17480 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE August 13 By Mr. McCORMACK: By Mr. HOLIFIELD: By Mrs. CHURCH: H. J. Res. 692. Joint resolution to author H. J. Res. 695. Joint resolution authorizing H. Con. Res. 377. Concurrent resolution to ize the chairman of the Joint Committee on the President to designate Los Angeles, Calif., designate November 4 as a day of respect for as the site of the next World's Fair to be Hungarian patriots; to the Committee on the ..1\tomic Energy to confer medal on Rear Adm. Judiciary. Hyman George Rickover, United States Navy; held in the vicinity of such city in 1963, and for other purposes; to the Committee on For By Mr. WALTER: to the Committee on Banking and Currency. eign Affairs. H . Res. 687. Resolution authorizing addi By Mr. VANZANDT: By Mr. LIPSCOMB: tional pages for the Office of the Doorkeeper, H. J. Res. 693. Joint resolution to author H. J . Res. 696. Joint resolution authorizing House of Representatives; to the Committee ize the chairman of the Joint Committee on the President to designate Los Angeles, Calif., on House Administration. Atomic Energy to confer medal on Rear Adm. as the site of the next World's Fair to be held Hyman George Rickover, United States Navy; in the vicinity of such city in 1963, and for to the Committe~ on Banking and Currency. ot her purposes; to the Committee on For PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. BENNETT of Florida: eign Affairs. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H . J. Res. 694. Joint resolution to estab By Mr. PELLY: bills and resolutions were introduced and lish a Commission on Ethics in the Federal H . J . Res. 697. Joint resolution authorizing severally referred as follows: Government to interpret the application of and directing the Secretary of the Interior By Mr. CANFIELD: the Code of Ethics for Government Service, to investigate and eradicate the predatory H. R. 13762. A bill for the relief of Kamal to recommend modifications and improve dogfiEh sharks and to· provide for the pay K. Aditya; to the Committee on the Judi ments ther~in, as well as in criminal or other ment of bounties on do!;rfish sharks to control ciary. statutes relating to ethics, to investigate t~e depredations of this species on the fish By Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey: complaints of unethical conduct in Govern eries of the Pacific coast, and for other pur H. R. 13763. A bill for the relief of Mrs. ment service, and for other purposes; to the poses; to the Committee on Merchant Ma Esfira (Esther) Berkowitz; to the Commit Committee on Post Office and Civil SerVice. rine and Fisheries. tee on the Judiciary.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
Newsweek Given Correct Information quires. Most great multipurpose Federal true and more accurate picture of the Fed d evelopments, and ot her Federal projects eral investment in TVA's power operations. About TVA provide for an amortization payout on a 5. The general impression of your state 50-year basis. The TVA act requires full ment is that the Kerr bill is an attempt to repayment of power investment on a 40-year free the TVA from control by the Congress. EXTENSION OF REMARKS basis and, as indicated, TVA is far ahead of Actually, the TVA makes annual reports to O"F its schedule, and over a lesser period than the Congress as do other Government for other developments. agencies. The TVA submits to the Bureau HON. JOE L. EVINS 2. You indicate lack of payment or failure of the Budget and the Congress its annual OF TENNESSEE of payment of interest on the Federal in budget and is constantly before commit Yestment. The TVA is owned by the Gov t~es of Congress who oversee and supervise IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernment and it is not customary for the the agency, probably closer than other Gov Wednesday, August 13, 1958 Government to pay interest to itself. How ernment agencies are supervised by Con ever, the profits of the TVA have amounted gress. Mr. EVINS. Mr. Speaker, recently I to a 4-percent return on the investment; the The Kerr bill would continue these budg had occasion to write Mr. Raymond amount of the payback above indicated, rep etary controls provided by the Government Moley, the distinguished columnist of resents more than a 2-percent return on the Corporation Control Act. In addition, the Government's investment in TVA power bill provides that except with the approval Newsweek magazine, in regard to the facilities. of the President during a period of defense facts about the TVA and the self-financ 3. Your statement might give the impres emergency, the TVA cannot build new ing bill pending before the Congress. sion under the Kerr bill that the TVA would power facilities with bond proceeds until Under unanimous-consent agreement, be required to pay only a minimum of $10 the TVA notifies the President and the Con I insert this letter in the CONGRESSIONAL million annually. The fact is, that under gress of its plans in this area. Following RECORD. The letter follows: the Kerr self-financing bill, the TVA would such notice, the Congress may pass a con be required to pay: current resolution disapproving any pro JULY 28, 1958. (a) Interest on the net Federal appropri posed new construction. This is indeed con Mr. RAYMOND MOLEY, ated investment in power facilities equal to trol by Congress. New York, N.Y. the average interest rate payabl.e by the 6. Concerning limitations of power service DEAR MR. MoLEY: Reference ~s made to Treasury on its total marketable public ob area: The TVA has never exceeded its ter your recent comments which appeared in ligations estimated at more than $30 million ritorial limits and is in fact not serving all Newsweek magazine-which I have read with annually. the territory within its present limits. The interest-concerning the pending bill in the (b) The TVA would also be required each Kerr bill specifically defines and limits the Congress relating to the self-financing bill year to either make repayments of the Gov area to the counties now served or which for the Tennessee Valley Authority. ernment's investment to the Treasury from lie in or in part within the Tennessee Drain I know that you would not want to com the reserves or to reinvest its annual depre age Basin. The one exception being that municate any inaccuracies in your state ciation reserves in new power facilities-thus the TVA may serve the United States or de ments to your readers, and while you are further increasing the equity of the Govern fense agencies and interconnect with other correct in some of your facts there are other ment in its investment-or both. utility systems for exchange power statements that are subject to an erroneous (c) The bill would require the TVA to pay arrangements. interpretation and accordingly I am taking a minimum of $10 million annually into the Please do not overlook and fail to em the liberty of calling your attention to some Treasury in such repayments of principal phasize, Mr. Moley, that more than 50 per of these observations. and over and above interest. In short, the cent of the power produced by the TVA, goes 1. In the first paragraph of your column Kerr bill provides that the Federal Govern to defense agencies of the Government, such you state that the TVA is required to pay ment would receive both interest on its in as the AEC and Army Rocket Research Cen a small amount of the investment periodi vestment, repayment of the investment, and ters and others. The power costs of the cally to the United States Treasury. You an increase in value of the Government's Government are thus enormously reduced. later make the correct statement that the ownership of this property, all through in The navigation and fiood-control features TVA is required to repay the full investment come from power proceeds. of the TVA alone justify its operations. in power over a 40-year period. 4. You state that the overall Federal in Lives and property have been saved and The facts are that the TVA has repaid into vestment in the TVA is $2 billion. The to commerce promoted. In addition, the TVA the United States Treasury a total of $240 tal overall Government investment is less is a great symbol of democracy in action and million from power revenue. This amount is than $2 billion. The investment in power the hundreds of visitors, dignitaries, and far in excess of the amount required by law facilities, with which you are concerned, is heads of state from foreign countries inter to be repaid annually. In other words, the only $1.4 billion. From this amount please ested in this great Government agency's TVA is paying annually into the Treasury, subtract the $240 million which has been success serves an added purpose of usefulness from power revenue, more than the law re- returned to the Treasury. This will give a to the United States. 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 17481 Let us give all the facts and let us press tras of our country, we have drawn closer ity of performance will be regarded as a new the positive and affirmative advantages of to the ideal of mutual understanding and standard, it was often stated, and local the TVA. I believe that in view of the friendship which is our goal. I am especially orchestras will no doubt benefit by a stim above provisions you should agree that the glad to know that the success of the orches ulated public interest and the prospect of interest of the Federal Government and of tra's mission, founded on the fine musician greater local support. Some cities expressed the taxpayers is adequately protected. ship of each member of the orchestra and their delight that vast popular audiences I hope that you will reconsider your of the brilliance of the conductors, Dimitri had been discovered for symphonic con criticisms or give your readers the benefit Mitropoulos and Leonard Bernstein, was fur certs. of the above facts so that they may make ther enhanced by the personal friendUness This tour came at a moment when evi a judgment based on the complete facts. and warmth of the conductors and musicians. dences of strain in relations with our south With kindest regards and best wishes, I Please convey to the members of the or ern neighbors were being dramatically dem am. chestra and to Maestros Bernstein and Mi onstrated. The welcome given to the or Very sincerely yours, tropoulos my hearty congratulations for their chestra was therefore not only gratifying but JOE L. EVINS. excellent accomplishment of an important especially significant. I often heard it ex undertaking. pressed that in sending the Philharmonic, Sincerely, the United States was sending its best, and DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER. for this symbol of our country's highest achievements there was only universal and A Momentous Journey: Latin American NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC TOUR OF LATIN heartwarming admiration. Representatives Tour of the New York Philharmonic AMERICA of local governments and of our own foreign The 7-week tour of Latin America by the missions, as well as private United States cit Orchestra New York Philharmonic was greeted as a izens living in our host countries, were momentous happening by each of the 12 outspoken in their pleasure at the flood of countries visited. In city after city the con friendly feeling engendered by the orchestra's EXTENSION OF REMARKS certs were called the most important artistic presence. OF events of recent times, and in several in I feel that all who take pride in this Na stances the most important in the history tion's artistic achievements will join me in HON. JACOB K. JAVITS of the country. The orchestra's visit was also paying grateful tribute to the officers of the OF NEW YORK welcomed everywhere as an act of good will Government and of ANTA who have shaped IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES on the part of the United States Govern this international music program, and to ment and of the people of the United States. the men of the Philharmonic, its two con Wednesday, August 13, 1958 Audiences in unprecedented numbers ductors and management who so brilliantly Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, from packed into theaters, open-air amphithe carried through this rewarding mission. aters, and even great arenas heretofore dedi JUNE 23, 1958. April 27 to June 16, 1958, the New York cated to popular sports events. The Phil DAVID M. KEISER, Philharmonic, under the sponsorship of harmonic's activities and its extraordinary President, New York Philharmonic. the President's Special International successes were day after day reported on Program for Cultural Presentations ad the front pages of the press. Ovations were ministered by the American National described as delirious, frenetic, interminable, Theater and Academy-ANTA-gave and without recall in our memory. The Candidacy of Hon. Thomas K. Finletter 39 concerts in 21 cities in 12 Latin rapid sellout of tickets often created special American countries. This program is public problems for local sponsors as literally for the Democratic Nomination to the thousands had to be turned away from box made possible by Congressional appro offices. In one capital city people brought United States Senate priations. The orchestra, conducted by food and mattresses and slept on the side Leonard Bernstein and Dimitri Mitro walks 24 hours prior to the opening of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS poulos, was received with acclaim ticket sale; in another, crowds even tried wherever it played. to break down the doors of the overfilled OF At each concert the l>hilharmonic in theater and stop the concert if they were HON. ESTES KEFAUVER cluded in its program at least one work not allowed admission. Editorials calling for greater protection of public safety appeared OF TENNESSEE by a United States composer and often in some cities after theater entrances, aisles, a work by a Latin American composer. and backstage areas had been jammed with IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Music, it has often been stated, is an standees throughout a concert. Wednesday, August 13, 1958 international language. The recent It was a highly moving experience to be Latin American concert tour by the present when thousands of students cheered Mr. KEFAUVER. Mr. President, I New York Philharmonic has served to and stamped in wild enthusiasm in Santi ask unanimous consent to have printed reemphasize this fact by the genuine ago's Madison Square Garden, the Caupo in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD some edi good will engendered in our sister re lican; when the initial reserve of the mu torials and statements regarding the publics to the south and the building up sically sophisticated audience in the Colon Honorable Thomas K. Finletter of New in Buenos Aires turned into one of the York. of their respect for our cultural achieve memorable ovations in the history of that ment so important to them. magnificent theater; when the United States I believe most of the Members of this I ask unanimous consent to have national anthem was very notably applauded body are familiar with the long and dis printed in the RECORD a letter from several days after the unfortunate demon tinguished career of Mr. Finletter in the President Eisenhower commenting on strations in Lima; when 18,000 people service of his country. He was a right the tour, and a report of the tour by listened in intent silence in the enormous hand man to Cordell Hull during the im David M. Keiser, president, New York cavern of the Maracanazinho in Rio and portant period when our foreign eco exploded into a thunder of applause and Philharmonic. cheering after each number, and when many nomic policy was being formulated. He There being no objection, the letter of the. audience openly wept as the crowds was Secretary of the Air Force during and report were ordered to be printed joined in singing of the national hymn the Korean war and he played a lead in the RECORD, as follows: of Brazil at its stirring repeat performance ing role in many key public and private THE WHITE HousE, at the conclusion of the program; when great undertakings in New York State. Washington, July 8, 1958. crowds surged about our conductors in the There being no objection, the articles Mr. DAVID M. KEISER, streets after concerts in almost each pro and editorials were ordered to be President of the Board, the Philhar vincial city in which the Philharmonic printed in the RECORD, as follows: monic Symphony Society of New played, expressing appreciation that their York, New York, N. Y. city had not been overlooked when the trip [From Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt's column DEAR MR. KEISER: The reports of the New was planned. These are but a few moments My Day] York Philharmonic Orchestra's tour of Latin from a tour rich in rewarding experiences. Thomas K. Finletter has announced his America have been very gratifying to me. From the nature, extent, warmth, and candidacy for the Democratic nomination for It was heartwarming to learn that this splen spontaneity of public attention and response, Senator from New York. IRVING IvEs, a Re did orchestra was received with acclaim it became readily apparent that the im publican, is retiring -this year on account of wherever it performed. pact of this tour would be deep and long his health, and this gives the Democrats an By sharing with our neighbors to the ranging. This was the first orchestra from opportunity to try to place in the Senate south the skills of one of the great arches- abroad to visit many of the cities. Its qual- someone who has the capacity to grow and 17482 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE August 13 become as important a statesman as former nomination for the United States Senate is entirety. Those things that should be Senator Lehman was. welcome news. done can be done. They can be done While Lehman was there, we could be Finletter is an able, thoughtful citizen without harming the national economy. proud of his stature among his colleagues. with a distinguished record of Government If He was called "the conscience of the Senate," service. He has strong convictions about the object brings to the Nation a ben and on several occasions stood alone, or al the failures and follies of United States for efit that is greater than the cost, then most alone, for what he thought was right. eign policy; he feels deeply about the cause the Nation is better off by having it ac The other Republican Senator, JACOB JAVITS, of human equality. These were matters on complished. In this case, also, there can is a. good man, but I doubt that he can grow which the voice of Herbert Lehman was be no inflationary or other harmful re to be the influence and the leader that Leh heard so eloquently in the Senate; Finletter sults. The economy is made stronger man was. belongs to the same tradition. by the accomplishment of any project T'he only candidate that I see with the His candidacy is given special significance that will yield benefits greater than the potentialities to give New York State the by events of recent days. Few Democrats representation it should have is Finletter. h ave shown any willingness or capacity to cost of the project. This reasoning does He has already proved his competence in debate the great issues of foreign affairs so not apply, however, to the many projects office. He is known in the national field pointedly exposed by the Middle East crisis. that cost in excess, and many far in and even internationally. His friends know As a Member of the Senate Finletter could excess, of any possible benefit that can that he has integrity. among other things-make an enduring con be realized. When he says that the Senate "is one of tribution to such a debate. We believe his I say this is a consideration in recent the most powerful inst ruments for peace and candidacy would be a rallying point for m any years. Traditionally the Government did freedom in the world," he knows that he can independent voters, · and that his election offer qualities to help make the Senate would be an eminently good thing for the not engage in economic · or commer'cial achieve these ends. For these reasons I am country. activities. These fields were left entirely hoping that the New York State Democratic to the people. The Government pro convention will see fit to nominate Flnletter, [Senator JoHN F. KENNEDY's comment on vided and enforced laws to prevent and that all our party leaders will work_for Finletter's book, Foreign Policy the Next wrongs, not to provide rights. People his election. · Phase] were free to do anc. to achieve for them Mr. Finletter's book is persuasively argued, selves. The law or the Government [Telegram to Mr. Finletter from Hon. Herbert broad in its outlook, yet always closely rea merely prevented abuses. This system H. Lehman] soned. He evades none of the tough issues gave to the Federal Government only Delighted that you have announced your which face United States foreign policy in such powers as were contained in the candidacy. Heartiest congratulations and the years ahead. Though the book is espe Constitution, and reserved to the States warmest good wishes. I am confident that cially outstanding in the area of Mr. Finlet ter's special competence, military strategy, and to the people all other rights or pow you will make an outstanding Senator, and ers. In other words, the Federal Gov therefore, I look forward to participating ac he does not neglect other dimensions of for tively in your campaign for election. Re eign policy, such as new patterns of foreign ernment could do only those things the gards. aid and disarmament. Mr. Finletter's prac people authorized it to do. Conversely, HERBERT LEHMAN. tical experience and clarity of judgment in the Old World, where there were so combine to make this a book deserving the cialistic republics instead of our con attention and reflection of thoughtful Amer [Excerpts are from an editorial in the New icans. stitutional republic, the matter was just York Times, Friday, July 25, 1958] the reverse. All rights were vested in the Government. The people could do Thomas K. Finletter's announcement of [Comment by Senator STUART SYMINGTON on his candidacy for the New York State Demo Mr. Finletter's book] only those thing·s that the Government cratic senato'rial nomination is no surprise, pefmitted them to do .. This diffetence is but is welcome all the same. : As usual, Mr. Finletter 'writes with knowl" the _difference in being free or riot being A prominent lawyer who was Secretary of edge, clarity, and vision, especially because free; the difference between citizen and the Air Force under President Truman and of liis vast background of, experience in the defense and ·diplomatic fields. ~ubject. Whieh system is best is hardly has had long experience in public affairs in necessary to mention to any American. an appointive capacity, Mr. Finletter is a man of highest caliber. His willingness to under History has made the answer most abun go the trial by ordeal -of running for elective dantly clear. Current events indicate office is much to his credit. Offering as the "The Things That Should Be Done" i.vhich system is looked to to carry the most important reason for his candidacy the burdens of the world. Just simply ask deteriorating diplomatic and military posi or observe who it is that is expected to tion of the United States, Mr. Finletter right EXTENSION OF REMARKS pay the cost, who puts up the money for ly points out that "next to the Presidency OF our international undertakings. Our itself the United States Senate today is one system, which is maligned and abused by of the most powerful instruments for peace HON. WILL K NEAL and freedom in the world." many so-called peoples' democracies, is OF WEST VIRGINIA always there when it comes to paying the • • IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Finletter has the endorsement of an cost of our international or cooperative influential segment of the Democratic Party, Wednesday, August 13, 1958 projects among the nations. including such personalities as former Sen I am not indicating that all of this is ator Lehman and Mrs. Roosevelt, and he Mr. NEAL. Mr. Speaker, one of the wrong. I believe there are many things would also probably have the backing of the most frequent quotes from Abraham Lin Government can and should do "to pro Liberal Party as well. His official entrance coln, in recent years, that attempts to mote the general welfare." There is into the race makes it more interesting than justify Government projects, is to the however a right way to do it. There are ever. effect that Government is justified in also many wrong ways to do it. In our doing for the people the things that eagerness, not our urgency, we are in [Excerpts are from an editorial in Newsday] should be done, which they are unable clined to look so high and so straight at Averell Harriman is going to be renomi to do, or to do as well, for themselves. the object that we fail to see many of nated for Governor, and on the basis of his record deserves to be. Who will get the nod It seems to me that many times we the curves and pitfalls that exist be to run for United States Senator on the same are so eager to project Government into tween us and the object: We run reck ticket remains to be seen, but we would the realm of our economic and commer lessly ahead, our eyes so completely up enjoy watching a wide-open fight for this cial fields, for the sake of creating jobs, ward, that we can easily stumble and job. Our candidate is Thomas K. Finletter. making so-called improvements, devel fall. Finletter by all odds is the best hope for oping projects, and so forth, that we fail the Democrats. He is a statesman, a man Many of the projects that we have with a vast knowledge of world affairs, and to use proper care to determine whether tried, and many that are now being a former Secretary of the Air Force. or not the object is really worth the cost. offered, under the guise of "progress and In other words, we are overlooking that development," fail to square with that [From the New York Post of July 24, 1958] phrase, "that should be done." clause "that should be done." Many Thomas K. Finletter's formal announce I can go along with the quote that is are not sound, not worthwhile. Their ment that he is seeking the Democratic ascribed to Lincoln if we take it in its cost far exceeds any possible benefit that 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE 17483 can be realized. Some of them, perhaps, requirements, benefit the citizens, and cession measure? Yes, 55 percent; no, 35 the people themselves can do; others the pay its proportionate share of the cost · percent; undecided, 10 percent. , 4. Large program of federally financed States or local jurisdictions can well of Government. public works to create jobs? . Yes, 33 per handle, even to a better efficiency than There are those who will disagree. cent; no, 61 percent; un<;lecided, 6 percent. the Federal Government. This is true Herein lies the danger of welfare proj 5. Repealing . excise _taxes on autos, ap of almost all local projects. ects. Those whose jobs are now ap.:. pliances, communications and transporta Then I would say a word about our parently secure; those whose power rates tion, luggage, and jewelry? Yes, 71 percent; major Federal projects. When we enter are exceptionally low due to Govern no, 19 percent; undecided, 10 percent. a field to develop it; we should have in ment subsidy, and others who have a 6. Tax reform? Yes, 87 percent; no, 4 per selfish interest will all decry against it. cent; undecided, 9 percent. mind that our purposes are to establish 7. Stronger laws to prohibit the use of un the project; get it to a point where it But those who are paying the taxes for tested chemical food additives? Yes, 97 per will be self-supporting, then release it to the subsidies; those whose taxes might cent; no, 0 percent; undecided, 3 percent. independent enterprise. Our nuclear tend to be lower if TVA were paying 8. Use of troops to enforce civil rights power development is a good case in taxes along with other utility compa court orders as in Little Rock? Yes, 49 per point. I do not believe we would have nies; and those in free enterprise that cent; no, 34 percent; undecided, 17 percent. this great new power today if the Gov are looking for employment; all of these, 9. Granting the Interstate Commerce Com ernment had not in large measure, along will perhaps see the fundamental sound mission power to terminate unprofitable ness of this suggestion. railroad commuter service without regard to with private enterprise, carried the public need? Yes, 24 percent; no, 59 per major share of the cost of its develop These two enterprises are merely two cent; undecided, 17 percent. ment. This new power which holds so of the hundreds that are now in being; 10. Legislation to safeguard employee much promise for the future even now and which are already proposed. There health, welfare, and pension funds? Yes, is a major deterrent to. war and in are thousands yet to come. Surely it 89 percent; no, 4 percent; undecided, 7 per directly at least is a great factor in our is time that we fixed a policy of opera cent. national security. Surely it indicates tion. Let the Government give aid in 11. Stiffer penalties for distributors of that Government moving to do for the the development of the projects that obscene materials by mail? Yes, 88 percent; people those things, which should be give reasonable assurance that they are no, 3 percent; undecided, 9 percent. worth while. Once the project is de 12. Extension of Reciprocal Trade Agree done, and which they are unable to do, ments Act as is? Yes, 47 percent; no, 28 or to do well for themselves is justified. veloped let the Government withdraw percent; undecided, 25 percent. The new era which lies ahead of us due and let the project then, having been to the development in this field is most born and nurtured to maturity, take its promising indeed.· It is still a hazardous place in our free economy along with new area. Agai_n we are pioneers. It -is other enterprises. This seems to me Activities of the Committee on Un exciting to contemplate. Now Govern to make sense. This then would get ment and private enterprise are part right now, a large number of so-called American Activities During the 2d Ses· ners working together as the develop Government corporations, that are in sion of the 85th Congress ment stages are being continued. full operation, with a record of many Once the development stages are years, of! the budgetary requirements of ended, however, and the project has the Government; off the backs of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS proven itself successful and useful, taxpayers; upright among other Amer OF then it is time for Government to yield ican corporations, doing their worth while services and paying their just HON. FRANCIS E. WALTER to independent enterprise. Let the OF PENNSYLVANIA field back to the people. Let independ taxes in support of the Government. ent enterprise take over, and let Gov Let it ever be kept in mind: The peo IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ernment continue to follow its proper ple support the Government. The Gov Thursday, August 14, 1958 course. A good case in point where the ernment does not, cannot, support the Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker; under Government should now accept the fact people. leave to extend my remarks in the REc that the development stages are over ORD, I include the following report on the would be our great Tennessee Valley activities of the Committee on Un Authority. Surely the years and the Nineteen Hundred and Fifty-Eight Amer1can Activties during the 2d session hundreds of millions that have been Questionnaire · of the 85th Congress. This report cov spent in this development of a power ers the period from January 1, 1958, to project are sufficient to prove it and and including July 31, 1958. Under the establish it as a going concern. The EXTENSION OF REMAR~S date of August 30, 1957, I inserted in the growth and development from this OF RECORD a report on the activities of the venture has been eminently worth while. Committee on Un-American Activities The power production facilities have HON. FRANK C. OSMERS, JR. during the 1st session of the 85th Con been accomplished. The market for the OF NEW JERSEY gress: power has also been developed. If the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT BY CHAIRMAN FRANCIS E. WALTER ON power is sold, and if the facility is eco Wednesday, August 13, 1958 THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON UN nomically operated, -surely TVA as an AMERICAN ACTIVITIES DURING THE 2D SES independent producer could now stand Mr. OSMERS. Mr. Speaker, for sev SION OF THE 85TH CONGRESS on its own feet, pay its normal and fair eral years I have made it a practice to· HEARINGS AND INVESTIGATIONS share of taxes to support the Govern distribute widely among my constitu During the period beginning January 1, ment along with others in its field and ents a questionnaire on the topics of the 1958, and ending July 31, 1958, the committee be a going independent, American enter day. The replies to my 1958 question interrogated 105 witnesses in public session prise. This then would be a shining ex naire have now been tallied and I ask and 60 witnesses in executive session. In ample of what I am talking about. unanimous consent to insert the results addition, several hundred persons were inter Here would be a case where the Govern in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: viewed by committee investigators. ment stepped in and did something, that Do you favor: Espionage the people appear to have been unable to· 1. Agreement with Russia t.o end nuclear Pursuing connective information derived do for themselves; something that bomb testing without foolproof inspection? from United States counterspy, Boris Morros, should be done; something that is Yes, 14 percent; no, 81 percent; undecided, the committee interrogated a number of per worth while, now proven to be self 5 percent. ' $Ons in formal session, as well as in informal 2. United States moral support for the in investigative interviews respecting the Soviet sustaining and a reai asset to our econ dependence of Algeria?. Yes, 31 percent; no, espionage apparatus in the United States. omy; and a something once developed, 33 percent; undecided, 36 percent. While much of the information thus de- largely at Government expense, now can 3. Broad tax cut by raising individual ex rived by the committee cannot for security and will live, function, meet its normal emptions from $600 to $80Q as an antire- reasons be publ_icly divulged, the committee 17484 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 13 is in the process of preparing a summary vealed to be the International Union of Stu form covers the principal queries which from report outlining matters of Soviet espionage· dents, founded in 1946, with headquarters in time to time have been posed by our citizens activity in the United States based upon Prague, Czechoslovakia, which has branches respecting the committee and its work. some two dozen cases which have been the in most countries; and the World Federation The second publication about the commit subject of extensive investigation. of Democratic Youth which claims over 85 tee is a study made by the Legislative Refer Communist infiltration in basic industry million members in 97 countries of the world. ence Service of the Library of Congress, en Red infiltration oj entertainment industry titled "Legislative Recommendations by Communist penetration of basic industry House Committee on Un-American Activi has been a major focus of the committee Exploitation by the Communist apparatus ties." This study sets forth in detail the work during the past several months. Hear in the United States of persons in the enter great body of legislation which has been en ings held in Gary, Ind., in which 14 witnesses tainment media was the subject of com acted by the Congress following recommenda testified in public session and 3 in executive mittee hearings in New York City. These tions made by the committee from 1941 until session, disclosed a pattern of Communist hearings disclosed a design of Communist 1958. The study reveals that bills were in colonization by highly educated, hard core use of persons prominent in the entertain troduced in the House of Representatives party members who erase their identity, edu ment industry as sounding boards for the embodying 80 recommendations made by the cation, and background as they procure Communist line as well as a wurce of revenue committee; that all but 2 of these bills menial jobs in heavy industry in order to to finance the activities of the apparatus were offered after 1949; that actual legisla engage in Communist activity. The pattern in this country. A number of persons who had been identified as Communists under tion enacted by the Congress carried out 35 Qf Communist penetratio~ of basic industry of · these , committee recommendations and ,developed in the hearings in Gary, I_rid., was oath by responsible witnesses before the committee were interrogated respecting cur that t.here are pending in the 85th Congress confirmed by data received by the committee 26 bills -embodying committee recommenda in hearings in other key areas of the Nation. rent activities in the entertainment industry. The hearings shed a new light on the current tions. Current-organizational structure oj the methods of Communist infiltration in an The Internal Security Act of 1950, the Communi st Party area of our society which is of vital im Communist Control Act of 1954, and various The current organizational structure of portance in formation of public opinion. provisions of the Immigration and Nation ality Act of 1952, are .among the more im the Communist Party, its pre ~ ent techni ques Communist penetration in the South of operation and the scope of its functioning portant legislative enactments in this field. were developed in extensive hearings, espe That Communist colonizers, propagan In addition, executive agencies of the Gov cially during those h earings held in Boston, dists, and agitators are presently active in the ernment have put into effect policies, orders, Mass. rapidly developing industrial centers of the and regulations relating to 13 recommenda Armando Penha, an undercover operative South was clearly established in hearings tions made by the committee. for the FBI from 1950 to the date of his ap held by the committee at Atlanta, Ga. The The Eri ca Wallach story testimony revealed that trained, hard-core pearance in March 19E8, testified extensively Based upon extensive interrogation both concerning the inner workings of the higher Communists based in Red nests in metropoli tan areas of the North are operating in vari in Europe and in the United States of Erica echelon of the Communist conspiracy. Glaser Wallach, who was formerly active in Assessing the current seriousness of the ous Southern enterprises including textile plants, publications, and organizations in the Soviet underground in Europe, but who Communist Party, Mr. Penha declared : has since broken with the Communist "Based on my experiences, I feel-and I which they are masquerading behind a facade of humanitarianism. operation and is now a resident of the United am sure that I am absolutely correct-that States, the committee issued a report re the Communist conspiracy, by and large to Typical of a number of witnesses who were interrogated by the committee during the vealing techniques of Communist justic6 day, is much stronger than it has ever and the utopian nightmare, which pro been. • • * The party has strengthened it Atlanta hearings were Eugene Feldman who had been identified under oath by a former duces-even to its inherents-the bitter self every time that it weeds out weaklings, fruit of assassination, torture, and enslave those that they suspect, those who do not undercover agent of the FBI as a member of the Communist Party, and, though presently ment. accept the party discipline, and as such it Who are they? becomes stronger." in residence in Chicago, Ill., is publisher of During the 8 years that he was in the Com the Southern Newsletter which carries the Continuing the series of thumbnail munst Party, Mr. Penha had known approx Communist Party ·line into the South; and sketches .of the leaders of the Soviet Union imately 400 members of the party. In the Carl Braden, likewise, identified by a re ·and international communism, the commit course of his testimony, he iden titled by sponsible witness under oath as a Commu tee this year published brief biographies of name over 200 Communist Party members he nist who is a field representative of the Vincente Lombardo Toledano, - secretary had personally known, including topflight Southern Conference Educational Fund, Inc., general of the Popular Party of Mexico; functionaries of the national committee of which is a successor organization to the one Luis Carlos Prestes, general secretary of the the Communist Party. time Communist front, the Southern Confer Communist Party of Brazil; Enver Hoxha, ence for Human Welfare. first secretary of the Albanian Workers Communist propaganda REPORTS (Communist Party), and Gheorghe Gheor The progressively increasing flood of Com ghiu-Dej, first secretary of the Rumanian munist propaganda stemming both from Organized communism in the United States Workers (Communist Party). The in abroad and from domestic sources received This report, a detailed study of the Com trigues, double-dealing and ruthlessness of committee attention in a number of hearings munist movements in America from the date the~e leaders of the forces of communism in designed to develop factual material on which of inception to and including 1958 was pre their respective countries give still further to base legislative recommendations to stem pared and released by the committee. emphasis to the words of Emerson: "Don't the tide of this phase of. Communist co!d Chronicle of treason say things. What you are stands over you war. Testimony was received .by the com the while, and thunders so that I cannot mittee from various sections of the country The committee published a series of ar hear what you say to the contrary." to the effect that notwithstanding the reg ticles by its chairman, Representative FRAN istration and labeling provisions of the For CIS E. WALTER, on various episodes of the CONSULTATIONS eign Agents Registration Act the interna Kremlin secret war against America, includ A series of consultations with authorities tional Communist apparatus is directing i:ng the activities of Harry Gold and the on each of the many facets of the total war huge quantities of subtly designed Commu Rosenbergs, who stole some of America's vital which the Soviet Empire is waging with the nist propaganda to all segments of our so military secrets for the Soviet Union; Judy United States. of America · as its principal ciety for the purpose of · undermining our Coplon, who kept her Communist masters target were conducted by the committee. resistance, and propagating the basic foreign informed about the efforts of the Govern policy of the Soviet Empire in its drive for ment to root out espionage and subversion; The Communist program joT world conquest world domination. A new technique used Louis Wheaton, who betrayed his countrymen Economic and psychological weapons by the Soviet apparatus for avoiding the lab while they were fighting for survival in rather than the launching of a third world· eling requirements of the Foreign Agents Korea; and Rudolph Abel, colonel of the war comprise the current Communist pro Registration Act was revealed in the form KGB, the overseas intelligence arm of the gram for world conquest,_ Gen. Albert c. of the devious tactic of channeling Com Soviet Union. Wedemeyer warned in a consultation with munist propaganda into the United States About the Committee on Un-American the committee. One of the top strategic through non-Communist countries. The em Activities phasis placed by the Kremlin-controlled planners of World War II, General Wede international Communist propaganda · on Two publications about the Committee on meyer was present at many international student and youth groups in the United Un-American Activities and its work were conferences as adviser to the President. He States and throughout the Free World was prepared and released. The first is a booklet attended the conferences in Washington, given particular attention by the committee. entitled "The House Committee on Un London, Cairo, Quebec, and Casablanca be Two of the principal Communist . conduits American Activities, What It Is, What It fore going to China as theater commander for capturing the minds of youth were re- Does.'' This booklet in question-and-answer in 1944. 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 17485 "They (the Communists) are attaining Professor Boldyreff, formerly on the fac Dr. Lowry emphasized, however, that the their objectives without the use of military ulty of Georgetown University and once a ideological struggle was but the deepest force," General Wedemeyer said: member of the Russian Cadet Corps, was phase of a total struggle with communism "If I were the senior planner in the Soviet one of the organizers of the NTS (National involving also military, political, and eco hierarchy, I would advise Khrushchev: Alliance of Russian Solidarists) , which is nomic forces. dedicated to the overthrow of the Commu 'Continue to do exactly what you are doing REFERENCE SERVICE now. Do not involve the Soviet Union in a nist regime in Russia. major war but employ the satellites in brush The Soviet Union's propaganda campaign The reference service, maintained by the fires or limited wars against our enemies, "is a totally new phenomenon" in interna committee for Members of Congress, execu the capitalist countries. Continue penetra tional conflict, Professor Boldyreff continued. tive agencies of the Government, and the tion economically and psychologically, uti "History knows several cases when nations committee staff for the purpose of supply lize economic or military aid to as many fought each other by economic pressure (the ing data from the public files of the com countries in the world as possible. They can blockade of Napoleonic France) or even by mittee has received during the first 7 be made indebted to the Soviet, and if not harassing the enemy on the periphery months of 1958, 1,625 requests for informa loyal, at least they will not be opposed to the {England and Spain) without actually re tion on 5,197 individuals and 1,073 organ Communist movement.'" sorting, for quite some time, to organized izations, periodicals and general subjects. military operations. In the past this was a All of these have been answered with writ Communist psychological warfare strife of one government against another ten reports. (brainwashing) government, with every citizen of the oppos WORK IN PROCESS Communist psychological warfare is now ing nation being considered an enemy. In For the remainder of the year 1958 the winning such extensive victories in the the present conflict, the main efforts of each committee has a heavy schedule of work in United States that the Red bloc will not of the striving governments are mainly di process including hearings and investiga need to employ direct· military force against rected to influence the citizens, individual tions, reports and consultations. us in order to win the total war which they citizens, of the opposing nation over the are waging with this country the principal head of their own government in an attempt target, Edward Hunter, American expert on to capture their allegiance.'' Communist brainwashing, asserted. Communist encroachment in the Fa1· East Mr. Hunter, whose career as a foreign Benson Policies Beneficial to Specialty correspondent, author, editor, world traveler, "The Communist infiltrators are seating and specialist in propaganda warfare, quali themselves in places of power in every level Crop Farmers of California fies him as an authority on Communist of our society and every organization we propaganda techniques, stated: have," the late Gen. Claire Lee Chennault "I spent 30 years, a little bit more perhaps, stated. EXTENSION OF REMARKS General Chennault organized and led the in countries under various forms of Com OF munist pressure and attack. What I am famed American volunteer group known as witnessing in America is no different from the Flying Tigers in the Sino-Japanese War. HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER what I saw in those other countries. I am Later he commanded the 14th United States often referred to as someone who has made Air Force in the Far East during World War OF CALIFORNIA II. He has been a leader in the Free World phenomenal predictions that proved correct IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on things to come. Actually, I have never fight against communism for 20 years. The made a prediction as such in my life. I have civilian airline which he organized after Wednesday, August 13, 1958 only predicted in the manner that one pre World War II-Civil Air Transport evacuated dicts the total of 4 after seeing the figures thousands of Nationalist Chinese who fled Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, I take the Communist conquest of the China main 2 plus 2. land in 1949. this opportunity to point out an incident "I have been watching developments un which shows that the policies of Secre der communism in other parts of the world, The Communist world threat is so critical and the hour so late, he declared, that only tary of Agriculture Ezra Taft Benson and and now I see exactly the same develop this Republican administration have ments here in America." a reversal of today's passive policies toward the Reds by the remaining non-Communist been beneficial to the specialty crop Communist propaganda activities in Canada nations can save freedom. farmers of California. The sum of $20 million to $30 million What is behind the Soviet proposal for a The principal problem of fresh, dried, yearly is collected by Soviet agents in Canada summit conference? and canned fruit producers in California as customs duties on food and clothing The Kremlin looks upon a summit confer parcels sent by Canadian citizens to the So has been the surplus created by the loss ence solely as another weapon in its pro of our overseas markets following World viet Union and is used to finance the activi gram of global conquest, four experts on ties of approximately 100,000 Communists in international communism asserted. The War II. Secretary Benson and the De Canada, Milan Jakubec, president of the ex partments of State and Commerce have ecutive council of the Mutual Cooperation experts-Or. David J. Dallin, Dr. Anthony T. Bouscaren, Dr. James D. Atkinson, and Mr. rejected the idea of subsidizing fruit League of Canada and president of the Slo Francis J. McNamara-declared that in seek vak Legion, stated. growers and have worked long and hard ing an international conference, the purpose to once again build up our traditional These customs duties average 150 to 175 of the Soviet Union is not to negotiate peace percent of the cost of the article itself, he but to disarm the West intellectually and foreign markets. The degree of their emphasized, and are part of a sum of at psychologically. success was dramatically focused with a least $100 million a year in similar duties recent announcement by the United which Soviet agents collect from citizens of The ideology of freedom versus the ideology the Free World. of communism Kingdom establishing commercial import The Mutual Cooperation League of Can The beliefs which sustain the Free World quotas on fresh, dried and canned fruit ada, which Mr. Jakubec heads, consists of can win the ideological struggle with com for the 1958-59 season in excess of $22 18 ethnic groups originating from behind munism, Dr. Charles Wesley Lowry, chair million. This announcement and an ear the Iron Curtain; and the Slovak Legion, of man and executive director of the Founda which he is president, consists of veterans tion for Religious Action in the Social and lier one by the British Board of Trade who fought during the last war in French, Civil Order, stated. The Foundation for clearly indicates a return to normalcy British, and other Allied armies. Religious Action in the Social and Civil and an intention to make no further ar Mr. Jakubec stated that there are about Order is an all-faith organization dedicated rang~ments for British fruit imports 23 Communist newspapers in various lan to opposing by spiritual means communism under United States aid programs. guages in Canada. Other Communist propa and all forms of totalitarianism and to re ganda publications in Canada include the newing religious and moral foundations. This is the first time the United King Soviet News Bulletin, published by the So Dr. Lowry characterized the beliefs which dom has permitted entry of United States viet Embassy, and Northern Neighbors, sustain the Free World as: fruit on a normal commercial trading which is financed from the Soviet Embassy. "The dignity, innate value, and inalien basis since World War II. Communist psychological warfare (thought able rights of man; • • • the providence of Here is an example of a sound policy, control) God; • • • the integrity and ultimate sov without a single cent of subsidy, solving The Soviet Union today is engaged in a ereignty of the people; • • • the limitation a major problem for a huge segment of gigantic campaign to win the cold war by and the division of governmental p·ower; mobilizing public opinion in western nations • • • and the dream and the vision of a our farm economy. We California farm against their own governments, Prof. Con new and fairer age of liberty and democracy ers can thank God for men like Ezra stantin W. Boldyreff declared. for all people. Taft Benson. 17486 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE August 13, 1958 The Presidenf s Address Before the Gen· ule to listen to the President's marvelous with regard to the position of the United speech before the General Assembly of States in the Middle East. eral Assembly of the United Nations the United Nations in New York. The President brought out most force As I listened, I was struck anew by the fully that since the birth of our Republic EXTENSION OF REMARKS realization that when we elected the we have shared our wealth and our OP' President to his second term we were know-how, but have never sought terri torial gains through aggression. HON. CARROLL D. KEARNS fortunate enough to continue in office I believe the American people will a leader with enormous prestige who can OF PENNSYLVANIA agree with me that their investment m speak with great sincerity and authority IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dwight D. Eisenhower, as President, was to representatives of all the nations of beautifully exemplified this morning and Wednesday, August 13,1958 the world, as he did so plainly and elo ·it seems to me that he spoke for most Mr. KEARNS. Mr. Speaker, this quently this morning when clarifying the of us when he said, "We want nothing, morning I took time out of a busy sched- picture in the Middle East, especially we give much, and we get so little."