DOCSLIB.ORG

United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Mineral

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Mineral 9-1267 United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey Mineral Resources of the Glacier Bay National Monument Wilderness Study Area, Alaska by David A. Brew, Bruce R. Johnson, Donald Grybeck, Andrew Griscom, and David F. Barnes, U.S. Geological Survey and by Arthur L. Kimball, Jan C. Still, and Jeanne L. Rataj, U.S. Bureau of Mines n Open-file Report 78-494 1978 This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Geological Survey standards and 9-1267 STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS In accordance with the provisions of the Wilderness Act 3 (Public Law 88-577, September 3, 1964) and the Joint Conference 4 Report on Senate Bill 4, 88th Congress, the U.S. Geological iSurvey and U.S. Bureau of Mines have been conducting mineral I 6 \ jsurveys of wilderness and primitive areas. Studies and reports i ,of all primitive areas have been completed. Areas officially i idesignated as "wilderness", "wild", or "canoe" when the Act was 9 :! passed were incorporated into the National Wilderness 10_ i preservation System, and some of them are presently being i n i jstudied. The Act also provided for suitability studies of areas i 12 Junderi consideration for wilderness designation. Mineral surveys 13 i s constitute one aspect of the suitability studies. This report u I Jdiscusses the results of a mineral survey of national park 15 i' !system lands in the Glacier Bay National Monument study area, jAlaska, that are being considered for wilderness designation. T7 ; jThe area studied is between tidewater and the International '3 ' Boundary in the Pacific Border Ranges about 160 km (100 mi) west of Juneau in southeastern Alaska. ji 20 : 11 9-1267 1 !i Contents ji 2 3 j Page 4 Chapter A. Summary and introduction A-l i i 5 | Summary A-l j i i i Introduction £-19 i i 7 Access, use, and general character A-20 a | Previous studies A-27 o j Acknowledgments A-2J9 ic .Chapter B. Geology, geophysics, and geochemistry - - B-l i! " Geology, by David A. Brew - .87! , 2 I Introduction B-l; j Present investigations B-l1 13 i Geologic setting B-4! i 14 | Lituya province B-9J i is | Fairweather province ~ B-12 16 | Geikie province - B-15 :7 | Chilkat province B-rl7 13 ; Muir province B-20 19 Interpretation of the aeromagnetic map of Glacier i :- Bay National Monument, Alaska by Andrew Griscom B-22 r, Aeromagnetic data and interpretation methods B-22 i 22 i Magnetic properties of rocks B-29 '< * | General interpretation of the aeromagnetic map- B-32 24 i Intrusive rocks B-34 111 9-1267 ,Chapter B. Geology, geophysics and geochemistry continued ! 1 ; I Interpretation of the aeromagnetic map of Glacier i Bay National Monument continued j i i Intrusive rocks continued Page 5 Layered gabbro complexes B 34 Foliated granitic rocks B-38 Unfoliated felsic granitic rocks B-43 Layered rocks B-44 Hornblende schist and gneiss B-44 10 Sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks B-45 Paleozoic volcanic rocks B-46 Faults B-48 Major magnetic boundary B-49 Interpretation of the gravity and ice-thickness data by David F. Barnes, R. L. Morin, and R. D. Watts B-51 16 Gravity data B-52 Dens ity data B-5 7 Description and interpretation of the gravity Ice- thickness measurements B-70 Geochemistry, by Bruce R. Johnson and Donald Grybeck- 5"^^ 22 Introduction B-76 Analytical support B-79 Statistical treatment of data B-83 25- ! IV 9-1257 1 Chapter B. Geology, geophysics, and geochemistry continued 2 Geochemistry continued 3 j! Statistical treatment of data continued ; i Stream sediments - B-83 ] ; 5- i Rocks B-121 j 6 | Interpretation of data B-177 7 i Crustal abundances B-177 8 I Rock geochemical anomalies B-179 i i i Stream sediment anomalies B-184 i J°- | Uranium analyses B-192 11 | Correlation studies B-193 i i 12 JGhapter C. Mineral resources, by Arthur L. Kimball, Jan C. Still, I 13 | and Jeanne L. Rataj - - C-1 14 j Introduction C-1 i l3 , Present studies C-1 '* i Sampling C-3 i i7 j Sample types C-3 13 ; Sample tables and analyses C-4 ? . Measurement C-5 " :~~ ; Production C-6 21 | Mining claims c~7 Areas favorable for mineral deposits C-9 23 J Commodity discussion C-14 24 Organization C-17 v 9-1267 Chapter C. Mineral resources continued i Lituya province C-28 Pacific beach sands C-28 i Introduction and summary C-28 History and production C-31 Mining claims C-34 Geologic setting C-35 I Bedrock C-35 Unconsolidated deposits C-35 Provenance of heavy minerals C-42 <__Concen.tra.tion_ of heavy minerals C-45 Sampling method C-46 ' Sample preparation and analysis C-49 13 Sample results C-53 Resource calculations C-86 i 15 Inferred resources C-86 Hypothetical resources C-91 Remainder of the province C-91 Fairweather province C-95 Introduction C-95 Crillon-La Perouse stock and vicinity C-96 Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit C-96 i Introduction . C-96 Geology and mineral deposits C-97 VI ?-1267 1 Chapter G. Mineral resources continued 2 i Fairweather province continued Page Crillon-La Perouse stock and vicinity continued Brady Glacier nickel-copper deposit continued Tonnage C-99 Other mineralized areas near the Crillon-La Perouse stock C-101 North wall of the South Crillon Glacier C-101 South wall of the North Crillon Glacier C-106 Additional mineralized occurrences- C-108 Mount Fairweather stock and vicinity - - C-108 Astrolabe-De Langle stock C-119 De Langle'Mountain magnetite prospect- C-119 Other mineralization in vicinity -C-122 Remainder of the prpvince C-123 North Geikie sub-province -C-127 Margerie Glacier favorable area C-127 Orange Point zinc-copper deposit C-129 Introduction C-129 Geology C-130 VI1 9-12&7 Chapter C. Mineral resources continued North Geikie sub-province continued Margerie Glacier favorable area continued Orange Point zinc-copper deposit continued i ! Description of mineralized zones ! resources C-135 Limits of this investigation and work necessary to further delineate this depos i t - c^!4 6 Summary C-146 Other potential volcanogenic sulfide ' showings C -14 7 3,087 nunatak 0^147 i South side of Johns Hopkins Inlet C-147 i Margerie Glacier porphyry-copper deposit C-149 Introduction C-149 Geo lo gy - C 15 0 deposit Resources of the Margerie Glacier- C-160 Potential of the Margerie Glacier deposit vicinity C-161 Tarr Inlet knob prospect and vicinity C-162 North side of Johns Hopkins Inlet gold 22 anomaly C-168 Johns Hopkins_J.nlet_moj.ybdenum anomalous area C 168 Other anomalous areas in the Margerie 24 Glacier favorable area C-169 25 Vlll 9-1267 Chapter C. Mineral resources continued North Geikie province continued Page i 4 ; Rendu Glacier favorable area C-169 ! :- Massive chalcopyrite deposit C-180 1 Mineralization in the vicinity of the i massive chalcopyrite deposit C-183 3 Other mineralization in the Rendu Glacier ( ; favorable area C-186 :°~ \ Fixed-rope ice gully skarn showing C-186 , Crampon ice gully mineralized area C-186 12 i Remainder of North Geikie sub-province C-187 i j ! ' 3 : Little Jennie and the Silver Dick i! 14 | . patented claims C-187 J~ Other mineralized zones and prospects in the ce<**9\*de-(~ \ 14 A of North Geikie sub-province C-188 '' Middle Geikie sub-province C-193 3 Introduction C-193 Reid Inlet gold area C-195 ^- Introduction C-195 2' LeRoy mine C-199 i 22 : Rainbow mine : C-206 --> Incas mine - . ,_C-215 24 ; Monarch #1 and #2 mines .C-217 IX 9-1267 Chapter C. Mineral resources continued j i Middle Geikie sub-province -continued Page i Reid Inlet gold area-ffontinued Sentinal mine CH221 Highland Chief (Joe's Dream) prospect C-222 Rambler (Challenger) prospect C-230 Galena prospect C-233 Sunrise prospect C-233 A. F. Parker prospect C-234 10 Hop along prospect C-236 Whirlaway prospect C-237 Mt. Parker area C-:237 13 Russell Island gold prospect C-238 Ptarmigan Creek basin C-242 C on c lus ion C - 2 4 5 Remainder of the province C-246 South Geikie sub-province C-252 Threesome Mountain molybdenum-tungsten deposit- C-253 Dundas Bay tungsten prospect C-257 Gold placer south of Wood Lake C-264 Other occurrences or prospects in South Geikie sub-province--- - C-264 Muir Province C-272 22 Muir Inlet favorable area C-272 The Nunatak molybdenum deposit C-274 Introduction C-274 9-1267 Chapter C. Mineral resources continued Muir province continued ] ! < \ Muir Inlet favorable area continued . Page ! The Nunatak molybdenum deposit continued Geology C-275 Molybdenum ore metal mineralization C-276 Identified resources C-287 Identified resources summary C-293 i i Mineralization outside the molybdenum i ID- I . area > " ' " « ' !' '»> > " ' '! > " > n«n- ) i**Miiiiiimm ,* ** \^~L£J3 i Resource potential C-295 i i Bruce Hills copper-molybdenum prospect C-295 I i { Wachusett Inlet copper-molybdenum prospect- C-307 i Idaho Ridge prospect C-310 i Minnesota Ridge prospect C-310 i , Other prospects or mineralized areas C-313 Remainder of Muir province C-319 Mt. Brack zinc-copper prospect C-319 : Other prospects or mineralized zones in the , remainder of Muir province C-320 North Chilkat sub-province C-327 Miller Peak-White Glacier area C-327 White Glacier mineralized areas C-328 Sandy Cove gold-copper prospect C-334 XI Chapter C. Mineral deposits continued North Chilkat sub-province-continued Miller Peak-White Glacier area-continued Miller Peak copper prospect C-342 "~ The remainder of North Chilkat sub-province C-344 Mt.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A, Index Map of the St. Elias Mountains of Alaska and Canada Showing the Glacierized Areas (Index Map Modi- Fied from Field, 1975A)
    Figure 100.—A, Index map of the St. Elias Mountains of Alaska and Canada showing the glacierized areas (index map modi- fied from Field, 1975a). B, Enlargement of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image mosaic of the St. Elias Mountains in summer 1995. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration image from Mike Fleming, USGS, EROS Data Center, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, Alaska. K122 SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD St. Elias Mountains Introduction Much of the St. Elias Mountains, a 750×180-km mountain system, strad- dles the Alaskan-Canadian border, paralleling the coastline of the northern Gulf of Alaska; about two-thirds of the mountain system is located within Alaska (figs. 1, 100). In both Alaska and Canada, this complex system of mountain ranges along their common border is sometimes referred to as the Icefield Ranges. In Canada, the Icefield Ranges extend from the Province of British Columbia into the Yukon Territory. The Alaskan St. Elias Mountains extend northwest from Lynn Canal, Chilkat Inlet, and Chilkat River on the east; to Cross Sound and Icy Strait on the southeast; to the divide between Waxell Ridge and Barkley Ridge and the western end of the Robinson Moun- tains on the southwest; to Juniper Island, the central Bagley Icefield, the eastern wall of the valley of Tana Glacier, and Tana River on the west; and to Chitistone River and White River on the north and northwest. The boundar- ies presented here are different from Orth’s (1967) description. Several of Orth’s descriptions of the limits of adjacent features and the descriptions of the St.
    [Show full text]
  • GLACIERS of ALASKA by BRUCE F
    Glaciers of North America— GLACIERS OF ALASKA By BRUCE F. MOLNIA With sections on COLUMBIA AND HUBBARD TIDEWATER GLACIERS By ROBERT M. KRIMMEL THE 1986 AND 2002 TEMPORARY CLOSURES OF RUSSELL FIORD BY THE HUBBARD GLACIER By BRUCE F. MOLNIA, DENNIS C. TRABANT, ROD S. MARCH, and ROBERT M. KRIMMEL GEOSPATIAL INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF GLACIERS: A CASE STUDY FOR THE EASTERN ALASKA RANGE By WILLIAM F. MANLEY SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF THE GLACIERS OF THE WORLD Edited by RICHARD S. WILLIAMS, Jr., and JANE G. FERRIGNO U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1386–K About 5 percent (about 75,000 km2) of Alaska is presently glacierized, including 11 mountain ranges, 1 large island, an island chain, and 1 archipelago. The total number of glaciers in Alaska is estimated at >100,000, including many active and former tidewater glaciers. Glaciers in every mountain range and island group are experiencing significant retreat, thinning, and (or) stagnation, especially those at lower elevations, a process that began by the middle of the 19th century. In southeastern Alaska and western Canada, 205 glaciers have a history of surging; in the same region, at least 53 present and 7 former large ice-dammed lakes have produced jökulhlaups (glacier-outburst floods). Ice-capped Alaska volcanoes also have the potential for jökulhlaups caused by subglacier volcanic and geothermal activity. Satellite remote sensing provides the only practical means of monitoring regional changes in glaciers in response to short- and long-term changes in the maritime and continental climates of Alaska. Geospatial analysis is used to define selected glaciological parameters in the eastern part of the Alaska Range.
    [Show full text]
  • Icy Strait Ly
    Akwe Lake 138°0'0"W 137°0'0"W 136°0'0"W Doame River McConnell Ridge White Thunder Ridge Van Horn Ridge Grand Plateau Glacier Rice, Mount Clear Creek Boundary Peak 161Forde, Mount Casement Glacier Glacier Pass SPB Minnesota Ridge Watson, Mount Red Mountain 59°0'0"N SPB Tarr Inlet Boundary Peak 162Turner, Mount SPB Sentinel Peak Burroughs Glacier 59°0'0"N SPB Nunatak, The Abdallah, Mount Elder, Mount Romer Glacier Bruce Hills Westdahl Point Howling Valley SPB Boundary PeakRoot, Mount Stump Cove Nunatak Cove Plateau Glacier Snow Dome Berg Mountain Margerie Glacier Sealers IslandGoose Cove Triangle Island Curtis Hills Girdled Glacier Rendu Inlet Wordie, Mount Queen Inlet Rowlee Point Forest Creek Wachusett Inlet Topeka Glacier Russell Island Granite Canyon McLeod, Point Sea Otter Glacier Hunter CoveMuir Inlet Toyatte Glacier Berg Creek Fairweather, MountBoundary Peak Boundary Peak Merriam, Mount Idaho Ridge Quincy Adams, Mount Jaw Point L Twin Glacier Kadachan Glacier Composite Island Kutz, Mount Kloh Johns Hopkins Inlet Klotz Hills y Morse Glacier Sea Otter Creek Ibach Point Tree Mountain Maquinna Cove Tyeen Glacier Oberlin Ridge Adams Inlet Parker, Mount George, Saint Charley Glacier Cooper, Mount Reid Inlet n Kashoto Glacier Black Cap Mountain John Glacier Salisbury, Mount Pyramid Peak Vivid Lake Endicott Gap Fairweather Glacier Hoonah Glacier Dirt Glacier n Muir Point Lamplugh Glacier Tidal Inlet Case, Mount Gilbert Peninsula Ice Valley Clark Glacier White Glacier Scidmore Glacier Wright, Mount Lituya Mountain Johns Hopkins Glacier Scidmore
    [Show full text]
  • Glacier Bay 2020 Fact Sheet
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Glacier Bay Glacier Bay National Park & Preserve Alaska Arctic Terns raise their young at Glacier Bay before flying to 2020 Fact Sheet Antarctica in the longest migration of any bird species. Superintendent Philip N. Hooge Established Feb 26, 1925 Designated National Monument Dec 2, 1980 Designated National Park & Preserve 1986 Designated World Biosphere Reserve 1992 Designated World Heritage Site Glacier Bay represents the most dramatic documented large-scale glacial retreat in the world and provides unparalleled opportunities for scientific study of tidewater glaciers and ecosystem development. Size National Park: 3,226,800 acres 5,130 square miles National Preserve: + 57,700 acres + 90 square miles = 3,284,500 acres = 5220 square miles (roughly the size of the state of Connecticut) Park Designated Wilderness: 2,656,200 acres Biosphere Reserve: 3,455,300 acres This consists of both Glacier Bay and Admiralty Island, including a marine corridor connecting the two. World Heritage Site: 24,313,000 acres This also includes Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Kluane National Park (Canada), and Tatshenshini-Alsek Park (Canada), one of the world’s largest protected areas. Base Budget $ 5,052,000 Staffing Permanent 54 Term/Seasonal 65 Volunteers 58 (contributed 900 hours of work in 2019) Access Most visitors arrive on cruise ships and tour boats. The only road is 10 miles from the small community of Gustavus. Gustavus has an airport and is served by Alaska Airlines in summer and small planes all year round. The Alaska Marine Highway provides scheduled ferry service from Juneau to Gustavus.
    [Show full text]
  • Late Nineteenth to Early Twenty-First Century Behavior of Alaskan Glaciers As Indicators of Changing Regional Climate ⁎ Bruce F
    Global and Planetary Change 56 (2007) 23–56 www.elsevier.com/locate/gloplacha Late nineteenth to early twenty-first century behavior of Alaskan glaciers as indicators of changing regional climate ⁎ Bruce F. Molnia U.S. Geological Survey, 926A National Center, Reston, VA 20192, United States Received 30 August 2005; accepted 21 July 2006 Available online 2 October 2006 Abstract Alaska's climate is changing and one of the most significant indications of this change has been the late 19th to early 21st century behavior of Alaskan glaciers. Weather station temperature data document that air temperatures throughout Alaska have been increasing for many decades. Since the mid-20th century, the average change is an increase of ∼ 2.0 °C. In order to determine the magnitude and pattern of response of glaciers to this regional climate change, a comprehensive analysis was made of the recent behavior of hundreds of glaciers located in the eleven Alaskan mountain ranges and three island areas that currently support glaciers. Data analyzed included maps, historical observations, thousands of ground-and-aerial photographs and satellite images, and vegetation proxy data. Results were synthesized to determine changes in length and area of individual glaciers. Alaskan ground photography dates from 1883, aerial photography dates from 1926, and satellite photography and imagery dates from the early 1960s. Unfortunately, very few Alaskan glaciers have any mass balance observations. In most areas analyzed, every glacier that descends below an elevation of ∼ 1500 m is currently thinning and/or retreating. Many glaciers have an uninterrupted history of continuous post-Little-Ice-Age retreat that spans more than 250 years.
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of Landslide Volume, Structures, And
    AN ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE VOLUME, STRUCTURES, AND KINEMATICS FROM SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE 2016 LAMPLUGH ROCK AVALANCHE, GLACIER BAY NATIONAL PARK AND PRESERVE, ALASKA by Erin K. Bessette-Kirton A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geological Engineering). Golden, Colorado Date: __________________________________ Signed: ________________________________________ Erin K. Bessette-Kirton Signed: ________________________________________ Dr. Wendy Zhou Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date: ________________________________________ Signed: ________________________________________ Dr. Stephen Enders Department Head Department of Geology and Geological Engineering ii ABSTRACT During the past five years occurrences of large rock avalanches over glaciated terrain in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GBNP), Alaska have drawn attention to the complex, highly variable, yet poorly understood dynamics of these events. The objective of this research is to study the emplacement processes of the Lamplugh rock avalanche through an analysis of the volume and distribution of material in conjunction with structures and surficial features within the deposit. This research demonstrates the ability to use high-resolution remotely sensed data to study rock avalanches in glaciated terrain and provides an improved framework with which to estimate many of the uncertainties affecting volume measurements in glacial environments. The Lamplugh rock avalanche occurred on June 28, 2016 and is the largest rock avalanche on record in GBNP. WorldView satellite stereo imagery was used to derive pre- and post-event, high- resolution (2m) Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). Differenced DEMs were used to calculate both source and deposit volumes and examine variations in deposit thickness.
    [Show full text]