PRONUNCIATION BOOKLET Word Phonetic pronunciation (mine) What Meaning (if known) Actual sea of the Mediterranean Sea between the Greek and a-gee-on Aegean (sea) Anatolian peninsula Aentides ee-an-tides Actual ancient son-in-law to Hippias Actual Ancient Greek name given to the public open space Agora ag-or-are Greek name meaning gathering place or assembly used for markets Actual ancient family line of whom Cleomenes was a Agiad ag-ee-add descendant Agrias ag-ree-us Fictional character - Alexis' father, and King of Trachis Greek name of unknown meaning Alcmaeonids al-c-me-n-id Actual ancient family from Athens, ancestors of Cleisthenes Fictional character - Princess of Thermopylae, daughter of Greek name meaning helper and defender (can be male Alexis al-ex-us Agrias & Melina or female name) Actual League in Ancient Greece consisting of 12 tribes who Amphictyonic am-f-ick-tee-on-ick lived around Thermopylae Amphissa am-f-iss-are Actual ancient city in Phocis, now known as Amfissa Greek name meaning surround Actual Ancient Greek jar or jug with two handles and a Amphora am-for-a From Greek word amphoreus meaning to bear narrow neck (singular) Actual plural of the Ancient Greek jars or jugs called Amphorae am-for-i amphora Amyntas arm-in-t-us Actual King of Macedonia Amyntas I 540-498BC Greek name meaning defender Queen of Sparta, wife of Anaxandridas, mother of Leonidas, Dorieus and Cleombrotus. Author Note: In Anassa ann-ass-are Greek name meaning queen mythology no name was ever given to Leonidas’ mother, it was said it was unknown Actual King of Sparta, Anaxandridas II, unknown Anaxandridas ann-ex-ann-dree-d-ass birthdate-c.520BC, father of Cleomenes, Dorieus, Greek name meaning son of Anaxandras Leonidas and Cleombrotus Actual ancient second moon of winter, eighth moon of Anthesterion an-the-stare-eon the year in the ancient Attic calendar. Equivalent to our February/March Antichares an-tee-car-s Actual ancient seer to the kings of Sparta Anticyra anti-sear-are Actual ancient town in Greece Aphrodite afro-die-tee Actual Greek Goddess of Love Greek name of unknown meaning Fictional character who cared for the horses while Skylar, Archippos are-hip-os Greek name meaning master of horses Leandros and Nasrin were in Naxos Ares air-ease Actual Greek God of War From Greek meaning bane/ruin Actual tyrant of the Ionian city of Miletus in the late 6th and Aristagoras air-i-stag-or-us Greek name of unknown meaning early 5th century BC

Fictional character - son of Nasrin, but was also an actual A Latinised form of an old Persian proper name Arta-banu Artabanus art-a-ban-us ancient figure named Artabanus of Persia or alternately which means the glory of Arta Artabanus the Hyrcanian, who was Darius I's brother Artaphernes art-are-ferns Actual brother of King Darius of Persia Persian name possibly meaning splendid truth Meaning unknown, possibly from the Greek word artemes Artemis art-ee-muss Actual Greek Goddess of the Hunt meaning safe/artamos meaning butcher Asclepius ass-clee-pee-us Actual Greek God of Medicine and Healing Greek name of unknown meaning Actual Ancient Greek river in the region of Thermopylae. Asopos a-soap-us Author Note: There are other rivers in Greece with the same name Aspamitres as-pa-might-ees Actual eunuch who served in Xerxes' palace in Persia

Aspasia ass-pass-e-are Greek name meaning welcome Fictional character - Melina's mother, wife of Ophelos Fictional character, daughter of Skylar & Alexis, Greek Ava Ay-var Greek name meaning eagle descent Actual Ancient Thracian tribe, protectors of the priests and Bessoi bess-oy priestesses Possible word meaning bound to something/agreement Bion buy-on Fictional character - fisherman from Trachis Ancient Greek name meaning life Actual third moon of summer, third moon of the year in the Boedromion bo-dro-mee-an Ancient Attic calendar. Equivalent to our September/October Boeotia be-oh-sha Actual ancient and current region of central Greece Boulis boo-less Actual ancient city on the Corinthian Gulf Brygos br-i-goss Fictional character - a soldier of Trachis Greek name of unknown meaning Calla car-la Fictional character - Alexis' horse Greek name meaning most beautiful Carthaginians car-the-gin-ee-ons Actual ancient people from Magna Graecia Casaereo sa-sar-ee-owe Fictional character - a herder In Latin, the meaning is hairy Actual name for ancient metalworkers who produced Celator sell-ate-or coins Cephissus (valley) seph-i-ss-es Actual ancient valley in Boeotia in Greece Actual name given to the full length garment worn by Chiton kite-on From the Greek word chitōn meaning tunic women of Ancient Greece Cinyps (River) sin-ups Actual ancient river in the north of Africa Borrowed from the ancient Greek kinups Actual 5th century BC nobleman and statesman of Athens, Greek name derived from the words kleos meaning glory Cleisthenes cl-i-s-th-e-knees maternal grandson of the tyrant Cleisthenes of Sicyon and sthenos meaning strength Word Phonetic pronunciation (mine) What Meaning (if known)

Cleombrotus clee-om-bro-t-us Actual regent of Sparta 480-479BC, brother of Greek name of unknown meaning Cleomenes, Leonidas & Dorieus, son of Anaxandridas Cleomenes cleo-mean-ees Actual King of Sparta c. 520–490BC Greek name of unknown meaning Actual ancient lake in the centre of Boeotia, known now as Copais (Lake) cope-ee-us YEP I SPELT IT WRONG IN THE BOOK - DID YOU NOTICE?! Kopaida Coresus cor-ee-sus Actual ancient harbour city in Ephesus (Persia) Actual Ancient Greek city near the Isthmus, in the north of Corinth cor-in-th the Peloponnese Actual name given to the Ancient Greek armour chest piece - Cuirass k-were-as From the Greek word keriein meaning to cut normally made of bronze or leather Cyclades sigh-cl-are-dees Actual ancient cluster of islands Persian name Dārayavahush, elements dâraya "to possess" d-are-ee-us Actual King of Persia, Darius I - 550-486BC Darius and vahu "good" Delphi dell-fee Actual ancient town in Greece, famous for its Oracle Delphinium dell-fin-ee-um Flowers and also an actual ancient town of Chios in Greece From the Greek word delphis meaning dolphin

Democedes demo-seeds Actual ancient Greek healer enslaved by Darius Greek name Fictional character in my series, but there was an ancient Demosthenes dee-most-heen-s Athenian general in the 5th century and Athenian orator of Greek name meaning vigour of the people the 4th century with the same name Dianthe Die-ann-thee Fictional character, Zita's mother, Skylar's grandmother Greek name meaning flower of the gods Diplos dip-low-s Actual multi waterfall (one of seven) in ancient Edessa Actual prince of Sparta, brother of Cleomenes, Leonidas & Dorieus door-ee-us Cleombrotus, son of Anaxandridas Greek name meaning gift or of the Dorian tribe, from Doris Dyras die-rus The name of a number of rivers in Greece Ekphora ek-for-are Actual name given to a funeral procession in Greece Eos ee-oss Actual Greek Goddess of the Dawn Greek name meaning dawn Actual ancient name given to the new recruits of Greek Ephebes a-fee-b-s armies Ephesus eff-a-sus Actual ancient port-town in modern day Turkey Epirote/s e-pie-r-ut-s Actual Ancient Greek tribe from the region of Epirus Epirus e-pie-r-us Actual Ancient Greek region in northern Greece From the Greek word epeiros meaning mainland Eretria air-ee tree-are Actual ancient city on the island of Euboea Eretrians air-ee-tree-ans Actual ancient people from Eretria in Euboea Eris air-iss Actual Greek Goddess of Discord, daughter of Nyx Eryx air-ex Actual ancient town of Magna Graecia Euboea you-bee-are Actual second largest Greek island Actual name given to the people who live on the island of Euboean/s you-bee-ans Euboea Eumelia you-meel-ee-are Fictional character, daughter of Thaddeus and Hesper Deived from the Greek eumeleia meaning saint Actual river in Laconia, one of the major rivers of the Eurotas you-row-t-as Peloponnese Actual ancient man who had travelled with Dorieus to Euryleon you-ree-lee-on Greek name Magna Graecia Actual ancient family whose descendents co-ruled Sparta at Eurypontid you-ree-pon-tid the same time as Cleomenes Evritos (River) every-toss Actual ancient river near Sparta

Fibula fib-you-lar Actual name given to the Ancient Greek brooch or clasp, Word possibly means to fasten which were made from bone, wood or metal (singular)

Actual first moon of winter, seventh moon of the year in the Gamelion gam-ee-lion Ancient Attic calendar. Equivalent to our January/February

Gnosidicus no-sid-ee-cuss Actual Ancient Greek descendent of Asclepius Greek name of unknown meaning Greek name meaning dreadful, terrible, very ugly, like a Gorgo gore-go Actual ancient daughter of Cleomenes, king of Sparta gorgon Gytheion gith-ee-on Actual ancient Harbour on the Laconian Gulf Hades hay-dees Actual Greek God of the Underworld Greek name meaning unseen Fictional character from Trachis sent with Democedes to Hektor heck-tore Greek name meaning defend, hold fast Sparta Helios hell-ee-us Actual Greek God of the Sun Greek name meaning sun Helots heel-ots Actual name given to the ancient slaves of the Spartans Greek name meaning captives Hera hair-are Actual Greek Queen of the Gods & Childbirth Greek name meaning queen Actual Ancient Greek Hero, known as Hercules to the Heracles hair-a-cl-ease Greek name meaning in Hera's service Romans Actual ancient town in Argolis in the Peloponnese, now Hermione her-my-owe-knee Greek name meaning messenger, earthly known as Ermioni Hesper hess-per Fictional character - Alexis’ best friend, wife of Thaddeus Greek name meaning evening or evening star Actual name of the Ancient Greek long cloak which was Himation him-a-tee-on Akin to the Greek word hennynai meaning to clothe normally made of wool Hippias hip-ee-us Actual tyrant of Athens from 527BC–510BC Greek name of unknown meaning Word Phonetic pronunciation (mine) What Meaning (if known) Histiaeus hist-are-ee-us Actual ancient satrap of Miletus Hypaepa high-pie-per Actual ancient town in Persia Hypnos hip-noss Actual Greek God of Sleep, son of Nyx Hystaspes his-tas-peas Actual uncle to Darius of Persia Illyrian/s ill-ear-ee-un/s Actual Ancient Greek tribe of the region of Illyria Ionian eye-on-ee-an Actual members of the ancient tribe in Ionia Irina i-ree-n-are Fictional character - Leandros’ bondmate from Thrace Greek name meaning peace Greek name derived from the words isos meaning equal and Isagoras i-sag-or-as Actual Athenian aristocrat in the late 6th century bc agora meaning marketplace or agoreuo meaning to orate/to speak publicly Kallidromon (Mt) kelly-d-row-mon Actual mountain in NE Phocis in central Greece

Actual Ancient Greek female spririts of violent or cruel death Ker care Greek name meaning evil spirits (singular), and also one of the daughters of Nyx, Goddess of the Night, who brought destruction and murder Actual Ancient Greek female spririts of violent or cruel death Keres care-ease Greek name meaning evil spirits (plural) Kleitos clee-toss Fictional character from Trachis Greek name meaning famous, renowned Klinai cl-ee-nigh Actual name of Ancient Greek bed/banquet couch Konitsa con-its-are Actual ancient town in Epirus Actual ancient Greek city located on the eastern side of the Lampsacus lump-sar-cus Hellespont Larissa lar-is-are Actual ancient town Leandros lee-ann-d-ross Fictional character - Skylar’s father Greek name meaning lion man Actual brother of Cleomenes and Prince of Sparta. Note: Leonidas lee-on-i-das actually born in 540BC, rather than 528BC as suggested in Greek name meaning son of the lion my series Lykaon ly-kay-on Fictional character - Spartan soldier Greek name possibly meaning wolf Lysistratos lee-see-str-art-oss Fictional character, best friend to Nikomachos Ancient Greek name meaning liberation army Macedonia Mass-ee-dough-knee-are Actual Ancient Greek & Modern region Macedonian/s Mass-ee-dough-knee-an/s Actual Ancient Greek people of Macedonia Actual name given by the Romans to the coastal areas of Magna Graecia mag-nar gree-shee-are Southern Italy Actual Ancient Greek Tribe & Gulf in the region of Malian mar-lee-on Thermopylae mar-liss Malis Actual Ancient Greek region and river near Thermopylae Actual ancient soldier of the Persian army who sailed to Greek name derived from the Old Persian meaning warlike, mar-dough-knee-us Mardonius Greece under Darius' rule bellicose Megabates mega-bay-ts Actual ancient Persian general Fictional character - second oldest son of Andreas, brother Melanthios mel-ann-thee-oss of Basilieos, Cleon, Xylon and Marcario, of the tribe of the Greek name meaning dark flower Molossians in Epirus Actual name given to a river in the region of Thermopylae, Melas mel-us was also known as the Black River Meliboea mel-a-bee-are Actual ancient town in Thessaly Fictional character - Queen of Thermopylae, wife of Agrias, Melina me-lean-are Greek name meaning honey mother of Alexis Menelaus men-ee-lay-us Actual ancient king of Sparta and husband of Helen of Troy Midas my-duss Actual ancient king of Phrygia in Persia Milesian my-lesion Actual ancient name given to the people of Miletus Miletus my-lee-tuss Actual ancient Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia Moeris more-us Fictional character - soldier of Trachis Greek name of unknown meaning In Greek mythology a being of impending doom who drove Moros Greek name meaning doom or fate morose men to their own destruction Morpheus more-fee-us Actual Greek God of Dreams Greek name meaning shape (morphe)

Actual first moon of spring, tenth moon of the year in the Mounichion moon-ee-shin Ancient Attic calendar. Equivalent to our April/May Myrcinus mer-ki-nus Actual ancient town of Persia Actual ancient town where Aristagoras captured Persian Myus my-us fleet commanders Nasrin nass-reen Fictional character - of Persian descent Persian name meaning wild rose Naxians nack-see-ons Actual ancient people from Naxos Naxos nax-os Actual ancient Greek island in the South Aegean Nikomachos nick-o-mark-os Fictional character, Hesper and Thaddeus' eldest son Greek name maning battle of victory Actual Ancient Greek mountain and region in central Oetaea owe-eat-are Greece, south of Thessaly, near Trachis Actual Ancient Greek mountain, which was believed to be Olympos o-lim-pus Greek name of unknown meaning the home of the Gods Word Phonetic pronunciation (mine) What Meaning (if known) Fictional character - Melina's father and husband of Ophelos off-oh-loss Greek name meaning help Aspasia Actual ancient village in Boeotia, modern name is Orchomenos or-coe-men-os Orchomenus Oropus or-owe-pose Actual ancient town in Attica (Modern town is Oropos) Pamphilos pam-fill-os Fictional character, Hesper and Thaddeus' second son Greek name meaning friend of all Papou pa-poo Actual Greek name for grandfather Actual mountain in Ancient Greek mythology where it was Parnassos (Mt) par-nass-os believed the Muses lived Parnitha (Mts) parni-th-er Actual ancient mountain range Parnonas (Mt) par-no-n-ass Actual ancient mountain range near Sparta Pāsārgād par-sar-gad An ancient city of present day Iran known as Pasargadae Fictional character - lives at Rachi, harvests sea snails to Pelagios pel-are-gee-os Greek name meaning from the sea produce purple dye Peloponnese pel-op-o-knees Actual region of South-west Greece Greek name meaning island of Pelops Peraia Chora pear-are core-are Actual ancient place near Corinth in Ancient Greece Greek word meaning the land on the other side Perioeci pear-ee-owe-see Actual name given to the tradesmen of ancient Sparta Pharnaces far-n-ace-ees Actual ancient ruler of Phrygia and kin to Darius Greek name From the Greek name Philon, which was derived from philos Philo file-owe Fictional character - Ava's horse meaning lover, friend Phocea foe-see-are Actual ancient place in Persia Phocian/s foe-see-on Actual ancient people Phrygia fridge-ee-are Actual ancient place Actual ancient area on Mt Taygetos where the Menelaion Profitis Ilias profit eel-ee-us shrine is Rachi rake-ee Actual ancient town near Sparta Raisa Rie-sah Fictional character - Nasrin's horse, mother of Philo Easy-going Rizpah riz-par Fictional character - Zita’s grandmother Greek name meaning hope Sander sand-er Fictional character from Trachis Greek name meaning defender of man Sardis s-are-diss Actual ancient city in Persia, razed by the Greeks Satrap sat-rap Actual ancient name for a leader/king in Persia Scythians s-ith-ee-ans Actual ancient people Segesta suggest-are Actual ancient town in Magna Graecia Sipylum sip-eye-lum Actual ancient place in Persia Skaris scar-us Fictional charcater - Leandros' horse Thracian name meaning quick Actual last moon of spring, 12th moon of the year in the Skirophorion skeer-o-for-ee-on Ancient Attic calendar. Equivalent to our June/July Skotos sc-owe-toss Fictional character - Skylar’s horse Greek name meaning darkness Skylar sky-l-are Fictional character - Zita & Leandros' daughter Greek name meaning fugitive Spartiate/s spay-sh-ee-ates Actual name for the ancient professional soldiers of Sparta Actual Ancient Greek valley and river in the region of Spercheios spur-key-us Thermopylae, central Greece Stratos stra-toss Actual Ancient Greek village in Acarnania Greek word meaning army Actual ancient lake (Lake Zaraka) in Arcadia where Heracles Stymphalos s-tim-far-loss was sent for one of his labours Syracuse s-ear-accuse Actual ancient town Tantalus tan-tar-luss Actual ancient king of Phrygia in Persia Greek name meaning condemned to eternal torment Tarentum tar-en-tum Actual ancient town Actual Ancient Greek area of torture and torment in the From the Greek work tartaros meaning a type of Tartarus tart-are-us Underworld, equivalent to Hell encrustation or as a verb meaning to cast down Taygetos tay-get-os Actual mountain range near Sparta Greek name from word tays meaning great/long Fictional character - Hesper’s husband, friend of Alexis, Thaddeus th-add-ee-us Aramaic name meaning heart favoured guard and best friend of Agrias Thargelion th-are-gee-lee-on Thebes the-bs Actual ancient and modern city in Boeotia, Greece Therapne there-app-knee Actual ancient area near Sparta Thermopylae therm-op-a-lie Actual ancient region of Central Greece Hot Gates Theron th-e-ron Fictional character - friend of Leandros' from Thrace Greek name meaning hunter

Thessaly thess-a-lee Actual ancient region of Central Greece Thrace th-race Actual ancient region of Greece Thracian th-ray-shin/s Actual Ancient Greek tribe from the region of Thrace Greek word meaning to trouble, stir Thrax th-ra-x Acient Thracian name for Ares, god of war Tmolus (Mt) tee-mole-us Actual ancient mountain in Persia Actual Ancient Greek town in the region of Thermopylae, Trachis tray-kiss south of the river Spercheios Trireme/s try-ream/s Actual type of Ancient Greek ship Tritonos try-ton-os Fictional character, Hesper and Thaddeus' youngest son Variant form of Greek triton, meaning of the third Tyre tire Actual ancient town in Persia Word Phonetic pronunciation (mine) What Meaning (if known) Verkâna ver-carn-a Actual ancient name of modern Hyrcania Xiphos ziff-oss Actual type of Ancient Greek/Spartan sword Word possibly meaning penetrating light Actual Ancient town in the southern Peloponnese, in the Xirokambi zero-kombi Greek name of unknown meaning valley of Sparta at the foot of Mount Taygetos Zeus zoo-ss Actual Greek King of the Gods Zita zee-tah Fictional character - Skylar’s mother Greek name meaning reaper or seeker