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The Nature of David's Kingship at Hebron: an Exegetical and Theological Study of 2 Samuel 2:1-5:5

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The Nature of David's Kingship at Hebron: an Exegetical and Theological Study of 2 Samuel 2:1-5:5 Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 2019 The Nature of David's Kingship at Hebron: An Exegetical and Theological Study of 2 Samuel 2:1-5:5 Christian Vogel Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Vogel, Christian, "The Nature of David's Kingship at Hebron: An Exegetical and Theological Study of 2 Samuel 2:1-5:5" (2019). Dissertations. 1684. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/1684 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT THE NATURE OF DAVID’S KINGSHIP AT HEBRON: AN EXEGETICAL AND THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF 2 SAMUEL 2:1—5:5 by Christian Vogel Adviser: Richard M. Davidson ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Title: THE NATURE OF DAVID’S KINGSHIP AT HEBRON: AN EXEGETICAL AND THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF 2 SAMUEL 2:1—5:5 Name of researcher: Christian Vogel Name and degree of faculty adviser: Richard M. Davidson, Ph.D. Date completed: June 2019 The account of David’s reign at Hebron found in 2 Samuel 2:1—5:5 constitutes a somewhat neglected, yet crucial part of the David narrative, chronicling David’s first years as king. This dissertation investigates these chapters by means of a close reading of the Hebrew text in order to gain a better understanding of the nature of David’s kingship as it is presented in this literary unit. The review of scholarly literature on 2 Samuel 2:1—5:5 conducted in Chapter 1 reveals that not much attention has been given to a careful and in-depth exegesis of this literary unit. Instead, most of the examined studies have focused on redactional and/or historical issues in order to demonstrate the pro-davidic ideology of the narrative. Though a few studies have examined 2 Samuel 2:1—5:5 from a literary perspective, none of them have dealt exclusively with this part of the David narrative or with the specific issue of the nature of David’s kingship in this literary unit. Chapters 2—4 are therefore dedicated to a careful exegetical analysis of each of the six literary units within 2 Samuel 2:1—5:5. Particular attention is given to the literary features of the text such as its structure, keywords and phrases as well as intertextual connections to earlier parts of the David narrative and of the Old Testament in general. For each of the six literary units the implications concerning the nature of David’s kingship that emerge from a close reading of the text are noted. In Chapter 5 the results of the research are summarized. The exegetical analysis demonstrates that 2 Samuel 2:1—5:5 is a carefully crafted work of art throughout which the kingships of David and Ish-boshet/Abner are compared and contrasted. Based on the close reading of the passage, the following conclusions are drawn concerning the nature of David’s kingship: 1. The legitimacy of David’s kingship is affirmed. He is chosen by YHWH, recognized by Saul and the people, associated with the faithful Saul, qualified by his character, personality and experience as well as by the special title dygIn". 2. Foundational elements of David’s kingship include divine guidance, obedience to YHWH’s will and law, justice, unity, freedom of choice, respect and kindness toward others, concern for the people, humility and proper self- assessment, ds,x, and repaying good with good, sorrow over evil, peace, strength and continuity. 3. The purpose of David’s kingship seems to be to enable a return to the Edenic model by finishing the conquest, saving Israel from its enemies and caring for YHWH’s people and inheritance. Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary THE NATURE OF DAVID’S KINGSHIP AT HEBRON: AN EXEGETICAL AND THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF 2 SAMUEL 2:1—5:5 A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Christian Vogel 2019 © Copyright by Christian Vogel 2019 All Rights Reserved THE NATURE OF DAVID’S KINGSHIP AT HEBRON: AN EXEGETICAL AND THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF 2 SAMUEL 2:1—5:5 A dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy by Christian Vogel APPROVAL BY THE COMMITTEE: ___________________________________ ______________________________________ Faculty Adviser Director, Ph.D./Th.D. Programs Richard M. Davidson Tom R. Shepherd J.N. Andrews Professor of Old Testament Interpretation _______________________________________ __________________________________________ Jacques B. Doukhan Dean, SDA Theological Seminary Professor of Hebrew and Old Testament Jiri Moskala Exegesis Emeritus _______________________________________ Jiri Moskala Professor of Old Testament Exegesis and Theology _______________________________________ Oliver Glanz Associate Professor of Old Testament _______________________________________ ___________________________________________ Robert D. Bergen Date Approved Distinguished Professor of Old Testament Emeritus Hannibal-LaGrange University TABLE OF CONTESTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................... vii Chapters 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 1 Background of the Problem .................................................................... 1 Statement of the Problem ....................................................................... 6 Statement of Purpose .............................................................................. 6 Justification of the Study ........................................................................ 6 Scope and Delimitations ......................................................................... 7 Methodology .......................................................................................... 8 Review of Literature ............................................................................... 9 Hans-Ulrich Nübel .......................................................................... 9 Friedrich Mildenberger ................................................................... 11 Rolf A. Carlson ............................................................................... 14 Artur Weiser .................................................................................... 16 Roger L. Ward ................................................................................. 18 Jakob H. Grønbæk ........................................................................... 22 David M. Gunn ............................................................................... 27 Niels P. Lemche .............................................................................. 30 P. Kyle McCarter ............................................................................ 33 James Vanderkam ........................................................................... 35 Keith W. Whitelam ......................................................................... 38 Terence J. Kleven ............................................................................ 39 Jan Fokkelman ................................................................................ 41 Steven L. McKenzie ........................................................................ 43 Baruch Halpern ............................................................................... 46 Klaus-Peter Adam ........................................................................... 48 John Van Seters ............................................................................... 49 J. Randall Short ............................................................................... 53 Cephas T.A. Tushima ...................................................................... 54 Summary ......................................................................................... 58 2. EXEGESIS OF 2 SAMUEL 2 ....................................................................... 59 2 Samuel 2:1-11 ..................................................................................... 59 Text ................................................................................................. 59 iii Translation....................................................................................... 60 Delimitation .................................................................................... 60 Structure .......................................................................................... 63 Close Reading ................................................................................. 69 Verses 1-4a............................................................................... 69 Verses 4b-7 .............................................................................. 79 Verses 8-11 .............................................................................. 90 Implications for the Nature of David’s Kingship ............................ 102 The Legitimacy of David’s Kingship ...................................... 102 Foundational elements of David’s Kingship............................ 104 The Purpose of David’s Kingship ............................................ 107 2
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