HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT of the Genesee Valley Greenway

HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT of The Genesee Valley Greenway

PREPARED BY: BENJAMIN WOELK, M.S. | MARCH 2018 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT The Genesee Valley Greenway

Financial assistance for the preparation of this report was provided by the Federal Highway Administration through the Genesee Transportation Council. Common Ground Health is solely TGURQPUKDNGHQTKVUEQPVGPVCPFVJGXKGYUCPFQRKPKQPUGZRTGUUGFJGTGKPFQPQVPGEGUUCTKN[TGƃGEVVJG QHƂEKCNXKGYUQTRQNKE[QHVJG75&GRCTVOGPVQH6TCPURQTVCVKQP

GTC’S COMMITMENT TO THE PUBLIC The Genesee Transportation Council assures that no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, disability, age, gender, or income status, be excluded from participation in, be FGPKGFVJGDGPGƂVUQHQTDGQVJGTYKUGUWDLGEVGFVQFKUETKOKPCVKQPWPFGTCP[RTQITCOQTCEVKXKV[ GTC further assures every effort will be made to ensure nondiscrimination in all of its programs activities, whether those programs and activities are federally funded or not.

EN ESPAÑOL 'N%QPUGLQ)GPGUGGFGN6TCPURQTVGCUGIWTCEQORNGVCKORNGOGPVCEKÏPFGN6ÉVWNQ8+FGNC.G[FG >GEJQU%KXKNGUFGSWGRTQJKDGNCFKUETKOKPCEKÏPRQTOQVKXQFGTC\CEQNQTFGRKGNQTKIGP PCEKQPCNGFCFIÅPGTQFKUECRCEKFCFQGUVCFQFGKPITGUQUGPNCRTQXKUKÏPFGDGPGƂEKQU[UGTXKEKQU SWGUGCPTGUWNVCFQFGRTQITCOCU[CEVKXKFCFGUSWGTGEKDCPCUKUVGPEKCƂPCPEKGTCHGFGTCN HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Table of Contents The Genesee Valley Greenway

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ...... 3

Section 1: Introduction ...... 9

Section 2: The Genesee Valley Greenway State Park and Health ...... 13

2.1 The Genesee Valley Greenway State Park...... 13 2.2 What is Health? ...... 15 2.3 How might the Greenway impact Health? ...... 16 2.4 What is a Health Impact Assessment ...... 17 2.5 Why conduct the GVG HIA?...... 18

Section 3: GVG HIA Methodology ...... 19

3.1 HIA Project Team ...... 19 3.2 Steering Committee...... 19 3.3 Screening ...... 19 3.4 Scoping ...... 20

Section 4: Physical Activity ...... 23

4.1 Physical Activity and Health Literature Review ...... 23 4.2 Physical Activity and the GVG...... 25 4.3 Physical Activity Recommendations ...... 26

Section 5: Accessibility and Infrastructure ...... 28

5.1 Access, Social Equity and Health Literature Review...... 28 5.2 Access, Social Equity and the GVG ...... 30 5.3 Access and Infrastructure Recommendations...... 35

Section 6: Safety ...... 37

6.1 Safety and Health Literature Review ...... 37

1 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Table of Contents The Genesee Valley Greenway

6.2 Safety and the GVG ...... 39 6.3 Safety Recommendations ...... 44

Section 7: Social Cohesion...... 46

7.1 Social Cohesion and Health Literature Review ...... 46 7.2 Social Cohesion and the Genesee Valley Greenway ...... 48 7.3 Social Cohesion Recommendations...... 50

Section 8: Summary of Recommendations ...... 52

Section 9: Monitoring & Evaluation ...... 58

9.1 Process Evaluation...... 58 9.2 Impact & Outcome Evaluation...... 58 9.3 Monitoring Plan ...... 58

References...... 60

Appendix A – Complete Map of the Greenway ...... 74 Appendix B - Screening Exercise ...... 77 Appendix C - Scoping Worksheets...... 79

2 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Executive Summary The Genesee Valley Greenway

Executive Summary 6JG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM )8) QHHGTUITGCVRQVGPVKCNCUCTGETGCVKQPCNCOGPKV[VJCV could also play a role in helping area residents improve their health. 6JKUYGUVGTP0GY;QTMQRGPURCEGEQTTKFQTRCUUGUVJTQWIJYQQFNCPFUYGVNCPFUTKXGTCPFUVTGCO XCNNG[UHCTONCPFUINCEKCNIQTIGUCPFJKUVQTKEXKNNCIGUCETQUUOKNGUKP/QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP 9[QOKPI#NNGICP[CPF%CVVCTCWIWUEQWPVKGU+VUPQTVJGTPOQUVOKNGRQTVKQPKUNQECVGFYKVJKP Monroe and Livingston counties. 1RGTCVGFD[VJG0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 124*2 VJGOCUVGTRNCPGPXKUKQPUVJG)8)CUCTGIKQPCNFGUVKPCVKQPD[ETGCVKPICPKPVGTUVCVGVTCKNU[UVGO 'ZKUVKPITGETGCVKQPCNQRRQTVWPKVKGUYKVJKPVJG)8)KPENWFGJKMKPIYCNMKPIDKMKPIETQUUEQWPVT[ UMKKPICPFUPQYUJQGKPI

#UYKVJCNNHQTOUQHCEVKXGVTCPURQTVCVKQPKPETGCUGFCPFGPJCPEGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CVVJG)8)OC[ lead to improved health outcomes. However, current issues related to public access, infrastructure CPFUCHGV[EQWNFDGMGGRKPIVJG)8)HTQOTGCEJKPIKVURQVGPVKCNCUCFGUVKPCVKQPHQTRWDNKE TGETGCVKQPQHHTQCFNKPMCIGUVQPGCTD[EQOOWPKVKGURCTMUCPFQVJGTVTCKNUsCPFEQPVTKDWVKPIVQ health disparities. -G[KUUWGURQVGPVKCNN[EQPVTKDWVKPIVQJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUCPFCHHGEVKPIJGCNVJQWVEQOGUKPENWFGVTCKN UWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPUUCHGTQCFVTCKNETQUUKPIUCPFNKOKVCVKQPUVQWUCIGD[XWNPGTCDNGRQRWNCVKQPU • Existing trail conditions are rough and composed of soil, grass, and cinders, as opposed to crushed gravel. r 6JG)8)ETQUUGUOCP[UVCVGQTEQWPV[TQWVGUYKVJKPVGTUGEVKQPUVJCVCTGPQVENGCTN[OCTMGFYKVJ RGFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIUKIPUQTQVJGTYCTPKPIU • Some portions of the trail are not easily accessible or do not meet the needs of all potential WUGTUKPENWFKPINQYKPEQOGCPFCVTKUMRQRWNCVKQPUQNFGTCFWNVUCPFRGQRNGYKVJFKUCDKNKVKGU %QOOQP)TQWPF*GCNVJCPFVJG)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN )6% RTQFWEGFVJKU*GCNVJ +ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV *+# CURCTVQHVJGKTGHHQTVUVQCFXCPEGJGCNVJKPHQTOGFVTCPURQTVCVKQPFGEKUKQP OCMKPICETQUUVJG)GPGUGG(KPIGT.CMGUTGIKQP+VKUVJGTGUWNVQHGZVGPUKXGTGUGCTEJCPFCPCN[UKUCU YGNNCUIWKFCPEGCPFHGGFDCEMHTQOCPCTTC[QHUVCMGJQNFGTUHTQOEQOOWPKV[JGCNVJVTCPURQTVCVKQP planning and community engagement. To assess the potential health disparities that may currently exist, four health determinants were KFGPVKƂGFHQTHWTVJGTCPCN[UKURJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CEEGUUCPFKPHTCUVTWEVWTGUCHGV[CPFUQEKCNEQJGUKQP JQYYGNNKPVGITCVGFCPFEQPPGEVGFCEQOOWPKV[KUUQEKCNN[

3 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Executive Summary The Genesee Valley Greenway

(QNNQYKPICTGCUGVQHTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUVJCVECPJGNRKPETGCUGWUCIGQHVJG)8)CPFKPVJGRTQEGUU JGNRKORTQXGRGQRNGoUJGCNVJ6JGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUKPXQNXG r 2TQOQVKPIOQTGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[CPFKPETGCUKPIVTCKNWUGWPFGTUVCPFKPI VJCVKPUWHƂEKGPVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ECPNGCFVQUKIPKƂECPVJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUUWEJCUECTFKQXCUEWNCT diseases, cancers, diabetes and depression. r /CZKOK\KPI)TGGPYC[WVKNK\CVKQPVJTQWIJDGVVGTEQPPGEVGFKPHTCUVTWEVWTG • Encouraging more community engagement with the Greenway, including accommodating the needs of vulnerable populations. r 'PJCPEKPIWUGTUCHGV[D[CFFKPIOQTGETQUUYCNMUCVTQCFYC[URTQXKFKPINKIJVKPICPFUKIPCIG improvements and designing safer road crossings. r $GVVGTKPVGITCVKPIEQOOWPKV[QWVTGCEJGHHQTVUCPFKPETGCUKPIUVTWEVWTGFCEVKXKVKGUVQFTCYOQTG users. This HIA could lead to concrete actions that could positively impact the Greenway’s future appeal, UCHGV[CPFXKCDKNKV[JGNRVQQXGTEQOGKFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUCPFHQUVGTKORTQXGFJGCNVJ outcomes among its proximate population centers and throughout the region.

4 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

Health Impact Assessment Recommendations

Physical Activity Ensure accessible, safe, and maintained trails to promote physical activity. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 2CTVPGTYKVJIQXGTPOGPVUCPFEQOOWPKV[QTICPK\CVKQPUVQRTQOQVGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ • Ensure that programming and events are inclusive of vulnerable populations.

Promote trail use along the Genesee Valley Greenway. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 9QTMYKVJTGIKQPCNVQWTKUOQTICPK\CVKQPUVQFGXGNQRECORCKIPUQPCEVKXGNKXKPIJGCNVJ DGPGƂVUQHNQECNVTCKNUJWDUHQTCTGCTGUKFGPVUXKUKVQTU r 7VKNK\GECORCKIPUVQKPETGCUGQXGTCNNCYCTGPGUUCPFWUCIGQHVJG)TGGPYC[CUCPCEVKXG VTCPURQTVCVKQPTGETGCVKQPEQTTKFQT

Access and Infrastructure Encourage overall engagement with the Greenway. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r /CMGVTCKNCEEGUURQKPVUHTGSWGPVPGCTRQRWNCVKQPEGPVGTUCPFKPVGITCVGYKVJQHHVTCKNCOGPKVKGU r 2TQXKFGVTCKNJWDEQPPGEVKQPUVQPGCTD[DWUKPGUUFKUVTKEVURCTMUCPFUEJQQNU r %TGCVGDQVJRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPTKFGUJCTGJWDUCVVTCKNJGCFUPGCTRQRWNCVKQPEGPVGTU r 'PEQWTCIGCFLCEGPVDWUKPGUUGUVQRTQOQVGVJGVTCKNCPFRCTVPGTYKVJHCTOGTUOCTMGVUVQ promote activity on the trail.

Develop protocols to capture baseline data on trail usage over time. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU • Install trail counters at multiple locations, including trail heads near municipal centers. r &QEWOGPVEJCPIGUKORTQXGOGPVUQHVTCKNEQPFKVKQPUCPFEQTTGURQPFKPIFCVCQPKPETGCUGFVTCKN usage. r #PCN[\GFCVCEQNNGEVGFVQKPHQTOVTCKNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGOCKPVGPCPEGGPJCPEGOGPV r 4GRQTVVTCKNEQWPVUCPFQXGTCNNVTCKNWVKNK\CVKQPVQ0;52CTMU

5 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

• Enhance trail where cyclists are impeded, especially in the southern Livingston County. r 'PEQWTCIGRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPRTQXKFGTUYKVJTQWVGUCNQPI)TGGPYC[VQKPENWFGDKMGTCEMUQP buses. r %TGCVGRCTMKPICTGCUYKVJTQQOHQTJQTUGVTCKNGTRCTMKPI r +ORTQXGETQUUUNQRGCPFTGOQXGVTGGTQQVUVQETGCVGCƂTOCPFUVCDNGUWTHCEG

Maximize utilization of Greenway by encouraging infrastructure that connects with trail. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 2TQXKFGEQPPGEVKQPUUWEJCUPGYVTCKNUUKFGYCNMUDKE[ENGNCPGUCPFRWDNKEVTCPUKVUVQRU r +PTWTCNCTGCUYJGTGVJGVTCKNWVKNK\GUVJGTQCFGZRCPFVJGUJQWNFGTYKFVJVQCEEQOOQFCVG E[ENKUVUJKMGTU

Promote walking and biking as mobility options to low-income and at-risk groups. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GXGNQRUCHGV[ECORCKIPUVTCKNWUGGFWECVKQPVQTCKUGCYCTGPGUUKORTQXGVTCKNWUCIG

Increase access to healthy foods and encourage physical activity. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r %QQTFKPCVGCPFEQRTQOQVGVJGNQECVKQPQHHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUPGCTVTCKNJGCFU

Safety 'PJCPEGVTCHƂEUCHGV[HQTCNNWUGTU 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 'PUWTGETQUUYCNMUCTGFGUKIPGFHQTCNNWUGTU r &GXGNQRETQUUYCNMUCVTQCFYC[UKP.KXKPIUVQPCPF/QPTQGEQWPVKGUVJCVETQUUVTCKNRQKPVU r 9JGTGRCVJUHQTRGFGUVTKCPUE[ENKUVUOWUVKPVGTUGEVYKVJVJGTQCFRNCEGETQUUKPIUVQKPETGCUG XKUKDKNKV[CPFENGCTN[OCTMETQUUYCNMUHQTOQVQTXGJKENGFTKXGTUVQKFGPVKH[ r #P#&#EQORNKCPVITCFGVTCKNUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPUJQWNFDGRTGUGPVCVCNNTQCFETQUUKPIU

Enhance personal safety within the Genesee Valley Greenway State Park. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 2TQXKFGCFGSWCVGYC[ƂPFKPIUKIPCIGCPFNKIJVKPI r +ORNGOGPVUQNCTNKIJVKPIKPJKIJWUGCTGCUPGCTYGNNVTCXGNGFTQCFUCPFRCTMKPINQVU r %TGCVGOKNGOCTMGTUGXGT[JCNHOKNGQPVJGVTCKN r 2TQXKFGKPHQTOCVKQPMKQUMUYKVJOCRUCVOCLQTVTCKNJGCFUVQIWKFGVTCKNWUGTU r +PFKECVGRTQZKOKV[VQOWPKEKRCNKVKGUKPENWFKPI21+UHCEKNKVKGUQPYC[ƂPFKPIUKIPCIG

6 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

Trail/road intersections are advertisements for trail and must be kept to a high standard. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 2CKPVICVGUTGIWNCTN[TGOQXGYGGFUHTQOIWCTFTCKNUTGRNCEGHCFGFUKIPUCPFTGOQXGITCHƂVK r 2TQXKFGpITCHƂVKYCNNUqQTQVJGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTETGCVKXGGZRTGUUKQPYJGTGITCHƂVKGZKUVU r (CEKNKVCVGGCU[YC[UVQTGRQTVITCHƂVKKNNGICNFWORKPIVQ0;52CTMU2QNKEGXKCVGZVOGUUCIKPIQT COQDKNGOQDKNGQRVKOK\GFCRRNKECVKQP Design road crossings to be safe and to mitigate pedestrian-bicyclist accidents. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GUKIPUKIPCIGETQUUYCNMUYKVJVTCHƂEECNOKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGVQNQYGTURGGFUOCMGOQVQTKUVU CYCTGQHRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVKPVGTUGEVKQPUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[ r 2TKQTKVK\GTQCFETQUUKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGGPJCPEGOGPVUCTQWPFKPVGTUGEVKQPUVJCVEWTTGPVN[JCXG KPEKFGPVUQHRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVCPFOQVQTXGJKENGCEEKFGPVU r &KUCNNQYEWTDUKFGRCTMKPIPGCTVTCKNKPVGTUGEVKQPUCPFRTQXKFGCFGSWCVGQHHTQCFRCTMKPI r 9QTMYKVJ0;5&16)QXGTPQToU6TCHƂE5CHGV[%QOOKVVGGVQGFWECVGOQVQTKUVUQPRGFGUVTKCP FKUOQWPVGFE[ENKUVUoTKIJVQHYC[NCYU

Social Cohesion Foster ownership and involvement in the Greenway. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GUKIPGPXKTQPOGPVUVJCVRTQOQVGHQTOCNCPFKPHQTOCNUQEKCNKPVGTCEVKQP • Involve those living around the Greenway in the planning process. r 7RFCVGVJGEQOOWPKV[QPCEVKXKVKGUCPFVTCKNOCKPVGPCPEG

Encourage better integration of community-outreach efforts. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GXGNQRCPPWCNUVCMGJQNFGTVQWEJRQKPVUYKVJ)TGGPYC[OCPCIKPIGPVKVKGU r 9QTMYKVJVJG0;5124*2CPF(1)8)VQETGCVGCPCPPWCNUVCMGJQNFGTOGGVKPIVQUVTGPIVJGP TGNCVKQPUJKRUCPFICVJGTHGGFDCEMQPVJG)TGGPYC[ r &GXGNQRUVTCVGIKEQRGTCVKQPCNRTQITCOOKPIRTQOQVKQPCNIWKFGNKPGUDCUGFQPUVCMGJQNFGT HGGFDCEMVQGPJCPEGQWVTGCEJGHHQTVUVQRTQURGEVKXGPGYVTCKNWUGTUQHVJG)TGGPYC[

Increase engagement with Greenway over the long-term. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 9QTMVQKPVGITCVGVJG)TGGPYC[KPVQNQECNTGIKQPCNEQORTGJGPUKXGCPFGEQPQOKERNCPU r (QEWUQPNQECNVQYPXKNNCIGRNCPPKPICPFFGXGNQROGPVYKVJKP.KXKPIUVQPCPF/QPTQGEQWPVKGU r +PVGITCVGQVJGTGEQNQIKECNJGTKVCIGVQWTKUORNCPPKPIQPCNQECNEQWPV[QTUVCVGNGXGN

7 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

Initiate surveys on an annual/bi-annual basis for trail users/non-users local to the Greenway. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU • Establish baseline data on trail users’ demographics. r 6TCEMOGFKCPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUQPVJG)TGGPYC[ r 7VKNK\GUWTXG[TGUWNVUVQKPHQTORQNKE[FGXGNQROGPVCPFKPXQNXGUVCMGJQNFGTU 0;52CTMU r 7VKNK\GEQNNGEVGFFCVCVQKPHQTOVTCKNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGOCKPVGPCPEGGPJCPEGOGPV

Increase programming/structured activities to draw low-income and at-risk groups. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r %QQTFKPCVGDKMGTKFGUCPFYCNMUYKVJCTGCEQOOWPKV[ITQWRU r 9QTMYKVJUEJQQNUVQQHHGTCHVGTUEJQQN[QWVJFGXGNQROGPVRTQITCOU r *QNFEQOOWPKV[GXGPVUCEVKXKVKGUCVVTCKNJWDUYKVJKPRTQZKOKV[VQRQRWNCVKQPEGPVGTUVQKPETGCUG use of the trail.

8 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 1 : Introduction The Genesee Valley Greenway

SECTION 1: Introduction +P#WIWUV%QOOQP)TQWPF*GCNVJCPFVJG)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN )6% LQKPVN[ RWTUWGFC/GOQTCPFWOQH7PFGTUVCPFKPI /Q7 VQGODCTMQPCPGHHQTVVQCFXCPEGJGCNVJ KPHQTOGFVTCPURQTVCVKQPFGEKUKQPOCMKPICETQUUVJG)GPGUGG(KPIGT.CMGUTGIKQP6JGRTQLGEV blended Common Ground Health’s mission to, “bring focus to community health issues via data analysis, community engagement and solution implementation” with GTC’s ongoing efforts “to maximize the contribution of the transportation system to the social and economic vitality of the Genesee-Finger Lakes region.” Regional experts gathered to assist in the guidance and shared learning for two Health Impact #UUGUUOGPVU *+#U 2GTVJG/Q7VJGƂTUVVCUMYKVJKPVJG#FXCPEKPI*GCNVJ+PHQTOGF6TCPURQTVCVKQP &GEKUKQP/CMKPIRTQLGEVYCUVQ Convene a steering committee with representatives of key stakeholders in regional transportation, health and planning to build knowledge of regional transportation-health linkages and help guide the project, including HIA Learning Collaborative participants and staff from the GTC, regional and municipal planning agencies, Monroe County Health Department and other organizations, as appropriate. Establish baseline understanding of where and how HIA has added value to transportation decision-making in other regions to inform subsequent project tasks. (QNNQYKPICTGXKGYQHRQUUKDNGRTQLGEVUVJG)8)CPF4QEJGUVGToU$KMG5JCTGRTQITCOYGTGUGNGEVGF for separate Health Impact Assessments. This report focuses on health disparities and outcomes QHVJG)8)5VCVG2CTMKPKVUPQTVJGTPOQUVOKNGRQTVKQPNQECVGFYKVJKP/QPTQGCPF.KXKPIUVQP EQWPVKGUYJKEJCTGKPFKECVGFKPVJGOCRUDGNQY%QPFWEVGFHTQOVQVJGCUUGUUOGPVKU VJGEWNOKPCVKQPQHGZVGPUKXGTGUGCTEJCPFCPCN[UKUCUYGNNCUIWKFCPEGCPFHGGFDCEMHTQOCYKFG CTTC[QHUVCMGJQNFGTUKPVJGTGCNOUQHEQOOWPKV[JGCNVJVTCPURQTVCVKQPRNCPPKPICPFEQOOWPKV[ engagement.

9 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 1 : Introduction The Genesee Valley Greenway

MONROE COUNTY

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10 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 1 : Introduction The Genesee Valley Greenway

LIVINGSTON COUNTY (1 of 2)

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11 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 1 : Introduction The Genesee Valley Greenway

LIVINGSTON COUNTY (2 of 2)

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12 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

SECTION 2: The Genesee Valley Greenway State Park and Health

2.1 THE GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY STATE PARK 6JG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM )8) KUCOKNGQRGPURCEGEQTTKFQTNQECVGFKP YGUVGTP0GY;QTMCPFQRGTCVGFD[VJG0;5124*26JGRCTMKPENWFGUCRWDNKEOWNVKWUGVTCKNCPF HGCVWTGUCXCTKGV[QHPCVWTCNCPFJKUVQTKETGUQWTEGU 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF *KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 6JG)TGGPYC[KUCTCKNUVQVTCKNUTGETGCVKQPEQTTKFQTCPFKVUHWNNOKNG UEQRGGZVGPFUPQTVJVQUQWVJHTQO4QEJGUVGTVQ%WDC0;YJKEJKUNQECVGFPGCTVJG0GY;QTM 2GPPU[NXCPKCDQTFGT 5GG#RRGPFKZ#HQTVJGOCR #pTCKNVTCKNqKUCOWNVKRWTRQUGRWDNKERCVJ RCXGFQTPCVWTCN ETGCVGFCNQPICPKPCEVKXGTCKNEQTTKFQT 5EJOKF 4CKNVTCKNUECPDGWUGFHQT DQVJTGETGCVKQPCNCPFVTCPURQTVCVKQPTGNCVGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ (NKPM%# CPFCTGOQUVQHVGP CESWKTGFQTDWKNVD[NQECNUVCVGQTHGFGTCNIQXGTPOGPVCIGPEKGU6JGUGVTCKNUCTGQHVGPOCPCIGFD[ RWDNKECIGPEKGUNCPFVTWUVUPQPRTQƂVUQTEQOOWPKV[HQWPFCVKQPU 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ 4CKNVTCKNUKPVJG75JCXGITQYPUWDUVCPVKCNN[KPVJGNCUV[GCTUHTQOCPGUVKOCVGFOKNGUKP VQOQTGVJCPOKNGUKPYKVJCFFKVKQPCNOKNGURQUUKDNG 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[

2.1.1 Park Components, History and Actors

Components 6JGTGCTGOQTGVJCPOKNGUQHVTCKNUKP0GY;QTM5VCVGCPFVJG)TGGPYC[KUQPGQHVJGNCTIGUV TGETGCVKQPCNCUUGVUKPVJGUVCVGCNQPIUKFGVJGOKNG.QPI2CVJCPFOQTGVJCPOKNGUQH #FKTQPFCEM2CTMVTCKNU 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP /QUVQHVJG)8)5VCVG2CTMEQPUKUVUQHVTCKNVJCVJCUDGGPEQPXGTVGFHTQOCJKUVQTKETCKNYC[DGF The trail is composed of a variety of surface conditions including a straight, level surface with cinders, gravel and mowed grass. The Greenway passes through woodlands, wetlands, river and UVTGCOXCNNG[UHCTONCPFUINCEKCNIQTIGUCPFJKUVQTKEXKNNCIGUKPVQYPUCETQUUƂXGEQWPVKGU /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP9[QOKPI#NNGICP[CPF%CVVCTCWIWUEQWPVKGU5KOKNCTVQQVJGTTCKNUVQVTCKNU EQPXGTUKQPUVJG)8)5VCVG2CTMRTQXKFGUQRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTRWDNKETGETGCVKQPCPFQHHTQCFNKPMCIGUVQ EQOOWPKVKGURCTMUQVJGTVTCKNUCPFCVVTCEVKQPUKPVJGTGIKQPKPENWFKPI.GVEJYQTVJ5VCVG2CTMYJKEJ CVVTCEVUOQTGVJCPXKUKVQTUQTOQTGGCEJ[GCT 5RGEVQTCPF4KDCEM 2TGUGPVN[OKNGU QHVJG)8)5VCVG2CTMCTGQRGPVQVJGRWDNKEKP.KXKPIUVQPCPF/QPTQGEQWPVKGUtOKNGUDGVYGGP Rochester and the Livingston County village of Mt. Morris and another 10 miles in the Livingston %QWPV[VQYPUQH0WPFCCPF2QTVCIG 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE 2TGUGTXCVKQP

Genesee Valley Greenway State Park Management Plan #FQRVGFKPVJG)8)5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGOGPV2NCPRTQXKFGUNQPIVGTOFKTGEVKQPHQTVJG OCPCIGOGPVCPFWUGQHVJG)8)6JGRNCPCFFTGUUGUVJGGPVKTGNGPIVJQHVJG)TGGPYC[CPF TGEQOOGPFUUGXGTCNMG[OCPCIGOGPVUVTCVGIKGUVQGPJCPEGVJGTGETGCVKQPCPFGEQPQOKEDGPGƂVU for the public and local communities; further develop the Greenway as an alternative transportation

13 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

EQTTKFQTRTGUGTXGRJ[UKECNNKPMUDGVYGGPGEQNQIKECNEQOOWPKVKGUCPFGPXKTQPOGPVCNRTQVGEVKQPCPF RTGUGTXGJKUVQTKECPFEWNVWTCNTGUQWTEGUHQWPFVJTQWIJQWVVJGVTCKNCPFRCTM 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH 2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP #EEQTFKPIVQVJGRNCP0GY;QTMoUUVCVGYKFGVTCKNUU[UVGOKUGPXKUKQPGFCUCPKPVGTEQPPGEVGFpYQTNF ENCUUqPGVYQTMQHVTCKNUFGUKIPGFKPRCTVVQDGUWUVCKPCDNGRTQXKFGCYKFGCTTC[QHTGETGCVKQPCN QRRQTVWPKVKGUEQPPGEVRCTMUHQTGUVUQRGPURCEGUJKUVQTKECPFEWNVWTCNUKVGUYKVJRWDNKEHCEKNKVKGU communities and neighborhoods; and attract economic opportunities while providing for alternative OGCPUQHVTCPURQTVCVKQP6JGRNCPCNUQURGEKƂECNN[UVCVGUCIQCNVQpRTQOQVGVJGJGCNVJCPFYGNN DGKPIQHUVCVGTGUKFGPVUqCPFQVJGTYKUGGPJCPEGSWCNKV[QHNKHGHQTTGUKFGPVUCPFXKUKVQTUCETQUU0GY ;QTM5VCVG6JGFQEWOGPVEQPENWFGUVJCVVTCKNUpCTGIQQFHQTVJGGPXKTQPOGPVIQQFHQTJGCNVJIQQF HQTVJGGEQPQO[CPFJGNRKORTQXGVJGSWCNKV[QHNKHGKPGXGT[EQOOWPKV[q 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH 2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP

Genesee-Susquehanna Greenway #PQVJGTMG[)8)EQORQPGPVKUKVURQVGPVKCNVQDGCTGIKQPCNFGUVKPCVKQPD[ETGCVKPICPKPVGTUVCVG VTCKNU[UVGO-PQYPCUVJG)GPGUGG5WUSWGJCPPC)TGGPYC[QT6TKRNG&KXKFG6TCKNVJKURQVGPVKCN GZVGPUKQPYQWNFURCPOKNGUPQTVJCNQPIVJG)GPGUGG4KXGTCPF2KPG%TGGMVQ.CMG1PVCTKQKP 4QEJGUVGT0;CPFCUHCTUQWVJCUVQVJG5WUSWGJCPPC4KXGTKP9KNNKCOURQTV2C6JG)GPGUGG 5WUSWGJCPPC)TGGPYC[UKPVGTEQPPGEVKXKV[VQ4QEJGUVGTYCUCNUQEKVGFKPVJG)6%.QPI4CPIG 6TCPURQTVCVKQP2NCPCUJCXKPIRQVGPVKCNRQUKVKXGGEQPQOKEKORCEVDCUGFQPVJGCPPWCN GUVKOCVGUQH2GPPU[NXCPKCoU)TGCV#NNGIJGP[2CUUCIG6TCKN5[UVGOYJKEJKUTGEQTFGFCUGZEGGFKPI OKNNKQPKPCPPWCNGEQPQOKEKORCEV )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN +PVJG)GPGUGG 4KXGT9KNFUITQWRFGUKIPGFCUVTCVGIKERNCPVJCVYQWNFNKPMVJG)8)YKVJVJG2KPG%TGGM6TCKNKP 2GPPU[NXCPKCNKPMKPIVJTGGKORQTVCPVRCTMUKPVJGTGIKQP.GVEJYQTVJ5VCVG2CTM#NNGICP[5VCVG2CTM CPFVJGUVCVGRCTMUCPFUVCVGHQTGUVUVJCVHQTOVJG2KPG%TGGM)QTIG )GPGUGG4KXGT9KNFU #EEQTFKPIVQVJGUVTCVGIKERNCPVJGVTCKNYQWNFCVVTCEVJKMGTUDKE[ENKUVUECPQGCPFMC[CMGPVJWUKCUVU CPFOQTG -GTMGUNCIGT

History 9JKNGVJG)8)oUJKUVQT[CUCRWDNKECOGPKV[KUTGNCVKXGN[TGEGPVKVUVTCPUHQTOCVKQPCUCTCKNUVQVTCKNU RTQLGEVDGICPFWGVQKVUTQWVGCNQPIVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[%CPCN CPFVJG2GPPU[NXCPKC 4CKNTQCF4QEJGUVGT$TCPEJ 6JG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[YCUHQTOGFVJTQWIJ CWPKSWGVJTGGYC[RCTVPGTUJKRKPVJCVEQPUKUVGFQHVJG0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH 'PXKTQPOGPVCN%QPUGTXCVKQP &'% 1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 124*2 CPF(TKGPFUQHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ (1)8) 6JG(1)8)&'%CPF124*2YGTG CYCTFGFPGCTN[OKNNKQPKP+PVGTOQFCN5WTHCEG6TCPURQTVCVKQP'HƂEKGPE[#EV +56'# HWPFUHQT)8) development. ISTEA funding for trail development was sought only for Monroe and Livingston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

14 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

of brush and other encroaching vegetation, installation of gates and informational and directional UKIPCIGTGRCKTCPFTGRNCEGOGPVQHEWNXGTVUTGRCKTQHVTCKNUWTHCEGUVCDKNK\CVKQPCPFTGRCKTQHJKUVQTKE EWNXGTVUCPFFGXGNQROGPVQHRCTMKPICTGCU 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE 2TGUGTXCVKQP

Actors The following entities have historically been responsible for the operation, management and OCKPVGPCPEGQHVJG)8) 1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 124*2 CUQYPGTQHVJGNCPFCPFKPKVUTQNG CUTGRTGUGPVKPIVJGYGNHCTGQHVJGRGQRNGQHVJGUVCVGQH0GY;QTM124*2oUEQTGTGURQPUKDKNKV[KUHQT the operation and management of the Greenway, including the trail and all the resources associated YKVJKVVJTQWIJQWVVJGEQTTKFQT124*2GPVGTUKPVQCITGGOGPVUYKVJXQNWPVGGTQTICPK\CVKQPUNQECN IQXGTPOGPVUUVCVGCIGPEKGUCPFQVJGTUYJQCTGKPVGTGUVGFKPCUUKUVKPIYKVJURGEKƂEOCPCIGOGPV CEVKXKVKGUUWEJCUCFQRVKQPQHVTCKNUGEVKQPUVTCKNCODCUUCFQTCEVKXKVKGUGPHQTEGOGPVCPF OCKPVGPCPEGCEVKXKVKGU 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 6JG(TKGPFUQHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ (1)8) JCUDGGPRCTVQHRNCPPKPIHQTVJG)8) UKPEGVJGGCTN[U6JGITQWRYCUKPENWFGFKPCRCTVPGTUJKRYKVJ&'%CPF124*2VJCVGPFGF KPYJGP&'%VTCPUHGTTGFLWTKUFKEVKQPQHVJGKTNCPFUVQ124*25KPEGVJCVVKOG124*2CPF (1)8)JCXGGPVGTGFKPVQC/GOQTCPFWOQH#ITGGOGPVQWVNKPKPIVJGKTTGNCVKQPUJKRCPFVJGXCTKQWU responsibilities assigned. (1)8)oUOKUUKQPKUVQFGXGNQROCKPVCKPCPFKPVGTRTGVVJG)8)5VCVG2CTMCUCOWNVKWUGVTCKNCPF JKUVQTKECPFPCVWTCNTGUQWTEGEQTTKFQTDGVYGGPVJG'TKG%CPCNYC[6TCKNKP4QEJGUVGTCPF%WDC0; 6JGQTICPK\CVKQPoUGHHQTVUCTGFGXQVGFVQGUVCDNKUJKPICFFKVKQPCNOKNGUCPFOCKPVCKPKPIGZKUVKPIOKNGU of the trail, preserving and interpreting historic and natural resources along the Greenway corridor, and developing communications, programs, activities and community partnerships that continue VQUVKOWNCVGVJGWUGCPFGPLQ[OGPVQHVJG)TGGPYC[D[DQVJTGUKFGPVUKPCPFXKUKVQTUVQ0GY;QTM state. 6JG0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH'PXKTQPOGPVCN%QPUGTXCVKQP &'% ETGCVGFKPVJG&'% combined all NYS programs designed to protect and enhance the environment into a single agency. +VUOKUUKQPKUVQEQPUGTXGKORTQXGCPFRTQVGEV0GY;QTMoUPCVWTCNTGUQWTEGUCPFGPXKTQPOGPVCPF to prevent, abate and control water, land and air pollution, in order to enhance the health, safety CPFYGNHCTGQHVJGRGQRNGQHVJGUVCVGCPFVJGKTQXGTCNNGEQPQOKECPFUQEKCNYGNNDGKPI6JG&'% OCPCIGFVJG)8)HTQOWPVKNKVYCUVTCPUHGTTGFVQVJG124*2KP

2.2 WHAT IS HEALTH? #EEQTFKPIVQVJG9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPJGCNVJKUCUVCVGQHEQORNGVGRJ[UKECNOGPVCNCPFUQEKCN YGNNDGKPICPFPQVOGTGN[VJGCDUGPEGQHFKUGCUGQTKPƂTOKV[ 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP (QT VJGRWTRQUGQHVJKUTGRQTVYGCTGWVKNK\KPIVJG9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPoUFGƂPKVKQPQHJGCNVJYJKNG CNUQFGƂPKPIRCTCOGVGTUQHVJGUQEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJVJCVQEEWTYKVJKPVJGDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPV CPFCTGTGNGXCPVVQVJKURTQLGEV6JGUQEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJCTGVJGEQPFKVKQPUKPYJKEJRGQRNG CTGDQTPITQYNKXGYQTMCPFCIG 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP

15 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

#EEQTFKPIVQ*GCNVJ[2GQRNGJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUCTGFGƂPGFVJTQWIJƂXGMG[UGEVQTUYJKEJ KPENWFGRQNKE[OCMKPIUQEKCNHCEVQTUJGCNVJUGTXKEGUKPFKXKFWCNDGJCXKQTCPFDKQNQI[CPFIGPGVKEU 7PKVGF5VCVGU1HƂEGQH&KUGCUG2TGXGPVKQPCPF*GCNVJ2TQOQVKQP To broadly understand the HIA’s goals, it is important to better understand the values that guide the process and how social determinants affect health outcomes. The International Association of Impact #UUGUUOGPVJCUKFGPVKƂGFVJGIWKFKPIXCNWGUHQT*+#6JG)8)*+#UGGMUVQKPVGITCVGGCEJQHVJGUG guiding values throughout this assessment and to report on the social determinants that may impact JGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUCPFNGCFVQITGCVGTJGCNVJQWVEQOGU'CEJQHVJGIWKFKPIXCNWGUKUFGƂPGF DGNQY Democracys2GQRNGJCXGVJGTKIJVVQRCTVKEKRCVGKPVJGHQTOWNCVKQPCPFFGEKUKQPUQHRTQRQUCNUVJCV CHHGEVVJGKTNKHGDQVJFKTGEVN[CPFVJTQWIJGNGEVGFFGEKUKQPOCMGTU+PCFJGTKPIVQVJKUXCNWGVJG*+# OGVJQFUJQWNFKPXQNXGVJGRWDNKECPFKPHQTOCPFKPƃWGPEGFGEKUKQPOCMGTU#FKUVKPEVKQPUJQWNF DGOCFGDGVYGGPVJQUGYJQVCMGTKUMUXQNWPVCTKN[CPFVJQUGYJQCTGGZRQUGFVQTKUMUKPXQNWPVCTKN[ 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP Equitys6JGFGUKTGVQTGFWEGKPGSWKVKGUVJCVTGUWNVHTQOCXQKFCDNGFKHHGTGPEGUKPJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVU CPFQTJGCNVJUVCVWUYKVJKPCPFDGVYGGPFKHHGTGPVRQRWNCVKQPITQWRU+PCFJGTKPIVQVJKUXCNWGCP *+#UJQWNFEQPUKFGTVJGFKUVTKDWVKQPQHJGCNVJKORCEVUCETQUUVJGRQRWNCVKQPtRC[KPIURGEKƂE CVVGPVKQPVQXWNPGTCDNGITQWRUtCPFTGEQOOGPFYC[UVQKORTQXGVJGRTQRQUGFFGXGNQROGPVHQT affected groups. Ethical use of evidences6TCPURCTGPVCPFTKIQTQWURTQEGUUGUCTGWUGFVQU[PVJGUK\GCPFKPVGTRTGV GXKFGPEG$GUVCXCKNCDNGGXKFGPEGHTQOFKHHGTGPVFKUEKRNKPGUCPFOGVJQFQNQIKGUKUWVKNK\GFCNN evidence is valued and recommendations are developed impartially. In adhering to this value, the *+#OGVJQFUJQWNFWUGGXKFGPEGVQLWFIGKORCEVUCPFKPHQTOTGEQOOGPFCVKQPU+VUJQWNFPQVUGV out to support or refute any proposal; it should be rigorous and transparent. Comprehensive approach to health s2J[UKECNOGPVCNCPFUQEKCNYGNNDGKPIKUFGVGTOKPGFD[ CDTQCFTCPIGQHHCEVQTUHTQOCNNUGEVQTUQHUQEKGV[ MPQYPCUVJGYKFGTFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJ In adhering to this value, the HIA method should be guided by the wider determinants of health *WOCP+ORCEV2CTVPGTU

2.3 HOW MIGHT THE GREENWAY IMPACT HEALTH? 6JG)8)TGRTGUGPVUOQTGVJCPOKNGUQHCOWNVKWUGVTCKNU[UVGOCETQUU0GY;QTM5VCVGVJGXCUV OCLQTKV[QHYJKEJKPXQNXGUNQPIUGIOGPVUKPPCVWTCNEQTTKFQTU6JG)TGGPYC[oUCEVKXKVKGUHQEWUQP TGETGCVKQPCNQRRQTVWPKVKGUVJCVKPENWFGJKMKPIYCNMKPIDKMKPIETQUUEQWPVT[UMKKPIUPQYUJQGKPICPF

16 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

more. As with all forms of active transportation, increased and enhanced physical activity may lead VQKORTQXGFJGCNVJQWVEQOGU6JKU*+#UGGMUVQUVWF[CXCTKGV[QHJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUCPFGZCOKPG VJGNKPMCIGUVQKORTQXGFJGCNVJYJKNGCNUQCUUGUUKPIYJCVJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUOC[GZKUVQTCTGDGKPI ECWUGFD[RTGUGPVEQPFKVKQPUUWEJCUVTCKNUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPUUCHGTQCFETQUUKPIUQHVJGVTCKNCPFVJG usage of vulnerable populations and their access to engaging the Greenway’s northernmost 50 miles. +PCFFKVKQPVQRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[JGCNVJDGPGƂVUVJG)TGGPYC[OC[CNUQDGCDNGVQKORTQXGOGPVCN JGCNVJVJTQWIJCXCTKGV[QHYC[UKPENWFKPIVJGRU[EJQNQIKECNDGPGƂVUQHDGKPIKPPCVWTGCPFVJG DWKNFKPIQHEQOOWPKV[VJTQWIJVTCKNRTQITCOOKPI*QYVJG)8)KUUCHGN[CEEGUUGFYKNNCNUQDG further examined throughout the scope of this HIA, while also referencing documented health KORCEVUQHQVJGTTCKNUVQVTCKNUCPFITGGPYC[U

2.4 WHAT IS A HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT? #UFGƂPGFD[VJG0CVKQPCN4GUGCTEJ%QWPEKNp*+#KUCU[UVGOCVKERTQEGUUVJCVWUGUCPCTTC[QHFCVC UQWTEGUCPFCPCN[VKEOGVJQFUCPFEQPUKFGTUKPRWVHTQOUVCMGJQNFGTUVQFGVGTOKPGVJGRQVGPVKCN GHHGEVUQHCRTQRQUGFRQNKE[RNCPRTQITCOQTRTQLGEVQPVJGJGCNVJQHCRQRWNCVKQPCPFVJG distribution of those effects within the population. HIA provides recommendations on monitoring CPFOCPCIKPIVJQUGGHHGEVUq 0CVKQPCN4GUGCTEJ%QWPEKNQHVJG0CVKQPCN#ECFGOKGU %WTTGPVN[CEEQTFKPIVQVJG*GCNVJ+ORCEV2TQLGEVVJGTGCTGPGCTN[EQORNGVGFQTEWTTGPVN[KP RTQITGUU*+#UCETQUUVJG75CFFTGUUKPINQECNEQWPV[UVCVGCPFHGFGTCNRTQLGEVU*+#UGXCNWCVGC vast variety of topics impacting the built environment including transportation, land use, physical CEVKXKV[CPFOQTG 6JG2'9%JCTKVCDNG6TWUVU +P0GY;QTMUVCVGYGCTGCYCTGQHQPN[VJTGG EQORNGVGF*+#UVYQQHYJKEJJCXGDGGPRWDNKUJGFVQVJG*GCNVJ+ORCEV2TQLGEVYGDUKVGKPENWFKPI one studying access to waterways here in Rochester, N.Y. 6JGUKZUVGRUQHCP*+#CTGKNNWUVTCVGFCPFUWOOCTK\GFDGNQYDWVCNUQCRRGCTKPVJKUTGRQTVCUC UGEVKQPD[UGEVKQPIWKFGVQKNNWUVTCVGJQYGCEJUVGRYCUCRRNKGFVQVJG)8)*+#

r 5ETGGPKPI&GVGTOKPGYJGVJGTCP*+#KU `iÌwiÃÌ i `iÌwiÃ PGGFGFCPFNKMGN[VQDGWUGHWN feasability issues for 1 of HIA 2 the study r 5EQRKPI+PEQPUWNVCVKQPYKVJ SCREENING SCOPING UVCMGJQNFGTUFGXGNQRCRNCPHQTVJG*+# KPENWFKPIVJGKFGPVKƂECVKQPQHRQVGPVKCN JGCNVJTKUMUCPFDGPGƂVU

`iÌwiÃ success & MONITORING Assesses r #UUGUUOGPV&GUETKDGVJGDCUGNKPGJGCNVJ health 6 areas for & ASSESSMENT of affected communities and assess the improvement EVALUATION STEPS OF HIA 3 impacts potential impacts of the decision. r 4GEQOOGPFCVKQPU&GXGNQRRTCEVKECN

REPORTING RECOMMENDATIONS solutions that can be implemented within the political, economic or technical

Communicates Suggests NKOKVCVKQPUQHVJGRTQLGEVQTRQNKE[DGKPI results options or assessed. 5 4 alternatives r 4GRQTVKPI&KUUGOKPCVGVJGƂPFKPIUVQ

&KCITCOEQWTVGU[QH-CPUCU*GCNVJ+PUVKVWVGCPF2'9%JCTKVCDNG6TWUVU FGEKUKQPOCMGTUCHHGEVGFEQOOWPKVKGU CPFQVJGTUVCMGJQNFGTU r /QPKVQTKPICPF'XCNWCVKQP/QPKVQT VJGEJCPIGUKPJGCNVJQTTKUMHCEVQTUCPF GXCNWCVGVJGGHƂECE[QHOGCUWTGUVJCVCTG implemented and the HIA process as a YJQNG 2'9%JCTKVCDNG6TWUVU 17 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 2 : State Park and Health The Genesee Valley Greenway

2.5 WHY CONDUCT THE GVG HIA? 9JGPUGNGEVKPIVJKURTQLGEVHQTC*+#VJGUVGGTKPIEQOOKVVGGEQPUKFGTGFVJCVCP*+#QPVJG)8) QT CRQTVKQPQHVJG)8) OC[NGCFVQCDTQCFGTWPFGTUVCPFKPIQHVJGRQRWNCVKQPVJCVWVKNK\GUVJGVTCKN+V YCUCEMPQYNGFIGFVJCVVJG*+#EQWNFNGCFVQUVTCVGIKETGEQOOGPFCVKQPUCPFCEVKQPUVJCVEQWNFDG KORNGOGPVGFQPVJG)8)CPFYKVJKPUWTTQWPFKPIEQOOWPKVKGUYJKEJEQWNFHQUVGTKORTQXGFJGCNVJ QWVEQOGUCPFJGNRVQQXGTEQOGKFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUKPVJGTGIKQP +PCDTQCFGTEQPVGZVFWTKPIVJGEQWTUGQHVJKURTQLGEVYGDGECOGCYCTGVJCVHWPFKPIHQT0;52CTMU KURCTVKCNN[DCUGFQPRCTMCFOKUUKQPUCURCTMUVJCVFGOQPUVTCVGVJGITGCVGUVCVVGPFCPEGIGPGTCNN[ TGEGKXGJKIJGTNGXGNUQHHWPFKPI#UVJG)TGGPYC[FQGUPQVEWTTGPVN[CPFJCUPGXGTTGSWKTGFQT CEEGRVGFCFOKUUKQPHGGUKVECPPQVGCUKN[VTCEMVJGPWODGTQHRCVTQPUQTIGPGTCVGTGXGPWGKPVJG UCOGECRCEKV[VJCVQVJGT0;5RCTMUCTGCDNGVQ6JKURTGUGPVUCEJCNNGPIGHQTOCMKPIVJGECUGHQTC NGXGNQHHWPFKPIUWHƂEKGPVVQGPUWTGVJG)TGGPYC[oUNQPIVGTOFGXGNQROGPVCPFQRGTCVKQP 6JKU)8)*+#YKNNJGNRVQFGƂPGQVJGTYC[UDG[QPFVTCFKVKQPCNGEQPQOKEKORCEVECNEWNCVKQPUVJCV VJG)TGGPYC[DGPGƂVU0;52CTMUCPFGURGEKCNN[VJGJGCNVJCPFUCHGV[QHKVUUWTTQWPFKPIRQRWNCVKQP +PEQPFWEVKPIVJKUCUUGUUOGPVCPGYQRRQTVWPKV[GZKUVUVQNGCTPOQTGCDQWVVJGOCMGWRQHVJG community affected by the Greenway, which may lead to strategic recommendations that will impact KVUHWVWTGGPJCPEGOGPVCRRGCNUCHGV[CPFXKCDKNKV[6JGCUUGUUOGPVCNUQUGGMUVQKFGPVKH[OQPKVQTKPI and evaluation protocols to better capture data and trends that may lead to better promotion and integration of the Greenway on its proximate population centers. 6JTQWIJQWVVJKU*+#oUUEQRKPIRTQEGUUVJGUVGGTKPIEQOOKVVGGJGNRGFVQKFGPVKH[CPFRTKQTKVK\G potential health determinants that could lead to improved health outcomes and help to mitigate JGCNVJFKURCTKVKGU6JQUGJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUJCXGDGGPCPCN[\GFCPFVJGTGUWNVUQHVJGKTUVWF[CTG discussed in greater detail in the following sections of this report.

18 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 3 : Methodology The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 3: GVG HIA Methodology

3.1 HIA PROJECT TEAM 6JG*+#2TQLGEV6GCOEQPUKUVGFQHHQWT%QOOQP)TQWPF*GCNVJUVCHHOGODGTU Albert Blankleys&KTGEVQTQH4GUGCTEJCPF#PCN[VKEU Benjamin Woelks*GCNVJCPF%QOOWPKV[+PHTCUVTWEVWTG#PCN[UV Deidre Reids*GCNVJ2NCPPKPI4GUGCTEJ#PCN[UV Kathi Lynchs*GCNVJ2NCPPKPI4GUGCTEJ#PCN[UV

3.2 STEERING COMMITTEE A steering committee was established with experts from across Monroe and Livingston counties and the city of Rochester to assist in the guidance and shared learning of this HIA. Members included planners, community advocates, representatives from higher education, authors of previous HIAs, CPFVTCPURQTVCVKQPGZRGTVU/GODGTUJKRQHVJGEQOOKVVGGKUNKUVGFDGNQY Angela Ellis2NCPPKPI&KTGEVQT.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[ Erik Frisch#EVKXG6TCPURQTVCVKQP5RGEKCNKUV%KV[QH4QEJGUVGT Fran Gotcsiks5GPKQT%QPUWNVCPV2CTMUCPF6TCKNU0GY;QTM Jody Binnix2TQITCO/CPCIGT)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN Katrina Korfmacher, Ph.D.&KTGEVQTQH%QOOWPKV[1WVTGCEJ'PXKTQPOGPVCN*GCNVJ5EKGPEGU %GPVGT7PKXGTUKV[QH4QEJGUVGT/GFKECN%GPVGT Kristine Uribe5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGT)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM Rochelle Bell'PXKTQPOGPVCN2NCPPGT/QPTQG%QWPV[ Theresa Bowick, R.Ns%TWKUG%CRVCKP%QPMG[%TWKUGTU

3.3 SCREENING As noted earlier, the purpose of screening is to determine the value and feasibility of HIA in a RCTVKEWNCTFGEKUKQPOCMKPIEQPVGZV5ETGGPKPIUVCTVUYKVJVJGKFGPVKƂECVKQPQHCURGEKƂ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ƂVUCPFCPQXGTCNNTGIKQPCNFGOQITCRJKERTQƂNGQHCEVWCNCPFRQVGPVKCNVTCKNWUGTUJCFPQVDGGP conducted in a widespread or systematic way.

19 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 3 : Methodology The Genesee Valley Greenway

3.4 SCOPING

2CTCOGVGTUQHVJG#UUGUUOGPV 8KUKQP5VWF[#TGC

Vision 6QQDVCKPUVCMGJQNFGTHGGFDCEMQPCTCPIGQHUQEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJCFGVCKNGFUEQRKPI GZGTEKUGYCUEQPFWEVGFYKVJVJGUVGGTKPIEQOOKVVGG#JCNHFC[YQTMUJQRYCUEQPFWEVGFCV %QOOQP)TQWPF*GCNVJVJCVNGFVQVJTGGRTKQTKVK\GFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUDGKPIKFGPVKƂGFHQTHWVWTG CUUGUUOGPVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CEEGUUCPFKPHTCUVTWEVWTGCPFUCHGV[#HVGTHQNNQYWREQPXGTUCVKQPUYKVJ VJG)8)5VCVG2CTMCPF(1)8)UQEKCNEQJGUKQPYCUKPEQTRQTCVGFKPVQVJG)TGGPYC[CPCN[UKU

Study Area & Demographics +PCFFKVKQPVQVJGRTKQTKVK\GFJGCVJFGVGTOKPCPVUKVYCUFGVGTOKPGFVJCVVJKU*+#UJQWNFHQEWUQPVJG PQTVJGTPOQUVOKNGRQTVKQPQHVJG)8)URGEKƂECNN[/QPTQGCPF.KXKPIUVQPEQWPVKGU6JGFGEKUKQP QHVJGUVWF[CTGCYCUDCUGFQPUGXGTCNHCEVQTUKPENWFKPICFGUKTGVQHQEWUQPVJG)8)oUOQUV populated segment, issues with territory outside of the GTC’s municipal planning boundaries, and EQPEGTPUCDQWVVJGRTQLGEVVKOGNKPGCPFGZRCPFGFUEQRGKHVJGUVWF[YGTGVQKPENWFGCNNOKNGUQH the trail. #UCDCUGNKPGYGJCXGKPENWFGFVJGFGOQITCRJKERTQƂNGUQHGCEJVCTIGVEQWPV[VQKFGPVKH[ the nature of the populations living in those counties and to further examine where vulnerable populations may be present within communities near the Greenway. By furthering examining the local population we may better understand potential barriers to health and overall access to the )TGGPYC[6JGNKVGTCVWTGKPVJKUTGRQTVNKPMUNQYUQEKQGEQPQOKEUVCVWUCUCDCTTKGTVQDQVJRJ[UKECN and mental health outcomes and cites that disadvantaged populations may include women and OKPQTKVKGU(WTVJGTCPCN[UKUCPFNKVGTCVWTGQPGSWKVCDNGCEEGUUOC[DGHQWPFVJTQWIJQWVVJG RTKQTKVK\GFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUGEVKQPUQHVJKUTGRQTV

20 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 3 : Methodology The Genesee Valley Greenway

TABLE 1 MONROE LIVINGSTON 2QRWNCVKQP 750000 65000 White 71% 91% $NCEM 15% 2% *KURCPKE.CVKPQ 8% 3% Asian 5% 1% Other 1% 3% Married Couples 43% 50% 5KPING*GCFUQH*QWUGJQNFU /QT( 18% 15% Female head of household 14% 12% 0QP(COKN[ 39% 35% WPFGT[TUYKVJCFKUCDKNKV[ 9% 9% % living below poverty Line 15% 13% % seniors living below poverty line 7% 7% % food insecure in previous 12 mos 22% 25%

6CDNG2QRWNCVKQP/QPTQGCPF.KXKPIUVQP%QWPVKGU %GPUWU$WTGCW[GCTGUVKOCVG$4(55

Within each county, there are also differences in the populations in the communities through which VJG)8)RCUUGU6CDNGDGNQYKNNWUVTCVGUCHGYQHVJQUGFKHHGTGPEGU

ROCHESTER SCOTTSVILLE PIFFARD MT MORRIS TABLE 2 14611 14546 14533 14510 2QRWNCVKQP 17340 5005 1828 4778 White 24% 86% 95% 92% $NCEM 64% 11% 0% 3% *KURCPKE.CVKPQ 13% 4% 0% 0% Asian 1% 1% 1% 0% Other 5% 0% 4% 5% Married Couples 15% 48% 49% 42% Single Heads of 42% 17% 14% 23% *QWUGJQNFU /QT( Female head of 33% 14% 14% 19% household 0QP(COKN[ 43% 35% 37% 35% % living below 42% 8% 3% 20% poverty Line % seniors living 13% 6% 3% 16% below poverty line

6CDNG2QRWNCVKQPVJTQWIJQWVVJG)8) %GPUWU$WTGCW[GCTGUVKOCVG$4(55

21 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 3 : Methodology The Genesee Valley Greenway

3.4.2 Affected and Most Vulnerable Populations 'SWKV[YCURTGXKQWUN[KFGPVKƂGFCUDGKPIQPGQHVJGƂXGIWKFKPIXCNWGUQH*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV and a primary goal for this report is to be considerate of those populations that may fall into categories of increased health disparities. This HIA integrates data that assists in helping to identify who the most affected and vulnerable populations among the northern portion of the Greenway OC[DGVCMKPIKPVQEQPUKFGTCVKQPJQWUGJQNFKPEQOGUOKPQTKV[RQRWNCVKQPUCPFFKURCTCVGJGCNVJ QWVEQOGU6JQUGRQRWNCVKQPUCTGKFGPVKƂGFCPFEKVGFYKVJKPVJGUEQRGQHVJKUTGRQTVKPCPGHHQTVVQ determine strategies and develop recommendations that may lead to increased engagement and an overall improvement of health outcomes.

+FGPVKƂECVKQPQHMG[KUUWGU (QWTJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUYGTGRTKQTKVK\GFCPFUGNGEVGFHQTHWTVJGTCPCN[UKUVQCUUGUUVJGRQVGPVKCN health disparities that may currently exist and for the exploration to reach improved health QWVEQOGU6JGJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUUGNGEVGFCTG r 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ • Access and Infrastructure • Safety • Social Cohesion

22 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 4 : Physical Activity The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 4: Physical Activity

4.1 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH LITERATURE REVIEW 6JG9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP 9*1 FGƂPGURJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CUpCP[DQFKN[OQXGOGPVRTQFWEGF D[UMGNGVCNOWUENGUVJCVTGSWKTGUGPGTI[GZRGPFKVWTGq6QRTGXGPVEJTQPKEFKUGCUGCPFTGOCKP pUWHƂEKGPVN[CEVKXGqVJG9*1TGEQOOGPFUVJCVCFWNVUUJQWNFFQCVNGCUVOKPWVGUQHOQFGTCVG KPVGPUKV[RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ YCNMKPIE[ENKPICPFURQTVU GXGT[YGGMQTOKPWVGUQHXKIQTQWUKPVGPUKV[ CEVKXKV[ GZGTEKUG #DCNCPEGFEQODKPCVKQPQHOQFGTCVGVQXKIQTQWUKPVGPUKV[RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ECP CNUQUWHƂEGVQTGCEJVJGTGEQOOGPFNGXGNU 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP 2J[UKECNCEVKXKV[JCUUKIPKƂECPVJGCNVJDGPGƂVUCPFEQPVTKDWVGUVQYCTFUVJGRTGXGPVKQPQHPQP EQOOWPKECDNGFKUGCUGUKPENWFKPITGFWEKPIVJGTKUMQHJ[RGTVGPUKQPEQTQPCT[JGCTVFKUGCUG UVTQMGFKCDGVGUCPFXCTKQWUV[RGUQHECPEGT2J[UKECNCEVKXKV[OC[CNUQTGFWEGFGRTGUUKQP4GIWNCT RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KUDGPGƂEKCNVQRGQRNGQHCNNCIGUCPFDCEMITQWPFUJCXKPIRQUKVKXGGHHGEVUQP JGCNVJNQPIGXKV[CPFSWCNKV[QHNKHG 7PKVGF5VCVGU&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJCPF*WOCP4GUQWTEGU 2J[UKECNCEVKXKV[JCUCNUQDGGPHQWPFVQKORTQXGUGNHKOCIGUGNHGUVGGORJ[UKECNCPFOGPVCN YGNNPGUUCPFQXGTCNNJGCNVJ 4QUU 1PN[RGTEGPVQHCNNCFWNVUTGCEJTGEQOOGPFGFRJ[UKECN activity levels across the nation. Where achieving the recommended amount of physical activity ECPNGCFVQRQUKVKXGJGCNVJQWVEQOGUKPUWHƂEKGPVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ECPNGCFVQUKIPKƂECPVJGCNVJ FKURCTKVKGUYJKEJKPENWFGECTFKQXCUEWNCTFKUGCUGUECPEGTUFKCDGVGUCPFFGRTGUUKQP *CPF[ 1PGKPVJTGGCFWNVU RGTEGPV CTGQDGUG %GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQP #NCEM QHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KUQPGQHVJGNGCFKPITKUMHCEVQTUHQTFGCVJKPCFWNVU CIGU YQTNFYKFG2GQRNG YJQFQPQVTGCEJVJGRTQRGTTGEQOOGPFGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUJCXGCVQRGTEGPVKPETGCUGF TKUMQHFGCVJEQORCTGFVQVJQUGRGQRNGYJQCTGUWHƂEKGPVN[CEVKXG 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP *GTGKPVJG75KVKUGUVKOCVGFVJCVRGTEGPVQHVJGCFWNVRQRWNCVKQPKUCVTKUMHQTFKUGCUGU CUUQEKCVGFYKVJCNCEMQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ 0CVKQPCN+PUVKVWVGQP#IKPI How traditional versus active transportation leads to chronic disease was studied in San Francisco in a report that documented that each hour spent in a car per day was associated with a six percent KPETGCUGKPVJGTKUMQHDGEQOKPIQDGUG*QYGXGTHQTGCEJMKNQOGVGTYCNMGFCRGTEGPVTGFWEVKQP QHVJGTKUMQHDGKPIQDGUGYCUTGEQTFGF -KVCOWTC/QMJCTKCPCPF.CKFGV #NCEMQHRJ[UKECN activity also contributes to high economic costs. One study stated that the medical costs based on VJGEWTTGPVVTGPFUQHQDGUKV[YKNNTGCEJCUJKIJCUDKNNKQPKPTGNCVGFEQUVD[QTRGTEGPV QHVJGPCVKQPoUFKTGEVURGPFKPIQPJGCNVJECTG 7PKVGF*GCNVJ(QWPFCVKQPVJG#OGTKECP2WDNKE*GCNVJ #UUQEKCVKQPCPF2CTVPGTUJKRHQT2TGXGPVKQP 2J[UKECNCEVKXKV[FCVCKPVJG75CNUQTGXGCNUFKURCTKVKGUCETQUUUQEKQGEQPQOKEITQWRU $TCXGOCP GVCN #HWTVJGTDTGCMFQYPQHKPUWHƂEKGPVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUYCUGZCOKPGFKPUGXGTCN UVWFKGUVJCVPQVGFVJCVEGTVCKPFGOQITCRJKEITQWRUKPENWFKPIUGPKQTEKVK\GPUEJKNFTGPNQYKPEQOG JQWUGJQNFUOKPQTKVKGUCPFRGQRNGYKVJFKUCDKNKVKGUHCEGUKIPKƂECPVDCTTKGTUVQIGVVKPIGPQWIJ RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPFJCXGJKIJGTTCVGUQHRJ[UKECNKPCEVKXKV[ %JWTEJ Other data demonstrated that women tend to be less physically active than men, with minority YQOGPV[RKECNN[DGKPIVJGNGCUVRJ[UKECNN[CEVKXG 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP #HTKECP Americans and Hispanics also were found to engage in less physical activity compared to whites. &KHHGTGPEGUKPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUCNUQXCT[D[CIGYKVJVJQUG[GCTUQTQNFGTJCXKPIVJGNGCUV COQWPVQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[VJCPCP[QVJGTCIGITQWR 4QUU

23 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 4 : Physical Activity The Genesee Valley Greenway

#EEQTFKPIVQCPCPCN[UKUQHETGCVKPICEVKXGNKXKPIEQOOWPKVKGUQPGQHVJGOQUVpRQYGTHWN KPVGTXGPVKQPUqKPRWDNKEJGCNVJVQGPCDNGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[UJQWNFDGVQGPUWTGVJCVUCHGCVVTCEVKXG and convenient places for physical activity are fostered. The report also cited the need to create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positive health impact and highlighted the importance that a neighborhood environment can play VQGKVJGTGPCDNGQTFKUEQWTCIGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[6JGCDUGPEGQHNKIJVKPIUKFGYCNMUQTNCEMQHQVJGT people exercising may play in to the decision of an individual to use a community trail, including YJGVJGTVJGVTCKNKURGTEGKXGFVQDGENQUGGPQWIJVQCEEGUU 6QYPQH&CXKFUQP0QTVJ%CTQNKPC #RTQLGEVKP#DGTFGGP0%EKVGFVJGKORQTVCPEGQHWVKNK\KPIpGXKFGPEGDCUGFUVTCVGIKGUq to change the built environment to increase physical activity. Those strategies included improving VJGEQPPGEVKXKV[QHUKFGYCNMUKORTQXKPITQCFETQUUKPIUVTCHƂEECNOKPICPFDWKNFKPIPGYYCNMKPI VTCKNU+VYCUFGVGTOKPGFVJCVUQOGQHVJGKPHTCUVTWEVWTGKORTQXGOGPVU UKFGYCNMUETQUUYCNMU YQWNF RCTVKEWNCTN[DGPGƂVNQYKPEQOGPGKIJDQTJQQFU $WGUEJGTGVCN *QYGXGTDWKNFKPICVTCKN without addressing neighborhood physical environments conducive to physical activity, or failing to address concerns of trails being within a close proximity, may not have the intended positive effects QPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ #DKNFUQ

24 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 4 : Physical Activity The Genesee Valley Greenway

+PCUVWF[EQPFWEVGFKP#WUVTCNKCVJGRTGUGPEGQHUJQRURCTMUCPFQTRCVJUYKVJKPYCNMKPIFKUVCPEG YCUCNUQRQUKVKXGN[CUUQEKCVGFYKVJYCNMKPIHQTGZGTEKUGKP#WUVTCNKCPCFWNVU0CVKQPCNN[RGTEGKXGF CEEGUUVQTGETGCVKQPHCEKNKVKGUYCUUKIPKƂECPVN[TGNCVGFVQRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUKPCUCORNGQH 5WOVGT%QWPV[5%TGUKFGPVU (GTFKPCPFGVCN #UWTXG[QHVTCKNWUGTUKP/QTICPVQYP8C YCUEQPFWEVGFQPCUGTKGUQHOKNGUQHRCXGFVTCKNU6JGUWTXG[HQWPFVJCVRGTEGPVQHUWTXG[ TGURQPFGPVUYGTGCVVCKPKPIOKPWVGUQHNGKUWTGVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[RGTYGGMVJGCOQWPV TGEQOOGPFGFD[VJG%&%CPFVJCVRGTEGPVQHVJGVTCKNWUGTUDGECOGTGIWNCTGZGTEKUGTU VJTGG QTOQTGVKOGUCYGGM CUCTGUWNVQHVJGFGXGNQROGPVQHVJGVTCKN )QTFQP

4.2 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE GVG

#EEQTFKPIVQVJG)CNNWR*GCNVJYC[U9GNN$GKPI+PFGZVJG4QEJGUVGTTGIKQPTCPMGFQWVQH /GVTQRQNKVCP5VCVKUVKECN#TGCUKPVJG2J[UKECN*GCNVJECVGIQT[YJKEJ)CNNWRFGƂPGUCUpJCXKPI IQQFJGCNVJCPFGPQWIJGPGTI[VQIGVVJKPIUFQPGFCKN[q 5JCTGECTG +P0GY;QTM5VCVG 2CTMURWDNKUJGFVJG5VCVGYKFG6TCKNU2NCPVJCVKPENWFGFUVCVGYKFGJGCNVJUVCVKUVKEUCPFUWTXG[TGUWNVU QHVTCKNWUGTU#EEQTFKPIVQVJGTGRQTVRGTEGPVQHCFWNVUKP0GY;QTM5VCVGCTGQXGTYGKIJVQT QDGUGCPFQDGUKV[TGNCVGFKNNPGUUGUYGTGEQUVKPIVJGUVCVGOQTGVJCPDKNNKQPRGT[GCT6JGRNCP UWIIGUVGFVJCVVTCKNDGPGƂVUOC[KPENWFGYGKIJVEQPVTQNVJGTGFWEGFTKUMHQTECTFKQXCUEWNCTFKUGCUG CPFFKCDGVGUCPFTGFWEGFTKUMQHUQOGECPEGTUCOQPIQVJGTRQVGPVKCNJGCNVJDGPGƂVU6JGRNCP also notes that trail use can strengthen bones and muscles and improve mental health and mood 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP #EEQTFKPIVQCUWTXG[ KPENWFGFKPVJGRNCPRGTEGPVQH0GY;QTMGTUWVKNK\GVTCKNUHQTYCNMKPILQIIKPIRGTEGPVHQT DKMKPICPFCPCFFKVKQPCNRGTEGPVHQTJKMKPIQTDCEMRCEMKPI6JGVTCKNRCTVKEKRCVKQPTGUWNVUCNUQ KPFKECVGFVJCVRGTEGPVQHCNNVTCKNWUGTUTGUKFGYKVJKPCOKNGTCFKWUQHVJGVTCKNUVJG[WVKNK\G OCMKPIVJGOpNQECNWUGTUq

4.2.2 Existing Health conditions

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

25 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 4 : Physical Activity The Genesee Valley Greenway

4.2.3 Current Physical Activity Levels For added context, current physical activity was similarly researched in counties along the PQTVJGTPOQUVRQTVKQPQHVJG)TGGPYC[+P/QPTQG%QWPV[PGCTN[RGTEGPVQHTGUKFGPVUTGRQTVGF JCXKPIRCTVKEKRCVGFKPNGKUWTGVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPVJGRCUVFC[U 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPV QH*GCNVJ +P.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[CRRTQZKOCVGN[RGTEGPVQHTGUKFGPVUTGRQTVGFJCXKPIRCTVKEKRCVGFKPNGKUWTG VKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPVJGRCUVFC[U 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ 5VWFKGUJCXGUJQYPVJCVRCTVKEKRCVKPIKPTGIWNCTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[TGFWEGUVJGTKUMQHEJTQPKEFKUGCUGU UWEJCUJGCTVFKUGCUGUVTQMGV[RGFKCDGVGUEQNQPCPFDTGCUVECPEGTCPFTGFWEGUVJGTKUMQH premature death. It also contributes to improved mental health. Trail use reduces barriers to physical activity by reducing cost and, depending on proximity, access to the trail. There has been little research, however, in the use of trails by race or ethnicity on a local level.

4.2.4 Decisions/Policies Impact 1PGRTQITCOVJCVGPEQWTCIGURJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KU#FQRVC6TCKNYJKEJKUKPENWFGFKPVJG)8)5VCVG 2CTM/CUVGT2NCPCPFKUDGKPIKORNGOGPVGFD[VJG(1)8)6JKURTQITCOQHHGTUQRRQTVWPKVKGUVQ local committees, businesses, service clubs, user groups, families, individuals and others to adopt sections along the entire trail so that volunteers can participate in various trail improvements and CUUKUVYKVJIGPGTCNOCKPVGPCPEG#FQRVC6TCKNUKIPUVJCVKFGPVKH[VJGQTICPK\CVKQPXQNWPVGGTKPIVQ maintain a trail section are displayed and include a phone number for trail users to call to report trail RTQDNGOUCPFHQTKPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVVJG#FQRVC6TCKNRTQITCO There were also several policies cited by others on a regional level that could be adopted to increase RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUCNQPIVJG)8)6JG[KPENWFG r &GXGNQROGPVQHCVTCKNRCTCNNGNVQVJG$NCEM%TGGM5VTGCO%QTTKFQTEQPPGEVKPIVJG)8)$NCEM %TGGM2CTMCPF%JWTEJXKNNG2CTMKPVJGVQYPUQH%JKNKCPF4KIC 4GIKQPCN6TCKNU+PKVKCVKXG 46+ r &GXGNQROGPVQHCVTCKNRCTCNNGNVQVJG1CVMC%TGGM5VTGCO%QTTKFQTEQPPGEVKPIVJG)8)CPF 1CVMC%TGGM2CTMVQVJG/QPTQG)GPGUGG%QWPV[NKPG 46+ r 4GIKQPCN6TCKNU+PKVKCVKXGVJCVJCUVJG)8)NQQRCV.GVEJYQTVJ5VCVG2CTMVTCPUKVKQPKPIHTQO CPCVWTCNVTCKNVQCNQPIQPTQCFUGIOGPV 46+ r 6JG.KXKPIUVQP6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QPPGEVKXKV[2NCPYJKEJHQUVGTURCTVPGTUJKRUCPFEQPPGEVKQPUHQT the purpose of supporting and promoting a vital and sustainable Livingston County. #RQVGPVKCNDCTTKGTVQRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[QPVJG)8)KUKP.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[YJGTGFKXGTVKPIVTCKN WUGToUQPTQCFETGCVGUEQPƃKEVUYKVJOQVQTKUVU6JGCDTWRVVTCPUKVKQPHTQOVJGTGUVQHVJGVTCKNETGCVGU opportunities for trail improvements.

4.3 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS

+PUWHƂEKGPVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ECPNGCFVQUKIPKƂECPVJGCNVJKUUWGUUWEJCUECTFKQXCUEWNCTFKUGCUGU cancers, diabetes and depression. Much research for this HIA focused on identifying ways for WVKNK\KPIVJG)8)VQRQVGPVKCNN[KORTQXGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[2J[UKECNCEVKXKV[FCVCUJQYGFFKURCTKVKGU across socioeconomic groups and demonstrated that women tend to be less physically active than men, with minority women typically being the least physically active.

26 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 4 : Physical Activity The Genesee Valley Greenway

#PCPCN[UKUQHCEVKXGNKXKPIEQOOWPKVKGUTGXGCNGFVJCVGPUWTKPIUCHGCVVTCEVKXGCPFEQPXGPKGPVRNCEGU for physical activity can foster more physical activity. Other HIAs also were studied to identify other YC[UVQKORTQXGCOWPKEKRCNRCTMUCPFTGETGCVKQPU[UVGO(QTVJKU*+#GZKUVKPITCVGUQHQDGUKV[ diabetes and hypertension at the county level also were researched. )KXGPVJGRQVGPVKCNKORCEVQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[QPJGCNVJQWVEQOGUƂPFKPIYC[UVQKPETGCUGVJG physical activity of the residents of Livingston and Monroe counties through the Greenway has the potential to positively impact people’s health in those communities. Based on the research and CPCN[UKUVJGHQNNQYKPIRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[TGEQOOGPFCVKQPUCTGRTQRQUGF

Promote trail use along the Genesee Valley Greenway. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 9QTMYKVJTGIKQPCNVQWTKUOQTICPK\CVKQPUVQFGXGNQRECORCKIPUQPCEVKXGNKXKPIJGCNVJDGPGƂVU QHNQECNVTCKNUJWDUHQTCTGCTGUKFGPVUXKUKVQTU r 7VKNK\GECORCKIPUVQKPETGCUGQXGTCNNCYCTGPGUUCPFWUCIGQHVJG)TGGPYC[CUCPCEVKXG VTCPURQTVCVKQPTGETGCVKQPEQTTKFQT

27 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 5: Accessibility & Infrastructure

5.1 ACCESS, SOCIAL EQUITY AND HEALTH LITERATURE REVIEW 9JGPRTKQTKVK\KPICEEGUUCPFKPHTCUVTWEVWTGCUQPGQHVJGJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUHQTUVWF[VJKUTGRQTV sought to explore the topic of access through the examination of the built environment, trail RTQZKOKV[GSWKV[CPFHQQFCEEGUU 6JGNKPMCIGQHJGCNVJCPFVJGDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVJCUVJGRQVGPVKCNVQUKIPKƂECPVN[KORCEVDQVJRJ[UKECN CPFOGPVCNJGCNVJCUYGNNCUGSWKV[CPFUQEKCNYGNNDGKPI ,CEMUQPCPF-QEMNKV\M[ 'YKPICPF -TGWV\GT 6JG'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[EKVGFVJCVVJGRTKOCT[DGPGƂVQHVJGTCKNVQVTCKNYCUKPETGCUGF RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CEEQTFKPIVQKVU*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVCPFCNCEMQHRGFGUVTKCPCPFDKE[ENG HTKGPFN[UVTGGVUCPFVTCKNUYCUTGEQIPK\GFCUQPGQHVJGNGCFKPIECWUGUQHHCKNWTGVQCEJKGXGOKPKOWO TGEQOOGPFGFCOQWPVUQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPWTDCPGPXKTQPOGPVUJGTGKPVJG75 *GNNGTCPF$JCVKC #PQVJGT*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVTGEQOOGPFGFGPJCPEKPIVTCKNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGCUCYC[VQ GPEQWTCIGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPFKORTQXGQXGTCNNJGCNVJQWVEQOGUPQVKPIVJCVVTCKNUCTGKPJGTGPVN[pC NQYEQUVTGETGCVKQPQRRQTVWPKV[CPFECPGZVGPFCEVKXGVTCPURQTVCVKQPQRRQTVWPKVKGUVQCNNRQRWNCVKQPU CPFFGOQITCRJKEUq /QNKPCGVCN +PCUVWF[QHVTCKNUKP0QTVJ%CTQNKPCVTCKNUYGTGCUUQEKCVGF YKVJCRGTEGPVKPETGCUGFEJCPEGQHOGGVKPIVJG%GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQN#OGTKECP%QNNGIGQH Sports Medicine recommendations for physical activity. Additional studies have also indicated an KPETGCUGFNKMGNKJQQFQHKPFKXKFWCNUTGCEJKPITGEQOOGPFGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUYJGPVJQUGVTCKNU RTQXKFGYCNMKPIQTDKMKPI *WUVQPGVCN 4%$TQYPUQP #TGCUVJCVNCEMCEEGUUVQRCTMUVTCKNUCPFITGGPURCEGUECPNKOKVCPKPFKXKFWCNoUCDKNKV[VQVCMG advantage of these resources and thereby limit their ability to meet daily recommended levels QHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[HQTHCOKNKGUCPFEJKNFTGP $NCPEMGVCN /WNVKRNGUVWFKGUJCXGUJQYPVJCV VJGENQUGTTGUKFGPVUoJQOGUCTGVQCVTCKNQTRCTMVJGOQTGNKMGN[VJG[CTGVQWUGVJGVTCKN (WTWUGVJ CPF#NVOCP /QQTGCPF)TCGHG 1VVGPUOCPP 6JGRTQZKOKV[DCUGNKPGXCTKGU among studies, however. For example, one study cited the distance from a user’s home needed to GPEQWTCIGWUGQHCVTCKNVQDGNGUUVJCPOKNGUQTƂ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had access to trails used them, despite the fact that nearly half of that population had to travel 15 OKNGUQTOQTGVQCEEGUUVJGO $TQYPUQP*QWUGOCPPGVCN In addition to proximity, studies have shown that the design and connectivity of trail infrastructure CNUQCHHGEVUVTCKNWUG9JKNGUQOGTGUKFGPVUOC[NKXGPGCTVJGRCTMDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVDCTTKGTUUWEJ CUDWU[TQCFUHGPEGUQTCNCEMQHUKIPUCPFUKIPCNUECPETGCVGDCTTKGTUVQWUKPIVJQUGRNCEGU $NCPEM GVCN 1PGUVWF[FGOQPUVTCVGFCFKTGEVEQTTGNCVKQPDGVYGGPEQPPGEVKXKV[CPFJKIJGTYCNMKPI TCVGUKPEQOOWPKVKGUVJCVCTGEQPUKFGTGFYCNMCDNGYJKEJNGFVQKPETGCUGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPF JGCNVJQWVEQOGU *GUUGVCN #UOGPVKQPGFUVWFKGUJCXGFGOQPUVTCVGFVJCVVJGFGUKIPQH EQOOWPKVKGUKPƃWGPEGURJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[COQPITGUKFGPVU 5CGNGPU5CNNKUCPF(TCPM +PJKIJN[

28 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

pYCNMCDNGq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ƂECPVN[ EQTTGURQPFVQTGNCVGFVTCKNWUG(QTGZCORNG[QWPIGTRGQRNGYGTGHQWPFVQDGOQTGNKMGN[VQWUG VTCKNUVJCPQNFGTRGQRNG 6TQRGF5CWPFGTUGVCN#UUQEKCVKQPUDGVYGGPUGNHTGRQTVGFCPFQDLGEVKXG RJ[UKECNGPXKTQPOGPVCNHCEVQTUCPFWUGQHCEQOOWPKV[TCKNVTCKN #EEQTFKPIVQUVCVKUVKEUPGCTN[ QPGKPƂXG75UGPKQTUFQGUPQVFTKXGCPFTGNKGUQPYCNMKPICPFRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPKPQTFGTVQ QDVCKPDCUKEFCKN[PGGFU$CTTKGTUKPVJGRJ[UKECNGPXKTQPOGPVVJCVOCMGYCNMKPIFKHƂEWNVHQTUGPKQTU OC[KPENWFGJKIJVTCHƂEURGGFUWPGXGPQTKTTGIWNCTUKFGYCNMUNQPIKPVGTUGEVKQPETQUUKPIUCNCEM of shade and a shortage of places to stop and rest. Other factors include service or infrastructure FGƂEKGPEKGUVJCVNGCFVQKPUWHƂEKGPVVTCPUKVUGTXKEG6JGUGDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVHCEVQTUECPJCXGUGTKQWU JGCNVJKORCEVURCTVKEWNCTN[COQPIUGPKQTUKPENWFKPIJCXKPIVJGOPQVNGCXGVJGKTJQOGU .[PQVV 6JGOCVGTKCNOCMGWRQHVTCKNUGURGEKCNN[VJGKTUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPJCUCNUQDGGPNKPMGFVQCPKPETGCUG KPWUG )QDUVGT #PFGTGEMGVCN 4G[PQNFUGVCN +PQPGYCNMCDKNKV[CPFDKMKPI CUUGUUOGPVJCNHQHUWTXG[TGURQPFGPVUTGRQTVGFWUKPICVTCKNKPVJG2KPCN%TGGMCTGCQH#TK\QPCHQT TGETGCVKQPDWVRGTEGPVQHUWTXG[TGURQPFGPVUHGNVVJCVVJGVTCKNYCUFKHƂEWNVVQWUGCPFPGGFGF KORTQXGOGPVU 2CTCOQWPV2WDNKE*GCNVJ5GTXKEGU +PCUVWF[QHHQWTPGKIJDQTJQQFUKP 1PVCTKQ%CPCFCTGUGCTEJGTUHQWPFVJCVRCTMUYKVJRCXGFVTCKNUYGTGCNOQUVVKOGUOQTGNKMGN[ VQDGWUGFHQTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[VJCPRCTMUYKVJQWVRCXGFVTCKNU -CE\[PUMK2QVYCTMCCPF5CGNGPU #EEQTFKPIVQUGXGTCNUVWFKGUCOQPIYQOGPKPTWTCNCTGCUCPFCUVWF[VJCVCPCN[\GFYCNMKPI behaviors and physical activity, barriers beyond infrastructure included money, health, interest in the VTCKNQRRQTVWPKVKGUVQWUGVJGVTCKNCDKNKV[RGTEGKXGFPGKIJDQTJQQFUCHGV[OQVKXCVKQPRQUUKDNGKPLWT[ VTCHƂECPFENGCPNKPGUU 1UWLKGVCN '[NGT$TQYPUQPGVCN

Equity and Access 6JGTGNCVKQPUJKRDGVYGGPUQEKQGEQPQOKEUVCVWU 5'5 CPFJGCNVJQWVEQOGUKUEQPUKFGTGFVQDGC TGNKCDNGRTGFKEVQTQHOQTVCNKV[OQTDKFKV[CPFFKUCDKNKV[KPVJG75CUYGNNCUKPOQUVKPFWUVTKCNK\GF PCVKQPU #FNGTGVCN 0WOGTQWUUVWFKGUJCXGUJQYPVJCVJGCNVJKPGSWCNKVKGUCTGCUUQEKCVGF YKVJKPEQOGNGXGNU /CTOQV /E&QPQWIJGVCN /WUVCTFGVCN 9QTNF*GCNVJ 1TICPK\CVKQP (QTGZCORNGCFWNVUYJQCTGRQQTCTGVJTGGVKOGUOQTGNKMGN[VQUWHHGTHTQO EJTQPKEKNNPGUUCPFVYKEGOQTGNKMGN[VQJCXGFKCDGVGUCPFJGCTVFKUGCUGVJCPCFWNVUYJQCTGYGCNVJ[ $TCXGOCPCPF'IGTVGT1XGTEQOKPIQDUVCENGUVQJGCNVJ4GRQTVHTQOVJG4QDGTV9QQF,QJPUQP (QWPFCVKQPVQVJGEQOOKUUKQPVQDWKNFCJGCNVJKGT#OGTKECPF #EEQTFKPIVQCPCTVKENGRWDNKUJGF KPVJG,QWTPCNQH'RKFGOKQNQI[CPF%QOOWPKV[*GCNVJGSWKV[KPJGCNVJECPDGFGƂPGFCUpVJG CDUGPEGQHU[UVGOCVKEFKURCTKVKGUKPJGCNVJQTOCLQTUQEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJDGVYGGPUQEKCN ITQWRUYJQJCXGFKHHGTGPVNGXGNUQHWPFGTN[KPIUQEKCNCFXCPVCIGQTFKUCFXCPVCIGq'ZCORNGUQH populations that can be considered socially disadvantaged include those living in poverty, females CPFQTOKPQTKV[ITQWRU $TCXGOCPCPF)TWUMKP&GƂPKPI'SWKV[KP*GCNVJ 2WDNKERCTMUCTGCP GURGEKCNN[KORQTVCPVTGUQWTEGHQTNQYKPEQOGCPFOKPQTKV[EQOOWPKVKGUYJQNCEMCEEGUUVQQVJGT venues for physical activity due to cost or distance. However, lower SES neighborhoods often have HGYGTHTGGHQTWUGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[TGUQWTEGU 'UVCDTQQMUGVCN .GUNKGGVCN %QJGP /E-GP\KGGVCN /WNVKRNGUVWFKGUUJQYVJCVNQYKPEQOGEQOOWPKVKGUJCXGUKIPKƂECPVN[NGUU access to recreational facilities than wealthier communities which results in health disparities among

29 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

VJCVRQRWNCVKQP 4QUU 2TQZKOKV[VQRCTMUYCUCNUQEKVGFCUVJGpMG[KUUWGqHQTNQYKPEQOG TGUKFGPVUKP.QU#PIGNGU %QWPV[QH.QU#PIGNGU&GRCTVOGPVQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ A person’s income level greatly affects their available opportunities for physical activity through CEEGUUVQYCNMCDNGUVTGGVUCPFRTQZKOKV[VQUEJQQNURCTMUCPFRWDNKEURCEG +PUVKVWVGQH/GFKEKPG ,CEMUQPCPF5VCE[&GUKIPKPI*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGU %NKHVQP/QTTKUUG[CPF4KVVGT 5GXGTCNUVWFKGUJCXGFGOQPUVTCVGFVJCVTGUKFGPVUYKVJJKIJGTKPEQOGUCTGOQTGNKMGN[VQWUGYCNMKPI trails than those with lower incomes, and individuals with a college education or higher are more NKMGN[VQWUGVTCKNUVJCPKPFKXKFWCNUYKVJNGUUGFWECVKQP $TQYPUQP*QWUGOCPPGVCN .KDTGVV ;QTGCPF5EJOKF 6TQRGF5CWPFGTUGVCN#UUQEKCVKQPUDGVYGGPUGNHTGRQTVGFCPFQDLGEVKXG RJ[UKECNGPXKTQPOGPVCNHCEVQTUCPFWUGQHCEQOOWPKV[TCKNVTCKN 6JGUGƂPFKPIUCTGKORQTVCPV VQEQPUKFGTYJGPRTQRQUKPICPWTDCPTCKNVTCKN 2CTCOQWPV2WDNKE*GCNVJ5GTXKEGU #*+#KP)GQTIKCKPVGITCVGFTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUVQpGPUWTGGSWKV[KPKORNGOGPVCVKQPRTKQTKV[UKVG UGNGEVKQPCPFTGUQWTEGCNNQECVKQPVJTQWIJVJGGSWKVCDNGFKUVTKDWVKQPQHITGGPTGUQWTEGUVJTQWIJQWV VJGTGIKQPq6JG*+#HQEWUGFQPCTGCUVJCVCTGEWTTGPVN[WPFGTUGTXGFVQRTQXKFGPGYQRRQTVWPKVKGU for populations that have the greatest need to engage in infrastructure that would lead to a high KPƃWGPEGQPRQRWNCVKQPJGCNVJ &KNNUGVCN 6JG*+#CNUQRTKQTKVK\GFCEEGUUVQLQDQRRQTVWPKVKGU near trails and greenways and recommended connecting trails and greenways to employment EGPVGTUUQTGUKFGPVUEQWNFWUGVJGUGCOGPKVKGUCUCEQOOWVGQRVKQPpVJGTGD[EQPVTKDWVKPIVQ RQVGPVKCNJGCNVJDGPGƂVUCUUQEKCVGFYKVJRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[GZRQUWTGVQPCVWTGCPFRQUUKDN[UQEKCN ECRKVCNq -QEMGNOCP%JGPCPF0KEJQNU 2WEJGT&KNNCPF*CPF[ 6TCPURQTVCVKQP4GUGCTEJ $QCTF

5.2 ACCESS, SOCIAL EQUITY AND THE GVG As indicated by the demographic research conducted for this report, 15 percent of Monroe County TGUKFGPVUCPFRGTEGPVQH.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[TGUKFGPVUHCNNDGNQYVJGHGFGTCNRQXGTV[NGXGN Additional demographic research sought to identify potentially disadvantaged populations including women and minorities. In addition to the primary research conducted for this report, a variety of CEEGUUKUUWGUJCXGDGGPKFGPVKƂGFQPCNQECNDCUKUD[VJG4GIKQPCN6TCKNU+PKVKCVKXG 46+ HTQOVJG)6% The RTI’s purpose is to develop a comprehensive and achievable action plan for community leaders to create and maintain a safe, accessible and highly functional regional trail system that is fully KPVGITCVGFYKVJVJGGZKUVKPIVTCPURQTVCVKQPU[UVGO )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN 6JG46+ ƂTUVRWDNKUJGF2JCUGKPCPFEQPFWEVGFKVUOQUVTGEGPV2JCUG+++WRFCVGKP #EEQTFKPIVQCUWTXG[EQPFWEVGFD[VJG2JCUG+++46+VJG)8)YCUVJGHQWTVJOQUVHTGSWGPVN[WUGF VTCKNKPVJG)GPGUGG(KPIGT.CMGUTGIKQPDGJKPFQPN[VJG)GPGUGG4KXGTYC[6TCKNCPFVJG$TKIJVQP CPF2KVVUHQTFUGEVKQPUQHVJG'TKG%CPCNYC[6TCKN1HVJGVTCKNWUGTUUWTXG[GFVJGOQUVKORQTVCPV DGPGƂVUQHVTCKNUYGTGTGETGCVKQPCPFGZGTEKUGHQNNQYGFD[VTCPURQTVCVKQP6JGUCOGUVWF[CNUQ QWVNKPGFYJCVVTCKNWUGTUHGNVFKUEQWTCIGFCDQWVVTCKNWUGKPENWFKPICPQXGTCNNNCEMQHCYCTGPGUUQH VTCKNU[UVGOUCPFCNCEMQHpEQPVKPWKV[QTEQPPGEVKXKV[q6JGUWTXG[KFGPVKƂGFVJCVWUGTUHGNVVJCVVJG OQUVKORQTVCPVVTCKNCOGPKVKGUYGTGFKTGEVKQPCNUKIPUOKNGOCTMGTUCPFDGPEJGUCNQPIVJGVTCKN )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN #MG[UWTXG[ƂPFKPICNUQKFGPVKƂGFVJCVOCP[TGURQPFGPVU JCFVJGFGUKTGVQWUGVTCKNUOQTGQHVGP0KPGV[QPGRGTEGPVQHVJQUGUWTXG[GFGZRTGUUGFVJCVVJG[ YQWNFWUGVTCKNUOQTGQHVGPKHVJG[EQWNFGCUKN[YCNMQTDKMGVQQPGHTQOVJGKTJQOGQTYQTMRNCEG 1HVJQUGUWTXG[GFRGTEGPVKPFKECVGFVJCVVJG[WUGVTCKNUHQTYCNMKPICPFJKMKPIYJKNGCPQVJGT RGTEGPVUVCVGFVJG[DKE[ENGQPVTCKNU )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN

30 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

5.2.2 Geographic/ Population Access

6JG)8)UWRRQTVUJKMKPITWPPKPI Rochester JQTUGDCEMTKFKPIUMKKPIUPQYUJQGKPI and snowmobiling. #)8)WUGTUWTXG[HQWPFVJCV most trail use occurs between May and August and the trail is used primarily for Scottsville DKE[ENKPICPFJKMKPI6JGVTCKNKUWUGF Rush [GCTTQWPFYKVJUQOGTGURQPFGPVU KPFKECVKPIVJCVVJG[CNUQETQUUEQWPVT[ UMKGFUPQYUJQGFQTUPQYOQDKNGFQP the trail in winter months. Avon

6JG)8)KUGCUKN[CEEGUUKDNGXKC 2KHHCTF waypoints located between Genesee 8CNNG[CPF.GVEJYQTVJRCTMU6JG waypoints have gates that prevent most motor vehicles from accessing the trail. Geneseo 5KPEGOQUVYC[RQKPVUVQVJG)8)ETQUU roads and highways, they may be easily accessed via public transportation. As Mt. Morris UGGPQPVJGOCRVJG)8)ETQUUGUC number of state or county routes. While all waypoints are easily accessible, PQVCNNCTGENGCTN[OCTMGFHQTRGFGUVTKCP VTCHƂE+PHCEVQPN[CJCPFHWNQHVJGO JCXGRGFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIVTCHƂEUKIPUQT RCKPVGFRGFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIUVTKRGUKP the street. In addition, some waypoints CTGCEEGUUGFD[YCNMKPIQPVJGUJQWNFGT of busy streets or by crossing a busy street or highway to continue on the trail. /V/QTTKUCRRGCTUVQJCXGVJGDGUVCEEGUUVQVJGVTCKNCUVJG)8)RCUUGUFKTGEVN[VJTQWIJVJG village, and there are two waypoints that access the trail. Both of these access points have clearly OCTMGFRGFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIUVTKRGUKPVJGUVTGGV #DQCTFYCNMYCUDWKNVKP5EQVVUXKNNGVQEQPPGEVVJGVTCKNVQDWUKPGUUGUKPVJGXKNNCIG+PCFFKVKQPVJG 46+WRFCVGFGUETKDGUCRNCPVQFGXGNQRCOWNVKWUGVTCKNEQPPGEVKPIVJG)8)HTQO5EQVVUXKNNG Road to Ballantyne Road. 6JGJCONGVQH2KHHCTFCNUQRTQXKFGUCEEGUUVQVJG)8)CVVJG;CTFQH#NGCTGUVCWTCPVCVCPCEEGUU RQKPVQP0;54QWVGVJCVJCUUGTXGFVJGEQOOWPKV[UKPEGVJGU #FQWDNGsCTEJGFEWNXGTVCV$NCEM%TGGMYCUEKVGFCUCMG[KPHTCUVTWEVWTGNKPM DTKFIG VJCVKUHCKNKPI CPFOC[TGSWKTGVQOKNNKQPKPKPXGUVOGPVVQTGRCKT6JGEWNXGTVKUCNUQQHJKUVQTKEUKIPKƂECPEG DWKNVE CPFOC[TGSWKTGRTGUGTXCVKQPGHHQTVUVQUWRRQTVKVUXKCDKNKV[

31 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

%WNXGTVNQECVGFCV$NCEM%TGGM

5.2.3 Trail Infrastructure/Conditions Trail conditions impact trail infrastructure and access. Inclement weather causing washouts, ongoing VTCKNOCKPVGPCPEGGCUGOGPVTKIJVQHYC[KUUWGUCPFCESWKUKVKQPKUUWGUCNQPIXCTKQWURQTVKQPUQHVJG trail disrupt trail use. r 1YPGTUJKRQHC%5:TCKNETQUUKPIUGEVKQPKUDGKPIUQWIJVCNQPI5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF0GY;QTM5VCVG currently owns it. r 6JGFQWDNGsCTEJGFEWNXGTVCV$NCEM%TGGMOGPVKQPGFCDQXGKUCMG[NKPMVJCVPGGFUTGRCKT r #UCHQTOGTTCKNDGF)8)oUUNQRGUCTGOKPKOCNOCMKPIKVIGPGTCNN[CEEGUUKDNGHQTRGQRNGYKVJ XCT[KPIRJ[UKECNCDKNKVKGU*QYGXGTUQOGUGEVKQPURTGUGPVITGCVGTEJCNNGPIGUFWGVQGTQUKQP UGVVNKPICPFVJGTGOQXCNQHTCKNTQCFQXGTRCUUGUQTWPFGTRCUUGU R#EEGUUKDKNKV[)WKFGDQQM r )8)KUNKUVGFCUCYJGGNEJCKTCEEGUUKDNGVTCKND[6TCKN.KPMEQOGXGPVJQWIJQPN[VJGVTCKNoUƂTUV two miles are paved. • Some steering committee members expressed concern about existing trail conditions being TQWIJCPFEQORQUGFQHITCUUCPFEKPFGTU XGTUWUETWUJGFITCXGN CPFVJG[SWGUVKQPGFVJG 6TCKN.KPMEQOTCVKPICU#&#CEEGUUKDNGDCUGFQPVJGCEVWCNVTCKNUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQP

32 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

5.2.4 Greenspace/Trails Access The Greenway connects to other trails and greenspaces in Monroe and Livingston counties. These KPENWFGVJG'TKG%CPCNYC[6TCKN GCUVYGUV CV)GPGUGG8CNNG[2CTM )82 VJG)GPGUGG4KXGTYC[6TCKN PQTVJUQWVJ CV)82VJG%CPCN5VTGGV$QCTFYCNMKP5EQVVUXKNNGCPFVJG.GJKIJ8CNNG[6TCKNOKNGU UQWVJQH5EQVVUXKNNG6JGVTCKNCNUQRCUUGUPGCTPQTVJGTPCPFUQWVJGTPGPVTCPEGUVQ.GVEJYQTVJ2CTM VJG'TKG#VVKEC6TCKNCPFCRQTVKQPQHVJG(KPIGT.CMGU6TCKN%QPHGTGPEGPGCT/V/QTTKU.GVEJYQTVJ CPF2QTVCIGXKNNG 1VJGTGZCORNGUQHYGNNOCKPVCKPGFPGKIJDQTJQQFRCTMUVTCKNUITGGPURCEGENQUGVQVJG)TGGPYC[ KPENWFG r .KVVNG$NCEM%TGGM2QEMGV2CTMQPVJGYGUVUKFGQH5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF r %CPCYCWIWU2CTM5EQVVUXKNNG r 8GVGTCPU/GOQTKCN2CTMs/V/QTTKU • Wadsworth Junction at Route 251 and Route 5 r 4QWVGPGCT$GNNCO[2CTM

33 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

5.2.5 Food Access (QQFKPUGEWTKV[KUFGƂPGFCUCTGFWEVKQPKPVJGSWCNKV[XCTKGV[CPFFGUKTCDKNKV[QHFKGVYKVJNKVVNGQTPQ KPFKECVKQPQHJWPIGT NQYUGEWTKV[ QTOWNVKRNGKPUVCPEGUQHFKUTWRVGFGCVKPIRCVVGTPUCPFJWPIGT XGT[ NQYUGEWTKV[ Food insecurity is related to both the supply of food available to individuals and the access those individuals have to that food. +PRGTEGPVQHCFWNVUKP0GY;QTM5VCVGTGRQTVGFGZRGTKGPEKPIHQQFKPUGEWTKV[KPVJGRTGXKQWU OQPVJU+PVJCVUCOGVKOGRGTKQF.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[TGRQTVGFCHQQFKPUGEWTKV[TCVGQHRGTEGPV CPF/QPTQG%QWPV[TGRQTVGFCTCVGQHRGTEGPV 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ /CP[HQQFKPUGEWTGJQWUGJQNFUCTGKPQTPGCTCHQQFFGUGTVQTCHQQFUYCOR#HQQFFGUGTVKUCP CTGCVJCVNCEMUCEEGUUVQCHHQTFCDNGHTWKVUXGIGVCDNGUYJQNGITCKPUNQYHCVPQPHCVOKNMQTFCKT[ CNVGTPCVKXGUCPFQVJGTHQQFUVJCVOCMGWRVJGHWNNTCPIGQHCJGCNVJ[FKGV+PCPWTDCPUGVVKPIVJCV CTGCKUFGƂPGFCUDGKPIDQVJNQYKPEQOGCPFDGKPINQECVGFOQTGVJCPCJCNHOKNGHTQOVJGPGCTGUV UWRGTOCTMGV/QPTQG %QWPV[oU<+2EQFGKUC food desert. Mt. Morris is the only community in Livingston %QWPV[PGCTVJG)8)VJCVKU CNUQFGƂPGFCUCHQQFFGUGTV #FFKVKQPCNN[KPOQTG than 18,000 Livingston County residents reported having experienced food insecurity, CPFCEEGUUVQHQQFTCPMGFVJG VJKTFJKIJGUVRTKQTKV[KPC community needs assessment .KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[2NCPPKPI &GRCTVOGPV 6JTGGHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUKP Monroe County operate YKVJKPUKZOKNGUQHVJG)8)t one in Rochester, one in Rush, and another in the village of Scottsville. All are open July through November and all are open Wednesday evenings. Of those three, only the OCTMGVKP4QEJGUVGTCEEGRVU 'NGEVTQPKE$GPGƂVU6TCPUHGT Supplemental Nutrition #UUKUVCPEG2TQITCO '$6 50#2

34 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[JCUHQWTHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUYKVJKPOKNGUQHVJG)8)tVYQKP/V/QTTKUQPGKP )GPGUGQCPFQPGKP2KHHCTF#NNCTGQRGP,WPGVJTQWIJ1EVQDGT6JG)GPGUGQOCTMGVCPFQPGQHVJG /V/QTTKUOCTMGVUCEEGRV'NGEVTQPKE$GPGƂVU6TCPUHGT5WRRNGOGPVCN0WVTKVKQP#UUKUVCPEG2TQITCO 6JG)8)HCEKNKVCVGUCEEGUUVQVJQUGHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUKPENQUGRTQZKOKV[VQVJGVTCKNCPFOC[JGNR OKPKOK\GVJGQEEWTTGPEGQHHQQFKPUGEWTKV[

5.3 ACCESS & INFRASTRUCTURE RECOMMENDATIONS Access limitations to the trail and the current trail conditions can have an impact on trail usage, YJKEJECPCHHGEVRJ[UKECNCPFOGPVCNJGCNVJ6JGOCVGTKCNOCMGWRQHVTCKNUGURGEKCNN[VJGKTUWTHCEG EQPFKVKQPJCUCNUQDGGPNKPMGFVQCPKPETGCUGKPWUCIG 4GUGCTEJUJQYGFVJCVCTGCUVJCVNCEMCEEGUUVQRCTMUVTCKNUCPFITGGPURCEGUECPNKOKVVJGCDKNKV[ QHKPFKXKFWCNUVCMGCFXCPVCIGQHVJGUGTGUQWTEGUCPFVJGTGD[NKOKVVJGKTNGXGNUQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ Other HIAs have demonstrated that better connected and accessible trails lead to improved physical activity and overall health outcomes. 5KPEGOQUVYC[RQKPVUVQVJG)8)ETQUUTQCFUCPFJKIJYC[UVJG[OC[DGGCUKN[CEEGUUGFXKCRWDNKE VTCPURQTVCVKQP*QYGXGTYJKNGCNNYC[RQKPVUCTGCEEGUUKDNGPQVCNNCTGENGCTN[OCTMGFHQTRGFGUVTKCP VTCHƂE#PFYJKNGVJG)TGGPYC[JCUCPCEEGRVCDNG#&#UNQRGKVNCEMUCEQORNKCPVVTCKNUWTHCEGVQ accommodate all users. $CUGFQPVJGUGƂPFKPIUVJGHQNNQYKPICEEGUUKDKNKV[CPFKPHTCUVTWEVWTGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPU CTGRTQRQUGF

35 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 5 : Accessibility & Infrastructure The Genesee Valley Greenway

Accommodate needs of all potential Greenway users, especially vulnerable populations. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r 'PUWTGVTCKNUCTG#&#EQORNKCPVYJGPKPRTQZKOKV[VQTGUKFGPVKCNUGPKQTJQWUKPIYKVJ#&# RCTMKPICXCKNCDNG • Enhance trail surface conditions to stone dust or asphalt near population centers. • Enhance trail where cyclists are impeded, especially in the southern Livingston County. r 'PEQWTCIGRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPRTQXKFGTUYKVJTQWVGUCNQPI)TGGPYC[VQKPENWFGDKMGTCEMUQP buses. r %TGCVGRCTMKPICTGCUYKVJTQQOHQTJQTUGVTCKNGTRCTMKPI r +ORTQXGETQUUUNQRGCPFTGOQXGVTGGTQQVUVQETGCVGCƂTOCPFUVCDNGUWTHCEG

Promote walking and biking as mobility options to low-income and at-risk groups. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GXGNQRUCHGV[ECORCKIPUVTCKNWUGGFWECVKQPVQTCKUGCYCTGPGUUKORTQXGVTCKNWUCIG

Increase access to healthy foods and encourage physical activity. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r %QQTFKPCVGCPFEQRTQOQVGVJGNQECVKQPQHHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUPGCTVTCKNJGCFU r %QQTFKPCVGCPFEQRTQOQVGVJGNQECVKQPQHHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUPGCTVTCKNJGCFU

36 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 6: Safety

6.1 SAFETY AND HEALTH LITERATURE REVIEW

Personal Barriers - Safety 6JGDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVECPEQPVTKDWVGVQCVTCKNoUUCHGV[(QTGZCORNGJKIJURGGFTQCFUYKVJPCTTQY UJQWNFGTUWPGXGPVTCKNUWTHCEGUCPFJKFFGPGPVTCPEGUOC[ETGCVGTGCNCPFQTRGTEGKXGFVJTGCVUVQ personal safety, and such concerns may become barriers to trail use. Trails that are free of crime and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ƂECNN[NQQMGFVQCFFTGUU pUCHGV[CPFHGCTQHETKOGqCUCVTCKNWUGDCTTKGT6JGUVWF[GZCOKPGFOKPQTCPFUGTKQWUETKOGUKP trails found in urban, rural and suburban locations. The study found no evidence of burglaries near JQOGUCFLCEGPVVQVTCKNUKPWTDCPCTGCUCPFCTCVGQHQPN[RGTEGPVHQTUWDWTDCPVTCKNU+UUWGUQH OKPQTKPHTCEVKQPUKPENWFKPIRTQRGTV[FCOCIGITCHƂVKCPFNKVVGTKPIQEEWTTGFOQTGHTGSWGPVN[CNQPI WTDCPVTCKNUVJCPCP[QVJGT6JGUVWF[EQPENWFGFVJCVUGXGTGETKOGUpFQPQVQEEWTCVJKIJTCVGUqCPF VJCVVJGUGTGUWNVUKPFKECVGFVJCVVTCKNUCTGUCHGTVJCPQVJGTRWDNKEURCEGU 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ 1VJGTUJCXGECWVKQPGFVJCVYJGPCFXKUKPIKPFKXKFWCNUVQDGOQTGRJ[UKECNN[CEVKXGQPGOWUV EQPUKFGTVJGpUQEKCNPQTOUHQTCEVKXKV[TGUQWTEGUCPFQRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTGPICIKPIKPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[q CPFDGCYCTGQHKUUWGUVJCVOC[KPENWFGCTGCETKOGVTCHƂEQTWPRNGCUCPVUWTTQWPFKPIU9KVJQWV VJQUGEQPUKFGTCVKQPUDGKPICFFTGUUGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUYGTGpWPNKMGN[VQRTQFWEGDGJCXKQT EJCPIGq /E0GKNN-TGWVGTCPF5WDTCOCPKCP 5VWFKGUJCXGUJQYPVJCVETKOGKPQWVFQQTCTGCU JKIJFGPUKV[VTCHƂENQYCKTSWCNKV[CPFCNCEMQHRCTMUUKFGYCNMUQTTGETGCVKQPHCEKNKVKGUOC[FKUUWCFG people from using built environment assets and reduce the access that people have to those spaces 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP The East Bay Greenway located within San Francisco also cited issues around unsafe trails and trails VJCVYGTGpRGTEGKXGFVQDGWPUCHGq6JGNCEMQHTGCNCPFRGTEGKXGFUCHGV[DGECOGCDCTTKGTVQVTCKN WUGCPFVQGPCDNKPIRGQRNGVQVCMGCFXCPVCIGQHVJGRQVGPVKCNHQTKORTQXGFJGCNVJQWVEQOGU6JG 'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[CNUQTGEQIPK\GFVJCVCNCEMQHUCHGV[YCUCUUQEKCVGFYKVJVJGKOOGFKCVGJGCNVJ TKUMQHKPLWT[HTQOVTCHƂECPFRGFGUVTKCPCEEKFGPVUCPFVJGNQPIVGTOOGPVCNJGCNVJTKUMCUUQEKCVGF YKVJUVTGUUCPFUQEKCNKUQNCVKQP5WEJUCHGV[EQPEGTPUECPNGCFVQTGFWEGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPFCNCEM QHQXGTCNNGPICIGOGPVYKVJVJGVTCKN *GNNGTCPF$JCVKC #EEQTFKPIVQTGUGCTEJRWDNKUJGF in the American Journal of Public HealthVJGOQUVHTGSWGPVN[TGRQTVGFRNCEGUVJCVRGQRNGHGGNUCHG YCNMKPIGZGTEKUKPIQTWUKPIHQTTGETGCVKQPCNRWTRQUGUCTGPGKIJDQTJQQFUVTGGVUCPFUKFGYCNMU HQNNQYGFD[RWDNKERCTMUCPFQRGPURCEG 2QYGNN/CTVKPCPF%JQYFJWT[

6TCHƂE5CHGV[ 9JKNGTGUGCTEJFGOQPUVTCVGUVJCVETKOGCPFRGTUQPCNUCHGV[CTGPQVFQEWOGPVGFCUUKIPKƂECPVKUUWGU QTEQPEGTPUQPVTCKNUKPLWTKGUTGNCVGFVQVTCHƂEtCPFURGEKƂECNN[RGFGUVTKCPCPFDKE[ENKUVEQNNKUKQPU YKVJCWVQOQDKNGUtOC[DGCFGVGTOKPKPIHCEVQTKPRGQRNGoUQXGTCNNVTCKNWUG+PCPCUUGUUOGPV

37 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

QPEQOOWPKV[VTCKNWUGQHpPGYCPFTGRGCVGZGTEKUGTUqDQVJUCHGCPFYGNNFGUKIPGFVTCKNUYGTG described as enablers for trail use, while trails with unsafe conditions emerged as a primary concern among new exercisers. Safe access from residential areas, among other concerns, were cited as DCTTKGTUVQCEJKGXKPITGIWNCTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ )QTFQP

38 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

/E%CTVV 6JG8KEVQTKC6TCPURQTV2QNKE[+PUVKVWVGCNUQEKVGUVJCVVTCHƂEECNOKPIOGCUWTGUJCXGC XGT[DGPGƂEKCNKORCEVQPYCNMKPICPFE[ENKPITCVGU .KVVOCP #RGFGUVTKCPEQPPGEVKXKV[RNCP*+#KP4QDDKPUXKNNG0%QWVNKPGFVJCVUCHGV[EQPEGTPUOWUV also be incorporated into greenway design. The report discussed improving safety by reducing HCNNUCPFRGFGUVTKCPCPFDKE[ENGEQPƃKEVU6JGTGRQTVCNUQUVTGUUGFRTGXGPVKPICWVQOQDKNGUHTQO JCXKPIKPCFXGTVGPVCEEGUUVQVTCKNUQTITGGPYC[GPVT[RQKPVUD[KPVQZKECVGFQTKPCVVGPVKXGFTKXGTU #FFKVKQPCNN[VJGTGRQTVUQWIJVVQKPVTQFWEGVTCKNFGUKIPUVCPFCTFUEQORNKCPVYKVJVJG2WDNKE4KIJVU QH9C[#EEGUUKDKNKV[)WKFGNKPGU 2419#) CPFVJG#OGTKECP#UUQEKCVKQPQH5VCVG*KIJYC[CPF 6TCPURQTVCVKQP ##5*61 1HƂEKCNU)WKFGHQTVJG&GUKIPQH$KE[ENG(CEKNKVKGU+VEKVGFOQPKVQTKPI the volume and mix of trail users to determine if trail widths were safe and appropriately designed. 5VTGGVETQUUKPIUYGTGIKXGPURGEKƂEEQPUKFGTCVKQPVQGPUWTGVJCVVTCKNWUGTUYGTGXKUKDNGVQVTCHƂECV VTCKNETQUUKPIUCPFKPVGTUGEVKQPU -QUVGNGE2NCPPKPI8KVTWXKCP2NCPPKPI #TGRQTVQPKPLWT[RTGXGPVKQPHQTYCNMGTUCPFDKE[ENKUVUUJQYGFVJCVVJGNKMGNKJQQFVJCVCRGTUQP YCNMKPIQTDKE[ENKPIYKNNDGUVTWEMD[COQVQTKUVXCTKGUKPXGTUGN[YKVJVJGCOQWPVQHYCNMKPIQT DKE[ENKPIPQTOCNN[RTGUGPVKPVJGEQOOWPKV[+HVJGKPETGCUGFVTCKNVTCHƂEKUYGNNOCPCIGFCPF VTCKNWUGTUCPFFTKXGTUDGEQOGOQTGpCEEWUVQOGFVQVJGXQNWOGCPFƃQYqGXKFGPEGUJQYUVJCV VJGRTQRQTVKQPQHKPLWTKGUCPFETCUJGUECPCEVWCNN[FGETGCUGYKVJCFFKVKQPCNVTCKNWUGTU'XKFGPEG UWRRQTVKPIVJGEQPEGRVQHpUCHGV[KPPWODGTUq+VFGOQPUVTCVGFVJCVOQVQTKUVUCTGNGUUNKMGN[VQ EQNNKFGYKVJCRGFGUVTKCPQTE[ENKUVKHOQTGRGQRNGCTGYCNMKPIQTDKMKPI+VHWTVJGTFGOQPUVTCVGFVJCV YKVJGXGPCUOCNNVTCKNWUGTXQNWOGKPETGCUGKPLWT[TKUMUVQVJGKPFKXKFWCNRGFGUVTKCPQTDKE[ENKUVYQWNF NKMGN[FGETGCUG ,CEQDUGP 1PGTGRQTVCNUQFGOQPUVTCVGFVJCVKORNGOGPVKPICPGFWECVKQPCN RTQITCORTQOQVKPIDKE[ENGCPFRGFGUVTKCPUCHGV[HQEWUGFQPPGYCPFQTKPGZRGTKGPEGFTKFGTUCPF YCNMGTUYQWNFNKMGN[OKVKICVGCP[RQVGPVKCNKPETGCUGUKPKPLWT[TKUM &KNNUGVCN 1VJGTUCHGFGUKIPRTQVQEQNUKPENWFGVJGKPUVCNNCVKQPQHCRRTQRTKCVGUKIPCIGHQTDQVJYC[ƂPFKPICPF KFGPVKH[KPIRQVGPVKCNN[FCPIGTQWUKPVGTUGEVKQPU#0CVKQPCN2CTM5GTXKEGVTCKNQWVNKPGFVJGKORQTVCPEG of having appropriate signs to enhance engagement, prevent trail users from becoming lost and ETGCVGCUCHGTGZRGTKGPEG6JGRNCPPQVGFVJCVUKIPCIGECPDGVJGpSWKEMGUVCPFGCUKGUVYC[qVQ NGCXGVTCKNWUGTUYKVJCRQUKVKXGKORTGUUKQPCPFGZRGTKGPEG 0CVKQPCN2CTM5GTXKEG 6JGIWKFG CNUQFKUEWUUGFVJGWVKNK\CVKQPQH/CPWCNQP7PKHQTO6TCHƂE%QPVTQN&GXKEGU /76%& 2GFGUVTKCP Crossing Warning Signs and recommended their installation in advance of trail crossings where trail use and roadways intersect. The plan stated that the signs are especially important where visibility is NKOKVGFD[TQCFEWTXCVWTGXGIGVCVKQPQTJKNNU6JG'TKG%CVVCTCWIWU%QOOWPKV[6TCKN*GCNVJ+ORCEV #UUGUUOGPVJGTGKP0GY;QTMUVCVGKFGPVKƂGFUKOKNCTUVTCVGIKGUVQKORTQXGVTCKNUCHGV[YJKEJKPENWFGF KPUVCNNKPIUKIPCIGCPFETQUUYCNMUCPFWVKNK\KPIVTCHƂEECNOKPIUVTCVGIKGUVQNQYGTXGJKENGURGGFUCPF OCMGOQVQTKUVUOQTGCYCTGPGCTVJGVTCKNCPFCVVTCKNETQUUKPIU6JG*+#CNUQUQWIJVVQGPUWTGVJCV VJGVTCKNYCUYKFGGPQWIJVQCEEQOOQFCVGOWNVKRNGWUGTU 'TKG%CVVCTCWIWU%QOOWPKV[6TCKNPF

6.2 SAFETY AND THE GVG 4GUGCTEJKPFKECVGUVJCVKUUWGUQHRGTUQPCNUCHGV[ECPFGVGTYCNMKPI+PQPGPCVKQPCNUVWF[TGUKFGPVU QHPGKIJDQTJQQFUYKVJOQTGITCHƂVKCPFNKVVGTCPFNGUUQRGPITGGPURCEGYGTGRGTEGPVNGUU NKMGN[VQDGRJ[UKECNN[CEVKXGCPFOQTGVJCPVJTGGVKOGUOQTGNKMGN[VQDGQDGUGVJCPTGUKFGPVU HTQOEQOOWPKVKGUYKVJCEEGUUKDNGRWDNKEURCEGUCPFVTCKNU 'NNCYC[/CEKPV[TGCPF$QPPGHQ[ Creating visible and open spaces and eliminating undergrowth in the built environment has been NKPMGFVQRQUKVKXGGHHGEVUQPRGTEGKXGFRGTUQPCNUCHGV[ ,CPUUQPGVCN 6JGUCHGV[RQTVKQPQH VJKUTGRQTVJCUUQWIJVVQCUUGUUUCHGV[EQPEGTPUCUVJG[TGNCVGVQDQVJVTCHƂEVTCKNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGCPF RGTUQPCNUCHGV[6JGƂPFKPIUCTGTGEQTFGFDGNQY

39 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

%WTTGPV5CHGV[%QPEGTPU 6TCHƂE%TQUUYCNMU #UUVCVGFGCTNKGTVJG)8)ETQUUGUCPWODGTQHUVCVGQTEQWPV[TQWVGU/CP[QHVJGUGKPVGTUGEVKQPUCTG PQVENGCTN[OCTMGFYKVJRGFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIUKIPUQTQVJGTYCTPKPIU #VOKNGVYQQHVJGVTCKNWUGTUQPEGPGGFGFVQETQUU5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF %4 CV2CWN4QCFVQTGCEJ VJGCEEGUURQKPVQP$CNNCPV[PG4QCF %4 #QPGOKNGUGEVKQPQHPGY)8)VTCKNYCUQHƂ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oVETQUUCV5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF6JGTGCTG)8)UKIPUQPVJG PQTVJCPFUQWVJUKFGUQHVJGUVTGGVLWUVDGHQTGVJGVTCKNGPVTCPEGDWVVJGUGCTGUJQTVCPFQDUEWTGF D[XGIGVCVKQP6JGURGGFNKOKVQP5EQVVUXKNNGCPF$CNNCPV[PGTQCFUKUOKNGURGTJQWTDWVVJGNKOKV KPETGCUGUVQOKNGURGTJQWTQP$CNNCPV[PG4QCFLWUVYGUVQHVJGICVGU=#EEQTFKPIVQ)6%oU )GPGUGG(KPIGT.CMGU4GIKQPCN6TCKNU+PKVKCVKXGVJKUKUUWGYKNNDGTGUQNXGFYKVJVJGFGXGNQROGPVQHC OKNGOWNVKWUGVTCKNVJG)8)5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF%QPPGEVKQPCNQPI5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF?

)8)%TQUUKPICV%WN[GTXKNNGRJQVQEQWTVGU[QH)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN

+PCFFKVKQPVQVJGCEEGUURQKPVPQVGFCDQXGVJGTGCTGOQTGVJCPCEEGUURQKPVUVQVJG)8)VJCV ETQUUTQCFYC[U/QUVJCXG)8)UKIPURQUVGFPGCTVJGCEEGUURQKPVUDWVOCP[CTGNQYVQVJGITQWPF and obscured by vegetation. Most access points also don’t have pedestrian crossing signs or a RCKPVGFETQUUKPICTGCKPVJGTQCFHQTVTCKNWUGTUCPFVQCNGTVOQVQTKUVUQHRGFGUVTKCPU#UVJGDemocrat & ChronicleTGRQTVGFKPCDQWVVJGUVTGVEJQHVJGVTCKNQP4QWVGPGCT2KHHCTFp;QWPGGFVQDG ECTGHWNYCNMKPIVJGUGTQCFUYKVJVJGKTDNKPFEWTXGUTQNNGTEQCUVGTUV[NGTKUGUCPFHCNNUCPFYCHGTVJKP shoulders. Get over to the far left or right as soon as you see or hear a vehicle. These are the roads VJCVRGQRNGNQXGVQIQDQQOKPIFQYPq#VNGCUVVYQCEEGUURQKPVUCTGCVCEWTXGKPVJGTQCF6JG RKEVWTGQPVJGTKIJVUJQYUQPGQHVJQUGKPVGTUGEVKQPU2GFGUVTKCPETQUUKPIUKIPUCTGRQUVGFDGHQTGVJG EWTXGKPVJGTQCFCPFVJGURGGFNKOKVKUORJDWVVTCKNWUGTUETQUUKPIJGTGCTGCVKPETGCUGFTKUMQH KPLWT[

40 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

6JGOCLQTKV[QHVJGCEEGUURQKPVUCNQPI VJG)8)CTGCETQUUTQCFUVJCVRTQXKFG easy trail access. Since most of the trail is KPCTWTCNUGVVKPIVJGTGCTGPQVETQUUYCNMU at most of the waypoints. Small signs are usually posted to indicate the trail entrance. Where the Greenway crosses UVTGGVUKPOQTGWTDCPNQECVKQPUETQUUYCNMU may or may not be present. )8)ETQUUKPICV5EQVVUXKNNG4QCF $GVYGGPCPFVJGVTCHƂE RGFGUVTKCPCEEKFGPVTCVGKP/QPTQG%QWPV[YCURGTEGPV 0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[CPF6TCHƂE5CHGV[ #FOKPKUCVTCVKQP (QWTVGGPRGTEGPVQHVJGUGCEEKFGPVUYGTGHCVCN6JGTGYGTGCEEKFGPVU TGRQTVGFYKVJKPOKNGUQHVJG)8)1HVJGUGUKZYGTGEQNNKUKQPUYKVJCDKE[ENKUV QPGHCVCN CPF one was a collision with a pedestrian. It is unclear whether those involved were trail users at the time of the accidents. +P.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[DGVYGGPCPFVJGVTCHƂERGFGUVTKCPCEEKFGPVTCVGYCURGTEGPV 0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[CPF6TCHƂE5CHGV[#FOKPKUCVTCVKQP 6JGTGYGTGCEEKFGPVUTGRQTVGF YKVJKPOKNGUQHVJG)8)1HVJGUGVJTGGYGTGEQNNKUKQPUYKVJCDKE[ENKUVUKZYGTGEQNNKUKQPUYKVJ CRGFGUVTKCPCPFPQPGYGTGHCVCN5KZQHVJGUGCEEKFGPVUQEEWTTGFKP/V/QTTKU+VKUFKHƂEWNVVQ FGVGTOKPGKHVJGUGCEEKFGPVUKPXQNXGF)8)VTCKNWUGTUQTVJGIGPGTCNRWDNKE 9C[ƂPFKPIJCUCNUQDGGPGZRTGUUGFCUCEQPEGTPD[UVCMGJQNFGTUCPFWUGTUQHVJG)TGGPYC[6JG )8)JCUHGYOKNGOCTMGTUHQTTGRQTVKPIQPGoUNQECVKQPKPECUGQHCPGOGTIGPE[+VYCUCNUQTGRQTVGF VJCV)8)VTCKNJGCFUVJCVJCFQPEGNKUVGFVJGTQCFKPVGTUGEVKQPDGKPIETQUUGFYGTGKPVGPVKQPCNN[ TGOQXGFD[CRTGXKQWU)8)OCPCIGT+VKUWPMPQYPYJ[VJKUFGEKUKQPYCUOCFGDWVVJGEWTTGPV OCPCIGOGPVKUUGGMKPIVQJCXGVJQUGTQCFUKIPUTGKPUVCVGFTGRNCEGF

5KIPCIGGZCORNGUQHVJG)8)KPENWFKPIVTCKNJGCFOCTMGTUCPFMKQUM

Some signs containing information about hours of operation, instructions, directions and reminders CDQWVVTCKNTWNGUCPFTGIWNCVKQPUCTGCXCKNCDNG1VJGTUKIPCIGCPFMKQUMUYKVJVTCKNKPHQTOCVKQPCPF history are available along the trail.

41 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

6JGVTCKNRTQXKFGUCFGSWCVGKPHTCUVTWEVWTGHQTDKMKPIDWVVJGVGTTCKPOC[DGDWOR[CVUQOGNQECVKQPU There are a number of other issues with regard to safety on the trail. Lighting is not provided for the )8)GXGPVJQWIJVJGVTCKNKUQRGPWPVKNROCPFOQUVYC[RQKPVUCTGPQVYGNNNKV+PCUWTXG[ QPN[RGTEGPVQHTGURQPFGPVUKPFKECVGFVJCVVJG[XKUKVGFVJGVTCKNKPVJGGXGPKPI #NCEMQHEGNNRJQPGTGEGRVKQPKPCTGCUCNQPIVJG)8)YCUCNUQEKVGFCUCRQVGPVKCNUCHGV[EQPEGTPCU there are no callboxes along the trail. 6JGNCEMQHOCTMGFETQUUYCNMUYCUCNUQOGPVKQPGFCUCEQPEGTPCPFGEJQGFKPHQTOCVKQPRTQXKFGFD[ VJG4GIKQPCN6TCKN+PKVKCVKXG YJKEJEKVGF%W[NGTXKNNGCUQPGRQVGPVKCNFCPIGTQWUETQUUYCNM0;5 2CTMUCPFVJG/QPTQG%QWPV[&GRCTVOGPVQH6TCPURQTVCVKQPCTGKPQPIQKPIFKUEWUUKQPCDQWVUGGMKPI RCKPVGFETQUUYCNMUHQTHQWTTQCFETQUUKPIUQHVJG)8)s$TQQMU4QCF/QTICP4QCF3WCMGT4QCF CPF4QWVG

6.2.2 Safety Issues (Trail Infrastructure/ %QPFKVKQPU Heavy rain in the spring of this year caused the washout of a portion of the trail in Livingston %QWPV[LWUVUQWVJQH;QTM.CPFKPI A barrier and signs were provided to alert users to the instability of VJGVTCKNPGCTVJGYCUJQWV UJQYP TKIJV 6JG)8)(CEGDQQMRCIG provided timely information and warnings for potential trail users. In addition, the spring PGYUNGVVGTTGRQTVGFVJCVVJG VTCKNJCFDGGPTGTQWVGFVQCXQKF CTGCUVJCVHTGSWGPVN[ƃQQFGF and washed out and that an area DGVYGGP2CWN4QCFCPF$CNNCPV[PG Road had been paved. 6JGTGCTGHTGSWGPV(CEGDQQM updates on trail conditions and upcoming trail events. 'TQUKQPCPFYCUJQWVUQPVJG)8) 2GTUQPCN5CHGV[+UUWGU %TKOG 6JG)8)KURCVTQNNGFD[0GY;QTM5VCVG2CTMU2QNKEG#PGEFQVCNKPHQTOCVKQPKPFKECVGUVJCVOQUV VTCKNVTCPUITGUUKQPUKPXQNXGITCHƂVKDWVVJG0;52CTMU2QNKEG&GRCTVOGPVTGRQTVUVJCVVJGOCLQTKV[QH crimes reported in 2015 in both Monroe and Livingston Counties involved larceny. 6JGTGCTGPQECNNDQZGUCNQPIVJG)8)CPFCTGCUCNQPIVJGVTCKNOC[JCXGNKOKVGFEGNNWNCTTGEGRVKQP

42 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

6CDNGDGNQYUJQYUVJGVJTGG[GCTCXGTCIGPWODGTQHETKOGUKPVJG2CTMU2QNKEG&GRCTVOGPVXU /QPTQG%QWPV[ 0GY;QTM5VCVG&KXKUKQPQH%TKOKPCN,WUVKEG5GTXKEGU

TABLE 3 MONROE PARKS PD MONROE COUNTY

Tot Crime 12.3 24717 2011 to 2013 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.7 2673 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 11.7 22044 Tot Crime 13.3 23270 2012 to 2014 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.7 2528 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 12.7 20742 Tot Crime 11.7 21641 2013 to 2015 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.3 2479 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 11.3 19162 Tot Crime 5.7 20183 2014 to 2016 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.0 2410 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 5.7 17774

6CDNG6JTGG[GCTETKOGTCVGKPVJG2CTMU2&XU/QPTQG%QWPV[ 0;5&KXKUKQPQH%TKOKPCN,WUVKEG5GTXKEGU

6CDNGDGNQYUJQYUVJGVJTGG[GCTCXGTCIGKPVJG2CTMU2QNKEG&GRCTVOGPVXU.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[ 0GY;QTM5VCVG&KXKUKQPQH%TKOKPCN,WUVKEG5GTXKEGU

TABLE 2 LIVINGSTON PARKS PD LIVINGSTON COUNTY

Tot Crime 11.0 1119 2011 to 2013 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.3 51 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 10.7 1068 Tot Crime 10.7 1060 2012 to 2014 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.3 52 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 10.3 1007 Tot Crime 9.3 956 2013 to 2015 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.3 60 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 9.0 896 Tot Crime 5.7 956 2014 to 2016 8KQNGPV%TKOG 0.0 60 2TQRGTV[%TKOG 5.7 816

6CDNG6JTGG[GCTETKOGTCVGKPVJG2CTMU2&XU.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[ 0;5&KXKUKQPQH%TKOKPCN,WUVKEG5GTXKEGU

43 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

As the literature indicates, litter has been documented as creating perceptions of personal safety EQPEGTPCPFFKUEQWTCIKPIRQVGPVKCNVTCKNWUGTUHTQOWVKNK\KPIVTCKNUQTITGGPURCEGYKVJVJQUG EQPFKVKQPU6JG0;52CTMU/CPCIGTHQTVJG)8)KUUWGFEQPEGTPUTGICTFKPIQPIQKPIFWORKPICV .KVVNG$NCEM%TGGM2CTM9KVJUWRRQTVHTQOVJG0;52CTMU2QNKEGGPHQTEGOGPVKUDGKPIUVGRRGFWRVQ halt this illegal activity.

6.3 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS 9JGPEQPUKFGTKPITGEQOOGPFCVKQPUVQKORTQXGVJG)TGGPYC[oUUCHGV[TGUGCTEJGTUNQQMGFCVKUUWGU TGNCVGFVQDQVJRGTUQPCNUCHGV[CPFVTCHƂEUCHGV[6JGTGUGCTEJUJQYGFVJCVPQVUWTRTKUKPIN[VTCKNU VJCVCTGHTGGQHETKOGCPFRGFGUVTKCPKPLWT[EQTTGNCVGVQVJGCOQWPVCPKPFKXKFWCNYCNMUYKVJCEVWCNQT perceived safety. #%&%UVWF[HQWPFVJCVHGCTQHNCEMQHUCHGV[TGFWEGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[OQUVKPVJQUGQXGTCIG YQOGPCPFOKPQTKVKGU+PLWTKGUTGNCVGFVQVTCHƂECPFURGEKƂECNN[RGFGUVTKCPCPFDKE[ENKUVEQNNKUKQPU with automobiles, may be a determining factor in people’s overall use of trails. As a result, reducing VJGTKUMQHCEEKFGPVUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[OC[CVVTCEVVTCKNWUGTUYJQCTGJGUKVCPVVQWUGVJGVTCKN The following recommendations focus on safety, in an effort to increase access and engagement. 6JG[KPENWFGRTQXKFKPICFGSWCVGUCHGV[CVCEEGUURQKPVUHQTCNNWUGTUCPFQPYC[UVQRTGXGPVWUGTU from becoming lost.

44 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 6 : Safety The Genesee Valley Greenway

Design road crossings to be safe and to mitigate pedestrian-bicyclist accidents. 5RGEKƂE#EVKQPU r &GUKIPUKIPCIGETQUUYCNMUYKVJVTCHƂEECNOKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGVQNQYGTURGGFUOCMGOQVQTKUVU CYCTGQHRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVKPVGTUGEVKQPUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[ r 2TKQTKVK\GTQCFETQUUKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGGPJCPEGOGPVUCTQWPFKPVGTUGEVKQPUVJCVEWTTGPVN[JCXG KPEKFGPVUQHRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVCPFOQVQTXGJKENGCEEKFGPVU r &KUCNNQYEWTDUKFGRCTMKPIPGCTVTCKNKPVGTUGEVKQPUCPFRTQXKFGCFGSWCVGQHHTQCFRCTMKPI r 9QTMYKVJ0;5&16)QXGTPQToU6TCHƂE5CHGV[%QOOKVVGGVQGFWECVGOQVQTKUVUQPRGFGUVTKCP FKUOQWPVGFE[ENKUVUoTKIJVQHYC[NCYU

45 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 7: Social Cohesion 7.1 SOCIAL COHESION AND HEALTH LITERATURE REVIEW

The Canadian Journal of SociologyFGƂPGUUQEKCNEQJGUKQPCUpVJGYKNNKPIPGUUQHOGODGTUQHC UQEKGV[VQEQQRGTCVGYKVJGCEJQVJGTKPQTFGTVQUWTXKXGCPFRTQURGTq 5VCPNG[ +PCPCTVKENG RWDNKUJGFD[VJG7PKVGF0CVKQPUUQEKCNEQJGUKQPYCUECNNGFVJGpINWGVJCVJQNFUUQEKGV[VQIGVJGTq 6JGYTKVGTUFGUETKDGEQJGUKXGUQEKGVKGUCUQPGUVJCVRTQVGEVRGQRNGCICKPUVNKHGTKUMUJCXGVTWUV COQPIPGKIJDQTUCPFIQXGTPOGPVCNKPUVKVWVKQPUCPFpYQTMVQYCTFUCDGVVGTHWVWTGHQTVJGOUGNXGU CPFVJGKTHCOKNKGUq+PCFFKVKQPITGCVGTKPENWUKXGPGUUOQTGEKXKERCTVKEKRCVKQPCPFKPETGCUGF opportunities for upward mobility were cited as contributing factors to a socially cohesive society 7PKVGF0CVKQPU&GRCTVOGPVQH'EQPQOKECPF5QEKCN#HHCKTU 5VTQPIUQEKCNGPXKTQPOGPVUJCXG EQPUKUVGPVN[DGGPUJQYPVQKORCTVUKIPKƂECPVJGCNVJDGPGƂVUCEEQTFKPIVQOWNVKRNGUVWFKGU $GTMOCP CPF-CYCEJK 5WNNKXCP-WQCPF&GRQQVGT It has also been demonstrated that communities with strong social cohesion experience better health outcomes when compared to poorly integrated or socially disconnected communities. Evidence has correlated the relationship between these social factors and overall rates of physical CEVKXKV[ /E0GKNN-TGWVGTCPF5WDTCOCPKCP 4GUGCTEJJCUUJQYPVJCVCNCEMQHUQEKCNEQJGUKQP ECPKPETGCUGJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUKPENWFKPIVJGTKUMQHOGPVCNJGCNVJRTQDNGOUJGCTVFKUGCUGCPF GXGPFGCVJ $GTMOCPCPF-CYCEJK -CYCEJKCPF-GPPGF[ 1VJGTUVWFKGUFQEWOGPVVJG TGNCVKQPUJKRDGVYGGPRGTEGKXGFPGKIJDQTJQQFUCHGV[CUCpETKVKECNGPCDNGTqHQTTGUKFGPVUoCDKNKV[VQ GPICIGKPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[6JGUVWF[NKPMUUVTQPIUQEKCNTGNCVKQPUJKRUCPFVTWUVYKVJKORTQXGFUQEKCN EQJGUKQPKPEQOOWPKVKGUNGCFKPIVQCPQXGTCNNGPJCPEGFUGPUGQHPGKIJDQTJQQFUCHGV[ ,CPI %QOOWPKVKGUYKVJJKIJGTNGXGNUQHUQEKCNEQJGUKQPJCXGOQTGRGQRNGYCNMKPICVTGEQOOGPFGFNGXGNU 9GPGVCN CPFUWEJpEQOOWPKV[RCTVKEKRCVKQPqYCUTCPMGFCUVJGOQUVKORQTVCPVUVTCVGI[VQ OCZKOK\GJGCNVJDGPGƂVUKPVJG'TKGs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ƂVUUWEJCUQRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTKPETGCUGFUQEKCNKPVGTCEVKQPCPKPETGCUGKPVJGCXGTCIGPWODGT QHPGKIJDQTJQQFTGNCVKQPUJKRUCPFTGFWEGFETKOGFWGVQOQTGRGQRNGYCNMKPICPFJCXKPIVJG CDKNKV[VQYCVEJQXGTVJGPGKIJDQTJQQFYJKNGFQKPIUQ $KE[ENG(GFGTCVKQPQH#OGTKEC%CORCKIPVQ /CMG#OGTKEC9CNMCDNG 6JGITGGPKPIQHQRGPURCEGJCUCNUQDGGPRTQXGPVQRTQOQVGUQEKCN EQJGUKQP -WQCPF5WNNKXCP CPFVJGUGRNCEGUJCXGDGGPFGGOGFpXKVCNPGKIJDQTJQQFURCEGUq VQKPETGCUGUQEKCNEQJGUKQP *CTXCTF-GPPGF[5EJQQNQH)QXGTPOGPV5CIWCTQ5GOKPCT 4GUGCTEJJCUUJQYPCRQUKVKXGTGNCVKQPUJKRDGVYGGPRCTMUCPFUQEKCNEQJGUKQPKPENWFKPICPKPETGCUG in the number of neighborhood interactions and overall social connectedness in green spaces 5WNNKXCP-WQCPF&GRQQVGT *CXKPIHCOKNKCTKV[YKVJQPGoUPGKIJDQTUECPNGCFVQRGTEGKXGF UCHGV[CPFKPETGCUGVJGNKMGNKJQQFQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CEEQTFKPIVQVJG'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[CPFQVJGT UVWFKGU4GIWNCTYCNMKPIJCUDGGPCUUQEKCVGFYKVJCRGTEGRVKQPQHJCXKPICEVKXGPGKIJDQTUVJCV NGCFUVQHWTVJGTpUQEKCNPGVYQTMKPICPFKPVGTCEVKQPUqVJCVECPKPETGCUGJGCNVJQWVEQOGUKPENWFKPI NKHGURCPKORTQXGFOGPVCNJGCNVJCPFTGFWEGFETKOG #FF[GVCN *CS &KHHGTGPVITQWRU QHRGQRNGKPVGTCEVKPVJGUGURCEGUYJKEJUKOWNCVGUUQEKCNEQJGUKQP 2GVGTU'NCPFUCPF$WKLU National research has also concluded that green space is an important factor for mental health,

46 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

GURGEKCNN[CPZKGV[CPFFGRTGUUKQP )TQGPGYGIGPGVCN *GTGKPVJG75VJGOQUVEQOOQP OGPVCNFKUQTFGTKUFGRTGUUKQPYJKEJCHHGEVUPGCTN[RGTEGPVQHVJGCFWNVRQRWNCVKQP %JKW&GONGT CPF9CNVGTU *QYGXGTFGRTGUUKQPECPDGKORTQXGFD[KPVGTCEVKQPYKVJQVJGTRGQRNGCPFGXGP YKVJNQYKPVGPUKV[NGXGNGZGTEKUGUWEJCUYCNMKPI ,CEMUQPCPF5VCE[&GUKIPKPI*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGU 0CVWTCNURCEGFGETGCUGUNGXGNUQHCPZKGV[CPFFGRTGUUKQPCPFKORTQXGUOQQFCPFUGNH GUVGGO #NNGP #EVKXKVKGUNKMGYCNMKPIHQTGZGTEKUGYKVJQVJGTRGQRNGJCXGDGGPUJQYPVQTGFWEG depression symptoms by enabling relationships with others through social activities. Research suggests that social cohesion is the primary purpose that people visit open outdoor spaces, YKVJRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CUCUGEQPFCT[DGPGƂV #OGTKECP2NCPPKPI#UUQEKCVKQP 6JG#OGTKECP 2NCPPKPI#UUQEKCVKQPCNUQKFGPVKƂGUCYKFGTCPIGQHDGPGƂVUCUUQEKCVGFYKVJRCTMUCPFITGGPURCEG CPFEKVGUVJGOCUQPGQHVJGSWKEMGUVCPFOQUVGHHGEVKXGYC[UVQDWKNFCUGPUGQHEQOOWPKV[CPF KORTQXGSWCNKV[QHNKHG6JG[CNUQTGRQTVVJCVDCTTGPURCEGUJCXGVJGQRRQUKVGGHHGEVQPCEQOOWPKV[ CPFVJCVVJG[CTGpOQTGHTKIJVGPKPIVQRGQRNGCPFCTGOQTGETKOGRTQPGVJCPRCTMUNCPFUECRGFYKVJ ITGGPGT[CPFQRGPXKUVCUq ,CEMUQPCPF5VCE[&GUKIPKPI*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGU +PCTGCUYJGTG RGQRNGCTGFKUUCVKUƂGFYKVJCXCKNCDNGITGGPURCEGVJGTGKUCVKOGUKPETGCUGFTKUMHQTOGPVCNJGCNVJ KUUWGU )WKVG%NCTMCPF#EMTKNN 2GQRNGYJQNKXGKPCTGCUYKVJSWCNKV[ITGGPURCEGTGRQTVHGYGT JGCNVJKUUWGUVJCPVJQUGNKXKPIKPCTGCUYKVJQWVVJGO /CCUGVCN 6QHQUVGTUQEKCNEQJGUKQPCPFOCZKOK\GVTCKNDGPGƂVUVCTIGVGFRTQOQVKQPGHHQTVUCTGPGGFGF 9KIIU$TQYPUQPCPF$CMGT 5RGEKƂEDCTTKGTUEQPUKUVGPVN[OGPVKQPGFCTGNCEMQHMPQYNGFIG QHVJGVTCKNCPFQTOQVKXCVKQPVQWUGVJGVTCKN#*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVKP/CTSWGVVG/KEJKICP recommended that to decrease these barriers, a health focused outreach and programming effort YCUPGEGUUCT[VQKPETGCUGWUGQHVJGVTCKNHQTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ 9KUEQPUKP$WTGCWQH'PXKTQPOGPVCN CPF1EEWRCVKQPCN*GCNVJ9KUEQPUKP&KXKUKQPQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ 2CTMUTGETGCVKQPFGRCTVOGPVU and community groups can have a role in educating residents about physical activity and ways to DGEQOGOQTGCEVKXG *GPFGTUQPGVCN 6JTGGMG[GNGOGPVUVQFGXGNQRKPIEQOOWPKV[ECRCEKV[ VQKORTQXGJGCNVJKPENWFGVJGOQDKNK\CVKQPQHCUUGVUVQKORTQXGJGCNVJVJGGZRCPUKQPQHCUUGVU diversifying as time passes, and sustaining community efforts over time to improve community health UVCVWU 5VQMQNUGVCN #FFKVKQPCNN[TCKNVTCKNUNKMGVJG'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[UJQYVJCVRTQITCOOKPI UVTWEVWTGFCEVKXKVKGUVQFTCYNQYKPEQOGCPFCVTKUMITQWRUVJTQWIJEQQTFKPCVGFDKMGTKFGUQTYCNMU YCUCPGEGUUCT[CPFTGEQOOGPFGFUVTCVGI[ *GNNGTCPF$JCVKC 5GXGTCNQVJGTECUGUVWFKGU have illustrated that programming and outreach efforts may increase social cohesion and physical CEVKXKV[#GXCNWCVKQPQHRKNQVRTQLGEVUCVVJTGG75PCVKQPCNRCTMU #ECFKC2QKPV4G[GU

47 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

7.2 SOCIAL COHESION AND THE GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY

7.2.1 Population Demographics #UVJGNKVGTCVWTGKPFKECVGUTGIWNCTYCNMKPIJCUDGGPCUUQEKCVGFYKVJCRGTEGRVKQPQHJCXKPICEVKXG PGKIJDQTUVJCVNGCFUVQHWTVJGTUQEKCNPGVYQTMKPICPFKPVGTCEVKQPUVJCVECPKPETGCUGJGCNVJQWVEQOGU COQPIQVJGTDGPGƂVU +P/QPTQG%QWPV[RGTEGPVQHTGUKFGPVUHGNVVJGKTPGKIJDQTJQQFYCUUWKVCDNGHQTYCNMKPICPF RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPFPGCTN[RGTEGPVQHTGUKFGPVUJCFRCTVKEKRCVGFKPNGKUWTGVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KP VJGRCUVFC[U6JCVPWODGTKPETGCUGFVQRGTEGPVKP.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[DWVQPN[CRRTQZKOCVGN[ RGTEGPVQHTGUKFGPVUJCFRCTVKEKRCVGFKPNGKUWTGVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPVJGRCUVFC[U 0GY ;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ Access to health care also plays a role in a community’s social cohesion. A recent study showed VJCVCFGETGCUGKPUQEKCNEQJGUKQPUEQTGUKPCEQOOWPKV[QEEWTTGFYJGPNGXGNUQHJGCNVJKPUWTCPEG FGETGCUGFKPVJCVEQOOWPKV[#UUGGP6CDNGDGNQYVJGTGCTGUKIPKƂECPVFKHHGTGPEGUYKVJTGICTFVQ healthcare access and mental health rates in Monroe and Livingston counties.

TABLE 5 MONROE .+8+0)5610 % uninsured 7% 7% RTKOCT[ECTGRJ[UKEKCPU-RQRWNCVKQP 134 45 No regular doctor 10.7% 4% % living in health professional shortage area 28% 0% % stressed about having enough money for 35% 43% mortgage or rent % reporting poor mental health 11% 12%

6CDNG*GCNVJECTGCEEGUUCPF/GPVCN*GCNVJTCVGUKP/QPTQGCPF.KXKPIUVQP%QWPVKGU 4QDGTV9QQF,QJPUQP(QWPFCVKQP %QOOWPKV[%QOOQPU 0GY;QTM5VCVG &GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ 5QWTEGU 4QDGTV9QQF,QJPUQP(QWPFCVKQP %QOOWPKV[%QOOQPU 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ

7.2.2 Current Social Cohesion trends on the GVG 6JG(TKGPFUQHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ (1)8) QTICPK\GUJKMGUCPFQVJGTVTCKNGXGPVUCPF RTQXKFGUWRFCVGUQPKVU(CEGDQQMRCIGCUYGNNCUCPGYUNGVVGTVQUWDUETKDGTUVJCVNKUVUWREQOKPI JKMGUXQNWPVGGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUCPFWRFCVGUQPVTCKNFGXGNQROGPVCPFEQPFKVKQPU4GEGPVN[VJG )TQXGNCPF%QTTGEVKQPCN(CEKNKV[CPF5QP[GC5VCVG(QTGUVUGEVKQPQHVJG)8)QRGPGFVJGURTKPI (1)8)PGYUNGVVGTRTQXKFGFKPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVVJKUPGYUGEVKQPQHVTCKNCPFVJGTGSWKTGOGPVUHQT accessing it on the Correctional Facility grounds. 5QOGDCTTKGTUVQUQEKCNEQJGUKQPKPENWFGNCEMQHUCHGV[JKIJNGXGNUQHVTCPUKGPE[NCEMQHKPHQTOCVKQP CDQWVCEVKXKVKGUCPFNCEMQHXQNWPVGGTQRRQTVWPKVKGU6JG(1)8)PGYUNGVVGTCPF(CEGDQQMRCIGCU YGNNCUVJG0;52CTMU(CEGDQQMRCIGYQWNFNKMGN[JGNRVQOKVKICVGVJGUGDCTTKGTUD[GPEQWTCIKPI residents to get involved. Enabling the community to participate in both decisions and policies has DGGPEKVGFCUCPGGFGFCRRTQCEJCPFOGVJQFVQKPETGCUGUQEKCNEQJGUKQP $GTVQVVKGVCN

48 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

7.2.3 Existing programs related to Social Cohesion As the literature indicates, promotion and programming are a core method of increasing social EQJGUKQP9GCTGEWTTGPVN[CYCTGQHUGXGTCNQPIQKPICPFGZKUVKPI)8)RTQITCOUFGUKIPGFVQ increase social cohesion along the Greenway. (1)8)QHHGTUOGODGTUJKRCPF RTQXKFGUCEEGUUVQQTICPK\GF JKMGUCNQPIVJGVTCKNCPFXQNWPVGGT opportunities to help with enhancement and maintenance. /CP[RTQLGEVUCNQPIVJGVTCKN UWEJCUKPUVCNNCVKQPQHMKQUMUCPF benches, trail maintenance and gate painting are completed by (1)8)OGODGTUUEQWVUUVWFGPVU KPNQECNUEJQQNUCPFQVJGTJKMKPI CPFUPQYOQDKNGENWDU (TKGPFU QHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ 6JG#FQRVC6TCKNRTQITCO mentioned earlier offers opportunities to local committees, businesses, service clubs, user groups, families, individuals and others to adopt sections along #FQRVC6TCKNUKIPCIG the entire trail so that volunteers can participate in various trail improvements and assist with general maintenance. 9GIOCPU2CUURQTVVQ(COKN[ 9GNNPGUUDQQMNGVUCTGCXCKNCDNGCV various Wegmans locations and have been used to record visits to VJGVTCKN2CIGUKPVJGDQQMNGVCTG rubbed on signposts as proof of having completed a portion of the trail. $QVJVJG0;55VCVG2CTMUCPF (TKGPFUQHVJG)8)CEVKXGN[ participate in social media RTKOCTKN[(CEGDQQM VQWRFCVG followers on trail activities, ENQUWTGUCPFGXGPVU#SWCTVGTN[ newsletter also enhances social cohesion efforts.

9GIOCPU2CUURQTVVTCKNOCTMGT

49 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

7.3 SOCIAL COHESION RECOMMENDATIONS 4GUGCTEJUJQYGFCNKPMDGVYGGPUVTQPIUQEKCNTGNCVKQPUJKRUCPFKORTQXGFUQEKCNEQJGUKQPKP communities, which improves a sense of safety CPFECPNGCFVQITGCVGTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPENWFKPIYCNMKPI+PCFFKVKQPEQOOWPKVKGUYKVJUVTQPI social cohesion experience better health outcomes when compared to poorly integrated communities or communities that are less socially connected. Social cohesion also is a primary purpose that people visit open outdoor spaces, with physical activity CUCUGEQPFCT[DGPGƂV4GIWNCTYCNMKPIJCUDGGPCUUQEKCVGFYKVJCRGTEGRVKQPQHJCXKPICEVKXG PGKIJDQTUVJCVNGCFUVQHWTVJGTUQEKCNPGVYQTMKPICPFKPVGTCEVKQPUVJCVECPKPETGCUGJGCNVJQWVEQOGU as well. 6QFCVGPQ)8)URGEKƂEFCVCQPUQEKCNEQJGUKQPJCXGDGGPEQNNGEVGFDWVQVJGTFCVCCPF*+#U UWRRQTVVJGPQVKQPVJCVKPETGCUGFUVCMGJQNFGTGPICIGOGPVCPFEQOOWPKV[KPXQNXGOGPVECP RQUKVKXGN[KORCEVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUCPFUQEKCNEQJGUKQPTCVGU The following recommendations focus on efforts to increase trail use through structured activities in RCTVPGTUJKRYKVJNQECNUVCMGJQNFGTU$GECWUGVJG)8)URCPUDQVJWTDCPCPFTWTCNUGVVKPIUYGGZRGEV VJGUGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUVQJCXGCDTQCFKORCEVQPUQEKCNEQJGUKQPCPFUWDUGSWGPVN[QPJGCNVJ outcomes.

50 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 7 : Social Cohesion The Genesee Valley Greenway

51 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 8: Summary of Recommendations 6JG5WOOCT[QH4GEQOOGPFCVKQPUTGRTGUGPVVJGURCPQHCNNU[PVJGUK\GFTGEQOOGPFCVKQPU YKVJKPVJGHQWTRTKQTKVK\GFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUHQWPFYKVJKPVJKU*+#(WTVJGTCPCN[UKUQPVJG recommendations themselves, as well as prior research on other HIAs recommendations made, CUUKUVGFKPVJGKFGPVKƂECVKQPQHHQWTQXGTCTEJKPIECVGIQTKGUVJCVVJGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUTGRTGUGPV 6JGHQWTECVGIQTKGUQHTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUUWDOKVVGFKPVJKUTGRQTVYGTGKFGPVKƂGFCUVJGHQNNQYKPI 5VCMGJQNFGT2CTVKEKRCVKQPCPF%QOOWPKV['PICIGOGPV&CVC%QNNGEVKQP+PVGITCVGF+PHTCUVTWEVWTG +ORTQXGOGPVUCPF2TQITCOOKPICPF1WVTGCEJ 6JKUUGEVKQPHWTVJGTKFGPVKƂGUGCEJTGEQOOGPFCVKQPOCFGCPFRTQXKFGUTCVKQPCNGCUVQYJ[VJG TGEQOOGPFCVKQPYCULWUVKƂGFCPFYJ[KVYCUCUUKIPGFVQQPGQHVJGHQWTEQTTGURQPFKPIECVGIQTKGU 6JGUWOOCT[TGRQTVQHVJQUGƂPFKPIUCTGDGNQY

GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY RECOMMENDATIONS

Stakeholder Participation and Community Engagement

(QUVGTQYPGTUJKRCPFKPXQNXGOGPVKPVJG)TGGPYC[ 5QEKCN%QJGUKQP C &GUKIPGPXKTQPOGPVUVJCVRTQOQVGHQTOCNCPFKPHQTOCNUQEKCNKPVGTCEVKQP b. Involve those living around the Greenway in the planning process. E 7RFCVGVJGEQOOWPKV[QPCEVKXKVKGUCPFOCKPVGPCPEGQHVJGVTCKN

'PUWTGCEEGUUKDNGUCHGCPFOCKPVCKPGFVTCKNUVQRTQOQVGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ C 2CTVPGTYKVJNQECNCPFUVCVGIQXGTPOGPVUCPFEQOOWPKV[QTICPK\CVKQPUVQRTQOQVG opportunities for physical activity through collaborative events and programming on the )TGGPYC[YKVJ0;52CTMUCPF(TKGPFUQHVJG)8) b. Ensure that programming and events are inclusive of vulnerable populations.

'PEQWTCIGQXGTCNNGPICIGOGPVYKVJVJG)TGGPYC[ #EEGUU+PHTCUVTWEVWTG C /CMGVTCKNCEEGUURQKPVUCUHTGSWGPVCURQUUKDNGCPFYJGPRQUUKDNGKPVGITCVGVJGOYKVJQHH trail amenities. D 2TQXKFGVTCKNJWDEQPPGEVKQPUVQPGCTD[DWUKPGUUFKUVTKEVURCTMUCPFUEJQQNU c. Create both public transportation and rideshare hubs at trailheads. F 'PEQWTCIGCFLCEGPVDWUKPGUUGUVQRTQOQVGVJGVTCKNKPENWFKPIRCTVPGTKPIYKVJHCTOGToU OCTMGVUVQRTQOQVGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[QPVJGVTCKN

52 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

2TQOQVGVTCKNWUGCNQPIVJG)8) 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ C 9QTMYKVJTGIKQPCNVQWTKUOQTICPK\CVKQPUVQFGXGNQRCOCTMGVKPI24ECORCKIPHQEWUGFQP CEVKXGNKXKPICPFVJGJGCNVJDGPGƂVUQHNQECNVTCKNUCPFJWDUHQTCTGCTGUKFGPVUCPFXKUKVQTU D 7VKNK\GOCTMGVKPI24ECORCKIPUVQKPETGCUGQXGTCNNCYCTGPGUUQHVJG)TGGPYC[CUCPCEVKXG transportation and recreation corridor to increase overall usage. 'PEQWTCIGDGVVGTKPVGITCVKQPQHEQOOWPKV[QWVTGCEJGHHQTVU 5QEKCN%QJGUKQP C &GXGNQRCPPWCNUVCMGJQNFGTVQWEJRQKPVUYKVJVJGOCPCIKPIGPVKVKGUQHVJG)8) D 9QTMYKVJVJG0;5124*2CPF(1)8)VQETGCVGCPCPPWCNUVCMGJQNFGTOGGVKPIVQ UVTGPIVJGPTGNCVKQPUJKRUCPFICVJGTHGGFDCEMQPVJG)TGGPYC[ E &GXGNQRUVTCVGIKEQRGTCVKQPCNRTQITCOOKPICPFRTQOQVKQPCNIWKFGNKPGUDCUGFQP UVCMGJQNFGTHGGFDCEMVQGPJCPEGEQQRGTCVKXGQWVTGCEJGHHQTVUVQRTQURGEVKXGPGYVTCKNWUGTU of the Greenway. +PETGCUGGPICIGOGPVYKVJVJG)TGGPYC[QXGTVJGNQPIVGTO 5QEKCN%QJGUKQP C 9QTMVQKPVGITCVGVJG)TGGPYC[KPVQNQECNCPFTGIKQPCNIQXGTPOGPVEQORTGJGPUKXGCPF economic development plans. b. Focus on local town and village planning and development efforts within Livingston and Monroe counties. c. When possible, integrate other ecological or heritage tourism planning that is occurring on a local, county or state level.

4CVKQPCNG4GEQOOGPFCVKQPUVJTQWIJCTGDCUGFQPCPWODGTQH*+#UVJCVKFGPVKƂGFVJG KORQTVCPEGQHJCXKPITGUKFGPVUKPXQNXGFKPVJGFGEKUKQPOCMKPIRTQEGUUVQHQUVGTKPENWUKQPCPF DGNQPIKPI*+#UEQPFWEVGFKPDQVJWTDCPCPFTWTCNTGIKQPUUCYCPKPETGCUGKPCEEGUUCPFNKPMCIGUVQ amenities that could assist in the promotion and programming of trail systems. Another HIA found VJCVGPFQTUGOGPVCPFRTKQTKVK\CVKQPQHOCTMGVKPIYGTGMG[VQVJGHWVWTGQHRTQITCOOKPICPFRWDNKE QWVTGCEJVJCVEQWNFGPJCPEGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[QPVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[6JGEQNNCDQTCVKXG CRRTQCEJYCUCNUQGEJQGFQPCPCVKQPCNNGXGNKPUGXGTCNVTCKN*+#U &CXKFUQP2KPCN%TGGM6TCKN'TKG %CVV#VNCPVC$GNVNKPG/CTSWGVVG%QWPV[+EG#IG6TCKN/KF5QWVJ4GIKQPCN)TGGPRTKPV

4GEQOOGPFCVKQPYCUUWDOKVVGFD[VJKU*+#oU5VGGTKPI%QOOKVVGGYKVJKPRWVHTQO0;52CTMU CPF(1)8)CPFUGGPCUCRQUKVKXGUVGRVQGPCDNGITGCVGTCEEGUUVJTQWIJQPIQKPICFXQECE[CPF outreach efforts. 4GEQOOGPFCVKQPYCUCNUQRTKQTKVK\GFD[VJKU5VGGTKPI%QOOKVVGGCUKVRGTVCKPGFVQKORTQXGF social cohesion by enhancing trail surface conditions that could be designed for all users, an approach that is also supported by Health Impact Assessments conducted on other Greenways #PFTQUEQIIKP'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[ 6JGTGJCXGDGGPPQFCVCEQNNGEVGFVQFCVGVQFGVGTOKPGYJGVJGTUVCMGJQNFGTGPICIGOGPVCPF EQOOWPKV[KPXQNXGOGPVJCXGCPKORCEVQPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUQTQPUQEKCNEQJGUKQPQTCEEGUU KPHTCUVTWEVWTGTCVGUCNQPIVJG)8)TGGPYC[ 6JG(1)8)QTICPK\GUJKMGUCPFXQNWPVGGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[RWDNKUJGUCSWCTVGTN[ PGYUNGVVGTCPFOCKPVCKPUC(CEGDQQMRCIGVQKPHQTOKVU HQNNQYGTUCDQWVWREQOKPIGXGPVU CPFVTCKNEQPFKVKQPU6JG)8)5VCVG2CTM(CEGDQQMRCIGOCKPVCKPGFD[0;52CTMUCNUQRTQXKFGU

53 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

KPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVVTCKNGXGPVUCPFEQPFKVKQPUCPFVJG9GIOCPU2CUURQTVVQ(COKN[9GNNPGUU RTQITCOCNNQYUWUGTUVQTGEQTFVJGKTXKUKVUVQVJGVTCKN6JGUGCTGCNNNKMGN[VQEQPVTKDWVGVQKPETGCUGF use of the trail and to social cohesion amongst users. 6JG#FQRV#6TCKNRTQITCOCNUQRTQXKFGUXQNWPVGGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUKPXCTKQWUVTCKNKORTQXGOGPV RTQLGEVUCPFCUUKUVCPEGYKVJIGPGTCNOCKPVGPCPEGYJKEJCNUQEQWNFEQPVTKDWVGVQUQEKCNEQJGUKQPCPF VJGQXGTCNNCRRGCTCPEGCPFCEEGUUKDKNKV[QHVJG)8) One HIA cited above found that the increased supply of trails means increased use. The Groveland %QTTGEVKQPCN(CEKNKV[CPF5QP[GC5VCVG(QTGUVUGEVKQPQHVJG)8)QRGPGFKP/CTEJCPFVJKU year’s annual meeting will be preceded by an outing along this section of the trail. Most recently, CPGYUGEVKQPQHVJG)8)QRGPGFQP5EQVVUXKNNG4FPGCTVJG.KVVNG$NCEM%TGGM2QEMGV2CTMCPF GNKOKPCVGUVJGUGEVKQPVJCVTGSWKTGFWUGTUVQVTCXGNCNQPI5EQVVUXKNNG4F6JGUGGXGPVURTQXKFG opportunities to determine whether trail use is increased by adding new section and increasing CEEGUUCVMG[RQKPVUCNQPIVJGVTCKN

DATA COLLECTION

&GXGNQRRTQVQEQNUVQECRVWTGDCUGNKPGFCVCQPVTCKNWUCIGQXGTVKOG #EEGUU+PHTCUVTWEVWTG a. Install trail counters at multiple locations, especially where trail heads are in proximity to municipal centers. D &QEWOGPVEJCPIGUCPFKORTQXGOGPVUQHVTCKNEQPFKVKQPUCPFCP[EQTTGURQPFKPIFCVCQP increased trail usage. E #PCN[\GFCVCEQNNGEVGFVQKPHQTOYJGTGVTKCNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGQTOCKPVGPCPEGOC[PGGF enhancement. F 4GRQTVVTCKNEQWPVUCPFQXGTCNNVTCKNWVKNK\CVKQPVQ0;52CTMU

8. Initiate surveys on an annual or bi-annual basis for both trail users and non-users in local RTQZKOKV[VQVJG)TGGPYC[ 5QEKCN%QJGUKQP a. Establish baseline data on trail users’ demographics D 6TCEMOGFKCPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUQPVJG)TGGPYC[ E 7VKNK\GUWTXG[TGUWNVUVQKPHQTORQNKE[FGXGNQROGPVCPFKPXQNXGUVCMGJQNFGTUUWEJCU0;5 2CTMU F 7VKNK\GEQNNGEVGFFCVCVQKPHQTOYJGTGVTKCNKPHTCUVTWEVWTGQTOCKPVGPCPEGOC[PGGF enhancement.

4CVKQPCNG These recommendations combine tactics used in both urban and rural trail HIAs. GTC also recently informed us that a trail counting apparatus may be deployed to assist with data collection #VNCPVC$GNVNKPG'TKG%CVV 6JGOQUVTGEGPVUWTXG[QH)8)WUGTUYCUEQPFWEVGFKP+VEQNNGEVGFFCVCHTQOWUGTUCDQWV where they traveled from, how often they used the trail, and in what manner they used it. To date, VJGTGJCXGDGGPPQQVJGTUWTXG[UEQPFWEVGFVQVTCEMWUCIGQXGTVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[QXGTVKOGQT to determine what motivates individuals to use the trail.

54 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS

'PJCPEGVTCHƂEUCHGV[HQTCNNWUGTU 5CHGV[ C 'PUWTGETQUUYCNMUCTGFGUKIPGFHQTCNNWUGTU D &GXGNQRETQUUYCNMUCVTQCFYC[UKP.KXKPIUVQPCPF/QPTQG%QWPV[VJCVETQUUVTCKNCEEGUU points. c. Where paths for pedestrians and cyclists must intersect with the road, place pedestrian and E[ENKUVETQUUKPIUVQKPETGCUGXKUKDKNKV[CPFENGCTN[OCTMETQUUYCNMUHQTOQVQTXGJKENGFTKXGTUVQ identify. F #P#&#EQORNKCPVITCFGVTCKNUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPUJQWNFDGRTGUGPVCVCNNTQCFETQUUKPIU

'PJCPEGRGTUQPCNUCHGV[YKVJKPVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM 5CHGV[ C 2TQXKFGCFGSWCVGYC[ƂPFKPIUKIPCIGCPFNKIJVKPI D +ORNGOGPVUQNCTNKIJVKPIKPJKIJWUGCTGCUPGCTYGNNVTCXGNGFTQCFUCPFRCTMKPINQVU E %TGCVGOKNGOCTMGTUGXGT[OKNGQPVJGVTCKN F +PHQTOCVKQPMKQUMUYKVJOCRUUJQWNFDGRTQXKFGFCVOCLQTVTCKNJGCFUVQIWKFGVTCKNWUGTU along the Greenway G 9C[ƂPFKPIUKIPCIGUJQWNFKPFKECVGVJGRTQZKOKV[VQPGCTD[OWPKEKRCNEGPVGTUKPENWFKPI points of interest and facilities available.

11. Accommodate the needs of all potential Greenway users, especially vulnerable populations. #EEGUUCPF+PHTCUVTWEVWTG C 6TCKNUUJQWNFDG#&#EQORNKCPVKPCTGCUKPENQUGRTQZKOKV[VQTGUKFGPVKCNQTUGPKQTJQWUKPI YKVJ#&#CEEGUUKDNGRCTMKPIURQVUCXCKNCDNG b. Enhance trail surface conditions where cyclists are impeded, especially in the southern half of Livingston County E 'PEQWTCIGCNNRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPRTQXKFGTUYKVJTQWVGUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[VQKPENWFGDKMG TCEMUQPDWUGU F %TGCVGRCTMKPICTGCUYKVJTQQOHQTJQTUGVTCKNGTRCTMKPI

12. Maximize utilization of the Greenway by encouraging infrastructure that connects to the VTCKN #EEGUUCPF+PHTCUVTWEVWTG C 2TQXKFGEQPPGEVKQPUUWEJCUPGYVTCKNUUKFGYCNMUDKE[ENGNCPGUCPFRWDNKEVTCPUKVUVQRU b. In rural areas away from municipal centers expand roadway shoulder width to accommodate E[ENKUVUJKMGTUOQTGUCHGN[

13. Trail/road intersections are advertisements for the trail and thus must be kept to a high UVCPFCTF 5CHGV[ C 2CKPVICVGUTGIWNCTN[TGOQXGYGGFUHTQOIWCTFTCKNUTGRNCEGHCFGFUKIPUCPFTGOQXGITCHƂVK D 9JGTGITCHƂVKVTQWDNGURQVUGZKUVRTQXKFGpITCHƂVKYCNNUqQTQVJGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUHQTETGCVKXG expression along the facility E (CEKNKVCVGGCU[YC[UVQTGRQTVITCHƂVKQTKNNGICNFWORKPIVQ0;52CTMU2QNKEGXKCVGZVOGUUCIKPI QTCPCRRNKECVKQPQRVKOK\GFHQTOQDKNG

55 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

'PEQWTCIGITGCVGTPWODGTUQHWUGTUQHCNNCIGUCPFCDKNKVKGUVQWVKNK\GVJGVTCKN #EEGUUCPF +PHTCUVTWEVWTG C 'PJCPEGEWTTGPVVTCKNEQPFKVKQPUVQDGVVGTCEEQOOQFCVGYCNMKPILQIIKPIDKE[ENKPICPF#&# design standards, where possible. D 7RITCFGVTCKNUWTHCEGHTQOFKTVVQUVQPGFWUVQTCURJCNV FGRGPFKPIQPNQECVKQP E +ORTQXGETQUUUNQRGCPFTGOQXGVTGGTQQVUVQETGCVGCƂTOCPFUVCDNGUWTHCEG

&GUKIPTQCFETQUUKPIUVQDGUCHGCPFVQOKVKICVGRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVCEEKFGPVU 5CHGV[ C &GUKIPUKIPCIGCPFETQUUYCNMUYKVJVTCHƂEECNOKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGVQNQYGTURGGFUCPFOCMG OQVQTKUVUCYCTGQHRGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVKPVGTUGEVKQPUCNQPIVJG)TGGPYC[ D 2TKQTKVK\GTQCFETQUUKPIKPHTCUVTWEVWTGGPJCPEGOGPVUCTQWPFKPVGTUGEVKQPUVJCVEWTTGPVN[JCXG OCP[RGFGUVTKCPDKE[ENKUVCPFOQVQTXGJKENGCEEKFGPVU E &KUCNNQYEWTDUKFGRCTMKPIPGCTVTCKNKPVGTUGEVKQPU F 9QTMYKVJ0;5&16CPF)QXGTPQToU6TCHƂE5CHGV[%QOOKVVGGQPGHHQTVUVQGFWECVGOQVQTKUVU QPRGFGUVTKCPQTFKUOQWPVGFE[ENKUVUoTKIJVQHYC[NCYU

4CVKQPCNG4GEQOOGPFCVKQPUCPFYGTGFGXGNQRGFHTQORQNKEKGUCPFRTQVQEQNUCFQRVGFKP several HIAs focused on safety for all users, with both city and town municipalities coordinating. #NVJQWIJVJG)TGGPYC[JCUCPCEEGRVCDNG#&#UNQRGKVNCEMUCEQORNKCPVVTCKNUWTHCEGVQ accommodate all users. Also, Steering Committee discussions resulted in personal safety being TCPMGFCNQYRTKQTKV[HQTVJG)TGGPYC[DCUGFQPNCEMQHRTKQTKPEKFGPVU6JGUGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUCTG RTKOCTKN[HQEWUGFQPIQQFYC[ƂPFKPIVQRTGXGPVWUGTUHTQODGEQOKPINQUVCPFQPCFGSWCVGUCHGV[ at access points for all users and are primarily based off of recommendations pertaining to trails RTKOCTKN[KPWTDCPUGVVKPIU &CXKFUQP#VNCPVC$GNVNKPG#VNCPVC$GNVNKPG)NGPFCNG4KXGTYCNM

4GEQOOGPFCVKQPUCPFCFFTGUUCEEGUUKPHTCUVTWEVWTGKUUWGUKPXQNXKPIVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[ )TGGPYC[oUVTCKNUWTHCEGYJKNGCNUQEKVKPIWPKHQTOTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUHTQORCTMUVTCKNUCPFITGGPYC[ *+#URGTVCKPKPIVQYC[ƂPFKPI#&#EQORNKCPEGCPFETGCVKPIRCVJYC[UVQPGCTD[COGPKVKGU6JG recommendations are based on a combination of urban and rural trails and greenway policies found KPQVJGT*+#U6JG5VGGTKPI%QOOKVVGGTGSWGUVGFVJCVIWKFCPEGQPJQYVQDGVVGTEQPPGEVOWPKEKRCN population centers be integrated into our HIA. Other HIAs have demonstrated that better connected CPFCEEGUUKDNGVTCKNUNGCFVQKORTQXGFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CPFQXGTCNNJGCNVJQWVEQOGU #VNCPVC$GNVNKPG 'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[2KPCN%TGGM6TCKN)NGPFCNG4KXGTYCNM.QEJ*CXGP2CTM'TKG%CVV#PFTQUEQIIKP #VNCPVC$GNVNKPG/KFFNGUGZ)TGGPYC[ Accident data collected along the Greenway between 2011 and 2015 indicate that accidents within OKNGUQHVJG)8)QEEWTTGFKP.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[CVOQTGVJCPVYKEGVJGTCVGQHVJQUGVJCV occurred in Monroe County. However, the fatality rate in Livingston County was 0 percent compared VQRGTEGPVKP/QPTQG6JGUGFKHHGTGPEGUCTGOQUVNKMGN[CVVTKDWVCDNGVQVJGHCEVVJCVVJGOCLQTKV[ QHVJG)8)KUNQECVGFKP.KXKPIUVQPYKVJQPN[`OKNGUQHKVNQECVGFKP/QPTQG%QWPV[9GJCXGPQV DGGPCDNGVQFGVGTOKPGYJGVJGTVJQUGKPXQNXGFKPCEEKFGPVUCNQPIVJG)8)YGTGVTCKNWUGTU

56 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 8 : Summary of Recommendations The Genesee Valley Greenway

6JGCDQXGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPU UVGOHTQOKFGPVKƂGFKUUWGURGTVCKPKPIVQUCHGV[CNQPIVJG)8) KPENWFKPIKUUWGUQHITCHƂVKVTCKNEQPFKVKQPUQXGTCNNWRMGGRCPFWPOCTMGFETQUUYCNMUVJTQWIJ/QPTQG CPF.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[+PCFFKVKQPVQUWRRQTVKPINKVGTCVWTGHTQO)TGGPYC[*+#UVJCVKFGPVKƂGFUKOKNCT UCHGV[EQPEGTPUTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUQPUCHGV[JCXGDGGPRTKQTKVK\GFKPCPGHHQTVVQKPETGCUGCEEGUUCPF GPICIGOGPV )NGPFCNG4KXGTYCNM/KFFNGUGZ)TGGPYC['CUV$C[)TGGPYC['TKG%CVV 6JG#FQRV#6TCKNRTQITCOCNUQRTQXKFGUXQNWPVGGTQRRQTVWPKVKGUKPXCTKQWUVTCKNKORTQXGOGPV RTQLGEVUCPFCUUKUVCPEGYKVJIGPGTCNOCKPVGPCPEGYJKEJCNUQEQWNFEQPVTKDWVGVQUCHGV[CNQPIVJG )8)

PROGRAMMING AND OUTREACH

2TQOQVGYCNMKPICPFDKMKPICUOQDKNKV[QRVKQPUVQNQYKPEQOGCPFCVTKUMITQWRU #EEGUU CPF+PHTCUVTWEVWTG C &GXGNQRUCHGV[ECORCKIPUCPFVTCKNWUGGFWECVKQPVQTCKUGCYCTGPGUUCPFKORTQXGQXGTCNNVTCKN usage. 17. Increase social cohesion through programming structured activities to draw low income and CVTKUMITQWRU 5QEKCN%QJGUKQP C%QQTFKPCVGDKMGTKFGUCPFYCNMUYKVJCTGCEQOOWPKV[ITQWRU D9QTMYKVJUEJQQNUVQQHHGT[QWVJFGXGNQROGPVRTQITCOUHQNNQYKPIVJGUEJQQNFC[ c. Hold community events and activities at trail hubs within proximity to population centers to increase use of the trail.

+PETGCUGCEEGUUVQJGCNVJ[HQQFUCPFGPEQWTCIGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ #EEGUUCPF+PHTCUVTWEVWTG C %QQTFKPCVGCPFEQRTQOQVGVJGNQECVKQPQHHCTOGTUoOCTMGVUPGCTVTCKNJGCFU

4CVKQPCNG+PVJGG$4(55RGTEGPVQH/QPTQG%QWPV[TGUKFGPVUCPFRGTEGPVQH Livingston County residents reported that had participated in leisure time physical activity in the past FC[U(WVWTGG$4(55TGUWNVUOKIJVTGƃGEVKORTQXGOGPVUKPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[VJCVEQWNFDGCVVTKDWVG VQKPETGCUGFVTCKNWUGFWGVQURGEKƂERTQITCOOKPI

The above recommendations focus on efforts to increase trail use through programming an array QHCEVKXKVKGUKPRCTVPGTUJKRYKVJNQECNUVCMGJQNFGTU6JGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUEKVGFJGTGCTGUWRRQTVGF D[QVJGTWTDCPCPFTWTCN*+#UCUVJG[TGNCVGVQQWVTGCEJ 3WGSWGEJCP4KXGT4CKN6TCKN'CUV$C[ )TGGPYC[2KPCN%TGGM6TCKN/KFFNGUGZ)TGGPYC[)TGGPXKNNG&CXKFUQP #EVKXKVKGUURQPUQTGFD[VJG(1)8)VJG9GIOCPU2CUURQTVVQ(COKN[9GNNPGUURTQITCOCPFVJG #FQRV#6TCKNRTQITCOCNNOGPVKQPGFCDQXGYQWNFNKMGN[EQPVTKDWVGVQKPETGCUGFWUGQHVJGVTCKNCPF to social cohesion amongst users.

57 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 9 : Monitoring & Evaluation The Genesee Valley Greenway

Section 9: Monitoring & Evaluation

9.1 PROCESS EVALUATION +PVJGGCTN[FC[UQHVJKU#FXCPEKPI*GCNVJ+PHQTOGF6TCPURQTVCVKQP&GEKUKQP/CMKPIRTQLGEVKVYCU KFGPVKƂGFVJCVCPKPETGCUGKPUEQRGVQGXQNXGVJKUTGRQTVHTQOC&GUMVQR*+#VQ+PVGTOGFKCVG*+# YCUYCTTCPVGFDCUGFQPVJGQXGTCNNUEQRGQHVJGRTQLGEV&GUMVQR*+#UVTCFKVKQPCNN[FQPQVKPXQNXG CURGEVUQHRTKOCT[TGUGCTEJDG[QPFGZKUVKPIFCVCQTUVCMGJQNFGTGPICIGOGPVDWVVJGEQPXGPKPIQHC Steering Committee enabled the scope and depth of the HIA to increase and broadened the scope QHPGYCPCN[UKUVJCVYCUCDNGVQDGEQPFWEVGF&WGVQVJGGPQTOQWUIGQITCRJKEUEQRGQHVJG)8) KVYCUTGEQOOGPFGFD[VJG5VGGTKPI%QOOKVVGGVJCVVJKU*+#HQEWUGFQPKVUOKNGPQTVJGTPOQUV portion only. The decision to narrow the parameters of assessment was also due in part to the fact that the Greenway extended beyond the geographic boundaries that Common Ground Health and the Genesee Transportation Council represent. The Steering Committee was able to provide guidance on the total scope and parameters of our study and were representative of populations found in those areas. Throughout the year and a half NQPIRTQLGEVVJG5VGGTKPI%QOOKVVGGRTKQTKVK\GFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPVUVQCPCN[\GCPFU[PVJGUK\GF PGYTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUVQKPETGCUGJGCNVJKORCEVUCPFQXGTEQOGJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGU#RTQLGEV team consisting of four staff members at Common Ground Health facilitated Steering Committee OGGVKPIUECRVWTGFUVCMGJQNFGTHGGFDCEMEQNNGEVGFTGUGCTEJCPFCWVJQTGFVJKU*+#

9.2 IMPACT & OUTCOME EVALUATION Over the course of the next three years, Common Ground Health will monitor any policy or RTQITCOOCVKEEJCPIGUOCFGVQVJG)8)VJCVCNKIPYKVJVJGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUJGTGKP9GUVTQPIN[ GPEQWTCIGCNNFGEKUKQPOCMGTUCUUQEKCVGFYKVJVJG)8)VQEQPUKFGTVJGUGTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUKPCNN )8)FGEKUKQPUIQKPIHQTYCTFCPFVQEQNNGEVFCVCCUUQEKCVGFYKVJJGCNVJKORCEVUCUCPGXCNWCVQT EQORQPGPVQHCP[RTQLGEVU

9.3 MONITORING PLAN 6JGJGCNVJKPFKECVQTUKFGPVKƂGFVJTQWIJQWVVJKUFQEWOGPVRTQXKFGCDCUKUHQTHWTVJGTWPFGTUVCPFKPI VJGJGCNVJKORCEVUQHVJG)8)CPFTGEQOOGPFCVKQPUOCFGKPVJKUFQEWOGPV5GXGTCN recommendations indicate a need to collect more data on trail users and the direct impacts that the trail has on health outcomes. Community level data may indicate shifts in overall population health DWVYKNNDGFKHƂEWNVVQCVVTKDWVGVQVJG)8)KVUGNH

58 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Section 9 : Monitoring & Evaluation The Genesee Valley Greenway

It was beyond the scope of this HIA to fully examine all health impacts or disparities associated with VJG)8)(WTVJGTUVWF[CPFTGUGCTEJOC[NGCFVQCOQTGEQORTGJGPUKXGMPQYNGFIGQHVJGJGCNVJ FGVGTOKPCPVURTKQTKVK\GFKPVJKUUVWF[#FFKVKQPCNN[QVJGTUQEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJDG[QPFVJG scope of this study may be further examined. Based on the scope of this HIA, other ideas for further UVWF[OC[KPENWFG #*+#QPVJGUQWVJGTPOQUVOKNGRQTVKQPQHVJG)8)KP0;5KPENWFKPI9[QOKPICPF Alleghany Counties. #PCPPWCNWUGTUWTXG[VQOQTGEQORTGJGPUKXGN[WPFGTUVCPFYJQKUCPFYJQKUPoVCEEGUUKPI QTWVKNK\KPIVJG)TGGPYC[CPFKFGPVKH[QXGTCNNFGOCPFHQTTGETGCVKQPCNCUUGVUCPFYJCVHWTVJGT barriers to access may exist. #HWTVJGTKPFGRVJUVWF[QHHQQFFGUGTVUCNQPIVJGGPVKTGOKNGUEQRGQHVJG)TGGPYC[YKVJ KFGPVKƂECVKQPQHYJGTGHQQFCEEGUUOC[DGKORTQXGF #UVWF[HWTVJGTGZCOKPKPICTGCUQHJKIJRGFGUVTKCPQTDKE[ENGCEEKFGPVUYKVJOQVQTXGJKENGUCPF KFGPVKƂECVKQPQHVCTIGVCTGCUKPPGGFQHKORTQXGFCPFGPJCPEGFETQUUYCNMU #UVWF[QPYJGTGCPFJQYRWDNKEVTCPURQTVCVKQPOC[DGVVGTKPVGITCVGYKVJ)8)VTCKNJGCFCEEGUU points. #FGVCKNGFGZCOKPCVKQPQHJQYKORTQXGFVTCKNUWTHCEGEQPFKVKQPUOC[KPETGCUGQXGTCNN GPICIGOGPVYKVJVJG)TGGPYC[KPENWFKPIRQRWNCVKQPUKPPGGFQH#&#CEEQOOQFCVKQPU

59 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

References #DKNFUQ%)

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$NCPEM#NNGP$CUJKT)QTFQP)QQFOCP/4WVV .GVoU)QVQVJG2CTM6QFC[6JG4QNGQH 2CTMUKP1DGUKV[2TGXGPVKQPCPF+ORTQXKPIVJG2WDNKEoU*GCNVJChildhood Obesity, 8(5) Childhood Obesity. $TCXGOCP'IGTVGT PF 1XGTEQOKPIQDUVCENGUVQJGCNVJ4GRQTVHTQOVJG4QDGTV9QQF,QJPUQP (QWPFCVKQPVQVJGEQOOKUUKQPVQDWKNFCJGCNVJKGT#OGTKEC2TKPEGVQP0GY,GTUG[4QDGTV Wood Johnson Foundation. $TCXGOCP)TWUMKP &GƂPKPI'SWKV[KP*GCNVJJournal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57,QWTPCNQH'RKFGOKQNQI[CPF%QOOWPKV[*GCNVJ $TCXGOCP2#%WDDKP%'IGTVGT59KNNKCOU&42COWM' 5QEKQGEQPQOKE &KURCTKVKGUKP*GCNVJKPVJG7PKVGF5VCVGU9JCVVJG2CVVGTPU6GNN7UAmerican Journal of Public Health, 100(Suppl 1)5s5#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJFQK #,2* $TQYPUQP$CMGT$Q[F%CKVQ&WIICP*QWUGOCPP9CNVQP #EQOOWPKV[DCUGF CRRTQCEJVQRTQOQVKPIYCNMKPIKPTWTCNCTGCUAmerican Journal of Preventitive Medicine, 1(27), s#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRU YYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF $TQYPUQP*QWUGOCPP$TQYP,CEMUQP6JQORUQP-KPI/CNQPG5CNNKU #RTKN 2TQOQVKPIRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPTWTCNEQOOWPKVKGUYCNMKPIVTCKNCEEGUUWUGCPFGHHGEVUAmerican Journal of Preventitive Medicine, 3(18)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG 4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF $TQYPUQP4% 2TQOQVKPICPFGXCNWCVKPIYCNMKPIVTCKNUKPTWTCN/KUUQWTKSaint Louis University School of Public Health5CKPV.QWKU7PKXGTUKV[5EJQQNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ $WGUEJGT*CTMGT-CWT/QVG &GEGODGT #$'4&''02'&'564+#064#052146#6+10 2.#0*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVABERDEEN PEDESTRIAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN - Health Impact Assessment#DGTFGGP0QTVJ%CTQNKPC6QYPQH#DGTFGGP $WTDKFIG)QWNKCU 'XCNWCVKPIVJG+ORCEVQH0GKIJDQTJQQF6TCKN&GXGNQROGPVQP#EVKXG 6TCKN$GJCXKQTCPF1XGTCNN2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[QH5WDWTDCP4GUKFGPVUJournal of the Transportation Research Board, 21356TCPURQTVCVKQP4GUGCTEJ$QCTF %GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQP /QTDKFKV[CPF/QTVCNKV[9GGMN[4GRQTV48 %GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQP %GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQP &GEGODGT Adult Obesity Facts. Retrieved HTQO%GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQPJVVRUYYYEFEIQXQDGUKV[FCVCCFWNVJVON %GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQP &GEGODGT Community Gardens. Retrieved HTQO%GPVGTHQT&KUGCUG%QPVTQNCPF2TGXGPVKQPJVVRUYYYEFEIQXJGCNVJ[RNCEGU JGCNVJVQRKEUJGCNVJ[HQQFEQOOWPKV[JVO %JKW&GONGT9CNVGTU 2TGXCNGPEGUGXGTKV[CPFEQOQTDKFKV[QHOQPVJ&5/+8FKUQTFGTU in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62s %JWTEJ,' 0QXGODGT %QORNGVG5VTGGVU2TQXKFKPI#EEGUUHQT'XGT[QPGCentral Massachusetts Regional Planning Commission/CUUCEJWUGVVU7PKVGF5VCVGUQH#OGTKEC /CUUCEJWUGVVU2WDNKE*GCNVJ#UUQEKCVKQP

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%NKHVQP/QTTKUUG[4KVVGT %CVGTKPIVQVJG$KE[ENKPI/CTMGVBusiness Cycles, 280s Business Cycles. %QJGP&GDQTCJ5GJICN9KNNKCOUQP5VWTO/E-GP\KG.WTKG 2CTM7UGCPF2J[UKECN #EVKXKV[KPC5CORNGQH2WDNKE2CTMUKPVJG%KV[QH.QU#PIGNGURAND Technical Reports4#0& %QTRQTCVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYTCPFQTIRWDUVGEJPKECNATGRQTVU 64JVON %QJGP/E-GP\KG5GJICN9KNNKCOUQP)QNKPGNNK.WTKG /CTEJ %QPVTKDWVKQPQH2WDNKE 2CTMUVQ2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[American Journal of Public Health , 97(3)#OGTKECP ,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQX RWDOGF %QOOKVVGGQP*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV0CVKQPCN4GUGCTEJ%QWPEKN +ORTQXKPI*GCNVJ KPVJG7PKVGF5VCVGU6JG4QNGQH*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVNational Research Council. 9CUJKPIVQP&KUVTKEVQH%QNWODKC0CVKQPCN4GUGCTEJ%QWPEKN4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRYYYPCVKQPCNCECFGOKGUQTIJOF`OGFKC(KNGU#EVKXKV[(KNGU'PXKTQPOGPV 'PXKTQPOGPVCN*GCNVJ460QX46RFH %QOOWPKV[%QOOQPU Community Health Needs Assessment4GVTKGXGF1EVQDGT HTQOJVVRUYYYEQOOWPKV[EQOOQPUQTIEJPC %QWPV[*GCNVJ4CPMKPIU &GEGODGT Green space & Parks. Retrieved from County Health 4CPMKPIUJVVRYYYEQWPV[JGCNVJTCPMKPIUQTIVCMGCEVKQPKORTQXGJGCNVJYJCVYQTMUJGCNVJ ITGGPURCEGRCTMU %QWPV[QH.QU#PIGNGU&GRCTVOGPVQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ 2TGXGPVKPI%JKNFJQQF1DGUKV[6JG 0GGFVQ%TGCVG*GCNVJ[2NCEGU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRNCRWDNKEJGCNVJQTI YYYƂNGURJJCGGRKEJTEJKNFJQQFAQDGUKV[RFH &KNNU2QTVGT4WUJKPI(KNNGT ,WPG /KF5QWVJ4GIKQPCN)TGGPRTKPV*GCNVJ+ORCEV Assessment; Final Report. Mid-South Regional Greenprint Health Impact Assessment, 55. )GQTIKC*GCNVJ2QNKE[%GPVGT)GQTIKC5VCVG7PKXGTUKV[ &WPVQP(TKFNWPF5RTWKLV/GV\9QNEJ%JQW,GTTGVV$4G[PQNFU ,WN[ 4GCUQPUHQT 7TDCP6TCKN7UG2TGFKEV.GXGNUQH6TCKN4GNCVGF2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 6(4)s,QWTPCNQH2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[*GCNVJ4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF 'NNCYC[/CEKPV[TG$QPPGHQ[ )TCHƂVKITGGPGT[CPFQDGUKV[KPCFWNVU5GEQPFCT[CPCN[UKU of European cross sectional survey. British Medical Journal, 331(7517)$TKVKUJ/GFKECN ,QWTPCNFQKDOL( 'RUVGKP4CLC&CPKGN2CNWEJ9KNƃG[5CGNGPU4QGOOKEJ 6JG$WKNV'PXKTQPOGPV Moderates Effects of Family Based Childhood Obesity Treatment Over 2 Years. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 44(2)#PPCNUQH$GJCXKQTCN/GFKEKPG 'TKG%CVVCTCWIWU%QOOWPKV[6TCKN PF 'TKG%CVVCTCWIWU%QOOWPKV[6TCKN*GCNVJ+ORCEV #UUGUUOGPV'TKG%CVVCTCWIWU4CKN6TCKN+PE 'UVCDTQQMU2CWN.GG)[WTEUKM 4GUQWTEGUHQTRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[RCTVKEKRCVKQPFQGU CXCKNCDKNKV[CPFCEEGUUKDKNKV[FKHHGTD[PGKIJDQTJQQFUQEKQGEQPQOKEUVCVWU!Annals Of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication Of The Society Of Behavioral Medicine, 256JG Society Of Behavioral Medicine.

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'XGPUQP$NQEM4QWZ&/E)KPP9GP4QFTÉIWG\ &GEGODGT #UUQEKCVKQPUQHCFWNV RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[YKVJRGTEGKXGFUCHGV[CPFRQNKEGTGEQTFGFETKOGVJG/WNVKGVJPKE5VWF[QH Atherosclerosis. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 9(146). +PVGTPCVKQPCN,QWTPCNQH$GJCXKQTCN0WVTKVKQPCPF2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXROECTVKENGU2/% 'XGPUQP*GTTKPI*WUVQP (GDTWCT[ 'XCNWCVKPIEJCPIGKPRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[YKVJVJG DWKNFKPIQHCOWNVKWUGVTCKNAmerican Journal of Preventitive Medicine, 2(2)#OGTKECP ,QWTPCNQH2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJ IQXRWDOGF 'YKPI-TGWV\GT /C[ 7PFGTUVCPFKPIVJG4GNCVKQPUJKR$GVYGGP2WDNKE*GCNVJCPF VJG$WKNV'PXKTQPOGPV#4'214624'2#4'&(146*'.''&0&%14'%1//+66'' Understanding the Relationship Between Public Health and the Built Environment.75)TGGP $WKNFKPI%QWPEKN4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYWUIDEQTIUKVGUFGHCWNVƂNGU RWDNKEJGCNVJDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVRFH '[NGT$TQYPUQP$CECM*QWUGOCPP 5GRVGODGT 6JG'RKFGOKQNQI[QH9CNMKPIHQT2J[UKECN #EVKXKV[KPVJG7PKVGF5VCVGUMedicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(9) /GFKEKPGCPF5EKGPEGKP5RQTVUCPF'ZGTEKUG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYY PEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF '[NGT.CPMHQTF%JTKSWK'XGPUQP-TWIGT6QORMKPU$TQYPUQP /CTEJ #PCPCN[UKUQHUVCVG legislation on community trails. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 7(1)5s5,QWTPCNQH 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[CPF*GCNVJ4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQX RWDOGF (GTFKPCPF5GP4JWTMCT'PINGT/ 1EVQDGT 6JGTGNCVKQPUJKRDGVYGGPDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVU CPFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CU[UVGOCVKETGXKGYAmerican Journal of Public Health, 102(10) #OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJFQK#,2* (NKPM%#1- 6TCKNUHQTVJGVYGPV[ƂTUVEGPVWT[RNCPPKPIFGUKIPCPFOCPCIGOGPVOCPWCN HQTOWNVKWUGVTCKNU2nd9CUJKPIVQP&KUVTKEVQH%QNWODKC+UNCPF2TGUU (NQWTPQ[ *GCNVJ[(QQF*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGU2TQOKUKPI5VTCVGIKGUVQ+ORTQXG#EEGUU to Fresh, Healthy Food and Transform Communities. Healthy Food, Healthy Communities Promising Strategies to Improve Access to Fresh, Healthy Food and Transform Communities. 2QNKE[.KPM4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYRQNKE[NKPMQTIUKVGUFGHCWNVƂNGU *(*%A(7..A(+0#.A2&( (TCPM#PFTGUGP5EJOKF #WIWUV 1DGUKV[4GNCVKQPUJKRUYKVJ%QOOWPKV[&GUKIP2J[UKECN Activity, and Time Spent in Cars. American Journal of Preventitive Medicine, 27(2) #OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYY PEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF (TKGPFUQHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ #RTKN SlideShare. Retrieved February 28, 2018, HTQOJVVRUYYYUNKFGUJCTGPGV,QCP5EJWOCMGTHQIXIRTQITCOCRTKN (TKGPFUQHVJG)GPGUGG8CNNG[)TGGPYC[ Greenway News4GVTKGXGF(GDTWCT[HTQO JVVRHQIXIQTIYREQPVGPVWRNQCFU9KPVGT)TGGPYC[0GYURFH (WTWUGVJ#NVOCP /C[ 9JQoUQPVJGITGGPYC[UQEKQPGEQPQOKEFGOQITCRJKECPF locational characteristics of greenway users. Environmental Management, 15(3) 'PXKTQPOGPVCN/CPCIGOGPV4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUNKPMURTKPIGTEQO CTVKENG$(

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)GPGUGG4KXGT9KNFU /CTEJ 6TKRNG&KXKFG6TCKN5[UVGO5WOOCT[$GNOQPV0GY;QTM )GPGUGG4KXGT9KNFU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO)GPGUGGTKXGTYKNFUQTIJVVRYYY IGPGUGGTKXGTYKNFUQTIVTKRNGFKXKFGVTCKNUWORFH )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN #WIWUV 4GIKQPCN6TCKNU+PKVKCVKXG'ZGEWVKXG5WOOCT[ Regional Trails Initiative)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRCVƂNGUQTIƂNGURFH4QEJGUVGT0;RFH )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN (GDTWCT[ )GPGUGG(KPIGT.CMGU4GIKQPCN6TCKN+PKVKCVKXG 2JCUG+++Genesee-Finger Lakes Regional Trail Initiative Phase III)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP Council. )GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN ,WPG .QPI4CPIG6TCPURQTVCVKQP2NCP4QEJGUVGT 0GY;QTM)GPGUGG6TCPURQTVCVKQP%QWPEKN )QDUVGT 1EVQDGT 2GTEGRVKQPCPFWUGQHCOGVTQRQNKVCPITGGPYC[U[UVGOHQTTGETGCVKQP Landscape and Urban Planning, 33(1-3).CPFUECRGCPF7TDCP2NCPPKPI4GVTKGXGF &GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYUEKGPEGFKTGEVEQOUEKGPEGCTVKENGRKK# )QTFQP

64 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

*CTXCTF-GPPGF[5EJQQNQH)QXGTPOGPV5CIWCTQ5GOKPCT The Saguaro Seminar: Civic Engagement in America4GVTKGXGFHTQO*CTXCTF-GPPGF[5EJQQNQH)QXGTPOGPV5CIWCTQ 5GOKPCTJVVRUUKVGUJMUJCTXCTFGFWUCIWCTQOGCUWTGOGPVOGCUWTGOGPVJVO *GNNGT$JCVKC 5GRVGODGT 6JG'CUV$C[)TGGPYC[*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV*WOCP +ORCEV2CTVPGTU *GPFGTUQP0GHH5JCTRG)TGCPG[4Q[EG#KPUYQTVJ +V6CMGUC8KNNCIGqVQ2TQOQVG 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[6JG2QVGPVKCNHQT2WDNKE2CTMCPF4GETGCVKQP&GRCTVOGPVUJournal of Park and Recreation Administration, 19(1),QWTPCNQH2CTMCPF4GETGCVKQP#FOKPKUVTCVKQP *GUU/QWFQP5P[FGT5VCPKNQX 5KVG&GUKIPCPF2GFGUVTKCP6TCXGNTransportation Research Record 16746TCPURQTVCVKQP4GUGCTEJ4GEQTF4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUVCHHYCUJKPIVQPGFWOQWFQPYTKVKPIFQEUUKVGFGUKIPRFH *KNN$TQRJ[$TWPV5VQTG[6JQOCU6JQTPVQP.[QPU /CTEJ 2TQVQEQNQHVJGDCUGNKPG CUUGUUOGPVHQTVJG'PXKTQPOGPVUHQT*GCNVJ[.KXKPI '*. 9CNGUEQJQTVUVWF[BMC Health, 10, 7PKVGF-KPIFQO$/%*GCNVJFQK *QGJPGT$TQYPUQP#NNGP)TCOCPP$GJTGPU(NQ[F;QWPV /CTEJ 2CTMURTQOQVKPI RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[U[PVJGUKUQHƂPFKPIUHTQOKPVGTXGPVKQPUKPUGXGPPCVKQPCNRCTMUJournal of Physical Activity and Health, 7(1)5s54GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYY PEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF *WIIGTV2QYGNN .QPFQP%[ENG0GVYQTM&GUKIP/CPWCN7-&KTGEVQTQH'PXKTQPOGPVCN Services, Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames. *WOCP+ORCEV2CTVPGTU (GDTWCT[ A Health Impact Assessment Toolkit: A Handbook to Conducting HIA, 3rd Edition.1CMNCPF*GCNVJ+ORCEV2CTVPGTU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQO*WOCP+ORCEV2CTVPGTUJVVRFQERNC[GTPGV#JGCNVJKORCEVCUUGUUOGPV VQQNMKVCJCPFDQQMVQEQPFWEVKPIJKCTFGFKVKQPJVON *WUVQP5'XGPUQP-$QTU)K\NKEG 0GKIJDQTJQQFGPXKTQPOGPVCEEGUUVQRNCEGUHQT CEVKXKV[CPFNGKUWTGVKOGRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPCFKXGTUG0QTVJ%CTQNKPCRQRWNCVKQPAmerican Journal of Health Promotion, 18#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH*GCNVJ2TQOQVKQP +PUVKVWVGQH/GFKEKPG #EEGNGTCVKPI2TQITGUUKP1DGUKV[2TGXGPVKQP5QNXKPIVJG9GKIJVQH the Nation. The National Academies Press9CUJKPIVQP&KUVTKEVQH%QNWODKC6JG0CVKQPCN #ECFGOKGU2TGUU +PVGTPCVKQPCN%KV[%QWPV[/CPCIGOGPV#UUQEKCVKQP +%/# #WIWUV %QOOWPKV[*GCNVJCPF (QQF#EEGUU6JG.QECN)QXGTPOGPV4QNGCommunity Health and Food Access: The Local Government Role+PVGTPCVKQPCN%KV[%QWPV[/CPCIGOGPV#UUQEKCVKQP +%/# 4GVTKGXGF &GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUKEOCQTIUKVGUFGHCWNVƂNGUARFH +PVGTPCVKQPCN%KV[%QWPV[/CPCIOGPV#UUQEKCVKQP ,CPWCT[ #EVKXG.KXKPICPF5QEKCN 'SWKV[%TGCVKPI*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGUHQTCNN4GUKFGPVU( E-43306)+PVGTPCVKQPCN%KV[%QWPV[ /CPCIOGPV#UUQEKCVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYECKNIQTIUKVGUOCKP ƂNGUƂNGCVVCEJOGPVUTRVAKEOCALCPRFH ,CEMUQP-QEMNKV\M[ %TGCVKPIC*GCNVJ['PXKTQPOGPV6JG+ORCEVQHVJG$WKNV'PXKTQPOGPV QP2WDNKE*GCNVJ5RTCYN9CVEJ%NGCTKPIJQWUG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYY URTCYNYCVEJQTIJGCNVJRFH

65 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

,CEMUQP5VCE[ &GUKIPKPI*GCNVJ[%QOOWPKVKGU5CP(TCPEKUEQ%CNKHQTPKC,QUUG[$CUU ,CEQDUGP 5CHGV[KPPWODGTUOQTGYCNMGTUCPFDKE[ENKUVUUCHGTYCNMKPICPFDKE[ENKPIInjury Prevention, 9$/,4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRKPLWT[RTGXGPVKQPDOL EQOEQPVGPV ,CPI4C 0GKIJDQTJQQF&KUQTFGT(GCTCPF/KUVTWUV6JG$WHHGTKPI4QNGQH5QEKCN6KGUYKVJ Neighbors. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH %QOOWPKV[2U[EJQNQI[ ,CPUUQP(QTU.KPFITGP9KUVTÒO 2GTEGKXGFRGTUQPCNUCHGV[KPTGNCVKQPVQWTDCPYQQFNCPF XGIGVCVKQPs#TGXKGYUrban Forestry & Urban Greening, 12(2)7TDCP(QTGUVT[ 7TDCP)TGGPKPIFQKLWHWI -CE\[PUMK2QVYCTMC5CGNGPU #WIWUV #UUQEKCVKQPQHRCTMUK\GFKUVCPEGCPFHGCVWTGUYKVJ RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPPGKIJDQTJQQFRCTMUAmerican Journal of Public Health, 98(8)s #OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJFQK#,2*

-CYCEJK-GPPGF[ 5QEKQGEQPQOKE&GVGTOKPCPVUQH*GCNVJ*GCNVJCPF5QEKCN%QJGUKQP 9J[%CTG#DQWV+PEQOG+PGSWCNKV[British Medical Journal, 314(7086))TGCV$TKVCKP British Medical Journal. -GTMGUNCIGT# 6TKRNG&KXKFG6TCKN5[UVGO2CTVTriple Divide Trail System, viii. $GNOQPV0GY;QTM)GPGUGG4KXGT9KNU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYY IGPGUGGTKXGTYKNFUQTIVTKRNGFKXKFGVTCKN2CTVRFH -KTVNCPF2QTVGT#FF[0GGV9KNNKCOU5JCTRG#KPUYQTVJ /C[ 'PXKTQPOGPVCNOGCUWTGUQH RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[UWRRQTVURGTEGRVKQPXGTUWUTGCNKV[American Journal of Preventitive Medicine, 24(4)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTBHTQO JVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF -KVCOWTC4/QMJCTKCP2.CKFGV. #/KETQ#PCN[UKUQH.CPF7UGCPF6TCXGNKP(KXG Neighborhoods in the San Francisco Bay Area. Transportation , 24(2)6TCPURQTVCVKQP Research Board. -QEMGNOCP%JGP0KEJQNU ,CPWCT[ 6JG'EQPQOKEUQH6TCPURQTVCVKQP5[UVGOU#4GHGTGPEG HQT2TCEVKVKQPGTUTxDOT Project 0-6628: Economic Considerations in Transportation System. %GPVGTHQT6TCPURQTVCVKQP4GUGCTEJ7PKXGTUKV[QH6GZCU -QUVGNGE2NCPPKPI8KVTWXKCP2NCPPKPI ,WN[ 4QDDKPUXKNNG2GFGUVTKCP%QPPGEVKXKV[2NCP *GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVRobbinsville Pedestrian Connectivity Plan & Health Impact Assessment4QDDKPUXKNNG0QTVJ%CTQNKPC6QYPQH4QDDKPUXKNNG -TK\GM'N)GPGKF[-6 #FGVCKNGFCPCN[UKUQHJQYCPWTDCPVTCKNU[UVGOCHHGEVUE[ENKUVUo travel. Transportation, 34s6TCPURQTVCVKQP -WQ5WNNKXCP /C[ '08+410/'06#0&%4+/'+06*'+00'4%+6;&QGU 8GIGVCVKQP4GFWEG%TKOG!ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR, 33(3)5CIG 2WDNKECVKQPU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVREKVGUGGTZKUVRUWGFWXKGYFQE FQYPNQCF!FQK TGR TGRV[RG RFH .GUNKG'XKG%GTKP-TGOGT 2GTEGKXGFPGKIJDQTJQQFGPXKTQPOGPVCPFRCTMWUGCU OGFKCVQTUQHVJGGHHGEVQHCTGCUQEKQGEQPQOKEUVCVWUQPYCNMKPIDGJCXKQTUJournal Of Physical Activity & Health, 7,QWTPCN1H2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[*GCNVJ

66 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

.KDTGVV;QTG5EJOKF %JCTCEVGTKUVKEUQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNUCOQPIVTCKNWUGTUKPC75 national sample. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 5(31)s#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH 2TGXGPVKXG/GFKEKPG .KVVOCP &GEGODGT 6TCHƂE%CNOKPI$GPGƂVU%QUVUCPF'SWKV[+ORCEVU6TCHƂE%CNOKPI $GPGƂVU%QUVUCPF'SWKV[+ORCEVU8KEVQTKC6TCPURQTV2QNKE[+PUVKVWVG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUYYYIQQINGEQOWTN!UC VTEV LS GUTE UUQWTEG YGDEF ECF T LCWCEV XGF CJ7-'YK4SSG[Z

.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[2NCPPKPI&GRCTVOGPV.KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[,WPG#EEGUUGF(GDTWCT[ JVVRYYYEQNKXKPIUVQPUVCVGP[WU&QEWOGPV%GPVGT8KGY .QWMCKVQW5KFGTKU +UKV5CHGVQ9CNM!0GKIJDQTJQQF5CHGV[CPF5GEWTKV[%QPUKFGTCVKQPUCPF 6JGKT'HHGEVUQP9CNMKPIJournal of Planning Literature, 20(3),QWTPCNQH2NCPPKPI Literature.

.WUM/QTGPE[/KTCPFC/QTGPQ9KNNGVV&GPPGTNGKP ,WN[ $KE[ENG)WKFGNKPGUCPF%TCUJ 4CVGUQP%[ENG6TCEMUKPVJG7PKVGF5VCVGUAmerican Journal Of Public Health, 103(7) #OGTKECP,QWTPCN1H2WDNKE*GCNVJ .[PQVV /C[ 2NCPPKPI%QORNGVG5VTGGVUHQTCP#IKPI#OGTKECIn Brief 167, 167##42 2WDNKE2QNKE[+PUVKVWG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUCUUGVUCCTRQTITIEGPVGTKN KPDAUVTGGVURFH /CCU,QNCPFC8GTJGKL)TQGPGYGIGP8TKGUF5RTGGWYGPDGTI )TGGPURCEGWTDCPKV[ CPFJGCNVJJQYUVTQPIKUVJGJournal Of Epidemiology And Community Health, 60 Journal Of Epidemiology And Community Health. /CTOQV /CTEJ 5QEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJKPGSWCNKVKGUThe Lancet, 365(9464) ,#/#FQKJVVRFZFQKQTI5 /E&QPQWIJ&WPECP9KNNKCOU*QWUG +PEQOGF[PCOKEUCPFCFWNVOQTVCNKV[KPVJG7PKVGF 5VCVGUVJTQWIJAmerican Journal of Public Health, 87(9)FQK CLRJ /E0GKNN-TGWVGT5WDTCOCPKCP #WIWUV 5QEKCNGPXKTQPOGPVCPFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CTGXKGY of concepts and evidence. Social Science & Medicine, 63(4)5QEKCN5EKGPEG /GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF /QNKPC+VQ,COGU#TEC[C 5GRVGODGT 3WGSWGEJCP4KXGT4CKN6TCKN2JCUG*GCNVJ Impact Assessment. Quequechan River Rail Trail Phase 2 - Health Impact AssessmentFall 4KXGT/CUUCEJWUGVVU/GVTQRQNKVCP#TGC2NCPPKPI%QWPEKN /QQTG)TCGHG #VVCEJOGPVUVQTGETGCVKQPUGVVKPIUVJGECUGQHTCKNVTCKNWUGTULeisure Sciences, 16(1)s4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYVCPFHQPNKPGEQOFQK CDU /QTKV\ 5WTXG[QH0QTVJ#OGTKECP$KE[ENG%QOOWVGTU&GUKIPCPF#IITGICVG4GUWNVU Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1578(1) 101. Transportation Research Board. /WUVCTF>MUGP$GTVJGNQV9QNHUQP4QQU #IGURGEKƂEGFWECVKQPCPFKPEQOGITCFKGPVU in morbidity and mortality in a Canadian province. Social Science & Medicine, 45 5QEKCN5EKGPEG/GFKEKPGFQK5

67 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

0CIGN%CTNUQP$QUYQTVJ/KEJCGN 6JGTGNCVKQPDGVYGGPPGKIJDQTJQQFDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPV CPFYCNMKPICEVKXKV[COQPIQNFGTCFWNVUAmerican Journal of Epidemiology, 168(4) American Journal of Epidemiology. 0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[CPF6TCHƂE5CHGV[#FOKPKUCVTCVKQP Crash Statistics. Retrieved August 15, HTQOJVVRUEFCPPJVUCIQXUVUKJVO 0CVKQPCN+PUVKVWVGQP#IKPI 1NFGT#OGTKECPU-G[+PFKECVQTUQH9GNNDGKPIOlder Americans 20009CUJKPIVQP&KUVTKEVQH%QNWODKC0CVKQPCN+PUVKVWVGQP#IKPI 0CVKQPCN2CTM5GTXKEG #WIWUV 0QTVJ%QWPV[0CVKQPCN5EGPKE6TCKN#*CPFDQQMHQT6TCKN &GUKIP%QPUVTWEVKQPCPF/CKPVGPCPEGNorth County National Scenic Trail - A Handbook for Trail Design, Construction, and Maintenance75&GRCTVOGPVQHVJG+PVGTKQT0CVKQPCN 2CTM5GTXKEG 0CVKQPCN4GUGCTEJ%QWPEKNQHVJG0CVKQPCN#ECFGOKGU ,WPG PEW Chartiable Trusts . 4GVTKGXGFHTQO*GCNVJ+ORCEV2TQLGEVJVVRYYYRGYVTWUVUQTIGPRTQLGEVUJGCNVJKORCEV RTQLGEVJGCNVJKORCEVCUUGUUOGPV 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ Expanded Behavioral Risk Factor Surveilance Survey. Albany, NY. 0GY;QTM5VCVG&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJ Expanded Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (Expanded BRFSS)4GVTKGXGF(GDTWCT[HTQOJVVRUYYYJGCNVJP[IQX UVCVKUVKEUDTHUUGZRCPFGF 0GY;QTM5VCVG&KXKUKQPQH%TKOKPCN,WUVKEG5GTXKEGU Division of Criminal Justice Services. 4GVTKGXGF5GRVGODGTHTQOYYYETKOKPCNLWUVKEGP[IQX 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP &GEGODGT )GPGUGG 8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGOGPV2NCP+PVTQFWEVKQPGenesee Valley Greenway State Park Management Plan0GY;QTM5VCVG0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF *KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP &GEGODGT )GPGUGG 8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGOGPV2NCP2CTV1RGTCVKQP/CPCIGOGPVCPF Maintenance. Genesee Valley Greenway State Park Management Plan0GY;QTM5VCVG0GY ;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP &GEGODGT )GPGUGG 8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGOGPV2NCP2CTV'ZKUVKPI%QPFKVKQPUCPF$CEMITQWPF +PHQTOCVKQP0GY;QTM5VCVG0GY;QTM5VCVG2CTMU1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE 2TGUGTXCVKQP 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 5VCVGYKFG6TCKNU2NCP 2010 Executive Summary. Statewide Trails Plan#NDCP[0GY;QTM5VCVG0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEG QH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP 0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP &GEGODGT )GPGUGG 8CNNG[)TGGPYC[5VCVG2CTM/CPCIGOGPV2NCP2CTVs#RRGPFKEGUGenesee Valley Greenway State Park Management Plan#NDCP[0GY;QTM0GY;QTM5VCVG1HƂEGQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQP CPF*KUVQTKE2TGUGTXCVKQP

68 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

1TICPK\CVKQPHQT'EQPQOKE%Q1RGTCVKQPCPF&GXGNQROGPV 5CHGV[QH8WNPGTCDNG4QCF 7UGTUSafety of Vulnerable Road Users2CTKU(TCPEG1TICPK\CVKQPHQT'EQPQOKE%Q 1RGTCVKQPCPF&GXGNQROGPV4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYQGEFQTI FCVCQGEFRFH 1UWLK.QXGITGGP'NNKQV$TQYPUQP $CTTKGTUVQ2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[#OQPI9QOGPKPVJG4WTCN Midwest. Women and Health, 44(1)4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYY PEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF 1VVGPUOCPP. #WUGDCUGFOGCUWTGQHCEEGUUKDKNKV[VQNKPGCTHGCVWTGUVQRTGFKEVWTDCP trail use. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 1(1),QWTPCNQH6TCPURQTVCPF.CPF7UG 4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYLVNWQTIKPFGZRJRLVNWCTVKENGXKGY 2CTCOQWPV2WDNKE*GCNVJ5GTXKEGU #WIWUV 2KPCN%TGGM6TCKN*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVPinal Creek Trail Health Impact Assessment2CTCOQWPV2WDNKE*GCNVJ5GTXKEGU 2GVGTU'NCPFU$WKLU 5QEKCNKPVGTCEVKQPUKPWTDCPRCTMU5KOWNCVKPIUQEKCNEQJGUKQP!7TDCP (QTGUVT[7TDCP)TGGPKPI9(2)FQKLWHWI 2'9%JCTKVCDNG6TWUVU #WIWUV The HIA Process 4GVTKGXGFHTQO2'96TWUVUQTIJVVR YYYRGYVTWUVUQTIGPTGUGCTEJCPFCPCN[UKUCPCN[UKUVJGJKCRTQEGUU 2KGTEG&GPKUQP#TKH4QJTGT #WIWUV .KXKPI0GCTC6TCKN+U#UUQEKCVGFYKVJ+PETGCUGF1FFU QH9CNMKPI#OQPI2CVKGPVU7UKPI%QOOWPKV[%NKPKEUJournal of Community Health, 31(4), sFQKU 2KVVU,)WUVCHUQP9W/C[Q9CTF/4CHHGTV[#OOGTOCP (CTOGTUoOCTMGVWUG is associated with fruit and vegetable consumption in diverse southern rural communities. Nutrition Journal, 13(1)0WVTKVKQP,QWTPCNFQK 2QYGNN/CTVKP%JQYFJWT[ 2NCEGUVQ9CNM%QPXGPKGPEGCPF4GIWNCT2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ American Journal of Public Health, 93(9)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ 2WEJGT&KNN*CPF[ +PHTCUVTWEVWTGRTQITCOUCPFRQNKEKGUVQKPETGCUGDKE[ENKPICP international review. Preventive Medicine552TGXGPVKXG/GFKEKPG 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ 4CKN6TCKNUCPF5CHG%QOOWPKVKGU6JG'ZRGTKGPEGQP6TCKNU Rails to Trails Conservancy. Rail-Trails and Safe Communities: The Experience on 372 Trails. Rails to Trails Conservancy4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRUYYYTCKNUVQVTCKNUQTITGUQWTEGNKDTCT[TGUQWTEGUTCKNVTCKNUCPFUCHGEQOOWPKVKGUVJG GZRGTKGPEGQPVTCKNU 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ 0QXGODGT 4CKNUYKVJVTCKNUFGUKIPOCPCIGOGPVCPFQRGTCVKPI EJCTCEVGTKUVKEUQHVTCKNUCNQPICEVKXGTCKNTQCFU4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUYYYTCKNUVQVTCKNUQTITGUQWTEGNKDTCT[TGUQWTEGUTCKNUYKVJVTCKNUFGUKIP OCPCIGOGPVCPFQRGTCVKPIEJCTCEVGTKUVKEUQHVTCKNUCNQPICEVKXGTCKNNKPGU 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ &GEGODGT About Us4GVTKGXGFHTQO4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ JVVRUYYYTCKNUVQVTCKNUQTICDQWV 4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ &GEGODGT Crossings4GVTKGXGFHTQO4CKNUVQ6TCKNU %QPUGTXCPE[JVVRUYYYTCKNUVQVTCKNUQTIDWKNFVTCKNUVTCKNDWKNFKPIVQQNDQZVTCKNDWKNFKPICPF FGUKIPETQUUKPIU

69 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

4CKNUVQ6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[ 0QXGODGT Frequently Asked Questions4GVTKGXGFHTQO4CKNUVQ 6TCKNU%QPUGTXCPE[JVVRYYYTCKNUVQVTCKNUQTIQWT9QTMVTCKN$CUKEU(#3UJVON 4GVVKPI(GTIWUQP/E%CTVV 5GRVGODGT #4GXKGYQH'XKFGPEG$CUGF6TCHƂE'PIKPGGTKPI /GCUWTGU&GUKIPGFVQ4GFWEG2GFGUVTKCP/QVQT8GJKENG%TCUJGUAmerican Journal of Public Health, 93(9)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF 4G[PQNFU9QNEJ$[TPG%JQW(GPI9GCXGT,GTTGVV /CTEJ#RTKN 6TCKNEJCTCEVGTKUVKEUCU correlates of urban trail use. American Journal of Health Promotion, 21(4)#OGTKECP ,QWTPCNQH*GCNVJ2TQOQVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQX RWDOGF 4QDGTV9QQF,QJPUQP(QWPFCVKQP County Health Rankings4GVTKGXGF5GRVGODGT HTQOJVVRYYYEQWPV[JGCNVJTCPMKPIUQTI 4QUU%. Atlanta Beltline Health Impact Assessment.#VNCPVC)GQTIKC+PUVKVWVGQH Technology. 4QUUQ#WEJKPENQUU/KEJCGN /C[ 6JGWTDCPDWKNVGPXKTQPOGPVCPFOQDKNKV[KPQNFGTCFWNVU a comprehensive review. Journal of Aging Research. Journal of Aging Research. Retrieved &GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYJKPFCYKEQOLQWTPCNULCT 5CGNGPU5CNNKU(TCPM 'PXKTQPOGPVCNEQTTGNCVGUQHYCNMKPICPFE[ENKPI(KPFKPIUHTQOVJG transportation, urban design, and planning literature. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 25 Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 5CNNKU,(%GTXGTQ4$#UEJGT9*GPFGTUQP-#-TCHV/--GTT, #PGEQNQIKECN approach to creating active living communities. Annual Review of Public Health(27)#PPWCN 4GXKGYQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ 5EJOKF, 6TCKNU2TKOGT#)NQUUCT[QH6TCKNU)TGGPYC[CPF1WVFQQT4GETGCVKQP6GTOUCPF #ETQP[OU%QNWODKC5QWVJ%CTQNKPC5QWVJ%CTQNNKPC&GRCTVOGPVQH2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF 6QWTKUO4GVTKGXGF0QXGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYCOGTKECPVTCKNUQTIINQUUCT[JVON 5EKRKQPG ,WN[ 6JG'EQPQOKE+ORCEVQHVJG'TKG%CPCNYC[6TCKN#0#55'55/'06#0& 75'4241(+.'1(0'9;14-o5.10)'56/7.6+75'64#+.The Economic Impact of the Erie Canalway Trail - AN ASSESSMENT AND USER PROFILE OF NEW YORK’S LONGEST MULTI- USE TRAIL0GY;QTM2CTMU6TCKNU0GY;QTM 5JCTGECTG %QOOWPKV[9GNN$GKPI4CPMKPIUGallup-Healthways State of American Well-being5JCTGECTG)CNNWR*GCNVJYC[U4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVR KPHQJGCNVJYC[UEQOJWDHU)CNNWR*GCNVJYC[U5VCVGQH#OGTKECP9GNN $GKPIA%QOOWPKV[4CPMKPIUX(+0#.RFH!V AAJUVE FEFHFGEGHFGDCAA JUUE 5QWVJ%CTQNKPC+PUVKVWVGQH/GFKEKPG2WDNKE*GCNVJ /CTEJ #*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV *+# QH2CTM6TCKNCPF)TGGP5RCEG2NCPPKPIKPVJG9GUV5KFGQH)TGGPXKNNG5QWVJ%CTQNKPCA Health Impact Assessment (HIA) of Park, Trail, and Green Space Planning in the West Side of Greenville, South Carolina5QWVJ%CTQNKPC+PUVKVWVGQH/GFKEKPG2WDNKE*GCNVJ 5RCPINGT-/ ,CPWCT[ 'PXKTQPOGPVCNRGTEGRVKQPUTGNCVGFVQRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[KPJKIJCPF NQYTKUMEQWPVKGUHealth Promotion Practice, 6(1)4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF

70 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

5RGEVQT,4KDCEM. (GDTWCT[ #VVGPFCPEGCV0GY;QTMRCTMUITGYKPDemocrat & Chronicle#NDCP[0GY;QTM75#6QFC[#NDCP[$WTGCW4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO JVVRYYYFGOQETCVCPFEJTQPKENGEQOUVQT[PGYURQNKVKEUCNDCP[CVVGPFCPEG UVCVGRCTMUITGY 5VCPNG[ 9JCVFQYGMPQYCDQWV5QEKCN%QJGUKQP6JG4GUGCTEJ2GTURGEVKXGQHVJG(GFGTCN )QXGTPOGPVoU5QEKCN%QJGUKQP4GUGCTEJ0GVYQTMCanadian Journal of Sociology, 28, 1 %CPCFC%CPCFKCP,QWTPCNQH5QEKQNQI[4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYLUVQT QTIUVCDNG!UGS RCIGAUECPAVCDAEQPVGPVU 5VQMQNU)T\[YCE\/E/CJCP2JKNNKRU +PETGCUKPIVJGJGCNVJRTQOQVKXGECRCEKV[QHJWOCP environments. American Journal of Health Promotion, 18(1)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH*GCNVJ 2TQOQVKQP 5WNNKXCP-WQ&GRQQVGT 6JG(TWKVQH7TDCP0CVWTGEnvironment and Behavior, 36(5), s'PXKTQPOGPVCPF$GJCXKQT

6JG2'9%JCTKVCDNG6TWUVU 0QXGODGT Data Visualization - Health Impact Assessments in the United States4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQO*GCNVJ+ORCEV2TQLGEVJVVRYYY RGYVTWUVUQTIGPOWNVKOGFKCFCVCXKUWCNK\CVKQPUJKCOCR 6JQORUQP9#URKPCNN 0QXGODGT 0CVWTCN'PXKTQPOGPVUCPFVJGKT+ORCEVQP#EVKXKV[ *GCNVJCPF3WCNKV[QH.KHGApplied Psychology: Health & Well-Being, 3(3) 6KPUYQTVJ%CUUKF[2QNGP $KE[ENGTGNCVGF+PLWTKGU+PLWT[*C\CTFCPF4KUM2CVVGTPU International Journal for Consumer and Product Safety, 1(4)+PVGTPCVKQPCN,QWTPCNHQT %QPUWOGTCPF2TQFWEV5CHGV[FQK 6QYPQH&CXKFUQP0QTVJ%CTQNKPC &CXKFUQP9CNMU4QNNU&CXKFUQP2CTMU4GETGCVKQPCPF 2WDNKE5RCEGU/CUVGT2NCP#RRGPFKZ#*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVDavidson Walks & Rolls: Davidson Parks, Recreation, and Public Spaces Master Plan&CXKFUQP0QTVJ%CTQNKPC 6QYPQH&CXKFUQP0QTVJ%CTQNKPC4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYEKFCXKFUQP PEWU&CXKFUQP9CNMU4QNNU#EVKXG6TCPURQTVCVK 6TCPURQTVCVKQP4GUGCTEJ$QCTF 2GFGUVTKCPCPF$KE[ENG(CEKNKVKGUTraveler Response to Transportation System Changes Handbook, 95, 3rd%JCRVGT0CVKQPCN#ECFGO[QH5EKGPEGU 4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPCRGFWNQIKPRJR!CEVKQP IWGUVTGEQTFA KF 6TGWJCHV-CTR[P 6JG)TQEGT[)CR9JQ*CU#EEGUUVQ*GCNVJ[(QQFCPF9J[+V/CVVGTU PolicyLink2QNKE[.KPM4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYRQNKE[NKPMQTIUKVGU FGHCWNVƂNGU(+0#.)TQEGT[)CRRFH 6TQRGF5CWPFGTU2CVG4GKPKPIGT#FF[ 1EVQDGT %QTTGNCVGUQH4GETGCVKQPCNCPF 6TCPURQTVCVKQP2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[#OQPI#FWNVUKPC0GY'PINCPF%QOOWPKV[Preventive Medicine, 37(4)s2TGXGPVKXG/GFKEKPGFQK5 6TQRGF5CWPFGTU2CVG4GKPKPIGT7TGFC6JQORUQP #UUQEKCVKQPUDGVYGGPUGNHTGRQTVGF CPFQDLGEVKXGRJ[UKECNGPXKTQPOGPVCNHCEVQTUCPFWUGQHCEQOOWPKV[TCKNVTCKNPreventitive Medicine, 2(32)2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRU YYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF

71 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

7PKVGF*GCNVJ(QWPFCVKQPVJG#OGTKECP2WDNKE*GCNVJ#UUQEKCVKQPCPF2CTVPGTUJKRHQT2TGXGPVKQP 0QXGODGT 6JG(WVWTG%QUVUQH1DGUKV[0CVKQPCNCPF5VCVG'UVKOCVGUQHVJG+ORCEV QH1DGUKV[QP&KTGEV*GCNVJ%CTG7PKVGF*GCNVJ(QWPFCVKQP#OGTKECP2WDNKE*GCNVJ #UUQEKCVKQPCPF2CTVPGTUJKRHQT2TGXGPVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYY ƂIJVEJTQPKEFKUGCUGQTIUKVGUFGHCWNVƂNGUFQEU%QUVQH1DGUKV[4GRQTV(+0#.RFH 7PKVGF0CVKQPU&GRCTVOGPVQH'EQPQOKECPF5QEKCN#HHCKTU ,CPWCT[ 2GTURGEVKXGUQPUQEKCN EQJGUKQPsVJGINWGVJCVJQNFUUQEKGV[VQIGVJGT7PKVGF0CVKQPU&GRCTVOGPVQH'EQPQOKECPF 5QEKCN#HHCKTU4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRYYYWPQTIGPFGXGNQROGPVFGUC PGYURQNKE[RGTURGEVKXGUQPUQEKCNEQJGUKQPJVON 7PKVGF5VCVGU1HƂEGQH&KUGCUG2TGXGPVKQPCPF*GCNVJ2TQOQVKQP &GEGODGT Determinants of Health4GVTKGXGFHTQO*GCNVJ[2GQRNGJVVRUYYYJGCNVJ[RGQRNG IQXCDQWVHQWPFCVKQPJGCNVJOGCUWTGU&GVGTOKPCPVUQH*GCNVJ 7PKVGF5VCVGU&GRCTVOGPVQH*GCNVJCPF*WOCP4GUQWTEGU 0QXGODGT Guide to Preventitive Services 4GVTKGXGFHTQO6JG%QOOWPKV[)WKFGJVVRUYYYVJGEQOOWPKV[IWKFG QTIVQRKERJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ 75&##ITKEWNVWTCN/CTMGVKPI5GTXKEG &GEGODGT Farmers Markets and Direct Consumer Marketing4GVTKGXGFHTQO75&##ITKEWNVWTCN/CTMGVKPI5GTXKEGJVVRUYYYCOUWUFCIQX UGTXKEGUNQECNTGIKQPCNHCTOGTUOCTMGVUCPFFKTGEVEQPUWOGTOCTMGVKPI 75&160*65# (CVCN/QVQT8GJKENG%TCUJGU1XGTXKGY75&GRCTVOGPVQH6TCPURQTVCVKQP Fatal Motor Vehicle Crashes:Overview, U.S Department of Transportation75&GRCTVOGPVQH 6TCPURQTVCVKQP0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[6TCPURQTVCVKQP5CHGV[#FOKPKUVTCVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUETCUJUVCVUPJVUCFQVIQX#RK2WDNKE2WDNKECVKQP 75&160*65# /CTEJ 6TCHƂE5CHGV[(CEV5JGGV$KE[ENKUVU1VJGT%[ENKUVU6TCHƂE Safety Facts75&GRCTVOGPVQH6TCPURQTVCVKQP0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[6TCPURQTVCVKQP5CHGV[ #FOKPKUVTCVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUETCUJUVCVUPJVUCFQVIQX#RK2WDNKE 2WDNKECVKQP 75&160*65# (GDTWCT[ 6TCHƂE5CHGV[(CEVU&CVC6TCHƂE5CHGV[(CEVU Data75&GRCTVOGPVQH6TCPURQTVCVKQP0CVKQPCN*KIJYC[6TCPURQTVCVKQP5CHGV[ #FOKPKUVTCKVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUETCUJUVCVUPJVUCFQVIQX#RK2WDNKE 2WDNKECVKQP 9CPI/CEGTC5EWFFGT5QWEKG5EJOKF2TCVV$WEJGT*GCVJ #RTKN %QUV#PCN[UKUQHVJG $WKNV'PXKTQPOGPV6JG%CUGQH$KMGCPF2GFGUVTKCP6TCKNUKP.KPEQNP0GDAmerican Journal of Public Health, 94(4)#OGTKECP,QWTPCNQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQXRWDOGF 9CPI/CEGTC5EWFFGT5QWEKG5EJOKF2TCVV$WEJPGT (GDTWCT[ %QUVGHHGEVKXGPGUUQHC DKE[ENGRGFGUVTKCPVTCKNFGXGNQROGPVKPJGCNVJRTQOQVKQPPreventitive Medicine, 38(2) 2TGXGPVKVKXG/GFKEKPG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQX RWDOGF 9CPI/CEGTC5EWFFGT5QWEKG5EJOKF2TCVV$WEJPGT #RTKN #EQUVDGPGƂVCPCN[UKU QHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[WUKPIDKMGRGFGUVTKCPVTCKNUHealth Promotion Practice, 6(2) *GCNVJ2TQOQVKQP2TCEVKEG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYPEDKPNOPKJIQX RWDOGF

72 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT References The Genesee Valley Greenway

9CUUGTOCP.CMKPU&(QNG[&G0KPPQ6JQORUQP1YGPU9KNNKCOU ,WPG 50#2 CV(CTOGTU/CTMGVUC*QYVQ)WKFGSNAP at Farmers Markets a How-to Guide75&# #ITKEWNVWTCN/CTMGVKPI5GTXKEG4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGTHTQOJVVRUYYYCOUWUFCIQX UKVGUFGHCWNVƂNGUOGFKC50#2CV(CTOGTU/CTMGVU*CPFDQQMRFH 9GP/KPI-CPFWNC.CWFGTFCNG 9CNMKPIHQT6TCPURQTVCVKQPQT.GKUWTG9JCV&KHHGTGPEG &QGUVJG0GKIJDQTJQQF/CMG!Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22,QWTPCNQH General Internal Medicine. 9KIIU$TQYPUQP$CMGT 1EVQDGT +H;QW$WKNF+V6JG[9KNN%QOG.GUUQPU(TQO &GXGNQRKPI9CNMKPI6TCKNUKP4WTCN/KUUQWTKHealth Promotion and Practice, 9(4) *GCNVJ2TQOQVKQPCPF2TCEVKEGFQK 9KNMKPUQP/CTOQV 5QEKCNFGVGTOKPCPVUQHJGCNVJ6JGUQNKFHCEVUSocial determinants of health: The solid facts PF'F 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRYYYGWTQYJQKPVAAFCVCCUUGVURFHAƂNGGRFH 9KUEQPUKP$WTGCWQH'PXKTQPOGPVCNCPF1EEWRCVKQPCN*GCNVJ9KUEQPUKP&KXKUKQPQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ /C[ /CTSWGVVG%QWPV[+EG#IG6TCKN'ZRCPUKQP*GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPVMarquette County Ice Age Trail Expansion Health Impact Assessment, 21. Madison, Wisconsin. 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP #WIWUV Constitution of WHO: principles. Retrieved from 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPJVVRYYYYJQKPVCDQWVOKUUKQPGP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP *GCNVJ+ORCEV#UUGUUOGPV *+# 4GRQTVQH#P+PVGT4GIKQPCN /GGVKPIQP*CTOQPK\CVKQPCPF/CKPUVTGCOKPIQH*+#KPVJG9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPCPFQH #2CTVPGTUJKR/GGVKPIQPVJG+PUVKVWVKQPCNK\CVKQPQH*+#%CRCEKV[$WKNFKPIKP#HTKEC)GPGXC 5YKV\GTNCPF9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP 5QEKCN&GVGTOKPCPVUQH*GCNVJ6JG5QNKF(CEVUWorld Health Organization, 2 9KNMKPUQP/CTOQV'FU 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP4GVTKGXGF&GEGODGT HTQOJVVRYYYGWTQYJQKPVAAFCVCCUUGVURFHAƂNGGRFH 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP 0QXGODGT Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health4GVTKGXGFHTQO9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPJVVRYYYYJQKPVFKGVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[RC GP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP &GEGODGT Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health - Physical Activity and Women4GVTKGXGFHTQO9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQPJVVRYYY YJQKPVFKGVRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[HCEVUJGGVAYQOGPGP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP &GEGODGT Physical Activity. Retrieved from World Health 1TICPK\CVKQPJVVRYYYYJQKPVOGFKCEGPVTGHCEVUJGGVUHUGP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP &GEGODGT Physical Activity. Retrieved from World Health 1TICPK\CVKQPJVVRYYYYJQKPVOGFKCEGPVTGHCEVUJGGVUHUGP 9QTNF*GCNVJ1TICPK\CVKQP &GEGODGT Social determinants of health. Retrieved from JVVRYYYYJQKPVUQEKCNAFGVGTOKPCPVUUFJAFGƂPKVKQPGP

73 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix A The Genesee Valley Greenway

Appendix A – Complete Map of the Greenway (1 of 3)

74 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix A The Genesee Valley Greenway

Appendix A – Complete Map of the Greenway (2 of 3)

75 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix A The Genesee Valley Greenway

Appendix A – Complete Map of the Greenway (3 of 3)

76 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix B The Genesee Valley Greenway

Appendix B - Screening Exercise

GENESEE VALLEY ROCHESTER AREA SCREENING CRITERIA GREENWAY STATE PARK BICYCLE SHARING

+UVJGTGC&'%+5+10 Identifying sustainable NYS funding Implementation of program through regarding a policy, plan, or HQTUVCVGFGUKIPCVGFRCTMUCPFVTCKNU 2JCUGYKVJRQVGPVKCNRTQLGEVKQP RTQLGEV%744'06.;70&'4 0;5.GIKUNCVWTGCRRTQXGU0;52CTMU VJTQWIJ2JCUG %105+&'4#6+10YJQUG budget; budget allocation at NYS state QWVEQOGUCTGNKMGN[VQKORCEV RCTMUTGIKQPCNNGXGN .QECVKQPUQHDKMGFQEMU JGCNVJ! %QUV 6JGTGXGPWGUWRRQTVOQFGNCVC state level could be changed from its .KPMCIGUVQOWPKEKRCNCEVKXG EWTTGPVN[DCUGFRCTMCFOKUUKQPHGGU VTCPURQTVCVKQPPGVYQTMU to incorporate the value of health 2TQXKUKQPQHUCHGV[GSWKROGPV outcomes. *QYYKNNRTQITCODGHWPFGF )TGGPYC[CFOKUUKQPKUHTGG CFXGTVKUKPIRWDNKERTKXCVG UQWTEGU Stakeholders: Friends of Genesee 6KOGNKPGHQTRTQITCOGZRCPUKQP Valley Greenway, New York State Parks, Monroe County, Livingston County, .QECVKQPQHHWVWTGRJCUGU Wyoming County, Alleghany County. 7UGQHQVJGTVTCKNU[UVGOU Integration and engagement of active 2WDNKEUCHGV[ VTCPURQTVCVKQPRQNKEKGUCVVJGEQWPV[ Other transportation policies related municipal level in communities within VQVJGDKMGUJCTGRTQITCO#TGDKMGU close proximity to the Greenway. CNNQYGFQPRWDNKEDWUGU!

2WDNKEUCHGV[ 9JCVCTGVJGRQNKEKGUVJCVKPEGPVKXK\G QTJKPFGTDKMGKPHTCUVTWEVWTG Regional integration to other trail YQTMUKVGYGNNPGUUWPKXGTUKVKGUITGGP U[UVGOURCTMU 0;52CTMU0;5&'% EGTVKƂECVKQP ! /QPTQG%QWPV[%KV[QH4QEJGUVGT Are there programs or resources to Announcement of Empire State Trail, UWRRQTVEJKNFTGPDKMKPI! OKNGVTCKNVTCXGTUKPI0;5 ,CPWCT[ Are there options for different types of DKMGUVTKE[ENGUUGPKQTHTKGPFN[! 6TCPURQTVCVKQP#NVGTPCVKXG2TQITCO 6#20;5&16 CEVKXGVTCPURQTVCVKQP .GCTPKPIHTQOQVJGTOWPKEKRCNDKMG sHGFGTCNHWPFKPI )TGGPYC[VTCKN share programs on issues related to enhancement between Rochester, NY GSWKV[CPFJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGU CPF5EQVVUXKNNG0;OKNGU

Regional economic development. %QWNFDGOCMKPIHWPFKPIFGEKUKQPU about how they might connect businesses to the greenway.

.462 6QWTKUOKUNKPMGFVQ economic development and then, in VWTPNKPMGFVQJGCNVJ

77 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix B The Genesee Valley Greenway

GENESEE VALLEY ROCHESTER AREA SCREENING CRITERIA GREENWAY STATE PARK BICYCLE SHARING

&QGUVJGFGEKUKQPOCMKPI /C[DGKPVGTGUVCVUVCVGNGXGN 0;5 /QTGKPHQTOCVKQPQPMG[RTQLGEV 241%'55CNNQYHQTKPRWVHTQO 2CTMU KPGPICIGOGPVKP*+#RTQEGUU UVCMGJQNFGTUCPFFGEKUKQPOCMGTU CP*+#! The HIA may raise awareness of needed. the Greenway and potential health outcomes in nearby municipal population centers.

9QWNFVJG*+#DTKPI0'9 Health outcomes are not currently 6JG*+#OC[TCKUGCYCTGPGUUQHGSWKV[ +0(14/#6+10VQVJGFGEKUKQP RCTVQHVJGEQPXGTUCVKQPGXCNWCVKQP CPFJGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUTGNCVGFVQ2JCUG OCMKPIRTQEGUU!+U*'#.6* regarding the Greenway. 1 implementation. CNTGCF[CRCTVQHVJGFKUEWUUKQP! An HIA would help reframe the *KIJNKIJVGSWKV[KORNKECVKQPUQH discussion to include health and bring funding, locations, etc. May highlight PGYKPHQTGTCVGUQHRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[ PWCPEGUKPVTCFGQHHUHQTJGCNVJ VTCHƂE and the impact on the populations in UCHGV[RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[CKTSWCNKV[ close proximity to the trail. To date, KORTQXGOGPV no studies on neighborhoods close to trail and how they do or do not HIA could connect economic connect to and use it. development and health implications QTRGTJCRUYCUCNTGCF[EQPUKFGTGF One outcome would be to CPFLWUVPQVGZRNKEKVN[UVCVGFCUJGCNVJ systematically document the value of the Greenway in terms of health as, JCUDGGPFQEWOGPVGFKPQVJGTOWNVK use trail reports and HIAs.

%CPVJG*+#DGEQORNGVGFYKVJKP Yes, depending on decision. &GRGPFGPVWRQPJQYVJGDKMGUJCTGKU the TIMELINE for the decision, RJCUGFCPFTGNCVGFVQYJCVGSWKV[CPF CPFYKVJVJG4'5174%'5 'Z#PPWCNDWFIGVHQT0;52CTMUXKC JGCNVJFKURCTKVKGUCTGKFGPVKƂGF CXCKNCDNG! NYS Legislature.

9JCVKUVJGNKMGNKJQQF .KMGN[0;2CTMU/QPTQG%QWPV[ .KMGN[6JG%KV[QH4QEJGUVGTOC[ VJCVVJG*+#ƂPFKPIUCPF municipalities would be open to KORNGOGPVPGYRQNKEKGURTQEGFWTGU TGEQOOGPFCVKQPUYKNN4'%'+8' recommendations. because of related health outcome %105+&'4#6+10D[FGEKUKQP data. OCMGTU! Other municipalities with active transportation plans must have appropriate infrastructure prior to integration into the Rochester Area $KMG5JCTGRTQITCO

+UVJGTGVJGRQVGPVKCNHQT 2QVGPVKCNN[6JGTGOC[DGGSWKV[ 6JGTGCTGNKMGN[VQDGGSWKV[KUUWGU 87.0'4#$.'2127.#6+105VQ issues associated with varying levels around location and cost. be more adversely affected than of access to the trails and recreational QVJGTU! opportunities.

78 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

Appendix C - Scoping Worksheets

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

Who are the people What population 2QRWNCVKQPD[6QYP 75%GPUWU Evaluation metrics living near the centers are in close 8KNNCIG%&24CEKCN American Fact Finder, for determining if )TGGPYC[!*QYFQ proximity to the Ethnicity, SES #%5[GCT attendance rates their demographics )TGGPYC[!9JCVKU 2QRWNCVKQP'UVKOCVG improved over time compare to people VJGOCMGWRQHVJQUG 52#4%5 will be established. NKXKPIGNUGYJGTG! RQRWNCVKQPEGPVGTU! Comparing to a Will people with national example that social or economic JCUUKOKNCTWTDCP vulnerabilities be UWDWTDCPOCMGWR KORCEVGF! trail length. Segments of Erie Canalway 6TCKN 4QEJGUVGT Area towards the 9GUV1TNGCPU %QWPV[ 2QUUKDN[ limited to NYS. Geographic proximity of population EGPVGTU'TKG%CPCN comparison.

What are the existing What are the current %JTQPKE&KUGCUG 75%GPUWU52#4%5 Review rates over health conditions rates of chronic 1DGUKV[&KCDGVGU BRFSS, other HIAs VKOG2TQLGEVKQPQH of those living in FKUGCUGU!9KNNEJTQPKE #UVJOC%#&5VTQMG local versus visitor. proximity of the disease and poor *60 /GPVCN*GCNVJ Economic Impact of )TGGPYC[! mental health rates the Erie Canalway Trail be affected by an TGRQTV(TCP YKVJKP increase in physical OKNGU CEVKXKV[NGXGNU!

What are the current How would the Engagement in BRFSS, County Health Is this data available, levels of physical population be physical activity 2TQƂNGU%QOOQP CPFFQGUKVOCMG activity for people impacted by increased Ground Health the assumption that living near the RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[!9KNN people are using the )TGGPYC[! RTQLGEVGFEJCPIGU Greenway if they live KPCEEGUUGZRQUWTG PGCTKV!%JCPIGKP RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[NGXGNU! physical activity levels should be measured over time. Inventory of existing exercise TGUQWTEGU RCTM QWVFQQTUKPFQQT

79 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

What decisions are #TGVJGTGRTG 0;52CTMURQNKE[ Livingston County Should national currently being made existing policies that FQEWOGPVU%QWPV[ Transportation policies regarding that may impact GPEQWTCIG2J[UKECN NGXGN/CUVGT2NCPU %QPPGEVKXKV[2NCP active transportation physical activity levels Activity at a State, NYS Legislature /QPTQG%QWPV[&'5 CNUQDGCFFTGUUGF! QPVJG)TGGPYC[! %QWPV[ /QPTQG approved funding &162CTMU0;5&1* 2TKXCVGFGEKUKQPU .KXKPIUVQP QT budgets. 0;52CTMU+FGPVKƂGF should also be /WPKEKRCNNGXGN!#TG OWPKEKRCNKVKGU 6$& integrated. there opportunities Comprehensive to adopt additional 2NCPU/QPTQG%QWPV[ policies that will .CPF7UGTGRQTV increase physical R. Bell. Regional activity levels along 2NCPPKPI%QWPEKN VJG)8)!#TGVJGTG )6%.462,QF[ policies that are Capital Improvement creating barriers to 2TQITCO)GPGUGG physical activity on the (KPIGT.CMGU4GIKQPCN )TGGPYC[! 2NCPPKPI%QWPEKN

What are the existing What are the current %JTQPKE&KUGCUG 75%GPUWU52#4%5 Change in health health conditions rates of chronic 1DGUKV[&KCDGVGU BRFSS, other HIAs conditions will be of those living in diseases and poor #UVJOC%#&5VTQMG measured over time. proximity of the OGPVCNJGCNVJ!*QY *60 /GPVCN*GCNVJ )TGGPYC[! would these rates be impacted by increased accessibility to the )8)!

What are the existing Where is the 2QRWNCVKQPD[6QYP 75%GPUWU How could the access issues Greenway most 8KNNCIG%&24CEKCN American Fact Finder, Greenway be experienced by CEEGUUKDNG!9JGTGKU GVJPKE/CMGWR #%5[GCT better activated people living near the the Greenway least Household Income, 2QRWNCVKQP'UVKOCVG as a commuting )TGGPYC[! CEEGUUKDNG!9JCV 2QRWNCVKQP&GPUKV[ GIS, County Health corridor between population centers Baseline proximity 2TQƂNGU2GGTTGXKGYGF RQRWNCVKQPEGPVGTU! demonstrate the trail engagement TGRQTVU(KGNF&CVC *GCVJGTDTQQMUVJGUKU best access, and standards. Fran RFHCPF'EQPQOKEA YJ[!9JCVKUVJG +ORCEVAQHAVJGA'TKGA optimal distance %CPCNYC[A6TCKNA HQTYCNMKPIDKMKPI (WNNA&QEWOGPV to the Greenway RFHFGƂPGRTQZKOKV[ KPVJQUGEGPVGTU! CUOKNGU )8) &QRGQRNGYKVJ 'TKG%CPCN 6TCKN social or economic 2TQZKOKV[CPF7UG vulnerabilities have Built Environment DCTTKGTUVQCEEGUU! CPF2U[EJQUQEKCN (CEVQTURFHFGƂPGU engagement as .25 YCNMKPIDKMKPI

80 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

What are the existing &QEWTTGPVVTCKN Trail reports, County 52#4%5$4(55QVJGT 6TCPURQTVCVKQP issues regarding trail conditions provide 2NCPPKPITGRQTVU HIAs, NYS Genesee #NVGTPCVKXGU2TQITCO infrastructure and CFGSWCVGCEEGUU! #&#%JTQPKE&KUGCUG 8CNNG[2CTM(1)8) Application by CEEGUU! What types of active 1DGUKV[&KCDGVGU #VCPFCTFUHQT (1)8)VQ0;&16 transportation does #UVJOC%#&5VTQMG #EEGUUKDNG&GUKIP .CEMQH#EEGUUKUC the trail currently *60 /GPVCN*GCNVJ mitigating factor in UWRRQTV!%QWNFCEEGUU JGCNVJFKURCTKVKGU be improved with trail trail infrastructure can KORTQXGOGPVU!*QY limit access. Adding does seasonal use amenities such as CHHGEVVTCKNWUCIG! DGPEJGUEQOHQTV stations.

What are the existing Can neighborhoods %QWPV[/WPKEKRCN 52#4%5$4(55 &QGUJCXKPI EQPFKVKQPUQHRCTMU YKVJKFGPVKƂGFITGGP .CPF7UG/CRU County Health neighborhoods that VTCKNUITGGPURCEG space disparities %JTQPKE&KUGCUG 2TQƂNGU%QOOQP suffer with greenspace in neighborhoods WVKNK\GVJG)TGGPYC[! 1DGUKV[&KCDGVGU )TQWPF*GCNVJ75 issues in proximity within proximity of the How will improved #UVJOC%#&5VTQMG Census, GIS, National to the Greenway )TGGPYC[! access impact health *60 /GPVCN*GCNVJ 2CTMUCPF4GETGCVKQP enhance the value of QWVEQOGU! .CPF7UGCPCN[UKU Association VJG)TGGPYC[!

What existing How can public County transportation Monroe County, &QGU'ORKTG5VCVG VTCPURQTVCVKQP transportation play maps, trail Livingston County Trail integration factor active transportation a role in increasing OCRU/CUVGT Transportation KPVQNKPMCIG! KPHTCUVTWEVWTGUNKPMVQ CEEGUU!9JCVQVJGT %QORTGJGPUKXG2NCPU %QPPGEVKXKV[2NCP VJG)TGGPYC[! trails and greenspaces 0;5&16/QPTQG connect with the %QWPV[2CTMU0;5 )TGGPYC[!#TG 2CTMU)+5%Q4 there other plans 2NCPPKPIQVJGT or policies that will municipal Comp. increase access to the 2NCPU Greenway via external VTCPUKVVTCKNU!

What are the existing Are there food deserts 75&#HQQFFGUGTV 52#4%5$4(55 Could planted conditions regarding KPVJQUGEQOOWPKVKGU! maps, geographic County Health community gardens access to food in &QGUVJG)TGGPYC[ distance to grocery 2TQƂNGU)+5(QQF become a potential communities in enable to additional stores, chronic disease Farm Health Research, TGOGF[YJGPNCEM proximity of the food sources for rates. 0;5&1*0; of access to grocery )TGGPYC[! people living in those #ITKEWNVWTG/CTMGVU UVQTGUGZKUVU!#TG EQOOWPKVKGU! VJGTGHCTOGTUoOCTMGVU in proximity to the )TGGPYC[!

What are the existing What are the current +PLWT[FGCVJUVTGUU 75%GPUWU52#4%5 +UVJKUTGNGXCPV!&Q health conditions rates of chronic physical inactivity, BRFSS, other HIAs we wish to include and demographics diseases and poor chronic disease rates issues of personal of those living in mental health along UGEWTKV[ ETKOG YJKEJ proximity of the VJG)8)!#TG has not traditionally )TGGPYC[! there vulnerable been an issue on the populations along )TGGPYC[! VJG)8)VJCVOC[DG more susceptible to UCHGV[TGNCVGFKUUWGU!

81 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

What are the existing Where does the +PLWT[FGCVJUVTGUU 0*65#0;5&16 &QRGTEGKXGFKUUWGU safety issues trail Greenway cross over physical inactivity, #VCPFCTFUHQT around safety WUGTUECWUGFD[VTCHƂE TQCFYC[UKP/QPTQG chronic disease rates #EEGUUKDNG&GUKIP contribute to health in proximity of the .KXKPIUVQPEQWPV[! /%&16.%&16 disparities including )TGGPYC[! 9JCVCTGVJGVTCHƂE 52#4%50;52CTMU physical inactivity, patterns along those (1)8) stress, and chronic roadways at their FKUGCUGTCVGU!&QGU intersection with the social cohesion come )8)!9JCVCTGVJG in as a separate health speed limits at those determinant or within ETQUUYCNMU!&QGUVJG UCHGV[CEEGUU! speed accommodate for pedestrian ETQUUKPI!9JCVCTG VJGVTCHƂERGFGUVTKCP accidents rates along VJG)8)KP/QPTQG .KXKPIUVQP!&QVJG[ differ from rates in the TGUVQHVJGEQWPVKGU! &QETQUUYCNMU accommodate vulnerable RQRWNCVKQPU!

What are the existing +UVJGVTCKNCFGSWCVGN[ Trail design 0;52CTMU(1)8) Seasonal use may issues regarding trail OCTMGFYKVJ guidelines, 025#OGTKECP be more safety infrastructure and YC[ƂPFKPIUKIPCIG! signage, visibility, 6TCKNU75&#(QTGUV TGNCVGFVJCPLWUV UCHGV[! &QGUVJGVTCKN trail maintenance Service Standard infrastructure, RTQXKFGCFGSWCVG protocols 6TCKN2NCPUCPF but reference to infrastructure for 5RGEKƂECVKQPU75&16 snowmobiles being DKMKPI!#TGETQUUYCNMU Federal Highway CWVJQTK\GFQPVJG FGUKIPGFHQTCNNWUGTU! Administration, Greenway during the Are road crossings National Recreation winter months. CFGSWCVGN[OCTMGF CPF2CTM#UUQEKCVKQP CPFQTJCXGUGEWTKV[ 2TQLGEVHQT2WDNKE NKIJVKPI!&QGUVJG 5RCEGU5VTGGV.KHG trail follow safe design 2TQLGEV UVCPFCTFU XKUKDKNKV[ YGNNOCKPVCKPGFVTCKNU CPFXGIGVCVKQP ! How does the use of the trail change UGCUQPCNN[!

82 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

Are there existing What types of Accident, crimes, and Reports from local JVVRYYYHQIXIQTI issues regarding CEEKFGPVUCPFQT arrest rates along the police department VTCKNAWUGTWUGURJR personal safety along crime, if any, occur )8) TGRQTVU0GY;QTM VJG)8)! QPVJGVTCKN!+UVJG 5VCVG&GRCTVOGPV trail monitored of Environmental TGIWNCTN[!#TGDCUKE %QPUGTXCVKQP1HƂEGTU rules of the trail being CPF0GY;QTM5VCVG CFJGTGFVQD[WUGTU! 2CTM2QNKEG Are safety design strategies, such as call boxes, available CNQPIVJGVTCKN!&Q seasonal changes impact personal safety EQPEGTPU!

What is the existing What population 2QRWNCVKQPD[%GPUWU 75%GPUWU population in centers are in close 6TCEV4CEKCN'VJPKE American Fact Finder, proximity to the proximity to access /CMGWR*QWUGJQNF #%5[GCT Greenway in Monroe RQKPVUQHVJG)8)! Income 2QRWNCVKQP'UVKOCVG and Livingston County 9JCVCTGVJGOCMGWR ArcGIS, other trail 2JCUGU ! QHVJQUGRQRWNCVKQPU! TGRQTVU*+#U What is the average population density of )8)EQOOWPKVKGU!

What are the What are current *QOGQYPGTUJKR 52#4%5$4(55QVJGT current trends in crime rates in the security rates, % that HIAs, Monroe County social cohesion in PGKIJDQTJQQFU!+U feel is suitable for Adolescent Health population centers there basic access YCNMKPICPFRJ[UKECN Report Card, MCAHS, in proximity to the VQJGCNVJECTG!9JCV activity, Monroe County Youth )GPGUGG8CNNG[ CTGJQOGQYPGTUJKR 4KUM$GJCXKQT )TGGPYC[! UGEWTKV[TCVGU!&Q residents feel their neighborhood is UWKVCDNGHQTYCNMKPI CPFRJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[!

Are there other trail Reports from Other HIAs, BRFSS, JVVRUYYYQGEFQTI RTQLGEVUCTQWPF population centers Bernard’s typology of FGXRIF the nation that with active trails social cohesion pdf have implemented that contribute to, programs to increase economic, or social CEEGUUCPFWUGTU! factors. Are there barriers to increased social EQJGUKQPQEEWTTKPI!

83 HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT Appendix C The Genesee Valley Greenway

241,'%6 GENESEE VALLEY GREENWAY *GCNVJ&GVGTOKPCPV 2J[UKECN#EVKXKV[ 2TKQTKV[ QH KFGPVKƂGFJGCNVJFGVGTOKPCPV )GQITCRJKE5EQRG /QPTQG.KXKPIUVQP

Existing Conditions Framing Indicators Data Sources Notes Research Questions

What are examples #TGVJGTGKFGPVKƂCDNG %JTQPKE&KUGCUG 52#4%5$4(55QVJGT of positive health issues of mental 1DGUKV[&KCDGVGU HIAs, Monroe County outcomes that occur JGCNVJ!9JCVCTG %*&5VQMG*60 Adolescent Health from increased social chronic disease levels /GPVCN*GCNVJ Report Card, MCAHS, EQJGUKQP! as they pertain to including substance Monroe County Youth RJ[UKECNCEVKXKV[! CDWUG FTWITGNCVGF 4KUM$GJCXKQT JQURKVCNK\CVKQPU stress, suicide mortality rates,

Are there any existing What are these Increased (1)8).KXKPIUVQP More examples may programs that are programs and how engagement, County Transportation be needed. National encouraging social have they impact population %QPPGEVKXKV[2NCP examples may be cohesion along the UQEKCNEQJGUKQP!9JCV demographics, )6%9CNMCDKNKV[ included. )8)KP/QPTQGQT populations are these increased physical #EVKQP2NCP .KXKPIUVQP%QWPV[! RTQITCOUCHHGEVKPI! activity, increased health outcomes.

84 7PKXGTUKV[#XGPWG

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