Children and Young Persons Act 1933
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Legislative Background to the Treatment of Children and Young People Living Apart from Their Parents
LEGISLATIVE BACKGROUND TO THE TREATMENT OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE LIVING APART FROM THEIR PARENTS Report for the Scottish Child Abuse Inquiry Professor Kenneth McK. Norrie Law School University of Strathclyde November 2017 i Project team Professor Kenneth McKenzie Norrie, Law School, University of Strathclyde. Disclaimer The views and findings expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Inquiry. Copyright information © Norrie, K. McK. (2017) Legislative Background to the Treatment of Children and Young People Living Apart from their Parents. Published by: Scottish Child Abuse Inquiry, Edinburgh. Published date November 2017 ii Contents PART ONE: THE STATUTORY FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 1 SECTION A: THE PERIOD BEFORE 1908 ...................................................................................... 1 i. The Poor Law................................................................................................................... 1 ii. Reformatory and Industrial Schools ............................................................................... 2 iii. The Early Statutes Allowing State Intervention .......................................................... 4 a. The Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act, 1889 ......................... 4 b. The Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act, 1894 ........................................................ 7 c. Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act, 1904 .............................................................. -
Doing Right by Children
DOING RIGHT BY CHILDREN Making a reality of children’s rights in the family and juvenile justice The Children’s Rights Alliance for England (CRAE) protects the human rights of children by lobbying government and others who hold power, by bringing or supporting test cases and by using national and international human rights mechanisms. We provide free legal information and advice, raise awareness of children’s human rights, and undertake research about children’s access to their rights. We mobilise others, including children and young people, to take action to promote and protect children’s human rights. Each year we publish a review of the state of children’s rights in England. Several CRAE staff worked on this project: Carolyne Willow, Catherine Hodder, Krishna Maroo, Carla Garnelas, Geoff Monaghan and Sue Marris. Carolyne Willow wrote this publication. ISBN 978-1-898961-28-4 Children’s Rights Alliance for England 94 White Lion Street London N1 9PF T: 020 7278 8222 E: [email protected] W: www.crae.org.uk June 2011 2 DOING RIGHT BY CHILDREN I believe we are at a significant point in relation to children’s rights and the value we place on children and young people in our society. John Dunford, Review of the Office of Children’s Commissioner, 20101 Everyone has been a child in their life; they should know how important it is to have rights. They can use rights as a shield to know what is good and what is wrong. Ethan Marriott, member of expert advisory group, 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people and organisations helped in the It has been a great pleasure working with Denise development of this publication. -
UNCRC: How Legislation Underpins Implementation in England
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: How legislation underpins implementation in England Further information for the Joint Committee on Human Rights March 2010 Work in progress CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................. 8 1. GENERAL MEASURES OF IMPLEMENTATION .................................. 15 GENERAL OVERVIEW .............................................................................. 15 ARTICLE 4 – Steps to Implement .............................................................. 16 ARTICLE 42 – Making the Convention Widely Known ............................... 17 ARTICLE 44(6) – Making Reports Widely Available ................................... 19 2. DEFINITION OF THE CHILD ................................................................. 20 GENERAL OVERVIEW .............................................................................. 20 ARTICLE 1 – Definition of the Child ........................................................... 20 3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES ........................................................................ 21 GENERAL OVERVIEW .............................................................................. 21 ARTICLE 2 – Non-discrimination ................................................................ 23 ARTICLE 3 – Best Interests of the Child .................................................... 25 ARTICLE 6 – Child’s -
Children and Young Persons Act 1933 Is up to Date with All Changes Known to Be in Force on Or Before 29 April 2021
Changes to legislation: Children and Young Persons Act 1933 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 29 April 2021. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. (See end of Document for details) View outstanding changes Children and Young Persons Act 1933 1933 CHAPTER 12 23 and 24 Geo 5 An Act to consolidate certain enactments relating to persons under the age of eighteen years. [13th April 1933] Extent Information E1 Act: does not extend to Scotland or Northern Ireland save as therein otherwise expressly provided see s. 109(3). Modifications etc. (not altering text) C1 Act extended (except ss. 15, 19) by Protection of Children Act 1978 (c. 37), s. 1(5). C2 Act amended by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:1), s. 170(1), Sch. 15 para. 9 C3 By Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), S. 101(1), Sch. 12 para.23; S.I. 1991/2208, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 it is provided (14.10.1991) that in relation to any time before the commencement of s. 70 of that 1991 Act (which came into force on 1.10.1992 by S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2) references in any enactment amended by that 1991 Act, to youth courts shall be construed as references to juvenile courts. C4 Power to modify conferred (5.2.1994) by 1993 c. 47, ss. -
'Who Is Silent Gives Consent': Power and Medical Decision-Making For
‘Who Is Silent Gives Consent’: Power And Medical Decision-Making For Children A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of PhD in Bioethics and Medical Jurisprudence in the Faculty of Humanities 2011 Barry Lyons School of Law TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract 5 Declaration & Copyright Statement 6 Acknowledgements 7 The Author 8 Table of Cases 9 Table of Statutes 11 PART I: INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM 12 2 ETHICAL & LEGAL BACKGROUND: CHILDREN, PARENTS & STATE 18 2.1 Children 18 2.2 Parents 22 2.2.1. Healthcare Decision-Making by Parents 29 2.2.2. The Special Nature of Healthcare Burdens 34 2.2.3. The Legitimacy of Parental Consent 38 2.3 State 44 2.3.1. State Intervention, Welfare and Competent Minors 46 2.3.2. Competence and Adolescence 48 3 LEGAL APPROACH: BEST INTERESTS 55 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 The Best Interests Principle 56 3.3 Best Interests: Similar Cases, Different Outcome 59 3.4 In the Best Interests of the Child? 61 3.5 The Problem with Best Interests 65 3.6 Conclusions 68 4 PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH: POWER 69 4.1 Bioethics, Conflict and Power 69 4.2 Conflict of Interests 72 4.3 Families and Power 74 4.4 State, Families and Power 76 4.5 Medical Power 77 4.6 Conclusions 78 5 OUTLINE OF SUBMITTED PAPERS 79 2 PART II: THE SUBMITTED ARTICLES 6 PAPER 1: OBLIGING CHILDREN 81 6.1 Introduction 81 6.2 Justifying Non-Beneficent Healthcare Interventions 84 6.3 The Nature of Obligations 89 6.4 The Legal Obligations of Children 90 6.5 Moral Obligations, Children and Healthcare 92 6.5.1. -
Jury Service 1975 Act Following Broad Consultation and Discussion
C The Law Reform Commission is an independent statutory ON body established by the Law Reform Commission Act 1975. S U The Commission’s principal role is to keep the law under LTATI review and to make proposals for reform, in particular by recommending the enactment of legislation to clarify and ON modernise the law. PAP E This role is carried out primarily under a Programme of R CONSUltatiON papER Law Reform. The Commission’s Third Programme of Law Reform 2008-2014 was prepared and approved under the JURY SERVICE 1975 Act following broad consultation and discussion. The JURY SERVICE Commission also works on specific matters referred to it by the Attorney General under the 1975 Act. Since 2006, the Commission’s role also includes two other areas of activity, Statute Law Restatement and the Legislation Directory. Statute Law Restatement involves incorporating all amendments to an Act into a single text, making legislation more accessible. The Legislation Directory (previously called the Chronological Tables of the Statutes) is a searchable guide to legislative changes. lrc CP 61 – 2010 €15 AddrEss TELEPHONE FAX EMail WEBsitE (lrc CP 61 – 2010) 35-39 Shelbourne Road Dublin 4 Ireland +353 1 6377600 +353 1 6377601 [email protected] www.lawreform.ie The Law Reform Commission is a statutory body established by the Law Reform Commission Act 1975 111860 - LRC Juries Consultation 1 19/03/2010 10:53 www.lawreform.ie 111860 - LRC Juries Consultation 2 19/03/2010 10:53 CONSULTATION PAPER JURY SERVICE (LRC CP 61-2010) © COPYRIGHT Law Reform Commission FIRST PUBLISHED March 2010 ISSN 1393-3140 i LAW REFORM COMMISSION‘S ROLE The Law Reform Commission is an independent statutory body established by the Law Reform Commission Act 1975.