3 a Tour of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration: Implementing 3 Transportation Solutions to Define a New Era Peter H

TR NEWS

NUMBER 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010

3 A Tour of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration: Implementing 3 Transportation Solutions to Define a New Era Peter H. Appel At the fifth anniversary of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), Administrator Appel reviews the work and accomplishments of RITA’s six components and advances a vision of researchers communicating across modes to share findings and best practices and to develop and implement innovative transportation solutions. 12 Vanguard Technologies on the Move: Delivering Innovations into the Mainstream of Practice Byron N. Lord Through the Vanguard Technologies initiative, the Federal Highway Administration is promoting proven, high-payoff innovations that save time, boost safety and quality, and decrease congestion during highway construction: road 12 safety audits, prefabricated bridge elements and systems, precast concrete pavement systems, techniques for making work zones work better, and the safety edge to reduce roadway departure crashes. 20 Transportation to Enhance America’s Best Idea: Addressing Mobility Needs in National Parks Katherine F. Turnbull Meeting the transportation needs of visitors to national parks, wildlife refuges, wilderness areas, and other federal lands presents an ongoing challenge. The author reviews the planning, financing, and operation of recent initiatives and projects, as well as research efforts, findings from case studies, and best practices. 24 Rebirth of the Historic Hermit Road Jonathan Upchurch 20 27 POINT OF VIEW The Creative Financing Sidestep Steve Williams and Dan Murray The role of the fuel tax in generating future transportation revenue has been downplayed in the national debate, and several of the creative financing alternatives are problematic, the authors maintain, pointing to flaws in congestion pricing, tolling, privatization, and vehicle mileage taxes. They argue that raising the fuel tax is the better option. 31 TRB ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS Investing in Our Transportation Future: Bold Ideas to Meet Big Challenges A photo essay documents sessions, workshops, special events, poster presentations, awards, exhibits, committee meetings, and networking at TRB’s 89th Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., January 10–14, including a speech by U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood and panel discussions with U.S. DOT leaders. 43 Expanding International Transport Research Collaboration: COVER: Touch the image (and turn the page) to review and Working Group Presents Findings preview several innovations for G. A. Giannopoulos and O. A. Elrahman transportation that are being An international working group has examined the issues of collaboration in developed and integrated into transportation research between groups in the European Union and the United the mainstream of practice. States. The report explores differences in research management, finance, and governance; investigates ways to effect collaboration; identifies possible models; and makes recommendations. TR NEWS TR NEWS ALSO IN THIS ISSUE:

features articles on innovative and timely research and development activities in all modes of trans portation. Brief news items of interest to the transportation community are also included, along with profiles of transportation professionals, meeting an nouncements, summaries of new publications, and news of Trans portation Re search Board activities.

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TR News Editorial Board Frederick D. Hejl, Chairman Jerry A. DiMaggio Charles Fay 51 Christine L. Gerencher Edward T. Harrigan Christopher J. Hedges Thomas R. Menzies, Jr. 50 Calendar Barbara L. Post G.P. Jayaprakash, Research Pays Off Liaison 51 Research Pays Off Transportation Research Board Jointless Bridge Research Pays Dividends for Vermont Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Executive Director Chad A. Allen Suzanne B. Schneider, Associate Executive Director Mark R. Norman, Director, 54 Profiles Technical Activities Public transportation systems consultant Karla Karash and international Stephen R. Godwin, Director, transportation consultant Cesar Queiroz Studies and Special Programs Michael P. LaPlante, Director, Administration and Finance 56 News Briefs Christopher W. Jenks, Director, Oregon’s solar highway, smart phones to reduce congestion, airport Cooperative Research Programs Neil F. Hawks, Director, SHRP 2 Segways, and bus rapid transit in India TR News (ISSN 0738-6826) is issued bimonthly by the 58 TRB Highlights Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001. Internet address: www.TRB.org. 60 Bookshelf

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PHOTO © ISTOCKPHOTO/DEITSCHEL science science and rigorous analysis. Secretary of Trans- portation Raymond H. embraced this LaHood analysis philosophy and research and hasmultimodal has championedcross-disciplinary, strongly making. policy transportation for foundation the as the within partners its with closely working is RITA the advance to administrations operating DOT U.S. Secretary’s priorities: livablesafety, communities, environmental state sustainability, of good repair, competitiveness. economic and :) RITA’s 5-year ITS Strategic Research (Photo above:) RITA’s Plan focuses on enhancements to the transportation such as system through technology and connectivity, vehicle-to-vehicle systems that allow vehicles to communicate with each other on the road and that have shown the potential to reduce crashes. PETER H. APPEL ive ive years ago, Congress passed the Nor- man Y. Mineta Research and Special Pro- and Special Research Mineta man Y. grams Improvement Act, which created the and Research Technology Innovative RITA is positioned to help researchers communi- researchers help to positioned is RITA

in support of the nation’s transportation goals. The goals. transportation of the nation’s in support comprehensive transportation statistics research and research statistics transportation comprehensive analysis, and supports education and training fields. in transportation-related and transportation practices best and research share to modes across cate Obama Administration is committed to policy makingand investment decisions based on sound Administration (RITA) within the U.S. Department U.S. the within (RITA) Administration of Transportation (DOT). RITA coordinates the Department’s multimodal research and education cross-modal of deployment the advances programs, supplies system, transportation the into technologies F

A Tour of the Research and and Research the of Tour A Implementing Transportation Solutions to Define a New Era New a Define to Solutions Transportation Implementing Innovative Technology Administration Technology Innovative The author is Research Administrator, and Innovative Technology Administration, D.C., and Washington, an ex officio member of the TRB Executive Committee. 4 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 F ence on Radio Frequency Identification (October 2006); Exchange (July 2005); sit Cooperative Research Program; and Cooperative Highway Research Program; and 7 with the Tran-erative Freight Research Program (NCFRP);port Cooperative11 with the ResearchNational Program; 10 with the National Coop- 2007); Transportation: Congestion and System Performance (October 2006); Tools for Public-Sector Decision Making (cosponsor; September sponsored the following activities at TRB from 2005 to 2010: expert task groups: 2 members. and 4 committee young members; tee vice chair, 4 committee secretaries,executive 37 committeecommittee members, members, 3 committee chairs, 1 commit-1 group chair, 2 group executive committee members, 4 section on Planning (April 2007); Making Peer Exchange with the AASHTO Standing Committee ees—are involved as volunteers in TRB, filling 93 roles: rom the RITA staff, 53 individuals—7 percent of the employ- In addition to its sponsorship of NCFRP since 2006, RITA has u u u u u u u u u u UTCSpotlight Conference Researchon IssuesFreight in University Transportation Centers (UTC) Spotlight Confer- InformationSupportTransportationAssetsto Decision Meeting Freight Data Challenges Workshop (July 2007); FreightDemand Modeling: ConferenceA onImproving Commodity Flow Survey Data Users Conference and Peer Program Research Highway Strategic Second the For For Cooperative Research Programs panels: 1 with the Air- For Technical Activities: 1 council chair,For the1 Executivecouncil member, Committee: 1 member; Harnessing ResourcesHarnessing involvement will continue and will increase. Research Program (see sidebar, below). This level of Research Programs and the Second Strategic group,Highwayandsection levels; andwith theCooperative ershiprolesstanding on committees thecouncil,at involved in 93 different TRB activities,administration’sthe percentof staff—are 7 53—orincluding lead- TRB; rolesat varietyof a involved membersarein RITAstaff effort. this in partner to invited is nity TransportationThe Research Board(TRB)commu- transformandAmerica’sera transportation system. portation solutions—solutions that will define a new push for collaborative research and innovative trans- RITAisharnessing U.S. DOT resources invigilanta A Growing Partnership Growing A RITAand TRB and Freight Travel Data (cosponsor). and Livable Communities (October 2010); Renewal (November 2009). TransportationforInfrastructure PreservationAgendaand and Demographicson the Transportation System (October 2008); atrium of the National Academies’ Keck Center. Congestion and System Performance featured a Transportation—posterFreight sessionin IssuesinResearch the on conference2007 A Planning is under way for the following: u u u u u TRB policyTRBstudyStrategies on Improvedfor Passenger Workshop2010);(NovemberSurveyFlowCommodity UTC Spotlight Conference on Transportation Systems for Research a Developing on Conference Spotlight UTC ChangingSpotlightImpactof UTCConferencethe on Timing (PNT); Joint Program Office; within assets U.S. DOT, including collection data and technology, research, ments produce results for the American people. is crucial in ensuring that U.S. DOT’s research theinvest- nation’s transportation challenges. RITA’sRITAeffectivelythataddressesensurehowever, to mission accomplished,be can more Mineta’sMuch vision. RITA is structured to bring together importanttogether bring tostructured RITAis RITA has made great strides in fulfilling Secretary u u u The Office of Positioning, Navigation, and Navigation, Positioning, of Office The IntelligentTransportationThe (ITS)Systems The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS); TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 5 The North American Statistics Transportation Data Interchange in June 2009 brought together representatives from Mexico, the United States, and Canada to share data. Freight trucks at the primary inspection line at the United States– BTS Canada border. assembles and analyzes key data about the movement of freight across U.S. borders. To reach their full potential, however, BTS data reach their however, full potential, To

grows and transcends borders, comprehensive data comprehensive borders, transcends and grows movement its and traffic freight international system about transportation the through and borders across Border and Transborder BTS The essential. become of data measures Crossing provide these trade elements. decision of needs emerging the with up match must its improve makers. data To and products services continu- BTS needs, user meet to them position and through and customers stakeholders engages ously TRB with closely works BTS outreaches. of variety a users data CFS the as such efforts, these of several on workshop scheduled for November National Research Council–appointed Committee 2010, the on Strategies for Improved Passenger and Transportation Freight American North the and Data, Travel Interchange. Statistics

: C : P A S B ANADA HOTO GENCY ERVICES ORDER The Volpe National Transportation Systems The Office of Research, Development, and and (TSI); Institute Safety Transportation The u u u BTS provides key into BTS the insights provides interconnec- These programs provide valuable transportation valuable provide programs These The Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) is a (CFS) crucial Survey Flow Commodity The the to measure indices economic assembles BTS Tools for Decision Makers Tools BTS also provides lawmakers with a lens into the dynamics of America’s transportation networks, revealing how people, goods,impact the and measuring vehicles as well move as system, the through of social, economic, and factors on environmental system performance. Through the Transportation Statistics Annual Report and the National Trans- portation Atlas Database, BTS supports national efforts to improve the transportation system. BTS or air delays on flight as reports data—such airline tools traffic for trends—supply policy makers, the safety the evaluating consumers and industry, airline Bureau of Transportation Statistics of Transportation Bureau analy- and information, data, need makers Decision transportation and valuable relevant ses to develop the at are Data nation. the for programs and policies heart of critical decisions that affect the American play data transportation Comprehensive life. of way a crucial role, from move- tracking the the airline analyzing industry’s to delays flight reduce to efforts country. the across freight and passengers of ment econ- U.S. the with system transportation the of tions DOT U.S. with collaborates BTS livelihood. and omy such agencies, other with and administrations modal services and products offer to Bureau, Census the as community. transportation the to essential Center. informed for training and education, research, data, they policy and allow combined, making; decision of sum the than more become to RITA and DOT U.S. parts. their Technology (RD&T); Technology and performance of the aviation industry. industry. aviation the of performance and tool for evaluatingvol- The airways. freight and movementroads, railways, across ports, the nation’s ship- materials hazardous goods—including of ume ments—that require flowsmakers decision increasing; ever acrossis networks secu- U.S. safety, the evaluate to transportation data high-quality robust, flows. these of performance and rity, Ser- Transportation the economy; U.S. the in trends vices Index, for data example, synthesizes on passengers, vehicles, and goods moving across transportation the system. As the nation’s commerce 6 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 focuses on the benefits of technology for mobilitytechnologyfor ofbenefits the also on focuses program ITS The transportation. of modes achieve once-unimaginable safety benefits across all 1 described inthisarticle. additional informationaboutthese and otherinitiatives tistical information. BTS website, and a Twitter network disseminate sta- TransportationNationalstatistics.The Library, the connect customers to the most recent transportation BTS employs a variety of communication methods to Platform Information research and development into systems that can that systems into development and research pioneering community,is transportation national ners across U.S. DOT, in academia, and in the inter- TheITS program, managed byRITA and with part- fleets, in the air, in pipelines, and on the waterways. inrails,theunprecedentedroads, onthe on safety crashavoidance—show promisecontributingin to for technology—particularly safety in Advances Advancing SafetyTechnology vowed to fight—driver distraction. has LaHoodSecretary that challengeemerging an efforts to reduce roadway fatalities and injuries face cause of death among persons 4 to 34 years old. Yet leadingtransportation.theVehicleremain crashes of modes other the across occurred injuries and crashes onvehicle America’s in highways. Additionalinjured fatalities were million 2.3 another and In 2008, more than 37,000 Americans lost their lives,Joint Program Office Intelligent Transportation Systems portation decision making. trans-complexsupport to BTSposition to critical These listening sessions and othercommunity. transportationoutreaches the of will needs be the meet to ones new develop to and products improve to request and to listen to feedback from its customers customers is needed. BTS is redoubling its efforts to holderneeds,however, moreproactive outreach to most complex data and statistical projects. site—and supports many of the federal government’s and print collections—all available through its web- digitalextensivemaintains library thewarehouse, transportationnationalknowledge a resources.As relevant to access have consumers other and lic, mation and for ensuring that stakeholders, the pub- platform for organizing critical transportation infor- vance of the agency’s statistics and analyses. quality,consistency,rele-the objectivity, andines TransportationonCouncil exam-Statistics, which See sidebar, page11,foralistofRITA websites thatoffer To ensure that BTS is best aligned with stake- with aligned best is BTS that Toensure NationalTheTransportation a Libraryservesas 1 BTS also sponsors the Advisory

PHOTO: MICHAEL CHAPMAN, UCAR and integration of ITS in the United States. groundworkthedeploymentstrationlaythe forto beyondmovesresearch, development,demon- and holders across the transportation enterprise, the plan Americans. Crafted with extensive input from stake- ontravel; harnessing this technology will benefit all defines the information age will havethat connectivity a Connectivity.The similarThrough tem impact plan is Transforming the Nation’s Transportationthe program Sys- for continued progress. The themevision of thatthe builds on progress made and that positions ResearchPlan, 2010–2014 5-yearthe 2010,January inReleased Strategic Research Plan and improve the quality of life in their communities. cost-effective traffic managementof arsenal new toolsa havetransportation willagencies to ease gridlock operatorsandusersapproach travel. Stateandlocal transportationhowcientchangemanagementwill patterns,and other elements critical tosafe and effi- timedata about weather androad conditions, traffic crashmitigating severity to preventing crashes. agement, and roadway applications that movegram isnow beyondadvancing vehicle, transportation man- crashesthat once were considered fatal, the ITS pro- vehicleshavemadepossibleit forpeople survive to safety advances. Although improved safety featuresmajorautomobile incompanies, producing innovative and for the environment. cate wirelessly with each other andmultimodal with initiativetransportation to enable vehicles to communi- A prototypeofIntelliDrive trunk space. integrated intothecardesign,insteadoftakingup weather data—futureequipmentwillbesmallerand onboard equipmentcollects,stores,andtransmits was testedinDetroit,Michigan,2009.The each otherandwithtransportationinfrastructure, to enablevehiclescommunicatewirelesslywith At the core of this research plan is IntelliDrive ITS technologies and applications that capture real- U.S. DOT has a legacy of cooperative research with SM outlinescomprehensivea , amultimodalinitiative ITS StrategicITS SM , a TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 7 RITA Adminsitrator Peter RITA Appel and U.S. Secretary Transportation Ray LaHood confer during the U.S. DOT’s Distracted Driving Summit in 2009. Global Positioning satellites System (GPS) an are providing range of data expanding for transportation of systems; the Office Positioning, Navigation, (PNT) and Timing conducts all-inclusive technical and policy discussions about GPS and PNT applications. RITA leads the National PNT Architecture effort Architecture PNT National the leads RITA on GPS to support performance-based navigation, as navigation, performance-based support to GPS on all in safety improve to surveillance, aircraft as well congestion airport and airspace reduce phases, flight impacts, weather reduce impacts, environmental and man- the improve and capacity airspace expand and Air Collaborative through flow traffic air of agement Management. Traffic in efficient cooperationmore with provide theto Departmentbeyond and of 2025 Defense, to looking and effective PNT technologies and to overcome and electromag- such as gaps, physically capability GPS. hamper that environments impeded netically Office of Research, Development, of Research, Office and Technology mission involves RITA’s transforming the ideal of coordinated, multimodal, and U.S. synergized a reality. into education and trans- research portation DOT’s modaladvances. historic administrations to led has traditionally that research have in engaged PNT PNT is crucial for planning and tracking ship- V2V systems can alert drivers safely and reliably and safely drivers alert can systems V2V The plan focuses on proven technologies and The ITS strategic plan also provides state and ments ments and for it routes; mapping is to integral the ITS example, For transportation. American of future accurate and reliable require will applications safety FAA’s to navigation support vehicle crash and avoidance addition, In IntelliDrive. of features safety other rely will System Transportation Air Next-Generation rely. RITA’s Office of PNT ensures that all civil-sector all that ensures PNT of Office RITA’s rely. repre- just in those transportation—are users—not GPS about discussions policy and technical in sented government. federal the outside and across PNT and ing communication ing systems, finance and communication banking, infra- critical other and energy and logistics, freight structure systems on which shippers and carriers use of the precise time available via GPS is support- is GPS via available time precise the of use All modes of transportation rely on the Global Posi- Global the on rely transportation of modes All on and augmentations its and (GPS) System tioning the other PNT to capabilities safe provide and reliable Increasingly, systems. transportation of operation Office of Positioning, Office Navigation, and Timing infrastructure to alert drivers to—and to infrastructure help pre- safety, other and to provide crashes vent—potential Specifi- enhancements. and environmental mobility, (V2V) systems that vehicle-to-vehicle enable cally, road the on other each with communicate to vehicles percent 82 to up prevent to potential the shown an have create will V2V crashes. vehicle severe most the of drivers. for environment awareness-driven to imminent dangers on the road, such as a sudden during spot blind the in car a or ahead stops traffic lane change. The research will determine how to to to operators vehicle effectively warnings deliver distraction. driver minimize to and safety enhance that developments accommodates may support or Ded- development. and research current on improve icated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) was appli- safety time-critical to remains underwrite established DSRC that ensures plan the V2V; like cations the core By technology. answering will the remaining research planned the program, the for questions act as a - catalyst for the of implementation Intelli deployment. enabling by Drive municipal agencies with tools and applications to most enhance the management and resources of performance the their use to and system transportation technology supports program 5-year The efficiently. and knowledge the of development the and transfer skills of ITS across professionals the The country. plan envisions a future that transportation will be mobile. more and greener, safer, 8 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 RITA and TRB. collaborative initiative of October 2009. NCFRP is a upcoming projects in Committee met to discuss (NCFRP) Oversight Freight Research Program The National Cooperative the departmentthe acrossand transportation the com- that facilitates communication among researchers in tem.Secretary technological LaHood hascreated anenvironment foster and interconnectedthe transportationadvancesin sys- priorities DOT U.S. tiatives that expand across modal boundaries researchsupportprojects.Ini-and modesacrossleveraged research issues, and technology products that pursuits, can common be identifies factors—and human researchclusters—suchas ordisciplines scientific RITA seeks specific areas of common ground within Exchange Information implement atechnology. tify synergies across research and among people to itate communication and awarenessand communication itate iden- can that modal a stakeholder,a and administration facil- to also but of between or agencies coordination between the research institutionalize and port, the railroad industry. SafetyAdministration to address issues confronting TrafficHighwayNational the researchbyleverage address to vehicles,otheror driversemergingof forissues to distraction pilot aircraft on leverage research to example, for was, intent The mode. bring together the best RITAthinking on the 2009, to topicpartners modal forits in eachcollaborativelywith worked Summit Driving Distracted the aircraft.vessels,andSecretary theWhenconvened maritime trains,transit, buses, trucks,tion—cars, Distracted driving affects every mode of transporta- distracteddrivingrepresents excellent anexample. synergies across the programs. find to ariseopportunities missions, agencies’ the Although much of the focus of this research reflects RITA is positioned not only to facilitate, sup- facilitate, to only not positioned is RITA Secretary LaHood’s effort to confront the issue of Initiatives include the following: Sampler ofInitiatives on leadership DOT cross-modal U.S. research. advising and grams; ational support; managing multimodal research pro- providingcross-modal research, analysis, and oper- also works to advance transportation technology by accrue not unless do the research results of are benefits implemented. the The that office recognizing billion annual investment in transportation research, exchangeoptimizeto theU.S.DOT’s more than$1 RD&T policy and priorities. Council, composed of the modal administrators, sets coordination and collaboration; the RD&T Planning outlinesavenuesforandagencyleaderseachfrom PlanningRD&TTeamTheers. comprisesresearch maintainingtomentdialogues between stakehold- ITS Management Council. SafetySummit,Council,DOTU.S.ingthethe and munity through such forums as the Distracted Driv- oois n tcnlg apiain—uh as satellite-based GPS and applications—such topographic technologies— technology and nologies tech- information spatial and sensing remote ing leveragesTechnologies Program existing and emerg- and mitigation. portation decision making, and ideas for adaptation trans- into considerations change climate grating climate inte-infrastructure,approachesforthe on of change impacts potential the emissions, gas climate includes change, information on greenhouse and transportation on base knowledgeinteractive ries out applied research on freight issues. National Cooperative Freight Research Program car- transportation and climatechange. an interactiveonlineknowledge baseon The ClimateChangeCenter(www.climate.dot.gov) is The RD&T office coordinates an information an coordinates office RD&T The commit- this embraces RITA’sRD&T of Office u u u The Remote Sensing and SpatialInformationSensingandRemote The The virtual Climate Change Center, an online, Sponsoredby RITA and managed by TRB, the TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 9 RITA sponsors general RITA and multimodal research on hydrogen and alternative fuels. Before Before joining RITA, Appel worked with A. T. Kearney, Admin- the to Assistant Special the as served previously He Inc., a global management consulting firm, heading up busi- up heading firm, consulting management global a Inc., ness improvement initiatives for clients in the private and public sectors, with a focus on transportation and structure. infra- Appel has more than 20 years of experience in in rail- the organizations supported has and transportation road, trucking, airline, and ocean shipping industriesgrowth strategy, in supply chain improvement, business postmerger other and partnerships, public–private integration, assignments. policy and Assistant as and Administration Aviation Federal the of istrator Appel Amtrak. at Management science Yield and Pricing computer for and Director economics in degree bachelor’s a of earned master a and University Brandeis from honors highest with Institute Massachusetts from transportation in degree science Technology. of The development of the U.S. transportation work- transportation U.S. the of development The development the began recently office RD&T The sities trained 32,000 practicing transportation pro- transportation 32,000 practicing sities trained 2009. in fessionals UTC the and RITA, DOT, U.S. for priority a is force Admin- Deputy RITA by led initiative an In program. partner- is program UTC the Bertini, Robert istrator ing with internal and external stakeholders on a program development to workforce transportation address can future the of workforce the that ensure in changing trends technologies,evolving other emerging and environmentalissues, safety challenges, enterprise. transportation the Appel PEOPLE IN TRANSPORTATION Peter H. Appel, RITA Administrator Administrator RITA Appel, H. Peter —and through other forums that 2

onfirmed by the U.S. Senate as Administrator of the Research and of the Research Administrator

General and multimodal research is under way under is research multimodal and General u The UTCs focus on transportation issues aligned issues transportation on focus UTCs The decision makers, and other leaders to address a growing safety growing a address to leaders other and makers, Transportation decision Intelligent DOT U.S. the of bolstering the issue; which convened key transportation researchers, which advocates, convened key researchers, transportation and environ- efficiency, safety, to improve Program Systems transporta- of surface all modes across sustainability mental LaHood to advance key U.S. Department U.S. key advance to LaHood of Transportation (DOT) initiatives by include the Distracted Driving Summit, of the Council, U.S. DOT Safety and tion; the establishment administrators. modal 10 all convening

Innovative Innovative Technology Administration has H. Appel Peter 2009, in April (RITA) worked with Secretary Raymond H. cross- and research effective leveraging modal coordination. These initiatives C http://tris.trb.org/. to address multimodal issues through a university- through issues multimodal to address program. grant based 2 Education and Training Within the Office of the RD&T, Trans- University transporta- funds program (UTC) Centers portation tion at research 136 colleges and universities and provides the education and training advance needed the nation’s to transportation system. The research and education programs address critical developing while challenges transportation national professionals. transportation of generation next the partner- vital maintain and priorities DOT U.S. with ships with state, regional, and local transportation to chal- solutions to find help agencies, and transit are projects The communities. their affecting lenges and the peer-reviewed, results are shared with the the Transporta- through community transportation the on Services—housed Information Research tion TRB website on alternative fuels, and technical support is alter- support being and fuels, technical on and alternative hydrogen in leadership RITA’s for provided repre- RITA development. and research fuels native Group Working Interagency the on DOT U.S. sents the facilitating is which Cells, Fuel and Hydrogen on safe transport, and delivery, storage of alternative fuels. encourage collaboration. UTC colleges and univer- colleges UTC collaboration. encourage 10 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 training. a hands-on laboratory in “boneyard” that serves as maintains a plane crash Institute, Oklahoma City, The Transportation Safety shoulder seat belts. efficacy of lap and Tuscaloosa, to assess the Center for Alabama, University Transportation 3-year pilot project at the school buses, under a pupil seating patterns on Zachery White investigate student researcher Jay Lindly, professor, and assembled a cadre of instructors with robust, multi- are covered by sponsored project work. comes through a fee-for-service funding structure—all entire costs Its Congress. from appropriation direct no receives it that in organizations federal most from differs TSI modes. all across ronment protectionproperty,life,theportsof envi-the and sup- program The sessions. training management risk and material, safety,hazardous highway rier, ciplines,withtransit, aviation, pipeline, motorcar- public and private sectors across transportation dis- safety,security, environmentalthe andfortraining Located in Oklahoma City, TSI conducts worldwide Transportation SafetyInstitute and involvement. input,participation,invite to stakeholders to and of a strategic plan and has reached out across modes

Drawing on U.S. DOT and other sources, TSI has

A U , R U : P LABAMA OF NIVERSITY ELATIONS NIVERSITY HOTO sponsors for 400 projects. Strategic priorities include across transportation research and systems—with 75 employees—including many leading experts in fields 500 thanVolpesponsoredmore projectwork.has by covered are costs structure—allfee-for-service President by Obama and Secretary LaHood. established priorities the support to expertise and capabilities the has and oration ter of Innovation is modeled for cross-modal collab- Innovation,eachfocusedissues.key on Each Cen- of cross-modalCenterseight organizedinto is ter brating its 40th anniversary this year,Cele- world. changingthe rapidlyVolpe a of challengesCen- the portationissues andtodevelop solutions that meet vate sector to engage in research into pri- emergingthe andgovernment stakeholdersacrosstrans- with tems Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts, partners RITA’sVolpeTransportationNationalA. Sys- John Transportation SystemsCenter John A.Volpe National courses. trainingthetechnologytechniquestionalintoand TSI to address and to incorporate innovative educa- identify emerging workforce development needs for continue to work with transportation stakeholders to tificationcarriermotorsafety.coursefor RITA will approaches are offered, including a new Internet cer- site, and web-based training and other cost-effective hands-on activities for specialized training. ing large wreckage, accident scene layout, and other building for accident investigation exercises involv- age and parts, as well as a large, open-bay of laboratory variety a selected accident offers samples, including TSI aircraft wreck- crashes. rail and transit, conductskillsinvestigationsneededto aviation, of NationaltheTransportationas SafetytheBoard,in port and handling of hazardous materials. ment, and motor carrier personnel in the safe trans- Defense personnel, as well as 8,000 highway,Each enforce-year, TSI trains more than 1,000 Department of in 2009, class enrollments totaled more than 35,000. tion safety professionals since its inception in 1971; nario of a city bus hijacked by terrorists. sce-simulated apresents classanother and fields, aircraftcrash investigation classes use staged debris example, For experience. training real-world on, gencies and other critical incidents through a hands- facilities prepare safety professionals to handle emer- courses and seminars presented at the state-of-the-artdisciplinary expertise. The more than 700 innovative Like TSI, the Volpethroughfundeda theTSI, isCenter Like More than 85 percent of TSI courses are held off- TSIalso trains officials from safety entities, such transporta-750,000 than moretrained has TSI TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 11 A laboratory simulator is used to conduct research on locomotive cab technology integration at Center. the Volpe Center Director Volpe Robert C. Johns conducts a meeting of the TRB Activities Technical Council, which he chairs. Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Technology Innovative and Research Institute, Safety Transportation Centers, Transportation University National Transportation Library, Library, Transportation National Office, Technology and Development Research, www.rita.dot.gov/ www.tsi.dot.gov www.utc.dot.gov www.ntl.bts.gov www.rita.dot.gov/ordt u u u u u pared pared to build on the successes. Johns Center’s is devel- to a on committed workforce new emphasis ties strengthen to continue will and Volpe at opment to TRB and to by the UTC exploring communities opportunities. partnership Moving Forward These six components of RITA—some the in that emerged have have that others decades, for existed coordina- in work to positioned years—are few past tion with each other and with across stakeholders U.S. DOT and the transportation community to address emerging in challenges.and The difficult, nation’s trans- increasingly are challenges portation changing rapidly and resources constrained of with era an collaborating to forward looks RITA technology, inte- most and best the make to community TRB the to data, and con- education use grated of research, challenges. these front Selected RITA Websites RITA Selected National Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Architecture, Timing and Navigation, Positioning, National John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Center, Systems Transportation National Volpe A. John Climate Change Center, www.climate.dot.gov Center, Change Climate www.its.dot.gov Systems, Transportation Intelligent 2010–2014, Plan, Research Strategic ITS Bureau of Transportation Statistics, www.bts.gov Statistics, Transportation of Bureau Twitter, on Statistics Transportation of Bureau twitter.com/TransportStats www.its.dot.gov/strat_plan/strategic_plan2010_2014/ http://pnt.rita.dot.gov/major_initiatives/national_pnt_ www.volpe.dot.gov architecture.html Volpe has established itself as a Center of Excel- of a Center as itself established has Volpe in The critical strengthening has system proved DOT U.S. with collaborating is Center Volpe The Volpe’s newly appointed Director, Robert C. u u u u u u u high-speed rail, distracted driving, and next-genera- and driving, distracted rail, high-speed systems. control traffic air tion lence in it community; the recently transportation recognizing Award, Laboratory Regional the received activi- transfer technology regional and national its Government in American Innovations the and ties; for the of Award in development the Safety Maritime Created (MSSIS). System Information Security and web-based a is MSSIS Navy, U.S. the with partnership mar- of view real-time near a provides that platform surveil- enhancing worldwide, itime activity vessel lance and management surveillance. flyover and and inspections shipboard eliminating costly human traffick- piracy, the sea global safety—reducing on “wiki a Called smuggling. contraband and ing, of level unparalleled an fosters program the waves,” cooperation among participating nations, safety and which environmental enforce to partnered have port reduce to and spills, oil prevent to regulations, collisions. and congestion leadership on two priorities—environmental Cen- sus- Volpe The communities. livable and tainability ter is inter- supportingimprove to and transit and U.S. housing affordable DOT efforts to provide agency collaboration on these issues, building on on organizations planning work with metropolitan jobs, transportation, including issues, quality-of-life efforts DOT U.S. supports work The education. and sustain- environmental and livability that ensure to making. decision transportation to integral are ability leading experience of years 20 than more has Johns, played has and organizations research the of transportation chair as currently TRB, within role leadership a TRB Activities Council—he is Technical well pre- 12 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 on aproject. farm” onI-80awaituse sections atUtah’s “bridge Washington,D.C. Administration, Highway Federal LIFE, Leader,for Highways Teamis author The Prefabricated bridge Vanguard Technologies on the Move Delivering Innovations into the Mainstream of Practice M improve the American driving experience. Act:LegacyA forUsers, Highways forLIFE aims to Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportationmunity. EquityCreated by the U.S. Congress under the Safe,ate the adoption of innovations in the highway com- highway infrastructure—FHWA’s program toInnovative, acceler- and Fast construction of EfficientHighways forLIFE—whichand standssafe forLong-lasting, when planning and building projects. innovations these consider to agencies portation Administrationway (FHWA) encouragingis trans- Vanguard Technologies initiative, the Federal High- Vanguard technologies are a key componentof keyVanguard a technologiesare construction projects. Through its Through projects. construction decreasecongestion during highway quality,and and safety boost time, n poe invtos a save can innovations proven any D R O L . N N O R Y B involvement. stakeholder community highway and assistance, technical training, tools, communication employs approach The marketplace. the into development industry move promising prototypes from late-stage private helps also program The bridges. and ways customer- and focused innovations performance goals in building better high- adopt to agencies tation requires a focused approach. Moving these innovations rapidly to full implemen- departurecrashes.roadwayprevent to edge safety niquesfor making work zones work better, and the tech-precastconcretesystems,systems,pavement road safety audits, prefabricated bridge elements and VanguardtheTechnologiesthrough vations effort:

Highways for LIFE offers incentives to highway The program is promoting five high-payoff inno-

DOT U : P TAH HOTO TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 13 A road safety audit team of experts from various disciplines studies safety issues at a busy suburban intersection in Northern Virginia.

PHOTO: FHWA The 2 and other The publication includes sample includes publication The 1 In addition, FHWA teamed with the National For a free Technology Transfer Toolkit DVD that contains DVD Toolkit Transfer Technology For a free www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov. FHWA-NHI-134073, marketing plans and guidance for innova- plans and forming guidance marketing teams. deployment tion Creep: Not Leap course, a create to Institute Highway Accelerating Innovation Implementation. related initiatives. related information, contact the Highways for LIFE office at 202- information, contact the Highways for LIFE office 366-0131. Guide to Creating an Effective Marketing Plan an Effective the Guide to Creating 2 An An example of the success of the Tech- Vanguard to a tool audit, safety road the is approach nologies construction, design, roadway of safety the improve and operation and mul- to reduce highway independent, deaths an and audit, safety road a In injuries. performance safety the examines team tidisciplinary to intersection or roadway planned or existing an of identify safety issues. The audit can help produce of severity and number the reduce may that designs 1 Road Safety Audits course course provides transportation professionals with to and quickly work to innovations put to tools the standard of the agency’s part implementation make imple- successful addresses course The procedures. strategies and plan, implementation the mentation, adoption. to barriers overcoming for

PHOTO: FHWA technol- ® Guide to Creating an Effective Marketing Effective an Creating to Guide , a step-by-step manual for agencies and organi- and agencies for manual step-by-step a , Barriers Barriers to innovation in the highway commu- eliminates initiative Technologies The Vanguard A marketing plan details specific, measurable private industry but has not been adopted universally adopted been not has but industry private in the public sector—few highway agencies have Rapid Deployment In the could take years to past, an gain innovation national even acceptance, with tens of millions of dollars dedicated to its deployment. For example, effort to FHWA’s implement Superpave An aging bridge in Old Town, Maine, was replaced Maine, was Town, An aging bridge in Old saving months from the with three precast spans, cast-in-place concrete schedule required for construction. zations zations deploying innovation and other highway- Plan marketing expertise on staff. To help agencies ogy—which tailors the mix recipes for hot-mixasphalt to an climate and area’s pavement-loading states. 50 all for years 12 characteristics—took nity include procurement practices—such as the low-bid process, restrictions on proprietary prod- specifications and standards on a reliance and ucts, instead of performance goals. Moreover, agencies have a that and face scrutiny public accountability innovations Although risk-taking. for tolerance low the over money save and performance improve can may costs be implementation long the term, initial higher because of the curve learning and the risks involved. mar- proven teams, dedicated through barriers these quick for funding designated and approaches, keting mar- and technical of team A deployment. broad and obsta- and needs critical the identifies experts keting plan, marketing a develops innovation, each for cles communica- and tactics implementation creates and to poten- presentations make teams The tools. tion tial users at technical meetings, workshops, peer The teams projects. and demonstration exchanges, highway the throughout organizations with partner technologies. the champion to community and strategies tactics to help the team deployment in practice standard a is Marketing goals. its achieve become more marketing-savvy, Highways for Highways LIFE become more marketing-savvy, a developed 14 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 jacks. sideways ontotemporarypiers after beingliftedbyhydraulic In anOregonproject,oldbridge superstructurewasmoved undergodevelopedalsotraining.a teamaudit The how to conduct audits auditsthisyear. Theplanpromotes workshopa on Strategic Highway Safety Plans document road safety safetyaudit deployment teamaims haveto all state the project or roadway and to track the results. step is to incorporate the findings as appropriate into reportsuggestinga safetyimprovements. finalThe safely.Theteamanalyzes thefindings andprepares street the cross can pedestrians that so stops bus the installation of roadway barriers to the location of looks at everything from traffic signal operation and makesure allsafety issues areaddressed. Theteam performsfield studies, often following checklists to and enforcement. design,construction,maintenance, factors,human trafficengineering, planning, operations, geometric safety,highway of fields the includingdisciplines, have three to five members, representing a variety of studytheproject area.or Theaudit teams typically objective and comprehensive. issues only.safety In the this at way, look the implementation—to safety or review design can be more project’sthe in involvement no with plines—and disci- diverse from people engaging by agencies, highway processesofreview safety usual the than problems. eliminatingpotentialsafety by costs cut andtices, prac- design safety ofawareness promotecrashes, 4 3 E-mail [email protected]. FHWA-NHI-380069, www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov. The marketing plan developed by the FHWA road Theauditteamreviews project information and to team a assemblesfirst auditsafety road The effective more proved have audits safety Road 3

and has targeted 34 states to

DOT O : P REGON HOTO bridge (left)wasbuiltnexttothestructure ontemporarysupports. The oldsteeltrussbridge(right ) restsontemporarypiers.Thenew tance on conducting audits. providetechnicalassis- programtoexchange peer showcases combine workshops and construction site a standard practice this year. Product demonstration maketoprefabricated bridge elements andsystems struction costs. workzonesafety, greater durability, andlower con- improved traffic, of disruption decreased are efits the construction site for installation. Among the ben-movedworkzoneandtheto awayfromnextto or manufactured are elements bridge Prefabricated ingredient in accelerated bridge construction (ABC). andsystems, Vanguarda Technology thatmainais Many states are trying prefabricated bridge elements and Systems Prefabricated BridgeElements more than $3.6 million in potential economic avoidingtotal,losses. 2003 the percentfrom 60dropped 2004 in road the fatalitiesresult,on a As mented. suggestionsnine improveto safety;were allimple- CarolinaSouthyieldedHighwayof14auditsafety A use. in roadson anddevelopment stagethe ing example, conducts road safety audits on projectsCarolina Departmentdur-Transportationof (DOT),for South The decrease.injuries and crashes mented, are conducted and team recommendations are imple- safety audits as a proven safety countermeasure. road endorses now guidance policy FHWA dure. proce-standard a audits the Virginia—havemade Nevada, New Jersey, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Severalstates—including Arizona,Delaware, Iowa, stateshave full-time road safety audit coordinators. The deployment team has set a goal for all states Follow-up research shows that after safety audits Three states. 38 in held been Workshopshave

DOT O : P REGON HOTO TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 15

PHOTO: FHWA Ribboncutting for Virginia for Ribboncutting project; US-15/29 DOT’s and prefabrication construction accelerated enabled techniques the complete to workers three over project bridge the of instead weekends for needed days 100 construction traditional methods. Precast concrete pavement systems speed work and cut congestion during renewal and repair projects in high- areas. traffic In high-traffic areas, the construction process for process construction the areas, high-traffic In

Precast Concrete Concrete Precast Pavement Systems Precast concrete pavement systems, another Van- guard Technology, are revolutionizing when installed and off-site Cast highway repair. and pan- renewal pavement concrete precast low, is volume traffic durability. increase and congestion traffic reduce els that than efficient more and safer is systems precast for traditional peri- cast-in-place construction, because off-peak during completed be can roadwork the road for need the reducing hours, 5 as little as in ods and durability The offer improved panels closures. controlled environmentally under fabricated be can In conditions. because the addition, panels can be made thinner than sections, they cast-in-place are with limited overpasses under for installation ideal clearances. height : FHWA : P HOTO On a Virginia DOT project, a prefabricated super- prefabricated a project, DOT Virginia a On More than a dozen states have used prefabricated used have states dozen a than More In another Highways for LIFE project, Maine reduced also techniques construction Innovative 38 Oregon on bridges five replaced DOT Oregon project in six days of full closure; conventional con- conventional closure; full of days six in project 100 days. All would have traffic required struction lanes remained open during peak traffic periods, lane. temporary a of construction without ing disruptions ing to disruptions the traveling public and freight carriers. on US-15/29 a bridge to replace used was structure near County in of area William a Prince congested were elements prefabricated The D.C. Washington, three over on-site assembled and off-site the constructed finish to able were workers result, a As weekends. into place overnight on a rail system. The technique The system. rail a on overnight place into minimiz- detour, for a the need 50-mile eliminated visits to show highway professionals how the tech- the how professionals highway to show visits nology works. Enabling potential users to witness effective an is firsthand techniques construction new innovations— of implementation the advance to way of a understanding better provides the opportunity the uses and and in benefits builds confidence the innovation. others and projects, on systems and elements bridge are considering the Texas, Oregon, technology. York, New Louisiana, Iowa, Seven Florida, states— practice. standard a as ABC adopted Utah—have and several to incentives provided has LIFE for Highways prefabricated and ABC use to agencies highway state proj- One projects. on systems and elements bridge Lake Salt in 215 Interstate over bridge a replaced ect 17). page sidebar, (see weekend a in Utah, City, DOT and used full prefabrication road to closures accelerate construction and reduce the effects on in 116 Highway on bridges two replacing in drivers pre- precast, The Addison. in 4 Route and Town Old stressed concrete substructure and superstructure environment, controlled a in off-site built elements, the With bridges. the of durability the enhanced also during completed was work the schedule, shortened buses. school for detours long avoiding summer, the bridges rural single-span two for time reconstruction Mary- on and County Frederick in 28 Maryland on land 450 closures, in With Anne road prefabri- Arundel County. full and superstructures concrete cated short- Administration Highway State the Maryland year 1 than more from completion project the ened to 60 days, so that the bridges reopened to traffic year. school the of start the before between Drain and Elkton, usingcon- made with high-performance elements bridge prefabricatedtemporary on bridges new the built agency The them crete. slid and structures existing the to next supports 16 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 approximately 30years. have aservicelifeof pavement systemcould precast concrete project showedthata A CaliforniaDOTtest and videoconferences on the technology. showcases are available, along with web conferences tems as a standard approach by 2013. Demonstrationprecastofconcreteuse adoptthe pavementto sys- installation and for transferring loadfor acrossfeatures panels. design unique has system Each tem. Ontario, near California, 15 a portion Interstate of on the project concrete bilitation pavement will be states to try out the technology. On a pavement reha- concrete pavement systems. Virginia—haveprecastuseplanningare toorused and Texas, Pennsylvania, York, New Jersey, New nine states—California, Delaware, Florida, Missouri, 6 5 include the Fort Miller Super-Slab productstechnologies;pavement concreteprecast jointed refine to independently worked have nies concrete construction. cast-in-placein useddecades-oldtechnique a ing, FHWA of result research the to strengthen concrete panels by is prestress- system nonproprietary The available. are systems proprietary and etary sioning or cast-in-load transfer postten- systems. either Nonpropri-through site on together tied and systems, adjacent panels are assembled sequentially DVDs and through the Highways for LIFE website. disseminated being is also information ference at www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov/about/innovationseries.aspx. tek Stitch-in-Time Download the precast concrete pavement systems web con - www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl. Thedeployment team’s goal is for adozen states Highways for LIFE grants are assisting several assisting are grants LIFE for Highways Parallel to FHWA’s efforts, several private compa- In the construction of precast concrete pavement ® system, and the Kwik Slab ® system, the Ure- 5 Technical 6 To date, ® sys- Zone Safety and Mobility Rule. The rule applies to allply with the regulations and the goals of FHWA’s Work construction workers and motorists. on zones work of effects negative the decrease to and apply a suite of product and system innovations managementimprovezones,zoneprograms,work work of impacts potential the of understanding nologiesare helping highway agencies gain abetter better,Vanguardwork zonesTech- workTo make Making Work ZonesWork Better route near Washington, D.C. available for rush-hour traffic on the heavily traveled time during 35 nights of work, so that all lanes were approachrequired theclosing onlyofonelanea at congestionclosures,fromlaneprecasttheslab but trafficwithdays, 100 leastrequired havewouldat concrete cast-in-place with repair Conventional accessInterstateforrampFairfaxan in County. 66 ment slabs with precast concrete pavementpave- distressed replacing panels by durabilityon enhanced approximately 10 years. comparison, fast-setting concrete would have lasted precast slabs will have a 30- to 40-year service life;the inthatanticipates agencyroadway.highway The longer-lasting,producea struction,andlower-cost safety,motoristsduringcon-impactonreduce the struction, enhance traveler and construction worker technique will enable California DOT to speed con- This periods. traffic off-peak during installed and replaced with a concrete panel system precast off-site The work zone effort also is helping agencies com- igna O aclrtd osrcin and construction accelerated DOT Virginia

(continuedonpage 18)

. I C D : P NC ONSULTING YNATEST HOTO TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 17 The project also garnered approval from Utah DOT cus- The transportation professionals also attended presentations attended also professionals transportation The surround- of the many for it possible made workshop “The main- ABC make to efforts pursued has DOT Utah then, Since To learn more about Utah DOT’s ABC standards, visit ABC techniques reduced the impact of construction congestion, construction of impact the reduced techniques ABC saving $4 approximately million in user costs. the Moreover, as declining are ABC for costs initial the that noted has agency become more and with contractors efficient the comfortable techniques. innovative area of percent 92 that found survey postconstruction A the with tomers. satisfied very or satisfied were businesses and residents by project performance Utah DOT and and its 94 results. contractor, project the with satisfied very or satisfied were percent On the weekend of the bridge move, Utah DOT and FHWA held Paying It Forward FHWA and DOT Utah move, bridge the of weekend the On professionals transportation 150 drew that showcase a project from around the country. They joined local national media residents at the and construction site to watch the SPMT remove the and old shift bridge superstructure the new one place. into proj- the of aspects innovative and construction, design, the on to back brought agencies highway 14 from Representatives ect. along techniques, SPMT and ABC the of knowledge states their project. the of observations with first- project the see to employees DOT Utah many and states ing hand,” said Rukhsana created Lindsey, Utah DOT confidence Director and of Bridge interest “The Research. and Operations con- DOT Utah helped workshop and project successful this by 2008.” in projects ABC more 12 struct design- and contractors with workshops by conducting stream projects additional ers planning on and ABC elements, practices,ABC for working on specifications standard drawings and techniques. ABC with www.dot.state.ut.us/main/f?p=100:pg:0::::T,V:1991. Crews used an SPMT to move the 4500 South Bridge superstructure from the construction site to its to site construction the from superstructure Bridge South 4500 the move to SPMT an used Crews final location over Interstate 215. 215. Interstate over location final Installing a Bridge Superstructure on a Weekend on Superstructure a Bridge Installing

Quantifying the value of using inno- using of value the Quantifying

With the help of a demonstration project grant from FHWA’s from grant project demonstration a of help the With the removed DOT Utah plan, coordinated carefully a Under Utah projects, other and this on techniques ABC using After

Innovation on the I-215 bridge proj- bridge I-215 the on Innovation n June 2006, Utah DOT staff observed a Florida project in which a prebuilt bridge was moved into place overnight vation is vation a key of for aspect Highways less mately $800,000 than the acceler- 2007 2007 project would have taken six to nine and months, construction-related lasted have would travelers on impacts at least 120 days. The ABC techniques week- one to impact traffic the reduced end on I-215 and to 10 days on State bridge. the includes which 266, Route LIFE projects. The net approximately savings onwere the project bridge Utah methods would have cost approxi- ated techniques, but construction the With conventional techniques, the $3.2 million. Traditional construction with innovative equipment, saving motorists months of traf- recom- and impressed were members staff The disruption. fic DOT try the technique. mended that Utah for Highways LIFE the program, agency adopted the acceler- prefabri- techniques—including (ABC) construction bridge ated cated Interstate over bridge Bridge South 4500 the alongside elements superstructure flow. andto continued traffic while City systems—toLake Salt in 215 build place a into superstructure new new the shifted and superstructure old com- a accom- was move rapid The (SPMT), 2007. in October in weekend one transporter modular self-propelled a with plished puter-controlled vehicle operated and wheels that articulating 256 with Equipped transfers precision. SPMT the control, heavy joystick a using loads operator single a with by remotely Sat- on superstructure four-span the remove to trips two made reopened I-215 destination. The the next SPMT day, final moved the urday. new 172-foot-long its to superstructure single-span Monday. on a.m. 1 at traffic to proj- bridge all for practice standard ABC make to decided DOT ects by 2010, the first U.S. highway agency to take this step. the available exemplifies changes that for experience Highways Utah’s readily high-payoff, bring effect—to to working is LIFE agen- at highway of practice mainstream the into innovations country. the across cies

Faster Construction through goes path critical the projects, urban our of many “For of Director DOT Utah McMinimee, James notes structures,” the to “If we Development. Project can takes the shorten time it it takes time to the cut dramatically can we structures, the build project.” urban entire an complete ect significantly sped up construction and reduced the impact on motorists. I 18 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 out the project. Michigan DOT identified 11 projects traveltimedelaysless minutesthanat 10 through- thevehicle queue lengths under half a mile and the trol.Thesignal systems helped thecontractor keep work zone planning and management. application and use of a range of analytical tools for Simulation:AGuide for Decision Makers development.in sis—are resources—for example, for work zone traffic analy- and workers. motorists for safety zone work improve and flow traffic enhance to technologies new use to states many enabled have assistance assessment project and workshops assistance technical focused tion, the Workthe Rule. Mobility and Safety Zone implementing on advice as well as technologies, expert obtain and strategies zone work innovative on can assistance agencies program, exchange for assessing a work zone’s impacts. Through a tools peer analysis including management, zone work for strategies innovative use that states of number in the work zones. ing the safety and mobility of travelers and workers and workers are exposed to work zones, and enhanc- ber of work zones, managing the time that travelers local businesses, and workers by reducing the num- impact of work zones the on decreasing motorists, on nearby focused residents,philosophy a presents zones and of workers to traffic. time and eliminate the exposureconstruction reduce of to motorists maintenance or to work completion. bilitation project up reha-duringclosureroad full Approachesinclude speed that processes time road conditions to innovations in construction real- of drivers notifies that equipment electronic sophisticated from ranging zones, work in lenges ucts are available to address safety and mobility chal- and congestion in and around work zones. highwayfundingintendedisreduceand tocrashes localstategovernmentsand receivethatfederal-aid to use the innovative signal system in 2009. waiting of number vehicles and the adjust the detect lights for efficient that traffic systems con- nal mize motorist delay, the contractor used portableTolane.mini-one requiredto road narrowingsig-the which bridges, small two of superstructures the projectroutereplacedstandardruralpractice.The a innovationas zone work theadopted after soon traffic-actuatedtemporaryand signalstested DOT rehabilitate part of M-115 in Clare County, Michigan aul, udne ouet, n other and documents, guidance Manuals, The deployment team’s goal is to increase the increase to is goal team’s deployment The More than a compilation of techniques, the effort Morethan100innovative techniques andprod- In 2008, under a Highways for LIFE projectto LIFE forHighways a under2008, In Work Zone Modeling and ModelingWork Zone 8 reviewsthe 7 In addi- In FHWA’ssafety edge team is developing amarketing Indiana,Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, and Utah. applied the safety edge, including Alabama, Georgia, and potentially prolonging pavement life. ment near the edge, enhancing pavement durability safetyedge improves the consolidation of the pave- and has little impact on project costs. In addition,dure, the only a slight change in the paving equipment, the taper is 30 to 35 degrees from horizontal. vide a safer roadway edge. The recommendedmalangle angletominimize theof vertical drop-off and pro- pavement and the graded shoulder will be at an opti- edgeassures that theinterface between theroadway ing traffic, roll over, or hit a fixed object. can lose control of the vehicle and crash driverintooversteering. Thecause oncom- may thatcondition scrubbing,tirea as known is whatcause can edge tries to steer back on to the road, the nearly vertical heightdifferencemore. orin.driverWhenthe 2 is vertical—especiallythenearly ifis edgepavement the if roadway the reentering difficulty have can where roadway departure crashes are most prevalent.narrowtwo-laneshoulders,unpavedroadsorwith ommendsthatstatesapplysafetyruralthe edgeon gainingmomentumacrosscountry. the FHWArec- technique,ispavingasphalt an edge,safety the of turecrashes, 53 percent of which are fatal. Adoption protectdesignedmotoriststo roadwayfrom depar- Vanguardlatestthe Technology, is edge safety The An EdgeonSafety 8 7 pavement safely. over thisedgecouldhavedifficulty returningtothe exposed. Acarormotorcycletire thathasdriven with thepavementhasleft vertical edge tire wear, anaggregateshoulderoriginallyflush After severalyearsofmaterials settling, erosion,and index.htm; PublicationFHWA-HOP-08-029. http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/traffic_analysis/tatv8_wz/ E-mail [email protected].

Approximately 15 state highway agencies have agencieshighway state Approximately15 Thesafety edge does not require an extra proce- Created with a simple paver attachment, the safety pavedsurface,driverthea offtiregoes a When

: FHWA : P HOTO TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 19 An extruded wedge will An extruded pavement increase the the project is life. When the safety complete, edge will be covered with an aggregate After several shoulder. years, when the edge becomes exposed, a it vehicle tire going over will have no trouble safely returning to the pavement.

PHOTO: FHWA In many In With its institutional knowledge and knowledge exten- its With institutional stakeholders highway community Involving u u Through Through the focused deployment approach of visit Technologies, Vanguard on information more For sive sive network of in contacts the highway commu- in role leadership a can play national FHWA nity, deployment. and advancement technology is process implementation innovation the in early important at both the national and mak- in local essential levels. are support and input Stakeholder ing implementation a success. Early involvement helps overcome resistance to new techniques and and insights offer to stakeholders enabling practices, effectively. innovations the using for up gear to cases, Technologies highway community Vanguard stakeholdersas such become initiatives in involved is because FHWA leading the and effort brokering the participation of other transportation agencies industry. and Vanguard Technologies, Highways for LIFE has developed a way to that encourage faster, more innovations wide- highway proven of adoption spread are available but infrequently used. The lessons learned will to benefit efforts highway community tap the full potential of innovations in improving built. are bridges and highways that way the www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl. website, LIFE for Highways the Highway professionals trust what their experi- peers colleagues’ tell from much learn can They from them. benefit can and technologies new using in ences in innovation implement to how on advice technical agencies. own their The use of proven market- proven of use The Sometimes efforts to expand Peer group support and testimonials are valu- are testimonials and support group Peer Training is needed in marketing to accelerate to marketing in needed is Training Although hundreds of millions of dollars are dollars of millions of hundreds Although u u u timelines can speed the implementation of innova- the can implementation speed timelines tion. technology deployment. deployment. technology ing approaches is ing approaches a key to technology accelerating deployment, but few agencies transportation have effec- as Just staffs. their on professionals marketing to customers potential persuade can marketing tive high- encourage can it products, consumer new try to try way ways better to professionals build roads and goals specific with plans Marketing bridges. and Lessons Learned sev- generated has effort Technologies Vanguard The deployment: innovation for lessons eral plan to encourage more states to states plan more to try encourage the technique and to for adopt it resurfacing practice as standard projects. paving and able tools in advancing innovation implementation. innovation advancing in tools able spent on highway research, only a fraction is dedi- is fraction a only research, highway on spent and cated to making them innovations deploying standard practice. innovation stop at the research level assumption under that the the people innovations will be resources—qualified adopted Adequate automatically. research— for funding the to addition in funding and deployment. technology to dedicated be should also intro- the with end not does deployment Successful fol- focused but requires of the technology duction low-through until mainstream implementation is achieved. 20 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 Bear Lakeisone ofthemostvisitedsitesatRocky MountainNationalPark. Committee. Lands Public and Parks National Transportationof Needs the of member a is and Environmentand Group Planning TRB the chairs She Station. College TexasUniversity,A&M TransportationInstitute, Director,Associate Texas Executive is author The Addressing Mobility Needs in National Parks Transportation to Enhance M operate innovative approaches to address traffic and explore,implement,and tocontinuegroups other DOTs, transit agencies, state foundations, communities, businesses, local and (DOT), Transportation landmanagement agencies, the U.S. Department of other federal lands represents an ongoing challenge. to visitors national of parks, wildlife needs refuges, transportation wilderness the areas, andMeeting America’s Best Idea The National Park Service (NPS), other federalother(NPS), Service ParkNational The at least one of America’sideas. ofbest one least at idea”—or“America’sarebest parks directorKenBurns that thenational ost visitors would agree with film with agree would visitors ost

L L U B N R U T . F E N I R E H T A K

S P N : P ERVICE ARK ATIONAL HOTO was initiated in 2005, running a 12-passengervan arunning 2005, initiated in was ExpressBicycle The 2004. inPeninsula, Schoodic the servingroute,eighth introduced an and 2000, in route seventh a added system the demand, lar withdestinations theinpark. responseIn popu-to operated on six routes, linking hotels and businesses serving park visitors and area residents. systems transit well-used and well-received most the of one represents Explorer Island the charge, of free operated and 1999 in Initiated 2009. July Acadia in system National transit Park in Maine surpassed Explorer 3 million riders Island in The Three MillionRiders yet other areas. wildliferefuges. Planning studies are under way for and areas,wilderness parks, other at added being are services New flourish. to continue 1990s the the general public. managed parks, refuges, or recreationalor ownedfederallyareas near or openinprojects capitalto and Parksprogram. ATTPL provides funds for planning (ATPPL)program, also known asthe Transit inthe Lands Public and Parks in Transportation native Alter-includedUserstheLegacyfor Transportation A EquityAct: Efficient Flexible, Accountable, gatewaycommunities.federallands,andSafe, The transportationfundingfornationalotherparks, in and partnerships, programs, initiated have ments presidentialacts, directives, interagencyand agree- facilities; and introduced other enhancements. parkingimprovedroadwaysandparks; the within advanced technologies for managing transportation and additional bicycle and pedestrian trails; applied services transit newestablished have decades two dents. Efforts at the federal and local levels andmeettothemobility in needs visitorsofthe andresi- past parking congestion in parks and other federal lands, In the first year of the service, eight propane buses Transitinnationalsystemsestablishedparksin At the federal level, recent surface transportation TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 21 The Friends of Acadia, a nonprofit charitable Acadia National Park and its partners in the The planning process involved representatives in up started system bus shuttle voluntary free A Mount Mount Desert Island League of Friends of Towns, businesses, local Transportation, Downeast Acadia, and (FHWA), Administration Highway the Federal the Federal Transit Administration. L. became the single corporate sponsor of L. the Island Bean in commitment its reaffirmed and 2002 in Explorer $2 reached have contributions company’s The 2005. million. organization, has played an instrumental role, fund- role, instrumental an played has organization, ing a shuttle on service free an campground initial bus route, which and proved successful led to the also group The Explorer. Island the of development coordinated the contribution from L. L. Bean. In 2004, the Friends of Acadia bought a three-year in 369 at Creek acres to option Crippens purchase for Trenton the Acadia Gateway The Center. park and federal and state agencies cannot undertake activities. of types these Island Explorer continue improvements and to opportunities to considerenhance the Cen- service Gateway The Acadia of the system. operation will improvement—it a future major ter represents infor- transportation Park National Acadia the house mation center and will function as an intermodal project, this on lead the taken has DOT Maine hub. Friends park, the Trenton, of City the with working Transportation. Downeast and Acadia, of Going-to-the-Sun Road Rehabilitation Going-to-the-Sun Road traverses Glacier National Conti- the crossing Montana, northwestern in Park auto- by road the traveling 1932, Since Divide. nental been has buses red historic restored the by or mobile rehabilitation the for Planning visitors. for highlight a of the 52-mile historic alpine road began in 1990s. the from from Glacier National Park, Montana DOT, and FHWA. A citizens advisory of communities, local the that perspectives committee ensured actively businesses, tribal governments, and other groups would a be identified Planners goal considered. of Going-to-the on traffic vehicle 10-year summer the to 8- reducing the during percent 12 to 10 by recommended Road was Sun system bus shuttle A rehabilitation. reconstruction. the during traffic reduce help to a historic on a bus service narrow Operating 2007. presented rehabilitation undergoing roadway alpine two operating included Solutions challenges. many sizes of buses and establishing separate routes to Road. Sun of side west the and side east the serve

PHOTO: NATIONAL PARK SERVICE/RAY RADIGAN PHOTO: FRIENDS OF ACADIA The The free bus the service coordinated represents Over the years, the Island Explorer has extended has Explorer Island the years, the Over The Island Explorer carried approximately The Island Explorer has tracked rider perspec- high marks. high efforts of Acadia National Park, Maine DOT, the Island Explorer picks up passengers in front of the with with a bicycle trailer between Bar Harbor Village Lake. Eagle and Green leaf-viewing for fall the into service summer-only its from operates the service On most routes, tourists. early morning into the evening, providing travel options for hikers and bikers, sightseers, diners, shoppers, and workers. Real-time information on the on and stops key at posted is buses of status the Internet. 142,000 the above well 2009, in passengers 368,000 in riders 4,240 passen- 1999. The averaged system high a with 2009, of summer the during day per gers of 6,640 In riders in the addition, one bicycle day. during bicycles 12,000 than more transports express summer. the tives through support on-board strong surveys, show conducted results from The 2008. through 2000 and high levels of satisfaction among riders. The majority of respondents indicate that the Island Explorer improves the quality of their visit to the Acadia local region; also residents give the service Bicyclists at Maine’s Acadia National Park can take can Park National Acadia Maine’s at Bicyclists bicycle a has which Express, Bicycle the of advantage Eagle to Green Village Harbor Bar from runs and trailer Lake. Visitor Center at Acadia National Park. Visitor 22 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010

PHOTO: KEN THOMAS (pictured) addedlater. and HikerShuttleroute the MoraineParkroute established in2001,with shuttle busroutewas services. TheBearLake expansion ofparkshuttle Colorado prompted and EstesParkin Mountain NationalPark roadways aroundRocky increasing congestionof In themid-1990s, 52-mile road. rehabilitation ofthe traffic duringthe assisted inreducing shuttle buseshave Logan Pass.Since2007, to-the-Sun Roadnear A shorttunnelonGoing- public transit service providers in the state generalotherduringCounty’sTransitFlathead Eagleand the the Sun Road Shuttle routes in the summer and serve senger and eight 23-passenger buses. The buses ply covers the purchase and shared use of the 22 12-pas-County,FlatheadDOT,whichand Montana Park, tiveinteragency agreement among Glacier National the-Sun Road. The shuttle has reduced traffic volumes on Going-to- Reactions from the riders and 105,640 visitors have to been positive.following slightly summer, but declined in 2009 increased levels to 156,726. ership tle buses in 2007, the first summer of operation. Rid- kiosks, restrooms, and drinking water. interactive area, waiting covered a parking, offers the park, is designed to be environment-friendly and pointfor the shuttle bus system on the west side of TransitApgarThePass. Logan Center,to focal the 12-passenger Sprinter buses operating on the routes routesserve Four the west side of the park,Pass. with smaller, Logan to Center Visitor Mary St. the sengers, operates on the east side of Sun Road, from remainder of the year. The shuttle system involves a unique coopera-unique a involvessystem shuttle The Approximately 132,100 passengers rode the shut- pas-capacity23buses,fleetawitheach ofof A both shuttles has been positive. about visitors from feedback Nonetheless, routes. some of restructuring the of because apparently 32,900.slightA decline inriders occurred in2009, approximatelyShopperwasShuttle2008routes in leaving their cars outside the park. Ridership on the the Hiker Shuttle indicate that more visitors may be Ridership2009.increases361,250in on and 2008 in 337,540 approximately was routes park three and in town has been positive. Total ridership for the operated, linking major destinations in the town. awayaccommodatingbus 2009,Inthree25. routes buseswith seating capacities of 14 and one new cut- cutaway service—twonew theoperate tovehicles leasedexpandedthreetownservicethehours, and itsfleet ofvehicles with the town. In2009, the park the and Center Visitors park-and-ride. Park Estes the nects and-ride and Fern Lake, and the Hiker Shuttle con- park- thebetween runsShuttle ParkMoraine The Lake.Bearshuttletothe take whereride,canthey park-and- the to directedare visitors full, is Lake itedparts of the park. When the parking lot at Bear and-ride facility and Bear Lake, one of the most vis- downtown area. routesShopper2006,withShuttleservingtheina the park bus service, the Town of Estes Park initiatedShuttle route were added later. In coordination with in2001, and the Moraine Park route and the Hiker as problems during peak visitor times. tion and limited parking in Estes Park also emerged system.addressedTraffictheexpansion of conges- plan transportation the and plan master park the roadways ited shuttle park bus service had operated the since 1978, and on prompted consideration congestion of transit traffic alternatives. A lim- ing limitedparking atmany trailheads andthe increas- Statesand around the world. Inthe mid-1990s, the United the from as well as area,metropolitan ver community of Estesgateway the Park and draw visitorsPark National from Mountain the Den-Rocky Gateway totheRockies arebeing implemented atadditional parks andfed- Clark Projects sites. and other and Park, Historical Lewis National the Park, Historical National Colonialthe at as well as Parks,NationalCanyon operatein Zion, Yosemite, Golden Gate, and Grand Shuttlebuses and other transit services continue to and Studies Enhancements, Launches, Response to the shuttle bus system in the park the insystem busshuttle the Responseto Forthe first 3 years of operation, the park shared The Bear Lake shuttle operates between the park- The Bear Lake shuttle bus route was implemented TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 23 Several public work - Several public work shops—along with a website, newsletters, and surveys—aim to engage the public and key stakeholders in the alternative transportation study at the J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island, Florida. Traffic congestion and the lack of parking during parking of lack the and congestion Traffic is a pilot project As 2-year a of result the study, Refuge Wildlife National Darling “Ding” N. J. The to taken being are approaches innovative Several nature of land stewardship in the United States. United the in stewardship land of nature the peak summer and fall visitor seasons have been have seasons visitor fall and summer peak the explore To for of the problems Woodstock. Village the role that public transit service for could mobility enhance to playand concerns these to address residents and visitors, the park, the Rivers–Two Town the and Commission, Regional Ottauquechee and Village of Woodstock conducted a program. planning ATPPL the from funding with study starting up this summer, with an Tran- implementation Advance Service. Park National the from grant ser- bus pilot the operate will Vermont, Wilder, in buses sit electric using village, the to contract under vice District Transit Haven New Greater the from leased Connecticut. in Refuge J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife study transportation alternative An ATPPL-funded Refuge Wildlife National Darling “Ding” N. J. the for in Sanibel, Florida, is trans- examining alternative portation techniques and scenarios for the refuge The goal Islands. is and for to the Sanibel–Captiva balance human activities with the commitment to and The areas. natural the preserve protect refuge, U.S. the Fish Service, City and of Wildlife Sanibel, partnering are Transit County County–Lee Lee and project. the on refuges is one of visited the most Island on Sanibel acres 6,000 approximately featuring country, in the cord- beds, seagrass submerged forest, mangrove of grass along marshes, primarily and issue, West an Indian is hardwood congestion ham- Traffic mocks. desti- main the Drive, Wildlife one-way 4-mile, the visitors. for nation study, the in stakeholders key and public the engage a in example, study which was 2008—for initiated and workshops, online, mail- newsletters, website, The new facility represents a partnership among partnership a represents facility new The before system shuttle the to visitors introduce To Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park National Historical The Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller Park in Woodstock, Vermont, is one of Estab- the System. more Park National the to additions recent the 1998, in public the to opened and 1992 in lished Bryce Canyon National Park A free shuttle bus system has operated during the in Park National at Canyon Bryce months summer of points major serves system The 2001. since Utah park. the through roadway 18-mile the along interest accom- opened, area staging shuttle new a 2008, In modating shuttle operations and staff; the park- entrance and reservation personnel; and waiting parking. and restrooms, areas, Lewis Inn, Ruby’s Western Best City, Canyon Bryce Stages, Brothers and Bryce Canyon National Park. the Inn provided Ruby’s The and city Western Best construction. the funded and project the for land their trip, the Park Bryce a offers National website the from of tour the system a virtual e-tour, shuttle nat- major park’s the at stops to area staging shuttle by information obtain can also Visitors Infor- features. ural Travelers the via system shuttle the about radio park. the approach they as AM, 1610 Station, mation eral lands, and planning studies are under way at yet at way under are studies planning and lands, eral National Canyon Bryce the to Enhancements more. Park of shuttle bus a system, implementation new Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller the at service bus shuttle under study planning a and Park, Historical National pro- Refuge Wildlife Darling “Ding” N. J. the at way activities. these of examples vide The website of Bryce National Park in Utah offers a National Park in Utah offers The website of Bryce shuttle system virtual tour of the park’s (www.nps.gov/brca/photosmultimedia/etours.htm). Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park Historical National Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller evolving the on and history conservation on focuses 24 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 A at the 2010 TRB Annual Meeting’s National Park Transportationalternative Scholars transportation poster session. plan for the Mississippi NationalLorin River Culver and Recreation ( Area Pullout 1, circa 1935 ( road and improved in 1935 by the Bureau of Public Roads and nally constructed as a wagon road in 1912 by the Santa Fe Rail- lenge, because it involved an historic roadway. 2008 involved all three. But the project presented a specialCanyonNationalinGrandParkprojectmajorat roadways. A chal- additionalpedestrianimprovementsbicycletrails,andandin parks with a minimum of traffic and byparking transportation—the congestion. ability itorto experience. access Thepoints visitor ofexperience interest is influenced within in manythe ways TheHermit Road in Grand Canyon National Park was origi- Among the efforts mentioned by Turnbull are transit services, “America’s Best Idea”—are continually striving to improve vis- s noteds inKatherine Turnbull’s article, thenational parks— center ), National Park Foundation, discusses his paper on a multimodal left ) and in November 2008, postconstruction ( Rebirthofthe Historic Hermit Road H C R U H C P U N A H T A N O J right ). ingsannually—one most for heavilytheof used alternative Road trans- Hermit the on 9 months, with a operate total ridership that buses exceeds 2.3 million shuttle board- and year, pervisitorsmillion 4.5 receives park initiated. Todaythe was serviceshuttlebussummer,private vehiclestheduringa and congestion during peak season. In 1974, the trafficroad andwas parkingclosed significant experiencedto Road Hermit the early 1970s, the park was receiving nearly 2 million visitors, and one of the seven natural wonders of the world. ofbreathtakingviewswith areas parking overlooksand eral the South Rim of the Grand Canyon, the Hermit Roadthe Nationaloffers Park sev- Service. An 8-mile-long scenic roadway along

In1935, the park’s annual visitor count was 206,000; by the

, TRB , R C : P ISDON ABLE HOTO ite ebr cm fo te ainl Park National the from come members mittee tion agencies, academia, and consulting firms, committees and groups. statements,facilitatingand outreach com-otherto ing midyear meetings, developing research problem ities, sponsoring TRB annual meeting sessions, hold- engaging newis and committee diverse the stakeholders 2006, in in TRB activ-committee standing a Establishedas atask force in 1998 and approved as lands. federal other wildlife and areas, recreation refuges, parks, within and to transportation on the discussion of issues, opportunities, and research PublicLandsCommitteeprovides focalpointfor a TRB’sTransportation NeedsNationalfor Parksand Focusing onResearch sideration and for more detailed analysis. isdeveloping geographic andmode themes forcon- andtoobtain feedback onvarious topics. The study had been held on the project, to promote interaction zations.AugustofAs 2009, three public workshops were conducted with representatives from 26 organi- seasonalsurveys.andStakeholderback, interviews In addition to representatives from transporta-representativesfrom to addition In tn clet head- culvert stone and walls, masonry pullouts, weepholes in wallsat overlooks and suchas stone masonry features historic with design, text-sensitive many principles of con- of the roadway reflects the national parks. in systems portation Theoriginal design TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 25 , Transportation Research Board of the of Board Research Transportation , Including ). 2 . The committee The . ). ). NCHRP Project 1 ). ( right Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transporta- the of Journal Record: Research Transportation Road. In In Road. 2123 No. Board, Research tion 163–171. pp. 2009, D.C., Washington, Academies, National 1. Upchurch, J. Preserving a Historic National Park Roadway: The Hermit The Roadway: Park National Historic a Preserving 1. J. Upchurch, The author is a transportation engineering consultant and lives and consultant engineering transportation a is as author The served he 2008 to 2004 From Park. National mem- Canyon Grand emeritus in an is He Scholar. Transportation Park National a Committee. Devices Control Traffic TRB the of ber Reference early 1900s. Careful planning and design have contributed to the to to as for serve park decades, it continue visitors has since the contributed have design vis- and the of planning part Careful important 1900s. an early is that road a of preservation historic Park. National Canyon Grand at experience itor ) and in March 2008 ( 2008 March in and ) Research Problem Statements Problem Research u left 08-36, Task 83, Innovative Transportation Planning Transportation Innovative 83, Task 08-36, to Parks National Enhance and Partnerships Gate- con- the 2009; in completed was Communities, way ( online available is report final tractor’s sions on critical issues, interactions with other com- other with interactions issues, critical on sions and projects, current on briefings first-hand mittees, tours of summer projects transportation in joint national parks. TRB in participated has committee The meetings, cohosted summer meetings with other committees, and has met separately to focus on strategic planning. Meeting tours have included Boston National Historical Park, Mount National Rainer Park, Rocky His- Mountain National Ferry Harpers Park, National Glacier National Park, Seashore. National Cod Cape and Park, torical Tourism Tourism and Recreation withTravel Transportation Planning and Project Delivery has developed several research problem statements, problem research several developed has and Programs Research Cooperative the to submitted other potential sources for funding. The National Program Research Highway Cooperative (NCHRP) 2003 in completed project a sponsored and selected and as published NCHRP 329, Synthesis ). The pedestrian and bicycle and pedestrian The ). 1 . The committee has committee The . Hopi Point Overlook, circa 1935 ( 1935 circa Overlook, Point Hopi . The committee’s . midyear The committee’s Midyear Midyear Meetings Annual Meeting Sessions Meeting Annual u u The National Park in constructed Improvements 2008 included widening the The successful restoration will allow the Hermit Road to These improvements were accomplished with minimal impacts minimal with accomplished were improvements These sponsored diverse sessions on transportation needs transportation on sessions diverse sponsored in federal lands and gateway communities, eco- tourism, context-sensitive design, environmental and nonmo- alternatives, of transportation impacts of the work the Showcasing transportation. torized National Scholars Park in Transportation a poster Meet- Annual the of highlight a become has session represents Program Scholars Transportation The ing. Foundation, Park National the among partnership a Transporta- Eno the and Service, Park National the tion Foundation, with funding support from the Company. Motor Ford walls. After seven- Her- the de however, cades, mit Road was showing age. its Service faced the chal- high a retaining of lenge integrity historic of level and rehabilitating while The road. the improving in was surface pavement the of some repair; poor road and overlook historic features were The endangered. 18- narrow, to 20-foot- when serving especially concerns, safety wide road presented wide. feet 8-1/2 are that buses transit of existing enhancement to 24 and roadway feet resurfacing; Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. the Service, Wildlife and Fish U.S. the Service, Smith- the Service, Forest Agriculture of Department Conservation Parks National the The Institution, sonian Conservancy. Rails-to-Trails the and Association, individuals from com- these agencies the and organizations enhance and TRB to perspectives new bring within issues transportation critical on focus mittee’s lands. federal and parks meetings provide opportunities for detailed discus- for detailed opportunities provide meetings overlooks, parking areas, and trails; construction of formal shut- formal of construction trails; and areas, parking overlooks, bicy- and pedestrian paved a of addition the and stops; bus tle years, including the 2008 reconstruction. 2008 the including years, cle trail on a separate alignment ( alignment separate a on trail cle trail was built on a portion of the original 1912 wagon road that road wagon 1912 original the of portion a on built was trail constructed. was roadway 1935 the when abandoned was accompanying the in shown As resources. natural and historic on 75 past the in little changed has Road Hermit the photographs, 26 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010

IMAGE: JAY DUNCAN, AECOM national parks. portation improvements at as best practices for trans- and private partnerships project cites state, local, Bean. A recent NCHRP Friends of Acadia, and L.L. Downeast Transportation, ment of Transportation, nership of Maine Depart- being built through a part- Acadia National Park is The Gateway Center in aaeet f utrl n ntrl ak and parks reserves through research natural and education. and cultural of management and preservation, protection, the for association Georgemeetingstheof Wright Society, nonprofita presentedat papershavemunitiesCommittee and Com- Medium-Sized and Small for Planning tion sessionsbiannualat conferences Transporta-theof groups.Committee membershelpedhave organize and organizations, committees, TRB diverse with take and facilitate many activities that parks, federal projects. transportation other and services transit munity private-sectorgroups, in supportingother park as and com- well as businesses, local to corporations other conditions. viceresponsein changesto visitorin demands and routesservices;and make changesmodifyand ser- public, and other stakeholders. of federal, state, local, and private-sector funding. tise among the various groups, and leverage a range transit agencies, foundations, and businesses. federal land agencies, local communities, state DOTs,ferent agencies and organizations involved, including new partnerships. other techniques. Build on relationships and develop intelligent transportation systems technologies, and services,appropriatetransitwith area each of tics proximity of gateway communities, and characteris- best practices that emerged from the case studies: (2). summary report, a project PowerPoint the presentation, in and an executivepresented are research further for case study findings, the common themes, and areas The approaches. and arrangements, institutional coverage, geographic sizes, lands, federal of ety project examines 10 case studies that include a vari- transportationimprovements.other The and vices munities, and other groups to introduce transit ser- com- gateway parks, national among partnerships innovative explores project NCHRP recent The Best Practices did not work well, to obtainwell,workfeedbacktonotdid ongoing and lands, and government agencies cannot. The following summarizes some of the common u u u u u u u u u Outreach Documentsuccesses,elementsaswell that as under- can whichfoundations, of use Make Engage the private sector, from large and small Startsuccesstheinitialsmallbuildandonof Communicate with and listen to partners, the Maximize staff, financial resources, and exper- Recognize and respect the missions of the dif- geography, opportunities, issues, the Match . The committee fosters interactionfosterscommittee The . ing innovative approaches to meet visitor demand. onlong-term transportation needs and ondevelop- eral land transit services. Other research topics focus identifyinganding, performance measures fed-for traveldemandtransportationwith demandmodel- recreational linking processes, planning politan needsof national parks in the statewide transportation and metro- the exploring include committee and webinars would be benefit all groups. should operations explored. ongoing Sharing best practices through support workshops to ing federalagencies, and researchers. Methods offund- surveys would benefit the parks, local communities, communities. gateway on impacts economic the of assessments detailed and benefits environmental and quality Twotopics vitalof interest, forexample, are theair lands.federalandimprovementsnationalparks in ofthe new transit systems and other transportation Additionalresearch neededisassessto impactsthe Avenues forResearch References Web Resources public. support from policy makers, funding agencies, and the 2. 329,Synthesis NCHRP 1. Two Rivers–Ottauquechee Regional Commission, Town and Village of Woodstock, Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park, Maine Department of Transportation, Acadia Gateway Lee County Transit, www.rideleetran.com/ J. N. “Ding” Darling Transportation Study, J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife Refuge, Island Explorer, www.exploreacadia.com/index.htm Glacier National Park, www.nps.gov/glac/ Bryce Canyon National Park, Acadia National Park, www.nps.gov/acad/index.htm Additional areas of research identified by the TRB A comprehensive program of on-board ridership onlinepubs/nchrp/docs/NCHRP08-36(83)_FR.pdf. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/2009.Systematics,Inc.,bridge PreparedTexastheby Transportation Institute Cam-and way Cooperative Research Program, Project 8-36, Task 83. NationalParks and Gateway Communities Innovative Transportation Planning Partnerships to Enhance pubs/nchrp/nchrp_syn_329.pdf. Washington,http://onlinepubs.trb.org/online2004.D.C., TransportationResearch Board ofthe National Academies, DeliveryProjectTransportationTraveland with Planning www.trorc.org/ www.valley.net/~woodstock/ www.nps.gov/mabi/index.htm Center, www.acadiagatewaycenter.com/ www.DingDarlingTransportation.com www.fws.gov/dingdarling/ www.nps.gov/brca/photosmultimedia/etours.htm Including TourismIncludingRecreation and .National High- . TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 27

PHOTO: DERRICK COETZEE Holistic transportation planning should start now start should planning transportation Holistic observes observes firsthand the failure nation’s to invest in transportationnear- The unequivocal. infrastructure. are findings Government research industry and traf- increased are underinvestment of impacts term safety pollution, consequences: its and congestion fic degradation, longer transit times, and increased logistics costs. In the long term, the nation expect higher can inflation, lower and productivity, a continued decline in its ability to compete in the global As economy. a result, more manufacturing overseas. move will jobs job of impacts tertiary and secondary the prevent to income in declines including losses, production and levels, consumer spending, real estate values, and such stakeholders, Transportation spending. capital as Institute Research the American Transportation he critical importance of the surface trans- surface the of importance critical he portation system to the high standard of standard to high the system portation undisputed. is States United the in living 55-year the that is message concurrent A As the largest user of the country’s roads, bridges, roads, country’s the of user largest the As and and intermodal connectors, the trucking industry old Interstate seri- a Highway in System—theeconomy—is distributionlargest world’s the of linchpin most its of one of midst the In disrepair. of state ous must States United the recessions, economic severe conundrum. with now a grapple impossible nearly immi- funding highway of reauthorization the With yield quickly must agendas special and politics nent, in the national debate to data objective collection, and research, analysis. This will cit- ensure that U.S. of deci- interest best the in and strategic are sions come. to years for izens T The Creative Financing Sidestep Financing Creative The STEVE WILLIAMS AND DAN MURRAY POINT OF VIEW The health of the transportation nation’s Williams is Williams Chairman and CEO of Maverick USA, Inc., Little Rock, Arkansas, and a past member of the TRB Executive Committee. Murray is Vice President American of Research, Research Transportation Institute, Arlington, Virginia. infrastructure is vital to its security, economy, and economy, its security, environment. 28 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 Somerset. Turnpike tollplaza, the Pennsylvania A truckpassesthrough sis for full funding is poor. ranging from $500 billion to $1 trillion; the progno- shortfalls funding transportation 6-year estimated Commerce,haveofChamber U.S. (ATRI)the and gained popularity, principally because of the lack of thedriving public. fewspecificA instruments have ficiaries, who in most cases do not share the goals of ment to the esoteric interests of private-sector bene- transparencyaccountabilityelectedgovern-and of of creative financing, who are quick to surrender the uisite value-added benefits are inflationary. increase.to Costincreases notprovidethatdo req- decline while the cost of to using continuethe systemwill systemcontinues the that is effect net The out a requisite increase in infrastructure investment. ative financing tools raise transportation costs with- Theliterature shows thatmost theofso-called cre- implications. long-term the of regardless revenue user at—raising stops on—and focuses discourse nationalthe that problemis interest.nationalThe seldomdebated—allsafetyisway objectivesare of system capacity and productivity, and improve road- could exacerbate problems, not resolve them.houses investment private and government both various creative financing solutions promulgated by the that indicate analysesreproducible Empirical, risk. great at is infrastructure transportation The Infrastructure atRisk Nevertheless, that does not impede the advocates congestion,increasetrafficreduce to need The

tration consumed nearly 50 cents of every dollar every of cents 50 nearly consumed tration adminis-systemtollcases, some Inistrativecosts. than20 percent of its collected revenues on admin- gle toll system in the United States that expendedsible lessfinancial reports, ATRI was unable to find a sin- revenue tools available. In a review of publicly inefficientacces-most the ofTolling one be continuesto Tolling safety measures. appropriateof lost—althoughelsewhere—forlack are lives anddeclines, infrastructurestill the tem, total of net trips continues at some point on the sys- country’s transportationthe objectives;of none because addresses pricing the samecongestion regard, complete shift in the nation’s 9-to-5 economy.requiresfourtha the andInlevels; trafficheavierthis for issues for neighborhoods and roadways not designed able; the third creates major safety and infrastructure the first goal is inflationary; the second is not perspective,freightapplic- a Fromschedules. daily users’ shift to or roads, different onto vehicles move to fromcaptive users, movetousers transitto modes, Congestion pricing has several goals: to raise revenueCongestion Pricing Problematic Alternatives alternatives are particularly problematic. sources—namely,creativeing the ofSeveral taxes. strategy predicated on increases in traditional fund- political will to support a rational U.S. transportation

S D : P CHWEN ANIEL HOTO TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 29

PHOTO: AAA FOUNDATION FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY The trucking industry is the largest user of the roads, bridges, country’s and intermodal connectors. The role of the of role The . . A key benefit is that the fuel tax conveys social conveys tax fuel the that is benefit key A Finally, the tenuous nature of leveraging private of leveraging nature the tenuous Finally, u capital to purchase public assets can be in seen the assets public the to purchase capital in and proposals concession of withdrawals many In houses. investment major of bankruptcies recent port- its that revealed Roads Atlas $1.28 Macquarie 2009, at valued assets, road toll spun-off newly folio’s than $8.6 bil- with more encumbered were billion, debt. in lion Mileage Fees The latest revenue tool is under consideration the system that tax. mileage vehicle Any technological Systems to Positioning Geographic requires differ- entiate traffic lanes, distinguish public roads from the with wirelessly communicate driveways, private payments revenue electronic transfer and pump, gas from the checking driver’s account to of a variety hundreds of to tens cost would agencies government billions of dollars to before the install nationwide, first penny yet not went have advocates tax tomileage the Nonetheless, infrastructure investment. trans- of components “extraneous” these addressed efficiency. portation two most pressing objectives. Because the leases affect specific any roadways, improve- throughput ments on the leased corridors mayelsewhere. congestion be increased offset by A Better Option tax fuel the raise to is option better A fuel tax in generating future transportation revenue transportation future generating in tax fuel following: the despite downplayed, been has equity—those who equity—those choose to drive large or ineffi- An electronic tolling system that expends $33 expends that system tolling electronic An Budget estimates for new toll projects are often are projects toll new for estimates Budget Many of the tolling inefficiencies identified in identified inefficiencies tolling the of Many To promote tolling as a way to finance infrastruc- finance to way a as tolling promote To However, when pricing is introduced on when is previ- pricing introduced However, actu- may traffic some highways, congested ously ally by be reduceddeterred on previously parallelwere who arterials travelers because certain priced the to back shift may congestion freeway highways once congestion is eliminated and increased.... has throughput u u u public–private partnerships lacks discrete strategies discrete lacks partnerships public–private nation’s safety—the or infrastructure maintaining for This This is to be profit when expected a private-sector con- highway soaring already an to added is margin struction price index. the Yet federal guidance for Privatization with continue tolls with arise that The issues same The scale. costly more larger, a on but privatization, dramatic toll increases built into the leases of the near Chicago and the Tollway Illinois Indiana Toll annually. times three to two by inflation exceed Road But where did the original traffic go? traffic original the did where But collected. Other toll systems required massive non- massive required systems toll Other collected. dif- is tolling of cost true The subsidies. revenue toll calculate systems toll few because decipher, to ficult accord- costs, administrative standardized report and lit- the Nevertheless, Foundation. Reason the to ing concerns: raises erature ture capacity is disingenuous. In contrast, 97 percent 97 contrast, In disingenuous. is capacity ture to 99 of percent fuel tax long-term to returns revenue trans- comparable provide not do tolls portation; vehicles shift tolls Instead, system. the to benefits net dis- More jurisdictions. capitalized less to costs and concerting is the dearth of information and guid- either in diversion toll of impacts safety the on ance the or literature on the U.S. of Department Trans- (www.fightgridlock website now-defunct portation’s offered previously however, website, The now.gov). benefits: congestion toll-related on logic confusing million to collect $16 million in E-ZPass tolling vio- tolling E-ZPass in million $16 collect to million lations, with a 68 error rate, false-positive percent 2002). (Malinconico, efficient be to claim cannot inaccurate in documenting start-up and management and start-up documenting in inaccurate Jer- New the of overruns budget the 2004, In costs. 37 exceeded program tolling electronic E-ZPass sey million. $469 of deficit percent—a research continue in some form with electronic 2002; 2003; Mulshine, and (Peters tolling Kramer, 2004). al., et Chin 30 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 improvement projects. transportation generate revenuefor increases infueltaxesto Associations support The AmericanTrucking

PHOTO: JIM GROENEWEG penalties for various transportation solutions. and incentives vis-à-vis flexibility create all taxes fuel taxes, heavy vehicle use taxes, and federal excise safety.highwaystateenhancingwhileand Federal ingmore freight moreain congested environment, essary if the nation is to meet the challenges of mov- potentialchangestrucksizesin weights—nec-and to improvements and in vehicle efficiency, fuels alternative as well as to to the respond to flexibility the methodologytraditionalhastaxportation, the is likely to be permanent. theeconomic recession. Neither theseofsituations growthin fuel consumption, primarily the result of slowing a from and 1993,increased since not has derivesfromdatathatreflect federal athatfueltax tion to alternative fuels a viable migra-potentialopportunitythe makingmonetized, and fortized taxes. therms,all forms ofenergy easily can becommodi- A recalcitrant populace and tax-averse politicians are Refocusing theDiscourse efficient cars. tems, large, inefficient cars pay the same toll as cientsmall,vehicles pay more in fuel taxes. In tolling sys- multigenerationalagreements eliminatethatfuture to fundraisingandstrategiesdesirable lesstoward fall. Frustration has pushed transportation agencies primarily responsible for the current funding short- flexibility. But sidestepping critical public debate on ers are encouraged to comment in a letter to the edi- are not necessarily those of TRB or tor on the issues and opinions presented. authors on transportation issues. The views expressed P ITOF OINT u u Additionally, in relation to commercial trans- commercial to relation in Additionally, h aprn oslsec o te ul tax fuel the of obsolescence apparent The or kilowatts, gallons, in measured Whether V IEW rsns pnos f contributing of opinions presents TR News . Read- today’s are imperatives. makers decision and users transportation of generationsfutureresponsibilities managementto entedsolutions; and seamlessly transferring system infrastructure-ori- implementing and identifying proposals; financing creativeeasy,short-term, ing they are doing the right thing for the country. Resist- can regain the political will and the confidence that rationalized transportation strategy, America’s leaders transportation benefits. meaningful and increases price dramatic between relationship logical a of lack the from more and technicalitiesrevenuegenerationthetoolsfromof nation’s inability to raise new revenue may The resultdubious. them strategies—andlessfindfinancing aware of the costs and benefits of the various creative similar innovations offer additional benefits? increaselane capacity on I-94 by 25 percent. Could to TransportationpaintDepartmentofwhite used after the I-35 bridge collapse in 2007, the Minnesota Shortly constructdouble-deck roads.to where or can be built, or where lane capacity can be improved,technicalassessmentsinfrastructurewherenew on for need theprecedence overtake toappears sure improvements are lacking. Not-in-my-backyardcapacity infrastructure on guidance pres-and Research A RationalStrategy revenues. reaped by businesses and special populationsare alike? which benefits, economic and social indirect transportation’saboutknown is much Howfleets? companies, emergency services, and drivertransit government,charities,education by tax—owned fuel sure on the millions of vehicles now exempt from is thethe cost and benefit of enforcing a user-pays mea- politically sensitive incongruities. For example, what By linking the public’slinkingthe Bytrust—and money—toa are typically users system that showsResearch This requiresresearchresolveThisexpandingthe to ous. disingenu- again processes—is ticipation tolling authority simply five-person to avoid a to publicreferenda par- or debate tive tenatax as auser fee—or to move legisla- public taxation is not justifiable. To rechris- holders on how and where to invest future develop agreement and to collaboration among is stake- challenge first The taxes. ing Associations—support increases in fuel nizations—including the American Truck- Nonetheless, many local and national orga- increases to creative financing alternatives. tax fuel from focus shifted has discourse For these and other reasons, the national TRB 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS

Investing in Our Transportation Future Bold Ideas to Meet Big Challenges

he challenges faced by transportation researchers, 2010 Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers DVD. T practitioners, and administrators—transporta- The 2010 Thomas B. Deen Distinguished Lecture tion’s role in the economy, zero-fatality goals for high- was delivered by Martin Wachs of the RAND Corpo- ways, targets for climate change reduction efforts, ration. U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood preservation of infrastructure, and more—and the was the featured speaker at the Chairman’s Luncheon, 1 U.S. Transportation bold ideas to meet these challenges were highlighted which included major award presentations. Secretary Ray LaHood at the Transportation Research Board’s 89th Annual Details and highlights appear on the following (center) answers media Meeting, January 10–14, 2010, in Washington, D.C. pages. questions after speaking More than 10,000 transportation professionals from 65 at the Chairman’s countries came together for approximately 3,000 pre- Luncheon; in reviewing his priorities, the sentations at more than 600 workshops and sessions, Secretary emphasized the plus 350 committee meetings, special events, awards need to prevent distract- presentations, and more. Approximately 65 sessions ed driving. and workshops addressed the meeting’s theme, “Bold 2 Ideas to Meet Big Challenges.”

The Transportation 2010 MARCH–APRIL 267 NEWS TR Network Modeling The meeting presented an opportunity for trans- Committee was one of portation professionals from across the globe to more than 350 commit- exchange ideas and share research across all modes tees and task forces that and disciplines. At a Welcome Session for Annual met at the TRB 89th Meeting newcomers, committee chairs made informal Annual Meeting, many attracting full rooms of presentations on their areas. After the session, approx- observers. imately 370 people expressed an interest in becoming involved in the committee process. Annual Meeting Visual aids and recordings of video and audio from photographs by Cable 45 sessions were posted online as e-sessions at Risdon Photography www.TRB.org, and 1,900 papers were included in the 2 31 32 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 United States. between Europe and the transportation research discusses collaboration in European Commission Magda Kopczynska of the of international leaders, the exhibit hall. of Transportation (DOT), in Ornitz, Florida Department zation’s work to Scott Center, explains his organi- and Analysis Computing Transportation Research authors of papers. directly interacted with research displays and attendees reviewed computers provided. with the program on the Day, ICF International ( Framework web tool, Matt rative Decision-Making cased the SHRP 2 Collabo- 2011 meeting—TRB’s 90th. the coming year and the initiatives and to plan for review the current status of Activities Council met to of Virginia Tech. saied Dehghanisanij ( Shoghli and Mohammad- program with Omidreza Annual Meeting interactive souri ( Kianfar, University of Mis- networking opportunities. committees, activities, and newcomers to TRB’s many Session, which introduces Section at the Welcome nomic, and Cultural Issues leaders in the Social, Eco- briefing by committee tration ( Federal Highway Adminis- ments; and Margie Sheriff, Area Council of Govern- Craig Cooper, Pikes Peak INTERSECTIONS TRB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 At an informal meeting Tanju Sofu, Argonne At poster sessions, At a session that show- The TRB Technical Between sessions, Jalil New attendees hear a left right ), consults the ) experiment 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 right left ); ) 6 4 1 5 3 Consultancy,Inc. Jacobs Mandle, B. Peter University; State Pennsylvania Swan, F.Peter LLP; man, V.Kussy,A. Nossa - Edward Alabama; of Turner,S. University Daniel TRB; Norman, R. Mark right) to row,left (back LLC; Newman, Ralls Ralls, Lou Mary Institute; TexasTransportation F.Katherine Turnbull, Chair; Systems, Transportation VolpeNational Johns, C. Robert Group; Beckett Beckett, G. Jeannie Inc.; Brinckerhoff, Parsons Burbank, J. Cynthia right) to row,left (front Council: Activities 3 TRB TechnicalTRB 7 2 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 33 ) far left to right to left ), discusses megaregions discusses ), Catherine Ross, Georgia Ross, Catherine Lee Schipper, University Schipper, Lee Rodolfo Sabonge of the of Sabonge Rodolfo David Strickland, newly Strickland, David Earl Easton, U.S. Nuclear U.S. Easton, Earl pre- FedEx, Shalia, Rakesh Liu, (Rachel) Rongfang Members of the new U.S. new the of Members Joseph Administrator FRA 9 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 SPOTLIGHT SESSIONS Institute of Technology ( Technology of Institute right ( panelists with of University Pisano, Mark Arts, Jos California; Southern William and Rijkswaterstaat; Center. Volpe Lyons, of California, Berkeley, mod- Berkeley, California, of a Achieve to How erates Trans- Low-Carbon Global 2050. by System port Panama Canal Authority Canal Panama on information presents Panama the of expansion potential its and Canal ports. U.S. on impact Commission, Regulatory nuclear of state the addresses its and generation power transporta- for implications States. United the in tion carrier integrated the sents four of one at perspective Has Lessons What on sessions Transportation Freight the the from Learned Sector Crisis? Economic Global Tech- of Institute Jersey New Ideas Bold at speaks nology, Trans- Challenges: Big and Infrastructure portation China. in sworn-in as head of NHTSA, of head as sworn-in the on audience the briefed safety. highway of future Department of Transporta- of Department team leadership (DOT) tion plans, visions, communicated federal for priorities and and programs transportation Annual special a at policies session. Meeting for goals key outlined Szabo the Meet the at programs rail session. Leadership DOT U.S. 9 3 7 1 6 ) from far left far from 5

U.S. DOT leaders included ( included leaders DOT U.S. 1 David Grizzle, Federal Aviation Administration; Aviation Federal Safety Grizzle, David Traffic Highway National Strickland, Federal David Ferro, S. Anne (NHTSA); Joseph Administration Administration; Safety Carrier (FRA); Motor Administration Railroad Trot- Federal Polly Szabo, Counsel; Chief DOT U.S. Rivkin, Transporta- Robert of Secretary the of Policy; Office for tenberg, Secretary Under Kienitz, W. Roy Research tion; Appel, H. Peter FHWA; Mendez, Victor Administration; Technology Innovative and Administration; Maritime U.S. Matsuda, T. David Seaway Lawrence Saint Middlebrook, Rogoff, Craig M. Peter and Corporation; Development Administration. Transit Federal

2 8 4 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS TRB 34 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 for Long-Range Planning. Mechanisms: Implications Funding and Financing perspective at Innovative sents the Philadelphia-area Commission ( Valley Regional Planning Roadway–Roadside Panel. of the Motorcycle and speaks at the second part Motorcyclist Association, Traffic Engineers. Highway Designers and Design Guidelines: Use by Human Factors Road Maryland DOT, addresses and Access Control. tions in Corridor Projects explore Legal Considera - Isonhood, Mississippi DOT, South Florida, and Jimmy ( Education. Bicycle Transportation University Pedestrian and workshop on Improving Berkeley, guides a University of California, and Pavement Parameters. session on Highway Noise research in a two-part DOT, details MnROAD Izevbekhai, Minnesota Pavement Design Guide. Mechanistic–Empirical Sensitivity Analysis with Pavement Design moderates Flexible Villanova University, Saturday, January 9. Factors held Workshops session, one of the Human Introductory Training Highway Safety Manual modification factors at the examines crash Parsons Brinckerhoff, WORKSHOPS SESSIONS AND TRB standing 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Don Shanis, Delaware Ed Moreland, American Thomas Hicks, Kristine Williams Rebecca Sanders, Bernard Igbafen Leslie Ann McCarthy, Larry Sutherland, ), University of right ), pre- 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 7 4 1 9 tute. F. Turnbull, Texas Transportationand Environment Insti- Group Chair Katherineland; Michael Culp, FHWA; and PlanningCH2M Hill; Tony Mendoza, Metro Port-District Commission; Brandi Steffen, RideShare/Thomas Jefferson Planning Sound Transit, winner; Lisa Horanyi,lic Information Associates; Carol Doering,nifer L. Weeks, PB, and Judy Meyer,Transportation Pub- committee members Jen-ers ( Public competition finalists and present - 9 Communicating with John and Jane left to right 2 5 ): Public Involvement in 6 8 3 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 35 , dis- , ): Barry ): left to right to left Jennifer Hopp, Jennifer Speakers at Perfor- at Speakers Daniel McGehee, Uni- McGehee, Daniel NHTSA, Vegega, Maria Ridge Oak Leiby, Paul of coeditor Lee, D. John Toyota Sherony, Rini Binder, Stephanie 8 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 mance Specifications for Specifications mance Highway in Geosynthetics ( Projects SESSIONS AND SESSIONS WORKSHOPS (continued) Christopher Christopher, Morvant, Mark Consultants; of Department Louisiana Develop- and Transportation Enrique Daniel ment; Silas FHWA; Alzamora, Khalid and FHWA; Nichols, Technology Gas Farrag, A. Institute. over presides Iowa, of versity Plan- Analysis at discussion Naturalistic 2 SHRP for ning Study. Driving Interna- on session a guides on Perspectives tional Driving. Impaired Laboratory, National secu- energy the addresses biofuels of implications rity Comple- and Trade-Offs at Energy Between mentarities Mitigation, Carbon Security, Sustainability. and Theory, Distraction: Driver Mitigation and Effects, meet- a at book his cusses session. the-author a asks Center, Technical Driv- Distracted at question Human from Findings ing: Investiga- Crash and Factors Research. tion audi- to responds NHTSA, Dis- the at questions ence session. Driving tracted Maryland, of University question- a in participates at session answer and- Public Versus Medicine Divergent Health: the to Approaches Driver of Regulation Competency. 2 8 5 10 1 4 7

), listens as Orlando as listens ), Guntur Sugiyarto, Guntur Margarida C. Coelho, C. Margarida 9 right 10 emissions. ings on the effects of a bus a of effects the on ings on system transit rapid Paulo, describes his find- his describes Paulo, ( São of University Strambi, University of Aveiro, Portu- Aveiro, of University on poster a discusses gal, and use energy vehicle Gopal with systems safety Consulting. ICF Duleep, Bank Development Asian

6 9 3 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS TRB 36 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 Meeting the Mandate. ics at Positive Train Control: control safety and econom- speaks about positive train tion of American Railroads, Discussion. abilities: Continuing the and Pedestrians with Dis- dialogue on Roundabouts ing Eye, Inc., guides the fighting regulations. and airport rescue and fire port disaster preparedness examined topics such as air- Recovery Assessments tive. Safety: A Global Perspec- Paris Metro at Urban Rail safety measures on the ports Parisiens, describes Règie Autonome des Trans- oping Countries. fic Management in Devel- over Traffic Safety and Traf- sity of Louisiana, presides Devices. Quality Assurance, and ITS of Maintenance Contracts, strategies at Management addresses contracting versity of Texas at Austin, Performance Program. FHWA’s Long-Term Bridge tion on the Status of FHWA, presents informa- program. ing Exploratory Analysis NCHRP Innovations Deserv- gies, developed under the smart damping technolo- explains his project on University of Connecticut, Transportation. moderates Erosion Issues in (continued) WORKSHOPS SESSIONS AND TRB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Gordon Mott, Associa- Lucas Franck, The See- Aviation Risk and Mathieu Dunant, Xiaodun Sun, Univer- Cindy Menches, Uni- Hamid Ghasemi, Richard Christenson, Brian L. Smith, FHWA, 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 9 1 4 Saneinejad ( and Sheyda the Environment. Transportation and Current Issues in poster session on sions model at a house gas emis- macroscopic green- their paper on a Toronto, discuss University of 10 Sybil Derrible right ), 7 Bender, TransSolutions. System; and Gloria can Public University Fielding Smith, Ameri- College London; James Majumdar, Imperial ates, Inc.; Arnab E. David, RED & Associ- ( Recovery Assessments Aviation Risk and left to right 7 Panelists for ): Robert 2 5 10 8 6 3 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 37 ), right ), receives a poster a receives ), left Janette Sadik-Khan, Janette U.S. Windley, Scott Concrete of Properties E. James Consultant Quincy Reno, L. Mark Information and Data Work- Safety Highway offers Martin Barbara Soil Mechanics Section Mechanics Soil Asha Weinstein Asha ) present Brent Robin- Brent present ) 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 left 10 and Foundation of Bridges of Foundation and Com- Structures Other and Morvant Mark Chair mittee ( best section’s the with son award. paper New York City DOT, chairs a chairs DOT, City York New Transporta- the of meeting U.S. Major in Issues tion Committee. Cities with meets Board, Access Safety Highway the Force. Task Manual Cav- Tara chair Committee North of University alline, Charlotte, at Carolina items. agenda reviews State Jose San Agrawal, a in participates University, Trans- the with discussion and Education portation Committee. Training inau- the conducts Bryden Posi- the of meeting gural Work in Protection tive Subcommittee. Joint Zones the leads Inc., Engineering, Collaboration Structures Subcommittee. Chair Section Systems NuStats, Zmud, P. Johanna ( LLC Regi- from appreciation of Iowa Souleyrette, R. nald University. State Task Development force Herbel, Susan Chair Force Systematics, Cambridge members. with chats Inc., the of meeting a at insights Opera- and Maintenance Committee. Personnel tions Wainaina, W. Njoroge Chair ( DOT Carolina North COMMITTEE MEETINGS 6 9 3 11 8 5 2 ), pre- ), Round- right 11 abouts Task abouts Chair Force Russell, Eugene State Kansas University ( sents Leif Our - Our Leif sents Ourston ston, Roundabout Engineering, recogni- a with tion. 10

7 1 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS TRB 38 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 Stanford University, received portation Institute. Eun Sug Park, Texas Trans- Kay Fitzpatrick ( Pedestrian Treatment,” are Effectiveness of HAWK winning paper, “Safety Patricia F. Waller Award- Stopping Sight Distance.” Design Demands Based on ancing Urban Driveway Award for their paper, “Bal- versity won the K. B. Woods Layton of Oregon State Uni- Planners.” cations for Transportation “Cap-and-Trade: Five Impli- young researchers, for which honors papers by the Fred Burggraf Award, ( versity of Arizona. FHWA; and Larry Head, Uni- Iteris, Inc. ( were Richard W. Jenney, Jr., of transportation facilities operation and maintenance winners for best paper on ning and administration. transportation systems plan- ing papers in the field of Award recognizes outstand- services with vendors. tion-related products and dees to discuss transporta- businesses. 150 organizations and displays from more than Exhibit Hall featured PAPER AWARDS OUTSTANDING EXHIBITS and organization. standing paper in policy Wootan Award for an out- sity, received the Charley V. gan Technological Univer- and Timothy Colling, Michi- TRB left 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ), Karen Dixon, and Bob Adam Millard-Ball, The authors of the Ida van Schalkwyk D. Grant Mickle Award The Pyke Johnson The well-trafficked Exhibits allowed atten- Terry McNinch ( left ); Eddie Curtis, left 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 ) and left ) 6 4 1 7 3 and Gunwoo Lee. Jean-Daniel Saphores, (Iris) You, Stephen Ritchie, Jayakrishnan, Soyoung Johns ( With TAC Chair Robert C. of I-710 in California.” Freight Corridor: A Study Impacts of a Major paper, “Environmental son Award for their received the Pyke John- sity of California, Irvine, researchers from Univer- 3 A team of left to right ): R. 8 5 2 TRB 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS

CHAIRMAN’S LUNCHEON

1 Adib Kanafani, 2009 Executive Committee chair, speaks at the Chairman’s Luncheon.

2 U.S. Transportation Sec- retary Ray LaHood (left), chats with Institute of Medi- cine President Harvey Fineberg, representing the National Research Council. 1 2 3 3 In his address, LaHood discussed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and key U.S. DOT initiatives.

AWARDS

4 Suzanne Schneider, TRB Associate Executive Director (left) presents the Sharon D. Banks Award for Innovative Leadership in Transporta- tion to Michael S. Townes, president and CEO, Hamp- 4 5 6 ton Roads Transit.

5 Kumares C. Sinha, 7 TAC chair Robert C. Johns Olson Distinguished Profes- (left); Thomas B. Deen, former sor of Civil Engineering, Pur- TRB Executive Director; and due University, received the 2009 Executive Committee Roy W. Crum Distinguished chair Adib Kanafani (right); Service Award. present Martin Wachs, RAND Corporation (second from 6 David L. Huft, Research left), with the Deen Distin- Program Manager and Intel- guished Lectureship plaque. ligent Transportation Sys- tems Coordinator, South 8 Wachs delivers the Dakota DOT (left), receives Thomas B. Deen Distinguished the W. N. Carey, Jr., Distin- Lecture on “Transportation guished Service Award from Policy, Poverty, and Sustain- Michael R. Morris, 2010 7 ability: History and Future.” 8 Executive Committee chair.

Committees Salute Long-Term Leaders

RB awarded emeritus John M. Burns, Jr. 2010 MARCH–APRIL 267 NEWS TR Tmembership to 3 indi- (deceased November 2009) viduals at the 2010 Committee on Maintenance Equipment Annual Meeting, honoring significant, long-term con- Nathan A. Gartner tributions and outstand- Committee on Traffic Flow Theory ing service on technical and Characteristics activities committees. Barbara A. Petrarca The honorees and their Committee on Landscape and Scott Bradley, Minnesota DOT (left); Stephen Maher, TRB; and Eliza- committees are Environmental Design beth Hilton, FHWA (right) present an Emeritus Membership certificate to landscape architect Barbara A. Petrarca (second from right). 39 40 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 Maritime Administration. Deputy Administrator, U.S. Administration; and Counsel, Federal Aviation tion (FHWA); eral Highway Administra- Deputy Administrator, Fed- Transit Administration; Administrator, Federal Administration; vative Technology istrator, Research and Inno- Transportation Policy; Assistant Secretary for tion; Secretary of Transporta- portation; Deputy Secretary of Trans- grams. Panelists included portation policies and pro- leaders on federal trans- tors gathered to brief TRB new U.S. DOT administrative Committee, a panel of At a meeting of the Execu- PANEL LEADERSHIP U.S. DOT TRB 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 David T. Matsuda, David Grizzle, Chief Gregory G. Nadeau, Peter M. Rogoff, Peter H. Appel, Admin- Polly Trottenberg, Roy W. Kienitz, Under John D. Porcari, 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 M Executive Committee Gains New Leaders transportation planner, and assistant director of trans- held responsibilities as transportation planner, senior sures in the State Implementation Plan. Previously,mea- control transportationquality–related he air and tion Plan, the Transportation Improvement Program, Transporta-Regional the implementationof guided has area—Morris Worth Dallas–Fort the for tion Governments—the metropolitan planning organiza- of TexasCouncilCentral North the for 1990 since 2010 Vice Chair. Highway Administration (SHA), is the State Maryland Administrator, J. Pedersen, Neil Berkeley. fornia, Cali- of University neering, Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Adib Civil Engi- succeeds He Committee. Executive isthe 2010 Chair of the TRB of Governments (NCTCOG), North Central Texas Council rnprain director Transportation tor of Transportation, of tor ichael R. Morris, Direc- 5 1 Kanafani for his leadership. presents a plaque honoring 2009 Chair Adib K. 2010 Executive Committee Chair Michael R. Morris 6 2 Wilson Bridge Project in metropolitanWashington,inProject BridgeWilson Projects under his watch have included the Woodrow tor and Chief Engineer for Planning and Engineering. and Preliminary Engineering and Deputy Administra- 2003, Pedersen was Director of the Office of Planning a is and 1979 registered in professional engineer Buffalo in the state of at Texas. York New of versity Beforebecoming Maryland SHAAdministrator in 7 3 neering from the State Uni- State thefrom neering master’s degree in civil engi- a earned Review.He Policy committeePlanningon and Executive Committee’s Sub- the of member a is he TRB, At 1995. in Road Award Hand Transportation of TexasDepartment the with Engineers; he was presented Transportation of Institute Yearthe Awardfromthe of the Transportation Engineer portation at NCTCOG. In 1994,MorrisreceivedIn (continuedonpage 42) 8 4 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 41 Daniel Sperling, Uni- Sperling, Daniel 2009 Chair Adib Chair 2009 Morris Michael Director Executive TRB Met- Scott, A. Beverly Stotlar, W. Douglas Mercator Seltzer, David Rosenbloom, Sandra Pedersen, J. Neil L. Debra Chair Past Federal Ferro, S. Anne McMillan, W. Therese Cal- Iwasaki, H. Randell Kevin Admiral Rear 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 12 13 14 10 11 Kanafani guides the Execu- the guides Kanafani an through Committee tive agenda. ambitious with dialogue a in engages panelists. DOT U.S. the a presents Skinner Bob and year past the of review next. the of preview a Committee Executive The mem- new several gained included These 2010. in bers Rapid Atlanta ropolitan Authority; Transit Inc.; Con-Way, Davis; California, of versity and LLC. Advisors Arizona, of University Executive the is Tucson, International Committee’s Secretary. Highway State Maryland 2010 the is Administration, Vice Committee Executive Chair. reports DOT, Kansas Miller, on Subcommittee the on Review. Policy and Planning in participating Also Committee Executive were business meeting Safety Carrier Motor Administration; Administra- Transit Federal tion; of Department ifornia and Transportation; Guard. Coast U.S. Cook, EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

3 7

10 14 6 13 9 2 5 12

8 1

4 11 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS TRB 42 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 ( COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE Meeting. another successful Annual sents statistics indicating Director Mark Norman pre- tives in Congress. technology-related initia- Committee on science- and updates the Executive Government Affairs, tor of Congressional and National Academies’ Direc- 2010. Activities Council plans for Center, describes Technical system in the Netherlands. wide congestion pricing of Kilometerprijs, a nation- Committee on the progress staat, briefs the Executive ence. Climate Change Confer- reports on the Copenhagen Center for Clean Air Policy, mate change and energy. tions for research on cli- study that examined direc- Committee–sponsored reports on an Executive gia Institute of Technology, meeting. at the Executive Committee Nevada DOT, offers insights TRB continued 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TRB Technical Activities James Jensen, the Robert C. Johns, Volpe Joris Al, Rijkswater- Edward (Ned) Helme, Michael Meyer, Geor- Susan Martinovich, ) 2010 ANNUAL MEETING HIGHLIGHTS MEETING ANNUAL 2010 (continuedfrom page 40) in civil engineering from Northwestern University. He degrees fromundergraduate Bucknell two has University Pedersen and native, a master’schusetts degree ofColumbia, andtwo Canadian provinces. Massa-A oftransportation agencies from 16 states, the District Executive Board of the I-95 Corridor Coalition,and a groupTransportation Officials (AASHTO) activeAmericantheandin Association chairsStateofHighway the is He panels. and mittees has and com-manyTRBservedon 2008 to 2005 from Council Activities Technical the chaired He Research.Capacity for tee CoordinatingcalCommit- Techni-ProgramResearch Highway Strategic Second the chairs years, 30 than TRB service record of more Capital Beltway. thenorthI-95withof270 I- links whichConnector, buildingof the Intercounty D.C., and the planning and eesn wo a a has who Pedersen, 4 Luncheon. Morris after LaHood’s address at the Chairman’swith 2010 Executive Committee Chair Michael R. U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood confers 1 5 neering, University of Texas at Austin. Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair of Engi- Michael C. and Department,Wal-MartInc.;Stores, City; Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, CorporateBarker, TrafficExecutive Director, Barry Transit J. are Authority Committee of Executive River the of members Stotlar, President and CEO, Con-way Inc. Reappointedfessor, University of California, Davis; and Douglas W. 2 6 Efficiency Center, and Pro- Sperling, Energy Director, Interim Daniel sors; Cofounder, Mercator Advi- tat Rpd Transit Seltzer, David Authority; Rapid Atlanta Metropolitan Manager, General Scott, A. Beverly are Committee Executive Association in 2006. Builders’ Transportation and Road American the and AASHTO, TRB, from Award Bartlett S. George the and2007 AASHTOin from Award MacDonald H. Thomas the received Newlyappointed to the

7 3 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 43 ), Georgios ), left Transport connects Transport markets, enabling the pur- Markets also have contributed to the develop- Global Marketplace modern and markets global in innovation Transport col- international of dynamics the economies affects in is Knowledge laboration research. transport the most important resource that in research modern well-funded of economies;result the is innovation infrastructures. research appropriate of use makes chase, and accumulation, production, distribution International products. finished or materials raw of transport research collaboration can to develop systems and transport efficient more and safer operate serve the needs of mar- and national international kets. involvement often with of government transport, signals automated from range innovations The ment. accelerated the addition, In materials. composite to

G. A. GIANNOPOULOS AND O. A. ELRAHMAN n January 2006, the European Conference of n Conference 2006, the January European Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI) and the and (ECTRI) Institutes Research Transport a signed (TRB) Board Research Transportation inter- foster to understanding of memorandum The working group examined the issues of trans- of issues the examined group working The Working Group Presents Findings Presents Group Working national collaboration in Com- national collaboration research. transport was understanding of memorandum the plementing 2 every years—that be renewed plan—to an action on group working joint a of formation the for called the Euro- between collaboration research transport States. United the and (EU) Union pean port research collaborationresearch of on issues both discussed sides and of considered the Atlantic, ways investigated and governance, and Formed management collaboration. closer effect to procedures and under Article 10 of the (see action 10 Group plan, the Working as working known be to came group 49). page box, Jean-Pierre Médevielle, French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research ( Research Safety and Transport for Institute National French Médevielle, Jean-Pierre Giannopoulos, then-president of ECTRI, and TRB Executive Director Bob Skinner display the Memorandum of Memorandum the display Skinner Bob Director Executive TRB and ECTRI, of then-president Giannopoulos, Understanding between TRB and ECTRI, signed at the 2006 TRB Annual Meeting. Annual TRB 2006 the at signed ECTRI, and TRB between Understanding I Research Collaboration Research Expanding International Transport International Expanding This article is based on the on based is article This recom- and findings main TRB- the of mendations on Group Working ECTRI Union European Transport (EU)–U.S. Collaboration. Research cochair were authors The respec- corapporteur, and working the of tively, group. Giannopoulos is Head, Hel- Head, is Giannopoulos Transport, of Institute lenic and Greece, Thessaloniki, European President, Past Transport of Conference Institutes Research is Elrahman (ECTRI). Coordina- Research Head, Trans- Technology and tion Transportation fer, Development, and Research Depart- State York New Transportation, of ment Albany. 44 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 theglobal marketplace. affectall transactions in andnew technologies shipment;innovations imagerytoexamine a specialistuses digital BorderPatrol agriculture U.S.A Customs and domestic research and product development net- development product and research domestic access to capitaland and tochangeable, scientific is andresearch technical for talentsupport political trulyinternationalA evenglobalor undertaking in Identifying Barriers ration and exchange. tosupport international transport research collabo- motivateanddrive innovations—is stronga reason entrepreneurialway—to an in marketplace the to innovation and making the research results availableand researchtransport in involvement lic–private tributed across the public domain. Optimizing pub- benefitsflow directly totheinnovators andare dis- nurturethatinnovations,cansectorprivateso the the both in demand and the supply apparent sides of the market. is role government’s The demand.shape to help may andservices and ucts innovationinfluences the supply of transport prod- zational mechanisms. Second, transport research and research and innovation through structured, organi- customers,voters.andindustry The participates in policies and the socioeconomic goals of consumers, transport First, research andinnovation innovation. areinfluenced industryby and research port surface transport. significantproblemsin most the of many to tions technologies on a global scale have and streamlinedinnovations of solu-deployment and development ot eerh n dvlpet ol threaten could development and research port varies worldwide. Second, the globalization of trans- transport research faces significant hurdles. First, the

Effectivepartnerships betweengovernmentand globalThemarket twofoldplays a role trans-in

L. N L. G : P INO ERALD HOTO tional cultures; and alone, without partners; tual property; eral organizations and parties involved; understanding, or other guidance; formalners,asuchagreement, as memorandum of laboration; entific or technical issue in question; lectiveinterests among partners focused on the sci- TRBAnnual Meeting. inthe International Research Roundtable atthe 2007 Republic,and former Vice Chair ofECTRI, participate DirectorBob Skinner, and Josef Mikulik, CDV, Czech MichaelD.Meyer, Georgia Tech ( ration: dientsfor successful international research collabo- canbarriers be overcome by adding several key thesereport,ingre-Working10 Groupthe Accordingto Overcoming theBarriers effective international research collaboration: be can and divisible often approached on smaller are scales. but sense this Transportgate. internationalresearcharein issues singlenationsufficientnohas resources investi-to scale usually is limited to problems or questions that port. Third, research cooperation on an sup-internationalcommercialand governmentlimiting works, The following represent additional barriers to barriers additional represent following The u u u u u u u u u u Institutionalinertia and differences in institu- proceed to countries large of capacity The Cultural differences; Differencesregulationsingoverning intellec- complexityThe transactions,theof withsev- The high costs of information and data; Clear ground rules for interaction among part- col- for principles and goals definedClearly A strategic convergence of individual and col- Labor issues. left ),TRB Executive TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 45 Participants in the in Participants Technology International visit Program Scanning Pathfinder Stoke the Stoke-on-Trent, in Project England. John F. Munro, Federal Munro, F. John Administration, Highway on a session at speaks Research International 2009 the at Collaboration Meeting. Annual TRB By (continued on page 48) Organized, centralized, and institutionally driven institutionally and centralized, Organized, Foreign Foreign investments by national programs. 1. 2. Models for International Collaboration col- international of models six identifies report The laboration in transport and research technological development: collaborative research and technological development. and technological research collaborative iden- by collaboration the direct entities Government tifying the objectives, strategic goals, and agenda. The governments provide the means for accom- plishing the agenda. The Research Joint Transport Co-opera- Economic for Organisation the of Center Trans- International the and Development and tion model. this of example an is Forum port hiring foreign researchers, and research development programs technological national and rates costly less transportthrough resources optimize can talent. of pool the expand can Transnational research networks to build con- build to networks research Transnational An organizational structure or procedures for or procedures structure An organizational results; evaluate to way defined clearly A A link, functioning seamless communication A clear pattern for the distribution of benefits of distribution the for pattern clear A An agreement about the initial sources of funds of sources initial the about agreement An An inclusive, participatory decision-making The inclusion and involvement of stakeholders; of involvement and inclusion The advocates, or champions, of participation The u u u u u u u u u 1. Ad hoc and between informal collaborations 2. rela- of special advantage taking Partnerships organi- umbrella between 3.partnerships Formal 4. Newly formed lead organizations for joint 5. International mechanisms that encourage Despite several successful examples, collabora- Finding the drivers to make the frameworks oper- frameworks the make to drivers the Finding have proved to be myths—that is, despite expecta- is, to despite be have proved myths—that they tions, did in an not interna- produce increase tional collaborative projects. These myths include Structures and Drivers Structures be can collaboration for structures institutional The follows: as classified individuals; cooperating the between arrangements or tionships organizations; research members; many representing zations sources; private or public from funding and research and policy and topics particular in cooperation research areas. nections, create communities of practice, and facili- and practice, of communities create nections, tate the strategic convergence of individual interests. and collective the management and operation of the partnership; partnership; the of operation and management the research the coordinate to horizontally, and vertically and partners; among the partners; the among and about how the partnership will sustain itself; sustain will partnership the how about and process that establishes all partners as owners of the of owners as partners all establishes that process with a process, stake in the of success the partnership; who are critical in ensuring the successful launch of launch successful the ensuring in critical are who barriers; of elimination the and partnership the the Internet, national interests, geographical prox- the geographical national interests, Internet, relations. historical and imity, for for international research collaboration, however, tive research and technological innovation on an international scale require enabling frameworks. The frameworks. enabling require scale international governments on rely always not should frameworks fund- private include must but sector public or the processes. market-approved and ing drivers expected Several important. is viable ationally 46 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 T through information and personnel exchange agreements: international organizations for joint research programs and with partnershipsthrough community research portation developedstrong connections withthe international trans- The Second Strategic Highway Research ProgramStrategic (SHRP Highway Research2) has behavior of pavements. developinginlyzinginsightspavementthe andintodata; nance, and rehabilitation; in collecting,mainte- design, research,processing, pavement in andengaged ana- are who technicalprofessionalsglobeintereststheofaround from the addressforums Infrastructures.these Presentationsat TransportInternationalConferenceon 2nd the of part as ing; the second is scheduled for August 4 in São Washington,Paulo, Brazil, D.C., immediately beforein theJanuary9 place meetingtookrecent TRB a 2010:Annualin forums Meet- performance data analysis methods. DAWG has offered two Working Group (DAWG)Analysis facilitates Data TRB a the discussion forums, of international pavement its Through Data Analysis Working Group India. Safety,RoadFindingstoScansessionKey onafroma and an International Participants’ Reception, a session on Global ings, and events at the 2010 TRB Annual Meeting, including cosponsoredmorethan dozena sessions, committee meet- JorgeProzzi,A. University Texasof Austin,at sponsored or secretary. The Internationalinternational Activitiesthe committee,as serves chairedArizona, by of University bloom, wide.Atthe TRB Executive Committee level, Sandra Rosen- abroad and assists in disseminating the research results world- u munity, TRB facilitates transportation research efforts research transportationfacilitates TRBmunity, o serve the internationalthetransportationserve researchcom- o In April 2008, SHRP 2 signed a memorandum of under- Engagingthe International Research Community Program. Highway Research TRB’s Second Strategic between KICTEP and understanding sign a memorandum of D.C. in April 2008 to visited Washington, and Planning (KICTEP), Technology Evaluation Transportation Construction and Institute of President, Korea Chang-se Kim, ouetto (TD Database (ITRD) Documentation JointTransport Research CentremanagedandTransport at exchanging records. Produced in conjunction with the OECD research. naturalisticsonnel—particularlyanddrivingsafety road in interactionageexchange theinformationandof per- and and the Swedish Road Administration (Vagverket)Innovation(VINNOVA) forGovernmentalto SwedishAgency encour- ralistic driving study advisory board. fessionals to the SHRP 2 team in Washington, D.C. driving study in conjunction with the SHRP 2 research effort. port networks. Transport Research Committee Forum to study the Transportreliability of surface trans- (OECD)–International ment Joint Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop- ver, Canada, convened through a SHRP 2 partnership with the 2011 in Brussels, Belgium, and Washington, D.C.,more respectively.symposia on long-life bridges areTwo Washington,D.C.planned in and Slovenia forin testingstructive2010 and nonde- onsymposia jointLaboratoriesResearchheld way the nondestructive testing of tunnel linings. Road Administration to field-test SHRP 2 research results on mation on initiatives of mutual interest. and Technology Evaluation and Planning to exchange infor- ConstructionInstituteKoreanofthestanding with (MOU) Services (TRIS) Database 1970s,SincetheTRB’s Transportation ResearchInformation Database Exchanges 2 1 www.itrd.org. http://tris.trb.org. u u u u u u u n coe 20, HP sge a MU ih the with MOU an signed 2 SHRP 2008, October In SHRP 2 is a member of the European PROLOGUE natu- Canadaand the Netherlands have loaned visiting pro- In 2010 and 2011, Canada will undertake a naturalistic In October 2009, an international workshop in Vancou- In 2008, SHRP 2 and the Federation of European High- In January 2010, SHRP 2 signed an MOU with the Finnish 1 and International Transport Research 2 Meeting. the 2008 TRB Annual Texas at Austin, speaks at Jorge Prozzi, University of ae oprtd by cooperated have TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 47 ) center ) is a visiting professional visiting a is ) right Martine Micozzi, 202-334-3177, mmicozzi@ 202-334-3177, Micozzi, Martine nas.edu. [email protected]. gram: Nanda Srinivasan, 202-334-1896, Hana FHWA, Maier, [email protected]; [email protected]. 202-366-6003, TRB International Activities Committee: DAWG: A. Robert Raab, 202-334-2569, [email protected]. Post, Barbara TRIS: International Technology Scanning Pro- u u u u Team members in the International Technology International the in members Team the at simulator driving a test Program Scanning Centre, Research Accident University Monash were study this of findings The 2008. in Australia, and Safety “Improving report, the in released and Australia in Users Road Older for Mobility Japan.” ) and SHRP 2 consultant Andrew Horosko ( Horosko Andrew consultant 2 SHRP and ) Contacts left Outdoor Advertising Control: Best Practices, Policy, and Policy, Practices, Best Control: Advertising Outdoor Understanding the Policy and Program Structure of Per- the Improve to Practices Design Geometric Flexible Mitigate to Countermeasures Infrastructure Successful u u u u Implementation, March 11–28, in Sweden, the United King- United the Sweden, in 11–28, Implementation, March Australia. and Netherlands, the dom, Programs, April Corridor Freight International and National Poland, 2, 16–May Germany, in the Belgium, Netherlands, Hungary. and deter- be to locations June, Facilities, Freeway of formance mined. determined. be to locations September, Fatalities, Motorcycle from the Netherlands. the from Visiting professional Ralph Hessian ( Hessian Ralph professional Visiting bring Canadian perspectives to TRB projects. Hans van Saan ( Saan van Hans projects. TRB to perspectives Canadian bring as well through commercial vendors. commercial through well as 3 TRB participates in TRB the participates ITRD Opera- http://trisworld.trb.org.

3 Technology Scans Technology conducted Program, Scanning Technology International The coopera- in (FHWA) Administration Highway Federal the by of and State Highway tion Association with the American High- Cooperative National the and Officials Transportation in planned tours scanning four has Program, Research way 2010: Research Library, Limited, in United the Limited, Library, Research ITRD Kingdom, is a world- cooperative trans- on information of database wide portation, comprising institu- contributed research published records tions from 25 of Record countries. inputs languages—Eng- four of one in made are a Spanish—and or German, French, lish, index to used is thesaurus four-language database. the for publications the tions and Committee works with ITRD to trans- access on improving members TRIS The worldwide. research portation database, which now contains almost 750,000 records, is one of the largest contributors to transportation ITRD. U.S.-published of records TRIS supplies research made available to member and countries These to the records. public through vendors, commercial English-language with TRIS supplies ITRD and records and the TRIS Database are now available to TRB TRISWorld, on sponsors

P : F : H A HOTO EDERAL IGHWAY DMINISTRATION 48 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 research. nationalcollaborative iscriticala issue for inter- networks;access tothese es,and computer-linked includelibraries, databas- infrastructures,which considers“soft research” ECTRIWorking Group 4 and Financing tionallevelfostercan efforts breakthroughsand by interna- the at financing andresearch governance market for researchers. labor single a and governance; of structures tiple regions; a diversified research infrastructure advancedcoordinationlessandadvanced betweenand mul- idn cmo gon ad optblt in compatibility and ground common Finding Research Governance from45) (continued page focus on regional issues and challenges; efficient challenges; and issues regional on focus stakeholders;involvescountriesmanymanyand a that have similar responsibilities. organizations and agencies between relationships information. of exchanges establishesexchangeTwinningthatofmethod a is informal and mal lished at the state and national levels can create for- Internationaltechnology exchange programs estab- cnig rgas rvd a ou fr the information. for advanced forum of adoption and a adaptation, exchange, provide programs scanning information-seekingtechnical delegation. practicesinvolving moreorone hostcountries anand management level. the at identifiedaredirections strategic and level, investigatorindividual the at identifiedare Needs commonmanagemententitiesmentausing structure. tices. come together to share ideas and exchange best prac- collaboration. The vision of effective international collaboration 6. 5. 4. 3. International information exchange programs. exchange information International Informationexchangestechnologies on bestand Distributed collaboration among several govern- Spontaneous,researcher-to-researcherdynamic, Researchers from several countries several from Researchers Technology the following: overcoming current barriers. Possible efforts include agreements. consider joint ventures, partnerships, and marketing research.shouldPartiesthe duringprovided vices some in instances, all; opportunities to may arise as a result of available ser- be must opportunities marketadvantages alltoparties—that is,beneficial issues must be addressed through a concerted effort. results. propertyrights andtheimplementation researchof evaluating research results; and and monitoring international research projects; commitment of research funds; grams; researchspecific,commonpro-fund to finance of international research bids; can lead to successful cross-cultural collaboration. sensitivity and competency Cultural interactions. positive of establishment the and understanding mutual involves collaboration because technique, tainability.Communication across cultureskey a is well as global issues, such as climate change and sus- cation should target governance and management, as scientistsingendeavors. arekey Training edu-and strengthening of the collaborative capacity of work- training,and involvement of new scientists and the entists across borders. Enabling policies must allow for the mobility of sci- conflicting approaches to and intellectualcosts prohibitive involve propertythat cooperation rights.to Anexecutive-level approach candismantle barriers lish incentives to stimulate funding for cooperation. role of in fostering innovations. conduct Policies also can the estab- for research, and to take into frameworks consideration the market’s common and about intellectual property rights, to create standards ration requires national policies to alleviate concerns drivers for international collaboration: In its report, Working Group 10 recommends severalRoad toSuccessfulCollaboration Privately funded collaboration must present clear To achieve a collaborative environment, each of these u u u u u u u u Establishing common rules for intellectual for rules common Establishing proceduresforacceptablecommonly Setting Finding common procedures for administering Developing shared rules for the allocation and Finding ways to combine international sources of evaluation and issuance the Facilitating Mobilizing human capital. capital. human Mobilizing Creatingpolicies.enabling Successfulcollabo- The recruitment, The TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 49 Corapporteur Cochair The full report is posted is report full The http://online at online pubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/ general/EU-USResearch. http://www. at and pdf ectri.org/. TRB-ECTRI Working Group 10 on on 10 Group Working TRB-ECTRI EU-U.S. Transport Research Collaboration Research Transport EU-U.S. The The development of a professional certifica- Transfer, Transfer, New York State Department of Corapporteur Transportation (DOT), Corapporteur Cochair u The globalization of transport research can pro- research of transport The globalization O. O. A. (Sam) Elrahman,* Head, Research and Coordination Technology Jean-Pierre Médevielle,* Deputy Director DOT, General, U.S. INRETS, Administration, France,Highway Federal Munro,* F. John Spain CEDEX, Aparicio, Angel DOT U.S. Administration, Highway Federal Elston, Debra Bank World Plessis-Fraissard,* Maryvonne Germany DLR, Lenz,* Barbara Finland VTT, Leviakangas,* Pekka DOT California Lum, Wesley TRB Micozzi, Martine Kingdom United TRL, Paulley,* Neil Georgios A. Giannopoulos,* Head, Hellenic Institute of Transport, Greece, Transport, of Institute Hellenic Head, Giannopoulos,* A. Georgios Technology, of Institute Georgia Meyer, D. Michael * Main authors of the final report. Associated with WG10 for shorter periods: Caroline Almeras, ECTRI Sec- ECTRI Almeras, Caroline periods: shorter for WG10 with Associated Albert France; INRETS, Chairman, ECTRI Bourgeois, Guy France; retariat, Compte, CEDEX, Spain; John Federal Highway Administration, Halkias, CDV, Mikulik, Josef of Minnesota; University McGinnis, Laurie POLITO, DOT; U.S. Pronello, Cristina Poland; CNTK, Olpinski, Witold Republic; Czech Italy; Jorge Prozzi, University of Texas, Austin, and TRB International Activities Committee Chair; Alex University Skabardonis, of California, and Germany; DLR, Secretary-General, ECTRI Wurzel, Dietmar Berkeley; Michigan. of University Zielinski, Suzan research managers who are trained in strategic and in strategic trained who are managers research operational research governance, preferably at acad- an training supervised and funded internationally and emy; Substantial Benefits must interested are that administrations Government to goals these toward and consistently closely work cooper- research for environment productive a build inter- of for The ation. will benefits all result be substantial furtherance the as well as involved, countries development. and cooperation global and national duce a more closely intertwined cooperation among cooperation intertwined closely more a duce and communities transport can help in taking full advantage of all the other economic and develop- the of sectors all in globalization of benefits mental economy. tion for international research work. research international for tion Work- Decisions at the leadership level will result in result will level leadership the at Decisions The development of research administrators or administrators research of development The Exchanges at the doctorate and postdoctorate and doctorate the at Exchanges Commonly acceptable procedures for the eval- the for procedures acceptable Commonly rights property intellectual for rules Common Common rules for the allocation and commit- and allocation the for rules Common pro- monitoring and administration Common Ways to merge international sources of finance of sources international merge to Ways Intergovernmental decisions to facilitate inter- facilitate to decisions Intergovernmental Improving data management and sharing. Systematically addressing the barriers. Building collaboration mechanisms and joint pro- joint and mechanisms collaboration Building u u u u u u u u u u u entists in internationally oriented transport research; transport oriented internationally in entists Three Three initiatives are recommended in the critical training: and education of areas Education and Training Education and Training Laying the Groundwork Laying the Groundwork Preparations for joint programming and funding following: the entail would levels to train and educate the new generation of sci- of generation new the educate and train to levels uation of research results; and results; research of uation findings. research of implementation the and ment of research funding; research of ment projects; research international for cedures to fund specific research programs; research specific fund to national calls for research and the evaluation of the of evaluation the and research for calls national responses; Improved data management and sharing is essential is sharing and management data Improved Develop- collaboration. international successful for shar- and management data for infrastructure the ing ing is imperative. Free accessinfrastructures—for example, to libraries softandshared Creating data- address. research to issue critical a bases—is facili- would documentation technical for standards tate collaboration, as would the establishment of practices. common ing systematically to develop and the foster overcome will policies cooperation for mechanisms and major barriers to international transport research collaboration. grams. grams. on rely that barriers that reduce processes goals, defined clearly partnerships fair and synergy, enhance and this Eventually institutions. and champions credible for calls shared with programming, joint to lead will case Successful programs. work shared and proposals At the same examples. can as serve guiding studies in researchers bring can networks professional time, cre- contact and with networks each these other of across capacity national the borders. Strengthening to ating new mechanisms cultivate and productive recommended. are collaboration CALENDAR

May 8–10 Joint Conference of Harbor September Safety Committees and Area 19–20 Toward Better Freight Maritime Security 4 Pavement Performance Data Transportation Data: A Committees* Analysis Forum Research Road Map Jersey City, New Jersey São Paulo, Brazil Irvine, California A. Robert Raab 8, 10 FEHRL–SHRP 2 Joint 19–21 4th International Conference Symposium on Long-Lived 15–17 International Conference on on Transportation Finance: Bridges Sustainable Concrete Forging a Sustainable Brussels, Belgium Pavement Technologies: Future—Now Practice, Challenges, and New Orleans, Louisiana 21–24 North American Travel Directions* Monitoring Exposition and Sacramento, California 30– Safety and Mobility of Conference (NATMEC): June 2 Vulnerable Road Users: Improving Traffic Data 22–24 10th National Conference on Pedestrians, Motorcyclists, Collection, Analysis, and Use Transportation Planning for and Bicyclists* Seattle, Washington Small and Medium-Sized Jerusalem, Israel Thomas Palmerlee Communities: Tools of Richard Pain the Trade 29– Transforming the Marine Williamsburg, Virginia June July 1 Transportation System: A Vision for Research 22–24 Symposium on Mineral 2–4 National Road Pricing and Development* Aggregates in Transportation Conference* Irvine, California Charleston, South Carolina Houston, Texas Joedy Cambridge October 2–4 TRANSED 2010: 12th July International Conference on 10–13 9th National Conference on Mobility and Transport for 11–14 TRB Joint Summer Meeting Access Management* Elderly and Disabled People* Minneapolis, Minnesota Natchez, Mississippi Hong Kong, China 11–14 49th Annual Workshop on 11–13 European Transport 2–5 4th International Symposium Transportation Law Conference* on Highway Geometric Newport, Rhode Island Glasgow, Scotland Design* Valencia, Spain 11–15 5th International Conference 18–19 Transportation Systems for on Bridge Maintenance, Livable Communities 3–5 GeoShanghai 2010 Safety, and Management* Conference International Conference* Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Washington, D.C. Shanghai, China August 24–27 19th National Rural Public 6–10 Environment and Energy and Intercity Bus Research Conference* 23 Asset Management in a Transportation Conference Raleigh, North Carolina World of Dirt* Burlington, Vermont Oklahoma City, Oklahoma G. P. Jayaprakash 24–29 Pavement Evaluation 2010* Roanoke, Virginia

Additional information on TRB meetings, including calls for abstracts, meeting registration, and hotel reservations, is available at www.TRB.org/calendar. To reach the TRB staff contacts, telephone 202-334-2934, fax 202-334-2003, or e-mail [email protected]. Meetings listed without a TRB staff contact have direct links from the TRB calendar web page.

TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 *TRB is cosponsor of the meeting. 50 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 51 —fewer —abutments —placing the abut- —placing , , which can affect users—perhaps the pri- Reduced environmental impacts environmental Reduced costs construction Lower A more schedule rapid construction Elimination of costly future maintenance u u u u Nonetheless, VTrans engineers often have strug- have often engineers VTrans Nonetheless, The 37-meter-long East Montpelier Bridge is part of part is Bridge Montpelier East 37-meter-long The for guidelines design establish to research ongoing bridges. abutment integral farther from the stream banks minimize the effects minimize banks the from stream farther allows superstructure longer a and water stream on passages; wildlife for below room more eliminates often stream the from away farther ments construction; cofferdam for need the and driven; be to need piles repairs joints expansion for need the Without benefit. mary time-sensitive and complicated, costly, bearings, and eliminated. are activities maintenance joint- of design the approach to best how with gled less bridges, because no available, and quantitative the American spe- Association datano offers of Officials State are Transportation and Highway With- design. abutment integral for guidelines cific out of benefits the fully specifications, and plans construction developed designrealized. fully be not may bridges jointless guidelines and ointless bridges—often referred to as integral as to referred bridges—often ointless abutment bridges—have a superstructure that superstructure a bridges—have abutment elim- substructure, the with integrally cast is bearings. and joints expansion costly inating P AY S O F F J Problem in bridges jointless several has constructed VTrans advan- more structures the finding years, 10 past the tageous than conventional abutment bridges. The or one include often bridges jointless of advantages following: the of more Jointless Bridge Research Bridge Jointless for Dividends Pays Vermont CHAD A. ALLEN The Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) had (VTrans) Transportation of Agency Vermont but The 1970s, late the since designs bridge jointless used in 1999, the agency formed an Integral Abutment (IAC) to analytical, Committee a codify measured, and approach to multidisciplinary jointless bridge design and Soils The construction. committee included Structures, Hydraulics, the from representatives and Foundations, the Contractfrom as well Administration,as VTrans, of and sections Construction Administration. Highway Federal R E S E A R C H The curved-girder, two- curved-girder, The structure continuous span total a has Stockbridge in meters. 69 of length The author is a Geotechnical Engineer Agency for the Vermont of Transportation, Montpelier. 52 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 and ( of inclinometer casing structure: ( tures of the Stockbridge Two instrumentation fea- cell. right ) earth pressure left ) top view TABLE 1EstimatedConstructionSavingsforPhase III IntegralAbutmentBridges gained from the research to develop design guide-designdevelopresearch tothe from gained plan. The total cost of Phases I and II was $64,267. instrumentationdevelopmentsearchanthe ofand literature formal a included 2002, in Associates PhasesandII,Icompleted Wiss,by Janney, Elstner reliable, and low-maintenance structures. to design and construct cost-effective, efficient, safe, engineers with the knowledge and quantitative VTransdata provide to were objectives research mary to dead and live loads in a northern climate. The pri- jointless bridges respond to thermal movements and howthoroughunderstandingofa gain toBridges, research project, Performance Monitoring of Jointless moreover, the safety factors may be undetermined. not represent the most economical or efficientdrawback design;tothis approach isthat thestructure may selectedwereoftensimply“becausework.”A they being formed, found thatdesigns of jointlesswas bridgesIAC the when conductedsearch, literature A Solution c b a Savingsfrom project bid Totalsavings Excavation Granularbackfill Steelpiling Substructureconcrete and reinforcing Cofferdamconstruction Savingsby category: Totalproject cost, as bid Excavationsavings are included in the cofferdam construction savings, noted above. Conventionalabutment did not require a cofferdam. Conventionalabutment would have utilized a spread footing foundation. VTransknowledgeinformationandtheapplied phases. three comprises project research The a initiated VTrans IAC, the from input With atMnple tcbig Middlesex Stockbridge Montpelier East 23997$,5,7 $2,254,458 $4,155,879 $2,369,907 $22,000 $25,000 $397,000 $250,000 $100,000 16.8% ——- tures at VTrans. abutmentbridges havebecome thepreferred struc- application of the Phase I research findings, integral design developed from abutment the Phaseintegral for I research. procedures and With guidelines the the foundation for future revisions of the design the of revisions future for foundation the of $558,341. The new research findings will serve as and completed in February 2013, be reduction, with shouldan estimatedIII costPhase report. and final a of preparation analysis data mentation, instru- of monitoring and installation plans, tion includesmodifications to the Phase II instrumenta- research.researchIIIThescopePhase the ducting con- Massachusetts–Amherstis of University The Application riences and field performance. reflect qualitative assessments of construction expe- and construction specifications have been revised to abutment bridges since 2002. The design guidelines severaldocumentsbuildtheseintegralusedtohas lines, contract plans, and specifications. The agency c The2010 VTrans 2,0 $40,000 $20,000 3,0 $35,000 $33,000 $310,000 8100$215,000 $821,000 $140,000 $308,000 $150,000 19.8% StructuresManual ——- ——- 9.5% b a willinclude TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 53 ) close ) left ) installed on installed ) right Strain gauges ( gauges Strain up and ( and up Middlesex for H-piles Bridge. : Appreciation is expressed to Stephen to expressed is Appreciation : OTE N S ’ VTrans engineers therefore calculated the project the calculated therefore engineers VTrans total 1 Table in shown savings construction The When Phase III is completed in 2013, the final Quality Allen, A. Chad contact information, more For DITOR Suggestions Suggestions for Pays “Research Off” topics are welcome. Board, Research Transportation Jayaprakash, P. G. Contact Keck 488, DC 500 Washington, Fifth 20001 Street, NW, [email protected]). (202-334-2952; Maher and G. for Board, in this their efforts Research developing P. Jayaprakash, Transportation article. cost savings by comparing the estimated costs for con- for costs estimated the comparing by savings cost Phase three the on abutments conventional structing abutments. integral the for costs the with bridges III the and costs reported estimated the are between differences The categories five in costs construction actual the from in 1 Table (page 52). costs The data do not the include maintenance and construction reduced there- and joints; bearings of expensive elimination a only reflect savings project-related the direct fore, savings. cost the of portion than twice than $1.4 the million—more cost more of the entire Performance Monitoring of Jointless Bridges research project. The savings are directly attributable to the application findings. research of the Phase I research report from the University of Massachu- setts will document the results of the field moni- validate to used be will report The program. toring current VTrans jointless bridge design practices,each for developed models element finite 3-D using con- VTrans to changes recommend will and bridge, struction plans and specifications. Materials of Transportation, Agency Vermont Engineer, Montpelier, Drive, Life National 1 Section, Research and [email protected]. 802-828-6924; 05633; VT E Tangible economic benefits include reductions in reductions include benefits economic Tangible Indirect benefits include savings from a more The Phase III research involves three bridges: The a three bridges: involves Phase III research The primary benefit expected from this research is from this The research expected benefit primary the of development design from standards a com- producing data, performance of analysis prehensive iden- as well as efficiency, maximize can that designs tify and mitigate known risks. Ancillary benefits and details specifica- construction refining include tions to avoid unnecessary claims related to these structures. construc- The costs. construction and maintenance cofferdams eliminating from result savings cost tion in steel reinforcing and concrete less using from and the substructure and superstructure. The that integral than less is that height typical a have abutments of quantity the reducing abutment, conventional a of inte- In addition, materials. backfill and excavation than support for piles fewer require abutments gral abutments. conventional do user rapid construction schedule, which decreases costs; impacts—for fewer example, environmental less sediment pollution of streams;access and better under the bridgebecause the structures forare longer. Preserving the wildlife passage,environment is a key task mission; in the agency’s however, the cost savings from the reduction in not easily quantified. impacts are environmental Benefits guidelines for integral abutment bridges. abutment integral for guidelines a Middlesex; in span 43-meter a with bridge straight Mont- East in skew 15° a with bridge 37-meter-long pelier; and a curved-girder, two-span length continuous total a and curvature of 11.25° with structure of 69 meters pressure earth gages, strain girder and in pile includes Stockbridge. Instrumentation tilt- inclinometers, transducers, displacement cells, thermisters. and meters, Crack meters in reference pile enclosures measure the measure enclosures pile reference in meters Crack longitudinal and lateral displacements on East Mont- East on displacements lateral and longitudinal pelier Bridge. pelier PROFILES ......

Karla Karash TranSystems

s an undergraduate studying civil engineering at the MBTA’s paratransit service—and of the state vanpool program. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Karla Brand encouraged participation in TRB activities, recalls Karash developed an interest in transportation plan- Karash: “He told us that we could attend other conferences, but ning, cultivated by teachers such as Joseph Sussman our first priority had to be TRB meetings. Part of the excitement Aand Alan Altshuler. When she received a master’s degree in of my early career was getting involved in TRB activities, soak- 1970, however, the United States was in the midst of a recession; ing up information from paper presentations and committee Karash went to work as a computer programmer for the Mass- meetings, and meeting many of the giants in the field.” achusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) instead. While completing her doctorate in civil engineering at MIT, “Fortunately, this was the time of the Boston Transportation Karash worked for or took courses from transportation research Planning Review—a major restudy of highway and transit plans leaders such as Michael Meyer, Nigel Wilson, Moshe Benekiva, in the Boston region,” notes Karash. Loaned to the restudy con- and Steve Lerman. In her dissertation, presented in 1983, she sultant team by MBTA, Karash spent long hours at a commer- combined transportation and market research to study the cial computer center, submitting jobs on punch cards to execute impacts of transportation programs on Boston’s retail area. She the four-step travel demand forecasting process. She also advo- later served as a visiting lecturer on market research at the MIT cated for better transportation for an emerging group of senior Sloan School of Business. In 1983 Karash joined MBTA as deputy director of operations, assisting with the opening of the Red Line rail extension “Making the to Alewife, considerable expansion of The Ride, an expansion of personnel training to enhance transit security, an increase in connections between commuter boat service, and the implementation of computer- modes work is one ized scheduling service. Karash rejoined MultiSystems (now TranSystems) in 1995, key to a great public and is now a principal and senior vice president. Her recent work includes the development of a strategic transit master plan transportation for the Nashville, Tennessee, metropolitan region; a plan for system.” transit service improvements in Hartford, Connecticut; and a plan for improvements to Hartford’s historic Union Station. “I am glad for the opportunity to work for a full-service trans- citizens and persons with disabilities. In 1973, she joined Engi- portation firm like TranSystems, as it gives me access to experts neering Computer International, which later became Multisys- in other modes of transportation. Making the connections tems, and still later, TranSystems; she got her start in public between modes work is one key to a great public transportation transportation by designing a bus system for the city of Pittsfield, system,” Karash notes. Massachusetts. After serving several times as a Transit Cooperative Research Karash then became project manager for Transporting the Program (TCRP) project panelist and as a principal investiga- Handicapped and Elderly of Massachusetts (THEM), a private, tor, Karash observes that TCRP has worked wonders for the nonprofit group in Massachusetts that sponsored services for industry: “Now we have access to tools that help us understand senior citizens and persons with disabilities. With federal grants customer satisfaction, how transit and land-use decisions affect from the Administration on Aging, THEM planned and funded each other, how to make transit safer, what increases ridership, many transit and paratransit services through collaborations and more. I use these tools constantly in advising clients.” with regional planning agencies. Later, services were taken over At TRB, Karash has chaired the Public Transportation Group by the newly formed Regional Transit Authorities. and the Transit Marketing and Fare Policy Committee; from In 1974, Karash joined the Massachusetts Executive Office 2007 to 2010, she was a member of the Technical Activities of Transportation and Construction—now the Massachusetts Council. Her published papers include “Exploring Market Sup- Department of Transportation—under Altshuler, who was the port for New Products and Services for Transit and Walking: commonwealth’s Secretary of Transportation from 1971 to 1975. New Market Research Approach” with Matthew A. Coogan and After 1975, Karash continued to serve Secretary Fred Salvucci Thomas Adler, 2007; “An Application of the Lens Model in and Undersecretary Daniel Brand as an assistant secretary, in Measuring Retail Attractiveness and the Effects of Alternative what she describes as “the job of a lifetime.” She oversaw the for- Public and Private Policies on a Retail Area,” 1985; and “MBTA

TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 mation and policy development of most of the Massachusetts Red Line Extension Operating Plan” with Alan H. Castaline 54 Regional Transit Authorities and the launch of The Ride—the and William G. Stead, 1985. PROFILES ......

Cesar Queiroz Consultant

n 2006, after two decades as the highways adviser and in Janeiro and managed projects such as the World Bank–financed other senior positions with the World Bank, Cesar Queiroz implementation of a nationwide pavement management and began working as an international consultant on roads and monitoring system; a comprehensive study of vehicle and axle transportation infrastructure, an assignment that has loads in Brazil; and, with the University of São Paulo, the devel- Itaken him to more than 15 countries. His areas of expertise opment of a linear displacement integrator, which is now used include highway public–private partnerships, road management to measure road and airport runway roughness. In 1982, he and development, public expenditure optimization, pavement directed the International Road Roughness Experiment, a joint design and evaluation, port reform and rehabilitation, perfor- effort of Brazil, France, the United Kingdom, the World Bank, mance-based contracts, governance improvement, and quality and the University of Michigan; the results included the devel- assurance and evaluation. opment of the international roughness index. A native of Brazil, Queiroz received a bachelor’s degree in civil Queiroz came to Washington, D.C., in 1986 to work for the and electrical engineering from the Federal University of Juiz de World Bank. As highway engineer, Transport Program team Fora in 1967 and a master’s degree in production engineering leader, and highways adviser, Queiroz identified and conducted from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in 1972. As a new transportation and infrastructure projects in nations including college graduate and assistant to the head of the Federal High- Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Estonia, and Latvia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, Queiroz managed a “While a genius like Einstein could do it all $1.05 billion portfolio of World Bank loans to the Russian highway sector. alone and have the results of his research He also led several multidisciplinary disseminated worldwide, mere human overseas missions that integrated disciplines such as transportation beings like most of us can get more impact engineering and economics, the environment, and human resources. from their research by associating with Throughout his career, Queiroz other colleagues and institutions.” has continued to teach. While in college, he worked as a high school physics teacher; he has served as way District (Departamento Nacional de Estradas de Rodagem, guest lecturer at many institutions worldwide since then. He is or DNER) in Resende, Rio de Janeiro, Queiroz supervised the visiting professor at the University of Belgrade and a lecturer in rehabilitation of part of the Rio–São Paulo highway and the the Minerva Program at George Washington University in Wash- design and construction of bridges. He then led the Road Main- ington, D.C. “While a genius like Einstein could do it all alone tenance and Construction District of DNER; he oversaw the and have the results of his research disseminated worldwide, conversion of federal road maintenance for 120 km of roads mere human beings like most of us can get more impact from from a force account to a private-sector contract and the design their research by associating with other colleagues and institu- and construction of 50 km of asphalt overlays, 100 km of tions,” advises Queiroz, who has published two books and more unpaved roads, and an 8-km bypass in Volta Redonda. than 130 papers and articles. As senior road research engineer at the Brazilian Trans- Queiroz’s contributions to transportation development and portation Planning Agency (Grupo Executivo de Integração da research have been recognized with the Brazilian Ministry of Política de Transportes, or GEIPOT) in Brasilia, Queiroz directed Transportation’s Maua Medal in 1984 and a certificate of appre- 2010 MARCH–APRIL 267 NEWS TR the road maintenance and performance studies of a $15 million ciation from the International Road Federation in 1990. He was project sponsored by the Brazilian government, the United elected a member of the Russian Academy of Transport in 1994, Nations Development Programme, and the International Bank and in 2000 received a Performance Award from the World for Reconstruction and Development. He also guided the devel- Bank. His TRB activities have included the steering committees opment of pavement performance prediction models for road for the Eighth and Ninth International Low-Volume Roads Con- management and implemented the rod and level method for cal- ferences (2001–2003 and 2004–2007), the Pavement Manage- ibrating response-type roughness measuring systems. ment Systems Committee (2000–2006), and the Flexible Queiroz received a doctorate in civil engineering from the Pavement Design Committee (1991–1996). From 1988 to 1995 University of Texas at Austin in 1981; that same year, he became he was a member of the Strategic Highway Research Program’s deputy director of the Brazilian Road Research Institute in Rio de Long-Term Pavement Performance Advisory Committee. 55 56 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010

PHOTO: OREGON DOT Portland, Oregon. I-5–I-205 Interchangein power tolightthe Solar panelsprovide NEWS BRIEFS e cpt ta ay te cutyyt Berlin country—yet receives other less sun than Oregon’s any cloudiest location. than capita per installedenergysolarhassystemsmorenewmany sun,” Hamilton admits. She notes, however, that Ger- nearly 19,000 lane miles could supply all of the of all supply could miles lane 19,000 nearly on rights-of-way on less than 1 percent of the state’s pointsestimatesout.She solar thatarraysinstalled Hamilton Oregon,” in resource energy renewable people believe we live in a rainforest, withmosthighway, littlebecausesolar Oregon to the no mention I when laugh sometimes “People sources. energy using the sun to reduce their reliance on traditional afternoticing thatseveral European countries were shipsandAlternative Funding, introduced theidea agerOregonin DOT’s Office Innovativeof Partner- system with renewable energy. with a goal of lighting the state’sconcept,highwaysolar the entireexpand to partnerstransportationits interchangenight.atOregon working isDOT with battery, gathering energy during the day to light the a projectutilityasyear;thegridthe usesper kWh turessolar594panels that produce nearly112,000 metropolitan area. The solar photovoltaic PortlandprojecttheInterstateinterchange busyin a fea-light ProjectDecemberin 2008, applying solar power to I-5–I-205Interchangeunveiledthe Demonstration TransportationDepartmentofOregon (DOT)The the SolarHighway Oregon PowersUp Slr nry s i fc, h ms abundant most the fact, in is, energy “Solar AllisonHamilton, Solar Highway Program man- route via smart phone. when some vehicles are provided with an evacuation models can analyze how the conditionsSRI’s are death. affected and injury of risk the increasing fic, ationroutes quicklycan becomeclogged withtraf- conditions. interactionsextremevehiclesunderactionsandof to produce randomness, the SRI models simulate the lutionaryprogramming, andMonteCarlo methods computationalsociology,evo- systems, multiagent ments of game theory, complex systems, emergence, agent-based modeling techniques that combine ele- technology in mass evacuations of urban areas. Usingway system to study the effectiveness of smart phone simulationmodelsbasedAntonioSan theon high- fic flow and decrease congestion. SRI developed the with smart phones can be modified to improve traf- equipped drivers of behavior the that show (SRI) Institute Research Southwest the by Simulations in EmergencySituations Models SuggestTechnological Aid solarhighway.com. [email protected],www.oregonvisit or 503-986-3438, Snow, M. Shelley contact Highway, Power Association. Business Achievement Award from the Solar Electric Solar2009 AdministrationHighwayFederala and For more information, visit www.swri.org. Whendisastera occurs inanurban area, evacu- o mr ifrain bu te rgn Solar Oregon the about information more For omna Eclec fo the from Excellence ronmental receivedaJudge’s Award for Envi- for power from the grid. energy than it would otherwisesolar the pay for more no pays DOT sector.publicthe Oregon forects ity incentives to finance solar proj- accelerateddepreciation, andutil- Credit, Tax Investment Federal Business Oregon EnergyTax Credit, thepercent30 percent 50 solar business model that uses the Electric(PGE) topioneer utilitya General Portland with working sued a public–private partnership, resources.ablepur- OregonDOT percentrenew- 100 with needs electrical their meeting toward progress significant show to cies annually. kWh million 50 needs—about power system’s transportation The Oregon Solar Highway has Oregon has required state agen- TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 57 —Russian Railways —Russian RUSSIA DEBUTS HIGH-SPEED RAIL HIGH-SPEED DEBUTS RUSSIA inaugurated its high-speed Sapsan train service train Sapsan high-speed its inaugurated 2009. December in Petersburg St. and Moscow between fastest- world’s falcon—the peregrine the for Named 77,000 than more carried service Sapsan bird—the flying an with operation, of month first its in passengers 2,500. around of count passenger daily average the Systems, Transportation Siemens by Produced train electric high-speed series RUS Velaro a is Sapsan 10- The km/h. 250 to up of speeds at travel can and departing daily, times three run trains carriage the in Moscow and Petersburg St. from simultaneously are tickets First-class evening. and afternoon, morning, 3,300.20 are tickets second-class and ($180) rubles 5,300 ($112). rubles For more information on the Sustainable Transport Sustainable the on information more For —Federal police at Düsseldorf International Airport, Germany’s third-largest SAFETY—Federal police at Düsseldorf International Airport, Germany’s FOR AIRPORT SEGWAYS airport, are conducting a trial of Segway human transporters to monitor criminal activity more efficiently airport, are conducting a trial of Segway human transporters to monitor criminal activity inside airport terminal buildings. The Segways allow officers to move quickly—up to 13 miles per hour—and to move quickly—up to 13 miles inside airport terminal buildings. The Segways allow officers add about 8 inches to officers’ heights, creating a stronger security presence in the airport. The vehicles also heights, creating a stronger security presence in the airport. add about 8 inches to officers’ are equipped with driver helmets, flashing lights, sirens, and first-aid kits. The test phase ends in June; if it is are equipped with driver helmets, flashing lights, sirens, and first-aid kits. The test phase successful, police officials will deploy Segways at other transportation facilities, such as train stations. The will deploy Segways at other transportation facilities, such as train successful, police officials vehicles have received a positive response from police officers—the number of officers who wanted to test the who wanted number of officers vehicles have received a positive response from police officers—the Segways was greater than the number of machines available during the test phase. The Institute for Transportation and The Development Institute for Transportation with India, Ahmedabad, of city the presented Policy for the Award suc- the Transport 2010 Sustainable full first India’s of Janmarg, implementation cessful a honors award The system. (BRT) transit rapid bus city that uses pedes- for innovationsaccess safe and mobility traveler in increase transportation to trians and cyclists, while reducing transportation- emissions. gas greenhouse and pollution air related Residents and travelers in Ahmedabadadopted the BRT quicklysystem—a few monthspassengers 18,000 after by used its now is Janmarg opening, stations median central features system The day. per with stations bus and junctions, from away located and naturally stations keeps that design solar passive cool. The inexpensively city of also Ahmedabad is and facilities pedestrian high-quality incorporating days. car-free initiated has and lanes bicycle www.st-award.org. visit Award, INTERNATIONAL GarnersBus System Sustainable for India Honor Transportation TRB HIGHLIGHTS

TRB Tapped for Study on the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Unintended Acceleration (NHTSA) to use regulations, research, and postmar- Responding to concerns of unexplained acceleration ket investigations of defects to ensure the safety of in automobiles, Transportation Secretary Ray electronic throttle control and of other electronic LaHood announced in March that the U.S. Depart- systems in motor vehicles. ment of Transportation will sponsor an industrywide LaHood also has initiated a separate, shorter study investigation of unintended acceleration and elec- to examine unintended acceleration in Toyota vehi- tronic vehicle controls, to be conducted by the cles. Engineers from the National Aeronautics and National Research Council’s Transportation Research Space Administration with expertise in computer- Board and Division on Engineering and Physical Sci- controlled electronic systems will conduct the ences. NHTSA-commissioned probe. The study is expected Experts selected to participate in the 15-month to be completed by the end of this summer. study will review automotive industry and govern- The cost of the two studies is approximately $3 ment efforts to identify causes of unintended accel- million, which includes the purchase of cars that eration, with a focus on electronic control systems. have allegedly experienced unintended acceleration. The study also will consider human error, mechani- Both inquiries will be peer-reviewed. cal failure, and possible sources of electronic inter- For more information contact Maureen O’Leary, ference with control systems. National Academies Office of News and Public Infor- The expert committee will recommend ways for mation, [email protected] or 202-334-3875.

COORDINATING AIRPORT RESEARCH—(Left to right:) Gina Marie Lindsey, Los Angeles World Airports; Paula Hochstetler, Airport Consultants Council; and Lourdes Maurice, Federal Aviation Administration, discuss Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) projects for the coming year at the ACRP Oversight Committee meeting, January 29 at The National Academies’ Keck Center in Washington, D.C. ACRP anticipates a budget of $15 million for fiscal year 2010.

INNOVATION DEMONSTRATION—Rob Ayers, Ayers Electronic Systems, LLC, demonstrates a transit communications interface profiles (TCIP)–based passenger information and vehicle tracking system to the members of the Transit Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) panel, February 17 at the Keck Center. The system converts proprietary vehicle tracking data to TCIP, merges the tracking data with a TCIP-based automatic vehicle locator, and uses the data to provide information to passengers via electronic display. The Transit IDEA project is being field-tested at the central bus station of the LYNX transit system in Orlando, Florida. The screen shows up-to-date bus schedules, with space below the timetable display for video advertisements and

TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 emergency information. 58 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 59 For Wolman, research also provided an impe- an provided also research Wolman, For The The text is a work in seminal the of study geo- addressed Wolman research, his In morphology. the central problem of whether river channels by or flows, regular smaller, by more shaped are storms. from flooding as such events rare severe, most the are flows regular the that determined He instrumental in creek bed formation—results the- river of modern basis the formed have that ory. tus to He to action. his applied water expertise he report a 1960s, the in and efforts, stewardship how construction from runoff wrote—showing sedi- with streams clogged Maryland in projects In 1988, Wolman was elected to the National Academy of Academy National the to elected was Wolman 1988, In any offending without issue an of heart the to right got “He Aside from his geological work, Wolman was a self- ment—led to state regulations. He was a strong advocate for advocate He a was strong regulations. to state ment—led headed 2008 to 2003 from and watershed, Bay Chesapeake the Protection and Management the on Committee Advisory the Mary- depleted drought a after Resources, Water State’s the of reservoirs. land’s Engineer- of Academy National the to 2002, in and Sciences, Execu- TRB the of member a was he 2003, to 2000 From ing. tive Committee and of was a of Wolman the recipient Oversight. Council Research the Subcommittee for National Benjamin Franklin Medal in Earth and Sci- Environmental Pen- (GSA) America’s of Society Geological the 2006, in ence rose Medal, and the Horton American Union’s Geophysical Medal. He was a past of president GSA and served the U.S. Institute International the for Organization Member National Analysis. Systems Applied for Wil- of Millerd Frank recalls views,” different have very might who also was “He Ontario. Waterloo, in University Laurier frid humble.” each Fair State Maryland the to went who nut” and “cow Elaine, described wife, his by survived is He livestock. the see to year children. four Ta coauthored “Building Freight Transportation Freight “Building coauthored Ta alert the Metro station manager of the accident. The accident. the of manager station Metro the alert operations Metrorail the contacted manager station stopped and rail third the to power cut which center, the driver of a train bound for Shady Grove from the took personnel Emergency station. the entering hospital. a to woman of Departments State for Actions Resilience: System and Goodchild Anne Professor with Transportation,” Depart- State A. of Ivanov Barbara the Washington at presented was paper the of Transportation; ment Eco- Transportation Freight on session 11 January a Logistics. and Planning, nomics, M. Gordon (Reds) at the 2003 TRB Wolman Annual Meeting. Fluvial Processes in Geo- in Processes Fluvial with with colleagues Luna Leopold and John Miller. Known as Reds for his red hair, Wolman grew up in Balti- in up grew Wolman hair, red his for Reds as Known “He was one of a kind—a compassionate eccentric with a with eccentric compassionate a kind—a of one was “He 1951 and received a PhD in geology from Harvard University Harvard from geology in PhD a received and 1951 he a as professor; 1958 in JHU to returned Wolman 1953. in worked alongside his father at JHU until Abel Wolman’s death Wolman’s Abel until JHU at father his alongside worked published Wolman 1964, In 1989. in geology. He began working for the U.S. Geological Survey in Survey Geological U.S. the for working He began geology. without without unnecessary remembers circumspection,” Geoffrey at Urbana–Champaign, of Illinois of the Hewings University Council Research on the served National who Wolman with Committee (NRC)–appointed on the St. Lawrence Seaway: morphology Options to Eliminate Introduction of Nonindigenous Species Nonindigenous of Introduction Eliminate to Options Lakes. Great the into and the JHU engineer more, son pro- sanitary of in pioneering Navy U.S. the in serving after 1949, In Wolman. Abel fessor in degree a with JHU from graduated Wolman II, War World M. Exec- TRB Gordonformer and expert (Reds) geography renowned Wolman, internationally utive Committee member, died February research His 24 85. in of age the at Maryland, Baltimore, on the of physical characteristics river channels transformed geomorphology—the study of the instrumental was features—and land of evolution its and discipline the of methods the developing in Johns at career Wolman’s framework. quantitative (JHU) Hopkins University spanned five decades meth- teaching hands-on by characterized was and 1970, in studies: interdisciplinary for support strong and ods Depart- its with Geography of Department JHU’s combined he ment to of he the create and Resources Sanitary Depart- Water which Engineering, Environmental and field, Geography the of in ment out teach to preferred He years. 20 for chaired then banks. creek on outdoors lessons many conducting wicked sense of humor and the to capacity get to the point IN MEMORIAM Wolman, (Reds) Gordon M. 1924–2010 Annual Meeting Attendee Meeting Attendee Annual Life Traveler’s Helps Save While the attending TRB 2010 Annual Meeting in D.C., stu- engineering transportation Washington, dent Chilan who woman had a handicapped Kleisath—rescued Ta—with a Ta, Station. Union companionMetro’s at tracks the onto fallen Michelle in Washington of University the at student graduate Seattle, was in the station January 13 whenwoman’s motorized the wheelchair toppled from the to down climbed Kleisath tracks. the onto platform the pull help to bystanders recruited and tracks the to ran Ta and platform, the to chair her and woman 60 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 listed. contact the publisher publications. To order, section are not TRB The books in this SHELF BOOK abilitydepends largely oncontact lines, which must friendly power supply for electric railways, but its reli- couver. Considerations of politics, network planning,Brazil,Canadiantheand citiesTorontoof Van-and on one that has proved to work in rural Switzerland, transportation model proposed in this transportationvolume is in basedlarge, nonurban areas. implementpublicThepossibleto network is itcontending that practical recommendations for making suchage. a The change,author outlines this argument and advancesautomobile the beyond moving for argument an health—offer environment,sustainability, and the cities—on bile-dominated pp.; $65; 978-1-84407-740-3. 225 2010;Earthscan, Mees. Paul Beyond the Automobile Age Transport for Suburbia: bridge and railing design and construction. posites and outline provisions for the use of GFRP in describe the unique material properties ofGFRP GFRPbars is com-needed. AASHTO’s guide specificationswithreinforcedrailing and decks bridge concrete steel, however, guidance on engineering and buildingcalandmechanical behavior ofGFRP materials and tive.Because of other differences between the physi- reinforcement—itnoncorrosivenonconduc-isand steel over advantages has GFRP structures. crete native material for producing reinforcing bars for con- bers, $90; 1-56051-458-9. AASHTO member, $75; nonmem- pp.; 68 2009;(AASHTO),cials Highway and Transportation State of AssociationOffi- American Traffic Railings, First Edition Concrete Bridge Decks and for GFRP-Reinforced Design Guide Specifications AASHTO LRFD Bridge operate in all climates and weather conditions with as environmentally and nomic Schneider.pp.;Wiley,994 2009; Schmieder,Axelmann, Egid and Friedrich Kiessling, Rainer Pusch- Implementation, Maintenance Railways: Planning, Design, Contact Lines for Electric cycling are incorporated in this volume. markets, public transportation, pedestrian travel, and $145; 978-3-89578-322-7. Thegrowing costs of automo- Glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) is an alter- lcrc rcin s n eco- an is traction Electric viability of rural communities and on the environ-thecommunitiesrural viabilityon ofand effectof biofuel production and use on the economic increasedabilityroleofa takes on importance. The energy security, and climate change develops, sustain- 309-14714-9. NationalAcademies Press, 2010;178pp.; $41;978-0- CompiledPatriciabyKoshelKathleen and McAllister. and the Transition to Advanced Biofuels Expanding Biofuel Production: Sustainability tigation are explored. sis of Nigerian aircraft theoretical accidents planning, application,and subsequent system air transportation inves- aviation research, in and an rience analy- tion trends, deregulation, tourism, the Nigerianregulation expe- and legislation, commercial air transporta-Topicssuch ashistorical development, civil aviation knowledgemicfield.thegathered yearsin 30over authordraws onprofessional experience andacade- conditionsanddynamics thataffect their areas. The developingnations understandingan thespecificof offersumeaviation system plannersNigeria inand study and experience in developed countries;Much ofaviation thisliterature vol- andresearch isbased on theindeveloping world andspecifically Nigeria.on sents a perspective on aviation that focusesber onAngus nations Ifeanyi Ozoka pre- mem-CommitteePlanning 2009; 431 pp.; 978-125-110-7. Bello University Press Limited, Angus Ifeanyi Ozoka. Ahmadu Practice Theory with Professional and Operations: Blending Aviation Systems Planning electric railway engineering. the design of systems and interfaces to subsystems of and other regulations, as well as usefulspecifications, informationtechnicalstandardsandassuchdata on implementation,systemsplanningand appropriate requirements.Thebookoffers practical guidance in lines, along with the electromechanical and transportationtancestructural systems,includinghigh-speed contact lines for electric railways electricalon local design, and and long-dis-the installation and operationdescriptions of of the configuration,comprehensive provide authors the the mechanicalRailways, cal and tion vehicles traveling at speeds above 300 km/h. reliableand safe power transmission toelectric trac- when overhead contact lines are expected to provide little maintenance as possible. Extreme demands arise As the national discussion about energy prices,energydiscussionnationalaboutthe As System Aviation TRB Inthis second edition of ContactLines for Electri- TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 61 BOOK SHELF 2009; 159 pp.; TRB affiliates, $45; TRB nonaffiliates, TRB $45; affiliates, TRB pp.; 159 2009; - nonaffil TRB $40.50; affiliates, TRB pp.; 120 2009; agers and local government representatives who seek who representatives government local and agers in small air on service commercial and retain to attract information provides guidebook this communities, and tools, pro- techniques, development air service guaran- guarantees, revenue minimum as such grams and marketing subsidies, cost purchases, ticket teed contributions. nonfinancial and advertising, (V). aviation category: Subscriber $60. for Practices Maintenance and Construction Courses Friction Permeable 640 Report NCHRP prac- recommended on findings present Researchers and design (PFC) course friction permeable for tices construction and examine PFC new-generation maintenance and include PFCs—which rehabilitation. friction asphalt–rubber courses, the friction in open-graded used mixes—are European porous and courses, southern noise; and pavement and western spray, and splash United hydroplaning, States to reduce climates, colder In they also ride improve and quality the of visibility weather. wet in markings pavement PFCs may however, more require winter intensive freeze–thaw to examines susceptible be may and report maintenance This formation. ice design, black PFC and for damage guidelines practical on results research maintenance. and construction, man- design, pavement categories: Subscriber $54. iates, agement, and (IIIC). maintenance and performance (IIIB); construction (IIB); materials and of Application and Design the for Guidance Strips Rumble Centerline and Shoulder 641 Report NCHRP reduc- crash a as This the report explores design and strips of application rumble centerline and shoulder tion that for measure can effects adverse minimize safety motorcyclists, bicyclists, research, and residents. Using project the and studies previous of results for shoulder developed were estimates effectiveness technology, policy, and business; economic, environ- economic, business; and policy, bio- in technology, sustainability of dimensions are book social and this in mental, Presented research. ongoing and fuels; ethanol of fuels such future as for next-generation topics discussion, the availability; commercial their and sustain- are more fuels biobased other and whether able; federal and policy state-level inconsistencies; ecosys- resources, water for consequences long-term more. and communities; local and services, tems 2009; 112 pp.; TRB affiliates, $40.50; TRB nonaffi l - l nonaffi TRB $40.50; affiliates, TRB pp.; 112 2009; 2009; 26 pp.; TRB affiliates, $27; TRB nonaffiliates, TRB $27; affiliates, TRB pp.; 26 2009; vice development program. Of interest to airport man- airport to interest Of program. development vice Passenger Air Service Development Techniques Development Service Air Passenger 18 Report compet- ACRP underlying the on findings share Researchers retain- in communities small by examine faced service, challenges air itive commercial their enhancing or ing and challenges, these address can ser- communities how air an of tools and components basic the describe fleet activity. fleet (V). aviation category: Subscriber $54. iates, ume 1 of ACRP Report 17, which presents forecasts of forecasts presents which 17, Report ACRP of 1 ume will experience the traffic increases; and what kinds of kinds what and increases; traffic the experience will infrastructure, facilities, and services will be needed. be will services and facilities, infrastructure, Vol- with conjunction in used be can guidebook This Airports and the Newest Generation of General of Generation Newest the and Airports Guidebook 2: Volume Aircraft, Aviation 2 Volume 17, Report ACRP and of number skies the increasing an that to predict take forecasts Some will soon aircraft GA smaller new, and will see traffic more that some airports suggest and much facilities, how GA for infrastructure, about demand greater however, remain, Questions airports services. which aircraft; these from increase will traffic Airports and the Newest Generation of General of Generation Newest the and Airports Forecast 1: Volume Aircraft, Aviation 1 Volume 17, Report ACRP for activity fleet anticipated of forecast a is Presented (GA) air- aviation of general generation the newest opera- with 5 along for the next and 10 craft years, of very light jets projections used activity tional in U.S. 1,800 than more for services taxi air report, commercial this of 2 Volume with airport conjunction In by used airports. be can forecasts activity and fleet these innov- and requirements practical assess to operators by and aircraft, GA new new accommodate to create ways ative to and airports upgrade to planners airport facilities. airport (V). aviation category: Subscriber $36. TRB PUBLICATIONS ment—water quality and quantity, and quality ment—water and habitat biodi- wildlife soils, emissions, gas greenhouse versity, and air public health— quality, National The considered. be must on Roundtable Council’s Research Sus- for Technology and Science hosted a tainability 2009 workshop that examined biofuel 62 TR NEWS 267 MARCH–APRIL 2010 SHELF BOOK dent detection, traffic management of imputationspecial eventsof rampin flow data, automatic freeway inci- smallcommunities, data fusion using stationary and and estimates speed traffic on error detector loop dentdurations and secondary incidents, the effect of spillback from incidents, the interdependence of inci- Exploredvolumethispapersthedynamicareinin TRB PUBLICATIONS mobilehigh-occupancytollsimpactdata,ontheof determinecongestionalgorithmtobottlenecks, an freewayatroads,traffic flowtoll onmessage signs Transportation Research Record 2099 Management and Operations; Managed Lanes 2009 Freeway Operations; Regional Systems (IIIB). constructionSubscribercategory:andmaterials $62. place forms for concrete bridge deck construction. of hot-mix asphalt pavements, and the use of stay-in- portland cement concrete pavements, delivery,projectthe assurance,constructionquality of construction investigateAuthorsconstructionmanagementand Transportation Research Record 2098 Construction 2009 iates, $51. 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TRB has examined a variety transportation financing and funding programs, working of bold ideas designed to meet these big challenges and has towards zero fatalities on the nation’s highways, achieving developed a bookshelf of resources: u A Transportation Research Program for Mitigating and Adapting to Climate Change and Conserving Energy http://books.trbbookstore.org/sr299.aspx u A Guidebook for Selecting Airport Capital Project Delivery Methods http://books.trbbookstore.org/ac21.aspx u Security 101: A Physical Security Primer for Transportation Agencies http://books.trbbookstore.org/nr525p.aspx u Driving and the Built Environment: The Effects of Compact

Development on Motorized Travel, Energy Use, and CO2 Emissions http://books.trbbookstore.org/sr298.aspx u Funding Options for Freight Transportation Projects http://books.trbbookstore.org/sr297.aspx u Communicating the Value of Transportation Research: Guidebook http://books.trbbookstore.org/NR610.aspx u Implementing the Results of the Second Strategic Highway Research Program: Saving Lives, Reducing Congestion, Improving Quality of Life http://books.trbbookstore.org/sr296.aspx

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