Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2002-2003

Republic of Maldives

HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND EXPENDITURE SURVEY 2002/2003

Ministry of Planning and National Development Male’ Republic of Maldives

All rights of this work are reserved. No part may be printed or published without prior written permission from the publisher. Short excerpts from the publication may be reproduced for the purpose of research or review provided due acknowledgment is made.

ISBN: 99915-55-41-2

Published by: Ministry of Planning and National Development Ghazee Building Male’ 20-05 Republic of Maldives Tel: 315347 Fax: 318343 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.planning.gov.mv

Cover design by: Willem Van Den Andel Yasir Waseem

Printed by: ------Print FOREWORD by Minister of Planning and National Development Mr. Hamdun Hameed

The release of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) report of Maldives 2002-2003 marks an important milestone in the compilation and publication of household consumption statistics in the country.

The sustained growth experienced by the Maldives in the past decades has lead to an increase in disposable income of the population. These developments require timely statistics to assess the changes in the levels and distribution of income within and across the country. In this regard HIES provide new insights into the consumption patterns of the population living in the five development regions of the country in addition to Male’ and aggregated patterns for the Atolls and the Republic.

The HIES results show that incomes have grown rapidly during the past years and that incomes of the poorer groups in the population has grown much faster resulting in a substantial reduction in income inequality within the Maldives. However, it also revealed that inequality between Male’ and the Atolls has increased significantly during the same period. Tackling these issues pose major challenges for the country.

The findings from HIES are consistent with the preliminary findings of the 2004 Vulnerability and Poverty Survey (VPS). In all major aspects, the information collected in the HIES is comparable with the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment studies conducted in all inhabited islands of the country in 1998 and 2004.

With extensive damage and devastation caused to the country by the Asian tsunami of 26 December 2004, these surveys provide invaluable data on the socio-economic and poverty situation of households, throughout the country, the most recent available prior to this incident.

It must be noted that the present survey benefited greatly from the newly introduced “Statistical Regulation of the Republic of Maldives”, as it ensures greater confidentiality of information provided by individuals and households.

I would like to acknowledge with appreciation the technical assistance provided by the UNDP,

i UNESCAP and ADB to support this survey. Special thanks go to all the consultants who assisted us in this work. I congratulate the staff of the Statistics Section of this Ministry for their hard work and dedication in carrying out the survey operation at all stages and for their coordinated efforts together with the project consultants in producing this report.

I am sure that this publication gives valuable information and I hope that it would assist the public sector in better design and implementation of national policies and facilitate private sector in undertaking informed decisions.

In order to provide easy access to the users, this report and the accompanying database are made available on CD-ROM and on our website (http://www.planning.gov.mv). We hope that easy exchange of information would facilitate greater co-operation between the data users and data providers, leading to further improvement of the quality of household statistics in the future.

Acknowledgement

ii We would like to acknowledge the support and co-operation received from all the 740 households selected in the sample and to thank them for their efforts in providing the detailed information required for the survey.

Our sincere appreciation goes to the UNDP, UNESCAP and ADB, for their technical assistance and support for the Household Income and Expenditure Survey report of Maldives. This report is one of the outputs of the UNDP and UNESCAP project on “Institutional strengthening and capacity building in statistics” under which consultancy was provided in data analysis and the production of this report. Consultancy services were also provided under the ADB technical assistance project “Further development of a system of national accounts”, during the preparatory phase of the survey.

The data collection and processing of the survey was funded by the government budget. The activities of the survey were implemented by the Statistics Section of the Ministry of Planning and National Development (MPND/ST). The hard work and contributions by the staff of MPND/ST in collaboration with the project consultants at all stages of the survey is greatly acknowledged.

Sample design was prepared by Mr. Shyam Upadyaya in coordination with Ms. Aishath Laila and Ms. Hidhaya Moosa. Preparations, implementation and management of the survey in terms of the questionnaire design, training manual, conduction of training, data collection, coding, editing and entry was lead by Ms. Aishath Laila, Ms. Mariyam Niyaf and the survey unit of the section with involvement of staff from other units of MPND/ST, under the overall supervision of Mr.Fuwad Thowfeek and Ms. Aishath Shahuda.

Data processing was carried out by Mr. Yasir Waseem and Mr. Mohamed Jawad under the supervision of Ms. Fathimath Nihan, with advice and guidance of Mr. Huzaifa Zoomkawala. Data cleaning was carried out by Mr. Willem Van Den Andel, in close coordination with Ms. Aishath Laila and Mr. Idham Fahumy. Training on SPSS was conducted by Mr. Nuri Ozsever and data analysis training by Mr. Hans de Kruijk. Very special thanks go to Mr. Willem Van Den Andel for writing this report and for his valuable contributions in completing this report, despite the end of his consultancy period.

We would also like to acknowledge the support provided by Mr. Abdul Bari Abdulla in coordinating the UNDP project related aspects of this survey in collaboration with the staff of MPND/ST.

iii Introduction

The report on the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) of the Maldives 2002- 2003 presents an analysis of findings from the survey. This is the first nationwide HIES conducted in the Maldives. The survey was conducted during the period September 2002 to June 2003 in four quarterly rounds during the months of September and December in 2002 and March and June in 2003. The survey was designed as a scientific random sample with separate strata for Male' and the five development regions. It covered the capital Male' and forty islands from the Atolls and includes data for 834 households.

HIES data is an analytical tool that many countries use to gather information on household consumption on a regular basis to monitor changes in the level of poverty and analyse the well-being of the people and the economy. The main purpose of this survey was to collect information on the economic well-being of the population. Specifically, the results will be used to bring about improvements in the national accounts, consumer price index and the vulnerability and poverty statistics of the country.

As HIES data provide a snapshot of the socio-economic situation of the households prior to the Tsunami, it would also serve as significant baseline data in the future assessments and comparisons in this regard.

The tables presented in the report provide the data by standard classifications that include income quintiles, income classes, and daily per capita expenditure classes, cross-tabulated by demographic variables such as the size of household, number of earners, proportion of expenditure on different expenditure categories. To the extent possible, all information is presented separately for Male' and the Atolls and also at the regional level for the atolls and comparisons are made with the 1997/98 VPA.

In order to provide easy access to the national as well as international data users, this report with the analysis, detailed tabulations, questionnaires, sample design and the database of the survey is made available on CD-ROM and on the Ministry’s website (http://www.planning.gov.mv).

MALDIVES HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND EXPENDITURE SURVEY 2002/03

Table of Contents

Map of Maldives...... ix Summary finding ………………………………………………………………………………… x List of Acronyms and Abbreviations...... xvi Chapter 1: The Household Income and Expenditure Survey...... 1

1.1 Introduction...... 1 1.2 Main Aims and Purposes...... 2 1.3 Methodology...... 2 1.3.1 Sample Design...... 2 1.3.2 Enumeration and analytical problems...... 3 1.4 Data Entry, Editing and Processing...... ……. 5 1.5 Limitations...... ……. 5 1.6 Structure of the Report...... 6 1.7 Using the CD-ROM...... 6

Chapter 2: Income Poverty...... 7 2.1 Introduction...... 8 2.2 Concepts...... 9 2.2.1 Income versus Expenditure...... 9 2.2.2 Imputing Own Produced Consumption...... ……. 10 2.2.3 Applied Concepts...... 11 2.2.4 Purchasing Power Parities (PPP)...... 12 2.3 Income Levels...... 13 2.4 Income Poverty...... ……. 17 2.4.1 Headcount Ratios...... 18 2.4.2 Poverty Dominance with Unknown Poverty Lines...... 19 2.4.3 Poverty Gap Ratios...... 21 2.5 Incomes Changes over Time...... 22 Chapter 3: Working Age Population and Employment...... 28

3.1 Introduction...... 28 3.2 Sectoral Employment...... 30 3.3 Employment by occupational groups...... 33 3.4 Access to Productive Employment by women...... 34

Chapter 4: Household Income and Expenditure...... 35 4.1 Introduction...... 35 4.2 Expenditure patterns...... 36 4.3 Expenditure patterns by income groups...... 37 Chapter 5: Household Savings, Finances and Wealth...... …… 40

5.1 Introduction...... 41 5.2 Perceptions of household status and income changes...... 41 5.3 Household savings and their uses...... 43 5.4 Consumer Durables...... 44 5.5 Financial transactions of the households...... 46 Appendix 1. Sampling design...... 49

Introduction...... 49 Sample design...... 50 Stratification and allocation of sample...... 51 Selection method and effect on variance...... 53 Survey procedure...... 54 Estimation method...... 56

v Appendix 2. The Measurement of Vulnerability and Poverty...... 61

1.1 Introduction...... 61 1.2 Vulnerability and Poverty Indicators...... 61 1.3 A Non-Dichotomous Concept of Vulnerability and Poverty...... 62 1.4 Measuring Poverty Dominance without Poverty Lines...... 63 1.5 The Theory of Poverty Dominance...... 63 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region...... 63 Attachment B. COICOP classification...... 72 Attachment C. Questionnaire set in English and Dhivehi..……………………………………76 Attachment D. Staff involved in the data collection and Survey Budget. . ….………………124 Statistical Annex …………………………………………………………………………………..127

List of Tables and Figures

vi Table 1.3.1 Population Adjustment Factors by Area and Gender ...... 3 Figure 2.2.1 Monthly rent by location and number of rooms ...... 11 Table 2.2.2 Consumer Price Indices and PPPs in Maldives ...... 13 Table 2.3.1 Distribution of households by income and expenditure quintiles ...... 14 Table 2.3.2 Intensity of purchases of household durables by income/expenditure quintiles ..... 15 Figure 2.3.3 Regional grouping of atolls ...... 16 Figure 2.3.4 Household consumption expenditure per person per day, in Rufiyaa ...... 17 Figure 2.4.1 Income distribution and averages for Maldives, 2002/03 ...... 17 Table 2.4.2 Average household income, (excluding imputed rent), 1997/98 & 2002/03 ...... 18 Table 2.4.3 Population below various poverty lines, 1997/98 & 2002/03 ...... 19 Figure 2.4.4 Headcount ratio with a poverty line of half the median, or Rf. 18 pppd ...... 19 Figure 2.4.5 Headcount ratios for different poverty lines including imputed rent ...... 20 Figure 2.4.6 Headcount ratios for different poverty lines (excluding imputed rent) ...... 20 Figure 2.4.7 Poverty Gap Ratio with a poverty line of half the median, or Rf. 18 pppd ...... 22 Figure 2.5.1 Change in poverty at various poverty lines between 1997/98 and 2002/03 ...... 23 Figure 2.5.2 Households reporting decrease/increase in income between 1997and 2002 ...... 24 Figure 2.5.3 Percentage of households reporting consumer durables in 1997and 2002 ...... 24 Figure 2.5.4 Average per capita expenditures (excluding Rent) in 1997and 2002 ...... 25 Figure 2.5.5 Average per capita expenditures by quintile, Male' and Atolls, 1997and 2002 ..... 25 Figure 2.5.6 Headcount ratios for poverty line of Rf. 7.5 (excluding imputed rent) ...... 26 Figure 2.5.7 Headcount ratios for poverty line of Rf. 15 (excluding imputed rent) ...... 27 Figure 3.1.1 Working-age population by activity status and sex ...... 29 Figure 3.1.2 Estimated labour force participation rates by sex, Male' and atolls ...... 29 Figure 3.1.3 Estimated labour force by sex, Male' and atolls ...... 30 Figure 3.2.1 Summary of employment of Maldivians by economic activity ...... 31 Figure 3.2.2 Labour force shares by employment status ...... 31 Figure 3.2.3 Labour force shares by employment status and sex ...... 32 Figure 3.2.4 Employment shares of Male' and atolls by economic activity ...... 32 Figure 3.2.5 Employment by economic activity and region ...... 33 Figure 3.3.1 Employment by occupational groups ...... 34 Figure 3.4.1 Average monthly income by sex for Male' and the atolls (Rf. Per month) ...... 34 Figure 4.1.1 Household incomes by source ...... 35 Figure 4.2.1 Cash expenditures by item group, Male' 1993, Male' and the atolls 2002/03 ...... 37 Table 4.2.2 Summary of expenditure by income group for Male' and the atolls ...... 37 Figure 4.3.1 Expenditures by income and product groups for Male' ...... 38 Figure 4.3.2 Expenditures by income and product groups for the Atolls ...... 39 Figure 5.2.1 Perception of household economic status, Republic, Male' and Atolls ...... 41 Figure 5.2.2 Perception of decrease and increase in Income by Income Group – Republic ..... 42

vii Figure 5.2.3 Change in income by region and income quintiles ...... 42 Figure 5.2.4 Actual income changes and perception of increases by income quintiles ...... 43 Figure 5.3.1 Use of excess funds as reported by individual earners ...... 43 Figure 5.3.2 Percentage of households reporting difficulties in balancing their budgets ...... 44 Table 5.4.1 Grouping of consumer durables ...... 44 Figure 5.4.2 Purchases of consumer durables as percentage of possessions...... 45 Figure 5.4.3 Purchases of consumer durables as percentage of total expenditures ...... 45 Figure 5.4.4 Purchases of consumer durables as percentage of household expenditures ...... 45 Figure 5.5.1 Construction expenditure compared to household consumption expenditures ..... 46 Figure 5.5.2 Borrowing and lending by households...... 46 Figure 5.5.3 Household borrowing and loan repayments during the year ...... 47 A1. Table 1: Number of Households and Enumeration Blocks by Development Regions ...... 50 A1. Table 2: Allocation of Sample in Domains ...... 52 A1. Table 3: Allocation of Sample in Atoll Strata ...... 53 A1. Table 4: Overlapping of samples in Male ...... 55 A2. Figure 1. Frequency distributions for two regions A and B ...... 63 A2. Figure 2. Cumulative frequency distributions for two regions A and B ...... 64 A2. Figure 3. Intersecting cumulative frequency distributions for regions A and B ...... 64 A2. Figure 4 Poverty gap index for two regions A and B ...... 65

viii Map of Maldives

Note: A listing of the atolls and islands in each region is given as Attachment A to this report

ix Summary of findings: Maldives Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2002/3

The Maldivian population has benefited from the fast economic growth witnessed during the past many years. In both the capital Male' and the Atolls, incomes have increased significantly from 1997. Between 1997/98 and 2002/03, per capita incomes in Northern and Central Regions went up by thirteen and seventeen percent respectively, while in the other regions and Male', these increased much more, by about fifty percent, over the same period.

Chapter 1: The Household Income and Expenditure Survey The principal purposes of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2002/03 were to obtain information on household expenditures for the national accounts; to prepare new weights for the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Male' and introduce the CPI in some of the atoll capitals; and to measure income and poverty for different groups and regions, with special reference to the performance under the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). The survey was conducted in four rounds during the months of September and December 2002 and March and June 2003. It was designed as a scientific random sample with separate strata for Male' and the five development regions.

A total of 834 households questionnaires were obtained during the survey, which was about 94% of the 880 in the design. In addition to post-enumeration adjustments to take care of this non-response, corrections were made to bring the survey population estimates to the level of the total estimated population at the end of 2002. The data quality of the expenditure estimates obtained from the recall and diary procedures was analysed and it was found that the information in the one-week diary was incomplete. Except for cross-checking and verification, this information was therefore not used. The quality of the information on quantities of consumption, expressed in terms of unit-values, showed such wide variations, even after significant edits, that it was concluded that nutritional values of the food expenditures could not be estimated with any degree of reliability. This subject has, therefore, not been included in the report.

Chapter 2: Income Poverty

Concepts and definitions Poverty has many dimensions, but in the HIES the analysis is limited to income poverty. Over time, poverty has been defined in many different ways. The concept of absolute poverty tries to determine the minimum income required to meet physical subsistence needs such as food, clothing and shelter, sometimes extended to essential services of health, education, transport, etc. It is usually based on nutritional requirements to derive a minimum food budget which is then raised for the other necessities. The concept of relative poverty defines poverty in relation to standards that exist in the society. A common poverty line in such cases is half the median per capita income.

As the choice of where to set “the” poverty line is highly arbitrary, this report applies the concept of poverty dominance and has seven different poverty lines to measure the status in the different regions and population groups as well as the changes since the first measurements carried out during the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment (VPA) 1998. The three poverty lines used in the VPA were set at Rf.7.5, Rf.10 and Rf.15 respectively. These lines were half the atoll median income for the lowest of the three and the median income for the highest respectively with the Rf.10 line used as in-between line. These lines were maintained for the HIES, without adjustments for inflation as this has been negligible during this period. In addition the dollar-a-day MDG poverty line was introduced, poverty lines based on nutrition requirements of 2000 kcal per person per day and food at one-third of total household expenditures were derived using regression analysis. Finally, the relative poverty line of half the median income in 2002/03 for the overall population was derived. These seven poverty lines ranged from Rf.4.34 for the MDG line to Rf.23 per person per day. It may be

x noted that the MDG line is measured in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) dollars. The calculations used to derive the PPP exchange rate have been described in this chapter of the report.

A number of methodological issues required special attention during the compilation of the report. These included the methods used to impute own-produced consumption of goods and house rents, the measurement of income in terms of either income or expenditures and the concepts used to measure this income. As for the consumption of own-produced goods, valuation was done at prices prevailing in the local markets. This information could not always be verified, especially on the smaller islands covered in the survey as few cash transactions take place for the most widely used local items such as fish, coconuts and other local produce. The extent of this problem was even larger for the estimation of rental values of owner-occupied dwellings on the islands as only a very small proportion of houses are rented out.

In general, the measurement of expenditures is more accurate in household surveys in developing countries than the measurement of incomes, even if no under-reporting takes place. The main reasons are that incomes fluctuate more than expenditures and that self- employed people often report gross income (or turnover) from their activities without deducting the costs of goods, materials and services used. Therefore, the expenditure approach is generally used in analysis. For the poorest countries, where the marginal propensity to consume is close to one, the difference between income and expenditure is small and this approach will not result in bias. In Maldives, incomes have grown very fast over the past decade and all evidence shows that discretionary expenditures are now rather high. This means that there are substantial savings in the society, which means that using expenditures as a proxy for income introduces a downward bias in inequality and an over- estimate of poverty. Furthermore, an increasing share of the earnings is obtained from wage employment, thereby reducing the potential bias in the estimates from the income side. In the report, most of the analysis uses the expenditure approach, but in the final chapter, describing household savings and wealth, the income data have also been used. It may be noted that there is a rather close correlation between the income and expenditure data for the individual households. More than half of the households fall within the same quintile (20- percent group) when measured from either the income or expenditure side and about seven out of eight households are within the same or adjacent income groups.

For national accounts purposes, imputed values of own-consumption of goods and housing rents are included in household consumption. However, given the small number of houses rented in the atolls and the relatively large share of housing costs in overall expenditures, this approach is not the most suitable for all uses of the data, especially with respect to poverty analysis. Therefore, most of the analysis in the report is presented twice, using the measures of income including and excluding rent. On a few occasions, only imputed rent is excluded from income. The actual measure used in each case is always given.

Survey results Household consumption expenditures in Male' were about Rf.74 per person per day including rent and two-thirds of this, or fifty Rufiyaa per person per day excluding rents. Expenditures in the atolls are at roughly half this level on average. In the southern region incomes are highest. These are about twenty percent higher than those in the northern and central northern regions where they are lowest. These average incomes are in terms of the means. Using the median, that is the income at which half the population is above and half below the average, income in Male' is nearly twenty percent lower at Rf.61 per person per day including rent and in the atolls, some ten percent lower at Rf.31.

Using the MDG dollar-a-day line, poverty in Maldives is negligible. At the lowest VPA line, Rf.7.5 or half the median in the atolls in 1998, only about four percent of the atoll population, and none in Male', were below this line five years later. In 1997/98, four times as many persons in the atolls were living below this poverty line. About one in six persons in Male' and

xi nearly half the atoll population are below the highest poverty line, Rf.23 ($5 PPP) per person per day. These headcounts are based on expenditures excluding rent. As these average expenditures are about two thirds of those including rents, poverty measured with total income/expenditures is correspondingly lower with barely any persons below the Rf.7.5 poverty line and about one quarter of the atoll population below the Rf.23 line. The distribution of poverty in the atolls is similar at the different lines, with poverty highest in the central northern region, followed by the central southern region. Headcounts are lowest in the southern region at all poverty lines at either income concept.

To summarise, it may be noted that barely any instances of abject poverty were found in Maldives in the survey. Only seven of the 740 actual households included in the sample (less than one percent of all the households) had a per capita income (measured as expenditures excluding imputed rents) of less than Rf.4.34 per day, which was equivalent to one PPP dollar at the end of 2002. This is the indicator used in the Millennium Development Goals for this purpose. While this result does not imply that there is no extreme poverty at all in the Maldives, it clearly indicates that such poverty is not widespread. It has reduced further from the already low levels in the 1997/98 VPA. Then, a total of one hundred twenty households, or slightly more than four and half percent of the households surveyed, were below this extreme poverty line of one PPP-dollar per day. At that time, this was equivalent to an estimated Fro. 4.56.

The HIES results also show a substantial reduction in the inequality within the Maldives. The standard measure of this characteristic, the Gina coefficient derived from the VPA stood at 0.42 in 1997/98. The same indicator is 0.38 in the 2002/03 HIES, as shown with the Lorenz curves in the graph on the cover of this report. Over the same time, however, the between- Gina which is a measure of the difference between Male' and the Atolls, has increased from 0.12 to 0.17. As yet, it is unclear what caused this sharp change over such a short period of time.

Incomes of the poorest quintile have increased fastest, except in Central region, with the Percentage increase in incomes of the richest quintile in the atolls only about two-thirds of that of the poorest twenty percent. In Male’, the difference is a little less with the richest quintile increasing by about three-quarters of the poorest fifth. These calculations are based on the expenditures excluding rent. As in both the atolls and Male’ the lowest income groups grew fastest, the inequality within each of these areas decreased. As already indicated, the inequality between Male’ and the atolls has increased significantly during the same period.

Chapter 3: Working Age Population and Employment

The working age population of Maldives was estimated at about 160 thousand persons. Slightly less than half of those were estimated to be in the labour force, but it may be noticed that the questions in the HIES are not exactly the same as those in the population census 2000 or the VPA. This may have resulted in slight differences in the estimates. About two- thirds of the male population was found to be in the labour force as against nearly one-third of the females. There was no difference in these patterns between Male' and the atolls. In Male', roughly one in three workers reported to have a second job, but this was the case for only about five percent of the workers in the atolls.

The main activities that the Maldivian labour force was employed in are, in order of declining importance, manufacturing and public administration which each employed about one out of six workers, fishing, trade and education. These five activities together employed two-thirds of the Maldivian workers. It may be noted that the HIES did not cover expatriates, which make up as much as one third of the total labour force. These workers are employed mostly in the resorts, construction and trade.

It was found that about one quarter of the working population was self-employed, which is low

xii for developing nations. The distribution of self-employed between men and women is not even. Nearly four in ten employed women reported to be self-employed, while only one in six men reported this status. Conversely, the share of employees in the labour force is high at about sixty percent. Two-third of the men and more than half the women are employees.

The labour force consists for about one-third of production workers, with roughly the same number of males and females. About one in six persons was agriculture/fisheries worker and another sixth were administrative workers. In the latter group, slightly more women than men were working, but in agriculture and fisheries only one in six of the workers were female. As mentioned, the share of women in the labour force was about half of that for men. In addition, fewer women were engaged in professional and technical fields. These differences are accentuated by the average monthly income reported by men and women, as women on average earned less than half the men's incomes in both the atolls and Male'.

Chapter 4: Household Income and Expenditure

Household incomes have been classified broadly into six groups. Imputed rents are estimated at about one-fifth of the total and the values are identical for incomes and expenditures. One quarter of total incomes is derived from business activities and forty four percent was reported as wages. Six percentage points of this are attributed to incomes earned by household members working in the resorts and Male' who cannot be at home regularly due to the geography of the country. This type of incomes has a three times as high share in the atolls than in Male'. The total value consumption of own-produced goods was estimated at only about four percent of income. Property incomes made up the remaining six percent of the total.

Over the ten years since the first HIES was conducted in Male', the share of food expenditures has gone down from one-third to about one-quarter. At the same time, the share of housing costs (rents, utilities, etc.) has gone up from one-sixth to one quarter. Equally significant changes, but smaller as shares in total expenditures, took place in education and health. The largest drop was recorded for clothing, which went down over this period from about ten percent of the total in 1993 to only about four percent in 2003.

No relative changes for the atolls can be presented as the 1993 HIES was limited in coverage to Male'. At the moment, expenditure on food makes up nearly forty percent of the total in the atolls while housing costs are at twelve percent are about half the share of Male'. No large differences occur for the other expenditure categories.

Taking overall expenditures, including rents, per capita expenditures in Male' are roughly double those in the atolls for all five quintiles. In the atolls, average expenditure of the lowest 20-percent group was estimated at Rf.17 per person per day, which was about one quarter of the daily expenditures of the highest income group. In Male', the highest group spent about five times as much as the lowest. As might be expected, the highest income group spent less on food and housing and more on recreation, hotels and miscellaneous expenditures than the lower income groups.

Chapter 5: Household Savings, Finances and Wealth

Households were asked to report their relative economic status. While the perceived status

xiii broadly matched their actual status, with only few of the poorer households reporting to be well of or the reverse, overall the answers were somewhat optimistic. About one in five households felt that their status was above-average while only about one in seven reported a below-average status. These two shares should have been the same. Looking at the perceived change in income between 1998 and 2003 by income group, it was found that on average, poorer households were more pessimistic on the change in income than richer households. The former under-estimated the changes while the latter over-estimated their income changes.

In the survey, individual income earners were asked about the balance in incomes and expenditures. About nine percent of the earners reported difficulties in balancing their budget while a quarter of them indicated to have a surplus. As more single-earner households will have difficulties in balancing the budget, the share of households facing the difficulty is about fifteen percent. Among the poorest, it is about one in four households, while even among the richest group this stands at about six percent. In the atolls, the problem is much more severe than in Male' with on average a three times higher share reporting difficulties.

Consumer Durables Probably the best indicator of the rapid change in well-being of the Maldivian population is the rapid growth in the possession of major consumer durables. In Male', this shows the fast increase in incomes, while in the atolls it also shows the rapid expansion of various infrastructure services such as the electricity and telephone networks.

In Male', nearly all households now possess at least one TV set, which is double the Proportion recorded in the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment (VPA) of 1997/98. About three-quarters of the households have at least one mobile phone, which were not in available at all five years earlier. Half the households now also own one or more motor cycles, nearly three times as much as five years before. Furthermore, three quarters of the households also report a regular fixed-line telephone, a doubling of the share over the five intervening years.

More than one third also has a cable TV connection, a service that started only two years earlier. Nine out of every ten households have a washing machine, while nearly half of them have a computer in the house.

In the Atolls, the possession of electrical equipment has increased extremely fast due to the expansion of the electricity supply. Three-quarters of the households now have a washing machine and two-thirds own a TV set. Many smaller electrical items are in more than half the households. Mobile phones are available to about one fifth of the households. Personal computers have also started to reach the islands; nearly ten percent of the households reported them.

Financial transactions of the households Information was gathered on a limited number of financial transactions that households may be engaged in. These included giving out, obtaining and repaying loans as well as the financing of construction activities. Overall, about one quarter of the households reported to have borrowed and/or given out loans. The estimates show that the balance of borrowing and lending in total is close to zero, with large differences between income groups. Net borrowing is concentrated in the middle income groups with the highest income group providing all resources. The amounts involved are, however very small at less than two percent of household expenditures.

Also a quarter of the population had financed construction activities around the house, mostly for additions. Twice as large a proportion of the atoll households had paid for construction as

xiv in Male'. On average, construction expenditures in the atolls were equivalent to about six percent of household consumption expenditures. The distribution of construction expenditures over the income groups was radically different between Male' and the atolls. In Male', the three lowest quintiles of the population barely spent any money on construction, while those expenditures for the highest quintile were equivalent to nearly fifteen percent of its household consumption expenditures. In the atolls, expenditures were equivalent to close of six percent of consumption expenditures for all quintiles.

xv List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

COICOP Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose

EA Enumeration Area (from the 2000 Population Census)

HIES Household Income and Expenditure Survey (2002/03)

MDG Millennium Development Goal

PGR Poverty Gap Ratio ppp per person per day psu primary sampling unit

SNA-93 System of National Accounts, 1993 revision usu ultimate (or secondary) sampling unit

VPA Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment (1997/98)

xvi

Chapter 1: The Household Income and Expenditure Survey

Summary

The principal purposes of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2002/03 were to obtain information on household expenditures for the national accounts; to prepare new weights for the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Male' and introduce the CPI in some of the atoll capitals; and to measure income and poverty for different groups and regions, with special reference to the performance under the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). The survey was conducted in four rounds during the months of September and December 2002, June and March 2003. It was designed as a scientific random sample with separate strata for Male' and the five development regions.

1.1 Introduction

This report describes the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES 2002/3) that has been conducted in the Maldives during the period September 2002 to June 2003 in four quarterly rounds. The HIES covered both the capital Male' and the Atolls. A scientific sample design was used to ensure the sample drawn for the survey was representative for the Maldivian population at various levels of desegregation. A summary of the major design criteria and its implementation has been given in section 1.3 below, while the full sample design has been attached at Appendix 1 to this report.

The experience with household surveys in Maldives is rather limited. In 1993, a household survey was conducted in Male', which was mainly used to derive the weights of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) that is currently published (with pricing base June 1995). In 1997/98, the Vulnerability and Poverty Survey (VPA 98) that was administered to a sample of households in all 200 inhabited islands in the Atolls as well as Male', included the same information on incomes and expenditures, but only a single round of visits was made to the households and all information collected was on recall basis. In conjunction with the VPA, a small household survey was started, covering three Atoll capitals (Khulhudhuffushi in Haa Dhaalu, Thinadhoo in Ghaafu Dhaalu and Hithadhoo in Seenu) and Male'. This survey was planned to be continued for twelve months, but was discontinued earlier due to logistical problems. The HIES 2002/03 therefore represents the first complete HIES conducted and successfully completed in the Maldives.

In all major aspects, the information collected in this HIES is comparable with the 1997/98 Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment. The main differences are that information was collected from a sample of forty islands in the HIES rather than all inhabited islands in the VPA; that the questionnaire was much shorter, leaving out many of the social and demographic characteristics of the households; and that the HIES also did not include the island / community questionnaires used in the VPA.

1.2 Main Aims and Purposes The main purpose of the survey was to collect information on the economic well-being of the population. Specifically, the results will be used to bring about improvements in three broad areas of statistics, namely:

National Accounts: • Estimation of household consumption expenditures • Imputed rents of owner-occupied dwellings • Limited information on household businesses Consumer Price Index: • Preparation of new weights set for Male’ • Additional weights sets for (broad) regional groupings • Overall weights to compile a national index Poverty and vulnerability: • Levels of income for different population groups (by region, occupation, etc.) • Extent of poverty, using alternative poverty lines • Distribution of income over the groups • Millennium Development Goals (MDG) performance on: • poverty ($1 per day) • deprivation (calorie intake)

1.3 Methodology

1.3.1 Sample Design

Stratification The HIES was conducted in four quarterly rounds. The samples selected for each of the rounds were representative for Male' as well as the Atolls. However, with the rather small sample sizes at this level of desegregation, detailed analysis of the quarterly data generally results in statistical errors that are larger than normally acceptable. In this report, therefore, no data for the separate quarters are analysed.

For grouping purposes, islands of each development region were listed in the ascending order of the distance from the respective atoll centres and within each atoll a median value was calculated for the number of households. Then each atoll was divided to Nearby and Remote islands, where both groups were of more or less equal size in terms of the number of households. The average distance of Nearby islands in different regions varied between 10 and 14 km and that of Remote islands was between 27 and 37 km.

For each quarterly round of the survey, one Enumeration Area (EA) from one island in each of the ten sub-strata was selected. In each EA, fifteen households were selected at random. In total, therefore, this resulted in forty EA's from the Atolls, with six hundred households. In Male', each quarter there were seven EA's selected, two each in Heynveru and Maafannu and one each in the other three wards. In each of the selected EA's, ten households were enumerated. However, each of the selected households was surveyed during two rounds, so that 140 different households were included in the Male' sample.

Post-Enumeration adjustments The sample design described above provides the appropriate raising factors for the households if the survey is carried out exactly according to the design and the sample totals (in this case, population) happen to coincide with the population estimates available from the census projections. In general, this is not the case.

First, some households do not want to co-operate while others do not provide all the information needed. Thus, the number of households actually enumerated is often smaller than the number selected in the sample, even when replacement households have been selected at the design stage. In some cases, the selected enumeration blocks on the islands actually contained fewer households than the fifteen to be enumerated, even though that number was present at the time of the population census which provided the sampling frame.

Second, any sample survey gives only an estimate of the population and its characteristics within the accuracy aimed for at the design stage. Each sample will, therefore, provide somewhat different aggregates for the population. In order to be able to compare the survey results with other data series, it is easiest to make an adjustment to the survey results reflecting the difference between the population totals implicit in the survey and the separate estimates prepared as projections from the population census. The year-end 2002 projection is used for reference.

Table 1.3.1 Population Adjustment Factors by Area and Gender HIES Survey results Population projections (end Dec.) Adjustment factors Stratum Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females Maldives 291,642 140,165 151,476 282,808 143,478 139,330 0.97 1.02 0.92 Male' 1 91,238 44,605 46,633 75,957 39,500 36,457 0.83 0.89 0.78 Atoll 2 200,403 95,560 104,842 206,851 103,978 102,873 1.03 1.09 0.98 s

As some of the information in the survey is gender-specific, the implied population totals for males and females have also been compared with the population estimates by gender. All these comparisons have been done for both Male' and the Atolls separately. A set of three raising factors result from these adjustments. For information collected and aggregated at the individual level, the gender-specific raising factors are used and all other information is raised using the overall raising factors.

1.3.2 Enumeration and analytical problems

Non-response As mentioned above, the sample design for Male' included enumeration of the households during two rounds of the survey. It proved difficult to obtain the co-operation of some of the selected households for participation during the second round of enumeration and as a result, a larger than expected non-response was encountered. In total, 24 households, that is about 15 percent of the total, did not participate in their second period of enumeration. In the atolls, enumeration was not accomplished for only five households, or less than one percent of the total. In addition to the non-response of 29 households, in a small number of cases it was necessary to remove the household information during processing, basically because insufficient information was available. As a result, the final data set contains information for 834 households instead of the 880 in the design.

Recall and diary expenditure information A key component of any HIES is the collection of data on the household expenditures. Some of those are captured along with other information sought. For instance, information on house rent is obtained along with the tenure status in the housing form; the purchase of consumer durables is captured as part of the enumeration of durables in possession. Special modules are furthermore used to capture expenditures on foreign travel and construction and maintenance. However, for the major part of regular consumption the expenditures listing form is used. In an HIES, two approaches are available. During an initial (or only) visit, the

3 consumption expenditure during the recent past can be obtained using a recall procedure. Thereby, the respondent is systematically asked from a list whether particular items were purchased during the reference period. As memory lapse is a common problem, the length of the recall period has been made dependent on the type of goods, with the period for more expensive items longer than those of daily needs. Information on current expenditures can also be collected using a diary where all household expenditures are recorded over a period of time. The HIES also used this approach, for a period of one week. The results were not very good as these records were generally substantially below the expenditures on the same type of items in the recall part of the survey. While the information was used in a number of cases for cross-checking, they have not been included in the analysis.

Nutrition estimates derived from expenditures The goods purchasing practices in the islands are generally substantially different from those in Male'. In many smaller islands no shops, or shops with only a very limited range of products are available and many items are purchased in bulk from the atoll islands, itinerant merchants and from Male'. This makes it difficult to capture purchases by households as these are not very regular or frequent. At the overall levels of aggregation for the survey, this is of limited influence. The bulk purchases recorded by one household during the reference period that will be partially consumed only during the same period mostly cancel out against the households that did not purchase these commodities during the reference period and used available stocks for consumption. An arrangement had been made to capture as many of the bulk purchases as possible, but at the analysis stage it was clear that this had not always worked out in the expected manner. As a result, the calorie contents of the food consumption of individual households, based on the reported purchases, showed extremely large variations. At the lower end, the calculated calorie intakes were only a few hundred kcal per person per day while at the other extreme, close to ten thousand kcal was implied. As those extreme calorie intake levels were not at all correlated to reported income levels or other identifiable household characteristics, the problem most likely originated at the enumeration level. As no methods could be developed to adjust calorie intakes of individual households, the nutritional status of the population could not be analysed on the basis of the survey results.

The second MDG target, under the first goal, is Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger. It aims to halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger. For measuring the progress in this regards, estimates of the calorie contents of consumption are normally prepared from household survey results. As described above, this information cannot reliably be derived from the results of the HIES 2002/03 and the performance measurement against this MDG target is not possible.

Clustering for nearby and remote islands The sample design stratified the five regions into nearby and remote islands, whereby the classification was based on the population size of the different islands with a demarcation line drawn in such a way that about half the people living on nearby islands and half on remote islands. In practice, this resulted in a fairly wide distribution of the distance of the nearest “remote” island from the atoll centre. On smaller atolls sometimes islands were classified as remote that are actually within easy reach of the centre. The classification is therefore not suitable for policy purposes. As it was not possible to redraw the boundaries after the survey had been completed, it was decided to remove this level of stratification from the analysis and the data set.

1.4 Data Entry, Editing and Processing Data entry and editing of the HIES questionnaires was done on a continuous basis whenever new forms became available. As a result, a data set was available only a few weeks after the last round of data collection was completed. Further edit and consistency checks were then

4 carried out to ensure that all information was entered. Initial analysis showed that the information for a number of households was not enough, particularly the lack of expenditure information, to retain them in the data set.

The editing at this stage also included the calculation of quantitative information on food expenditures by household and its conversion to calorie values. Some more households were removed from the data set because of inadequate information, such as expenditures that were limited to non-foods only. At the same time it was clear that the nutrition contents of some of the items of the Maldivian menu were not adequately recorded. This was especially important for coconuts and, in Male', for prepared foods. Tests were conducted to weigh the contents of these products and then calculate the average calorie values based on the weight of the individual ingredients.

In addition, the classifications and coding lists used in the survey were cross-checked with the codes entered in the data set to ensure consistency. Where necessary, codes were modified, and sometimes added, to obtain the best possible results.

Once the final data set was completed, the final component of the raising factors, that is the adjustment for the number of respondents compared with the design, could be calculated. The overall raising factors were then available and for ease of later tabulations and calculations, all value and quantity information for the individual households was raised to reflect their overall contribution to these characteristics. Thus, the total number of household members given in the household data set adds up to the total number of persons estimated for 2002/03 in the population projections, as given in Table 1 above.

In order to ensure confidentiality of the information for the individual households, all identifiers were removed from the data set and a simple serial number was assigned to each household. This serial number forms the only link between the different tables in the data set. Only the basic identifying characteristics required for analysis of the survey results, such as survey round and region were retained.

1.5 Limitations All sample surveys are limited in that they are assumed to also represent the part of the population that was not included in the sample. As surveys have various sampling and non- sampling errors, such an assumption may not always be correct. In the HIES 2002/03, an important limitation is that the survey design was such that the results are representative for Male' and at the regional level (the five development regions) in the atolls. Thus, no conclusions can be drawn from the information on the situation in any particular atoll.

Also, it is important to note that the sample size of the survey is rather small when analysing the information at the regional level where only 120 observations are available for each region. The presentation of the results therefore needs to be balanced for regional and other detail. Therefore, for instance, the tabulations by the twelve income or expenditure groups is done at the level of the nation and Male'/ Atolls only. Similarly, population deciles are used for the Maldives total while quintiles are used at lower levels of aggregation. It may be noted that the latter are calculated separately for each set of strata, that is Male' and atolls, and within the latter the five regions so that an equal1 number of persons is represented in each quintile within each of the strata.

Enumeration and sample design problems, as described earlier, also led to a number of restrictions on the use of the information.

1 As the population numbers are derived from the sample households, minor variations from the 20% standard size of a quintile do occur due to variation in size of the households in the sample.

1.6 Structure of the Report In the following chapters, the (income) poverty situation in the country is analysed in Chapter 2. Working age population and employment is described in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 contains information on the household income and expenditure patterns of the population. Household savings, finance and wealth are enumerated in Chapter 5.

In the Appendices, the sample design has been described in Appendix 1 and a note on poverty measurements has been given at Appendix 2. This technical note is a copy of the one given in the VPA report and has been repeated herewith for ease of reference as the poverty and inequality concepts used in both studies are the same.

A set of detailed tables is also given while the main classifications used in the survey, that is, the atoll island list and the COICOP classification are attached.

To the extent possible, all information is presented separately for Male' and the Atolls and also at the regional level for the atolls and comparisons are made with the 1997/98 VPA.

1.7 Using the CD-ROM This report and the full data base is given on the accompanying CD-Rom. The reports and prepared tables are presented in both Acrobat PDF format as well as MS-Office Word and Excel formats. The database information is given as Paradox tables (.db), dBase (.dbf) and as standard comma-delimited text files (.csv). A set of instructions for the use of the CD-Rom are given on the CD-Rom.

Chapter 2: Income Poverty Summary Concepts and definitions Poverty has many dimensions, but in the HIES the analysis is limited to income poverty. Poverty has been defined in various ways. The concept of absolute poverty tries to determine the minimum income required to meet physical subsistence needs such as food, clothing and shelter, sometimes extended to essential services of health, education, transport, etc. It is usually based on nutritional requirements to derive a minimum food budget which is then raised for the other necessities. The concept of relative poverty defines poverty in relation to standards that exist in the society. A common poverty line in such cases is half the median per capita income.

A number of methodological issues required special attention during the compilation of the report. These included the methods used to impute own-produced consumption of goods and house rents, the measurement of income in terms of either income or expenditures and the concepts used to measure this income. As for the consumption of own-produced goods, valuation was done at prices prevailing in the local markets. This information could not always be verified, especially on the smaller islands covered in the survey as few cash transactions take place for the most widely used local items such as fish and coconuts. The extent of this problem was even larger for the estimation of rental values of owner-occupied dwellings on the islands as only a very small proportion of houses is rented out.

Furthermore, an increasing share of the earnings is obtained from wage employment, thereby reducing the potential bias in the estimates from the income side. In the report, most of the analysis uses the expenditure approach, but in the final chapter, describing household savings and wealth, the income data have also been used. It may be noted that there is a rather close correlation between the income and expenditure data for the individual households. More than half of the households fall within the same quintile (20-percent group) when measured from either the income or expenditure side and about seven out of eight households are within the same or adjacent income groups. For national accounts purposes, imputed values of own-consumption of goods and housing rents are included in household consumption. However, given the small number of houses rented in the atolls and the relatively large share of housing costs in overall expenditures, this approach is not the most suitable for all uses of the data, especially with respect to poverty analysis. Therefore, most of the analysis in the report is presented twice, using the measures of income including and excluding rent. On a few occasions, only imputed rent is excluded from income. The actual measure used in each case is always given.

Survey results Household consumption expenditures in Male' were about Rf.74 per person per day including rent and two-thirds of this, or fifty Rufiyaa per person per day excluding rents. Expenditures in the atolls are at roughly half this level on average. In the southern region incomes are highest. These are about twenty percent higher than those in the northern and central northern regions where they are lowest. These average incomes are in terms of the means. Using the median, that is the income at which half the population is above and half below the average, income in Male' is nearly twenty percent lower at Rf.61 per person per day. In the atolls, the median is some ten percent lower at Rf.31.

Using the MDG dollar-a-day line, poverty in Maldives is negligible. At the lowest VPA line, Rf.7.5 or half the mean in the atolls in 1998, only about four percent of the atoll population, and none in Male', were below this line five years later. In 1997/98, four times as many persons in the atolls were living below this poverty line. About one in six persons in Male' and nearly half the atoll population are below the highest poverty line, Rf.23 ($5 PPP) per person per day. These headcounts are based on expenditures excluding rent. As these average expenditures are about two thirds of those including rents, poverty measured with total income/expenditures is correspondingly lower with barely any persons below the Rf.7.5 poverty line and about one quarter of the atoll population below the Rf.23 line. The distribution of poverty in the atolls is similar at the different lines, with poverty highest in the central northern region, followed by the central southern region. Headcounts are lowest in the southern region at all poverty lines at either income concept.

The HIES results also show a substantial reduction in the inequality within the Maldives. The standard measure of this characteristic, the Gini coefficient derived from the VPA stood at 0.42 in 1997/98. The same indicator is 0.38 in the 2002/03 HIES, as shown with the Lorenz curves in the graph on the cover of this report. Over the same time, however, the between-Gini which is a measure of the difference between Male' and the Atolls, has increased from 0.12 to 0.17. As yet, it is unclear what caused this sharp change over such a short period of time.

Incomes of the poorest quintile have increased fastest, except in Central region, with the percentage increase in incomes of the richest quintile in the atolls only about two-thirds of that of the poorest twenty percent. In Male’, the difference is a little less with the richest quintile increasing by about three- quarters of the poorest fifth. These calculations are based on the expenditures excluding rent. As in both the atolls and Male’ the lowest income groups grew fastest, the inequality within each of these areas decreased. As already indicated, the inequality between Male’ and the atolls has increased significantly during the same period.

2.1 Introduction It is realised that poverty is more than just low income. Many factors contribute to poverty. These include food security, environmental security, the availability of safe drinking water and the knowledge of how to compensate for water-borne health hazards, access to health care and education, access to a means of distribution of goods lacking on the islands, which, in turn, means transportation opportunities as well as a sufficient income margin to purchase goods and services. Nevertheless, the concept of poverty used in this report is confined to income poverty.

2.2 Concepts Poverty has over time and in different situations been defined in many different ways. The

8 concept of absolute poverty defines poverty in terms of a minimum income required to meet minimal physical subsistence needs such as food, shelter and clothing. Subsistence is defined here as the maintenance of a basic level of living, a biological minimum, below which needs are not met. Minimal physical subsistence needs, such as the minimal number of calories per person per day required to survive are translated into money terms using the composition and the prices of the relevant food items from local market supplies. The so derived minimum food budget can further be raised with small amounts for clothing and housing and can be expanded even further from the minimum necessary for subsistence towards basic needs including not only food, housing and clothing, but also essential services such as education, health, transport, cultural facilities and safe drinking water and sanitation. The concept of relative poverty defines poverty in relation to the standards that exist elsewhere in society. Relative poverty defines the poor as not being able to participate in their own society due to low income. The relative poverty line is usually set at half the median per capita income. Since the choice of where to set “the” income poverty line is highly arbitrary, this report applies various different income poverty lines and considers the sensitivity of the choice of these lines with regard to location of poverty. The following seven income poverty lines are considered: 1. Rf. 4.34 per person per day, which corresponds with the Millennium Development Goals poverty line of $1 per person per day in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms 2. Rf.7.5 per person per day, as used in the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment 1998 (VPA) as the low income poverty line set at half the atoll median per capita income in 1997/98 3. Rf. 10 per person per day as used in the VPA as the “in-between” income poverty line 4. Rf. 15 per person per day as used in the VPA as the high income poverty line set at the level of the atoll median per capita income in 1998 5. Rf.15.8 per person per day, which is point of intersection of a regression line of calorie intake with income per capita at a norm of 2000 calories per person per day 6. Rf. 18 per person per day, being half the median per capita income in 2002 7. Rf. 23 per person per day, which is point of intersection of a regression line of the food share in household expenditures with household expenditures per capita below which the food share is higher than 1/3 of household expenditures.

2.2.1 Income Versus Expenditure In this report household consumption is used as a proxy for household income, rather than household income itself, for most of the analysis. This is the practice in most poverty studies based on household surveys. A number of reasons can be given for this preference. First, in many cases household consumption is more stable over time than household income. Second, the detailed measurement of household expenditures by item generally provides a good coverage of expenditures. On the income side, some respondents have a tendency to under-report their income for various reasons while others over-estimate their income, mainly because they do not understand the definition of income. This applies in particular to self- employed like fishermen and shopkeepers who often mention their sales as income, without taking into account the costs.

This report uses the household as the unit of analysis, while all estimates are expressed in per capita values. Therefore the underlying assumption is that households distribute their welfare equally among all their members. A presentation of the concepts and methodology underlying the study is provided in the Technical Note on The Measurement of Vulnerability and Poverty which is given at Appendix 2.

2.2.2 Imputing Own Produced Consumption General In a traditional society, many households are engaged in a range of productive activities. Sometimes, these are market-oriented and the major part of the production is sold. In other situations, such production is meant only for consumption within the own household. In the Maldives, there are very large differences between Male' and the islands in this respect. On Male', very little own production takes place, while on the islands many households have kitchen gardens, collect firewood from nearby uninhabited islands and are engaged in fishing, either for tuna in the open ocean or for reef fish in the lagoons. In order to correctly compare the income of households it is therefore necessary to take such home production into account.

The System of National Accounts (SNA) has for this purpose drawn up a number of rules that determine which types of products should be included and how their valuation should be done. According to this SNA definition all goods produced, whether for sale or own production, are to be included. In terms of activities, those goods are the outputs of agriculture, fisheries, mining, manufacturing, utilities and construction (ISIC sections A to F), plus the imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings. Services other than the imputed rent are valued only when these are actually sold.

Valuation of output for own consumption is done on the basis of prevailing market prices. Sometimes, it is hard to find such price information but it is generally possible to approximate the prices, especially when a proportion of the production (in the community, not necessarily the household under observation (is sold or when the goods are available also on the local market. It should be observed that in some item-categories, such as fish and fruits, the number of purchases in the atolls is only about half the total number of transactions registered for these products. In the atolls, more than a quarter of all food “expenditures” were imputations, with a substantially larger share in the small islands. The validity of the prices used to value these transactions has not been checked beyond the standard editing applied to all expenditures.

Imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings The imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings is treated differently from other services in the SNA. The need for shelter is a fundamental one. It can be obtained by renting a dwelling or by constructing one. Both options are widely used, and regularly also by the same households when they own property in one place and live for some time elsewhere, for instance because of work. In such instances, the own house is then often rented out while one is rented (or bought) at the new location.

The imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings can thus be expressed either as income foregone because the dwelling cannot be rented out, or as expenditure saved as no house rent needs to be paid. While the concept is easy in principle, it is sometimes difficult to imagine that houses can be rented out in the more remote islands. This will, however, be reflected in the value of the rents imputed, which is much lower in remote rural areas than in the urban environment.

In practice, the rent levels have been estimated on the basis of the reported rent paid by tenants for the different types of housing units. On Male’, these have been grouped separately for houses and apartments, while for the atolls, only houses have been taken. In addition, the house rents for Male’ have been analysed separately for Male' island and Villingili, as rental levels differ substantially between those two areas of town, mainly because Villingili is more remote and accessible only by ferry.

Figure 2.2.1 Monthly rent by location and number of rooms

7000

6000 Atolls Villingili Male'

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0 123

The number of observations of rented housing is fairly large in Male’, where about one of six households (39 households) reported rented accommodation. However, on the atolls rented housing was reported by only two percent of the households, that is, ten households. This latter number is too small to be confident about the representativeness of the reported rents.

In both the two Vulnerability and Poverty Assessments (1997/98 and 2004), the owner- occupiers were asked what the current rental value of their dwellings was. Although these answers are subjective, and may have an upward bias, the information was rather consistent between regions and dwelling sizes. In the HIES, average rents is the atolls were estimated at about a quarter of the rents in Male'. In the VPA 2004, owner-occupiers on average estimated the rental value of their dwellings at about forty percent of those in Male', while actual rents received (on a small number of observations) were about twenty-two percent of those in Male'. The latter is very similar to the HIES estimates. The actual rents in the atolls as reported in the 2000 population census were about 28% of those in Male', which is again consistent with the findings of both the HIES and the 2nd VPA. As the relative levels of rents between Male' and the atolls, whereby the latter are about a quarter of those in Male', seem to be reasonable, the observed rents have been used in the calculations.

Unlike many countries, the quality of the housing in the atolls and Male' is similar, with more than ninety percent of the dwelling having brick or concrete walls and nearly all having galvanised iron or cement roofing sheets. The 2000 population census, which gives this information, indicates that the average age of the dwellings, at about twelve years, is also similar in Male' and the atolls.

2.2.3 Applied Concepts This report uses the following three indicators for household income: 1. Household income excluding housing rents paid (expenditure-based): a. household consumption expenditure in cash plus b. imputed value of own production minus c. housing rent paid

2. Household income including housing rents paid (expenditure-based): a. household consumption expenditure in cash plus b. imputed value of own production plus c. imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings

3. Household income: a. Income from labour (salaries, entrepreneurial income) and pensions plus b. Income from capital investments plus

c. value of own production plus d. imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings Unless otherwise stated, the first concept is used as the proxy for household income. With the fast rise in incomes witnessed in the Maldives over the past decades, society has become more affluent and a larger proportion of incomes is saved. In the tabulations, groupings by income as well as expenditure are therefore presented for comparison.

2.2.4 Purchasing Power Parities (PPP)

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set out a number of targets. The first target, under the first goal, Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger, aims to halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day. This dollar is defined in terms of its purchasing power of consumption in 1993 international dollars (that is, in relative prices compared to New York at that time). As price levels in Maldives are substantially below those in New York, conversion from Rufiyaa to Dollar against the official exchange rates would underestimate the purchasing power in the Maldives. Purchasing Power Parities have been calculated for many countries. The methodology was originally developed at the University of Pennsylvania and was actively supported by the United Nations Statistical Office and the United Nations Development Programme in its initial phase. Later on, the World Bank became the leading international agency supporting the concept. Over time, an increasing number of countries has participated in the successive rounds of the International Comparison Project (ICP) that has been promoting and improving the methodology. Until now, Maldives has not participated in the programme, but Maldives participates in the recently launched round. For Asia, this is now co-ordinated by the Asian Development Bank. No direct measurements of PPPs have been taken place in Maldives to date and estimates have been prepared using mainly information from nearby countries. This information, prepared by the World Bank and available on the website of the UN Statistics Division under the Millennium Indicators, gives an exchange rate for the Rufiyaa (in 1993) of 3.517 per International Dollar. As the actual exchange rate during that period (1993) was eleven Rufiyaa per dollar on average, this implies a relative price level in Maldives that is 3.13 times lower than that prevailing in New York. Expressed in other words, 32 dollar cents bought the same basket of goods in Maldives as one dollar did in New York. For comparison, the PPP for India (which has participated in a number of the ICP rounds) has been calculated from the same data. In 1993, the average exchange rate between the Indian Rupee and the US Dollar was about 32 rupees per dollar. The PPP exchange rate for the period was given as 7.016 rupees per dollar, implying that 22 cents would buy the same goods in India as one dollar did in New York. This means that the Indian price levels were 45 percent lower than those in Maldives. As the reference base is 1993, there is a need for adjustment of the PPPs to current prices. Price developments in Maldives, as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), over the period since 1993 can be split into two distinct periods. From 1993 to the end of 1997, the reference period for the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment (VPA), price increases have seen substantial, measuring about thirty percent in total, or about six percent per year. In the subsequent period, from the end of 1997 to the end of 2002, the reference base for the HIES, prices have not changed much, as the index recorded a slight decrease of five percent over this five-year period. The information is summarised in the table below. The MDG reference of one dollar per day at the end of 2002 is therefore equivalent to Rf. 4.34. This implies that the average prices in Maldives are only about one-third of those in New York in the base period. For the traded goods, which are mostly imported, this appears to be incorrect. However, it should be borne in mind that the price levels are those for the complete consumption package, which includes the non-traded services. Price levels for the

12 latter are generally very much lower in Maldives than in the USA, often being less in Rufiyaas in Male' than they are in Dollars in New York. Maldives' participation in the ongoing round of the ICP project will provide direct estimates of the PPPs. These then can be used to verify the accuracy of the current ones, which have been derived indirectly.

In practice, this MDG is of little relevance to the Maldives. The HIES 2002 included only seven households, or about one percent of the total number of households in the sample, whose per capita income was found to be below this “dollar-a-day” threshold. This shows that the incidence of abject poverty in the Maldives is very low. Furthermore, this incidence has been reduced significantly from the already low level found in the more elaborate 1997 VPA. Table 2.2.2 Consumer Price Indices and PPPs in Maldives Period CPI Price Index Percentage Nominal exchange PPP exchange PPPs (1995 = 100) change rate rate

1993 Average 91.65 ... 11.01 3.52 3.13

1997 year end 1 118.81 29.6 11.72 4.56 2.57

2002 year end 1 113.29 -4.6 12.85 4.34 2.96

1 Average of the December and January indices

2.3 Income Levels Income concepts The concepts for household income given in section 2.2.3 above include two expenditure- based measures and one income-based measure. In general, household income analysis in low-income countries is based on one of the expenditure-based measures. In general, the first one listed is used. This measure excludes rent, both paid and imputed. The actual concept used is specified in the table, figure or text so that comparison of the different types of information is easier.

There are good reasons to extend the analysis of Maldivian income to the other two concepts. First, in Male', a substantial proportion of the households lives in rented accommodation, making cash expenditure on rent an important part of household expenditures in Male'. This phenomenon is measured in the second concept, which includes all rents in the expenditures, and adds imputed rents to household incomes. Although measured from the expenditure side, this concept is in line with the SNA definitions on household incomes.

Second, the income levels have increased very much over the past decades due to the booming tourism sector. This has led to an increase in discretionary income. This in turn has brought about a change in consumption patterns and an increase in savings. It may, therefore, be expected that differences exist between income and expenditure levels of individual households depending on their composition, age structure and outlook on life, rather than the implicit assumption made in the expenditure-based definitions that all households spend a similar proportion of their incomes.

Using the SNA definition of household incomes, that is, including both the rent paid and imputed, a comparison was made of the ranking of individual households by income and expenditure quintiles. The results are given in table 2.3.1 below. It may be observed that nearly half of the households are classified in the same quintile in both rankings, while about 85% is ranked in the same or in adjacent quintiles. Only about 3.5% is ranked more than two quintiles different in the two approaches.

It may be observed that the information in Table 2.3.1 presents information on the households covered in the survey, while the rankings are based on the persons living in those households. Each quintile is, by definition, twenty percent of the population. It thus becomes clear that the average household size for the higher income groups is substantially lower than that of the lower income groups. This is similar for both the ranking by expenditures and incomes, but somewhat more pronounced for the former, in which case the households in the poorest quintile are one and half times as large, on average, as those in the highest quintile.

Table 2.3.1 Distribution of households by income and expenditure quintiles (household rankings are based on national accounts concept of income/expenditure, which include all rents) Expenditure Income quintiles Quintiles 1 2 3 4 5 Total 1 8.8 4.1 2.3 0.6 0.5 16.2 2 4.7 6.7 4.0 1.8 0.6 17.7 3 2.2 4.8 6.4 4.8 1.4 19.5 4 1.2 1.9 5.4 7.3 5.0 20.9 5 0.4 0.5 1.9 6.0 16.9 25.7 Total 17.1 18.0 19.9 20.5 24.5 100.0

A review of the reasons for the large differences in ranking did not result in conclusive or systematic explanations. In a number of cases, households received large transfers from relatives, thus allowing them to spend more than their incomes. At the other extreme, some of the high-income households spent relatively little overall, although their food consumption levels were in line with nutritional requirements.

Undoubtedly, furthermore, a number of the households did not properly report their incomes, which is the commonly used argument for use of the expenditure-based measures of household income in analysis. This can be seen from the presentation in Table 2.3.2 that gives the purchases of household durables, which are representative for discretionary spending, in relation to the household income and expenditure rankings. The table expresses these purchases per household in comparison of those purchases for the average household.

Table 2.3.2 Intensity of purchases of household durables by income/expenditure quintiles (household rankings based on income/expenditure excluding imputed rent) Expenditure Income quintiles Quintiles 1 2 3 4 5 Total 1 0.23 0.39 0.37 0.43 0.16 0.29

2 0.34 0.38 0.38 0.32 0.44 0.37 3 0.59 0.33 0.47 1.05 0.44 0.59 4 0.38 0.74 0.99 1.34 0.97 1.05 5 1.61 1.56 1.15 1.82 2.41 2.15 Total 0.34 0.44 0.65 1.30 1.91 1.00

A value above 1 therefore indicates that within that income/expenditure group households spent more than average and a value below 1 indicates spending below the average. It is then to be expected that the households in lower quintiles spend less than the average while households in the highest quintiles spend (much) more than the average. For this analysis, the first concept, namely expenditures excluding rent is used as this is a closer approximation of availability of money for discretionary expenditure. It may be remembered that imputed rent is an adjustment that adds the same value to income and expenditure, changing the relative position of the household in the rankings only.

It can be observed that, in general, the higher quintiles have values of more than 1, while the lower quintiles mostly have values below 1. The most important numbers are those on the diagonal giving the same ranking for both incomes and expenditures (from upper left to lower right in the table) as these cells contain the highest number of households. The inconsistent numbers for some of the off-diagonal cells in the table sometimes are due to the low number of observations (e.g. the 0.16 against the one-but-last cell in the first row) and therefore are not significant.

In summary, it may be concluded that there is merit in analysing the household characteristics in the Maldives by income as well as expenditure groupings, as there are clear indications that prosperity has increased to an extent that the basic assumption in the use of expenditures as an approximation of incomes, is no longer valid. This specifies, implicitly, that households in all income classes spend more or less the same proportion of their incomes. Measured (imperfectly) in terms of income groups, the lowest quintile spends less than half as much on consumer durables than the highest quintile, with probably equally large differences in savings behaviour. It is, however, not possible to use the income classification with confidence as there are clearly (under)reporting problems. However, this only indicates the need to improve the income and savings parts of future household surveys so that these important aspects can be included in the analysis.

Regional grouping Figure 2.3.3 Regional grouping of atolls

As mentioned earlier, Region Alphabetic name Official name the sample design of Northern Haa Alifu Atoll North Thiladhunmathi the survey was based Haa Dhaalu Atoll South Thiladhunmathi on a regional Shaviyani Atoll North Miladhunmadhulu stratification of the Central Northern Noonu Atoll South Miladhunmadhulu Raa Atoll North Maalhosmadhulu country. In addition, Baa Atoll South Maalhosmadhulu these regions were Lhaviyani Atoll Faadhippolhu further stratified into Central Kaafu Atoll Male' Atoll nearby and remote Alifu Alifu Buri North Ari Atoll Alif Dhaalu South Ari Atoll sub-regions, but as Vaavu Atoll Felidhu Atoll explained earlier, this Male' Capital Male' Male' did not yield reliable Central Southern Meemu Atoll Mulakatholhu information and the Faafu Atoll * North Nilandhe Atoll sub-stratification has, Dhaalu Atoll South Nilandhe Atoll Thaa Atoll Kolhumadhulu therefore, not been Laamu Atoll Hadhunmathi reflected in either the Southern Gaafu Alifu Atoll North Huvadhu Atoll analysis in the Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll South Huvadhu Atoll following chapters or Gnaviyani Atoll Fuvahmulah Addu Atoll the tables in the Seenu Atoll Annex. The regional grouping has been marked on the map of the Maldives in the front of this publication. In terms of administrative atolls, the grouping is as given in the box at the right. The graphs and analysis presented in the following chapters generally are given with the regional detail following the outline of this table.

Figure 2.3.4 below shows the average household consumption expenditure per person per day in the five regions and Male'. Average expenditure (mean) in Male' is about twice as high as that in the islands. The incomes in the different regions does not show large differences with the highest, Southern region, about twenty percent higher than that of the lowest, that is, Northern region.

* Note: In the HIES Faafu Atoll has been kept in the Central region. When the five development regions within the country were finalised Faafu Atoll is in the Central Southern region.

Figure 2.3.4 Household consumption expenditure per person per day, in Rufiyaa

33 Republic 46 50 Male' 74 27 Atolls 35 24 North 33 Expenditures Excl. Rent 25 Expenditures Incl. Rent Central North 33 28 Centre 35 26 Central South 35 31 South 39

0 1020304050607080

2.4 Income Poverty As indicated in the introduction, a technical note on the measurement of vulnerability and poverty has been given at Appendix 2. As described in section 2.2, no national poverty line has been established. Instead, a number of different levels have been used in the analysis. Some of those are copied from the VPA 98 (the Rf.7.5, Rf 10 and Rf 15 lines), while the lowest measure is the dollar-a-day MDG goal. Other lines are based on calorie intake and average incomes.

Figure 2.4.1 Income distribution and averages for Maldives, 2002/03 based on the national accounts definition of income (including rent), measured by expenditures 36

30 Republic Malé 27 Atolls 24

21 Averages Mode Median Mean 18 Republic 31 36 46 Male'436174 15 Atolls 26 31 35 12

0 Percent 0 - 12 12 - 24 12 - 36 24 - 48 36 - 60 48 - 72 60 - 84 72 - 96 84 96 - 108 108 - 120 108 - 132 120 - 144 132 - 156 144 - 168 156 - 180 168 - 192 180 - 204 192 - 216 204 - 228 216

Three different averages can be used for the purpose, namely mean, median and mode. These are depicted in the income distribution given in Figure 2.4.1.The mean, at Rf. 46 per person per day for the Republic in 2002/03, gives the average expenditure per person expressed as total household expenditure divided by the total number of persons. The median household income of Rf. 36 per person per day is the level at which half the population has a higher income and the other half a lower one. The mode represents the largest income group and is Rf. 31 per person per day. This order of the three average measures is common in income distributions, but their distance depends on the skewdness of the distribution for a country. The values of the three averages are also given for Male' and the Atolls. While the mode is about two-thirds higher in Male' than in the atolls, the mean income in Male' is more than twice as high.

In Table 2.4.2, the average household incomes and inequalities for the republic, Male’ and the atolls are summarised for both the HIES 2002/03 and the VPA 1997/98. The mean income in Maldives increased from Rf.24 to Rf.35 per person per day, or with nearly half. For Male’, the increase was about two-thirds while in the atolls it was more than one-third. Median incomes have increased even more during the same period, which implies that income disparities have been reduced significantly. This can be seen from the Gini- coefficients which show large reductions all-around. The calculations are done using the definition used in the VPA 1997/98, which excluded imputed rent.

Table 2.4.2 Average household income, (excluding imputed rent), 1997/98 & 2002/03 Republic Male' Atolls VPA HIES VPA HIES VPA HIES Rf per person per day 1997/98 2002/03 1997/98 2002/03 1997/98 2002/03 Mean Income 24 35 35 58 20 27 Median Income 17 27 26 45 15 23 Gini Coefficient 0.42 0.38 0.40 0.35 0.40 0.32

2.4.1 Headcount Ratios The headcount ratio gives the percentage of the people living below a given poverty line. The number of people below the MDG's “dollar-a-day” poverty line registered in the survey was so low that it is irrelevant for poverty analysis in the Maldives and this poverty line has, therefore been excluded from the discussions below. Table 2.4.3 shows the headcount ratios for the poverty lines used in the VPA.

Table 2.4.3 gives the headcounts below the three proverty lines used in VPA 1997/98. During the five years between the surveys, major improvements in the poverty situation were recorded. The share of the population below the Rf.10 poverty line (about 2.3 PPP dollars) dropped by three-quarters from about 22% to only five percent nationwide. It disappeared entirely in Male’, where no poverty was measured using any of the three lines, and saw a similar sharp reduction, to seven percent, in the atolls. Using the Rf 15 pppd poverty line, the headcount halved from about 51% to 26% in the atolls and from 43% to 19% in the republic. In Male’, about one sixth of the population was below this poverty line in 1997/98, but only a minor number was found in the current HIES survey.

A commonly-used poverty indicator is the number of people living on less than half the median income, that is with a daily income of less than Rf. 18. As can be observed from Figure 2.4.2, in Male', basically no incomes below this line were measured while between eight and fifteen percent of the population of the different regions fell below this relative poverty line. Table 2.4.3 Population below various poverty lines, 1997/98 & 2002/03

(expenditures excluding imputed rent), Poverty lines % of population below the poverty line Republic Male' Atolls VPA HIES VPA HIES VPA HIES Rf per person per day 1997/98 2002/03 1997/98 2002/03 1997/98 2002/03 7.5 12.6% 2.7% 4.9% 0.0% 15.2% 3.8% 10 21.9% 5.0% 7.9% 0.1% 26.7% 6.8% 15 42.5% 18.9% 18.4% 0.4% 50.8% 25.7%

Figure 2.4.4 Headcount ratio with a poverty line of half the median, or Rf. 18 pppd (based on the national accounts definition of income (including rent), measured by expenditures)

North 14.4%

Central North 15.7%

Male' 0.1%

Central 7.6%

Central South 11.0%

South 13.4%

0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% 18.0%

The headcount ratio for the two northern regions, at about 14 percent, or one in seven persons, is substantially higher than that measured in the central and southern regions where about one in ten persons is below this line.

2.4.2 Poverty Dominance with Unknown Poverty Lines In Figure 2.4.5, the headcount ratios for the different poverty lines are given for Male' and the five regions. Only at the highest poverty line of Rf. 23 per person per day, equivalent to about $5.25 in Purchasing Power Parities, does some of the Male' population fall below the poverty line, but even then it is only about three percent. At this high poverty line, about one third of the people in the central northern and central southern regions are poor.

Figure 2.4.5 Headcount ratios for different poverty lines (including rent)

Male'

Atolls

North 23 18 15.8 Central North 15 10 Central 7.5

Central South

South

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

As mentioned earlier, only a minimal level of poverty was measured in Male' against the highest of the poverty lines used, which basically means that severe income poverty does not play an important part in Male'.

Figure 2.4.6 Headcount ratios for different poverty lines (excluding rent)

Male'

Atolls

North 23 18 15.8 Central North 15 10 Central 7.5

Central South

South

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

The difference between Figure 2.4.5 and Figure 2.4.6 is the definition of income. The definition used in Figure 2.4.5 includes rents, both actually paid as well as imputed, in the expenditures. As expenditures are treated as a proxy for income in this regard, incomes also includes the estimated rents.

In Male' more than one third of the households live in rented accommodation according to

20 the 2000 population census. For Male', the best definition of income is therefore the one shown in Figure 2.4.5 as there is a ready market for housing and rental values can be estimated with a good degree of accuracy also for the households that live in their own houses. In the Atolls, only about one in forty households live in rented accommodation and estimating the rental values of owner-occupied dwellings is, therefore, much more difficult. It is, however, not impossible as even on many small islands some dwellings are rented out. For imputation in this HIES survey, the average rents received are used (see section 2.2.2).

Using the income definition as expenditures excluding actual and imputed rents, Figure 2.4.6 gives the poverty situation measured against the same poverty lines as used in Figure 2.4.5. Of course, the situation in this case looks much worse as the cost of housing is an important expenditure category, whether or not it is imputed. As income is here measured from the expenditure side and the rents are excluded, the proportion of the population falling below the different poverty lines is by definition higher than when rents are included in income. But even then, less than three percent fall below the lowest poverty line of Rf. 7.5 per person per day. There are, however, large differences at the higher poverty lines, with close to half of the atoll population and one sixth of the population of Male' falling under the highest poverty line of Rf. 23 per person per day.

From the information given in Figure 2.4.6 it can furthermore be deducted that poverty in the northern, central northern and central southern regions follows broadly the same pattern and is much worse than in the central and southern regions. Southern region has the lowest incidence of poverty at all poverty lines except at the Rf.15.8 and Rf.15 poverty lines, where central region has a lower headcount.

2.4.3 Poverty Gap Ratios The headcount ratio indicates the share of the population falling below each selected poverty line, but does not give an indication of the depth of the poverty. The headcount will be the same for example, when the average income is only half the poverty line or when it is just below the line. The average income shortfall on the other hand measures the average distance of the poor to the poverty line. Also this measure is deficient as it does not take into account the number of poor. A better measure, therefore, is the Poverty Gap Ratio (PGR) which takes care of both the incidence and depth of poverty. It is calculated as the product of headcount index and the average income shortfall.

Figure 2.4.7 Poverty Gap Ratio with a poverty line of half the median, or Rf. 18 pppd

Republic 1.1%

Male' 0.0%

Atolls 1.5%

North 3.5%

Central North 3.7%

Central 1.0%

Central South 3.0%

South 1.5%

0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0%

The PGR's for the five regions and Male' are given in Figure 2.4.7. It may be observed that, using the poverty line of half the median, that is, Rf. 18 pppd ($4.2 in PPP's), the index is highest for the central northern region, closely followed by the northern and central southern regions, with values between 3 and 3.7%. The southern and cental regions both have a much lower index, between 1 and 1.5%, while in Male' barely any poverty is measured.

2.5 Incomes Changes over Time

Changes in income over time can be measured in various ways. It is possible to compare the various poverty indicators from the two surveys that are available, namely the 1997/98 VPA and this HIES. This is presented in Figure 2.5.1 for Maldives, Male' and the Atolls.

The three poverty lines charted in the figure are those for Rf. 15 (blue), Rf. 7.50 (green) and Rf. 4.34 (purple) per person per day. From 1997/98 and 2002/03 all three have shown drastic reductions, both in Male' and the atolls, with the MDG's dollar-a-day (Rf.4.34) poverty basically eradicated in 2002/03. In Male' none of these poverty lines is significant anymore.

The most striking change has been the extremely sharp reduction in the population below the highest of the three poverty lines indicated. While nearly half the population was below this poverty line in 1997/98, this has been reduced to about one in five Maldivians only five years later. At the lower poverty lines, progress was even more stunning. In the atolls, one in six persons was below the Rf.7.5 per day poverty line in 1997/98. This has dropped to only four percent in 2003.

Figure 2.5.1 Change in poverty at various poverty lines between 1997/98 and 2002/03

Maldives Male' Atolls 55% 55% 55% 51% 50% 50% 50%

45% 43% 45% 45%

40% 40% 40%

35% 35% 35%

30% 30% 30% 26% 25% 25% 25%

20% 20% 19 % 18 % 20% 15% 15 % 15 % poverty gap ratio's gap poverty 13 % 15 %

10 % 10 % 10 % 5% 3% 5% 5% 5% 4% 4% 3% 1% 0.4% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1995 2000 2005 1995 2000 2005 1995 2000 2005

Another possibility to measure income changes over time is to ask the householders in a survey about their individual experiences. This has also been done in the HIES 2002/03. The summary of responses is given in Figure 2.5.2. It may be observed that about the same number of households reported increases and decreases of income in both the central northern and central regions. In the other regions, more households reported increases than decreases. The most significant change has occurred in the central southern region where twice as many households reported increases than decreases.

Figure 2.5.2 Households reporting decrease/increase in income between 1997and 2002

South -18% 32%

Central South -19% 37%

Central -29% 24%

Increased Central North -24% 22% Decreased

North -24% 28%

Atolls -23% 29%

Male' -30% 32%

Republic -25% 29%

-50% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

A third possibility is to look at the change in the possession of consumer durables. For the regular visitor to Male' this change has been very easy to notice. While in 1997/98 the streets were lined with bicycles, many of these have now been replaced with motorcycles. The change has been captured in Figure 2.5.3 for a dozen significant consumer durables. Both the increased incomes as well as the increased availability of electricity in the atolls has led to the large increases in the possession of consumer durables found throughout.

Figure 2.5.3 Percentage of households reporting consumer durables in 1997and 2002

Male' Atolls 40 54 HIES Bicycle 44 21 2002/03 50 9 VPA (Motor)cycle 18 1 1997/98 Mobile phone 72 19 76 15 Telephone 38 1 TV 95 66 49 11 Cable TV 37 14 VCR/ VCP/ VCDP 74 55 39 9 Gas cooker 83 24 26 2 60 23 Electric Sewing Machine 35 12 86 38 Refrigerator / Fridge 47 9 91 73 Washing Machine 56 23 Computer 47 8 5 0

0 20 40 60 80 1000 20 40 60 80 100

The only (marginal) reduction in the possession of consumer durables found was that of bicycles in Male', but at the same time the number of households owning (motor)cycles has increased drastically to about half the total, thereby overtaking the penetration rate of bicycles. The large changes in the atolls, such as the possession of TV's, VCR's and washing machines have been influenced by the wider availability of electricity in addition to the rising incomes. Similarly, the extension of the telephone network and the introduction of mobile phones has had a significant impact in the atolls. It may be noted that in Male, three quarters of the households now own mobile phones and about half have a personal computer.

Finally, the increase in household incomes can be measured by means of the reported expenditures. The results of this comparison have been given in Figure 2.5.4. While average

24 household expenditures (excluding rents) have increased by about thirteen percent in the northern region and some seventeen percent in the central region, all other regions and Male' experienced increases of about half over the five-year period.

Figure 2.5.4 Average per capita expenditures (excluding Rent) in 1997and 2002

33 Republic 23 50 Male' 32 27 Atolls 19 24 2002/03 North 21 1997/98 25 Central North 16 28 Centre 24 26 Central South 17 31 South 20

0 102030405060 Rf. per person per day

The same information by expenditure groups (defined on the basis of expenditures excluding rent) for Male' and the Atolls is given in Figure 2.5.5. It shows clearly that the disparity between Male' and the Atolls has increased significantly over this five year period, especially for the highest income groups.

Figure 2.5.5 Average per capita expenditures by quintile, Male' and Atolls, 1997and 2002 (expenditures excluding imputed rent)

140 Male' 1997/98 Male' 2002/03 Atolls 1997/98 Atolls 2002/03 120

100

0 Poorest 20% 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile Richest 20%

All four approaches to measurement of the change in incomes over the five-year period between the two surveys yield broadly the same results. The fast rise in average incomes during the period has led to a significant drop in poverty and a sharp increase in discretionary incomes as measured by the population below the various poverty lines and the increased

25 possession of consumer durables respectively. Many more households also reported an increase in incomes rather than declines over the period, while the average expenditures per capita also showed large positive changes. These changes were, however, not equally distributed over the regions, nor the expenditure quintiles.

When measuring progress in economic development, the change in headcount ratios can also be used. In Figure 2.5.6, the headcount ratios for the lowest poverty line, Rf.7.5 (US$ 1.75 PPP) are given for Male’, the atolls and the regions.

Figure 2.5.6 Headcount ratios for poverty line of Rf. 7.5 (excluding imputed rent)

2.7% Republic 12.6% 0.0% 2002/03 Male' 4.9% 1997/98 3.8% Atoll 15.2% 7.5% North 12.0% 4.5% Central North 25.3% 2.5% Central 5.2% 3.4% Central South 23.3% 0.6% South 7.8%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0%

In Male’, poverty at this line completely disappeared while in the atolls it was reduced by three-quarters. The central northern and central southern regions showed major reductions of about eighty percent, but the change in the northern region was much more modest at about one third.

The changes at the higher poverty line of Rf.15 per person per day in the atolls are lower, but at about half still very substantial. Here again, it is only the northern region that has a much lower reduction in poverty. The headcount ratios at this poverty line are given in Figure 2.5.7.

Figure 2.5.7 Headcount ratios for poverty line of Rf. 15 (excluding imputed rent)

Republic 18.9% 42.5% 2002/03 0.4% 1997/98 Male' 18.4% 25.7% Atoll 50.8% 30.3% North 46.2% 30.9% Central North 65.2% 15.5% Central 36.5% 32.9% Central South 61.3% 19.2% South 40.7%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0%

Chapter 3: Working Age Population and Employment Summary

The working age population of Maldives was estimated at about 160 thousand persons. Slightly less than half of those were estimated to be in the labour force, but it may be noticed that the questions in the HIES are not exactly the same as those in the population census 2000 or the VPA. This may have resulted in slight differences in the estimates. About two-thirds of the male population was found to be in the labour force as against nearly one-third of the females. There was no difference in these patterns between Male' and the atolls. In Male', roughly one in three workers reported to have a second job, but this was the case for only about five percent of the workers in the atolls.

It was found that about one quarter of the working population was self-employed, which is low for developing nations. The distribution of self-employed between men and women is not even. Nearly four in ten employed women reported to be self-employed, while only one in six men reported this status. Conversely, the share of employees in the labour force is high at about sixty percent. Two-third of the men and more than half the women are employees.

The labour force consists for about one-third of production workers, with roughly the same number of males and females. About one in six persons was agriculture/fisheries worker and another sixth were administrative workers. In the latter group, slightly more women than men were working, but in agriculture and fisheries only one in six of the workers was female. As mentioned, the share of women in the labour force was about half of that for men. In addition, fewer women were engaged in professional and technical fields. These differences are accentuated by the average monthly income reported by men and women, as women on average earned less than half the men's incomes in both the atolls and Male'.

3.1 Introduction The working age population of the Maldives, defined as the persons of 15 years of age and above, is about 162,000 persons, with slightly more females than males. The number of persons reporting to be economically active is about 43 percent of the total. For males, it is 65 percent while for females it is slightly above 23 percent. Figure 3.1.1 furthermore shows that about a quarter of the working-age population, mostly female, is engaged in housework while a fifth is studying. About one-seventh of the adults specify that they are doing nothing specific. This includes amongst others the chronically ill, pensioners and other income earners. Between Male' and the atolls, the overall picture is the same. The main differences are the relatively higher share of women doing housework in the atolls and the higher share of students, both male and female, in the working age population of Male'.

The population that reports to be economically active is the major, but not the only part of the labour force. The labour force also includes those persons that are working but whose main activity is reported as one of the three other categories (studying, house making and others). This group adds about fifteen percent to the number of workers. Furthermore, no information is included on the unemployed, unless they had reported themselves to be economically active.

Figure 3.1.1 Working-age population by activity status and sex

180,000

Both Sexes 160,000 Males Females 140,000

120,000

100,000

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0 Economic activity Studying/on training Doing housework Doing nothing Total specific Male' Atolls

120,000 Both Sexes 100,000 Males Females 80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0 Economic Studying/ Doing Doing noth- Total Economic ac- Studying/ on Doing Doing noth- Total activity on training housework ing specific tivity training housework ing specific

Figure 3.1.2 Estimated labour force participation The approximate (working) labour force, rates by sex, Male' and atolls calculated as those persons of 15 years and above that reported to be 80.0% economically active plus those that

Both Sexes reported income earning activities in 66.8% 67.0% 66.7% Males addition to their main status, is nearly half Females the working age population. It is basically 60.0% identical between the Male' and the atolls,

48.9% 49.3% 48.7% both overall and by gender. About two thirds of the male population is in the 40.0% labour force while slightly less than one 33.2% 32.6% 31.3% third of the women is in the labour force as defined here. This is shown in Figure 3.1.2. It may be noted that the labour 20.0% force estimates exclude foreigners, mostly domestic servants, living with Maldivian families. 0.0% Maldives Male' Atolls

Figure 3.1.3 Estimated labour force by sex, Male' and atolls

As indicated in Figure 3.1.3, males make up about two-thirds of the labour force while females make up the remainder. Slightly more than one third of the labour force is resident in Male' with the rest living in the atolls.

In Male', about 35 percent of the working population reported to have a second job. With such opportunities much lower in the atolls, Male' – males there only about five percent of the working Atolls – population held a second job. The percentages males of males and females having second jobs are Male' – females the same in both Male' and the atolls. Atolls – females

3.2 Sectoral Employment Employment in Maldives comprises both Maldivian and expatriate workers. The number of expatriates employed is large and forms a substantial share of the total labour force. At the moment it is between one quarter and one third of the total and it continues to increase fast. Foreign households and institutional accommodation such as labour camps were excluded from the HIES. Therefore, no information on the foreign labour force except for a number of expatriate domestic servants living with Maldivian families and some foreigners married to Maldivians can be derived from the HIES. All foreigners have been excluded from the analysis in the following sections.

Figure 3.2.1 shows the distribution of the Maldivian labour force by economic activity. One- sixth of the labour force in engaged in manufacturing activities. Another sixth is working in public administration. Another sixth is working in education and health services, mostly in the public sector. Fishing employs about an eight of the population with trade engaging about ten percent. Other activities are of lesser importance.

Figure 3.2.1 Summary of employment of Maldivians by economic activity

Agriculture 4

Fishing 13

Manufacturing 17

Electricity & Water Supply 2

construction 4

Trade 10

Hotels & Restaurants 6

Transport & communication 6

Finance, real estate, etc 2

Public administration 16

Education 10

Health & social work 4

Other services & domestics 4

Other & not specified 1

0 Percentages 5 10 15 20

It may be noted in this respect that the tourism sector, mostly hotels and restaurants, is the most important one in the economy in terms of income. Because of its service-oriented nature it is also a large employer. Nonetheless, it does not feature among the largest activities in terms of Maldivian employment as a large part of its work force is foreign. For similar reasons does the construction activity show a much lower share in the labour force than its economic importance, especially on Male'. Figure 3.2.2 Labour force shares by employment The large share of government in Maldivian status employment is the main reason for the large proportion of employees in the labour force. Public administration, education and health account for about half the total number of employees.

Public administration is mainly based in Male' and the share of employees there, more than three quarters of the labour force, is Employer substantially higher than in the atolls, where it Employee is just over half the total. Consequently, the Own- shares of own account workers and unpaid Account workers are higher in the atolls than in Male'. worker Unpaid/ group worker

Figure 3.2.3 Labour force shares by employment status and sex

70 About eight percent of the Total male labour force is 60 Male employer and two-thirds Female employee. For females 50 those two are less than two percent and half 40 respectively. The share of 30 female own-account workers is, however, 20 much higher than that for males. The information is 10 shown in Figure 3.2.3. 0 Employer Employee Own-Account worker Unpaid/ group worker

The distribution of Maldivian employment in the various economic activities between Male' and the atolls is depicted in Figure 3.2.4.

Figure 3.2.4 Employment shares of Male' and atolls by economic activity

Agriculture

Fishing

Mining & Quarrying

Manufacturing

Electricity & Water Supply

construction

Trade

Hotels & Restaurants Male' Transport & communication Atolls Financial intermediation

Real estate & business activities

Public administration

Education

Health & social work

Social & personal services

Domestic labour

Extra-territorial bodies

Activity not specified

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

As might be expected, agriculture and fisheries are overwhelmingly concentrated in the atolls, while financial, real estate and business services are mostly located in Male'. Nearly two thirds of labour in the trade activities is also located in Male. Given the fact that Male' has only about one-third of the population, activities such as hotels and restaurants, transport and communications and public administration are more concentrated in Male' than in the atoll. Logically, embassies and other foreign diplomatic establishments are only found in Male'.

The facts that incomes in Male' are higher than those in the atolls and that more people there are working as employees away from home explains the much larger share in the employment of domestic labour in Male' as compared to the atolls.

Figure 3.2.5 Employment by economic activity and region

6,500

6,000

5,500

5,000

4,500

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0 Male' North Central North Centre Central South South

Agriculture Fishing Mining & Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity & Water Supply construction Trade Hotels & Restaurants Transport & communication Financial intermediation Real estate & business service Public administration Education Health and social work Other social & personal services Domestic workers Extraterritorial organisations Activity not specified

Figure 3.2.5 shows that employment in public administration (yellow) is clearly concentrated in Male', where more than six thousand persons are working in this activity. Similarly, the trade activities (blue) are also mostly concentrated in Male'. Manufacturing activity (light blue) is the most widespread activity. It is a significant source of employment across the regions and engages between three and three and half thousand workers in four out of the six areas, while there are between 1500 and 2000 manufacturing workers in the other two areas. Fishing (maroon) is another important activity that is carried on everywhere outside Male' at a fairly large scale, although its distribution is more uneven than that of manufacturing. The cental and northern regions are the most important with about three thousand workers each. The other regions have between 1500 and 2000 persons engaged in fishing. Agriculture (grey-blue) is barely found in Male' and the central northern and central regions while it is most important in the north.

3.3 Employment by occupational groups The distribution of employment by occupational groups is given in Figure 3.3.1. Professional workers make up less than ten percent of the labour force while administrative workers make up about fifteen percent of the labour force. The largest group, about one third of the total, consists of production workers, followed by agricultural and fisheries workers. As mentioned earlier, at ten percent the share of service workers, which include the major part of the tourism industry, is low in relation to the importance of the activity in the Maldivian economy but large numbers of expatriates are employed in this industry.

The distributions of male and female workers over the various occupational groups is quite

33 different. Female workers make up only a very small proportion of the professional and technical workers They are also present in smaller numbers only amongst the agricultural and fisheries workers. On the other hand, there are more female administrative workers than males, while the share of female production workers is about fifteen percent higher than that of males.

Figure 3.3.1 Employment by occupational groups

8 Both Genders Professional, Technical workers 7 1 Males 14 Females Administrative workers 7 8

10 Clerical workers, etc 7 3

5 Sales workers 3 3

10 Service workers 7 3

18 Agriculture & fisheries workers 15 3

32 Production workers, etc 18 15

3 Workers not classified 2 1

0 10 20 30 40 50

3.4 Access to Productive Employment by women The female labour force participation rate, at about one-third of the working age population, is only half the rate for males. This is the case for both Male' and the atolls. In addition, the share of women in the higher level jobs in the professional and technical fields is only a fraction of that for males.

The on average lower level jobs of women as well as their shorter average working hours together result in substantially lower average incomes for female than for male workers. This holds for Male' as well as the atolls and for all economic activities. Monthly average incomes in Male' and the atolls by gender are given in Figure 3.4.1.

Figure 3.4.1 Average monthly income by sex for Male' and the atolls (Rf. Per month)

7,000 Average Males Females 6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

Male' Atolls Average

Chapter 4: Household Income and Expenditure Summary

4.1 Introduction Figure 4.1.1 Household incomes by source Households derive their incomes from a variety of 6 sources. As shown in Figure 0 4.1.1, in Maldives the main 4 sources are wages, which make up about 45% of the total household income. This Wages and salaries includes the wages of non- Wage Income from 38 Non-resident resident earners, mostly Earners Business Income 20 working on the resorts and to a Imputed Rent lesser extent in Male' and as Own production Other Incomes seamen. The second-largest Property Income source of income is from business. This is about a quarter of the total. Imputed rents of owner-occupied dwelling make up about one- fifth of total income, but this is attributed rather than cash receipts. Excluding this source of income, wages make up 6 about 55% and business 25 income one-third of the total respectively. The remaining income is mostly earned from own production (4%) and property as income (6%). Other sources of income are negligible.

On average, the households receive an additional thirteen percent of their incomes as income transfers. Pensions and government assistance only account for a minor proportion of this (about 0.5%). At about eighteen percent of income in the atolls, the income transfers there are about three times the six percent registered in Male'.

Household consumption expenditures are used as a measure of income in most developing countries. This has also been done in the major part of the analysis of the Maldivian HIES data presented in this report. The expenditures have been classified according to the Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose (COICOP), one of the United Nations' functional classifications used for national accounting purposes. The summary listing of the COICOP classification is given as Attachment B.

Household consumption consists of goods obtained through four different channels. First, there are the goods and services that are purchased against (cash) payment for consumption by the purchaser's household. Second, there are consumer goods and services received as salaries in kind. Third, there are goods (and imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings) produced by the household for own consumption. Finally, there are goods and services received as gifts from individuals (family, friends, and so on, but not household members), various organisations and the government in the country as well as from relatives, friends and others abroad. The goods donated by household members as gifts to others outside the household are not part of household consumption expenditures.

4.2 Expenditure patterns There have been substantial changes in the expenditure patterns in Male’ between 1993 and the present. There are also major differences in the consumption expenditure between Male’ and the Atolls. The most remarkable change over the ten years since the first HIES in Male' is the sharp reduction in expenditures on food and the opposite fast increase in expenditures on housing. While food expenditures in Male' in 1993 accounted for about one-third of the total cash household consumption expenditures, this had gone down to less than one- quarter. At the same time, expenditure on housing (rent paid, electricity, water, etc.) had gone up from about fifteen percent to nearly the same as food expenditures, that is a quarter of the total.

Figure 4.2.1 Cash expenditures by item group, Male' 1993, Male' and the atolls 2002/03

35 Male 93 Male Atolls 30

0 Food Other Hotels Health Clothing Housing Tobacco Religious Transport Education Household Recreation Communications

The reduction in expenditure on clothing was compensated by a similar increase in recreational expenditures. Education expenses had gone down by about the same percentage as health expenditure has increased over the decade under review.

The household expenditures in Male' for all income quintiles are roughly twice as high as those for the same income groups in the atolls. In Male', the richest twenty percent of the population spends nearly five times as much as the poorest quintile. The ratio between richest and poorest quintiles in the atolls is about four. This information is summarised in Table 4.2.2, whereby the expenditures are given including rent.

Table 4.2.2 Summary of expenditure by income group for Male' and the atolls (Rf. Per person per day) Male' Atolls Quintiles 1 poorest 20% 31 17 2nd quintile 46 25 3rd quintile 62 32 4th quintile 85 41 5 richest 20% 153 65 mean 75 36

4.3 Expenditure patterns by income groups Figure 4.3.1 shows the expenditures on the various items by income groups in Male'. The share of expenditures on the two largest components, that is, housing and food, declines systematically with increased income, except for housing for the lowest income group. Housing expenditures in Male' take up about forty percent of the total, twice as much as food.

Figure 4.3.1 Expenditures by income and product groups for Male' (in percentages)

Food

Tobacco

Clothing

Housing

Furniture

Health

Transport Poorest 20% 2 Communication 3 4 Recreation Richest 20% Education

Hotels

Miscellaneous

Religion

0 10 20 30 40 50

Household expenditures on both education and health are rather low for all income groups. Primary education is universal while secondary education has also reached a relatively large share of the young. The average life expectancy, a fair indicator of adequacy of health expenditures, has increased sharply over the past decades and now approach developed- country levels. The 2000 population census indicated a life expectancy for males of nearly 71 years and of more than 72 years for females. Therefore, taking into account that these two services are widely available and extensively used, this indicates that most of the expenditures on these activities are provided at nominal cost to the households with the government budget absorbing most of the costs of their provision.

In the atolls, food expenditures make up roughly the same share of the total, about thirty percent, for all income groups. The share of expenditures on housing, including imputed rents, is however twice as high for the lowest income group than it is for the richest quintile. While expenditures on education show the same pattern as observed in Male', health expenditures, which are near five percent of the total for all income groups in Male', show a different pattern in the atolls. There, the share increases steadily from about three percent of the total for the lowest income group to ten percent for the highest, with a sharp increase between the highest two income groups. This probably indicates that the items that households pay for themselves (medicines, for instance) are harder to obtain, and more expensive in the atolls than in Male'.

Figure 4.3.2 Expenditures by income and product groups for the Atolls (in percentages)

Food

Tobacco

Clothing

Housing

Furniture

Health Poorest 20% Transport 2 Communication 3 4 Recreation Richest 20% Education

Hotels

Miscellaneous

Religion

0 10 20 30 40 50 As mentioned above, the COICOP classification has been used to group household expenditures. It may be observed that this classification does not have a provision for expenditures on religion as part of the household expenditures and all of the religious expenditures are classified as originating from non-profit institutions serving households. While the payments and contributions to religious organisations may be treated as transfer payments by households to those institutions, the same treatment cannot be applied to expenditures incurred for pilgrimages, which are an important item for Muslim households. These can hardly be classified as holiday or leisure travel and religious expenditures have been added as a separate group in the classification. While the expenditures recorded in the HIES were low, this is probably due more to the method of recording and coverage rather than its low significance.

Chapter 5: Household Savings, Finances and Wealth Summary

Households were asked to report their relative economic status. While the perceived status broadly matched their actual status, with only few of the poorer households reporting to be well of or the reverse, overall the answers were somewhat optimistic. About one in five households felt that their status was above-average while only about one in seven reported a below-average status. These two shares should have been the same. Looking at the perceived change in income between 1998 and 2003 by income group, it was found that on average, poorer households were more pessimistic on the change in income than richer households. The former under-estimated the changes while the latter over-estimated their income changes.

In Male', nearly all households now possess at least one TV set, which is double the proportion recorded in the Vulnerability and Poverty Assessment (VPA) of 1997/98. About three-quarters of the households have at least one mobile phone, which were not in available at all five years earlier. Half the households now also own one or more motor cycles, nearly three times as much as five years before. Furthermore, three quarters of the households also report a regular fixed-line telephone, a doubling of the share over the five intervening years. More than one third also has a cable TV connection, a service that started only two years earlier. Nine out of every ten households have a washing machine, while nearly half of them have a computer in the house.

Also a quarter of the population had financed construction activities around the house, mostly for additions. Twice as large a proportion of the atoll households had paid for construction as in Male'. On average, construction expenditures in the atolls were equivalent to about six percent of household consumption expenditures. The distribution of construction expenditures over the income groups was radically different between Male' and the atolls. In Male', the three lowest quintiles of the population barely spent any money on construction, while those expenditures for the highest quintile were equivalent to nearly fifteen percent of its household consumption expenditures. In the atolls, expenditures were equivalent to close of six percent of consumption expenditures for all quintiles.

5.1 Introduction In household surveys it is generally very difficult to measure the financial status of the population as most respondents do not like to give such information to the enumerators. It is therefore needed to use indirect means of measuring the status and the changes over time. In this survey, information was collected on a number of indicators that can shed light on the position in the Maldives.

5.2 Perceptions of household status and income changes The majority of the households accurately describe their economic status in the community, although there is a tendency to be over-optimistic. This can be seen in Figure 5.2.1 from the fact that the percentage of households reporting to be well-off or very well-off, at 20% of the total, is substantially higher than the 14 percent of the households reporting to be well below average or below average. In principle, the percentages on both sides of the average should be equal. Overall, the distribution is logical in that only few households in the lower income groups report to be well off, while only a minor number of households in the high income groups feel that they are below the average. However, as shown in Figure 5.2.4 below, perceptions and experiences do not always line up.

Figure 5.2.1 Perception of household economic status, Republic, Male' and Atolls (persons) 75 100 Male' Republic 90 70 80

65 70

60 All groups 60 55 1 – 2 50 3 – 4 40 50 5 – 6 30

45 7 – 8 20 40 9 – 10 10 11 -12 0 35 80 Well below Below av- Average Well off Very well off 30 Atollsaverage erage 70 25 60

20 50

15 40

10 30

5 20

0 10

Well below Below av- Average Well off Very well off 0

average erage Well below Below av- Average Well off Very well off average erage

Household perceptions on income changes over the previous five years are also consistent with the expected pattern, namely that in the lower incomes generally more households reporting a decrease in incomes than an increase while the reverse is true for the higher income groups. This has been detailed in Figure 5.2.2 below for the Maldives overall. In the lowest income group nearly forty percent of the households reported a decrease in income while only about ten percent reported an increase. In the highest income groups more or less the reverse held true.

Figure 5.2.2 Perception of decrease and increase in Income by Income Group – Republic (in percentages)

2 Decreased 3 Increased

4 5

6 7

8 9

10 11

-60% -45% -30% -15% 0% 15% 30% 45% 60%

Figure 5.2.3 gives the income changes by quintile for the regions and the Maldives. It clearly shows that in all regions except for the Central region, the poorest income group has experienced a much faster growth in incomes than the richest quintile. Incomes in Male' have increased much faster than those in the Atolls. The income of the poorest quintile increased by 120%, some fifty percent faster than the same income group in the atolls, on average. The increase for the richest quintile in Male' was nearly half that of the poorest in Male', but about three times as high as the increase of about 20% recorded by the richest quintile in the Atolls. It may be noted that these changes are in nominal terms, that is, they are not adjusted for price changes. As detailed in Section 2.2.4, the price changes between 1997/98 and 2002/03 have been small.

Figure 5.2.3 Change in income by region and income quintiles (Expenditure groups, excluding housing rents)

140% Republic Male' 120% Atolls Northern Centre Northern 100% Central Centre Southern 80% Southern

60%

40%

20%

0% Income group

-20% Poorest 20% 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile Richest 20%

A comparison of these perceptions with the observed changes in incomes between 1997/98 and 2002/03 shows that the poorest income groups are more pessimistic and thereby under- report the improvements in their incomes while the highest income groups systematically

42 over-estimated the change in their incomes. It is thereby assumed that the households mostly have not moved between income groups over this period. While the data cannot confirm this, it will probably be a correct assumption. The hypothesis can actually be tested on the panel households of the new VPA survey that is being conducted at the moment.

Figure 5.2.4 Actual income changes and perception of increases by income quintiles (Expenditure groups, excluding housing rents)

Actual income changes and perceptions 140% 35% Republic – change Male' – change 120% 30% Atolls – change Population share reporting increase share reporting Population Republic – Perception 100% Male' – perception 25% Atolls – perception

80% 20%

60% 15%

40% 10% Income change 1997/98 to 2002/03

20% 5%

Income group 0% 0% Poorest 20% 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile Richest 20%

5.3 Household savings and their uses Figure 5.3.1 Use of excess funds as reported by individual earners For each of the income earners in the households, the balance of incomes and expenditures over the previous month was calculated and the method of financing a deficit as well as the uses of surplus funds were asked. Of the individual income earners, only about nine percent reported a deficit of income over Surplus: Deposit in banks expenditures (the top slices of the pie in figure Surplus: Spend money for various 5.3.1) while about one-third reported a balance. uses Surplus: Deposited The other sixty percent reported a surplus. The within house Surplus: Send majority of those saved the surplus, either in the money abroad Surplus: Others bank (about a quarter of all earners) or by Balance Deficit: From sav- keeping the cash in the house (about one out of ings Deficit: By selling five earners). belongings Deficit: By getting loans Deficit: Other Twenty percent of the earners reporting a surplus of income over basic expenditures indicate that they spend money on various uses. The major part of the extra expenditures are on education, health and extra (nutritious) food.

Looking at the balance between incomes and expenditures at the household level, the

43 picture is largely the same, even though the information is based on the responses of the head of the household with reference to the overall rather than individual balances.

Figure 5.3.2 Percentage of households reporting difficulties in Using the expen- balancing their budgets diture quintiles 22.5 (excluding rents), 20.4 households with 20.0 Regularly a little more than 17.5 Always two percent of 15.0 the total 12.8 12.9 13.3 population 12.5 10.7 indicate that they 10.0 have always problems in 7.5 6.3 making ends 5.0 3.5 3.8 meet. As can be 2.5 2.2 1.8 1.9 observed from 0.0 Figure 5.3.2 0.0 those are not All Poorest 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile Richest 20% 20% necessarily the poorest households. Although none of the richest households report that they have difficulties, middle income households are as likely as the poorest to face the problem. When taking into account the broader group of households with regular difficulties (that is, both categories in the figure taken together) in balancing the budget, about fifteen percent of all households report difficulties. This ranges from one out of four households in the poorest quintile to one in sixteen amongst the richest 20% of the population.

As might be expected, the situation in more problematic in the atolls than in Male', where none of the households reports perpetual problems in balancing the household budget. The number of cases in Male' whereby difficulties are reported to be regular (a little more than six percent) are also only about one-third as frequent as in the atolls. The funding of the income shortfalls is reported by households with regular problems to come for about two-thirds from loans and credit and roughly one-sixth each from savings and assistance from family and neighbours. A more or less similar pattern of deficit funding is reported by the two percent classifying themselves as perpetually in financial problems, but this seems very unlikely as savings would have been exhausted quickly while credit cannot be obtained without repaying. This may imply either that these households are not as bad off as they report, or that the assistance received from neighbours, fiends and family (and to a very limited extent, the government) is under-reported or misrepresented as credit received.

5.4 Consumer Durables Table 5.4.1 Grouping of consumer durables

The possession of household consumer A E T Transport & durables, and the change over time, has (Electrical) Household Audio-video Equipment Communications Equipment been described in section 2.5 above. As an Equipment indicator of change in wealth, it is useful to Cable TV Air Conditioner Barrow Camera Cooker (steam) Bicycle extend this analysis to the purchases CD Player Fan Car during the previous twelve months as a Compact Set Gas cooker Dhoani / Speed boat Computer Generator Fax machine share of the total possession of durables at Dish Antennae Iron (Electric ) Mobile phone the end of the period and the relative Radio Mixer / Grinder Motor Cycle TV Oven (Electric) Pickup / Lorry importance of purchases of durables in the TV Game Refrigerator / Fridge Telephone total expenditures. The consumer durables VCR/ VCP/ VCDP Rice Cooker Sewing Machine (Electric) have been classified into three broad Washing Machine groups for the analysis. Table 5.4.1 gives Water Pump the grouping of the items.

Figure 5.4.2 Purchases of consumer durables as percentage of On average, possessions households purchased nearly a quarter extra All durables All groups durables over the Poorest 20% 2nd quintile quantities that they 3rd quintile possessed at the Audio & video 4th quintile beginning of the Richest 20% year, or nearly one-

Electrical) appliances fifth of the durables at available at the end of the year Transport & telephone were purchased during the

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 preceding twelve Newly purchased as percent of possession at beginning of the year months. The position is shown in Figure 5.4.2 for the different groups of consumer durables and income quintiles. The poorest income group only added about fourteen percent during the year; while the richest added double that, or about 27 percent.

As a percentage of total Figure 5.4.3 Purchases of consumer durables as percentage household expenditures, spending of total expenditures on consumer durables is still low. (Expenditure groups, excluding housing rents) On average, slightly more than five percent of household spending All durables went to the purchase of durables. It was less than three percent for

the poorest and about seven Audio & video percent for the richest. The lower income groups spent most on All groups audio and video equipment, such Poorest 20% (Electrical) appliances 2nd quintile as television, while the highest 3rd quintile income groups purchased more 4th quintile on transport and communications Transport & telephone Richest 20% equipment, such as motor cycles and mobile phones. Purchases of 0 2 4 6 8 other household appliances were Purchases of durables as percentage of total expenditures Figure 5.4.4 Purchases of consumer durables as lowest for all income groups. percentage of household expenditures Average The expenditures on consumer durables Republic Male' are about one third higher in Male' than Poorest 20% Atolls in the atolls, but the distribution over the income groups is rather similar, except 2nd quintile for the 2nd quintile. This is shown in 3rd quintile Figure 5.4.4.

4th quintile

Richest 20%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

5.5 Financial transactions of the households Finally, all income earners were asked whether they had engaged in any of a list of financial transactions, and if so, how much money was involved. The list of transactions was not exhaustive, but covered the issuing, receipt and repayments of loans and credits, moneys transferred abroad and moneys spent on construction of house (additions), wells and land reclamation. About one quarter of the households reported to have borrowed money during the past year in the forms of loans or as participants in the government's credit scheme. A similar percentage (not necessarily different households) indicated having given out loans. One quarter of the households had also been engaged in construction activities, mainly dwellings and additions. Twice as large a proportion of the households in the atolls had been engaged in construction activities than in Male'.

Overall households spend Figure 5.5.1 Construction expenditure compared to about six percent of their household consumption expenditures household consumption 18 expenditures to finance Republic construction activities. This Male' 15 Atolls is shown in Figure 5.5.1. It Northern is slightly higher than the Centre North percentage spent on 12 Central Centre South consumer durables, which Southern is about five percent as 9 given above. 6 The pattern over the income

groups is, however, very 3 different. In Male', the lowest income groups barely spend any money on 0 Total Poorest 20% 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile Richest 20% construction, while the richest quintile spends an amount equivalent to about fourteen percent of its consumption expenditures on construction. In the atolls the percentage is fairly constant across the income groups, being close to the average of six percent for all groups. However, as can be observed, the distribution between the regions varies substantially.

Household lending is another item Figure 5.5.2 Borrowing and lending by households of information for which data was (Rufiyaa per person per year) collected. While some households

1,250 borrow money, others lend out Republic Total moneys. The overall balance of 1,050 Poorest 20% 2nd quintile lending and borrowing during the 850 3rd quintile year 2002/03 was close to zero, 650 4th quintile Richest 20% but there are substantial 450 differences between the income 250 groups, as can be seen in Figure

50 5.5.2.

-150 The information here is expressed -350 in Rufiyaa per person per year, for -550 each of the income groups and -750 regions. In terms of household Borrowing Lending Balance consumption expenditures, the amounts are rather small. On average they are equivalent to about 2.5% of household consumption.

An alternative presentation of financial transactions is given in Figure 5.5.3, for the Republic

as well as Male' and the atolls separately. Here, the borrowings are compared with the repayments. The data on repayments included interest. For ease of comparison, this interest has been taken out on the basis of the interest receipts on lending reported by the households. It is thereby assumed that the lenders and borrowers are residents of the same region, which may not necessarily be the case.

Figure 5.5.3 Household borrowing and loan repayments during the year (Rufiyaa per person per year) 1,250 1,250 Malé Total 1,000 Republic Poorest 20% 750 1,000 2nd quintile 500 3rd quintile 4th quintile 250 750 Richest 20% 0 -250 500 -500 -750 250 Borrowing Repaying Balance 1,250 Atolls 0 1,000 750 500 -250 250 0 -500 -250 -500 -750 -750 Borrowing Repaying Balance Borrowing Repaying Balance

The borrowing data are the same as in the previous figure, and the overall balance between new borrowing and repaying is also about zero. The distributions and magnitudes of the balances are, however substantially different. In Male', the highest income group has substantial net repayments, while in the atolls it is the second quintile that shows large net repayments.

While no direct information is available on savings from the households, the information on consumer durables, construction and financial transactions clearly indicates that the higher income groups have discretionary incomes which they use to purchase consumer durables and to invest in housing construction as well as for lending. The net indebtedness of the households cannot be derived from the available information, but the data suggest that it is not very high, considering the minor amounts of interest received on the outstanding loans. It is clear that overall net indebtedness has not changed during the year as repayments kept pace with new loans contracted.

Appendices

Appendix 1: Sample design

Appendix 2: The Measurement of Vulnerability and Poverty

ATTACHMENTS

A. List of atolls and islands classified by region

B. COICOP classification

C. Questionnaires

D. CD-ROM instructions

48 Appendix 1

Appendix 1. Sampling design

By Shyam Upadhyaya January 2002 (updated January 2004)

Introduction

In the series of economic surveys conducted under the ongoing National Accounts Project, the household income expenditure survey (HIES) occupies an important place. While other surveys conducted so far measured income and expenditure of production units, HIES is aimed to produce income and expenditure of households. Same terms of income and expenditure in HIES may imply different meaning. Income of households is the total of all earnings of household members. Similarly, consumption concepts in HIES differs from that used in production surveys. Purchase of goods and services by production units was made for the purpose of producing new commodities so their consumption was defined as intermediate consumption. However, expenditure in HIES means those for final consumption of households.

Objective of the survey

The main objective of HIES is to produce reliable statistics on different components of income and expenditure of households. Data on the income side will specify occupation of household members and on the expenditure side – consumption items. The survey intends to produce independent estimates of household income and expenditure indicators for Male’ and Atolls.

Importance and use of HIES results

HIES results will be of great statistical significance for socio-economic analysis. Its use in future statistical work will be particularly essential for following purposes: • HIES data will show the most recent composition of consumption expenditure of households which will be used to update the CPI weights • GDP estimates will be improved particularly for the components of final consumption expenditure of households, income and outlay and savings. • HIES will measure the level of living and indicate the gap between different social strata • Distribution of households will be analysed in terms of income groups and proper statistical measure of income inequality such as Gini coefficient can be presented.

Data collection

A questionnaire will be administered to collect required data through fieldwork in four quarterly rounds starting from September 2002. The survey staffs will visit the sample area and complete the questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Before proceeding for questionnaire staffs will list all the households of enumeration block and draw a sample of prescribed number using SRSwor method.

A probability based sampling design has been prepared and enumeration blocks have been selected for all strata. Details of sampling design are described below. The survey questionnaire is annexed. The fieldwork is planned to integrate with the survey of small establishments, however sampling scheme for SES will be independent from HIES.

49 Appendix 1

Sample design

The frame The country is divided into 5 development regions and 20 administrative atolls. Administrative atolls consist of 199 inhabited islands with clearly marked census enumeration blocks. The capital town of Male’ has separate administrative status. HIES uses the area frame thus administrative and geographic structure of the country is taken as a basis to make the sample representative. Required data for sampling are obtained from the Population census 2000. Major characteristics of the frame are given below.

A1. Table 1: Number of Households and Enumeration Blocks by Development Regions

Number of Number of Number of Number of Regions administrative inhabited enumeration households atolls islands blocks North 3 47 7,276 200 Central North 4 46 7,021 217 Centre 5 37 3,907 119 Central South 4 42 5,051 158 South 4 27 7,818 249 Subtotal 20 199 31,073 943 Small islands classified as ‘Others’ in census and 139 excluded from the frame Atolls total 20 199 31,212 943 Male’ 5 (wards) 9,578 319 Small islands classified as ‘Others’ in census and 122 excluded from the frame Male’ total 5 9,700 319 Maldives total 20 199 40,912 1262

Atolls are too big to take as sampling unit, while size of islands in terms of the number of household varies even after some exclusion from merely 20 to 1500. Initially, it was thought to split some big islands and combine smaller to get evenly distributed area unit. Alternatively, census enumeration blocks are chosen to be primary sampling units from practical considerations. The size of enumeration blocks varies from 20 to 64 households.

Sample size Estimated mean of a characteristic from the sample survey results may deviate from the population mean resulting in a margin of sampling error. Relative error of the sample mean can be controlled by determining the sample size based on coefficient of variation. Let the probability that deviation of sample mean from the population mean exceeds μ equals to a small value of α. P(| y − |Y ≥ μ) = α

Where µ = t σ and value of t is given in the table of Student distribution which is 1.96 for 95% of probability and σ is calculated as follows. ⎛ s ⎞ σ = 1 − f ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ n ⎠ In most of the cases sample size can be taken as an approximation when the finite population

50 Appendix 1

correction (fpc) factor (1-f) can be ignored (f is the sampling fraction n/N). Then sample size of n0 calculated from the above relation equals

st 22 n = o μ 2

When the difference is significant sample size n is determined as n0 n0 n = ; f ′ = 1 + f ′ N Variance for income of households was estimated from the results of earlier surveys. Distribution of households by income group was skewed as expected due to the small number of households of high-income groups. After some extreme cases were excluded distribution came to be fairly normal with the coefficient of variation of 7.5%. In order to produce the results with same precision at 95% level of confidence sample size n was estimated at 885 households (inversely, probability that sample mean calculated from results survey of 885 households will contain more than 7.5% of sampling error does not exceed 5%). In the course of the allocation process, actual number of households to be surveyed turned to be 880 and that much of deviation was accepted.

Stratification and allocation of sample The purpose of the stratification is to divide the population into relatively homogeneous groups and thereby reduce the total variation by the margin of inter-group variation. Stratification allows proper allocation of sample in different groups and makes it more representative. First, it was essential to treat Male’ separately in the whole sampling procedure. The income opportunities and expenditure pattern in Male’ is very much different from the rest of the country. It is also necessary to produce separate estimates for Male’ like all other national surveys in Maldives. So, there are two domains of the survey namely: Male’ and Atolls. Stratification in Male’ was done by wards and sub-wards to make the sample spread over different urban areas. Male has 5 wards out of which two wards each were split to 2 sub-wards due to their larger size. Stratification in Atolls was done by development regions and by distance of islands to the atoll centre, which was aimed to group the islands of different regions remotely located from the atoll centres and those located nearby. It was believed that in most of the cases atoll centres are also economic centres providing more income opportunities and better access to different kind of social services. Islands remotely located from the atoll centres have limited facilities affecting on income and expenditure of households. For grouping purpose, islands of each development region were listed in the ascending order of the distance from the respective atoll centres and a median value was located for the number of households. Then each atoll was divided to Central and Remote islands, where both groups were of more or less equal size in terms of the number of households. The average distance of Central islands in different region varied from 10 to 14 km and of Remote islands 27 to 37 km. Cross- stratification by five development regions and two distance categories formed ten strata in the domain of atolls as shown in the chart. Allocation of sample in domains was intended to make proportional to the number of households. However, it has not been possible due to the resource constraints. The survey cost per psu in Atolls was estimated from four to five thousand M.Rf., while survey cost in Male is limited to stationery because staffs do not get any extra allowances for working in Male.

51 Appendix 1

Final allocation of sample in domains was made as follows. Further allocation was made based on equal number of sample for all strata. The number of enumeration blocks as well as the number of households did not vary much, so the fixed number of samples over all strata resulted in sampling fraction ranging from 2% to 7% for enumeration blocks and 1.1% to 3.6% for households. Allocation of sample by strata is given in Table 3. Allocation of sample in Male’ strata is made on same principle. For each of the 7 strata equal number of 4 blocks are allocated with the rate of 10 households per stratum, which gives total number of 28 sample blocks and 280 households.

A1. Table 2: Allocation of Sample in Domains Population Sample Domain Number of Number of In % In % households households Male’ 9,700 23.79 280 31.82 Atolls 31,073 76.21 600 68.18 Total 40,773 100.00 880 100.00

A1. Table 3: Allocation of Sample in Atoll Strata

52 Appendix 1

In total In sample Sampling fraction in % Strata Number of Number of Number of Number of By number of By blocks blocks households blocks households households 11. North _C 106 3873 4 60 3.77 1.55 12. North _R 94 3403 4 60 4.26 1.76 21. Central North _C 127 4138 4 60 3.15 1.45 22. Central North _R 90 2883 4 60 4.44 2.08 31. Central _C 67 2227 4 60 5.97 2.69 32. Central _R 52 1680 4 60 7.69 3.57 41. Central South _C 79 2572 4 60 5.06 2.33 42. Central South _R 79 2479 4 60 5.06 2.42 51. South _C 192 5609 4 60 2.08 1.07 52. South _R 57 2209 4 60 7.02 2.72 Grand Total 943 31073 40 600 4.24 1.93 Suffix _C and _R denotes Central and Remote islands respectively.

Selection method and effect on variance The design envisages two-stage sampling with enumeration blocks as primary sampling units (psu) and households as secondary or ultimate sampling unit (usu). Estimation of sample size earlier was based on assumption that selection would be simple random sampling. However, for different practical reasons sub-sampling is allowed that effects variance. At the first stage a sample of a psu’s from the total of A and at the second stage b from the total number of B usu’s are selected. Hence, in place of calculating variance as,

n ⎛ S 2 ⎞ Var y)( = 1− ⎜ ⎟ srs ⎜ ⎟ N ⎝ n ⎠ we have variances at different levels. The first gives the variance of the inter-cluster (enumeration blocks) mean i.e. a ⎛ S 2 ⎞ Var y )( = 1 − ⎜ a ⎟ a ⎜ ⎟ A ⎝ a ⎠ and the second - intracluster variance of b sample from B usu’s of a psu’s

2 b ⎛ S ⎞ Var y )( = 1 − ⎜ b ⎟ b ⎜ ⎟ B ⎝ .ba ⎠

Hence, the total variance equals: Var y)( = Var y)( a + Var y)( b

The ratio of two variances is defined as design effect (Deff), which measures the effect of complex designs on efficiency of sampling. The above relation assumes the equal size of all clusters. But in practice, size of B is often different so B is replaced by average sample size per psu and deff is derived as, Var( y ) deff = where ρ is the intracluster correlation coefficient to measure Var( y ) srs the rate of homogeneity (roh). With all these considerations selection of enumeration blocks and households was made separately for two domains at following steps.

Domain Male’ Atolls

53 Appendix 1

Cross-stratified by region and distance Stratification By urban wards and sub-ward to the atoll centre 7 strata (Out of 5 wards 3 taken wholly 10 strata (5 regions and 2 distance Number of strata and 2 larger wards spit into 4 sub-wards categories) Primary sampling 319 enumeration blocks 943 enumeration blocks units: One block per stratum sampled for each One block per stratum sampled for Sampling at first survey round. Total number of blocks in each survey round. Total number of stage sample: 28 (7×1×4) blocks in sample 40 (10×1×4)

Selection method: PPS (wor) to number of households Equal probability (SRS wor)

10 households per block for each round. 15 households per block for each Sampling at the Total number of samples: 280 households round. Total number of samples: 600 second stage (10×7×4). households (15×10×4). SRS(wor) 10 households selected from SRS(wor) 15 households selected from Selection method: the list completed in the field the list completed in the field Half of the sample in the successive round All samples are replaced by new Rotation replaced by new households households in every round

Survey procedure Samples are allocated not only to different geographic area but also over time. The survey will be conducted in four rounds to cover the different period of the year, which has significant impact on expenditure pattern of the households. Each quarter is related to some occasions and allocation of sample has attempted to capture these occasions. As the survey started in September 2002, numbering of the round starts from the third quarter. Quarter I II III IV Reference period January-March April-June July-September October-December Major occasion New school year Hajj Rainy season Ramazan Survey month March '03 June '03 September '02 December '02 Survey round III IV I II

Samples for every round are selected strictly at random and will produce independent annual estimates. Surveying in different seasons is made to balance any seasonal fluctuations. Samples in the atolls will be replaced by new area units, and then by new households, every quarter. However in Male’, half of samples from the previous set will be repeated in the successive round, while next half will be replaced by new households. One half of samples replaced in the first round will be resurveyed in the fourth round, so that every half of samples are surveyed in two rounds. Apart from the coverage of longer time period, repeated sampling has many other advantages. Co- operation of respondents can go better in the second visit that improves accuracy and reliability of data collected. Repeated sampling can also lead to more efficient use of time and resources in the survey. However, repeated sampling by overlapping a portion of sample like in Male’ was not practicable in atolls due to the specific geographic conditions and consequent transportation problems. Within the strata enumeration blocks are selected with equal probability. In case of overlapping scheme sample might consist of households located in different islands and travelling would be fairly difficult and, in contrary, even more costly. When the survey is conducted covering different occasions, some characteristics in population are

54 Appendix 1 likely to change over time. Upon completion of the survey, there will be three different measures: • Estimates for different rounds (occasions) of the survey • Average value over all occasions • Average value for the most recent occasion Except for few characteristics, which are likely to change rapidly over time, we are interested to get the annual figure taken over four quarterly rounds of the survey. And we have following cases for atolls and Male’. For atolls: A new sample is drawn for all occasions (all cases unmatch from one to other occasion). The mean and variance is calculated by usual method, as there is no previous data for measuring the change. For Male’: Half of the sample is repeated for another round. From the second round of the survey we will have u number of new samples (u- unmatch) and m number of samples retained from the previous round (m-match). Both portion of sample will give independent estimates of mean, i.e. for unmatch cases

' ' and for match cases: y2m = y 2m + (yb 1 − y1m) y 2 u = y 2 u

where 1 and 2 denotes occasions and b is the regression coefficient.

A combined estimate of mean is derived by weighting two independent estimates inversely as their Variances W.

' ' W2u y 2 = φ y22 m + 1( −φ2 )y2m where φ2 = W2u +W2m

A1. Table 4: Overlapping of samples in Male’ Survey I round II round III round IV round rounds Sample Sample of 10 Sample of 10 Sample of 10 Sample of 10 size households households households households Over- All new New selection (5) New selection (5) Repeated (5) lapping 11 16 6 scheme Selected for 12 17 From I 7 repetition in 13 18 round 8 the II round 14 19 9 15 20 10 1 Repeated (5) Repeated (5) Repeated (5) Selected for 1 11 16 repetition in 2 12 From III 17 the IV round 3 13 18 4 14 round 19 5 15 20 6 7 8 9 10

55 Appendix 1

Estimation method Some of the specific questions of estimation of mean and variances were discussed earlier. Estimation of total from the sample data will be produced separately for domains of Male and Atolls. For Male’: At the first stage enumeration blocks was selected probability proportional to the number of households and at the second stage households are to be selected with equal probability. Estimation of total for Y characteristics for different stages of sampling will be as follows.

∑ y i Estimation at the level of PSU: Yˆ = B . i j b

ˆ Estimation at the level of stratum: ∑ Y j Yˆ = M . j Where h m

Ŷj – Estimated total of y-characteristics for j-th enumeration block of h-th stratum

B and b – number of households in j-th enumeration block in total and in sample respectively

Ŷh – Estimated total of y-characteristics for h -th stratum

a – number of enumeration blocks in sample in h-th stratum

M and m – number of households in all blocks and in sampled blocks of h-th stratum respectively

Total of all strata will give the estimates at the domain level of Male. Based on selection method estimation weight is calculated for each household in sample.

1 M j B W = × × a m j b Weights can be incorporated in the programme and tables will be generated from weighted and unweighted data. For Atolls: Similarly estimation weight for atolls is calculated from the following relation, where A, B and a, b denote number of primary and ultimate sampling units in total and in sample.

A j B i W ij = × a j b i

Thus estimated value of Y characteristics for a stratum in Atolls will equal to Wijyij. Estimation weights so calculated are given in annex.

56 Appendix 1

Annex-1: List of selected sample area by survey rounds

1. For Male’ Selected Number of Wards and sub- Number of Survey round Strata block households to be wards households numbers selected First 11 Heynveru-1 130 34 10 households to be (Sep. 2002) 12 Heynveru-2 510 41 selected randomly 20 Galolhu 230 32 from which 5 first 30 Machchangoalhi 330 43 selected households shall be repeated in 41 Maafannu-1 15 17 round II. 42 Maafannu-2 620 30 50 Villingili 30 38 Second 11 Heynveru-1 290 34 New 5 households are (Dec. 2002) 12 Heynveru-2 620 61 selected from the list 20 Galolhu 40 45 while other 5 are taken 30 Machchangoalhi 440 25 from the first round 41 Maafannu-1 250 34 42 Maafannu-2 790 33 50 Villingili 40 40 Third 11 Heynveru-1 150 38 New 5 households are (March 2003) 12 Heynveru-2 460 48 selected from the list 20 Galolhu 100 37 while other 5 are taken 30 Machchangoalhi 20 46 from the second round 41 Maafannu-1 272 35 42 Maafannu-2 840 13 50 Villingili 90 47 Fourth 11 Heynveru-1 (June 2003) 12 Heynveru-2 All samples are repeated: 5 households are taken 20 Galolhu from the third round and five from the I round 30 Machchangoalhi (those, which were not repeated in the second round). 41 Maafannu-1

42 Maafannu-2 50 Villingili

57 Appendix 1

2. For Atolls

Sample Average number Survey round Strata Atoll Island area of households First 11 Haa Dhal Kulhudhuffushi Block 17 54 (Sep. 2002) 12 Shaviyani Goidhu Block 2 44 21 Lhaviyani Naifaru Block 9 33 22 Noonu Maalhendhu Block 2 33 31 Alifu Dhekunu Omadhoo Block 1 28 32 Alifu Uthuru Bodufolhudhoo Block 2 25 41 Thaa Omadhoo Block 1 26 42 Dhaalu Badidhoo Block 3 26 51 Seenu Feydhoo Block 12 22 52 Gaafu Alifu Gemanafushi Block 1 41 Second 11 Haa Dhal Kulhudhuffushi Block 14 54 (Dec. 2002) 12 Haa Alif Ihavandhu Block 6 28 21 Baa Eydhafufhi Block 3 29 22 Baa Kendhu Block 3 39 31 Alifu Dhekunu Mahibadhoo Block 2 30 32 Alifu Dhekunu Fenfushi Block 3 29 41 Meemu Muli Block 1 30 42 Laamu Isdhoo Block 6 64 51 Gaafu Alifu Viligili Block 12 30 52 Gaafu Dhaalu Fiyori Block 2 56 Third 11 Haa Alif Baarah Block 5 46 (March 2003) 12 Haa Dhal Hanimaadhu Block 1 40 21 Raa Kadholhudhu Block10 20 22 Raa Iguraidhu Block 1 28 31 Kaafu (Male') Huraa Block 2 37 32 Kaafu (Male') Gaafaru Block 1 34 41 Thaa Veymandhoo Block 1 46 42 Thaa Guraidhoo Block 4 28 51 Seenu Hithadhoo Block 6 30 52 Seenu Meedhoo Block 4 53 Fourth 11 Haa Alif Dhidhdhu Block 5 34 (June 2003) 12 Haa Alif Kelaa Block 3 41 21 Raa Hulhudhuffaaru Block 1 31 22 Lhaviyani Kurendhu Block 2 29 31 Alifu Uthuru Ukulhas Block 3 29 32 Alifu Dhekunu Maamigili Block 7 26 41 Laamu Gamu Block 4 34 42 Meemu Maduvvari Block 2 26 51 Seenu Hithadhoo Block37 30 52 Seenu Hulhudhoo Block 1 29

58 Appendix 1

Annex-2: Weights for estimation of total Male’

Wards and sub- Selected block Weight to Weight to Overall Strata wards numbers PSU2 Stratum weight 11 Heynveru-1 130 3.40 11.88 40.40 11 Heynveru-1 290 3.40 11.88 40.40 11 Heynveru-1 150 3.80 10.63 40.40 12 Heynveru-2 510 4.10 10.57 43.37 12 Heynveru-2 620 6.10 7.11 43.37 12 Heynveru-2 460 4.80 9.04 43.37 20 Galolhu 230 3.20 18.88 60.44 20 Galolhu 40 4.50 13.43 60.44 20 Galolhu 100 3.70 16.33 60.44 30 Machchangoalhi 330 4.30 13.55 58.27 30 Machchangoalhi 440 2.50 23.31 58.27 30 Machchangoalhi 200 4.60 12.67 58.27 41 Maafannu-1 15 1.70 28.21 47.97 41 Maafannu-1 250 3.40 14.11 47.97 41 Maafannu-1 272 3.50 13.71 47.97 42 Maafannu-2 620 3.00 15.92 47.77 42 Maafannu-2 790 3.30 14.48 47.77 42 Maafannu-2 840 1.30 36.75 47.77 50 Villingili 30 3.80 5.27 20.04 50 Villingili 40 4.00 5.01 20.04 50 Villingili 90 4.70 4.27 20.04

2 The weight is calculated for one observation. Households no matter newly selected or repeated shall be taken as an independent observation and be applied the estimation weight calculated for the sample area.

59 Appendix 1

Atolls Average Estimation Estimation Sample Overall Strata Atoll Island number of weight to weight to area weight households PSU stratum 11 Haa Dhal Kulhudhuffushi Block 17 54 3.60 17.93 64.55 11 Haa Dhal Kulhudhuffushi Block 14 54 3.60 17.93 64.55 11 Haa Alif Baarah Block 5 46 3.07 21.05 64.55 11 Haa Alif Dhidhdhu Block 5 34 2.27 28.48 64.55 12 Shaviyani Goidhu Block 2 44 2.93 19.34 56.72 12 Haa Alif Ihavandhu Block 6 28 1.87 30.38 56.72 12 Haa Dhal Hanimaadhu Block 2 40 2.67 21.27 56.72 12 Haa Alif Kelaa Block 3 41 2.73 20.75 56.72 21 Lhaviyani Naifaru Block 9 33 2.20 31.35 68.97 21 Baa Eydhafufhi Block 3 29 1.93 35.67 68.97 21 Raa Kadholhudhu Block10 20 1.33 51.73 68.97 21 Raa Hulhudhuffaaru Block 1 31 2.07 33.37 68.97 22 Noonu Maalhendhu Block 2 33 2.20 21.84 48.05 22 Baa Kendhu Block 3 39 2.60 18.48 48.05 22 Raa Iguraidhu Block 1 28 1.87 25.74 48.05 22 Lhaviyani Kurendhu Block 2 29 1.93 24.85 48.05 31 Alifu Dhekunu Omadhoo Block 1 28 1.87 19.88 37.12 31 Alifu Dhekunu Mahibadhoo Block 2 30 2.00 18.56 37.12 31 Kaafu (Male') Huraa Block 2 37 2.47 15.05 37.12 31 Alifu Uthuru Ukulhas Block 3 29 1.93 19.20 37.12 32 Alifu Uthuru Bodufolhudhoo Block 2 25 1.67 16.80 28.00 32 Alifu Dhekunu Fenfushi Block 3 29 1.93 14.48 28.00 32 Kaafu (Male') Gaafaru Block 1 34 2.27 12.35 28.00 32 Alifu Dhekunu Maamigili Block 7 26 1.73 16.15 28.00 41 Thaa Omadhoo Block 1 26 1.73 24.73 42.87 41 Meemu Muli Block 1 30 2.00 21.43 42.87 41 Thaa Veymandhoo Block 1 46 3.07 13.98 42.87 41 Laamu Gamu Block 4 34 2.27 18.91 42.87 42 Dhaalu Badidhoo Block 3 26 1.73 23.84 41.32 42 Laamu Isdhoo Block 6 64 4.27 9.68 41.32 42 Thaa Guraidhoo Block 4 28 1.87 22.13 41.32 42 Meemu Maduvvari Block 2 26 1.73 23.84 41.32 51 Seenu Feydhoo Block 12 22 1.47 63.74 93.48 51 Gaafu Alifu Viligili Block 12 30 2.00 46.74 93.48 51 Seenu Hithadhoo Block 6 30 2.00 46.74 93.48 51 Seenu Hithadhoo Block37 30 2.00 46.74 93.48 52 Gaafu Alifu Gemanafushi Block 1 41 2.73 13.47 36.82 52 Gaafu Dhaalu Fiyori Block 2 56 3.73 9.86 36.82 52 Seenu Meedhoo Block 4 53 3.53 10.42 36.82 52 Seenu Hulhudhoo Block 1 29 1.93 19.04 36.82

APPENDIX - 2

Appendix 2

Appendix 2. The Measurement of Vulnerability and Poverty

1. The Theory of Poverty Dominance

1.1 Introduction

The measurement of poverty usually involves three main steps. First, the population is classified from poor to rich according to a living-standard indicator like per capita household income or expenditure. Second, given a living-standard indicator, a poverty line is drawn somewhere. Third, given a ranking from poor to rich according to a selected living-standard indicator, and given a chosen poverty line, poverty under the poverty line is added in some way and expressed as a number, a poverty indicator. Examples of some simple but appealing poverty indicators are the headcount ratio, i.e. the proportion of the population under the poverty line, and the average shortfall of the poor, i.e. the distance of the average poor to the poverty line expressed as percentage of the poverty line. These indicators complement each other. The first indicator measures the incidence of poverty, and the second indicator measures the depth of poverty. More advanced poverty indicators allot a higher weight to the poorest of the poor than to those just under the poverty line.

1.2 Vulnerability and Poverty Indicators3 A poverty indicator measures the extent of poverty given a ranking from poor to rich according to a chosen living-standard indicator and given a chosen poverty line.

1.2.1 The Headcount Ratio

The most popular poverty indicator is the headcount ratio or headcount index, defined as the number of poor as a proportion of the population.

H = q n where: H is the headcount ratio or headcount index q is the number of poor n is the total population size

The headcount index ranges from zero (nobody is poor) to one (everybody is poor). The strength of H is its simplicity and its appeal. Although the headcount index may give a first crude impression of the extent of poverty, it is a meagre poverty index because it completely ignores the depth of poverty. It does not differentiate between extremely low incomes and incomes just below the poverty line. Further, and even more important, is the observation that H is a dangerous poverty indicator if used for analysing the success of anti-poverty policies. Successful anti-poverty policies aimed at persons just below the poverty line will reduce the headcount ratio, whereas successful policies aimed at raising the well-being of the poorest of the poor will not affect the headcount ratio if their new living standard is still below the poverty line. In other words, the H makes it more rewarding to support those just under the poverty line than to support the poorest of the poor.

1.2.2 The average income shortfall

3 For readability, these indicators will referred to in this report as poverty indicators.

61 Appendix 2

A simple and widely used indicator for the depth of poverty is the average income shortfall , defined as the distance of the average poor to the poverty line as a proportion of the poverty line. q 1 z − yi μq I = ∑ = 1 − q i=1 z z where: I is the average income shortfall

yi is the living standard indicator of the household i z is the poverty line µq is the living standard indicator of the average poor

The average income shortfall ranges from zero (nobody is poor) to one (the living standard indicator of all the poor is zero). The strength of I, like that of H, is its simplicity and its appeal. As a poverty indicator, I is a poor indicator because it completely ignores the number of the poor. Further, like H, I is a dangerous poverty indicator if used for evaluating the success of anti-poverty programmes. When the income of a person just below the poverty line increases such that he is no longer poor, poverty according to the average income shortfall will increase rather than decline. Both H and I are partial poverty indicators. Each indicator describes only one aspect of poverty, and as such they are useful. They complement each other.

1.2.3 The Poverty Gap Ratio

The poverty gap ratio (PGR) is defined here as the average income shortfall normalised to the total population size rather than to the number of poor. q 1 z − yi PGR = ∑ = H * I n i=1 z

The poverty gap ratio includes both the incidence H and the depth of poverty I.

The meaning of the PGR can be illustrated by the following example. Consider two regions A and B. The poverty line in both regions is set at one dollar per day. Assume that the headcount ratios in regions A and B are 40 percent and 20 percent, respectively, and that the average income of the poor is 0.8 dollar in region A and 0.6 dollar in region B, respectively. According to the PGR, region A and B face the same extent of poverty. In region A, 40 percent of the population has an income shortfall of 20 percent, so that the PGR is 0.08 (=0.4*0.2). In region B, 20 percent of the population has an income shortfall of 40 percent, so that the PGR is also 0.08 (=0.2*0.4).

1.3 A Non-Dichotomous Concept of Vulnerability and Poverty

The second step in poverty measurement, after having ranked the population from poor to rich according to a chosen living-standard indicator, is to define the poverty line. The poverty line is the norm below which people are labelled as poor and above which people are considered as non-poor. Most disputes, both academic and political, about the incidence and depth of poverty in a country, its regional location and its development over time, focus on the definition of the poverty line. Being a norm, the definition of any poverty line, is subject to value judgements.

In poor countries, the poverty line is commonly set at subsistence level, but what is the level of subsistence for each dimension of poverty and vulnerability? In rich countries, poverty is often considered as a relative concept. The level of the poverty line is there often expressed as a percentage of the mean or median. Such ambiguous choices often induce controversy, especially because the incidence of poverty can be very sensitive to the level of the poverty line. The higher the poverty line the more

62 Appendix 2 people fall under that line.

A dichotomous concept of poverty implies that a clear distinction can be made between the poor and the non-poor. A person is considered poor if his income (or other living standard) is below a certain poverty line, and he is considered not poor if he is above that line. Such a sharp distinction between the poor and the non-poor is not very realistic. A gradual transition from poverty towards non-poverty seems more appropriate. Then, poverty becomes a non-dichotomous concept.

1.4 Measuring Poverty Dominance without Poverty Lines

The previous sections have shown that the choice of the poverty line and the choice of the poverty indicator are not straightforward, but subject to uncertainties and arbitrariness. However, that does not mean that nothing can be said about poverty comparisons between regions. The new and rapidly developing theory of poverty dominance makes it possible to compare poverty situations between regions without knowing the level of the poverty line or the proper poverty indicator. Considerable progress has 4 5 6 been made in this field during the last decade, mainly by Atkinson , Foster and Shorrocks , Ravallion , 7 and Jenkins and Lambert . The next section presents an introduction of this new theory. In the presentation we shall use income as the living standard indicator, but the theory is also applicable to other living standard indicators as well as for multi-dimensional living standard indicators.

1.5 The Theory of Poverty Dominance A2. Figure 1. Frequency distributions for two Consider two hypothetical regions A and B with their regions A and B respective income distributions. Figure 1 shows their frequency distributions, i.e. the population share for each per capita income in the two regions. Suppose that both distributions have the same income range and a common but unknown poverty line z. Country A is richer on average, and the income inequality is higher in A than in B.

Figure 1 suggests that there is more poverty in B than in A, but the figure is inappropriate for drawing such a conclusion. For that, Figure 2 is much clearer. It shows the cumulative frequencies for all incomes per capita, i.e. the percentage of the population below a certain income level.

The cumulative frequency distributions in Figure 2 can be read in an alternative way. The x-axis contains all incomes per capita. That means that the unknown poverty line must be somewhere on the x-axis, although we do not where. If the cumulative frequency distribution of country B is everywhere above that of country A, as in Figure 2, it means that the cumulative population share in B is higher than in A for all income levels, including the unknown poverty line. Interpreted in that way, the y-axis is actually the

4 A.B. Atkinson, On the Measurement of Poverty, Econometrica, Vol.55, No.4, July 1987, pp.749-764. 5 James E. Foster and Anthony F. Shorrocks, Poverty Orderings, Econometrica, Vol.56, No.1, January 1988, pp.173-177. 6 Ravallion, Poverty Comparisons, A Guide to Concepts and Methods, Living Standards Measurement Study, Working Paper No.88, The World Bank, Washington DC, 1992. 7 Stephen P. Jenkins and Peter J. Lambert, Three I’s of Poverty Curves: TIPs for Poverty Analysis, forthcoming.

63 Appendix 2 headcount ratio H and the x-axis is actually the unknown poverty line z. Therefore, we may conclude from Figure 2 that, according to the headcount ratio, poverty is definitely higher in B than in A. A2. Figure 2. Cumulative frequency distributions If the two curves intersect, the income level for two regions A and B of the intersection point is relevant (see Figure 3). If they intersect at an income level that is too high to be a reasonable poverty line, we can still say that, according to the headcount ratio, poverty is higher in B than in A, for all reasonable poverty lines. In other words, the poverty dominance condition according to the headcount ratio applies for non-intersecting cumulative frequency distributions and for cumulative frequency distributions that do not intersect in the interval z < zmax,, where zmax is the maximum poverty line. The poverty dominance condition according to the headcount ratio is called the first-order dominance condition.

If the two curves intersect at a point that reasonably could be a poverty line, the ranking is inconclusive according to the first- order dominance criterion.

A2. Figure 3. Intersecting cumulative frequency In that case, aggregate poverty indicators distributions for regions A and B accounting also for the depth of poverty have to be examined. Figure 4 shows the (normalised) PGR on the y-axis and per capita income on the x-axis. Figure 4 can be derived from Figure 3. They have the same x-axis, while PGR (= H*I), the y-axis of Figure 4, is actually the area under the curve of Figure 3 (normalised by z).

If the PGR of region B is everywhere above that of region A, as in Figure 4, we may conclude that, according to the PGR, poverty is definitely higher in B than in A, whatever the level of the poverty line. Again, that conclusion holds for non-intersecting curves and for intersecting points in the interval z > zmax,.

This test is called the second-order dominance criterion, because it can be proved mathematically that poverty dominance of region B over A according to the first-order dominance condition, implies also poverty dominance of region B over A according to the second-order dominance condition.

The area under B in Figure 3 is always larger than the area under A for all poverty lines. This theorem is not valid in the reverse order.

2. Empirical Application to Maldives

64 Appendix 2

First, the usual poverty indicators like the A2. Figure 4 Poverty gap index for two regions headcount ratio and the poverty gap index are A and B presented. These indicators are meaningful because they are appealing. As far as poverty dominance is concerned, the previous section has shown that when atoll B is poverty dominant over atoll A for a certain living standard indicator according to the headcount criterion, then it necessary follows that B is also poverty dominant according to the PGR for that living standard indicator. This theorem is not valid in the reverse order. The second- order dominance condition does not imply the first-order dominance condition. The theory of poverty dominance will be applied to the 20 atolls of Maldives. Wherever possible, the households are the units of analysis. In other cases, the islands are the units of analysis for constructing the living standard distributions within atolls. In cases where the first-order dominance criterion is inconclusive, we shall continue with the second-order dominance criterion based on the PGR- curve.

65 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census NORTHERN REGION

HAA ALIFU (North Thiladhunmathi) Dhidhdhu 438 13 Utheemu 5.7 99 3 Vashafaru 6.7 86 4 Muraidhu 8.5 98 3 Baarah 13.4 228 5 Filladhu 13.5 120 3 Maarandhu 14.2 94 4 Thakandhu 14.9 114 4 Mulhadhu 18.8 63 2 Kelaa 19.5 245 6 Ihavandhu 21.6 253 9 Berinmadhu 24.1 21 1 Hoarafushi 26.0 341 11 Uligamu 29.6 57 2 Thuraakunu 33.7 61 2 Hathifushi 34.9 32 2

HAA DHAALU(South Thiladhunmathi) Kulhudhuffushi 1,018 19 Kumundhu 6.5 181 4 Nolhivaramu 6.6 72 7 Kuburudhu 6.7 50 1 Kuribi 9.7 82 2 Maavaidhu 12.6 71 2 Neykurendhu 12.8 190 6 Nolhivaranfaru 13.0 271 3 Hirimaradhu 13.5 59 2 Vaikaradhu 14.7 206 7 Finey 15.3 71 2 Nellaidhu 17.5 136 4 Faridhu 20.3 36 1 Naivaadhu 20.4 108 2 Hanimaadhu 21.8 198 5 Makunudhu 46.0 185 6

SHAVIYANI (North Miladhunmadulu) Komandoo 0.0 261 6 Maroshi 16.7 118 3 Firubaidhu 22.9 67 2 Lhaimagu 24.4 88 3 Maaugoodhu 24.5 143 4

66 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census Funadhu 27.5 141 4 Narudhu 29.1 65 2 Maakadoodhu 30.0 239 8 Foakaidhu 31.2 172 4 Feydhu 33.7 142 4 Bileffehi 33.8 93 2 Feevah 36.3 131 3 Noomara 41.9 87 2 Goidhu 44.9 88 2 Kaditheemu 46.9 157 4

CENTRAL NORTH REGION

NOONU (South Miladhunmadulu) Velidhu 0.0 304 8 Holhudhu 10.7 257 7 Fodhu 11.0 54 1 Magoodhu 15.3 36 1 Miladhu 16.9 138 5 Manadhu 18.7 191 6 Lhohi 20.4 88 3 Kudafari 28.1 78 3 Maafaru 29.0 120 4 Landhu 31.9 126 3 Maalhendhu 33.5 100 3 Kedhikulhudhu 35.7 191 6 Hebadhu 35.9 81 2

RAA (South Maalhosmadulu) Alifushi 286 8 Vaadhu 12.9 64 2 Rasgetheemu 18.5 124 4 Agolhitheemu 20.2 65 2 Hulhudhuffaaru 23.1 184 6 Ugoofaaru 34.6 153 5 Kadholhudhu 40.2 413 21 Maakurathu 41.2 138 4 Rasmaadhu 46.0 116 4 Innamaadhu 47.3 101 3 Iguraidhu 54.8 198 7 Fainu 56.2 42 1 Meedhu 57.0 210 6 Kinolhas 57.6 62 2 Madduwari 58.8 233 7

67 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census BAA (North Maalhosmadulu) Eydhafushi 345 12 Maalhos 6.5 67 2 Dharavandhu 9.8 128 3 Donfanu 11.7 68 2 Kihaadhu 13.9 47 1 Hithaadhu 20.3 161 4 Kendhu 20.5 116 3 Kamadhu 21.6 56 1 Kudarikilu 22.5 63 2 Goidhu 27.2 69 2 Fehendhu 28.7 30 1 Fulhadhu 30.0 44 1 Thulhadhu 30.6 284 10

LHAVIYANI (Faadhippolhu) Naifaru 597 18 Hinnavaru 8.1 456 9 Kurendhu 18.2 229 8 Olhuvelifushi 31.6 73 3 Maafilaafushi 35 1

CENTRAL REGION

KAAFU (Male' Atoll) Himmafushi 17.8 120 3 Huraa 21.0 111 3 Gulhi 26.9 94 2 Thulusdhoo 29.4 135 4 Maafushi 29.9 147 5 Guraidhoo 36.1 209 6 Dhiffushi 39.9 135 4 Gaafaru 62.8 136 4 Kaashidhoo 87.8 261 7

ALIFU ALIFU (North Ari Atoll) Rasdhoo 56.3 145 3 Thoddoo 57.1 179 5 Ukulhas 72.4 86 3 Bodufolhudhoo 82.1 50 2 Mathiveri 85.5 66 2 Feridhoo 88.3 90 2 Himandhoo 90.0 77 2 Maalhos 91.0 75 2

68 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census ALIFU DHAALU (South Ari Atoll) Hangnaameedhoo 71.3 75 2 Omadhoo 74.3 84 3 Mahibadhoo 76.2 211 7 Kuburudhoo 78.7 51 1 Dhagethi 89.5 102 3 Dhigurah 98.2 81 2 Dhidhdhoo 105.2 26 1 Mandhoo 106.8 41 1 Maamigili 108.9 204 8 Fenfushi 113.1 86 3

VAAVU (Felidhu Atoll) Keyodhoo 0.0 83 3 Felidhoo 1.8 75 2 Thinadhoo 3.9 32 1 Rakeedhoo 18.4 38 2 Fulidhoo 27.9 50 2

FAAFU (North Nilandhe Atoll) Nilandhoo 0.0 177 7 Dharaboodhoo 4.3 38 1 Magoodhoo 9.0 73 3 Biledhdhoo 12.2 136 4 Feeali 26.8 128 4

CENTRAL SOUTH REGION

MEEMU (Mulaku Atoll) Muli 119 4 Mulah 2.6 165 6 Naalaafushi 4.2 47 3 Veyvah 5.1 28 1 Madifushi 19.2 24 1 Raiymandhoo 20.7 33 1 Maduvvari 20.9 79 3 Dhiggiri 21.2 140 5 Kolhufushi 25.6 150 5

DHAALU (South Nilandhe Atoll) Kudahuvadhoo 199 6 Maaemboodhoo 9.2 99 3 Vaani 13.5 59 2 Gemendhoo 19.9 62 2 Hulhudheli 22.5 97 3

69 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census Ribudhoo 27.6 92 3 Badidhoo 31.5 77 3 Meedhoo 39.0 124 4

THAA (Kolhumadulu) Thimarafushi 250 10 Veymandhoo 6.4 137 3 Kibidhoo 10.0 138 5 Gaadhiffushi 10.5 61 2 Omadhoo 13.5 78 3 Hirilandhoo 23.7 123 3 Vandhoo 23.9 47 1 Guraidhoo 24.7 198 7 Dhiyamigili 26.8 97 3 Kadoodhoo 27.3 81 2 Madifushi 29.7 104 4 Vilufushi 38.0 186 9 Buruni 39.5 70 2

LAAMU (Hadhdhunmathi) Fonadhoo 262 6 Gaadhoo 6.3 65 1 Gamu 10.4 337 10 Maamendhoo 12.5 151 3 Hithadhoo 13.5 135 4 Kunahandhoo 16.7 88 2 Kalhaidhoo 18.5 71 2 Mundoo 21.0 80 2 Maabaidhoo 22.8 113 3 Maavah 28.8 222 6 Dhabidhoo 30.1 106 3 Isdhoo 33.1 257 7

SOUTHERN REGION

GAAFU ALIFU (North Huvadhu Atoll) Viligili 364 12 Maamendhoo 5.5 160 4 Nilandhoo 15.2 82 4 Dhaandhoo 16.6 189 8 Kolamaafushi 28.8 184 4 Dhevvadhoo 30.5 124 3 Kodey 34.8 49 2 Dhiyadhoo 38.2 27 1 Gemanafushi 40.2 163 4

70 Attachment A. Atolls and Islands by Region

Distance from Number of Number of Region Atoll/Island Atoll centre in households, 2000 blocks km census Kanduholhudhoo 47.4 69 3

GAAFU DHAALU (South Huvadhu Atholl) Thinadhoo 742 24 Madaveli 8.3 186 6 Hoadedhdhoo 11.0 127 4 Nadalla 27.6 134 4 Rathafandhoo 34.4 134 6 Fiyori 38.8 168 3 Maathodaa 42.4 98 3 Fares 43.8 97 3 Vaadhoo 44.9 146 3 Gadhdhoo 57.2 343 6

GNAVIYANI (Fuvahmulah) Fuvahmulah 1,251 36

SEENU (Addu Atoll) Hithadhoo 1,408 47 Maradhoo 7.3 323 15 Maradhoofeydhoo 8.5 179 7 Feydhoo 9.5 464 21 Meedhoo 14.5 318 6 Hulhudhoo 15.2 289 10

71 Attachment B. COICOP classification

Code Level Description A INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY HOUSEHOLDS (01 - 12) 01 1 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 01.1 2 Food 01.1.1 3 Bread and cereals 01.1.2 3 Meat 01.1.3 3 Fish 01.1.4 3 Milk, cheese and eggs 01.1.5 3 Oils and fats 01.1.6 3 Fruit 01.1.7 3 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vegetables 01.1.8 3 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectionery 01.1.9 3 Food products n.e.c. 01.2 2 Non-alcoholic beverages 01.2.1 3 Coffee, tea and cocoa 01.2.2 3 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 02 1 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 02.1 2 Alcoholic beverages 02.1.1 3 Spirits 02.1.2 3 Wine 02.1.3 3 Beer 02.2 2 Tobacco 02.2.1 3 Tobacco 02.3 2 Narcotics 02.3.1 3 Narcotics 03 1 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 03.1 2 Clothing 03.1.1 3 Clothing materials 03.1.2 3 Garments 03.1.3 3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessories 03.1.4 3 Repair and hire of clothing 03.2 2 Footwear 03.2.1 3 Shoes and other footwear 03.2.2 3 Repair and hire of footwear 04 1 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 04.1 2 Actual rentals for housing 04.1.1 3 Actual rentals paid by tenants 04.1.2 3 Other actual rentals 04.2 2 Imputed rentals for housing 04.2.1 3 Imputed rentals of owner-occupiers 04.2.2 3 Other imputed rentals 04.3 2 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 04.3.1 3 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 04.3.2 3 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 04.4 2 Other services relating to the dwelling 04.4.1 3 Refuse collection 04.4.2 3 Sewerage services 04.4.3 3 Water supply 04.4.4 3 Other services relating to the dwelling n.e.c. 04.5 2 Electricity, gas and other fuels 04.5.1 3 Electricity 04.5.2 3 Gas 04.5.3 3 Liquid fuels 04.5.4 3 Solid fuels

72 Attachment B. COICOP classification

Code Level Description 04.5.5 3 Hot water, steam and ice FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINTENANCE OF 05 1 THE HOUSE 05.1 2 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets and other floor coverings and repairs 05.1.1 3 Furniture and furnishings 05.1.2 3 Carpets and other floor coverings 05.1.3 3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverings 05.2 2 Household textiles 05.2.1 3 Household textiles Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, washing machines and similar major 05.3 2 household appliances, including fittings and repairs 05.3.1 3 Major household appliances whether electric or not 05.3.2 3 Small electric household appliances 05.3.3 3 Repair of household appliances 05.4 2 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 05.4.1 3 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 05.5 2 Tools and equipment for house and garden 05.5.1 3 Major tools and equipment 05.5.2 3 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 05.6 2 Goods and services for routine household maintenance 05.6.1 3 Non-durable household goods 05.6.2 3 Domestic services and home care services 06 1 HEALTH 06.1 2 Medical products, appliances and equipment 06.1.1 3 Medical products, appliances and equipment 06.2 2 Out-patient services 06.2.1 3 Medical services 06.2.2 3 Dental services 06.2.3 3 Paramedical services 06.3 2 Hospital services 06.3.1 3 Hospital services 07 1 TRANSPORT 07.1 2 Purchase of vehicles 07.1.1 3 Motor cars 07.1.2 3 Motor cycles 07.1.3 3 Bicycles 07.2 2 Operation of personal transport equipment 07.2.1 3 Spares parts and accessories 07.2.2 3 Fuels and lubricants 07.2.3 3 Maintenance and repair 07.2.4 3 Other services in respect of personal transport equipment 07.3 2 Transports services 07.3.1 3 Passenger transport by railway 07.3.2 3 Passenger transport by road 07.3.3 3 Passenger transport by air 07.3.4 3 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 07.3.5 3 Other purchased transport services 08 1 COMMUNICATIONS 08.1 2 Communications 08.1.1 3 Postal services 08.1.2 3 Telephone and telefax equipment 08.1.3 3 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 09 1 RECREATION AND CULTURE

73 Attachment B. COICOP classification

Code Level Description Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equipment and accessories, 09.1 2 including repairs 09.1.1 3 Equipment for the reception, recording and reproduction of sound and pictures 09.1.2 3 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and optical instruments 09.1.3 3 Data processing equipment 09.1.4 3 Recording media for pictures and sound 09.1.5 3 Repair of audio-visual, photographic and data processing and accessories 09.2 2 Other major durables for recreation and culture, including repairs 09.2.1 3 Other major durables for recreation and culture 09.2.2 3 Repair of other major durables for recreation and culture 09.3 2 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens and pets 09.3.1 3 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camping and open-air recreation 09.3.2 3 Gardens, plants and flowers 09.3.3 3 Pets and related products 09.3.4 3 Veterinary and other services for pets 09.4 2 Recreational and cultural services 09.4.1 3 Sporting and recreational services 09.4.2 3 Cultural services 09.4.3 3 Games of chance 09.5 2 Newspapers, books and stationery 09.5.1 3 Books 09.5.2 3 Newspapers and periodicals 09.5.3 3 Miscellaneous printed matter 09.5.4 3 Stationery and drawing materials 09.6 2 Package holidays 09.6.1 3 Package holidays 10 1 EDUCATION 10.1 2 Educational services 10.1.1 3 Pre-primary and primary education 10.1.2 3 Secondary education 10.1.3 3 Tertiary education 10.1.4 3 Education not definable by level 11 1 HOTELS, CAFÉS AND RESTAURANTS 11.1 2 Catering services 11.1.1 3 Restaurants, cafés, take-aways and the like 11.1.2 3 Canteens 11.2 2 Accommodation services 11.2.1 3 Accommodation services 12 1 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 12.1 2 Personal care 12.1.1 3 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establishments 12.1.2 3 Appliances, articles and products for personal care 12.1.3 3 Personal care services n.e.c. 12.2 2 Personal effects n.e.c. 12.2.1 3 Jewellery, clocks and watches 12.2.2 3 Other personal effects 12.3 2 Social protection services 12.3.1 3 Social protection services 12.4 2 Insurance 12.4.1 3 Life insurance 12.4.2 3 Insurance connected with the dwelling 12.4.3 3 Insurance connected with health 12.4.4 3 Insurance connected with transport 12.4.5 3 Other insurance 12.5 2 Financial services n.e.c. 12.5.1 3 FISIM

74 Attachment B. COICOP classification

Code Level Description 12.5.2 3 Other financial services n.e.c. 12.6 3 Other services n.e.c. 12.6.1 3 Other services n.e.c. 13 1 RELIGION 13.3 2 Religion 13.3.1 3 Religion

QUESTIONNAIRES (ENGLISH)

Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

1 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

2 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

3 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

4 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

5 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

6 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

7 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

8 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

9 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

10 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

11 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

12 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

13 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

14 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

15 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

16 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

17 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

18 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

19 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

20 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

21 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

22 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

23 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

24 Attachment C. HIES Questionnaire

QUESTIONNAIRES (DHIVEHI)

cTcsil egukwtWnib cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim u rcais egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 1 cmOf cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg

.evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv ‘ ‘ 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm : (cSwvwawmwnelWm) cSwriaWLotwa .1 .eveawgutog egcaekwt ubWsih wlcmuj InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmim ‘ ‘ urwbcmwn udcawHwrws .2 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 cmOf wnwv cnumOf unuruf cSwdcawHwrwsim cSwnwtcnwtWrukcnunEb cSwmugcnihctwkcawswm IaWSwmuLuairid urWhim cnwtim wA wA csevcaea iawgunwtim cnunEb udwd ?OtELua caeaIsibEg unuvoh cniaclwpcmWs ?OtEveruk

urwbcmwn urWmux cnwn egWhImcsia egIsibEg h cnwn egWnib

cnwruk wmwhiruf iawbim) ( Enemi ( EkeaWa .1 EkeaWa EkeaWa .1 EkeaWa EkenUn .2 EkenUn (rwDIlcmIT InEhej .2 EkenUn udwdwA

urwbcmwn urWmux egunwt urWmux urwbcmwn hm i w

urwbcmwn urWmux egIsibEg urwbcmwn

ns iiaw Er egm) c I Edb g et I ( Inumin ) ( Inumin ( Inumin ) ( Inumin

egIsIbEg ELuairid iawgunwt ELuairid egIsIbEg

egcnu IELuairid agIsibEgim

(9) (8) (7) (6) (5) (4) (3) (2) (1) wlcmuj egWhcfwB Iruk

2 1 2 1

wlcmuj

cHIrWt (2) (1) iaos (2) : cnwn egurWdulWvus (1) :cnwn egurWdulWvus cmOf IsibEg cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim ur ur cais egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 2 cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm cmOf Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg .evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv cnurukwgwhWfcnwt .eveawgutog egcaekwt ubWsih wlcmuj InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmim :cnwn egWhImcsia egIsibEg .5 (cSwvwa wmwnelWm) cSwriaWLotwa .1 urwbcMwn udcawHwrws .2 ‘ ‘ cnwnegutWrwfEd utWmUluAwm .6 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm cnwn egunwt .3 ‘ ‘ urwbcmwn unOf ELug .7 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 (urwbcmwn Wviawg 6cmwlok cTcsilegukwt Wnib) urwbcmwnurWmux egIsibEg .4 utWmUluAwm egunwtELuairid .1

?OtcaenwtEdiluk wtwvun caenwt WvuniawfihejwmwhcSwtogEdiluk ,Otcaenwtwlcaimwa IkwnwtELuairid .5 ctwvWb egWnib .1

(Ed cS 7.s) caenwtwlcaimwa .1 caeaeg .1 csckelcpcmok cTcnwmcTrWpea /cTelcf .2 (Ed cS 7.s) caenwtegcaetWrwfcnehea ,Wvuniawfihejwmwh cSwtogEdiluk .2 caenwtEdiluk .3 (.eveawgutogegcaenwtEdiluk InWvcnwlwb wmwnEdilukcnutWrwf WviawfIdWfIzwv csevwmwn EhejuncnEdilukcSwawlcaimwa : cTOn) ?OtcSwairub cawtik Iruhiawfideh cnwt .2

R (cniaWyifur) ?OtcaerwvWhikIkwycauk eguhwvudcswmWvcaed cSwnwtELuairid .6 ?OtirwTokcawtik InwrukcnunEb cSwmuLuairid cnemcnea egIsibEgim .3 (.eveSWnwmih cnwtcnwt wdwf ,cmUr gcniTis ,egwhwDnwb ,egidwb ,egWk ,irwTok iawgEret egiawlcmuj ) ?Otunuveruk iawgIsibEgim caetwkcawswm egumuruk ctWrWmia wdwf Wvwncnwdim iawgEret eguhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv .7 wlcmuj .1 (cniaWyifur)udwrwK ignih EkenUn EkeaWa 2 1 (caenwt wdwf WnWKWf ,irwTok) ?Otcnivcaeruk caetWrWmia csevcaea iawgIsibEg .1 cSwmudin .2 2 1 ?Otcnivcaeruk utWmWrwm caeawb csevcaea egurodeg .2 2 1 ?OtcniveTcaeheb caeLwv .3 ?OtELuairidurWhim WliaWA cawtik iawgIsibEgim .4 2 1 ?OtcnirukufWscnib cSwmuruk ctWrWmia .4 (.eveaenemih csev cnirifwmed Ebitun cnirwd iawgEret egIm)

cSwmunEb csIfoa cHIrWt iaos iaos (2) : cnwn egurWdulWvus (1) :cnwn egurWdulWvus cKIrWt iaos :cnwn egWhImWrukcTiDea

cKIrWt iaos :cnwn egWhImWrukuDOk cKIrWt iaos : rwTErwpoaIk cKIrWt iaos : rwywfirev itekwt wncnuhimed cSwhwvud wnig iruh iawgIsibEg .2 .eveaenEnemihun iawgiawbim iheCcaea EverukutWmWrwm ,EvelWkcaiv ,Evenwg iawgEret egIsibEg :cTOn .8

?OtEruhcawtctwvWb Wvwncnwdim ELugWmuvulifihUfinum cSwmuruk cnunEb iawgIsibEg .3 ?OtEruhcawtctwvWb Wvwncnwdim egutWlwBWvum Wrutwfurutwd cSwmuruk cnunEb iawgIsibEg .2 ?OtEruh cawtctwvWb Wvwncnwdim cSwmurukcnunEb iawgIsibEg .1 unuvenwg uhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv unuvenwg uhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv unuvenwg uhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv ctwvWb ctwvWb ctwvWb udwrwK ignih udwdwA udwrwK ignih udwdwA udwrwK ignih udwdwA udwdwA udwdwA hu udwdwA

(cniaWyifur) itekwtWb itekwtWa (cniaWyifur) itekwtWb itekwtWa E u n (cniaWyifur) itekwtWb itekwtWa 2 1 2 1 2 1 OaiDEr .1 clwkcsiawb .1 cnixem wncnod .1

2 1 IvIT .2 2 1 clwkiaws .2 2 1 iSofWhwf uTcnwrwk .2

2 1 u

IPIsIv/ rwaIsIv .3 urWk .3 2 1 Eruh

2 1 ru iritcsia uTcnwrwk .3

E h

Eruhun IpIDIsIv/ 2 1 h

Eru Irol/cpwkip .4 2 1 Erhun Wkcnwf .4 2 1 c Tes cTckepcmok .4 2 1 cTes Whwjwvwl/ cTOb cDIPcs/inOd .5 2 1 cnuduacsEg .5 2 1 2 1 cmEg IvIT .5 cnOfeleT .6 2 1 2 1 irWmwlwacsiawa .6 rwTuaiPcmok .6 2 1 cnOfcliawbOm .7 2 1 2 1 rwTOm cnef .7 rwnwTcneacxiD .7 2 1 cnixem csckef .8 2 1 2 1 cnwvwa .8 IvIT clwbEk .8 2 1 .9 2 1 2 1 rDwncairwgc/ rCwsckcmi .9 Wremek .9 2 1 .10 2 1 2 1 .10 2 1 rwkuk csiawr .10 .11 2 1 .11 2 1 rwTErenej .11 2 1 .12 2 1 rwnwxiDcnok rwaea .12

2 1 .13

2 1 .14 2 1 .15

( C ) wlcmuj egcmwlok ( B ) wlcmuj egcmwlok ( A ) wlcmuj egcmwlok

D ( A+B+C ) wlcmuj egurwhwa

caeCcaea egukwtctwvWb Wviawfiveruk cnWywb iawgItwm urwhwa wyidevutEv caeCcaea egukwtctwvWb Wviawfiveruk cnWywb iawgItwm urwhwa wyidevutEv caeCcaea egukwtctwvWb Wviawfiveruk cnWywb iawgItwm urwhwa wyidevutEv (F) ?Otcniruk utWmWrwm 3.2 ?OtcnilWkcaiv 3.1 (E) ?Otcniruk utWmWrwm 2.2 ?OtcnilWkcaiv 2.1 (D) ?Otcniruk utWmWrwm 1.2 ?OtcnilWkcaiv 1.1 (Wyifur) udwrwK wyid EkenUn EkeaWa (Wyifur) unubil cnegiawkcaiv EkenUn EkeaWa (Wyifur) udwrwK wyid EkenUn EkeaWa (Wyifur) unubil cnegiawkcaiv EkenUn EkeaWa (Wyifur) udwrwK wyid EkenUn EkeaWa (Wyifur) unubil cnegiawkcaiv EkenUn EkeaWa 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 cawturutwd Wruk cSwrEbcnEjcaWr .3

?Otwyid cSwrEb cnEjcaWr iawgcaedwBcqwm Wvwncnwdim iawgIrit ukwhIm csevcaea egIsibEgim iawgEret eguhwvudcswm 12 wyidevutEv .9

cawtudwrwK wyid cnutwa cnuhIm egIsibEg InwviawfWvcawruk udwrwK uDnwgiawm egurutwd ?Otwyid ukwhIm csevcaea ( cniaWyifur ) ?OtcnukwtWrwfcnehea udwBcqwm egurutwd Enemihun udwrwK cswnczib iaWSwlwdumurwh (caetWrwf cnehea WvwyifcnuhIm egIsibcEg) ?Oturutwd cawtik wlcmuj wmwnwyid cSwkwkwtcnunEbwnig iawgcaerutwdcaea) (.eveSWrukcTOn udwrwKea cnuSwd egudwBcqwm uDnwgiawm udwrwK cnehinehea cSwmuvcaerukurutwd cnugwm egiawv udwrwK wyid cSwTekiT 2 1 2 1 cSwaWvurwfcsEb .1 2 1 2 1 cSwmuvulifihUfinum / cSwmurukwdEhITcauC .2

2 1 2 .2 EkenUn 1 cSwmuvunIrcmwt /cSwmuruk cliBWh cmIluAwt .3 EkeaWa .1

2 .2 EkenUn 1 2 1 cSwaWrcmuA /cSwjcawH .4

(A) (B) wlcmuj EkeaWa .1

T (A) + (B) wlcmuj iLum

cnutwgened urwvcnim iruh cnwkcswvwnwt egIsibEg .4 cSwaWhImcsia egIsibEg inwkeawmwh ?Otivunof Wsiawf cSwrEb cnEjcaWr ukwhIm csevcaea egIsibEgim iawgEret eguhwvudcswm 12 wyidevutEv .10 (cnurutia egukwtudwrwK WviawfcSokcnWywb iawg 9 .s) ?Otiawa caelwdwb csevcaea cSwaInwdcmWa unubil cSwaIsibEgim iawgEret eguhwvud urwhwa 5 wyidevutEv .12 ( Ed cS 12.s ) EkenUn .2 EkeaWa .1 Ivurutia .1 Ivudwm .2 (Enemihun udwrwK cswnczib iawgEretegIm) ?OtcaerwvWhikIaea idwa OtukwmunEbcnok Iaea .11 EdWncaelwdwb .3 Wyifur cSwmuveyik .1 ?Otcaenihik urwvcnef egumuLuairid egIsibEgim uriaWlwbWLwaWkwtIsibEg cnehea eguSwrim .13 Wyifur cSwa Wvurwf csEb .2 cSwdurwvcnef cSwrwv .1 Wyifur (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea .3 cSwderuvcSwrwvcnef cjercvea .2 caerwvcnef cjercvea .3 Wyifur Wsiawf Wvunof cSwmunEb ikea cnIsEdib ELugcneg iawgEg cnegIdwrWsum .4 uLwgnwr urwvcnef .4 uLwgnwr urwvcnef cSwrwv .5 cnWywburutia cmOf egcnuhIm cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim urcasi egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 3 cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm cmOf Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg

.evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv ‘ ‘ 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm csWdurwkulWvuswnwv cnuhWdurwkulWvus unuruf cSwaIsibEgim .eveawgutog egcaekwt ubWsih wlcmuj InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmim ‘ ‘ cSwnwtcnwtWrukcnunEb cSwmugcnihctwkcawswm IaWSwmuLuairid 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 cnurukwgwhWfcnwt

wlcmuj cnehirif cnehcnwa iawgWtcfwh wyidevutEv (Wdin wgIsibEgWkcnulwToh ,ELua iaobiawk cnunwtikea urwhwfikea) wlcmuj egcnuhIm unuLuairid iawgIsibEgim .6 (cSwvwa wmwnelWm) cSwriaWLotwa .1 udwdwA egcnuhIm eguSwd cnurwhwa 15 Enemih iawgIsibEgim .7 urwbcmwn udcawHwrws .2 udwdwA egcnuhIm egItwm cnurwhwa 15 iaWrwhwa 15 Enemih iawgIsibEgim .8 cnwn egunwt .3 ( cnuhImWrukurutwdcTOb /iawgcTOsir ) udwdwA egcnuhIm Wrukctwkcawswm iawgurEbcnuSwr cnEret egcnuhIm egIsibEgim .9 urwbcmwnurWmux egIsibEg .4 udwdwA egcniduk ibit iawguSwrcSwr cnehinehea iawkwTcSwmuveyik cniaeret egcniduk egIsibEgim .10 cnwnegWhImcsia egIsibEg .5 udwdwA egcniduk ibit iawgurEb cnEjcaWr iawkwTcSwmuveyik cniaeret egcniduk egIsibEgim .11

(cSwkwrumuA Whiruh) iawb umcaWA .1

urwbcmwn iaWmwn egWhIm .1

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cnehcnwa .1 cscnij .2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 cnehirif .2

wmwnWvunurwhwa ,cnwrukcnWywb urumuA cnurwhwa IdWlIm Wviawfiruf ) :urumuA .3 (.eveSWhwj 00

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cnihevid .1 utwycaimuawq .4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 cnIsEdib .2

? OtcnukwtwycaiXiawhcnok Inenemih iawgIsibEgim .5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 WhImcsia .1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 caenWmeHem wncnuh cnegIdWsiawf .2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 caehImurEbcnEjcaWr ELugcneg cnegIdwrWsum .3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 caescaevid ELua iawgutog egcaehImELugcneg .4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 caenWmeHem .5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 caehImcnehea egIsibEg .6 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 urwbcmwn egWhIm ? OtcnIsibEgim InuLua iaobiawk iawgWtcfwh wyidevutEv .6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EkeaWa .1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 EkenUn .2

Inwviawfihejwmwh cawtcnwk egumudin iawgWtcfwh wyidevutEv .7 ? OtwgIsibEgim 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EkeaWa .1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 EkenUn .2

cSwncnuhIm Itwmcnurwhwa 15 iaWrwhwa 15 cnwkiretctwkcawswm .2

IrukwdEh utugwvwnig iawgEret eguhwvudcswm wyidevutEv .8 ? Otwgcaemwkcnok ( Ed cS 11.s ) iawgutwkcawswm wdwfEbil InwdcmWa .1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (Enemih cnuhIm ibit iawgITcauC EbilwrWsum) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 iawgumudOh cnIrcmwt / iawgumuveyik .2

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 iawgumulebcniduk iaWtwkcawswm egEretEg .3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 cSokuncaemwkikwv .4

csevcaeawdwfEbilInwdcmWa iawgEret eguhwvudcswm wyidevutEv .9 ,cnudcniacswg ,cnunidcnwxuaiT ) ?Otiruk caetwkcawswm InwdcmWa cSwaWliaWA Ebilun wrWsum cSwaWmit ,cnudehWkideh ,cnuhef ( caetwkcawswm wdwfEbil 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ( Ed cS 11.s ) EkeaWa .1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 EkenUn .2

egcaehIm Enemihun iawgIsibEgim wtwvun cniluk uhwwm wyidevutEv .10 ?Otunubilcaea Wsiawf csevcaea cnutWrwf 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 EkeaWa .1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 EkenUn .2

:cnurukwgwhWf cnuhIm Ehej cnEd cmOf InwdcmWa .11

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 cnurukwgwhWf cnuhIm Ehejcnwrukwmwhiruf cmOf .1 iawg 1 cDOk eg 10.s wtwvun 9.s wtwvun 8.s ) ( cnuhIm WviawfWLwauLob 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 cnurukwgwhWf cnuhIm Ehejun cnwrukwmwhiruf cmOf .2 ( cnuhIm WviawfWLwauLob iawg 2 cDOk eg 10.s ) cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim ras cmOf InwdcmWa u c i egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 4 cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm cmOf Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg .evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv ‘ ‘ 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm .eveawgutog egcaekwt ubWsih wlcmuj InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmim cSwnwtcnwtWrukcnunEb cSwmugcnihctwkcawswm IaWSwmuLuairid ‘ ‘ 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 cnurukwgwhWfcnwt urwbcmwnurWmux egIsibEg .4 (cSwvwa wmwnelWm) cSwriaWLotwa .1 ...... cnwn egWhIM .5 urwbcmwn udcawHwrws .2 urwbcmwn egWhIM .6 cnwn egunwt .3 cSwncnuhImItwmcnurwhwa 15 iaWrwhwa 15 ctwkcawswm csia .1 cnudcaefua itekwt ?OtcaemwkELug iaWkwmwkiretctwkcawswm egcaetwvWbcnok Ikwtwkcawswm ivcaeruk wdEh utugwvwnig emcnea uhwvudcswm wyidevutEv .1 ISIC CODE Wsiawf unubil C.P.C. CODE cawtctwvWbunukiv uhwvud cswm wyidevutEv cnukwtctwvWb idcaefua .11 Wyifur .1 Wyifur .2 ISCO CODE ?Otiawbok IkwaWfIzwv ivcaerukWdwa wtwvun Ikwmwkivcaeruk cnegiLugWmwkiretctwkcawswmim .2 Wyifur .3 udwrwKignih uhwmwyidevutEv cSwmudcaefuaitekwt .12 ?Otiawbok Ikwmwn eguzwkurwm wtwvun csIfoa Wruk ctwkcawswmim .3 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwCcaekwtunudOh cSwmudcaefuaitekwt .1 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwmurukutWmWrwmcnwt iaWCcaekwtELugcneg iawgutwkcawswm .2 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea iaWtcaok egcnuhIm iviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswm .3 ?OtiawbokIkwtwvWb eguzwkurwmigcnih ctwkcawswmim .4 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwrutwfurutwd .4 cswsivrws ITiruaikes clwnwxen .4 caehIfoa urWkurws .1 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea .5 cnibuDnwdwlcaimwa /egwlcaimwa /caeaeg egcaetWrwfwlcaimwa .5 caeNcnufcnuk wlcaimwa/ caeNcnufcnuk urWkurws .2

?OtcSwkwnwtcnwtcnok Inwkcaivitekwt .13 ctencaenwtikwv .6 caenwt egcaetWrwfwlcaimwa .3 cSwaelWm .1 ?OtErukwdEh uriaiDwgcawtik ukwaWtcfwh cSokumcaWA iawgutwkcawswmim uriaWlwb cSwhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv .5 cSwkwtcTOsir .2 cSwncnutiycawreguSwr .3 ?Otuhwmcawtik Irukctwkcawswmim uhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv .6 cSwkwtuLotwacnehea iaWSwrcSwr cneheaeguLotwa .4 cnunid ctwmudih ?OtcnukwtwycaiXiawhcnok InwviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswmim .7 Wsiawf unubil C.P.C. CODE ctwmudih unuved uhwm wyidevutEv .14 (Ed cSwywb egutwkcawswm wnwved ) (ELugcneg cnufwzcawvum)ctWrwfirev wtwvun ctWrwfWgcnih ctwkcawswm .1 Wyifur .1 (Ed cSwywb egutwkcawswm wnwved ) caefwzcawvum .2 Wyifur .2 ( Ed cS 10.s ) caeairetctwkcawswm wlcaimwa .3 Wyifur .3 cniretctwkcawswm cpUrcg /cniretctwkcawswm egWliaWA EbilunwrWsum .4 udwrwKignih uhwmwyidevutEv cSwmunid ctwmudih .15 ?OtcnuhIm cawtik Iviret ctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswmim uhwmwyidevutEv .8 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwCcaekwtunudOh cSwmunid ctwmudih .1 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwmurukutWmWrwmcnwt iaWCcaekwtELugcneg iawgutwkcawswm .2 ?OtWhImcsia egcpUrcg Iaim .9 (Ed cSwywb egutwkcawswm wnwved ) Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea iaWtcaok egcnuhIm iviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswm .3 EkenUn .2 EkeaWa .1 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwrutwfurutwd .4 ?Otcaetwkcawswm EdcSokurOf caetwmudih wtwvun Otcaetwkcawswm iretcnudcaefua iawgcaetog uDnwgiawm Ikwtwkcawswmim .10 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea .5 ( Ed cS 14.s ) caetwmudih .2 ( Ed cS 11.s ) cnudcaefua .1 cnudcaefua itekwt ctwkcawswm wnwved .2 ?Otcnivcaeruk caetwkcawswm cnehea Wvwyif ctwkcawswm csia * cawtctwvWbunukiv uhwvud cswm wyidevutEv cnukwtctwvWb idcaefua .11 ( Ed cS 16 .s ) EkenUn .2 EkeaWa .1 Wsiawf unubil C.P.C. CODE Ikwtwkcawswm ivcaeruk wdEh utugwvwnig emcnea cnukwt ctwkcawswm cnehea Wvwyif ctwkcawswm csia uhwvudcswm wyidevutEv .1 .1 Wyifur ?OtcaemwkELug iaWkwmwkiretctwkcawswm egcaetwvWbcnok ISIC CODE Wyifur .2 Wyifur .3 ?Otiawbok IkwaWfIzwv ivcaerukWdwa wtwvun Ikwmwkivcaeruk cnegiLugWmwkiretctwkcawswmim .2 udwrwKignih uhwmwyidevutEv cSwmudcaefuaitekwt .12 ISCO CODE Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwCcaekwtunudOh cSwmudcaefuaitekwt .1 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwmurukutWmWrwmcnwt iaWCcaekwtELugcneg iawgutwkcawswm .2 ?Otiawbok Ikwmwn eguzwkurwm wtwvun csIfoa Wruk ctwkcawswmim .3 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea iaWtcaok egcnuhIm iviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswm .3 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwrutwfurutwd .4 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea .5 ?OtiawbokIkwtwvWb eguzwkurwmigcnih ctwkcawswmim .4 cswsivrws ITiruaikes clwnwxen .4 caehIfoa urWkurws .1 ?OtcSwkwnwtcnwtcnok Inwkcaivitekwt .13 cnibuDnwdwlcaimwa /egwlcaimwa /caeaeg egcaetWrwfwlcaimwa .5 caeNcnufcnuk wlcaimwa/ caeNcnufcnuk urWkurws .2 cSwaelWm .1 cSwkwtcTOsir .2 ctencaenwtikwv .6 caenwt egcaetWrwfwlcaimwa .3 cSwncnutiycawreguSwr .3 cSwkwtuLotwacnehea iaWSwrcSwr cneheaeguLotwa .4 ?OtErukwdEh uriaiDwgcawtik ukwaWtcfwh cSokumcaWA iawgutwkcawswmim uriaWlwb cSwhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv .5 cnunid ctwmudih ?Otuhwmcawtik Irukctwkcawswmim uhwvud cswm 12 wyidevutEv .6

ctwmudih unuved uhwm wyidevutEv .14 ?OtcnukwtwycaiXiawhcnok InwviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswmim .7 Wsiawf unubil C.P.C. CODE ( Ed cS 16 .s ) (ELugcneg cnufwzcawvum)ctWrwfirev wtwvun ctWrwfWgcnih ctwkcawswm .1 Wyifur .1 ( Ed cS 16 .s ) caefwzcawvum .2 Wyifur .2 ( Ed cS 10.s ) caeairetctwkcawswm wlcaimwa .3 Wyifur .3 cniretctwkcawswm cpUrcg /cniretctwkcawswm egWliaWA EbilunwrWsum .4

udwrwKignih uhwmwyidevutEv cSwmunid ctwmudih .15 ?OtcnuhIm cawtik Iviret ctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswmim uhwmwyidevutEv .8

Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwCcaekwtunudOh cSwmunid ctwmudih .1 Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwmurukutWmWrwmcnwt iaWCcaekwtELugcneg iawgutwkcawswm .2 ?OtWhImcsia egcpUrcg Iaim .9 ( Ed cS 17 .s ) Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea iaWtcaok egcnuhIm iviretctWkwrwh iawgutwkcawswm .3 EkenUn .2 EkeaWa .1

Wyifur udwrwK ignih cSwrutwfurutwd .4 ?Otcaetwkcawswm EdcSokurOf caetwmudih wtwvun Otcaetwkcawswm iretcnudcaefua iawgcaetog uDnwgiawm Ikwtwkcawswmim .10 Wyifur udwrwK cnehinehea .5 ( Ed cS 14.s ) caetwmudih .2 ( Ed cS 11.s ) cnudcaefua .1 InwdcmWa .3 cSwncnuhIm WrukWdwa WfIzwv inwkeawmwh wlcmuj WfIzwv cnehinehea WfIzwvcsia cnukwtctwkcawswmcnehinehea iaWncnutwkcawswm csia uriaWlwb cSwaWfIzwv WvcawrukWdwa *.16 ?OtcaeaWsiawf Whik Inubil uhwvudcswm wyidevutEv

Wyifur Wyifur (.eveSWhwj urwvunubil wmwnWDnwk cSwkwmwk wdwf cmIkcs cpixrwlokcs cTiDerck) cscnwvwlea clwkiDem iaWawrUjua iaWawrWsum .16.1

Wyifur Wyifur cscnwvwleaEdcSwmuLuairid ,cnwximok ,cswnOb ,WsiawfIDwgurutia .16.2

Wyifur Wyifur cSwmwkcnwkwdwf cnurukiritcsiaevod ,cSwmOfInuy .16.3

Wyifur Wyifur cSwdwrwK urutwd Everuk cSwmunEb egutWrwfEd WfIzwv .16.4

Wyifur Wyifur ( wdwfcaenwtenELuairid ,WvurwfIHcais ) urwvcnimEhejcSwtwmudiKEbil cnutWrwfEd WfIzwv .16.5

Wyifur Wyifur ( itekwtcnehinehea ,itekwtObWk ,unuawncnwa ) urwvcnim EhejcSwCcaekwtEbil cnutWrwfEd Wfizwv .16.6

Wyifur Wyifur Wyifur wlcmuj

(clIBcfwt eg 16.5 ,16.6) .eveSWvcawrukcnWywbctwmudiK iaWCcaekwtunubil cniaWfIzwv Edcnwkcsia

(clIBcfwt eg 16.5 ,16.6) .eveSWvcawrukcnWywb ctwmudiK iaWCcaekwtunubil cniaWfIzwv cnehinehea

Wyifur Wyifur ?OtiawbokIkwrwvcnimegWdiawfunubil uhwmwyidevutEv cnutwkcawswm egWliaWA wtwvun wlcaimwa .17

?Otiawbok IkwaInwdcmWa unubil iawguhwm wyidevutEv cnumwkirevWdum .18

Wyifur Wsiawf unubil cniaWscaiH .1 Wyifur Wsiawf unubil cnegcSokUdcSwycauk itekwt .2 Wyifur ilukegutWrWmia .3 Wyifur ilukunubil cnegIdcSwycaukcnib .4 ErukcnWywb clIBcfwt egunwtcnwt iaWCcaekwt EverukUdcSwycauk Wyifur

?OtcaerwvWhik IkwaWsiawf unubil uhwmwyidevutEv cnutogctogcnehinehea .19 Wyifur unubil iawgutogegIhea cSwmwkcnwkikeaikea cnurWkurws .1

Wyifur unubil cnunwxcnep .2

Wyifur unubil cnutWrwf egcniretctwmuHwr iaWncnuhIm egWmitctWg ibitiawgEjcaWr EnemihuniawgIsibEg .3

Wyifur unubil cnutWrwf egcniretctwmuHwr iaWncnuhIm egWmitctWg ibitiawgurEb cnEjcaWr .4 Wyifur Wyifur (Enemihun iawgIm caeCcaea Ebil cnutWrwf cnurwbcmem egIsibEg) unubil cnukwtogcnehea .5 Wyifur A wlcmuj egInwdcmWa udwrwK .4

Wyifur ?OtcaeaWsiawf Whik Inid cSwmunEbegIsibEg uhwvudcswmwyidevutEv .20

Wyifur ?OtcaeaWsiawfWhik InwviawfWgnih cSwkwtudwrwK unuveruk cSwkwtcnunEb wlcaimwa uhwvudcswmwyidevutEv .21

Wyifur ?OtcaedwrwK Whik Ignih cnurutia egudwrwK iruk cSwkwtcnunEb wlcaimwa iaWa Wsiawf cnid cSwaIsibEg uhwvudcswmwyidevutEv .22

B wlcmuj egudwrwK Wyifur (egWhIm)

utWfwt egudwrwK IaWa InwdcmWa unubil *

B A (Ed cS 24 .s wmwn Wviawfibil caeaWdiawf iawgiawbim) Wyifur wlcmuj egudwrwK wlcmuj egInwdcmWa (egWhIm) (Ed cS 26 .s wmwn ctencaetWfwt) = -

?Otcaenihik InwdcawbUf urwvcnim Wvurutia udwrwK eruv cSwa InwdcmWA .23 ?Otcnivcaeruk caetWlwmWAum IlWm Wvwncnwdim iawgIrit uhwvudcswm 12 wyidevutEv .26 cnegcSokWkcawr IrWl .1 cnegiawkcaivWdum .2 (cniaWyifur)urwvcnim EkenUn EkeaWa ( Ed cS 26.s ) cnegiawgwncaenOl .3 2 1 cnunid cSwNcnwrwd Wsiawf .1 (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea .4 2 1 (ukeaWTcserwTcnia) cnurukWdwa inwrwd .2 ?Otcaenihik Ideh cSwaWsiawf ivIkWb uhwmwyidevutEv .24 2 1 cnugen Wsiawf cSwNcnwrwd .3 ( Ed cS 26.s ) Ivunof cSwrEb cnEjcaWr .4 ( Ed cS 26.s ) IrukWmwj cSwkcnEb .1 2 1 unubil cSwTcserwTcnia egcaenOl Wviawfived .4 ( Ed cS 26.s ) (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea .5 Iruk udwrwK cSwkwtcnunEb cnehea .2 ( Ed cS 26.s ) 2 1 unugen cSwTcnwmclOTcscnia /cmIkcs cTiDerck .5 ITcaehwb WfcaokWkcawr iawgEg .3 Ehej cSwlwdum (.eveSWhwj rwbcmwn cnubIturwt Edcnwkcsia) ?Otcaenihik IrukudwrwK Wsiawf ivIkWb uhwmwyidevutEv .25 2 1 igen cnuSwd egcTcnwmclOTcscnia /cmIkcs cTiDerck .6 ikcaed cSwCcaekwt cSwaWnWkuLwgnwr cSwmunid cmIluAwt cSwncnirwd 2 1 ikcaed Wrubnwa cSwkwmwk wdwf cmIkcs cpixrwlokcs .7 cSwaWvurwfcsEb cSwmutwg itekwt WviretctwnIz wdwfWnwhwg 2 1 (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea .8 cSwmurukiretctwnIz iaWSwmurukutwmWrwmurodeg /iaWSwmuLeaurodeg

cnWywburutia cSwmuheb cSwncnurIgwf iaWSwkwtcawtcnwkInId cnuruk cnunEb iawgIrWfwyiv iawgutog egulWmclusuawr cnurukUd cSwkwt ctWrwf cnehea iawgcaetog wdwfEbil Wdiawf (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim (cnunWdnwh)cmOf WrukcTOn udwrwK urcais ejcaWrihevid ,elWm egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim 5 cmOf Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm ‘ ‘ :cSwr iaWLotwa .evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm :cnwn egunwt .eveawgutog egcaekwt cSwnwtcnwtWrukcnunEb ubWsih wlcmuj cSwmugcnihctwkcawswm InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmimIaWSwmuLuairid ‘ ‘ 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 :rwbcmwnurWmux IsibEg :rwbcmwn udcawHwrws (wmwnelWM) iawgEret eguhwvudcswm 1 wyidevutEv .eveaenEnemihun iawgIm WsiawfEd cSwkwkenwa ukwkea egIsibEg :cTOn (wmwneretejcaWr) iawgEret eguhwvudcswm 3 wyidevutEv (cSokuDnwg) itekwtObWk iaWkwtctwvWbeguDWk 1.1 cnwtctwg

uDnwgcnim uhwmwyidevutEv Wr EverukcnunEb ugwa Ehej cSwkwhwvud udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ,Olik) urwvcnim unuvenwg cnia Wm ctwvWb C.P.C CODE utwdcaum Swr cnhea

(iLuf ,rwTIl,itea cnSwr (Wyifur) (cnuhwvud)

(Wyifur)

(5)=(3/4) (4) (3) (2) (1) nk e

2 3 1 6 0 0 1

Olik 4 3 n 2 1

el UDnwh

c cnEjca urEb

Olik 4 3 2 1 cSuf 2 3 1 1 0 0 1

Olik 4 3 2 1 c u w urukwh 2 3 5 2 0 0 1

Olik 4 3 2 1 urik ikih 2 2 9 1 0 0 3

4 3 2 1

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwvud wlcmuj eguhwm = 30 * wlcmuj eguhwvud wlcmuj egWhcfws iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv ( itwkwtObWk unuverukcnunEb cnegiawdcawfua cSwawlcaimwa wtwvun unuvenwg ) itekwtObWk Wdcawfua iawgEjcaWr 1.2

ctWrwf idcaefua cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt iawgutog egWyidwh cSwawrUjua iaWawrWsum cSwawlcaimwa

elWm itekwtunubil itekwtunubil cnegiawdcawfua cnegenwg

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ctwvWb C.P.C CODE

kwSwr cnehea kwSwr urEb cnEjcaWr urEb

Un Un

(Wyifur) n

cnia

c u

cnuSwr urwvcnim urwvcnim urwvcnim urwvcnim

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 0 9 9

cmWrcg irWvuz

(iLuf 2 3 4 3 0 0 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 cn 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea cnWp

,Olik)

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 aa 1 2 1 itea cswnwb 23 4 3 0 0 2

Ek Ek Un

EkenUn Eken

en en

keaWa

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 uDOj uDnwgcnim 23 4 3 0 0 4

Eke W E EkeaWa

EkeaWa iSorWf iawgEjcaWr .1

2iawgurEb cnEjcaWr .2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea uLukuk Erid 0 2 1 2 2 9 9 ,rwTIl,itea 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea csib uLukuk 0 2 9 2 0 0 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 cawv oyekcnod 01 3 1 0 0 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 cawv oyekcsoLWm 01 3 1 0 0 2 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea Wbnuruk 01 3 1 0 0 5 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea iSWk 0 1 3 1 0 0 6

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea ubnwa 0 1 3 1 0 0 7

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea OLwf 01 3 4 9 0 9

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Olik Wrwk 01 3 4 10 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea cTuruf cnwxef 01 3 4 9 1 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea oyekubnwb 01 2 3 9 0 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea oyekiSwk 01 3 4 9 0 5 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea Obnul 01 3 2 0 0 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Olik wlwa 01 2 4 0 0 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea wgWf 01 2 3 9 0 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 Olik iSwb 01 2 3 9 1 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 iLOk ctwfidnwkih 01 2 3 9 1 4 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 ctwf ctwf WbnWr 01 2 3 9 0 9 2 1 4 3 2 1 12 12 12 12 /csurimOr 01 2 3 9 1 2 cmWrcg csurimoyetig 2 1 4 3 2 1 12 12 12 12 Olik Obwrwb 01 2 3 9 2 1 4 3 2 1 /cmWrcg 01 3 60 0 2 2 1 12 12 12 12 Olik udwmwnwk 2 1 4 3 2 1 12 12 12 12

2 1 4 3 2 1 12 12 12 12

wlcmuj egWtcfwh (Weekly total) wlcmuj eguhwm =(Weekly total * 52/12)

wlcmuj egWhcfws iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv cawt ctwvWb eguhwm 1.3

cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt a wr iawgutog egWyidwh cSwawrUjua iaWawrWsum cSwawlcaimwa elWm cnegenwg udwrwK wlcmuj wyid cnehe itekwtunubil itekwtunubil cnegiawdcawfua

cnia ctwvWb C.P.C CODE urEb cnEjcaWr urEb

(Wyifur) nuk wr

nUn

urwvcnim urwvcnim kenUn urwvcnim urwvcnim c

cnuS

4 3 2 1 0 4 1 2 0 0 1

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 itea

cswmuDnwk

a 0 4 1 2 0 0 3

4 23 1 12 12 12 12 itea cswmurwf

wS 21 2 4 0 0 1

4 23 1

12 EkenUn E 12 EkenUn 12 Eke 12 cmWrcg

keaWa cswmurwvilef

EkeaWa EkeaW E EkeaWa 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 itea uDnwgcnim cswmiSum 04 1 2 0 0 2 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 wbik cswmikih 12 2 3 0 0 1 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 wbik cswmOLwv 12 2 3 0 0 2 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 ihWl urukWhir 12 2 4 0 0 3

4 23 1 12 12 12 12 cmWrcg cTekep cswm 12 2 3 0 0 3 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 4 23 1 12 12 12 12 wlcmuj egWtcfwh (Weekly total) wlcmuj eguhwm =(Weekly total *52/12) iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv cawtctwvWb egWnWk 1.4 cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt uDnwgcnim

lWm

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ,Olik) c E aWr

cnae c WarW u C.P.C CODE w l ima ctwvWb

urwvcnim urb njc

t wtunubil (Wyifur) (iLuf ,rwTIl,itea Saw ca w

wgutog egWyidwh wgutog

n E

cnegiawdcawfu

nukwSwr c nukwSwr ehe

i c

i 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 3 1 6 0 0 1

Olik UDnwh

i wt b cnuSwr

cSaw ua a w sm

Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSuf 2 3 1 1 0 0 1

negenwg

a tek unu il

c 2 3 5 2 0 0 1

4 3 2 1 4 3

Olik ia 2 1 urukwh

c n a

2 3 7 1 0 0 2 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 w rUji 3 2 1 csclcDUn 4 3 2 1 2 3 7 1 0 0 1 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 ITegepcs

cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 udOkcsib 2 3 4 2 0 0 1

cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csckelcf cnOk 2 3 1 5 0 0 2

Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 uLukukirukinif 2 1 1 2 2 0 1

Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cswm ireg 2 1 1 1 2 0 1

2 1 1 2 2 0 2 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cjesos cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 urik ikih 2 2 9 1 0 0 3 4 3 2 1 4 3 cmWrcg 2 1 uLwd Oliawm 2 2 9 1 0 0 5 rwTIl 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 urik Wyid 2 2 9 2 0 9 9 4 3 2 1 4 3 1 2 2 9 2 0 0 1 cmWrcg 2 urikireg 2 2 9 5 0 9 9 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 czIC ,Ipcnwrck cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 3 6 6 0 0 1 cDercpcs cTelckoC rwTIl 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cliaoa gcnikuk 2 1 6 5 0 0 1

cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnIrijrWm /rwTwb 2 2 9 4 0 9 9 wlcmuj egWtcfwh (Weekly total) wlcmuj eguhwm =(Weekly total * 52/12) wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv ( ....ELug iaWyiruk) cawtctwvWb egWnWk 1.4

cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt uDnwgcnim

ubil

,Olik) urwvcnim nbil

niael udwrwK wlcmuj wyid wtun

(iLuf ,rwTIl,itea cnegenwg C.P.C CODE tekwtu

te ctwvWb

(Wyifur) i

Sw wlc imwa u

cnukwSwr cnhea

cnurEb cnEjcaWr cnurEb

c egawdcawfua 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 8 Olik isWnwlwa

a a

u e

cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 cnuSwr 4 3 2 1 ( WzWt) urudwkcsibEm 0 1 3 3 0 9 9

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 1 3 5 0 0 1

cmWrcg c (cscnisiaer) urudwkcsibEm ikih

iawgtog gWyidwh

0 1 3 4 9 0 1

4 3 2 1 4 3 rUj2 i arW u 1 itea n i

cSwaw aW ua w sm ulwfWa

0 1 3 2 0 0 2 itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cjcneroa cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (WlcaivwdOr) urudwk 2 1 5 3 0 0 3 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 unol 1 6 2 0 0 0 1 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ivulwa 0 12 1 0 0 1 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ugum 0 12 2 0 0 2 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (cnegenwg cnikwv) cTerek 0 12 4 0 0 5 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (cnegenwg cnikwv) iLot 0 12 4 0 0 9 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (cnegenwg cnikwv) cjebek 0 12 3 9 0 4 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Wbcnwkuaik 0 12 3 9 1 0 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 IrWkurwt WzWt 0 12 3 9 2 6 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 uLwd cliaeTckok cTurcf 2 1 5 4 0 0 2 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Ifok 2 3 9 1 1 9 9 Olik /cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ctwfiaws 2 3 9 1 3 9 9 cmWrcg /rwTIlilim 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csUj 2 1 4 0 0 0 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 /cTekep Oliawm /cTekep IDElcCwD 2 2 1 1 0 0 3 cmWrcg /rwTIlilim cawtcniaub wdwf Uzwy rwTIlilim 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 rwTOv clwrwnim 2 4 41 0 0 1 Olik /cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 udWvwh /cTekeP udWvwh 0 16 2 0 1 0 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 0 16 2 0 0 2 cmWrcg cTekep csurim / csurim ikih 0 6 0 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 iribnwtok 1 2 0 5 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 irid 0 16 2 0 0 6 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 udnwgcaivwd 0 16 2 0 0 7 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csurimEswa 0 16 2 0 0 8 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 udemunol 0 12 4 0 0 6 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 urugnia 0 12 4 0 0 7 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 UdIr 0 16 2 0 0 9 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTcsEP OTWmoT 2 1 3 9 0 0 4 Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Wyif 0 12 4 0 0 8

cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 uLwd cscnIbcDwkEb 2 13 9 0 0 1 3 3 cmWrcg 4 2 1 4 2 1 cmEj 2 15 2 0 9 9 cmWrcg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csOs IliC /csOs OTWmoT 2 39 9 5 0 1 cTekep 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 clwsurWpctwb 6 32 9 0 0 1 cnuaek 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmiaub cniaek cnulwToh 6 32 9 0 0 2 cnuaek 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmiaub cniaek cnuTcnwrOTcser 6 32 9 0 0 3 0 6 itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Wkideh 2 39 9 9 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

wlcmuj egWtcfwh (Weekly total) wlcmuj eguhwm =(Weekly total * 52/12) wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv cawtctwvWb egumufud iaWtwfcnud 1.5

cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt

ea wh

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid a

Swr

eg w u i

(Wyifur) tu bi C.P.C CODE

uDnwgcnim cnEjc Eb Wr

urwvcnim awlcaimwa ctwvWb

tekwtnubl n

warUjua iaawrWsum

i n eng

c w W

it nu l

ekw

n a 2 5 0 1 0 0 1

itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTErigis

iDib 2 5 0 1 0 0 2 itea 4 3 2 1 4 c u 3 2 1

n i

cSw

2 5 0 9 0 0 3 4 3 2 1 c egawdcawfu Olik 4 3 2 1 c iaelWm ctwfcnud

egWyid iawgutog cn wS n itea 4 3 2 1 4 ukc wr eh 3 2 1 ilcaik /IrWpus 2 1 5 3 0 0 1

S Olik 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 caOfOr /caOfcnef 0 1 3 6 0 0 3

uDnwg 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ctelib 2 1 5 3 0 0 1

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ctelibideh ,cawtctwvWb gemufudu ncheniheae 2 1 5 3 0 0 1 wlcmuj egWtcfwh (Weekly total) wlcmuj eguhwm = (Weekly total *52/12) iawgEret egurwhwa wyidevutEv udwrwK EverukcSwmudOh urwCInurwf iaWSwmuruk wmwhiruferetEg .2 cnwtctwg ctog unudOh itekwt

m ea uDnwgcnim l

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ,Olik) nubi

urwvcnim unuvenwg ctwvWb C.P.C CODE egiawdcawfu

it tnubl cnrEb cnEjaWrcnrEb

(Wyifur) (iLuf ,rwTIl,itea cSwaw cai w

a g

cn w

eng

u c i e wgutog Wyidwh

cTes 4 3 2 cnuk cneh wr 1 4 3 2 1 cTes iDnog 3 8 1 4 0

3 8 1 4 0

4 3 2 1 u

cTes 4 cTes cmUrcDeb

al uSr 3 2 1 a

cnie W

cneg w

ekw u i

itekwt 3 8 1 5 0

itea 4 3 2 1 l ma 4 3 2 1 iDwdog

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 8 7 2 4 0 cnuruk utWmWrwm urwCInurwf

Sa ua iaaw sm

c w wrUj W rW u itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTIx cDeb 2 7 1 2 0

4 3 2 1 2 7 1 3 0 uDnwg 4 3 2 1 itofurod itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 itekwt wdwf Ua ,Wscmws 4 2 9 1 6

itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 iLwv 4 2 9 1 3

itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 iDnekuLwd 4 2 9 2 1

itea 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cDrOb gcninwywa 4 4 6 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (A) wlcmuj egurwhwa

( A/ 12 ) wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhcfws iawgEret eguhwvud cswm 3 wyidevutEv cnWviawf iaWTUb idwa unuawncnwa .3 wtwvun idcaefua cnwtctwg ctWrwf cnidctwmudih ctog egItekwt ctog unudOh itekwt

a e

lWm uSr udwrwK wlcmuj wyid bil ctwvWb

niae egWyi

(Wyifur) iawda S w c i w C.P.C CODE

ua iaWaw sm

erukc.2 nEb cn w

walam

itekwtunu

cnu wSwr cnhea

i e wtunubi cn eng

2 6 6 1 0

4 3 2 1

2 1 2 1 n a 3 2 1 itof

c cnEjc urEb Wr

cae c ea

cSawr 4 3 2 1 4 tk l 2 8 2 0 0

2 1 2 1 k 3 2 1 cSwmuhef

a iv nu

n c wfua eg w

4 3 2 1 c eg 2 8 2 2 7

cae .1 Wa aea 4 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 cnudeh egcnidukwDuk

i wgtog dwh

Wvi wf a u iawgEjcaWr .1 iawgEjcaWr 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnudeh egcnunehcnwa 2 8 2 3 3

w Uj rW u

2 .2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csImwg egcnunehirif 2 8 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cscnij /cnUluTwf 2 8 2 3 1

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTcnemrWg rwDcnwa egcnunehcnwa 2 8 2 3 7 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTcnemrWg rwDcnwa egcnunehirif 2 8 2 3 2

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Ipen /csWpiawD 3 2 1 9 3

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnWviawf egcnidukwDuk 2 9 3 4 0 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnWviawf IrIvwh 2 9 3 3 0 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnIkWTcsia 2 8 2 1 0

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ( gcnigoj ,csineT) cTUb WdcneLuk 2 9 4 2 0 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmurukiritcsiaevod 9 7 1 3 0 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 (A) wlcmuj eguhwm 3 ( A / 3 ) wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv udwrwK ignih cSwlet idwa cTcnwrwk ,cnef ,cnuTcaeheleb iaWmurukutWmWrwm urodeg .4

ctWrwf cnidctwmudih wtwvun idcaefua

C.P.C CODE udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ctwmudih / ctwvWb (Wyifur)

2 1 Wlif cDuviawlcf 3 1 4 1 0 2 1 itcnemis 3 7 4 4 0 2 1 iSum 3 7 3 7 0 iawgEjcaWr .1 2 1 csInurwv /udWvwd 3 5 1 1 0

2 .2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr 1 cTepWk 2 7 2 3 0

2 1 clWfurwt 3 8 9 3 0

2 1 clib cTcnwrwk 6 9 1 1 0 2 1 clibcnef 6 9 2 1 0 2 1 udwrwKegumukua inuk 9 4 2 1 1

2 1 (Wkcawk)iLuf csEg 6 9 1 2 0 2 1 (oyet cnIsWrwk) oyet ufWs 3 3 3 4 0 2 1 clOrcTep 3 3 3 4 0 2 1 clwsID 3 3 3 5 0

2 1 iDnuk wncnod 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 itekwtWrukufWs WnWKWf 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 itekwtwdwf cPom /ihif Whwkinuk 3 8 9 9 3

2 1 itekwtwwdwf csckoTclex 3 4 6 2 0 2 1 ilukegEg 7 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm

wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv WvurwfcsEb iaWkwtctwmudiK IHcais .5 wtwvun idcaefua cnwt unubil ctwmudih

ctWrwf cnidctwmudih

r wr

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid elWm C.P.C CODE

cnehea cnuS

cnEjc W ctwvWb

(Wyifur) cnukwSwr cnukwSwr

cnia

3 5 2 6 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 clODwnep

n a

c urEb 2 1 4 3 2 1 clwvesOf 3 5 2 6 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 rwTImOmrwt 4 8 2 5 3 iawgEjcaWr .1 2 1 4 3 2 1 udwrwK wyid cSwTcseTIrwTObel 9 3 1 2 2

2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr .2 1 4 3 2 1 udwrwKwyid cSwmukcaed cSwrwTckoD 9 3 1 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 (iawa .rWa .cmea ,Er csckea) cnEkcs 9 3 1 2 2

2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmukcaed ctwd 9 3 1 2 3 9 3 1 2 2 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmukcaed Ol 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmuruk cTimcDea 9 3 1 1 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv utWlwsWvum iaWrutwfurutwd .6 wtwvun idcaefua ctWrwf cnidctwmudih

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ctwvWb C.P.C CODE (Wyifur)

1 6 4 2 2 1 2 urutwd urWk 2 1 urutwd Iref 6 5 1 1 1 2 1 urutwduDnwk cnehinehea 6 5 1 1 9

2 1 .1 iawgEjcaWr oyetIDwa 3 3 3 2 0

2 .2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr 1 clibunOf 8 4 1 1 0 2 1 clibunOf cliawbOm 8 4 1 2 0 2 1 (Efek rwbiaws) cTenrwTcnia 8 4 1 1 0

2 1 cSwmurukcTcsOP ITis 6 8 1 1 1

2 1 cSwmurukcTcsOP clwsurWp 6 8 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm

wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEret eguhwvud cswm 3 wyidevutEv cmIluAwt .7 wtwvun idcaefua ctWrwf cnidctwmudih udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ctwvWb C.P.C CODE (Wyifur)

2 1 IfcnwxuaiT /If clUkcs egcniduk clUkcs Ircp 9 2 1 1 0

2 1 (1-7) IfcnwxuaiT /If clUkcs egcniduk clUkcs Irwmiawrcp 9 2 1 9 0

2 1 (8 - 10)IfcnwxuaiT /If clUkcs egcniduk clUkcs IrwDcnwkes 9 2 2 1 0 iawgEjcaWr .1 2 1 (12 - 11) IfcnwxuaiT /If clUkcs egcniduk clUkcs IrwDcnwkes rwywh 9 2 2 2 0

2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr .2 1 (wdwf csOk egcTiawm ,rwTuaipcmok) If cnid cSwhOk egumwk irevurwnuh idwa Incnwf 9 2 3 1 0

2 1 If eguhOk wdwf cTekifcTes iaWa WmolcpiD 9 2 2 2 0

2 1 If cnWaurug 9 2 9 0 0 2 1 If eguhOk cnIrcmwt cnehinehea 9 2 9 0 0

2 1 cawtctof cTcsckeT 3 2 2 3 0 2 1 cawtctof Wyil 3 2 6 0 0

2 1 itekwt wdwf uruscnwf ,cnwlwg 3 8 9 1 1 2 1 ctofWhwruk /ctof Wscawjwluk 3 2 2 3 0 2 1 (WrukcnunEb cSwmuveyik) urutwk 4 2 9 1 3 2 1 rwpEp czElcg/ csWdurwkiDwm 3 2 1 3 7 2 1 iLuf cswret 3 5 4 2 0 2 1 iSof uruscnwfwluk 3 8 9 1 1 2 1 ukOC /cnoyerck 3 8 9 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

2 1 2 1

(A) wlcmuj eguhwm 3 ( A / 3 ) wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhcfws iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv cawtcawtcnwkIfWqws idwa urwviLuk ,IaWmuvulif ihUfinum .8 wtwvun idcaefua ctWrwf cnidctwmudih ctog unudOh itekwt C.P.C CODE

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid ubil cawfua

egenwg ctwvWb

l a

t b

(Wyifur) egWy

itekwtun

a i WarWsum

rUju a ut

it w unu il

i wg og idwh 4 4 7 3 3 1 2 1 3 cSww cai 2 1 cnOfOrckiawm

cSwaw

4 7 5 1 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 (OaiDIv ,OaiDOa) cpETcsuh Wruk cnunEb cSwmuruk cDOkir a w

cngia

8 8 0 4 e wd 3 5 2 1 3 2 1 cscmEg OaiDIv

iawgEjcaWr .1 iawgEjcaWr 3 8 5 6 0

4 2 1 3 2 1 unWmWs ELuk

2 .2 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr 1 4 3 2 1 ( cswg wdwf cswTckek) cswg 0 1 5 1 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 cSwmurukufWs OTof 8 3 8 2 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 csUn 3 2 3 0 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 (wdwf cscmiawT EDcnwm ,cserwdua) Wlcawjwm 3 2 4 0 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnugen OTof 8 3 8 1 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTekiT Wmwnis 9 6 1 5 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnuawneg cSwycauk cmclif 7 3 2 2 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 (cmwbclwa)IDIs wvwl /clOr wvwl 4 7 5 2 0 2 1 4 3 2 1 IDIs clwbwTiawr 4 7 5 1 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 (cnwlwb urwviLuk) cTekiT wncnwv cSwDnwd 9 6 6 2 0

2 1 4 3 2 1 csckiborea 9 7 2 3 0 2 1 4 3 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhcfws iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv cSwkwtcnunEb wlcaimwa .9

ctWrwf cnidctwmudih wtwvun idcaefua ctog unudOh itekwt

ua i

dwh C.P.C CODE awf

udwrwK wlcmuj wyid genwg ctwvWb lcai w eg

(Wyifur) awd tekwtunubl

itekwtunubil

u iaaw um

cSwaw

w a W rWs

i wgtog Wyi a u

cSw

7 1 0 9 2 ne c 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnuSokOb

9 7 2 2 0

2 1 4 3 2 i 1 cTcnwmcTIrcT clwxEf

cne

c gi

3 5 3 2 1 4 ma 2 2 1 1 3 inObiaws

arUj 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 UpcmEx

2 1 iawgEjcaWr .1 4 3 2 1 cnwxOl 3 5 3 2 3 .2 cnEjcaWr iawgurEb 2 1 4 3 2 1 cxov clwxEf 3 5 3 2 1

2 1 4 3 2 1 ckcsWm clwxEf /cmIrck clwxEf 3 5 3 2 3

2 1 4 3 2 1 cmIrck Wliawgulob 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 oyet Wliawgulob 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 oyet Wliawgiawg 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csEb WLugnuactwd 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csurub WLugnuactwd 3 8 9 9 3

2 1 4 3 2 1 cSuf ctwr /cSuf uduh 3 8 9 9 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnOlok /urwTWvWlOk 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cnOlOr 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Ercpcs IDob 3 8 9 9 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 cTcnes 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 Wnuf 3 8 9 9 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 csurub WLwa iawgulob 3 8 9 9 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 cDep IrwTines 3 2 1 9 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 wlit /urwzEr 4 2 9 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 cmOf gcnivEx 4 2 9 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 cvEx rwTcfWa 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 ckiTcscpil 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 csckeTuaik 3 5 3 2 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhufws iawgEreteguhwm wyidevutEv cawtctwmudiK iaWCcaekwt cnehinehea .10 ctWrwf cnidctwmudih wtwvun idcaefua

ctwvWb udwrwK wlcmuj wyid C.P.C CODE (Wyifur)

2 1 cSwmuruk rwauxcnia udnwLua Wvcaud cSwawlcaimwa 7 1 3 3 1 2 1 cSwmuruk rwauxcnia ctWrWmia cSwawlcaimwa 7 1 3 3 4 2 1 wrWsum Ed cSwaWhIm ELugcneg iawgEg 9 8 0 0 0

2 1 .1 iawgEjcaWr 2 1 iawgurEb cnEjcaWr .2 iawgurEb 2 1

2 1

2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

2 1

wlcmuj eguhwm wlcmuj egWhcfws wlcmuj iLum (uhwfcSwmurukcaea wlcmuj egWhcfws Whiruh) s (egWtcfwh Wgnih) cmOf Wruk cTOn udwrwK cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim urcai egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 6 cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm cmOf Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg

.evekemwkWnwm Ikwmuruk cnunEb iawgutog egutWmUluAwm egcaetWrwfikwv ‘ ‘ 03 cCWm .3 02 rwbcmeTcpes .1 :cswm (cSwvwa wmwn elWm)cSwriaWLotwa .1 .eveawgutog egcaekwt ubWsih wlcmuj InEverukumcaWA utWmUluAwmim ‘ ‘ cSwnwtcnwtWrukcnunEb cSwmugcnihctwkcawswm IaWSwmuLuairid 03 cnUj .4 02 rwbcmesiD .2 rwbcmwn udcawHwrws .2 rwbcmwn egWhIm .5 cnwn egunwt .3 cmOf wnwv cnumOf unuruf cSwaWhIm cnwn egWhIm .6 rwbcmwn urWmux egIsibEg .4 wtwvun idcaefua ctwmudiK/itekwt cSwmunEb csIfoa cSwmunEb csIfoa c twmudiK ctog unudOh unuvenwg uDnwgcnim urwvcnim ivudwrwK ?cnwt unubil Olik :ulWsim) wtwvun urwtcawv idcaefua cSwa wlcaimwa) udwdwA . unubil wtwvun egItekwt unuvenwg Is.IP.Is cKIrWt ctogunuverukulwdwb itea ,rwTIl cDcnErcb

W.2 W . iawgutog egWyidwh iaWCcaekwt wtwvun

i wa idwh .4 idwh e g . clIscfwt egutwmudiK y cDOk itekwt unubil urwvcnim WviawgurEb egILuf

E n ar (.eveSWhwj iawfcSok ugwa cTOnukeaWrwvcnim (.eveSWnwmihun iluk iawgumOfim :cTOn) u w

c aEjca (eveSWvcawruk n bc Ejc

nagu l g W

irWl Wyifur uDnwgcnim udwdwA

c ur cne

wlcmuj egWhufwB Iruk

c unubil w/wrsum wrUjua 3 u ubi i w to eg

2 1 4 3 2 1 gnw 1

2 1 4 3 2 ni1 r 1

Sa W

2 1 4 3 2 1

c wda a cSwalcam .2

2 1 4 3 2 1

negia c wf 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 C wlcmuj cmOf WsWluK cTcnwmcpoleviD clwnwxEn cDcnea gcninElcp cfoa IrcTcsinim urcais egcaeaIsibEg wtwvun egcaedurwfikwv EdOh cniaEvrwsim ejcaWrihevid ,elWm 7 cmOf cSwkwmunEb csevcaea cnehea wtwvun cSwkwmunEb InUnWq utWmUluAwm Evrws egutogiruh cnuruk udwrwK iaWa InwdcmWa egIsibEg

wlcmuj egudwrwK unuveruk iawgEret egcaehwm rwywlcpiTclwm C wlcmuj egudwrwK unuveruk iawgEret egWtcfwh wyidevutEv A wlcmujegInwdcmWa rwbcmwn egWhIm (5) =(3)x(4) (4) (3) (2) (1) 04.29

04.29

04.29 04.29

04.29

Income (X) Total A * 12 Total 5 InwdcmWa Total A Total 5 * 12

Total R * 12 ( R Wv iawgumOf egIsibEg Iaim :cTOn ) udwrwKegIluk

Expenditure (Y) Total D ( D Wv iawgumOf egIsibEg Iaim :cTOn ) wlcmuj egudwrwK egulwdum wncnuhimed cSwhwvudwnig

Total T ( T Wv iawgumOf egIsibEg Iaim :cTOn ) wlcmuj egudwrwK egukwturutwd WrukcSwrEb cniaejcaWr Difference (X) -- (Y) = utWfwt

?OtEdcaebUf cawtudwrwK egIsibEg cnInwdcmWa Ebil cSwCcawm egcaehwm cSwncnuhImegIsibEgim iawgcaetogumcaWA .1 Edebuncaeluf csevukwhwvud .4 EdcaebUf ukwrwhwfudwm .3 EdcaebUf cSwrwhwfwnig .2 (Inumin) EdcaebUf csevudwbwa .1

?Otctenihik Inwdwh urwhwf Wvurutia udwrwK .2 (cnugen itekwt cnukwtwrWhif cSwtogWkcawdWsiawf cnuhwf) Inwgwn cSwnEdcnEl .5 (Wlun unOl Wgwn cnutwa cnuhIm egIsibEg) cnegiawgwn caenOl .3 cnegcSokWkcawr irWl .1 (ErukcnWywb) cnehinehea .6 Ihea Ebil cnutwa egcniheTcawr iaWncnuhIm egWmitctWg Enemihun iawgIsibEg .4 cnegiawkcaivWdum .2

SURVEY BUDGET

Staff invloved in the data collection of Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2002/03

1 Aishath Shahuda 2 Ahmed Nihad 3 Mariyam Niyaf 4 Ashiyath Shazna 5 Mariyam Saba 6 Jeehan Hassan Didi 7 Fathimath Nihan 8 Maharath Ahmed 9 Hana Mansoor 10 Musthaq Saeed 11 Aishath Laila 12 Hidhaya Moosa 13 Loona Abdul Hakeem 14 Hudha Haleem 15 Fathimath Riyaza 16 Fathimath Shazna 17 Mohamed Firshan 18 Faheema Abdulla 19 Yasir Waseem 20 Mohamed Jawad 21 Aishath Aniya 22 Aishath Suxy 23 Fathimath Hashiya 24 Nasir Ahmed 25 Hassan Hameed 26 Ziyad Hussain 27 Azmeela Hassan 28 Mariyam Shadheena 29 Mariyam Mirfath 30 Saajidha Ahmed 31 Fathimath Shifaza 32 Aminath Shirmeen 33 Ibrahim Sobah 34 Ihushan Shodhiq 35 Imad Mohamed 36 Nahuza Abdul Sattar 37 Mohamed Ivan Latheef

124 HIES Survey Budget First Round (September 2002) Air Sea Food GRAND No. No. of transport Transport Land transport Accommodation allowance Allowance Incidental TOTAL Island person days (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) Hdh. Kulhudhuffushi 3 11 1768 1200 1760 8250 990 660 500 Sh. Goidhu 2 11 -- 3300 660 440 500 Lh. Naifaru 2 11 --26500 3300 660 440 500 N. Maalhendhu 2 11 -- 3300 660 440 500 Adh. Omadhoo 2 11 -- 3300 660 440 500 AA. Bodufulhadhoo 3 11 --24000 4950 990 660 500 Dh. Bandidhoo 2 11 -- 3300 660 440 500 Th. Omadhoo 2 11 1768 3000 - 3300 660 440 500 GA. Gemanafushi 2 11 2568 3000 - 3300 660 440 500 S. Feydhoo 2 12 3268 - 3000 6000 720 480 500 Total 9372 57700 4760 42300 7320 4880 5000 131332

Second Round (December 2002) Air Sea Food GRAND No. No. of transport Transport Land transport Accommodation allowance Allowance Incidental TOTAL Island person days (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) Hdh. Kulhudhuffushi 2 11 1768 1100 5500 660 440 500 4000 Ha. Ihavandhoo 2 11 1768 - 5500 660 440 500 B. Eydhafushi 2 11 5500 660 440 500 18000 B. Kendhoo 2 11 -- 3300 660 440 500 Adh. Mahibadhoo 2 11 3300 660 440 500 Adh. Fenfushi 2 11 24000 - 3300 660 440 500 M. Muli 2 11 - 3300 660 440 500 L. Isdhoo 2 11 1768 1200 - 5500 660 440 500 Ga. Viligilli 2 11 2568 - 5500 660 440 500 16400 Gdh. Fiyori 2 11 2568 - 5500 660 440 500 TOTAL 10440 63600 1100 46200 6600 4400 5000 137340

125 Third Round (March 2003) Air Sea Land Food GRAND No. No. of transport Transport transport Accommodation allowance Allowance Incidental TOTAL Island person days (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) Ha. Baarah 2 12 1768 2000 - 6000 720 480 500 Hdh. Hanimaadhu 2 12 1768 - 1000 6000 720 480 500 R. Kadholhudhu 2 12 -- 3600 720 480 500 R. Iguraidhu 2 12 -- 3600 720 480 500 20000 K. Huraa 2 12 -- 3600 720 480 500 K. Gaafaru 2 12 -- 3600 720 480 500 Th. Veymandhoo 2 12 1768 - 6000 720 480 500 3000 Th. Guraidhoo 2 12 1768 - 6000 720 480 500 S. Hithadhoo 2 12 3268 - 2000 6000 1200 480 500 S. Meedhoo 2 12 3268 1000 1100 6000 1200 480 500 Total 13608 26000 4100 50400 8160 4800 5000 112068

Fourth Round (June 2003) Air Sea Land Food GRAND No. No. of transport Transport transport Accommodation allowance Allowance Incidental TOTAL Island person days (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) (Rufiyaa) Ha. Dhidhoo 2 12 1,800 - 6,000 720 480 500 1,768 Ha. Kelaa 2 12 1,800 - 6,000 720 480 500 R. Hulhuduffaaru 2 12 - - 3,600 720 480 500 18,000 Lh. Kurendhoo 2 12 - - 3,600 720 480 500 Adh.Ukulhas 2 12 - - 3,600 720 480 500 18,000 Adh. Maamigili 2 12 - - 3,600 720 480 500 M. Maduvvari 2 12 - - 3,600 720 480 500 4,000 L. Gamu 2 12 2652 2,500 4,800 720 480 500 S. Hithadhoo 2 12 1,000 6,000 1,200 480 500 3,300 S. Hulhudhoo 2 12 3268 1,000 6,000 1,200 480 500 Total 7,688 46,900 4,500 46,800 8,160 4,800 5,000 123,848

Total for All 4 rounds 41,108 194,200 14,460 185,700 30,240 18,880 20,000 504,588

For printing the HIES questionnaires for 3 rounds. 45000 Rf For 173 weighing machine (5Kg) 25950 Rf

GRAND TOTAL (Rufiyaa) 575,538

* Note: Accommodation for Haa Alif , Haa Dhaal, Thaa, Gaaf Alif, Gaaf Dhaal and Seenu per person 250/- Accommodation for other Island per person 150/- Food allowance for Seenu atoll is 50/- per person Food allowance for other Island 30/- per person 126

INDEX

STATISTICAL ANNEX

Most of the tables are produced in sets, which contain similar information, but for different geographical areas. The codes given in front of each of the groupings are also given as the second part of the table numbers: A. Total Maldives B1 Male', the capital B2 Atolls, total C1 Atolls – Northern Region C2 Atolls – Central Northern Region C3 Atolls – Central Region C4 Atolls – Central Southern Region C5 Atolls – Southern Region

The small letters (a to d) following the table numbers indicate the concept used for the income concept used, whereby: a. Expenditures/income groups classified using incomes/expenditures including rent paid and imputed b. Expenditures/income groups classified using incomes/expenditures excluding rent (imputed) c. Expenditures/income quintiles classified using incomes/expenditures including rent paid and imputed d. Expenditures/income quintiles classified using incomes/expenditures excluding rent (imputed)

* The tables given for the same items in different tables may differ due to rounding.

127 Statistical Tables Table of contents Table Description Income Concept Page 01.a Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (including rent) 1 01.b Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (excluding rent) 3 02.a Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (including rent) 5 02.b Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (excluding rent) 7 03.a Number of households by size and per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 9 03.b Number of households by size and per capita expenditure groups (excluding rent) 11 04.a Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (including rent) 13 04.b Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (excluding rent) 15 05.a Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (groups including rent) 17 05.b Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (groups excluding rent) 20 06.a Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (groups including rent) 23 06.b Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (groups excluding rent) 26 07.a Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure (including rent) 29 groups 07.b Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure (excluding rent) 32 groups 08.a Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income (including rent) 35 groups 08.b Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income (excluding rent) 38 groups 09.a Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 41 09.b Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (excluding rent) 46 10.a Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and (including rent) 51 above 10.b Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and (excluding rent) 54 above 11.a Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure (including rent) 57 groups 11.b Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure (excluding rent) 59 groups 12.c Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 61 12.d Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (excluding rent) 63 13.c Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (including rent) 65 13.d Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (excluding imputed rent) 67 14.a Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 69 14.b Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (excluding rent) 72 15 Average monthly expenditure on (imputed) rent by tenure type 75 16 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 76 17 Number of employed Maldivian persons by occupation group and sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls 84 18 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity and sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls 85 19 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation group 86 and sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls 20 Average Income earned per employed Maldivian by Industry, Occupation and 91 sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls 21.a Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita income groups (including rent) 93 21.b Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita expenditure (including rent) 95 groups 22 Percentage of households indebted by per capita income groups 97 23 Ownership of durable household goods by type of good and purpose of use 103 24 Person employed by sex and industry for household income groups 106 25 Person employed by sex and occupation for household income groups 108 26 Household overseas travel by purpose and source of financing 111 27 Household construction by type 114 28 Perception of household status within the community, by income group 117 29 Perception of change in household incomes, by income group 118 30 Perception of change in household incomes, by perception of household status in the community 119 31 1. Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP 120 31 2. Percentage distribution of Total Household Expenditure on goods and 133 services, by CPC and COICOP and Region 31 3. Percentage distribution of Total Household Expenditure on goods and 146 services, by CPC and COICOP and Overall 32 1. Total Cash Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and 159 COICOP (for CPI weights) 32 3. Percentage distribution of Cash Household Expenditure on goods and 172 services, by CPC and COICOP and Overall Table 01a.A Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (including rent) Per capita 0. Republic Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 42 1.0 0.0 138 3.3 0.0 189 4.5 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 2,213 6.3 0.8 15,568 7.0 0.1 17,366 7.8 0.1 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,050 7,831 7.5 2.8 119,788 58.8 0.7 96,593 22.3 0.7 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,498 22,583 9.0 8.0 637,998 63.6 3.8 382,469 35.5 3.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,259 32,915 7.7 11.6 999,908 68.0 5.9 730,081 45.2 5.7 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,424 33,256 7.5 11.8 1,077,209 106.6 6.4 897,101 54.0 7.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9,174 63,505 6.9 22.5 2,325,961 81.6 13.8 2,176,976 68.6 16.9 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5,765 39,196 6.8 13.9 2,098,740 106.6 12.5 1,712,401 87.7 13.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,814 22,640 5.9 8.0 1,541,844 143.9 9.2 1,226,735 108.8 9.5 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,580 16,753 6.5 5.9 1,130,420 133.2 6.7 1,076,971 128.5 8.4 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,726 8,457 4.9 3.0 673,931 158.3 4.0 623,843 147.9 4.8 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,825 16,704 5.9 5.9 3,649,249 607.6 21.7 1,452,820 173.2 11.3 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,065 9,250 4.5 3.3 1,177,693 229.7 7.0 1,032,889 221.2 8.0 14More than Rf 4,200 1,953 7,463 3.8 2.6 1,369,677 269.7 8.1 1,468,938 377.0 11.4

Total all groups 42,526 282,808 6.7 100.0 16,818,123 59.5 100.0 12,895,373 45.6 100.0

Table 01a.B1 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (including rent) Per capita 1. Male' Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17 83 4.9 0.1 3,642 43.8 0.1 828 10.0 0.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 34 348 10.3 0.5 12,314 35.4 0.2 6,465 18.6 0.1 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 288 2,908 10.1 3.8 111,699 38.4 1.7 67,044 23.1 1.2 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 143 1,762 12.3 2.3 135,038 76.6 2.0 47,676 27.1 0.8 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,019 10,990 10.8 14.5 518,862 47.2 7.7 377,028 34.3 6.7 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,526 12,599 8.3 16.6 663,860 52.7 9.9 558,413 44.3 9.9 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,012 8,196 8.1 10.8 704,104 85.9 10.5 452,284 55.2 8.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,035 9,205 8.9 12.1 692,746 75.3 10.3 595,123 64.6 10.6 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 607 3,598 5.9 4.7 271,802 75.5 4.1 270,592 75.2 4.8 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,758 11,951 6.8 15.7 1,264,505 105.8 18.8 1,045,579 87.5 18.6 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,499 7,433 5.0 9.8 1,006,406 135.4 15.0 835,017 112.3 14.9 14More than Rf 4,200 1,646 6,885 4.2 9.1 1,324,972 192.5 19.7 1,365,578 198.3 24.3

Total all groups 10,583 75,957 7.2 26.9 6,709,949 88.3 100.0 5,621,626 74.0 100.0

Page 1 Table 01a.B2 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (including rent) Per capita 2. Atolls Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 42 1.0 0.1 138 3.3 0.0 189 4.5 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 2,213 6.3 2.9 15,568 7.0 0.2 17,366 7.8 0.3 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,033 7,747 7.5 10.2 116,146 15.0 1.7 95,765 12.4 1.7 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,464 22,236 9.0 29.3 625,684 28.1 9.3 376,004 16.9 6.7 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,970 30,007 7.6 39.5 888,209 29.6 13.2 663,037 22.1 11.8 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,281 31,494 7.4 41.5 942,171 29.9 14.0 849,425 27.0 15.1 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8,155 52,515 6.4 69.1 1,807,099 34.4 26.9 1,799,948 34.3 32.0 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,239 26,598 6.3 35.0 1,434,880 53.9 21.4 1,153,988 43.4 20.5 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,802 14,444 5.2 19.0 837,740 58.0 12.5 774,452 53.6 13.8 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,546 7,547 4.9 9.9 437,674 58.0 6.5 481,848 63.8 8.6 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,119 4,859 4.3 6.4 402,129 82.8 6.0 353,251 72.7 6.3 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,067 4,753 4.5 6.3 2,384,743 501.8 35.5 407,242 85.7 7.2 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 566 1,817 3.2 2.4 171,287 94.3 2.6 197,872 108.9 3.5 14More than Rf 4,200 307 578 1.9 0.8 44,705 77.3 0.7 103,360 178.7 1.8

Total all groups 31,942 206,851 6.5 73.1 10,108,174 48.9 100.0 7,273,747 35.2 100.0

Page 2 Table 01b.A Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (excluding rent) Per capita 0. Republic Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 851 3.4 0.3 7,409 8.7 0.1 3,652 4.3 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,108 13,585 6.4 4.8 160,743 33.2 1.2 103,075 16.5 1.1 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,584 39,637 7.1 14.0 878,942 66.3 6.3 509,251 26.4 5.5 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,709 32,324 6.9 11.4 763,214 68.2 5.5 558,470 35.8 6.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 6,043 44,633 7.4 15.8 1,371,289 70.5 9.9 980,061 44.1 10.5 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 5,574 39,876 7.2 14.1 1,374,242 84.5 9.9 1,065,877 53.7 11.4 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,573 44,684 6.8 15.8 2,232,037 106.6 16.1 1,541,749 68.7 16.5 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,206 21,910 6.8 7.7 1,103,998 104.8 8.0 961,736 87.8 10.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,482 15,234 6.1 5.4 921,616 120.4 6.6 812,826 106.7 8.7 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,992 11,569 5.8 4.1 978,769 167.6 7.1 735,205 127.1 7.9 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,409 6,854 4.9 2.4 2,677,839 820.5 19.3 508,647 148.5 5.5 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,095 5,135 4.7 1.8 402,069 152.4 2.9 458,960 178.8 4.9 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 789 2,889 3.7 1.0 334,828 222.0 2.4 320,069 213.6 3.4 14More than Rf 4,200 709 3,627 5.1 1.3 661,941 255.7 4.8 763,098 402.8 8.2

Total all groups 42,526 282,808 6.7 100.0 13,868,937 49.0 100.0 9,322,677 33.0 100.0

Table 01b.B1 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (excluding rent) Per capita 1. Male' Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 98 929 9.5 1.2 20,540 22.1 0.4 8,411 9.1 0.2 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 219 2,124 9.7 2.8 96,484 45.4 1.8 28,978 13.6 0.8 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 552 4,647 8.4 6.1 226,843 48.8 4.1 87,082 18.7 2.3 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 822 8,261 10.0 10.9 351,064 42.5 6.4 182,875 22.1 4.8 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,220 10,386 8.5 13.7 608,058 58.5 11.1 281,550 27.1 7.4 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,803 13,737 7.6 18.1 852,757 62.1 15.5 465,231 33.9 12.2 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,262 8,982 7.1 11.8 571,286 63.6 10.4 393,232 43.8 10.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,112 8,209 7.4 10.8 526,803 64.2 9.6 438,333 53.4 11.5 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 951 6,238 6.6 8.2 587,384 94.2 10.7 397,533 63.7 10.5 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 702 3,661 5.2 4.8 456,731 124.7 8.3 270,555 73.9 7.1 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 571 2,974 5.2 3.9 266,184 89.5 4.8 265,152 89.1 7.0 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 663 2,488 3.8 3.3 293,124 117.8 5.3 279,531 112.3 7.4 14More than Rf 4,200 607 3,319 5.5 4.4 642,864 193.7 11.7 704,449 212.3 18.5

Total all groups 10,583 75,957 7.2 26.9 5,500,121 72.4 100.0 3,802,913 50.1 100.0

Page 3 Table 01b.B2 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Expenditure Groups (excluding rent) Per capita 2. Atolls Expenditure Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 851 3.4 0.4 7,409 8.7 0.1 3,652 4.3 0.1 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,010 12,656 6.3 6.1 140,203 11.1 2.5 94,665 7.5 1.7 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,365 37,514 7.0 18.1 782,458 20.9 14.2 480,273 12.8 8.7 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,157 27,677 6.7 13.4 536,371 19.4 9.8 471,388 17.0 8.5 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 5,221 36,371 7.0 17.6 1,020,226 28.1 18.5 797,186 21.9 14.4 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,354 29,490 6.8 14.3 766,184 26.0 13.9 784,327 26.6 14.2 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,770 30,947 6.5 15.0 1,379,281 44.6 25.1 1,076,518 34.8 19.5 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,944 12,928 6.6 6.3 532,712 41.2 9.7 568,503 44.0 10.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,370 7,025 5.1 3.4 394,813 56.2 7.2 374,493 53.3 6.8 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,041 5,331 5.1 2.6 391,386 73.4 7.1 337,672 63.3 6.1 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 706 3,193 4.5 1.5 2,221,107 695.7 40.4 238,092 74.6 4.3 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 524 2,161 4.1 1.0 135,885 62.9 2.5 193,808 89.7 3.5 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 127 400 3.2 0.2 41,705 104.2 0.8 40,538 101.2 0.7 14More than Rf 4,200 102 308 3.0 0.1 19,076 62.0 0.3 58,649 190.6 1.1

Total all groups 31,942 206,851 6.5 73.1 8,368,816 40.5 100.0 5,519,764 26.7 100.0

Page 4 Table 02a.A Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (including imputed rent) Per capita 0. Republic Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 497 3,207 6.5 1.1 5,702 3.5 0.0 103,415 65.5 0.8 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,298 9,327 7.2 3.3 69,650 12.6 0.4 182,003 49.9 1.4 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,354 18,354 7.8 6.5 231,224 24.7 1.4 417,073 75.0 3.2 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,361 24,898 7.4 8.8 427,884 35.2 2.5 665,053 67.3 5.2 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,310 31,781 7.4 11.2 703,812 44.4 4.2 877,479 70.1 6.8 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,199 27,457 6.5 9.7 746,220 55.8 4.4 970,286 67.1 7.5 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,678 39,255 6.9 13.9 1,353,334 69.1 8.0 1,478,956 77.7 11.5 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,846 30,127 6.2 10.7 1,328,018 89.2 7.9 1,279,403 91.1 9.9 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4,018 28,643 7.1 10.1 1,539,496 107.8 9.2 1,487,881 106.9 11.5 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,424 16,357 6.7 5.8 1,058,594 129.3 6.3 846,700 104.0 6.6 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,278 8,464 6.6 3.0 616,718 144.8 3.7 584,639 119.5 4.5 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,468 15,596 6.3 5.5 1,371,950 176.0 8.2 1,036,905 131.4 8.0 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,193 11,820 5.4 4.2 1,343,132 227.1 8.0 1,102,274 169.3 8.5 14More than Rf 4,200 3,601 17,522 4.9 6.2 6,022,390 820.1 35.8 1,863,305 188.0 14.4

Total all groups 42,526 282,808 6.7 100.0 16,818,123 59.5 100.0 12,895,373 45.6 100.0

Table 02a.B1 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (including imputed rent) Per capita 1. Male' Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 214 1,565 7.3 2.1 509 0.3 0.0 84,343 53.9 1.5 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 61 489 8.0 0.6 2,439 5.0 0.0 15,152 31.0 0.3 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 145 881 6.1 1.2 10,632 12.1 0.2 47,410 53.8 0.8 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 143 1,081 7.6 1.4 19,555 18.1 0.3 44,557 41.2 0.8 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 62 596 9.6 0.8 13,286 22.3 0.2 25,496 42.8 0.5 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 217 2,115 9.7 2.8 60,828 28.8 0.9 66,463 31.4 1.2 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 876 8,427 9.6 11.1 292,315 34.7 4.4 344,832 40.9 6.1 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 991 6,882 6.9 9.1 313,607 45.6 4.7 352,781 51.3 6.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,149 10,363 9.0 13.6 564,567 54.5 8.4 609,849 58.9 10.8 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 949 7,861 8.3 10.3 499,574 63.6 7.4 460,961 58.6 8.2 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 902 7,301 8.1 9.6 533,326 73.0 7.9 530,078 72.6 9.4 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,297 8,365 6.4 11.0 732,756 87.6 10.9 638,330 76.3 11.4 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,318 8,047 6.1 10.6 915,376 113.7 13.6 872,709 108.4 15.5 14More than Rf 4,200 2,259 11,983 5.3 15.8 2,751,179 229.6 41.0 1,528,663 127.6 27.2

Total all groups 10,583 75,957 7.2 26.9 6,709,949 88.3 100.0 5,621,626 74.0 100.0

Page 5 Table 02a.B2 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (including imputed rent) Per capita 2. Atolls Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 283 1,642 5.8 2.2 5,193 3.2 0.1 19,072 11.6 0.3 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,237 8,838 7.1 11.6 67,210 7.6 1.0 166,850 18.9 3.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,209 17,473 7.9 23.0 220,592 12.6 3.3 369,663 21.2 6.6 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,218 23,817 7.4 31.4 408,329 17.1 6.1 620,496 26.1 11.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,248 31,185 7.3 41.1 690,525 22.1 10.3 851,983 27.3 15.2 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,982 25,342 6.4 33.4 685,391 27.0 10.2 903,824 35.7 16.1 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,802 30,828 6.4 40.6 1,061,019 34.4 15.8 1,134,124 36.8 20.2 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,855 23,245 6.0 30.6 1,014,411 43.6 15.1 926,622 39.9 16.5 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,869 18,280 6.4 24.1 974,929 53.3 14.5 878,032 48.0 15.6 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,475 8,496 5.8 11.2 559,020 65.8 8.3 385,739 45.4 6.9 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 377 1,162 3.1 1.5 83,392 71.8 1.2 54,561 46.9 1.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,170 7,231 6.2 9.5 639,194 88.4 9.5 398,575 55.1 7.1 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 875 3,772 4.3 5.0 427,756 113.4 6.4 229,564 60.9 4.1 14More than Rf 4,200 1,342 5,540 4.1 7.3 3,271,211 590.5 48.8 334,642 60.4 6.0

Total all groups 31,942 206,851 6.5 73.1 10,108,174 48.9 100.0 7,273,747 35.2 100.0

Page 6 Table 02b.A Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (excluding imputed rent) Per capita 0. Republic Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 3,005 17,672 5.9 6.2 43,974 3.9 0.3 330,917 52.7 3.5 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3,866 25,781 6.7 9.1 191,947 13.2 1.4 456,983 60.9 4.9 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,345 34,829 6.5 12.3 432,759 24.7 3.1 769,265 57.4 8.3 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,667 32,321 6.9 11.4 564,917 35.1 4.1 746,058 56.6 8.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,499 23,399 6.7 8.3 518,994 45.1 3.7 644,377 65.6 6.9 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,870 18,651 6.5 6.6 509,552 54.9 3.7 532,736 59.9 5.7 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,379 40,731 7.6 14.4 1,407,362 69.1 10.1 1,288,276 63.4 13.8 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,857 19,855 6.9 7.0 870,279 87.7 6.3 771,102 80.1 8.3 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,744 19,847 7.2 7.0 1,072,292 108.0 7.7 778,309 78.6 8.3 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,321 9,514 7.2 3.4 602,281 126.0 4.3 421,597 82.8 4.5 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,213 6,278 5.2 2.2 466,358 148.6 3.4 341,732 105.0 3.7 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,579 11,723 7.4 4.1 1,016,995 173.6 7.3 529,810 90.8 5.7 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,491 9,500 6.4 3.4 1,072,346 226.9 7.7 765,571 145.2 8.2 14More than Rf 4,200 2,690 12,705 4.7 4.5 5,098,881 915.2 36.8 945,943 136.7 10.1

Total all groups 42,526 282,808 6.7 100.0 13,868,937 49.0 100.0 9,322,677 33.0 100.0

Table 02b.B1 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (excluding imputed rent) Per capita 1. Male' Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 290 2,172 7.5 2.9 2,567 1.2 0.0 79,298 36.5 2.1 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 111 872 7.8 1.1 4,920 5.6 0.1 38,433 44.1 1.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 389 2,390 6.1 3.1 29,243 12.2 0.5 87,018 36.4 2.3 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 400 3,046 7.6 4.0 53,724 17.6 1.0 105,784 34.7 2.8 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 181 1,347 7.4 1.8 30,927 23.0 0.6 52,150 38.7 1.4 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 594 4,547 7.7 6.0 125,723 27.7 2.3 148,510 32.7 3.9 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,684 14,644 8.7 19.3 505,878 34.5 9.2 469,501 32.1 12.3 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 849 6,158 7.3 8.1 270,131 43.9 4.9 266,736 43.3 7.0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,228 10,374 8.4 13.7 564,936 54.5 10.3 391,404 37.7 10.3 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 865 6,451 7.5 8.5 412,120 63.9 7.5 319,848 49.6 8.4 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 757 3,863 5.1 5.1 286,970 74.3 5.2 235,398 60.9 6.2 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 807 5,371 6.7 7.1 469,586 87.4 8.5 258,604 48.1 6.8 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 845 6,665 7.9 8.8 746,744 112.0 13.6 616,073 92.4 16.2 14More than Rf 4,200 1,584 8,057 5.1 10.6 1,996,652 247.8 36.3 734,156 91.1 19.3

Total all groups 10,583 75,957 7.2 26.9 5,500,121 72.4 100.0 3,802,913 50.1 100.0

Page 7 Table 02b.B2 Number of persons and households by Monthly Per Capita Income Groups (excluding imputed rent) Per capita 2. Atolls Income Number of Number of Average Population Total Average Income Total Average Expenditure Group Households PersonsHh size Shares (%) Income Income Shares (%) Expenditure Expenditure Shares (%) 1 Less than Rf. 150 2,714 15,500 5.7 7.5 41,406 2.7 0.8 251,620 16.2 6.6 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3,755 24,909 6.6 12.0 187,027 7.5 3.4 418,550 16.8 7.6 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,956 32,439 6.5 15.7 403,516 12.4 7.3 682,247 21.0 12.4 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,267 29,275 6.9 14.2 511,193 17.5 9.3 640,274 21.9 11.6 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,318 22,052 6.6 10.7 488,066 22.1 8.9 592,227 26.9 10.7 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,276 14,105 6.2 6.8 383,829 27.2 7.0 384,226 27.2 7.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 3,695 26,087 7.1 12.6 901,485 34.6 16.4 818,776 31.4 14.8 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,009 13,697 6.8 6.6 600,148 43.8 10.9 504,366 36.8 9.1 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,516 9,474 6.2 4.6 507,356 53.6 9.2 386,905 40.8 7.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 456 3,063 6.7 1.5 190,161 62.1 3.5 101,749 33.2 1.8 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 456 2,415 5.3 1.2 179,388 74.3 3.3 106,334 44.0 1.9 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 772 6,352 8.2 3.1 547,410 86.2 10.0 271,206 42.7 4.9 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 646 2,835 4.4 1.4 325,601 114.9 5.9 149,498 52.7 2.7 14More than Rf 4,200 1,106 4,648 4.2 2.2 3,102,229 667.4 56.4 211,787 45.6 3.8

Total all groups 31,942 206,851 6.5 73.1 8,368,816 40.5 100.0 5,519,764 26.7 100.0

Page 8 Table 03a.A Number of households by size and per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 0. Republic Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 0.142 0420000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 0.8 2,136 77 0 0 191 0 848 820 353 0 0 0 0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,050 2.5 7,789 42 0 0 242 707 413 2,069 2,370 0 1,524 505 0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,498 5.9 22,119 464 103 0 438 428 1,308 1,754 4,940 2,589 3,406 3,537 4,080 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,259 10.0 32,320 595 79 899 1,563 2,088 3,453 4,553 4,625 4,596 2,695 3,251 5,115 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,424 10.4 32,920 336 79 796 1,761 3,540 4,067 6,062 1,180 727 5,664 5,866 3,515 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9,174 21.6 62,486 1,019 403 2,249 5,857 3,774 7,894 9,551 8,771 7,316 8,646 966 8,079 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5,765 13.6 38,235 961 701 1,729 3,779 4,797 2,300 5,279 239 2,987 8,099 4,334 4,953 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,814 9.0 22,292 347 751 1,716 2,254 3,139 2,954 1,860 1,135 1,746 3,222 2,368 1,493 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,580 6.1 16,108 645 705 352 710 1,775 3,042 1,329 1,208 348 4,716 768 1,799 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,726 4.1 8,192 265 384 1,089 921 1,073 1,686 459 2,072 0 772 0 0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,825 6.6 15,859 845 761 494 1,625 2,659 1,252 2,584 1,203 1,642 2,546 1,140 798 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,065 4.9 8,574 676 941 196 2,583 2,060 1,019 667 397 946 442 0 0 14More than Rf 4,200 1,953 4.6 6,980 483 1,056 1,147 1,589 1,319 574 0 323 0 0 651 804 Total all groups 42,526 100.0 276,054 6,754 6,002 10,668 23,514 27,360 30,811 36,986 28,815 22,897 41,731 23,386 30,637

Table 03a.B1 Number of households by size and per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 1. Male' Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0.0 0 000000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0 0.0 0 000000000000 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17 0.2 83 0 83 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 34 0.3 306 42 113 235 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 288 2.7 2,774 134 194 507 551 1,656 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 143 1.4 1,640 122 104 436 1,222 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,019 9.6 10,774 216 182 778 411 1,737 2,625 607 4,651 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,526 14.4 12,166 433 540 587 797 255 1,747 747 4,339 2,053 1,535 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,012 9.6 7,849 347 256 489 659 255 741 890 389 2,023 1,541 952 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,035 9.8 8,666 539 116 151 389 1,143 588 1,208 3,043 768 1,799 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 607 5.7 3,406 192 125 660 254 819 179 1,194 367 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,758 16.6 11,107 845 373 944 1,736 1,252 1,528 1,203 1,228 2,546 1,140 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,499 14.2 6,900 534 339 2,583 1,040 1,019 667 397 946 442 14More than Rf 4,200 1,646 15.6 6,402 483 678 1,147 1,389 1,319 574 323 651 804 Total all groups 10,583 100.0 72,072 3,885 1,017 2,751 6,984 6,382 6,601 6,297 6,951 3,973 15,621 6,760 12,619

Page 9 Table 03a.B2 Number of households by size and per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 2. Atolls Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 0.4 42 0 42 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 3.3 2,136 77 191 848 820 353 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,033 9.8 7,706 42 242 624 413 2,069 2,370 1,524 505 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,464 23.3 21,814 422 103 438 428 1,308 1,754 4,940 2,476 3,171 3,537 4,080 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,970 37.5 29,547 461 79 705 1,563 2,088 2,946 4,553 4,625 4,045 2,695 3,251 3,460 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,281 40.4 31,280 214 79 796 1,761 3,436 4,067 5,626 1,180 727 5,664 5,866 2,293 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8,155 77.0 51,712 803 403 2,249 5,675 3,774 7,116 9,140 7,034 7,316 6,021 359 3,428 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,239 40.1 26,069 528 701 1,189 3,192 4,001 2,045 3,532 239 2,240 3,759 2,281 3,418 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,802 26.5 14,444 0 751 1,460 1,765 2,481 2,699 1,119 245 1,357 1,199 827 541 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,546 14.6 7,442 106 705 236 559 1,385 1,899 741 348 1,673 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,119 10.6 4,786 73 384 965 261 819 868 279 878 405 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,067 10.1 4,753 0 761 121 681 923 1,055 414 798 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 566 5.3 1,675 142 602 196 1,019 14More than Rf 4,200 307 2.9 578 0 378 200 Total all groups 31,942 301.8 203,982 2,869 4,985 7,917 16,530 20,978 24,210 30,689 21,864 18,924 26,111 16,626 18,018

Page 10 Table 03b.A Number of households by size and per capita income groups (excluding imputed rent) 0. Republic Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 0.6 809 42 215 0 0 0 0 283 353 0 0 0 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,108 5.0 13,507 77 96 860 920 946 1,842 1,950 3,452 1,317 1,654 0 548 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,584 13.1 39,233 405 755 1,031 2,613 2,671 3,436 4,705 6,535 3,476 5,347 4,596 4,472 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,709 11.1 31,482 842 304 422 3,790 3,049 4,656 5,097 2,325 2,532 3,179 2,697 4,274 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 6,043 14.2 43,894 739 491 1,326 3,642 2,358 4,384 7,683 2,170 3,372 5,867 7,127 6,211 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 5,574 13.1 39,266 611 427 1,084 1,883 3,528 3,270 6,402 6,022 4,936 8,110 825 3,390 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,573 15.5 43,253 1,430 692 2,363 3,702 4,274 4,811 4,411 3,306 2,423 8,167 4,284 6,251 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,206 7.5 21,202 708 476 595 2,069 2,683 2,406 2,184 609 1,905 3,973 2,067 2,944 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,482 5.8 14,777 457 326 860 1,232 2,213 2,534 1,328 1,607 401 3,790 0 944 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,992 4.7 11,103 466 584 314 602 1,916 2,175 875 1,587 1,175 1,202 1,140 0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,409 3.3 6,592 262 370 570 1,585 1,174 254 1,368 133 959 442 0 0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,095 2.6 4,902 233 500 196 612 1,163 765 700 0 401 0 0 798 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 789 1.9 2,847 42 306 860 487 560 278 0 397 0 0 0 0 14More than Rf 4,200 709 1.7 3,186 441 462 187 378 822 0 0 323 0 0 651 804 Total all groups 42,526 100.0 276,054 6,754 6,002 10,668 23,514 27,360 30,811 36,986 28,815 22,897 41,731 23,386 30,637

Table 03b.B1 Number of households by size and per capita income groups (excluding imputed rent) 1. Male' Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0.0 0 000000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 98 0.9 929 0 381 548 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 219 2.1 1,948 176 153 182 83 363 235 1,108 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 552 5.2 4,424 224 287 389 255 582 135 113 912 1,976 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 822 7.8 7,987 274 194 244 317 202 361 711 188 2,147 1,261 2,637 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,220 11.5 10,191 195 122 134 342 1,068 101 1,216 397 752 2,635 825 2,795 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,803 17.0 12,962 776 884 1,039 2,118 1,155 2,178 384 3,864 2,115 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,262 11.9 8,320 662 57 595 1,190 438 500 789 364 2,473 768 1,808 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,112 10.5 7,858 351 80 116 971 562 440 587 1,607 401 2,502 944 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 951 9.0 5,845 393 145 203 901 1,307 596 708 827 412 1,140 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 702 6.6 3,400 262 224 1,303 448 254 313 133 544 442 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 571 5.4 2,884 91 47 612 450 765 700 401 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 663 6.3 2,446 42 212 860 487 254 278 397 14More than Rf 4,200 607 5.7 2,878 441 354 187 177 822 323 651 804 Total all groups 10,583 100.0 72,072 3,885 1,017 2,751 6,984 6,382 6,601 6,297 6,951 3,973 15,621 6,760 12,619

Page 11 Table 03b.B2 Number of households by size and per capita income groups (excluding imputed rent) 2. Atolls Per capita Percentage Number of Number of members Expenditure Number of Share of Family Other 1 or 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or 11 12 or 13 14 + Group Households Households Members Members 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 2.4 809 42 215 283 353 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,010 19.0 12,579 77 96 860 920 946 1,461 1,950 3,452 1,317 1,654 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,365 50.7 37,285 229 755 878 2,431 2,588 3,436 4,705 6,535 3,113 5,112 4,596 3,365 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,157 39.3 27,058 619 304 134 3,401 3,049 4,401 4,515 2,190 2,419 2,267 2,697 2,299 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 5,221 49.3 35,907 464 491 1,132 3,398 2,041 4,182 7,322 1,459 3,184 3,721 5,866 3,574 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,354 41.1 29,075 416 305 951 1,540 2,460 3,169 5,186 5,625 4,184 5,475 595 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,770 45.1 30,292 655 692 2,363 2,818 3,235 2,693 3,257 1,127 2,039 4,303 2,168 6,251 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,944 18.4 12,882 46 420 879 2,245 1,905 1,395 245 1,905 1,501 1,299 1,136 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,370 12.9 6,920 106 245 743 261 1,651 2,094 741 1,288 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,041 9.8 5,258 73 439 314 399 1,015 868 279 878 348 791 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 706 6.7 3,193 0 370 345 282 727 1,055 414 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 524 4.9 2,018 142 453 196 714 798 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 127 1.2 400 0 95 306 14More than Rf 4,200 102 1.0 308 0 108 200 Total all groups 31,942 301.8 203,982 2,869 4,985 7,917 16,530 20,978 24,210 30,689 21,864 18,924 26,111 16,626 18,018

Page 12 Table 04a.A Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Including rents) 0. Republic Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 0000000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 422 245 178 145 75 70 183 151 31 778 927 572 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,006 1,362 906 456 942 700 242 1,054 961 93 1,466 1,833 736 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,120 4,439 2,902 1,537 4,267 3,887 380 2,267 1,863 404 1,472 1,981 510 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,595 7,960 5,610 2,350 6,955 6,088 867 11,412 8,688 2,724 2,307 2,634 1,528 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,867 7,509 5,165 2,344 7,965 6,946 1,020 9,316 8,786 530 2,301 3,046 661 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 7,749 16,864 11,137 5,727 20,039 17,626 2,413 13,954 11,781 2,172 2,016 2,640 801 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5,030 11,941 7,380 4,562 19,235 16,376 2,859 15,109 10,566 4,543 2,876 3,651 1,623 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,550 7,074 4,277 2,797 7,592 6,302 1,290 16,566 14,760 1,807 3,415 4,924 1,107 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,261 5,744 3,630 2,114 8,956 6,864 2,092 6,184 5,041 1,143 2,636 3,280 1,530 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,510 2,988 1,629 1,358 2,955 2,218 736 5,933 5,369 564 2,975 4,657 957 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,523 6,027 4,151 1,876 11,473 9,532 1,942 16,889 16,081 808 4,706 6,171 1,466 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,002 3,906 2,476 1,429 5,863 4,470 1,393 8,392 7,959 433 3,650 5,019 1,278 14More than Rf 4,200 1,838 3,411 2,230 1,181 8,926 8,032 894 8,241 6,947 1,294 5,033 6,717 1,853 Total all groups 37,401 79,646 51,737 27,909 105,313 89,116 16,197 115,502 98,954 16,547 2,772 3,635 1,173

Table 04a.B1 Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Including rents) 1. Male' Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 00000 000 00000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 00000 000 00000 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17 16 0 16 21 021 0 001,350 0 1,350 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 34928012299 282 17 0 003,253 3,526 1,410 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 288 1,046 865 181 2,233 2,109 124 211 211 0 2,337 2,682 686 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 143 486 410 75 1,369 1,369 0 2,233 2,233 0 7,413 8,776 0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,019 3,399 2,735 664 7,418 6,400 1,018 2,818 2,482 336 3,011 3,248 2,039 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,406 3,569 2,501 1,068 7,448 6,278 1,170 2,434 1,847 587 2,769 3,249 1,645 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,012 2,406 1,620 786 4,060 3,510 550 9,560 9,193 367 5,661 7,842 1,167 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,018 3,439 2,245 1,193 6,824 5,473 1,351 1,475 1,181 294 2,413 2,964 1,378 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 607 1,224 595 629 1,563 1,105 458 593 394 199 1,761 2,521 1,043 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,695 4,589 3,133 1,455 9,568 8,126 1,442 7,558 6,806 752 3,732 4,766 1,508 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,436 3,066 1,953 1,113 4,418 3,267 1,152 7,788 7,555 233 3,981 5,540 1,245 14More than Rf 4,200 1,599 3,164 2,018 1,146 8,605 7,764 841 7,918 6,624 1,294 5,223 7,131 1,863 Total all groups 10,273 26,495 18,155 8,339 53,827 45,684 8,143 42,589 38,526 4,063 3,639 4,638 1,464

Page 13 Table 04a.B2 Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Including rents) 2. Atolls Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 00000 000 00000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 422 245 178 145 75 70 183 151 31 778 927 572 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 989 1,346 906 440 921 700 221 1,054 961 93 1,467 1,833 714 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,086 4,347 2,822 1,525 3,968 3,604 363 2,267 1,863 404 1,434 1,938 503 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,306 6,914 4,745 2,169 4,722 3,979 743 11,201 8,477 2,724 2,303 2,625 1,598 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,724 7,024 4,755 2,269 6,597 5,577 1,020 7,083 6,553 530 1,948 2,551 683 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,730 13,465 8,402 5,062 12,621 11,226 1,395 11,136 9,300 1,836 1,764 2,443 638 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,625 8,372 4,879 3,493 11,788 10,098 1,689 12,675 8,719 3,956 2,922 3,857 1,616 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,538 4,668 2,657 2,011 3,531 2,792 739 7,006 5,567 1,439 2,257 3,146 1,084 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,243 2,305 1,385 920 2,132 1,391 741 4,709 3,860 849 2,968 3,792 1,728 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 903 1,764 1,035 729 1,392 1,113 279 5,340 4,975 365 3,817 5,885 883 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 829 1,438 1,017 421 1,905 1,406 499 9,332 9,275 56 7,814 10,500 1,321 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 566 839 523 317 1,445 1,203 242 604 404 200 2,440 3,073 1,395 14More than Rf 4,200 239 247 212 35 321 268 53 323 323 0 2,603 2,784 1,506 Total all groups 27,128 53,151 33,582 19,569 51,486 43,432 8,054 72,913 60,428 12,485 2,340 3,093 1,050

Page 14 Table 04b.A Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Excluding rents) 0. Republic Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 135 137 95 42 125 125 0 11 11 0 986 1,420 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,826 2,894 1,964 930 1,845 1,497 349 1,344 1,095 250 1,102 1,319 643 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,198 8,300 5,404 2,897 7,079 6,243 837 6,340 3,596 2,744 1,617 1,821 1,236 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,118 7,579 5,186 2,393 6,093 5,159 933 8,485 7,412 1,073 1,923 2,424 838 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 5,296 11,475 7,741 3,734 16,086 14,002 2,084 12,866 11,802 1,064 2,523 3,333 843 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,799 11,090 6,985 4,105 11,876 10,051 1,824 11,448 8,733 2,714 2,103 2,689 1,106 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,125 13,252 8,168 5,084 20,472 17,443 3,030 24,941 21,404 3,538 3,427 4,756 1,292 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,940 7,947 5,231 2,717 12,016 10,054 1,962 5,359 4,437 922 2,186 2,770 1,062 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,465 5,691 3,495 2,197 7,071 4,903 2,168 8,816 7,481 1,335 2,792 3,544 1,595 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,784 4,335 2,843 1,492 7,698 6,662 1,036 11,623 10,280 1,343 4,457 5,959 1,595 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,236 2,174 1,484 690 3,515 3,004 511 14,702 14,310 393 8,380 11,665 1,311 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,027 1,903 1,162 742 4,160 3,273 887 2,504 2,157 347 3,501 4,673 1,664 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 742 1,073 680 393 2,586 2,406 181 421 9 411 2,803 3,550 1,509 14More than Rf 4,200 709 1,794 1,300 494 4,691 4,296 395 6,642 6,229 413 6,317 8,096 1,637 Total all groups 37,401 79,646 51,737 27,909 105,313 89,116 16,197 115,502 98,954 16,547 2,772 3,635 1,173

Table 04b.B1 Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Excluding rents) 1. Male' Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 0000 0 000 00000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 98 181 181 0 274 274 0 194 194 0 2,585 2,585 0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 219 964 740 224 1,830 1,722 108 41 17 24 1,940 2,350 587 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 552 1,698 1,182 517 2,043 1,643 400 2,150 1,597 553 2,469 2,742 1,845 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 719 2,187 1,783 403 4,664 4,038 626 2,959 2,916 43 3,486 3,899 1,658 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,204 3,261 2,331 931 6,965 5,834 1,131 2,996 2,760 236 3,054 3,688 1,468 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,803 3,782 2,380 1,402 7,775 6,291 1,483 9,863 9,254 609 4,664 6,532 1,493 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,135 3,518 2,479 1,039 7,182 6,287 896 1,857 1,349 509 2,570 3,080 1,352 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,096 3,478 2,214 1,265 5,388 4,078 1,310 2,781 2,304 477 2,348 2,883 1,413 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 951 2,494 1,815 679 5,680 5,154 527 5,370 5,197 173 4,431 5,702 1,031 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 702 1,131 702 429 2,416 1,985 431 6,808 6,449 359 8,159 12,014 1,844 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 571 1,171 571 601 3,257 2,547 710 839 583 256 3,497 5,486 1,607 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 616 943 585 358 1,899 1,770 128 411 0 411 2,449 3,024 1,509 14More than Rf 4,200 607 1,686 1,192 494 4,454 4,059 395 6,319 5,906 413 6,389 8,357 1,637 Total all groups 10,273 26,495 18,155 8,339 53,827 45,684 8,143 42,589 38,526 4,063 3,639 4,638 1,464

Page 15 Table 04b.B2 Number of households and earners; income by sex and expenditure group (Excluding rents) 2. Atolls Per capita Number of earners Labour income (Rf '000) Expenditure Number of Total Males Females From wage employment From business Average income per worker (Rf) Group Households Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females 1 Less than Rf. 150 135 137 95 42 125 125 0 11 11 0 986 1,420 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,729 2,713 1,783 930 1,571 1,223 349 1,150 901 250 1,003 1,191 643 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3,979 7,336 4,664 2,672 5,249 4,520 729 6,299 3,579 2,720 1,574 1,737 1,291 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,566 5,881 4,004 1,877 4,049 3,516 533 6,335 5,815 520 1,766 2,330 561 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,577 9,288 5,958 3,331 11,422 9,964 1,458 9,907 8,886 1,021 2,296 3,164 744 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,595 7,829 4,654 3,174 4,911 4,217 694 8,452 5,973 2,478 1,707 2,189 999 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,322 9,470 5,788 3,683 12,698 11,151 1,547 15,079 12,150 2,929 2,933 4,026 1,215 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,805 4,430 2,752 1,678 4,834 3,767 1,067 3,502 3,088 414 1,882 2,491 882 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,370 2,213 1,281 932 1,683 825 858 6,036 5,177 858 3,488 4,687 1,842 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 833 1,841 1,028 813 2,018 1,508 510 6,252 5,083 1,170 4,492 6,412 2,065 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 533 1,043 782 261 1,099 1,019 80 7,894 7,860 34 8,619 11,352 436 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 455 732 591 141 903 726 177 1,664 1,573 91 3,507 3,888 1,907 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 127 130 95 35 688 635 53 9 905,372 6,794 1,506 14More than Rf 4,200 102 108 108 0 237 237 0 323 323 0 5,200 5,200 0 Total all groups 27,128 53,151 33,582 19,569 51,486 43,432 8,054 72,913 60,428 12,485 2,340 3,093 1,050

Page 16 Table 05.1a.A Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind) (Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 44800080000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 35080229136600009352 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,050 5,923 1,884 2,109 142 776 0 0 849 162 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,498 21,255 8,534 4,535 166 3,578 0 0 3,478 964 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,259 47,566 13,910 22,824 723 2,415 0 126 6,280 1,288 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,424 49,184 15,931 18,632 878 4,170 188 85 7,219 2,081 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9,174 103,510 40,078 27,918 1,595 12,775 633 63 16,142 4,305 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5,765 99,685 38,471 30,219 5,643 9,888 553 1,968 10,323 2,620 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,814 68,159 15,184 33,133 3,218 5,189 833 54 8,153 2,395 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,580 50,137 17,915 12,368 7,380 3,003 182 29 8,470 791 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,726 28,406 5,912 11,867 2,506 3,202 128 0 4,495 297 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,825 82,089 22,947 33,778 9,976 5,748 270 330 8,518 521 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,065 49,336 11,725 16,785 5,542 6,057 180 232 8,150 665 14More than Rf 4,200 1,953 62,817 17,852 16,482 18,734 1,212 468 479 7,533 58 Total all groups 42,526 668,875 210,632 231,014 56,503 58,021 3,436 3,366 89,704 16,199

Table 05.2a.A Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.8 100.0 36.3 45.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.6 6.5 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2.5 100.0 31.8 35.6 2.4 13.1 0.0 0.0 14.3 2.7 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 5.9 100.0 40.1 21.3 0.8 16.8 0.0 0.0 16.4 4.5 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 10.0 100.0 29.2 48.0 1.5 5.1 0.0 0.3 13.2 2.7 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 10.4 100.0 32.4 37.9 1.8 8.5 0.4 0.2 14.7 4.2 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 21.6 100.0 38.7 27.0 1.5 12.3 0.6 0.1 15.6 4.2 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 13.6 100.0 38.6 30.3 5.7 9.9 0.6 2.0 10.4 2.6 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.0 100.0 22.3 48.6 4.7 7.6 1.2 0.1 12.0 3.5 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 6.1 100.0 35.7 24.7 14.7 6.0 0.4 0.1 16.9 1.6 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 4.1 100.0 20.8 41.8 8.8 11.3 0.4 0.0 15.8 1.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 6.6 100.0 28.0 41.1 12.2 7.0 0.3 0.4 10.4 0.6 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 4.9 100.0 23.8 34.0 11.2 12.3 0.4 0.5 16.5 1.3 14More than Rf 4,200 4.6 100.0 28.4 26.2 29.8 1.9 0.7 0.8 12.0 0.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 31.5 34.5 8.4 8.7 0.5 0.5 13.4 2.4

Page 17 Table 05.1a.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind) (Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0000000000 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1718543014200000 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 34 711 598 0 0 75 0 0 38 0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 288 5,063 4,466 422 0 163 0 11 0 0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 143 7,444 2,738 4,466 0 0 93 0 147 0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,019 23,805 14,836 5,636 156 1,528 0 14 1,619 16 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,526 30,465 14,896 4,869 4,575 2,841 250 214 2,781 40 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,012 33,112 8,121 19,121 1,755 471 596 54 2,979 15 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,035 29,730 13,648 2,949 6,484 907 0 0 5,736 5 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 607 10,669 3,125 1,186 2,267 1,424 0 0 2,667 0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,758 53,277 19,136 15,115 9,421 2,289 119 330 6,776 90 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,499 43,286 8,836 15,577 5,451 5,779 180 232 7,071 160 14More than Rf 4,200 1,646 60,896 17,210 15,836 18,734 1,146 468 479 6,986 37 Total all groups 10,583 298,643 107,654 85,177 48,985 16,624 1,707 1,334 36,799 363

Table 05.2a.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 0.2 100.0 23.1 0.0 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 0.3 100.0 84.1 0.0 0.0 10.6 0.0 0.0 5.3 0.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2.7 100.0 88.2 8.3 0.0 3.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1.4 100.0 36.8 60.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.0 2.0 0.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9.6 100.0 62.3 23.7 0.7 6.4 0.0 0.1 6.8 0.1 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 14.4 100.0 48.9 16.0 15.0 9.3 0.8 0.7 9.1 0.1 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.6 100.0 24.5 57.7 5.3 1.4 1.8 0.2 9.0 0.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9.8 100.0 45.9 9.9 21.8 3.1 0.0 0.0 19.3 0.0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 5.7 100.0 29.3 11.1 21.2 13.4 0.0 0.0 25.0 0.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 16.6 100.0 35.9 28.4 17.7 4.3 0.2 0.6 12.7 0.2 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 14.2 100.0 20.4 36.0 12.6 13.4 0.4 0.5 16.3 0.4 14More than Rf 4,200 15.6 100.0 28.3 26.0 30.8 1.9 0.8 0.8 11.5 0.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 36.0 28.5 16.4 5.6 0.6 0.4 12.3 0.1

Page 18 Table 05.1a.B2 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind) (Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 8 00080000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 802 29136600009352 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,033 5,738 1,842 2,109 0 776 0 0 849 162 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,464 20,544 7,935 4,535 166 3,503 0 0 3,441 964 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,970 42,503 9,444 22,402 723 2,252 0 114 6,280 1,288 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,281 41,740 13,193 14,165 878 4,170 94 85 7,073 2,081 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8,155 79,704 25,242 22,282 1,438 11,247 633 49 14,523 4,290 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,239 69,220 23,575 25,350 1,068 7,048 303 1,754 7,542 2,580 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,802 35,047 7,063 14,012 1,463 4,718 238 0 5,173 2,380 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,546 20,407 4,266 9,418 895 2,096 182 29 2,734 785 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,119 17,737 2,787 10,681 240 1,777 128 0 1,828 297 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,067 28,812 3,810 18,663 554 3,459 151 0 1,742 431 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 566 6,050 2,889 1,208 91 278 0 0 1,079 505 14More than Rf 4,200 307 1,921 641 646 0 66 0 0 548 21 Total all groups 31,942 370,232 102,978 145,836 7,518 41,397 1,729 2,032 52,905 15,836

Table 05.2a.B2 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups including rents) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1.1 100.0 36.3 45.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.6 6.5 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3.2 100.0 32.1 36.8 0.0 13.5 0.0 0.0 14.8 2.8 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 7.7 100.0 38.6 22.1 0.8 17.1 0.0 0.0 16.7 4.7 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 12.4 100.0 22.2 52.7 1.7 5.3 0.0 0.3 14.8 3.0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 13.4 100.0 31.6 33.9 2.1 10.0 0.2 0.2 16.9 5.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 25.5 100.0 31.7 28.0 1.8 14.1 0.8 0.1 18.2 5.4 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 13.3 100.0 34.1 36.6 1.5 10.2 0.4 2.5 10.9 3.7 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 8.8 100.0 20.2 40.0 4.2 13.5 0.7 0.0 14.8 6.8 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 4.8 100.0 20.9 46.2 4.4 10.3 0.9 0.1 13.4 3.8 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.5 100.0 15.7 60.2 1.4 10.0 0.7 0.0 10.3 1.7 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.3 100.0 13.2 64.8 1.9 12.0 0.5 0.0 6.0 1.5 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1.8 100.0 47.7 20.0 1.5 4.6 0.0 0.0 17.8 8.3 14More than Rf 4,200 1.0 100.0 33.4 33.6 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 28.5 1.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 27.8 39.4 2.0 11.2 0.5 0.5 14.3 4.3

Page 19 Table 05.1b.A Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind)(Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 729 249 22 0 134 0 0 301 23 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,108 11,050 3,691 2,689 0 1,470 0 0 2,883 317 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,584 43,238 14,158 12,680 1,049 5,427 81 11 8,262 1,570 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,709 42,707 12,185 16,970 732 2,674 237 213 8,191 1,505 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 6,043 81,426 32,172 25,732 337 9,274 141 5 11,113 2,653 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 5,574 76,947 23,751 22,905 8,028 8,535 471 214 10,393 2,649 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,573 128,411 40,945 49,883 7,312 10,558 1,040 1,852 13,868 2,952 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,206 56,114 24,035 10,719 5,791 4,046 349 262 8,952 1,960 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,482 51,353 14,143 17,632 7,441 3,947 231 165 6,679 1,116 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,992 52,501 15,398 23,245 2,782 4,319 159 0 6,178 419 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,409 50,005 7,030 29,405 2,769 5,748 259 98 4,339 358 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,095 20,533 8,320 5,007 1,645 1,758 0 68 3,291 444 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 789 16,281 5,173 842 7,094 28 365 55 2,517 207 14More than Rf 4,200 709 37,580 9,381 13,284 11,523 102 103 423 2,737 26 Total all groups 42,526 668,875 210,632 231,014 56,503 58,021 3,436 3,366 89,704 16,199

Table 05.2b.A Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.6 100.0 34.2 3.0 0.0 18.3 0.0 0.0 41.3 3.2 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 5.0 100.0 33.4 24.3 0.0 13.3 0.0 0.0 26.1 2.9 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 13.1 100.0 32.7 29.3 2.4 12.6 0.2 0.0 19.1 3.6 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 11.1 100.0 28.5 39.7 1.7 6.3 0.6 0.5 19.2 3.5 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 14.2 100.0 39.5 31.6 0.4 11.4 0.2 0.0 13.6 3.3 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 13.1 100.0 30.9 29.8 10.4 11.1 0.6 0.3 13.5 3.4 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 15.5 100.0 31.9 38.8 5.7 8.2 0.8 1.4 10.8 2.3 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 7.5 100.0 42.8 19.1 10.3 7.2 0.6 0.5 16.0 3.5 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 5.8 100.0 27.5 34.3 14.5 7.7 0.4 0.3 13.0 2.2 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 4.7 100.0 29.3 44.3 5.3 8.2 0.3 0.0 11.8 0.8 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.3 100.0 14.1 58.8 5.5 11.5 0.5 0.2 8.7 0.7 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2.6 100.0 40.5 24.4 8.0 8.6 0.0 0.3 16.0 2.2 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1.9 100.0 31.8 5.2 43.6 0.2 2.2 0.3 15.5 1.3 14More than Rf 4,200 1.7 100.0 25.0 35.3 30.7 0.3 0.3 1.1 7.3 0.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 31.5 34.5 8.4 8.7 0.5 0.5 13.4 2.4

Page 20 Table 05.1b.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind)(Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0000000000 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 981,09454938801570000 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 219 4,014 3,660 81 142 81 0 11 38 0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 552 9,679 4,087 4,300 99 179 0 14 994 7 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 822 19,799 9,328 5,918 0 2,154 0 0 2,362 37 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,220 31,623 13,929 5,992 7,370 1,256 210 214 2,647 7 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,803 48,894 15,549 19,725 5,422 1,493 729 54 5,883 37 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,262 30,448 14,365 3,715 4,461 2,266 0 232 5,403 5 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,112 29,500 10,776 5,561 6,353 2,087 119 165 4,419 21 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 951 32,361 11,361 10,741 2,705 2,816 72 0 4,655 11 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 702 27,303 4,832 13,617 2,329 3,145 108 98 3,092 84 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 571 13,168 6,514 1,679 1,487 888 0 68 2,416 117 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 663 14,485 3,797 823 7,094 0 365 55 2,320 31 14More than Rf 4,200 607 36,275 8,908 12,638 11,523 102 103 423 2,572 5 Total all groups 10,583 298,643 107,654 85,177 48,985 16,624 1,707 1,334 36,799 363

Table 05.2b.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.9 100.0 50.1 35.5 0.0 14.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2.1 100.0 91.2 2.0 3.5 2.0 0.0 0.3 0.9 0.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 5.2 100.0 42.2 44.4 1.0 1.8 0.0 0.1 10.3 0.1 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 7.8 100.0 47.1 29.9 0.0 10.9 0.0 0.0 11.9 0.2 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 11.5 100.0 44.0 18.9 23.3 4.0 0.7 0.7 8.4 0.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 17.0 100.0 31.8 40.3 11.1 3.1 1.5 0.1 12.0 0.1 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 11.9 100.0 47.2 12.2 14.7 7.4 0.0 0.8 17.7 0.0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 10.5 100.0 36.5 18.9 21.5 7.1 0.4 0.6 15.0 0.1 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9.0 100.0 35.1 33.2 8.4 8.7 0.2 0.0 14.4 0.0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 6.6 100.0 17.7 49.9 8.5 11.5 0.4 0.4 11.3 0.3 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 5.4 100.0 49.5 12.7 11.3 6.7 0.0 0.5 18.3 0.9 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 6.3 100.0 26.2 5.7 49.0 0.0 2.5 0.4 16.0 0.2 14More than Rf 4,200 5.7 100.0 24.6 34.8 31.8 0.3 0.3 1.2 7.1 0.0 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 36.0 28.5 16.4 5.6 0.6 0.4 12.3 0.1

Page 21 Table 05.1b.B2 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind)(Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 729 249 22 0 134 0 0 301 23 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,010 9,956 3,142 2,301 0 1,312 0 0 2,883 317 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,365 39,225 10,498 12,599 907 5,347 81 0 8,224 1,570 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,157 33,028 8,099 12,670 632 2,496 237 200 7,197 1,497 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 5,221 61,628 22,843 19,814 337 7,119 141 5 8,752 2,616 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,354 45,323 9,822 16,913 659 7,280 262 0 7,747 2,642 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,770 79,517 25,396 30,157 1,890 9,065 311 1,798 7,985 2,915 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,944 25,666 9,670 7,004 1,330 1,780 349 29 3,549 1,955 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,370 21,853 3,367 12,071 1,088 1,860 112 0 2,260 1,095 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,041 20,140 4,038 12,504 77 1,503 86 0 1,523 408 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 706 22,702 2,199 15,788 440 2,603 151 0 1,247 274 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 524 7,365 1,806 3,328 159 870 0 0 875 326 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 127 1,796 1,375 19 0 28 0 0 197 176 14More than Rf 4,200 102 1,305 473646000016521 Total all groups 31,942 370,232 102,978 145,836 7,518 41,397 1,729 2,032 52,905 15,836

Table 05.2b.B2 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita expenditure groups (Groups excluding rent) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.8 100.0 34.2 3.0 0.0 18.3 0.0 0.0 41.3 3.2 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 6.3 100.0 31.6 23.1 0.0 13.2 0.0 0.0 29.0 3.2 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 16.8 100.0 26.8 32.1 2.3 13.6 0.2 0.0 21.0 4.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 13.0 100.0 24.5 38.4 1.9 7.6 0.7 0.6 21.8 4.5 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 16.3 100.0 37.1 32.2 0.5 11.6 0.2 0.0 14.2 4.2 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 13.6 100.0 21.7 37.3 1.5 16.1 0.6 0.0 17.1 5.8 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 14.9 100.0 31.9 37.9 2.4 11.4 0.4 2.3 10.0 3.7 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.1 100.0 37.7 27.3 5.2 6.9 1.4 0.1 13.8 7.6 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4.3 100.0 15.4 55.2 5.0 8.5 0.5 0.0 10.3 5.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 3.3 100.0 20.0 62.1 0.4 7.5 0.4 0.0 7.6 2.0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 2.2 100.0 9.7 69.5 1.9 11.5 0.7 0.0 5.5 1.2 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1.6 100.0 24.5 45.2 2.2 11.8 0.0 0.0 11.9 4.4 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 0.4 100.0 76.6 1.0 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 11.0 9.8 14More than Rf 4,200 0.3 100.0 36.3 49.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.7 1.6 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 27.8 39.4 2.0 11.2 0.5 0.5 14.3 4.3

Page 22 Table 06.1a.A Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind)(Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 497 255 0 127 0 36 0 0 74 18 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,298 2,914 466 860 0 367 0 0 1,072 149 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,354 10,029 2,294 2,991 0 1,168 0 0 2,950 626 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,361 18,229 5,565 3,767 0 2,238 0 54 5,236 1,369 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,310 27,860 8,051 6,114 166 4,766 0 36 7,201 1,525 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,199 30,766 10,190 4,916 615 6,303 0 114 6,833 1,795 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,678 58,108 20,182 15,944 1,312 6,924 352 505 10,069 2,820 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,846 58,320 21,441 14,994 842 7,427 266 28 10,156 3,166 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4,018 65,036 26,835 15,727 1,790 7,572 1,229 139 10,165 1,580 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,424 44,846 23,886 10,189 2,470 1,778 3 0 5,547 973 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,278 24,716 9,824 6,283 2,114 2,072 90 0 4,272 61 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,468 66,086 25,342 19,044 7,798 5,269 229 476 6,762 1,166 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,193 62,861 17,450 17,818 7,891 9,309 634 1,556 7,871 332 14More than Rf 4,200 3,601 198,848 39,108 112,240 31,504 2,790 633 458 11,496 620 Total all groups 42,526 668,875 210,632 231,014 56,503 58,021 3,436 3,366 89,704 16,199

Table 06.2a.A Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 1.2 100.0 0.0 49.8 0.0 14.3 0.0 0.0 28.8 7.1 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3.1 100.0 16.0 29.5 0.0 12.6 0.0 0.0 36.8 5.1 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5.5 100.0 22.9 29.8 0.0 11.6 0.0 0.0 29.4 6.2 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 7.9 100.0 30.5 20.7 0.0 12.3 0.0 0.3 28.7 7.5 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 10.1 100.0 28.9 21.9 0.6 17.1 0.0 0.1 25.8 5.5 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 9.9 100.0 33.1 16.0 2.0 20.5 0.0 0.4 22.2 5.8 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 13.4 100.0 34.7 27.4 2.3 11.9 0.6 0.9 17.3 4.9 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 11.4 100.0 36.8 25.7 1.4 12.7 0.5 0.0 17.4 5.4 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.4 100.0 41.3 24.2 2.8 11.6 1.9 0.2 15.6 2.4 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 5.7 100.0 53.3 22.7 5.5 4.0 0.0 0.0 12.4 2.2 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.0 100.0 39.7 25.4 8.6 8.4 0.4 0.0 17.3 0.2 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 5.8 100.0 38.3 28.8 11.8 8.0 0.3 0.7 10.2 1.8 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 5.2 100.0 27.8 28.3 12.6 14.8 1.0 2.5 12.5 0.5 14More than Rf 4,200 8.5 100.0 19.7 56.4 15.8 1.4 0.3 0.2 5.8 0.3 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 31.5 34.5 8.4 8.7 0.5 0.5 13.4 2.4

Page 23 Table 06.1a.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind)(Rf' 000 per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 21425018000007 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 611481480000000 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 145411370110000300 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 1431,063621430000507 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 625061123003640000 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 217 2,592 1,681 388 0 157 0 0 365 0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 876 12,957 6,858 3,548 226 686 93 14 1,490 42 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 991 12,850 5,302 1,872 317 2,488 0 0 2,871 0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,149 22,123 11,864 3,051 1,017 782 667 109 4,618 14 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 949 20,662 12,537 3,124 1,289 750 0 0 2,939 23 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 902 21,087 8,398 4,680 2,114 1,960 90 0 3,840 4 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,297 33,259 15,544 3,371 5,968 3,249 44 476 4,537 70 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,318 40,834 12,408 9,514 7,622 4,229 330 273 6,450 8 14More than Rf 4,200 2,259 130,126 31,811 55,141 30,431 1,959 481 458 9,658 188 Total all groups 10,583 298,643 107,654 85,177 48,985 16,624 1,707 1,334 36,799 363

Table 06.2a.B1 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 2.0 100.0 0.4 73.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 26.6 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.6 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1.4 100.0 89.9 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 0.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 1.4 100.0 58.4 40.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.7 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 0.6 100.0 22.0 6.0 0.0 72.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2.1 100.0 64.8 15.0 0.0 6.1 0.0 0.0 14.1 0.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8.3 100.0 52.9 27.4 1.7 5.3 0.7 0.1 11.5 0.3 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 9.4 100.0 41.3 14.6 2.5 19.4 0.0 0.0 22.3 0.0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 10.9 100.0 53.6 13.8 4.6 3.5 3.0 0.5 20.9 0.1 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9.0 100.0 60.7 15.1 6.2 3.6 0.0 0.0 14.2 0.1 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 8.5 100.0 39.8 22.2 10.0 9.3 0.4 0.0 18.2 0.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 12.3 100.0 46.7 10.1 17.9 9.8 0.1 1.4 13.6 0.2 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 12.5 100.0 30.4 23.3 18.7 10.4 0.8 0.7 15.8 0.0 14More than Rf 4,200 21.3 100.0 24.4 42.4 23.4 1.5 0.4 0.4 7.4 0.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 36.0 28.5 16.4 5.6 0.6 0.4 12.3 0.1

Page 24 Table 06.1a.B2 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind)(Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 283 231 0 109 0 36 0 0 74 12 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,237 2,766 317 860 0 367 0 0 1,072 149 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,209 9,618 1,924 2,980 0 1,168 0 0 2,920 626 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,218 17,167 4,944 3,337 0 2,238 0 49 5,236 1,362 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,248 27,354 7,939 6,084 166 4,402 0 36 7,201 1,525 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,982 28,174 8,509 4,528 615 6,146 0 114 6,467 1,795 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,802 45,151 13,324 12,396 1,086 6,239 258 491 8,579 2,778 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,855 45,470 16,138 13,123 525 4,938 266 28 7,286 3,166 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,869 42,913 14,971 12,675 773 6,790 561 29 5,547 1,566 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,475 24,184 11,349 7,065 1,181 1,028 3 0 2,609 949 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 377 3,629 1,426 1,603 0 112 0 0 432 57 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,170 32,827 9,798 15,673 1,829 2,021 185 0 2,224 1,096 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 875 22,027 5,041 8,303 268 5,081 304 1,284 1,421 324 14More than Rf 4,200 1,342 68,722 7,297 57,099 1,074 831 151 0 1,837 432 Total all groups 31,942 370,232 102,978 145,836 7,518 41,397 1,729 2,032 52,905 15,836

Table 06.2a.B2 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups including rents) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.9 100.0 0.0 47.3 0.0 15.8 0.0 0.0 31.9 5.0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3.9 100.0 11.5 31.1 0.0 13.3 0.0 0.0 38.8 5.4 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 6.9 100.0 20.0 31.0 0.0 12.1 0.0 0.0 30.4 6.5 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 10.1 100.0 28.8 19.4 0.0 13.0 0.0 0.3 30.5 7.9 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 13.3 100.0 29.0 22.2 0.6 16.1 0.0 0.1 26.3 5.6 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 12.5 100.0 30.2 16.1 2.2 21.8 0.0 0.4 23.0 6.4 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 15.0 100.0 29.5 27.5 2.4 13.8 0.6 1.1 19.0 6.2 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 12.1 100.0 35.5 28.9 1.2 10.9 0.6 0.1 16.0 7.0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.0 100.0 34.9 29.5 1.8 15.8 1.3 0.1 12.9 3.6 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 4.6 100.0 46.9 29.2 4.9 4.3 0.0 0.0 10.8 3.9 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1.2 100.0 39.3 44.2 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 11.9 1.6 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.7 100.0 29.8 47.7 5.6 6.2 0.6 0.0 6.8 3.3 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2.7 100.0 22.9 37.7 1.2 23.1 1.4 5.8 6.5 1.5 14More than Rf 4,200 4.2 100.0 10.6 83.1 1.6 1.2 0.2 0.0 2.7 0.6 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 27.8 39.4 2.0 11.2 0.5 0.5 14.3 4.3

Page 25 Table 06.1b.A Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind)(Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 3,005 6,430 286 714 0 682 0 0 4,340 408 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3,866 16,174 2,423 3,400 0 2,258 0 60 6,701 1,332 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,345 30,826 8,727 5,921 0 5,109 0 26 9,445 1,598 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,667 34,213 10,153 6,418 794 6,888 72 5 8,246 1,636 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,499 31,064 10,073 7,868 297 4,862 258 119 6,059 1,527 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,870 29,164 11,086 6,604 390 2,684 0 486 6,258 1,655 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,379 78,039 31,183 19,721 2,609 7,562 807 169 12,833 3,155 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,857 48,514 16,859 13,068 1,672 7,622 784 0 6,796 1,713 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,744 54,507 26,816 12,075 5,122 1,771 62 11 7,648 1,002 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,321 29,768 16,389 4,601 3,705 1,278 0 127 3,363 306 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,213 24,926 7,818 8,111 3,210 2,175 313 0 3,046 253 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,579 56,915 21,373 19,962 4,251 4,226 506 1,633 4,066 898 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,491 57,739 16,393 19,211 6,760 9,536 365 423 4,753 299 14More than Rf 4,200 2,690 170,596 31,054 103,342 27,693 1,367 268 307 6,150 416 Total all groups 42,526 668,875 210,632 231,014 56,503 58,021 3,436 3,366 89,704 16,199

Table 06.2b.A Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 0. Republic Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 7.1 100.0 4.4 11.1 0.0 10.6 0.0 0.0 67.5 6.3 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 9.1 100.0 15.0 21.0 0.0 14.0 0.0 0.4 41.4 8.2 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 12.6 100.0 28.3 19.2 0.0 16.6 0.0 0.1 30.6 5.2 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 11.0 100.0 29.7 18.8 2.3 20.1 0.2 0.0 24.1 4.8 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 8.2 100.0 32.4 25.3 1.0 15.7 0.8 0.4 19.5 4.9 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 6.7 100.0 38.0 22.6 1.3 9.2 0.0 1.7 21.5 5.7 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 12.6 100.0 40.0 25.3 3.3 9.7 1.0 0.2 16.4 4.0 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.7 100.0 34.8 26.9 3.4 15.7 1.6 0.0 14.0 3.5 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 6.5 100.0 49.2 22.2 9.4 3.2 0.1 0.0 14.0 1.8 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 3.1 100.0 55.1 15.5 12.4 4.3 0.0 0.4 11.3 1.0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 2.9 100.0 31.4 32.5 12.9 8.7 1.3 0.0 12.2 1.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.7 100.0 37.6 35.1 7.5 7.4 0.9 2.9 7.1 1.6 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 3.5 100.0 28.4 33.3 11.7 16.5 0.6 0.7 8.2 0.5 14More than Rf 4,200 6.3 100.0 18.2 60.6 16.2 0.8 0.2 0.2 3.6 0.2 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 31.5 34.5 8.4 8.7 0.5 0.5 13.4 2.4

Page 26 Table 06.1b.B1 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind)(Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 290552461800004808 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 111625199000004250 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3892,7491,3935900001,2970 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 400 4,398 1,755 1,024 0 46 72 5 1,459 36 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 181 2,045 792 421 0 364 0 0 466 1 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 594 8,107 4,606 986 59 171 0 0 2,281 3 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,684 28,596 12,253 5,796 1,640 2,185 520 112 6,076 14 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 849 15,276 5,527 3,040 966 2,390 240 0 3,092 21 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,228 29,769 16,482 3,588 3,856 746 62 11 5,009 13 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 865 19,340 10,290 1,425 3,550 1,278 0 127 2,666 5 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 757 15,395 5,978 3,521 2,072 1,191 313 0 2,320 0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 807 25,129 12,298 2,767 3,685 3,260 17 349 2,666 86 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 845 39,916 10,540 13,809 6,538 4,456 365 423 3,771 14 14More than Rf 4,200 1,584 106,747 25,493 48,724 26,619 536 116 307 4,790 162 Total all groups 10,583 298,643 107,654 85,177 48,985 16,624 1,707 1,334 36,799 363

Table 06.2b.B1 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 1. Male' Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 2.7 100.0 8.3 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.9 1.5 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1.0 100.0 31.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68.1 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3.7 100.0 50.7 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 47.2 0.0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3.8 100.0 39.9 23.3 0.0 1.1 1.6 0.1 33.2 0.8 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 1.7 100.0 38.7 20.6 0.0 17.8 0.0 0.0 22.8 0.0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 5.6 100.0 56.8 12.2 0.7 2.1 0.0 0.0 28.1 0.0 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 15.9 100.0 42.8 20.3 5.7 7.6 1.8 0.4 21.2 0.1 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 8.0 100.0 36.2 19.9 6.3 15.6 1.6 0.0 20.2 0.1 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 11.6 100.0 55.4 12.1 13.0 2.5 0.2 0.0 16.8 0.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 8.2 100.0 53.2 7.4 18.4 6.6 0.0 0.7 13.8 0.0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 7.1 100.0 38.8 22.9 13.5 7.7 2.0 0.0 15.1 0.0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 7.6 100.0 48.9 11.0 14.7 13.0 0.1 1.4 10.6 0.3 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 8.0 100.0 26.4 34.6 16.4 11.2 0.9 1.1 9.4 0.0 14More than Rf 4,200 15.0 100.0 23.9 45.6 24.9 0.5 0.1 0.3 4.5 0.2 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 36.0 28.5 16.4 5.6 0.6 0.4 12.3 0.1

Page 27 Table 06.1b.B2 Number of households and incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind)(Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group Households Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 2,714 5,878 240 696 0 682 0 0 3,861 399 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3,755 15,549 2,224 3,400 0 2,258 0 60 6,276 1,332 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,956 28,077 7,333 5,862 0 5,109 0 26 8,148 1,598 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,267 29,815 8,398 5,394 794 6,842 0 0 6,786 1,600 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,318 29,019 9,281 7,446 297 4,497 258 119 5,593 1,526 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,276 21,057 6,480 5,618 331 2,513 0 486 3,977 1,652 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 3,695 49,443 18,930 13,925 970 5,377 287 58 6,757 3,140 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,009 33,237 11,331 10,028 706 5,232 544 0 3,704 1,692 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,516 24,739 10,333 8,487 1,266 1,024 0 0 2,639 990 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 456 10,428 6,0983,176155000697301 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 456 9,530 1,840 4,590 1,138 984 0 0 725 253 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 772 31,787 9,075 17,194 566 966 489 1,284 1,400 812 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 646 17,824 5,853 5,401 221 5,081 0 0 982 285 14More than Rf 4,200 1,106 63,848 5,561 54,618 1,074 831 151 0 1,360 254 Total all groups 31,942 370,232 102,978 145,836 7,518 41,397 1,729 2,032 52,905 15,836

Table 06.2b.B2 Percentage distribution of incomes by type and per capita income groups (Groups excluding rent) 2. Atolls Income (in cash and kind) Per Capita Percentage Transfers by Imputed rent Wages and Business Property Miscellaneous Own produced Expenditure Group of Total income non-resident Pensions (owner- salaries income Income Income goods Households earners occupied) 1 Less than Rf. 150 8.5 100.0 4.1 11.8 0.0 11.6 0.0 0.0 65.7 6.8 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 11.8 100.0 14.3 21.9 0.0 14.5 0.0 0.4 40.4 8.6 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 15.5 100.0 26.1 20.9 0.0 18.2 0.0 0.1 29.0 5.7 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 13.4 100.0 28.2 18.1 2.7 22.9 0.0 0.0 22.8 5.4 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 10.4 100.0 32.0 25.7 1.0 15.5 0.9 0.4 19.3 5.3 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 7.1 100.0 30.8 26.7 1.6 11.9 0.0 2.3 18.9 7.8 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 11.6 100.0 38.3 28.2 2.0 10.9 0.6 0.1 13.7 6.4 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.3 100.0 34.1 30.2 2.1 15.7 1.6 0.0 11.1 5.1 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4.7 100.0 41.8 34.3 5.1 4.1 0.0 0.0 10.7 4.0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1.4 100.0 58.5 30.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 2.9 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1.4 100.0 19.3 48.2 11.9 10.3 0.0 0.0 7.6 2.7 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2.4 100.0 28.5 54.1 1.8 3.0 1.5 4.0 4.4 2.6 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2.0 100.0 32.8 30.3 1.2 28.5 0.0 0.0 5.5 1.6 14More than Rf 4,200 3.5 100.0 8.7 85.5 1.7 1.3 0.2 0.0 2.1 0.4 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 27.8 39.4 2.0 11.2 0.5 0.5 14.3 4.3

Page 28 Table 07.1a.A Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 44 0 0 0 29 15 524.7% 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 376 0 0 0 327 49 46.9% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 844 970 0 0 43 580 347 16.4% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,026 1,240 0 10 40 256 934 5.8% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,285 2,723 0 301 205 834 1,383 5.7% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,164 3,595 0 16 633 488 2,458 7.3% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 7,684 6,446 77 701 397 1,800 3,471 6.2% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,939 4,084 32 181 524 437 2,909 4.1% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,037 1,716 0 11 292 0 1,413 2.5% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,212 2,585 5 147 903 156 1,374 5.2% 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,317 2,570 18 0 1,425 196 931 9.0% 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,181 30,053 131 247 62 355 29,259 36.6% 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,688 1,598 544 2 141 0 911 3.2% 14More than Rf 4,200 1,079 2,066 0 300 324 346 1,096 3.3% Total all groups 33,848 60,066 807 1,917 4,989 5,802 46,551 9.0%

Table 07.2a.A Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67.0 33.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87.1 12.9 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 4.4 59.8 35.8 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 6.0 100.0 0.0 0.8 3.2 20.6 75.3 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 9.7 100.0 0.0 11.1 7.5 30.6 50.8 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 9.3 100.0 0.0 0.4 17.6 13.6 68.4 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 22.7 100.0 1.2 10.9 6.2 27.9 53.9 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 14.6 100.0 0.8 4.4 12.8 10.7 71.2 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.0 100.0 0.0 0.6 17.0 0.0 82.4 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 6.5 100.0 0.2 5.7 34.9 6.0 53.1 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.9 100.0 0.7 0.0 55.4 7.6 36.2 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 6.4 100.0 0.4 0.8 0.2 1.2 97.4 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 5.0 100.0 34.0 0.1 8.8 0.0 57.0 14 More than Rf 4,200 3.2 100.0 0.0 14.5 15.7 16.7 53.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 1.3 3.2 8.3 9.7 77.5

Page 29 Table 07.1a.B1 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 00000000.0% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 00000000.0% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17 30 0 0 0 30 0 16.3% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 13560005337.9% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 191 540 0 0 0 405 136 10.7% 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 103 181 0 0 0 155 26 2.4% 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 866 2,012 0 0 38 1,307 667 8.5% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,243 2,030 32 110 277 345 1,266 6.7% 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 714 687 0 11 130 0 546 2.1% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 767 550 5 147 179 0 219 1.8% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 485 1,515 0 0 738 114 663 14.2% 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,228 2,222 119 247 62 355 1,441 4.2% 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,237 1,402 544 2 14 0 841 3.2% 14 More than Rf 4,200 976 1,987 0 246 324 346 1,072 3.3% Total all groups 7,839 13,213 700 763 1,761 3,109 6,879 4.4%

Table 07.2a.B1 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 0.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 0.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 94.2 5.8 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2.4 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 74.9 25.1 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85.7 14.3 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 11.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 65.0 33.1 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 15.9 100.0 1.6 5.4 13.6 17.0 62.4 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.1 100.0 0.0 1.6 18.9 0.0 79.5 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9.8 100.0 0.9 26.7 32.6 0.0 39.8 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 6.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 48.7 7.5 43.7 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 15.7 100.0 5.3 11.1 2.8 16.0 64.8 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 15.8 100.0 38.8 0.2 1.0 0.0 60.0 14 More than Rf 4,200 12.5 100.0 0.0 12.4 16.3 17.4 53.9 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 5.3 5.8 13.3 23.5 52.1

Page 30 Table 07.1a.B2 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 44 0002915524.7% 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 376 0 0 0 327 49 46.9% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 827 939 0 0 43 549 347 16.4% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,014 1,184 0 10 40 203 931 5.8% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,094 2,183 0 301 205 429 1,247 5.1% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,061 3,414 0 16 633 333 2,432 8.2% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,818 4,434 77 701 359 493 2,805 5.6% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,696 2,053 0 71 247 92 1,643 3.0% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,323 1,029 0 0 162 0 867 2.9% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,444 2,036 0 0 724 156 1,155 10.0% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 833 1,055 18 0 687 81 268 5.9% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 952 27,830 12 0 0 0 27,819 96.6% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 451 197 0 0 127 0 70 3.3% 14 More than Rf 4,200 102 78 054 0 0244.1% Total all groups 26,009 46,853 106 1,154 3,228 2,693 39,671 12.7%

Table 07.2a.B2 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (including Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67.0 33.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 87.1 12.9 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 4.6 58.5 36.9 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 7.7 100.0 0.0 0.9 3.4 17.1 78.6 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 11.9 100.0 0.0 13.8 9.4 19.7 57.1 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 11.8 100.0 0.0 0.5 18.6 9.7 71.2 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 26.2 100.0 1.7 15.8 8.1 11.1 63.2 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 14.2 100.0 0.0 3.5 12.0 4.5 80.0 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 8.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 15.7 0.0 84.3 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 5.6 100.0 0.0 0.0 35.6 7.7 56.7 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.2 100.0 1.7 0.0 65.1 7.7 25.5 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 64.6 0.0 35.4 14 More than Rf 4,200 0.4 100.0 0.0 68.7 0.0 0.0 31.3 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 6.9 5.7 84.7

Page 31 Table 07.1b.A Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 72 0 0 0 29 42 9.8% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,594 632 0 0 6 327 299 5.7% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,592 4,266 0 312 204 580 3,171 9.9% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,481 2,056 0 342 212 256 1,247 4.8% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,599 4,125 32 14 616 834 2,629 5.1% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,665 3,646 77 339 433 488 2,309 4.7% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,610 5,409 23 143 782 1,800 2,661 4.2% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,649 2,169 0 186 15 437 1,531 3.9% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,049 3,595 0 279 1,560 0 1,756 7.0% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,519 2,346 138 0 697 156 1,355 4.5% 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,232 28,881 483 2 0 196 28,200 57.8% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 539 642 0 0 14 355 273 3.1% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 513 757 54 0 451 0 253 4.6% 14 More than Rf 4,200 553 1,469 0 300 0 346 824 3.9% Total all groups 33,848 60,066 807 1,917 4,989 5,802 46,551 9.0%

Table 07.2b.A Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41.2 58.8 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 4.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 51.8 47.3 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 13.6 100.0 0.0 7.3 4.8 13.6 74.3 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 10.3 100.0 0.0 16.6 10.3 12.4 60.6 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 13.6 100.0 0.8 0.3 14.9 20.2 63.7 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 13.8 100.0 2.1 9.3 11.9 13.4 63.3 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 16.6 100.0 0.4 2.6 14.5 33.3 49.2 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 7.8 100.0 0.0 8.6 0.7 20.1 70.6 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 6.1 100.0 0.0 7.8 43.4 0.0 48.9 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 4.5 100.0 5.9 0.0 29.7 6.7 57.8 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.6 100.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.7 97.6 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1.6 100.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 55.2 42.6 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1.5 100.0 7.1 0.0 59.5 0.0 33.4 14 More than Rf 4,200 1.6 100.0 0.0 20.4 0.0 23.5 56.0 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 1.3 3.2 8.3 9.7 77.5

Page 32 Table 07.1b.B1 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 00000000.0% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 00000000.0% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 198 245 0 0 0 30 214 6.1% 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 370 415 0 0 22 53 340 4.3% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 659 996 32 0 12 405 547 5.0% 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 878 1,400 0 110 281 155 853 4.4% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,510 2,239 5 11 234 1,307 683 4.6% 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 905 1,115 0 115 0 345 655 3.7% 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 817 2,099 0 279 833 0 988 7.1% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 691 897 138 0 42 0 716 2.8% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 662 1,281 471 2 0 114 693 4.7% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 248 508 0 0 14 355 139 3.9% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 453 628 54 0 324 0 251 4.3% 14 More than Rf 4,200 451 1,391 0 246 0 346 799 3.8% Total all groups 7,839 13,213 700 763 1,761 3,109 6,879 4.4%

Table 07.2b.B1 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.4 87.6 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 12.8 82.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 8.4 100.0 3.2 0.0 1.2 40.6 54.9 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 11.2 100.0 0.0 7.9 20.1 11.1 60.9 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 19.3 100.0 0.2 0.5 10.4 58.4 30.5 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 11.5 100.0 0.0 10.3 0.0 30.9 58.8 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 10.4 100.0 0.0 13.3 39.7 0.0 47.1 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 8.8 100.0 15.4 0.0 4.7 0.0 79.9 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 8.4 100.0 36.8 0.2 0.0 8.9 54.1 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 69.8 27.4 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 5.8 100.0 8.5 0.0 51.5 0.0 40.0 14 More than Rf 4,200 5.8 100.0 0.0 17.7 0.0 24.9 57.4 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 5.3 5.8 13.3 23.5 52.1

Page 33 Table 07.1b.B2 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 72 00029429.8% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,594 632 0 0 6 327 299 6.3% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,394 4,021 0 312 204 549 2,956 10.3% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,110 1,642 0 342 190 203 907 5.0% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,941 3,129 0 14 604 429 2,081 5.1% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,788 2,247 77 229 152 333 1,457 5.0% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,101 3,170 18 132 548 493 1,979 4.0% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,744 1,054 07115928764.1% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,232 1,496 0 0 727 0 769 6.8% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 828 1,449 0 0 654 156 639 7.2% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 570 27,600 12 0 0 81 27,507 121.6% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 291 134 00001341.8% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 60 129 0 0 127 0 2 7.2% 14 More than Rf 4,200 102 78 054 0 0246.0% Total all groups 26,009 46,853 106 1,154 3,228 2,693 39,671 12.7%

Table 07.2b.B2 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita expenditure groups (Excluding Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 1.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 41.2 58.8 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 6.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 51.8 47.3 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 16.9 100.0 0.0 7.8 5.1 13.7 73.5 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 12.0 100.0 0.0 20.8 11.6 12.4 55.2 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 15.2 100.0 0.0 0.5 19.3 13.7 66.5 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 14.6 100.0 3.4 10.2 6.8 14.8 64.8 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 15.8 100.0 0.6 4.2 17.3 15.5 62.4 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.7 100.0 0.0 6.7 1.4 8.7 83.1 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4.7 100.0 0.0 0.0 48.6 0.0 51.4 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 3.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 45.1 10.8 44.1 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 2.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 99.7 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 0.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 98.8 0.0 1.2 14 More than Rf 4,200 0.4 100.0 0.0 68.7 0.0 0.0 31.3 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 6.9 5.7 84.7

Page 34 Table 08.1a.A Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 394 640 0 0 0 439 200 250.6% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,201 1,278 26 0 61 813 378 43.9% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,838 1,954 0 392 157 628 777 19.5% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,527 1,907 0 118 387 247 1,155 10.5% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,540 2,167 50 190 58 260 1,609 7.8% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,289 2,253 0 209 79 412 1,552 7.3% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,825 2,963 119 129 307 389 2,019 5.1% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,783 4,331 0 0 1,388 111 2,832 7.4% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,269 2,571 44 11 8 483 2,025 4.0% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,803 1,629 0 2 221 252 1,154 3.6% 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,126 1,325 0 362 162 62 740 5.4% 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,065 2,371 23 203 26 563 1,556 3.6% 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,506 3,862 525 0 1,293 501 1,544 6.1% 14More than Rf 4,200 2,682 30,814 19 300 844 641 29,009 15.5% Total all groups 33,848 60,066 807 1,917 4,989 5,802 46,551 9.0%

Table 08.2a.A Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 1.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 68.7 31.3 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3.5 100.0 2.1 0.0 4.8 63.6 29.6 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5.4 100.0 0.0 20.1 8.0 32.1 39.8 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 7.5 100.0 0.0 6.2 20.3 12.9 60.6 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 10.5 100.0 2.3 8.8 2.7 12.0 74.3 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 9.7 100.0 0.0 9.3 3.5 18.3 68.9 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 14.3 100.0 4.0 4.4 10.4 13.1 68.1 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 11.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 32.0 2.6 65.4 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.7 100.0 1.7 0.4 0.3 18.8 78.8 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 5.3 100.0 0.0 0.1 13.5 15.5 70.8 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.3 100.0 0.0 27.3 12.2 4.7 55.8 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 6.1 100.0 1.0 8.6 1.1 23.7 65.6 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 4.4 100.0 13.6 0.0 33.5 13.0 40.0 14 More than Rf 4,200 7.9 100.0 0.1 1.0 2.7 2.1 94.1 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 1.3 3.2 8.3 9.7 77.5

Page 35 Table 08.1a.B1 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 111 304 0 0 0 220 84 1240.7% 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 61 400 0 0 0 385 16 269.9% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 67 70 0 0 14 0 56 17.1% 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 93 266 0 0 130 0 136 25.0% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 62 31 0 0 21 0 10 6.2% 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 150 510 0 110 0 277 124 19.7% 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 712 716 119 32 66 193 307 5.5% 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 701 1,379 0 0 743 111 524 10.7% 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 791 980 32 11 0 279 658 4.4% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 680 1,036 0 2 221 252 561 5.0% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 814 1,174 0 362 139 0 674 5.6% 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,085 1,744 5 0 16 563 1,160 5.2% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 949 2,276 525 0 411 501 839 5.6% 14More than Rf 4,200 1,563 2,326 19 246 0 329 1,731 1.8% Total all groups 7,839 13,213 700 763 1,761 3,109 6,879 4.4%

Table 08.2a.B1 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 1.4 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 72.4 27.6 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0.8 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 96.0 4.0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 0.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 20.3 0.0 79.7 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 1.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 48.8 0.0 51.2 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 0.8 100.0 0.0 0.0 68.6 0.0 31.4 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1.9 100.0 0.0 21.6 0.0 54.2 24.2 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9.1 100.0 16.6 4.5 9.2 27.0 42.8 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 8.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 53.9 8.1 38.0 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 10.1 100.0 3.3 1.1 0.0 28.4 67.1 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 8.7 100.0 0.0 0.2 21.3 24.3 54.2 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 10.4 100.0 0.0 30.8 11.8 0.0 57.4 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 13.8 100.0 0.3 0.0 0.9 32.3 66.5 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 12.1 100.0 23.1 0.0 18.1 22.0 36.9 14 More than Rf 4,200 19.9 100.0 0.8 10.6 0.0 14.1 74.4 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 5.3 5.8 13.3 23.5 52.1

Page 36 Table 08.1a.B2 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 283 335 0 0 0 219 116 145.4% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,140 878 26 0 61 428 362 31.7% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,770 1,884 0 392 142 628 721 19.6% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,434 1,641 0 118 257 247 1,019 9.6% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,478 2,136 50 190 37 260 1,599 7.8% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,139 1,742 0 99 79 136 1,428 6.2% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,113 2,247 0 98 241 196 1,712 5.0% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,082 2,953 0 0 645 0 2,308 6.5% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,478 1,591 12 0 8 205 1,367 3.7% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,123 593 00005932.5% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 312 151 0 0 22 62 67 4.2% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 981 628 18 203 10 0 396 1.9% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 557 1,587 0 0 881 0 705 7.2% 14More than Rf 4,200 1,119 28,488 0 54 844 312 27,278 41.5% Total all groups 26,009 46,853 106 1,154 3,228 2,693 39,671 12.7%

Table 08.2a.B2 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Including Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 1.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 65.3 34.7 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 4.4 100.0 3.0 0.0 7.0 48.8 41.2 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 6.8 100.0 0.0 20.8 7.6 33.3 38.3 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 9.4 100.0 0.0 7.2 15.7 15.0 62.1 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 13.4 100.0 2.4 8.9 1.7 12.2 74.9 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 12.1 100.0 0.0 5.7 4.5 7.8 82.0 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 15.8 100.0 0.0 4.3 10.7 8.7 76.2 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 11.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 21.8 0.0 78.2 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 9.5 100.0 0.7 0.0 0.5 12.9 85.9 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 4.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 14.9 41.0 44.1 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.8 100.0 2.9 32.3 1.6 0.0 63.2 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 55.5 0.0 44.5 14 More than Rf 4,200 4.3 100.0 0.0 0.2 3.0 1.1 95.8 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 6.9 5.7 84.7

Page 37 Table 08.1b.A Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 2,336 1,651 26 167 242 439 777 25.7% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3,005 2,734 0 533 202 813 1,186 16.9% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,329 2,529 50 110 91 628 1,650 8.2% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,807 2,638 119 95 203 247 1,976 7.7% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2,990 1,678 0 118 207 260 1,093 5.4% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,379 3,249 0 16 792 412 2,029 11.1% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,238 3,818 32 13 748 389 2,635 4.9% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 2,072 2,008 0 247 346 111 1,304 4.1% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,177 1,954 30 115 91 483 1,235 3.6% 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,096 1,375 0 0 211 252 912 4.6% 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,125 1,306 408 71 130 62 635 5.2% 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,168 1,813 0 132 14 563 1,104 3.2% 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,266 3,081 142 246 994 501 1,198 5.3% 14More than Rf 4,200 1,861 30,230 0 54 717 641 28,818 17.7% Total all groups 33,848 60,066 807 1,917 4,989 5,802 46,551 9.0%

Table 08.2b.A Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 0. Republic Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 6.9 100.0 1.6 10.1 14.7 26.6 47.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 8.9 100.0 0.0 19.5 7.4 29.7 43.4 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 12.8 100.0 2.0 4.4 3.6 24.8 65.2 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 11.2 100.0 4.5 3.6 7.7 9.4 74.9 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 8.8 100.0 0.0 7.1 12.4 15.5 65.1 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 7.0 100.0 0.0 0.5 24.4 12.7 62.5 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 12.5 100.0 0.8 0.3 19.6 10.2 69.0 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.1 100.0 0.0 12.3 17.2 5.6 64.9 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 6.4 100.0 1.5 5.9 4.7 24.7 63.2 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 3.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 15.4 18.3 66.3 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3.3 100.0 31.2 5.4 10.0 4.7 48.7 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 3.4 100.0 0.0 7.3 0.8 31.0 60.9 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 3.7 100.0 4.6 8.0 32.3 16.3 38.9 14 More than Rf 4,200 5.5 100.0 0.0 0.2 2.4 2.1 95.3 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 1.3 3.2 8.3 9.7 77.5

Page 38 Table 08.1b.B1 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 170 314 0 0 0 220 94 57.0% 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 111 460 0 0 0 385 75 73.6% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 237 218 0 110 14 0 94 7.9% 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 233 518 119 0 183 0 216 11.8% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 181 109 0 32 21 0 56 5.3% 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 475 1,384 0 0 738 277 369 17.1% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,167 1,225 32 13 38 193 948 4.3% 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 534 1,050 0 247 343 111 349 6.9% 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 950 884 0 115 91 279 400 3.0% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 779 1,339 0 0 201 252 885 6.9% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 714 1,049 408 0 130 0 511 6.8% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 590 1,307 0 0 0 563 744 5.2% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 720 1,476 142 246 0 501 587 3.7% 14 More than Rf 4,200 978 1,880 0 0 0 329 1,551 1.8% Total all groups 7,839 13,213 700 763 1,761 3,109 6,879 4.4%

Table 08.2b.B1 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 1. Male' Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 2.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 70.0 30.0 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1.4 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 83.6 16.4 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 3.0 100.0 0.0 50.5 6.5 0.0 43.0 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3.0 100.0 22.9 0.0 35.4 0.0 41.7 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2.3 100.0 0.0 29.2 19.6 0.0 51.2 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 6.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 53.3 20.0 26.7 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 14.9 100.0 2.6 1.1 3.1 15.8 77.4 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6.8 100.0 0.0 23.5 32.7 10.6 33.2 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 12.1 100.0 0.0 13.0 10.3 31.5 45.2 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 15.0 18.8 66.1 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 9.1 100.0 38.8 0.0 12.4 0.0 48.7 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 7.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43.1 56.9 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 9.2 100.0 9.6 16.7 0.0 33.9 39.8 14 More than Rf 4,200 12.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.5 82.5 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 5.3 5.8 13.3 23.5 52.1

Page 39 Table 08.1b.B2 Number of households and income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Transfers as Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free percentage of total Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation incomes 1 Less than Rf. 150 2,166 1,337 26 167 242 219 683 22.7% 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,894 2,274 0 533 202 428 1,111 14.6% 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 4,092 2,311 50 0 77 628 1,556 8.2% 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,574 2,120 0 95 19 247 1,759 7.1% 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2,809 1,569 0 86 186 260 1,037 5.4% 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,904 1,865 0 16 54 136 1,660 8.9% 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 3,071 2,593 0 0 710 196 1,687 5.2% 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,538 959 00309552.9% 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,227 1,070 30 0 0 205 835 4.3% 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 317 36 00100260.3% 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 410 257 0 71 0 62 124 2.7% 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 578 506 0 132 14 0 360 1.6% 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 547 1,605 0 0 994 0 611 9.0% 14 More than Rf 4,200 883 28,350 0 54 717 312 27,267 44.4% Total all groups 26,009 46,853 106 1,154 3,228 2,693 39,671 12.7%

Table 08.2b.B2 Percentage distribution of income transfers by type and per capita income groups (Excluding Rent) 2. Atolls Transfers and gifts (in cash and kind) (Rufiyaa per month) Per Capita Number of Assistance from Assistance from Other sources of Rent-free Total Transfers Gifts in kind Expenditure Group Households government family and friends cash transfers accommodation 1 Less than Rf. 150 8.3 100.0 2.0 12.5 18.1 16.4 51.1 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 11.1 100.0 0.0 23.5 8.9 18.8 48.8 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 15.7 100.0 2.2 0.0 3.3 27.2 67.3 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 13.7 100.0 0.0 4.5 0.9 11.6 83.0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 10.8 100.0 0.0 5.5 11.8 16.6 66.1 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 7.3 100.0 0.0 0.8 2.9 7.3 89.0 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 11.8 100.0 0.0 0.0 27.4 7.6 65.1 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5.9 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 99.6 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4.7 100.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 19.1 78.1 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1.2 100.0 0.0 0.0 27.7 0.0 72.3 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1.6 100.0 0.0 27.7 0.0 24.1 48.3 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2.2 100.0 0.0 26.0 2.8 0.0 71.1 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2.1 100.0 0.0 0.0 61.9 0.0 38.1 14 More than Rf 4,200 3.4 100.0 0.0 0.2 2.5 1.1 96.2 Total all groups 100.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 6.9 5.7 84.7

Page 40 Table 09a.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 29,291 0 506 1,023 2,797 3,584 4,702 5,779 4,360 1,989 1,362 1,062 1,016 637 474 5 – 9 36,153 0 362 1,233 3,578 5,065 4,537 8,430 5,160 2,736 1,303 735 1,923 613 477 10 – 14 45,114 0 202 1,569 4,324 4,949 6,136 11,976 6,358 2,430 2,221 1,027 1,966 1,143 812 15 – 19 39,866 0 224 1,093 3,352 5,366 3,381 8,761 5,696 3,197 2,978 997 2,793 1,387 641 20 – 24 25,778 0 46 669 1,761 3,340 2,236 5,439 3,347 2,113 1,870 974 1,800 999 1,185 25 – 29 18,778 0 85 206 829 2,283 2,278 3,390 2,761 2,022 1,444 649 1,198 702 931 30 – 34 18,026 0 143 316 854 1,593 2,746 3,426 2,906 1,277 1,278 511 1,371 957 649 35 – 39 18,576 42 382 512 1,274 1,698 2,078 4,152 2,585 1,422 846 635 1,446 826 678 40 – 44 13,591 0 0 388 1,134 1,113 1,099 4,106 1,327 808 931 448 1,205 431 602 45 – 49 9,238 0 0 86 841 911 795 1,958 1,317 1,137 476 504 588 297 328 50 – 54 6,147 0 116 107 468 643 724 995 760 599 294 256 344 682 159 55 – 59 5,204 0 0 338 225 693 414 1,262 604 565 380 42 395 84 202 60 – 64 6,585 0 147 105 400 835 982 1,387 587 894 352 268 204 356 66 65 – 69 3,656 0 0 95 232 277 448 920 422 520 485 107 97 18 35 70 + 6,804 0 0 90 514 565 700 1,524 1,006 931 533 242 356 118 225

Total 282,808 42 2,213 7,831 22,583 32,915 33,256 63,505 39,196 22,640 16,753 8,457 16,704 9,250 7,463

Table 09a.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 13,658 0 201 342 1,327 1,873 1,858 3,165 1,736 807 630 540 558 341 279 5 – 9 16,455 0 194 464 1,567 2,230 1,725 4,168 2,624 1,030 542 337 933 248 392 10 – 14 19,751 0 125 757 2,108 2,230 2,460 5,606 2,930 1,177 705 382 527 556 190 15 – 19 20,829 0 70 524 1,751 2,473 1,643 4,280 3,001 1,486 1,826 464 1,964 955 391 20 – 24 14,301 0 46 524 1,244 2,098 1,297 2,989 1,671 1,092 813 646 613 402 867 25 – 29 10,853 0 41 79 416 1,166 1,886 1,706 1,612 1,172 826 421 695 395 437 30 – 34 9,503 0 66 268 588 896 1,000 2,273 1,488 626 416 274 750 551 307 35 – 39 10,182 42 182 312 713 882 954 2,642 1,330 695 552 386 614 331 548 40 – 44 6,409 0 0 202 501 447 505 1,830 640 405 524 288 669 242 154 45 – 49 4,999 0 0 86 517 419 416 960 738 725 290 246 423 179 0 50 – 54 2,789 0 70 61 200 376 259 380 368 235 134 70 172 368 95 55 – 59 2,305 0 0 66 174 321 223 547 283 389 117 0 95 43 47 60 – 64 2,530 0 70 42 46 181 529 539 193 276 187 204 20 178 66 65 – 69 1,899 0 0 95 179 227 174 407 218 316 152 0 97 0 35 70 + 2,867 0 0 44 181 164 378 650 284 477 268 149 135 47 88

Total 139,330 42 1,063 3,865 11,512 15,985 15,308 32,143 19,116 10,906 7,981 4,409 8,268 4,837 3,896

Page 41 Table 09a.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 15,633 0 305 681 1,469 1,711 2,844 2,614 2,624 1,182 732 522 458 296 195 5 – 9 19,698 0 168 769 2,011 2,835 2,812 4,261 2,536 1,706 762 398 989 365 85 10 – 14 25,363 0 77 812 2,216 2,719 3,677 6,371 3,428 1,254 1,516 645 1,439 588 622 15 – 19 19,037 0 154 568 1,601 2,893 1,737 4,481 2,696 1,712 1,152 533 828 432 250 20 – 24 11,477 0 0 145 517 1,242 939 2,449 1,675 1,022 1,057 327 1,188 597 318 25 – 29 7,925 0 45 127 413 1,117 391 1,685 1,149 850 618 227 503 307 494 30 – 34 8,524 0 77 48 266 697 1,746 1,153 1,418 651 862 236 621 407 342 35 – 39 8,394 0 200 201 561 816 1,124 1,510 1,255 728 294 249 832 495 129 40 – 44 7,182 0 0 186 634 666 594 2,276 687 403 406 160 535 189 447 45 – 49 4,239 0 0 0 323 492 379 998 579 413 187 258 165 118 328 50 – 54 3,359 0 46 46 268 267 465 614 392 364 160 186 172 314 65 55 – 59 2,899 0 0 273 50 372 191 715 321 176 263 42 299 42 154 60 – 64 4,054 0 77 64 355 654 452 849 394 617 165 65 185 177 0 65 – 69 1,757 0 0 0 54 50 274 513 204 205 333 107 0 18 0 70 + 3,938 0 0 46 333 401 322 874 722 454 265 93 222 71 137

Total 143,478 0 1,150 3,966 11,072 16,930 17,948 31,362 20,080 11,734 8,772 4,048 8,436 4,414 3,567

Table 09a.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 5,335 0 0 0 20 105 80 759 894 620 903 289 785 406 474 5 – 9 7,494 0 0 32 54 398 189 1,352 1,537 807 703 321 1,207 466 429 10 – 14 9,027 0 0 18 49 166 229 1,340 1,949 983 939 436 1,259 846 812 15 – 19 14,212 0 0 0 124 830 275 2,491 2,498 1,142 1,935 685 2,319 1,321 592 20 – 24 10,112 0 0 0 34 461 162 1,577 1,501 1,143 1,076 643 1,411 919 1,185 25 – 29 5,767 0 0 0 20 199 129 762 601 873 967 186 738 482 811 30 – 34 6,012 0 0 0 22 132 142 664 1,155 515 872 197 930 734 649 35 – 39 6,060 0 0 16 0 182 312 864 912 507 639 180 1,258 563 629 40 – 44 3,974 0 0 0 25 162 0 657 446 388 311 136 915 385 548 45 – 49 2,795 0 0 0 0 73 100 278 419 487 197 266 349 297 328 50 – 54 1,450 0 0 0 0 96 65 28 173 48 105 0 214 561 159 55 – 59 1,476 0 0 18 0 102 22 154 134 155 263 42 395 43 148 60 – 64 1,018 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 290 170 110 65 47 275 0 65 – 69 554 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 203 187 107 40 18 0 70 + 672 0 0 0 0 0 58 0 90 156 0 45 85 118 120

Total 75,957 0 0 83 348 2,908 1,762 10,990 12,599 8,196 9,205 3,598 11,951 7,433 6,885

Page 42 Table 09a.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 2,899 0 0 0 20 63 58 250 405 446 374 199 466 341 279 5 – 9 3,305 0 0 32 32 151 59 517 822 231 287 78 546 206 343 10 – 14 3,675 0 0 0 0 35 77 522 792 589 368 156 448 498 190 15 – 19 8,098 0 0 0 44 194 210 1,345 1,316 502 1,272 295 1,689 889 342 20 – 24 4,663 0 0 0 12 235 77 635 637 564 284 473 476 402 867 25 – 29 2,720 0 0 0 20 102 0 164 306 401 583 118 397 258 372 30 – 34 3,045 0 0 0 0 43 77 447 643 238 273 104 481 432 307 35 – 39 3,147 0 0 16 0 43 95 473 409 224 421 115 614 237 499 40 – 44 1,737 0 0 0 12 92 0 147 149 199 169 82 489 242 154 45 – 49 1,304 0 0 0 0 35 58 177 204 179 116 173 184 179 0 50 – 54 698 0 0 0 0 58 0 28 75 0 40 0 114 289 95 55 – 59 433 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 47 84 79 0 95 43 47 60 – 64 340 00000009810520020970 65 – 69 143 00000000465804000 70 + 249 0000058001600404788

Total 36,457 0 0 47 138 1,088 769 4,705 5,903 3,824 4,344 1,795 6,099 4,160 3,584

Table 09a.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 2,436 0 0 0 0 42 22 510 489 174 529 91 319 65 195 5 – 9 4,189 0 0 0 22 247 129 835 714 576 416 243 661 260 85 10 – 14 5,352 0 0 18 49 131 152 818 1,157 394 571 280 811 348 622 15 – 19 6,114 0 0 0 80 636 65 1,146 1,182 640 663 390 629 432 250 20 – 24 5,449 0 0 0 22 226 85 943 864 578 791 170 935 517 318 25 – 29 3,046 0 0 0 0 96 129 598 295 472 384 67 341 223 440 30 – 34 2,967 0 0 0 22 89 65 217 512 277 599 93 448 302 342 35 – 39 2,913 0 0 0 0 139 216 391 503 282 218 65 644 327 129 40 – 44 2,237 0 0 0 13 70 0 510 297 189 141 54 426 142 394 45 – 49 1,490 0 0 0 0 39 42 101 214 308 82 93 165 118 328 50 – 54 751 0 0 0 0 39 65 0 98 48 65 0 100 272 65 55 – 59 1,043 0 0 18 0 65 22 154 87 71 184 42 299 0 101 60 – 64 678 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 192 65 90 65 27 177 0 65 – 69 410 000000001571291070180 70 + 423 000000090141045457132

Total 39,500 0 0 36 209 1,820 993 6,285 6,695 4,372 4,861 1,803 5,852 3,273 3,301

Page 43 Table 09a.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 23,956 0 506 1,023 2,777 3,479 4,622 5,020 3,466 1,369 459 773 231 232 0 5 – 9 28,659 0 362 1,201 3,524 4,667 4,349 7,078 3,624 1,929 601 415 715 147 49 10 – 14 36,087 0 202 1,551 4,275 4,783 5,907 10,636 4,409 1,447 1,282 591 707 297 0 15 – 19 25,654 0 224 1,093 3,228 4,536 3,106 6,270 3,198 2,055 1,044 312 474 66 49 20 – 24 15,666 0 46 669 1,727 2,879 2,074 3,861 1,846 971 794 331 390 79 0 25 – 29 13,011 0 85 206 809 2,084 2,148 2,629 2,160 1,149 477 463 460 220 119 30 – 34 12,014 0 143 316 831 1,461 2,604 2,763 1,751 762 406 313 441 223 0 35 – 39 12,516 42 382 497 1,274 1,516 1,766 3,288 1,673 916 207 455 188 263 49 40 – 44 9,617 0 0 388 1,109 951 1,099 3,449 881 419 620 312 289 46 54 45 – 49 6,443 0 0 86 841 838 695 1,679 899 650 279 238 240 0 0 50 – 54 4,698 0 116 107 468 547 660 966 587 550 189 256 130 121 0 55 – 59 3,728 0 0 320 225 591 392 1,108 470 410 117 0 0 42 54 60 – 64 5,567 0 147 105 400 835 982 1,325 297 724 243 204 158 81 66 65 – 69 3,102 0 0 95 232 277 448 920 422 318 298 0 58 0 35 70 + 6,133 0 0 90 514 565 642 1,524 916 775 533 197 272 0 105

Total 206,851 42 2,213 7,747 22,236 30,007 31,494 52,515 26,598 14,444 7,547 4,859 4,753 1,817 578

Table 09a.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 10,759 0 201 342 1,308 1,810 1,800 2,916 1,331 362 256 342 92 0 0 5 – 9 13,150 0 194 433 1,535 2,079 1,666 3,652 1,802 799 254 260 387 42 49 10 – 14 16,076 0 125 757 2,108 2,196 2,382 5,084 2,138 587 337 226 79 58 0 15 – 19 12,731 0 70 524 1,708 2,279 1,433 2,935 1,685 984 554 169 275 66 49 20 – 24 9,638 0 46 524 1,232 1,863 1,220 2,355 1,034 527 528 173 137 0 0 25 – 29 8,132 0 41 79 396 1,064 1,886 1,542 1,306 771 244 303 298 137 66 30 – 34 6,457 0 66 268 588 853 923 1,827 845 387 143 170 269 119 0 35 – 39 7,035 42 182 296 713 839 859 2,169 921 470 130 271 0 95 49 40 – 44 4,672 0 0 202 489 355 505 1,683 491 206 355 206 180 0 0 45 – 49 3,694 0 0 86 517 385 358 783 534 546 174 73 240 0 0 50 – 54 2,090 0 70 61 200 319 259 352 293 235 94 70 58 80 0 55 – 59 1,872 0 0 66 174 284 223 547 235 305 37 0 0 0 0 60 – 64 2,191 0 70 42 46 181 529 539 95 171 167 204 0 81 66 65 – 69 1,756 0 0 95 179 227 174 407 218 270 95 0 58 0 35 70 + 2,618 0 0 44 181 164 321 650 284 461 268 149 95 0 0

Total 102,873 42 1,063 3,818 11,373 14,897 14,539 27,438 13,213 7,082 3,637 2,614 2,168 677 312

Page 44 Table 09a.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (including rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 13,197 0 305 681 1,469 1,668 2,822 2,104 2,135 1,008 203 431 139 232 0 5 – 9 15,509 0 168 769 1,989 2,588 2,683 3,426 1,821 1,130 346 155 328 105 0 10 – 14 20,011 0 77 794 2,167 2,587 3,525 5,552 2,271 860 945 365 628 240 0 15 – 19 12,923 0 154 568 1,520 2,257 1,673 3,334 1,513 1,071 489 143 199 0 0 20 – 24 6,028 0 0 145 495 1,017 854 1,507 812 443 266 157 253 79 0 25 – 29 4,878 0 45 127 413 1,020 262 1,087 854 377 233 160 162 83 54 30 – 34 5,557 0 77 48 244 607 1,681 936 906 374 264 143 172 105 0 35 – 39 5,481 0 200 201 561 677 908 1,119 752 445 77 185 188 168 0 40 – 44 4,945 0 0 186 620 595 594 1,766 390 214 265 106 109 46 54 45 – 49 2,749 0 0 0 323 453 336 897 365 105 105 165 0 0 0 50 – 54 2,607 0 46 46 268 228 400 614 294 315 95 186 72 41 0 55 – 59 1,856 0 0 255 50 307 169 561 235 105 80 0 0 42 54 60 – 64 3,376 0 77 64 355 654 452 787 202 553 76 0 158 0 0 65 – 69 1,346 0 0 0 54 50 274 513 204 48 203 0 0 0 0 70 + 3,515 0 0 46 333 401 322 874 632 313 265 48 177 0 105

Total 103,978 0 1,150 3,930 10,863 15,110 16,955 25,077 13,385 7,362 3,911 2,245 2,584 1,140 266

Page 45 Table 09b.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 29,291 172 1,859 4,068 3,919 4,871 3,857 4,671 2,219 1,087 1,034 500 471 285 277 5 – 9 36,153 171 1,466 5,902 5,092 5,528 5,540 6,119 1,806 1,747 1,503 543 438 143 156 10 – 14 45,114 84 2,398 7,129 5,330 8,136 6,988 6,483 2,441 2,111 1,556 1,058 796 435 170 15 – 19 39,866 0 1,882 6,056 4,158 5,865 5,663 7,161 2,985 2,335 1,495 874 759 306 327 20 – 24 25,778 0 1,239 3,624 2,798 3,736 3,382 3,283 2,311 2,075 1,132 762 427 174 837 25 – 29 18,778 0 550 2,086 1,606 2,919 2,263 3,643 1,811 898 1,209 456 470 142 723 30 – 34 18,026 38 690 1,547 1,909 3,069 2,642 2,643 1,550 1,304 797 688 398 270 484 35 – 39 18,576 125 854 2,067 2,134 3,138 2,694 2,909 1,484 792 898 337 483 552 108 40 – 44 13,591 0 672 1,542 1,703 1,988 2,180 1,515 1,062 1,098 779 282 277 170 322 45 – 49 9,238 0 236 1,453 1,150 1,207 881 1,765 886 648 325 417 42 118 110 50 – 54 6,147 46 405 705 658 822 809 1,009 376 275 318 373 270 81 0 55 – 59 5,204 42 364 814 381 759 810 755 667 132 291 47 89 0 54 60 – 64 6,585 0 479 986 605 1,039 909 817 995 264 152 226 112 0 0 65 – 69 3,656 54 262 442 182 604 617 705 670 67 0 18 0 35 0 70 + 6,804 119 228 1,217 700 951 642 1,205 646 399 82 272 105 179 60

Total 282,808 851 13,585 39,637 32,324 44,633 39,876 44,684 21,910 15,234 11,569 6,854 5,135 2,889 3,627

Table 09b.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 13,658 38 814 2,047 1,558 2,470 2,006 1,994 746 660 597 269 220 111 128 5 – 9 16,455 42 658 2,673 2,001 2,760 2,623 2,644 996 523 798 317 206 58 156 10 – 14 19,751 84 965 3,306 2,642 3,312 3,306 2,893 1,245 648 769 232 141 169 39 15 – 19 20,829 0 654 3,216 1,913 2,734 3,010 3,712 1,721 1,407 971 536 473 306 177 20 – 24 14,301 0 836 2,349 1,734 2,182 1,651 1,784 958 935 579 348 284 75 586 25 – 29 10,853 0 299 1,109 1,081 1,562 1,447 2,021 1,164 564 721 296 217 110 262 30 – 34 9,503 38 469 941 906 1,527 1,652 1,401 596 618 288 351 304 178 233 35 – 39 10,182 84 497 1,158 1,163 1,809 1,491 1,534 799 385 482 177 242 253 108 40 – 44 6,409 0 316 796 673 965 899 727 582 584 383 240 90 60 95 45 – 49 4,999 0 197 887 429 696 561 917 567 367 115 220 42 0 0 50 – 54 2,789 0 277 373 205 329 255 556 167 151 138 100 222 16 0 55 – 59 2,305 0 38 420 231 447 446 196 386 0 95 0 47 0 0 60 – 64 2,530 0 116 402 202 210 520 348 211 127 152 178 66 0 0 65 – 69 1,899 0 185 391 132 203 240 317 397 0 0 0 0 35 0 70 + 2,867 119 86 417 314 458 266 482 279 132 82 95 0 76 60

Total 139,330 404 6,405 20,487 15,184 21,663 20,374 21,525 10,813 7,101 6,170 3,360 2,555 1,446 1,843

Page 46 Table 09b.1.A Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 0. Republic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 15,633 134 1,045 2,021 2,361 2,402 1,851 2,677 1,473 426 437 232 251 174 148 5 – 9 19,698 129 808 3,228 3,090 2,768 2,916 3,475 810 1,224 705 226 231 85 0 10 – 14 25,363 0 1,433 3,823 2,688 4,823 3,682 3,590 1,196 1,463 787 826 655 265 132 15 – 19 19,037 0 1,228 2,839 2,246 3,131 2,652 3,450 1,265 929 523 338 287 0 150 20 – 24 11,477 0 402 1,275 1,064 1,553 1,731 1,499 1,353 1,140 553 414 143 98 251 25 – 29 7,925 0 252 977 525 1,358 816 1,622 647 334 488 160 252 32 462 30 – 34 8,524 0 221 606 1,003 1,542 990 1,241 954 686 509 337 94 92 250 35 – 39 8,394 42 357 908 971 1,329 1,203 1,376 686 406 417 160 241 299 0 40 – 44 7,182 0 356 746 1,030 1,024 1,281 788 480 515 396 42 187 110 227 45 – 49 4,239 0 39 566 721 511 319 848 319 281 210 197 0 118 110 50 – 54 3,359 46 128 331 453 493 554 453 209 124 180 273 48 65 0 55 – 59 2,899 42 327 394 150 312 364 560 281 132 195 47 42 0 54 60 – 64 4,054 0 364 585 403 830 389 468 785 138 0 48 46 0 0 65 – 69 1,757 54 77 50 50 402 377 388 273 67 0 18 0 0 0 70 + 3,938 0 142 799 386 492 377 723 367 267 0 177 105 103 0

Total 143,478 447 7,179 19,151 17,140 22,969 19,503 23,159 11,098 8,133 5,399 3,494 2,580 1,442 1,784

Table 09b.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 5,335 0 0 105 296 347 851 835 853 726 329 285 274 158 277 5 – 9 7,494 0 108 256 367 1,288 863 1,912 485 795 651 400 119 143 107 10 – 14 9,027 0 73 136 359 1,064 1,675 1,546 1,016 856 780 551 422 377 170 15 – 19 14,212 0 405 450 982 1,596 2,191 2,838 1,351 1,552 1,169 447 675 278 278 20 – 24 10,112 0 73 370 886 983 1,269 1,554 982 1,500 764 371 380 143 837 25 – 29 5,767 0 0 159 222 545 691 1,206 804 416 497 224 192 142 669 30 – 34 6,012 0 0 108 246 669 928 872 739 778 402 322 253 213 484 35 – 39 6,060 0 0 246 494 577 816 962 868 575 500 283 191 489 60 40 – 44 3,974 0 35 139 537 178 528 462 498 332 495 102 230 170 268 45 – 49 2,795 0 73 0 135 481 229 448 525 332 88 257 0 118 110 50 – 54 1,450 0 96 0 100 105 109 122 97 76 213 260 191 81 0 55 – 59 1,476 0 65 56 0 179 109 293 299 91 291 47 47 0 0 60 – 64 1,018 0 0 100 22 138 92 207 250 92 20 97 0 0 0 65 – 69 554 0 0 0 0 53 18 303 162 0 0 18 0 0 0 70 + 672 0 0 0 0 58 16 177 53 90 40 0 0 179 60

Total 75,957 0 929 2,124 4,647 8,261 10,386 13,737 8,982 8,209 6,238 3,661 2,974 2,488 3,319

Page 47 Table 09b.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 2,899 0 0 63 102 204 402 407 367 472 246 177 220 111 128 5 – 9 3,305 0 69 137 219 398 448 716 281 277 288 268 39 58 107 10 – 14 3,675 0 35 0 148 353 717 648 492 332 468 232 100 112 39 15 – 19 8,098 0 69 105 587 906 1,130 1,640 847 923 789 261 435 278 128 20 – 24 4,663 0 35 161 411 419 440 771 411 491 368 211 284 75 586 25 – 29 2,720 0 0 63 59 129 287 579 467 305 210 158 91 110 262 30 – 34 3,045 0 0 86 47 328 515 532 303 381 145 194 159 121 233 35 – 39 3,147 0 0 59 241 364 355 499 433 249 310 177 147 253 60 40 – 44 1,737 0 35 38 153 60 219 237 191 244 215 102 90 60 95 45 – 49 1,304 0 35 0 40 309 181 141 342 156 43 60 0 0 0 50 – 54 698 0 58 0 47 40 16 58 97 24 100 100 142 16 0 55 – 59 433 0 0 38 0 47 0 84 122 0 95 0 47 0 0 60 – 64 340 0 047 035167747 02097 0 0 0 65 – 69 143 0000004697000000 70 + 249 0000581600040007660

Total 36,457 0 334 796 2,055 3,650 4,743 6,434 4,498 3,854 3,339 2,037 1,754 1,268 1,697

Table 09b.1.B1 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 1. Male' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 2,436 0 0 42 194 143 449 428 486 254 83 108 54 47 148 5 – 9 4,189 0 39 119 147 890 416 1,196 204 518 362 132 81 85 0 10 – 14 5,352 0 39 136 211 711 958 898 524 524 312 318 322 265 132 15 – 19 6,114 0 336 344 396 690 1,060 1,199 504 628 380 186 240 0 150 20 – 24 5,449 0 39 209 475 564 829 783 571 1,010 395 160 96 67 251 25 – 29 3,046 0 0 96 164 415 404 626 336 110 286 66 102 32 408 30 – 34 2,967 0 0 22 199 341 413 340 436 396 257 127 94 92 250 35 – 39 2,913 0 0 187 253 213 461 463 435 327 190 106 43 236 0 40 – 44 2,237 0 0 101 384 119 309 226 307 87 280 0 140 110 174 45 – 49 1,490 0 39 0 95 172 48 307 183 176 45 197 0 118 110 50 – 54 751 0 39 0 53 65 93 65 0 52 113 160 48 65 0 55 – 59 1,043 0 65 18 0 132 109 210 177 91 195 47 0 0 0 60 – 64 678 0 0 53 22 104 76 129 202 92 0 0 0 0 0 65 – 69 410 0 0 0 0 53 18 257 65 0 0 18 0 0 0 70 + 423 0 0 0 0 0 0 177 53 90 0 0 0 103 0

Total 39,500 0 595 1,328 2,592 4,612 5,643 7,303 4,485 4,355 2,899 1,624 1,220 1,220 1,622

Page 48 Table 09b.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes 0 – 4 23,956 172 1,859 3,963 3,623 4,525 3,006 3,836 1,366 361 705 216 197 127 0 5 – 9 28,659 171 1,358 5,646 4,725 4,240 4,676 4,207 1,321 952 852 143 319 0 49 10 – 14 36,087 84 2,325 6,992 4,970 7,072 5,313 4,937 1,424 1,255 776 508 374 58 0 15 – 19 25,654 0 1,476 5,606 3,176 4,268 3,472 4,323 1,634 784 325 428 84 28 49 20 – 24 15,666 0 1,165 3,254 1,912 2,752 2,113 1,729 1,329 575 368 391 46 31 0 25 – 29 13,011 0 550 1,927 1,383 2,375 1,572 2,437 1,008 483 712 233 277 0 54 30 – 34 12,014 38 690 1,440 1,663 2,400 1,713 1,771 810 526 394 366 145 58 0 35 – 39 12,516 125 854 1,821 1,640 2,561 1,878 1,948 616 217 398 54 292 64 49 40 – 44 9,617 0 638 1,403 1,166 1,810 1,652 1,053 564 767 284 180 46 0 54 45 – 49 6,443 0 163 1,453 1,015 726 652 1,318 361 316 238 160 42 0 0 50 – 54 4,698 46 309 705 558 717 700 886 279 199 105 113 80 0 0 55 – 59 3,728 42 300 758 381 580 701 462 368 41 0 0 42 0 54 60 – 64 5,567 0 479 886 583 901 817 610 746 173 132 129 112 0 0 65 – 69 3,102 54 262 442 182 551 599 402 508 67 0 0 0 35 0 70 + 6,133 119 228 1,217 700 893 626 1,028 593 310 42 272 105 0 0

Total 206,851 851 12,656 37,514 27,677 36,371 29,490 30,947 12,928 7,025 5,331 3,193 2,161 400 308

Table 09b.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Males 0 – 4 10,759 38 814 1,985 1,456 2,266 1,604 1,587 379 189 351 92 0 0 0 5 – 9 13,150 42 589 2,536 1,782 2,362 2,176 1,927 715 246 509 49 168 0 49 10 – 14 16,076 84 931 3,306 2,494 2,960 2,589 2,246 752 315 301 0 42 58 0 15 – 19 12,731 0 585 3,111 1,326 1,827 1,880 2,072 874 484 182 275 38 28 49 20 – 24 9,638 0 802 2,188 1,322 1,763 1,211 1,013 547 444 211 137 0 0 0 25 – 29 8,132 0 299 1,046 1,022 1,433 1,160 1,441 697 259 511 138 127 0 0 30 – 34 6,457 38 469 856 859 1,199 1,137 869 293 237 143 156 145 58 0 35 – 39 7,035 84 497 1,100 922 1,445 1,136 1,034 366 137 172 0 95 0 49 40 – 44 4,672 0 281 758 519 905 680 491 392 339 169 138 0 0 0 45 – 49 3,694 0 163 887 390 387 381 777 225 212 73 160 42 0 0 50 – 54 2,090 0 219 373 158 289 239 498 70 127 37 0 80 0 0 55 – 59 1,872 0 38 382 231 399 446 112 264 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 – 64 2,191 0 116 355 202 175 504 271 163 127 132 81 66 0 0 65 – 69 1,756 0 185 391 132 203 240 271 299 0 0 0 0 35 0 70 + 2,618 119 86 417 314 401 250 482 279 132 42 95 0 0 0

Total 102,873 404 6,072 19,691 13,129 18,014 15,631 15,091 6,315 3,247 2,831 1,323 801 178 146

Page 49 Table 09b.B2 Number of persons by age group, sex and expenditure group (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Age group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females 0 – 4 13,197 134 1,045 1,979 2,168 2,259 1,402 2,249 987 172 354 123 197 127 0 5 – 9 15,509 129 769 3,110 2,943 1,878 2,500 2,279 606 706 343 94 151 0 0 10 – 14 20,011 0 1,394 3,686 2,477 4,112 2,724 2,692 672 939 475 508 332 0 0 15 – 19 12,923 0 892 2,495 1,850 2,441 1,592 2,251 760 300 143 153 46 0 0 20 – 24 6,028 0 363 1,066 590 989 902 716 783 130 157 254 46 31 0 25 – 29 4,878 0 252 881 361 942 412 996 311 223 201 94 151 0 54 30 – 34 5,557 0 221 584 804 1,201 577 902 518 290 252 209 0 0 0 35 – 39 5,481 42 357 722 718 1,116 742 913 251 80 226 54 197 64 0 40 – 44 4,945 0 356 645 647 905 972 562 172 427 116 42 46 0 54 45 – 49 2,749 0 0 566 625 339 271 541 136 105 165 0 0 0 0 50 – 54 2,607 46 89 331 400 429 461 388 209 73 67 113 0 0 0 55 – 59 1,856 42 262 376 150 181 255 350 105 41 0 0 42 0 54 60 – 64 3,376 0 364 531 381 726 313 339 582 46 0 48 46 0 0 65 – 69 1,346 54 77 50 50 348 359 131 209 67 0 0 0 0 0 70 + 3,515 0 142 799 386 492 377 546 313 177 0 177 105 0 0

Total 103,978 447 6,584 17,823 14,548 18,357 13,860 15,856 6,613 3,778 2,500 1,870 1,359 222 161

Page 50 Table 10a.1.A Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 0. Republic 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 71,749 0 438 1,205 3,761 6,938 6,657 14,778 10,892 6,550 5,268 2,794 5,664 3,477 3,328 Studying/on training 30,763 0 0 1,030 2,293 4,047 2,516 6,349 4,282 2,386 2,471 871 2,430 1,500 589 Doing housework 40,950 0 481 991 3,514 4,786 5,058 9,433 4,743 3,458 1,991 1,491 2,550 1,372 1,081 Doing nothing specific 28,788 42 224 780 2,315 3,546 3,650 6,760 3,401 3,091 2,136 477 1,155 508 702 Total 172,250 42 1,143 4,006 11,884 19,317 17,881 37,320 23,318 15,484 11,867 5,633 11,799 6,857 5,699 Males Economic activity 20,250 0 70 299 851 1,455 1,446 3,772 3,470 2,230 1,700 1,165 1,555 1,208 1,031 Studying/on training 16,715 0 0 549 1,128 2,260 1,207 3,405 2,330 1,208 1,396 350 1,585 938 360 Doing housework 39,170 0 404 945 3,263 4,521 4,980 9,117 4,498 3,329 1,887 1,375 2,505 1,319 1,027 Doing nothing specific 13,331 42 70 510 1,268 1,416 1,633 2,910 1,528 1,125 1,122 260 605 227 616 Total 89,466 42 544 2,302 6,509 9,651 9,266 19,203 11,826 7,892 6,105 3,150 6,249 3,692 3,035 Females Economic activity 51,499 0 368 906 2,910 5,483 5,211 11,006 7,422 4,320 3,568 1,629 4,109 2,269 2,297 Studying/on training 14,048 0 0 481 1,165 1,787 1,309 2,944 1,952 1,178 1,075 521 846 562 229 Doing housework 1,780 0 77 46 251 266 78 316 245 129 105 116 45 53 53 Doing nothing specific 15,457 0 154 270 1,048 2,130 2,017 3,850 1,873 1,965 1,014 217 550 281 86 Total 82,783 0 600 1,704 5,375 9,666 8,615 18,116 11,492 7,592 5,762 2,483 5,549 3,165 2,665 Table 10a.2.A Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 0. Republic (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.6 1.7 5.2 9.7 9.3 20.6 15.2 9.1 7.3 3.9 7.9 4.8 4.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 7.5 13.2 8.2 20.6 13.9 7.8 8.0 2.8 7.9 4.9 1.9 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.2 2.4 8.6 11.7 12.4 23.0 11.6 8.4 4.9 3.6 6.2 3.4 2.6 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.1 0.8 2.7 8.0 12.3 12.7 23.5 11.8 10.7 7.4 1.7 4.0 1.8 2.4 Total 100.0 0.0 0.7 2.3 6.9 11.2 10.4 21.7 13.5 9.0 6.9 3.3 6.8 4.0 3.3 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.3 1.5 4.2 7.2 7.1 18.6 17.1 11.0 8.4 5.8 7.7 6.0 5.1 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 6.7 13.5 7.2 20.4 13.9 7.2 8.4 2.1 9.5 5.6 2.2 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.0 2.4 8.3 11.5 12.7 23.3 11.5 8.5 4.8 3.5 6.4 3.4 2.6 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.3 0.5 3.8 9.5 10.6 12.2 21.8 11.5 8.4 8.4 2.0 4.5 1.7 4.6 Total 100.0 0.0 0.6 2.6 7.3 10.8 10.4 21.5 13.2 8.8 6.8 3.5 7.0 4.1 3.4 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.7 1.8 5.7 10.6 10.1 21.4 14.4 8.4 6.9 3.2 8.0 4.4 4.5 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.4 8.3 12.7 9.3 21.0 13.9 8.4 7.7 3.7 6.0 4.0 1.6 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 4.3 2.6 14.1 14.9 4.4 17.8 13.8 7.2 5.9 6.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 1.0 1.7 6.8 13.8 13.1 24.9 12.1 12.7 6.6 1.4 3.6 1.8 0.6 Total 100.0 0.0 0.7 2.1 6.5 11.7 10.4 21.9 13.9 9.2 7.0 3.0 6.7 3.8 3.2

Page 51 Table 10a.1.B1 Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 1. Male' 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 24,820 0 0 16 92 1,046 448 3,320 3,260 2,412 3,142 1,126 4,160 2,717 3,081 Studying/on training 11,068 0 0 0 25 595 187 1,558 1,891 824 1,419 635 1,893 1,500 540 Doing housework 10,495 0 0 0 63 349 230 1,393 1,757 1,122 1,051 492 1,952 1,118 966 Doing nothing specific 7,719 0 0 18 45 248 399 1,268 1,310 1,428 1,049 298 694 381 582 Total 54,101 0 0 34 225 2,238 1,265 7,538 8,219 5,786 6,661 2,552 8,700 5,715 5,170 Males Economic activity 6,814 0 0 16 12 181 38 580 695 699 1,026 532 1,069 971 996 Studying/on training 6,145 0 0 0 12 194 58 961 953 403 744 219 1,351 938 312 Doing housework 10,117 0 0 0 63 349 230 1,371 1,682 993 1,051 492 1,908 1,065 913 Doing nothing specific 3,503 0 0 0 0 115 250 504 555 462 494 120 312 141 550 Total 26,578 0 0 16 87 839 575 3,416 3,885 2,557 3,315 1,362 4,639 3,114 2,771 Females Economic activity 18,006 0 0 0 80 865 410 2,739 2,565 1,713 2,116 595 3,092 1,746 2,085 Studying/on training 4,923 0 0 0 13 401 129 597 938 421 675 416 542 562 229 Doing housework 378 000000227512900455353 Doing nothing specific 4,216 0 0 18 45 133 150 764 755 966 555 178 382 240 32 Total 27,523 0 0 18 138 1,399 689 4,122 4,334 3,228 3,345 1,189 4,060 2,601 2,399 Table 10a.2.B1 Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 1. Male' (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 4.2 1.8 13.4 13.1 9.7 12.7 4.5 16.8 10.9 12.4 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 5.4 1.7 14.1 17.1 7.4 12.8 5.7 17.1 13.5 4.9 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 3.3 2.2 13.3 16.7 10.7 10.0 4.7 18.6 10.7 9.2 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.6 3.2 5.2 16.4 17.0 18.5 13.6 3.9 9.0 4.9 7.5 Total 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 4.1 2.3 13.9 15.2 10.7 12.3 4.7 16.1 10.6 9.6 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 2.7 0.6 8.5 10.2 10.3 15.1 7.8 15.7 14.2 14.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 3.2 0.9 15.6 15.5 6.6 12.1 3.6 22.0 15.3 5.1 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 3.5 2.3 13.6 16.6 9.8 10.4 4.9 18.9 10.5 9.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 7.1 14.4 15.8 13.2 14.1 3.4 8.9 4.0 15.7 Total 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 3.2 2.2 12.9 14.6 9.6 12.5 5.1 17.5 11.7 10.4 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 4.8 2.3 15.2 14.2 9.5 11.8 3.3 17.2 9.7 11.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 8.1 2.6 12.1 19.1 8.6 13.7 8.5 11.0 11.4 4.6 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.9 19.9 34.1 0.0 0.0 11.9 14.1 14.1 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.1 3.2 3.5 18.1 17.9 22.9 13.2 4.2 9.1 5.7 0.8 Total 400 0 0 0 216 85171753916494131

Page 52 Table 10a.1.B2 Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 2. Atolls 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 46,929 0 438 1,189 3,669 5,892 6,209 11,458 7,631 4,138 2,126 1,667 1,503 760 247 Studying/on training 19,695 0 0 1,030 2,268 3,451 2,329 4,791 2,391 1,562 1,052 236 537 0 49 Doing housework 30,455 0 481 991 3,451 4,437 4,828 8,040 2,986 2,336 941 999 597 254 114 Doing nothing specific 21,069 42 224 763 2,271 3,298 3,251 5,492 2,091 1,663 1,087 179 461 128 119 Total 118,148 42 1,143 3,972 11,659 17,079 16,616 29,782 15,099 9,699 5,206 3,081 3,099 1,142 530 Males Economic activity 13,436 0 70 283 839 1,274 1,408 3,192 2,775 1,531 674 633 486 237 35 Studying/on training 10,570 0 0 549 1,116 2,065 1,150 2,443 1,377 805 651 131 233 0 49 Doing housework 29,053 0 404 945 3,199 4,171 4,750 7,746 2,816 2,336 836 883 597 254 114 Doing nothing specific 9,828 42 70 510 1,268 1,301 1,383 2,406 973 663 628 140 293 86 66 Total 62,888 42 544 2,287 6,422 8,812 8,691 15,787 7,941 5,335 2,789 1,787 1,610 577 264 Females Economic activity 33,492 0 368 906 2,830 4,618 4,801 8,267 4,857 2,607 1,452 1,035 1,017 523 212 Studying/on training 9,125 0 0 481 1,152 1,386 1,179 2,347 1,014 757 400 105 304 0 0 Doing housework 1,403 0 77 46 251 266 78 294 170 0 105 116 0 0 0 Doing nothing specific 11,241 0 154 253 1,003 1,997 1,868 3,086 1,118 1,000 460 38 168 42 54 Total 55,260 0 600 1,686 5,237 8,267 7,925 13,994 7,158 4,364 2,417 1,293 1,489 564 266 Table 10a.2.B2 Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (including rent) 2. Atolls (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.9 2.5 7.8 12.6 13.2 24.4 16.3 8.8 4.5 3.6 3.2 1.6 0.5 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 11.5 17.5 11.8 24.3 12.1 7.9 5.3 1.2 2.7 0.0 0.2 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.6 3.3 11.3 14.6 15.9 26.4 9.8 7.7 3.1 3.3 2.0 0.8 0.4 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.2 1.1 3.6 10.8 15.7 15.4 26.1 9.9 7.9 5.2 0.8 2.2 0.6 0.6 Total 100.0 0.0 1.0 3.4 9.9 14.5 14.1 25.2 12.8 8.2 4.4 2.6 2.6 1.0 0.4 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.5 2.1 6.2 9.5 10.5 23.8 20.7 11.4 5.0 4.7 3.6 1.8 0.3 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 10.6 19.5 10.9 23.1 13.0 7.6 6.2 1.2 2.2 0.0 0.5 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.4 3.3 11.0 14.4 16.4 26.7 9.7 8.0 2.9 3.0 2.1 0.9 0.4 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.4 0.7 5.2 12.9 13.2 14.1 24.5 9.9 6.7 6.4 1.4 3.0 0.9 0.7 Total 100.0 0.1 0.9 3.6 10.2 14.0 13.8 25.1 12.6 8.5 4.4 2.8 2.6 0.9 0.4 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.0 1.1 2.7 8.5 13.8 14.3 24.7 14.5 7.8 4.3 3.1 3.0 1.6 0.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 12.6 15.2 12.9 25.7 11.1 8.3 4.4 1.1 3.3 0.0 0.0 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 5.5 3.3 17.9 18.9 5.5 21.0 12.1 0.0 7.5 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 1.4 2.2 8.9 17.8 16.6 27.5 9.9 8.9 4.1 0.3 1.5 0.4 0.5 Total 400 0 8 14 48 66 49 99 48 25 20 13 8 2 1

Page 53 Table 10a.1.A Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 0. Republic 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 71,749 142 2,682 7,126 6,870 10,217 9,613 12,001 7,320 5,207 3,724 2,192 1,877 1,027 1,751 Studying/on training 30,763 0 1,546 4,407 2,640 4,076 4,190 5,786 2,420 1,984 1,402 1,064 572 347 327 Doing housework 40,950 150 2,240 5,796 5,013 6,631 5,840 5,710 3,382 1,653 2,071 919 675 453 417 Doing nothing specific 28,788 132 1,394 5,209 3,460 5,174 3,848 3,914 2,323 1,445 279 576 306 200 528 Total 172,250 424 7,861 22,539 17,984 26,098 23,492 27,410 15,444 10,289 7,476 4,752 3,430 2,027 3,024 Males Economic activity 20,250 0 640 1,761 1,633 2,442 2,628 4,012 2,204 1,687 999 755 704 333 451 Studying/on training 16,715 0 541 2,576 1,543 1,891 2,209 3,145 1,293 1,231 898 509 439 262 177 Doing housework 39,170 150 2,053 5,447 4,663 6,544 5,704 5,413 3,276 1,608 1,956 919 622 399 417 Doing nothing specific 13,331 91 735 2,675 1,143 2,245 1,897 1,424 1,053 745 155 358 222 114 474 Total 89,466 240 3,969 12,460 8,983 13,122 12,438 13,994 7,826 5,270 4,007 2,541 1,987 1,109 1,520 Females Economic activity 51,499 142 2,041 5,364 5,238 7,775 6,985 7,988 5,116 3,520 2,725 1,437 1,173 694 1,300 Studying/on training 14,048 0 1,005 1,831 1,097 2,185 1,982 2,641 1,127 754 505 555 133 85 150 Doing housework 1,780 0 187 350 349 88 136 297 107 45 116 0 53 53 0 Doing nothing specific 15,457 42 659 2,534 2,317 2,928 1,951 2,490 1,269 700 125 218 84 85 54 Total 82,783 183 3,892 10,079 9,001 12,976 11,053 13,416 7,618 5,019 3,470 2,210 1,443 918 1,504 Table 10a.2.A Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 0. Republic (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.2 3.7 9.9 9.6 14.2 13.4 16.7 10.2 7.3 5.2 3.1 2.6 1.4 2.4 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 5.0 14.3 8.6 13.2 13.6 18.8 7.9 6.5 4.6 3.5 1.9 1.1 1.1 Doing housework 100.0 0.4 5.5 14.2 12.2 16.2 14.3 13.9 8.3 4.0 5.1 2.2 1.6 1.1 1.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.5 4.8 18.1 12.0 18.0 13.4 13.6 8.1 5.0 1.0 2.0 1.1 0.7 1.8 Total 100.0 0.2 4.6 13.1 10.4 15.2 13.6 15.9 9.0 6.0 4.3 2.8 2.0 1.2 1.8 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 3.2 8.7 8.1 12.1 13.0 19.8 10.9 8.3 4.9 3.7 3.5 1.6 2.2 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 3.2 15.4 9.2 11.3 13.2 18.8 7.7 7.4 5.4 3.0 2.6 1.6 1.1 Doing housework 100.0 0.4 5.2 13.9 11.9 16.7 14.6 13.8 8.4 4.1 5.0 2.3 1.6 1.0 1.1 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.7 5.5 20.1 8.6 16.8 14.2 10.7 7.9 5.6 1.2 2.7 1.7 0.9 3.6 Total 100.0 0.3 4.4 13.9 10.0 14.7 13.9 15.6 8.7 5.9 4.5 2.8 2.2 1.2 1.7 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.3 4.0 10.4 10.2 15.1 13.6 15.5 9.9 6.8 5.3 2.8 2.3 1.3 2.5 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 7.2 13.0 7.8 15.6 14.1 18.8 8.0 5.4 3.6 3.9 0.9 0.6 1.1 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 10.5 19.6 19.6 4.9 7.6 16.7 6.0 2.5 6.5 0.0 3.0 3.0 0.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.3 4.3 16.4 15.0 18.9 12.6 16.1 8.2 4.5 0.8 1.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 Total 100.0 0.2 4.7 12.2 10.9 15.7 13.4 16.2 9.2 6.1 4.2 2.7 1.7 1.1 1.8

Page 54 Table 10a.1.B1 Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 1. Male' 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 24,820 0 181 964 1,555 2,325 3,014 3,486 3,265 3,163 2,059 1,084 1,182 897 1,644 Studying/on training 11,068 0 405 128 433 1,040 1,501 2,572 996 1,114 1,153 574 526 347 278 Doing housework 10,495 0 127 206 804 1,150 1,457 1,632 1,494 821 1,142 529 314 453 368 Doing nothing specific 7,719 0 35 329 833 1,047 1,024 1,753 873 735 125 240 138 114 474 Total 54,101 0 748 1,627 3,625 5,562 6,996 9,443 6,628 5,832 4,478 2,426 2,159 1,811 2,765 Males Economic activity 6,814 0 0 224 348 403 636 1,222 851 991 361 429 601 298 451 Studying/on training 6,145 0 69 86 313 658 640 1,315 554 651 753 276 439 262 128 Doing housework 10,117 0 127 206 728 1,150 1,435 1,609 1,387 776 1,142 529 260 399 368 Doing nothing specific 3,503 0 35 81 196 484 466 517 565 356 80 126 95 28 474 Total 26,578 0 230 596 1,585 2,695 3,176 4,663 3,358 2,773 2,336 1,360 1,396 988 1,423 Females Economic activity 18,006 0 181 740 1,208 1,922 2,379 2,264 2,414 2,172 1,697 655 581 599 1,192 Studying/on training 4,923 0 336 42 120 382 861 1,258 441 463 400 297 87 85 150 Doing housework 378 0 0 0 75 0 22 22 107 45 0 0 53 53 0 Doing nothing specific 4,216 0 0 248 637 563 559 1,236 308 378 45 114 42 85 0 Total 27,523 0 518 1,031 2,040 2,867 3,820 4,781 3,270 3,059 2,142 1,066 764 823 1,342 Table 10a.2.B1 Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 1. Male' (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.7 3.9 6.3 9.4 12.1 14.0 13.2 12.7 8.3 4.4 4.8 3.6 6.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 3.7 1.2 3.9 9.4 13.6 23.2 9.0 10.1 10.4 5.2 4.8 3.1 2.5 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.2 2.0 7.7 11.0 13.9 15.5 14.2 7.8 10.9 5.0 3.0 4.3 3.5 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 0.4 4.3 10.8 13.6 13.3 22.7 11.3 9.5 1.6 3.1 1.8 1.5 6.1 Total 100.0 0.0 1.4 3.0 6.7 10.3 12.9 17.5 12.3 10.8 8.3 4.5 4.0 3.3 5.1 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 5.1 5.9 9.3 17.9 12.5 14.5 5.3 6.3 8.8 4.4 6.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 1.1 1.4 5.1 10.7 10.4 21.4 9.0 10.6 12.3 4.5 7.2 4.3 2.1 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 1.3 2.0 7.2 11.4 14.2 15.9 13.7 7.7 11.3 5.2 2.6 3.9 3.6 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 1.0 2.3 5.6 13.8 13.3 14.7 16.1 10.2 2.3 3.6 2.7 0.8 13.5 Total 100.0 0.0 0.9 2.2 6.0 10.1 12.0 17.5 12.6 10.4 8.8 5.1 5.3 3.7 5.4 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.0 1.0 4.1 6.7 10.7 13.2 12.6 13.4 12.1 9.4 3.6 3.2 3.3 6.6 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 6.8 0.9 2.4 7.8 17.5 25.5 9.0 9.4 8.1 6.0 1.8 1.7 3.0 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.9 0.0 5.9 5.9 28.2 11.9 0.0 0.0 14.1 14.1 0.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.9 15.1 13.4 13.2 29.3 7.3 9.0 1.1 2.7 1.0 2.0 0.0 Total 400 0 8 11 44 32 50 73 58 42 19 12 20 21 10

Page 55 Table 10a.1.B2 Number of persons by activity type, sex and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 46,929 142 2,501 6,162 5,315 7,891 6,599 8,514 4,055 2,045 1,665 1,109 694 130 108 Studying/on training 19,695 0 1,140 4,279 2,207 3,036 2,690 3,213 1,424 871 249 491 46 0 49 Doing housework 30,455 150 2,113 5,591 4,209 5,482 4,383 4,078 1,888 832 929 390 362 0 49 Doing nothing specific 21,069 132 1,360 4,880 2,627 4,127 2,824 2,161 1,449 710 154 336 168 86 54 Total 118,148 424 7,113 20,912 14,359 20,536 16,495 17,967 8,816 4,457 2,998 2,326 1,271 216 259 Males Economic activity 13,436 0 640 1,537 1,285 2,039 1,993 2,790 1,353 696 638 327 103 35 0 Studying/on training 10,570 0 472 2,491 1,231 1,233 1,569 1,830 739 580 145 233 0 0 49 Doing housework 29,053 150 1,926 5,241 3,935 5,394 4,269 3,804 1,888 832 813 390 362 0 49 Doing nothing specific 9,828 91 700 2,595 947 1,762 1,432 907 488 388 75 232 127 86 0 Total 62,888 240 3,739 11,864 7,398 10,427 9,262 9,331 4,468 2,497 1,670 1,182 592 121 98 Females Economic activity 33,492 142 1,860 4,624 4,030 5,853 4,606 5,724 2,701 1,348 1,028 782 591 95 108 Studying/on training 9,125 0 668 1,789 976 1,803 1,121 1,383 685 291 105 257 46 0 0 Doing housework 1,403 0 187 350 274 88 114 275 0 0 116 0 0 0 0 Doing nothing specific 11,241 42 659 2,285 1,681 2,365 1,392 1,254 961 322 80 105 42 0 54 Total 55,260 183 3,375 9,048 6,961 10,109 7,233 8,636 4,348 1,961 1,328 1,144 679 95 161 Table 10a.2.B2 Distribution of persons by activity type, gender and expenditure group – 15 years and above (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls (Percent) 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Status All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf 494 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Economic activity 100.0 0.3 5.3 13.1 11.3 16.8 14.1 18.1 8.6 4.4 3.5 2.4 1.5 0.3 0.2 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 5.8 21.7 11.2 15.4 13.7 16.3 7.2 4.4 1.3 2.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 Doing housework 100.0 0.5 6.9 18.4 13.8 18.0 14.4 13.4 6.2 2.7 3.1 1.3 1.2 0.0 0.2 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.6 6.5 23.2 12.5 19.6 13.4 10.3 6.9 3.4 0.7 1.6 0.8 0.4 0.3 Total 100.0 0.4 6.0 17.7 12.2 17.4 14.0 15.2 7.5 3.8 2.5 2.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 Males Economic activity 100.0 0.0 4.8 11.4 9.6 15.2 14.8 20.8 10.1 5.2 4.7 2.4 0.8 0.3 0.0 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 4.5 23.6 11.6 11.7 14.8 17.3 7.0 5.5 1.4 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 Doing housework 100.0 0.5 6.6 18.0 13.5 18.6 14.7 13.1 6.5 2.9 2.8 1.3 1.2 0.0 0.2 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.9 7.1 26.4 9.6 17.9 14.6 9.2 5.0 3.9 0.8 2.4 1.3 0.9 0.0 Total 100.0 0.4 5.9 18.9 11.8 16.6 14.7 14.8 7.1 4.0 2.7 1.9 0.9 0.2 0.2 Females Economic activity 100.0 0.4 5.6 13.8 12.0 17.5 13.8 17.1 8.1 4.0 3.1 2.3 1.8 0.3 0.3 Studying/on training 100.0 0.0 7.3 19.6 10.7 19.8 12.3 15.2 7.5 3.2 1.1 2.8 0.5 0.0 0.0 Doing housework 100.0 0.0 13.3 24.9 19.5 6.3 8.1 19.6 0.0 0.0 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Doing nothing specific 100.0 0.4 5.9 20.3 15.0 21.0 12.4 11.2 8.6 2.9 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.0 0.5 Total 400 1327957654763241013 6 3 0 1

Page 56 Table 11a.1.A Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 0. Republic Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 0.1 42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 0.8 2,213 1.31 0.56 0.08 0.40 0.28 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,050 2.5 7,831 3.68 1.47 1.02 0.73 0.45 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,498 5.9 22,583 4.22 1.08 0.80 0.94 1.39 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,259 10.0 32,915 3.86 1.12 0.81 0.97 0.95 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,424 10.4 33,256 4.38 1.32 0.94 0.91 1.21 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 9,174 21.6 63,505 4.78 1.25 0.90 0.91 1.72 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 5,765 13.6 39,196 5.78 1.24 0.89 0.89 2.75 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 3,814 9.0 22,640 5.93 1.31 0.93 0.95 2.74 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,580 6.1 16,753 6.79 1.48 1.04 0.99 3.28 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,726 4.1 8,457 8.19 1.43 1.23 1.07 4.46 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,825 6.6 16,704 8.22 2.07 1.32 1.05 3.78 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,065 4.9 9,250 11.32 2.75 1.44 1.56 5.57 14More than Rf 4,200 1,953 4.6 7,463 12.49 2.46 1.77 2.35 5.90 Total all groups 42,526 100.0 282,808 2.87 0.73 0.46 0.53 1.15

Table 11a.B1 Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 1. Male' Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 0 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17 0.2 83 1.70 0.69 0.69 0.32 0.00 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 34 0.3 348 2.17 0.48 0.43 0.40 0.85 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 288 2.7 2,908 1.45 0.45 0.42 0.35 0.23 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 143 1.4 1,762 1.92 0.61 0.44 0.35 0.52 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,019 9.6 10,990 2.05 0.53 0.46 0.32 0.74 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,526 14.4 12,599 2.44 0.55 0.44 0.32 1.13 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,012 9.6 8,196 2.63 0.56 0.43 0.32 1.33 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,035 9.8 9,205 2.49 0.54 0.43 0.32 1.20 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 607 5.7 3,598 2.97 0.56 0.52 0.44 1.45 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,758 16.6 11,951 2.91 0.71 0.45 0.34 1.41 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,499 14.2 7,433 4.68 1.20 0.52 0.41 2.55 14More than Rf 4,200 1,646 15.6 6,885 4.53 1.48 0.48 0.42 2.15 Total all groups 10,583 100.0 75,957 2.87 0.72 0.46 0.35 1.34

Page 57 Table 11a.B2 Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (including rent) 2. Atolls Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 44 0.4 42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 350 3.3 2,213 1.31 0.56 0.08 0.40 0.28 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 1,033 9.8 7,747 1.97 0.78 0.33 0.42 0.45 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 2,464 23.3 22,236 2.05 0.60 0.37 0.54 0.54 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 3,970 37.5 30,007 2.41 0.67 0.40 0.62 0.73 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,281 40.4 31,494 2.46 0.70 0.50 0.56 0.69 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8,155 77.0 52,515 2.73 0.72 0.44 0.59 0.97 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,239 40.1 26,598 3.34 0.69 0.45 0.57 1.63 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,802 26.5 14,444 3.30 0.75 0.51 0.63 1.41 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,546 14.6 7,547 4.30 0.94 0.61 0.67 2.07 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,119 10.6 4,859 5.22 0.87 0.71 0.63 3.01 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,067 10.1 4,753 5.30 1.36 0.86 0.71 2.37 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 566 5.3 1,817 6.64 1.55 0.93 1.15 3.02 14More than Rf 4,200 307 2.9 578 7.96 0.98 1.30 1.93 3.75 Total all groups 31,942 301.8 206,851 2.87 0.73 0.46 0.59 1.08

Page 58 Table 11b.1.A Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (Excluding rent) 0. Republic Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 0.6 851 1.29 0.73 0.16 0.40 0.00 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,108 5.0 13,585 2.32 0.91 0.55 0.67 0.18 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,584 13.1 39,637 4.31 1.13 0.98 0.99 1.21 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,709 11.1 32,324 4.53 1.39 0.87 0.94 1.33 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 6,043 14.2 44,633 4.70 1.20 0.94 0.93 1.63 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 5,574 13.1 39,876 5.06 1.11 0.88 0.83 2.25 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 6,573 15.5 44,684 5.85 1.30 0.85 0.98 2.72 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,206 7.5 21,910 6.22 1.49 1.02 0.90 2.81 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,482 5.8 15,234 7.16 1.52 0.96 0.91 3.77 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,992 4.7 11,569 8.64 2.02 1.36 1.01 4.26 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,409 3.3 6,854 9.74 2.24 1.25 1.52 4.73 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,095 2.6 5,135 9.82 1.77 1.30 1.19 5.57 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 789 1.9 2,889 9.84 3.30 1.36 1.17 4.00 14More than Rf 4,200 709 1.7 3,627 8.61 2.67 2.00 1.72 2.21 Total all groups 42,526 100.0 282,808 2.87 0.73 0.46 0.53 1.15

Table 11b.B1 Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (Excluding rent) 1. Male' Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 0 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 98 0.9 929 0.77 0.31 0.24 0.21 0.00 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 219 2.1 2,124 2.02 0.44 0.58 0.41 0.59 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 552 5.2 4,647 1.89 0.65 0.39 0.33 0.52 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 822 7.8 8,261 2.12 0.53 0.47 0.34 0.79 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,220 11.5 10,386 2.29 0.42 0.47 0.30 1.09 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 1,803 17.0 13,737 2.49 0.57 0.41 0.35 1.16 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,262 11.9 8,982 2.95 0.74 0.40 0.30 1.50 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,112 10.5 8,209 3.04 0.69 0.49 0.35 1.51 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 951 9.0 6,238 3.23 0.74 0.51 0.41 1.58 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 702 6.6 3,661 4.30 1.14 0.51 0.43 2.23 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 571 5.4 2,974 3.49 0.58 0.45 0.26 2.19 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 663 6.3 2,488 6.31 2.21 0.71 0.68 2.71 14More than Rf 4,200 607 5.7 3,319 4.53 1.64 0.38 0.30 2.21 Total all groups 10,583 100.0 75,957 2.87 0.72 0.46 0.35 1.34

Page 59 Table 11b.B2 Average daily expenditure on major food products by per capita expenditure groups (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls Percentage Daily per capita expenditure on Per capita Number of Share of Number of Total major food Rice Flour Sugar Milk Powder Expenditure Households Households Persons products 1 Less than Rf. 150 252 2.4 851 1.29 0.73 0.16 0.40 0.00 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,010 19.0 12,656 1.55 0.60 0.31 0.47 0.18 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 5,365 50.7 37,514 2.29 0.69 0.40 0.58 0.62 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 4,157 39.3 27,677 2.63 0.74 0.47 0.61 0.81 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 5,221 49.3 36,371 2.59 0.68 0.47 0.60 0.84 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,354 41.1 29,490 2.77 0.68 0.41 0.52 1.15 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,770 45.1 30,947 3.36 0.73 0.45 0.63 1.56 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 1,944 18.4 12,928 3.27 0.75 0.61 0.60 1.31 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,370 12.9 7,025 4.12 0.83 0.48 0.56 2.25 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,041 9.8 5,331 5.40 1.28 0.85 0.59 2.68 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 706 6.7 3,193 5.44 1.10 0.75 1.09 2.51 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 524 4.9 2,161 6.33 1.19 0.85 0.92 3.37 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 127 1.2 400 3.53 1.10 0.64 0.49 1.29 14More than Rf 4,200 102 1.0 308 4.08 1.03 1.62 1.43 0.00 Total all groups 31,942 301.8 206,851 2.87 0.73 0.46 0.59 1.08

Page 60 Table 12c.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 413,640 151,988 14,836 13,674 152,156 11,438 9,089 8,444 6,721 13,022 13,295 1,690 17,287 0 2 595,868 204,577 15,251 20,378 236,571 17,853 16,469 15,674 8,690 20,419 13,422 1,519 25,045 0 3 728,193 237,897 27,786 28,875 268,100 28,351 30,143 17,202 12,494 21,181 22,646 1,918 31,602 0

4 830,438 286,752 27,587 46,822 291,803 25,929 21,766 12,056 24,176 36,579 19,627 2,975 34,366 0 5 956,340 322,723 29,933 38,855 337,729 44,873 28,061 31,308 18,812 33,081 21,755 5,795 43,417 0 6 1,077,614 352,576 25,199 51,448 381,663 37,875 48,029 39,156 25,402 45,261 24,003 909 46,093 0

7 1,239,736 366,001 30,847 55,094 429,449 55,412 76,103 43,936 35,702 57,294 36,413 7,076 45,304 1,106 8 1,527,571 462,801 49,248 60,459 545,483 59,577 86,765 49,682 59,389 58,997 28,608 5,089 60,777 696 9 1,999,821 482,230 41,021 93,460 729,304 97,702 105,394 93,260 105,685 93,654 53,503 29,617 74,992 0

10 3,526,151 676,477 52,640 140,763 1,238,231 160,012 243,328 217,347 186,836 143,607 161,505 113,957 182,936 8,511 Average 12,895,373 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 4,610,489 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 12c.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 36.7 3.6 3.3 36.8 2.8 2.2 2.0 1.6 3.1 3.2 0.4 4.2 0.0 2 100.0 34.3 2.6 3.4 39.7 3.0 2.8 2.6 1.5 3.4 2.3 0.3 4.2 0.0 3 100.0 32.7 3.8 4.0 36.8 3.9 4.1 2.4 1.7 2.9 3.1 0.3 4.3 0.0 4 100.0 34.5 3.3 5.6 35.1 3.1 2.6 1.5 2.9 4.4 2.4 0.4 4.1 0.0 5 100.0 33.7 3.1 4.1 35.3 4.7 2.9 3.3 2.0 3.5 2.3 0.6 4.5 0.0 6 100.0 32.7 2.3 4.8 35.4 3.5 4.5 3.6 2.4 4.2 2.2 0.1 4.3 0.0 7 100.0 29.5 2.5 4.4 34.6 4.5 6.1 3.5 2.9 4.6 2.9 0.6 3.7 0.1 8 100.0 30.3 3.2 4.0 35.7 3.9 5.7 3.3 3.9 3.9 1.9 0.3 4.0 0.0 9 100.0 24.1 2.1 4.7 36.5 4.9 5.3 4.7 5.3 4.7 2.7 1.5 3.7 0.0 10 100.0 19.2 1.5 4.0 35.1 4.5 6.9 6.2 5.3 4.1 4.6 3.2 5.2 0.2 Average 100.0 27.5 2.4 4.3 35.8 4.2 5.2 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.1 1.3 4.4 0.1

Page 61 Table 12c.2.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 475,262 116,791 14,274 13,555 203,601 21,026 17,046 13,874 20,621 18,758 15,348 3,019 17,351 0 2 686,247 148,771 12,156 28,759 311,003 30,266 18,890 17,752 33,123 34,536 25,179 2,143 22,563 1,106 3 932,978 188,208 14,731 44,696 417,059 28,566 37,623 38,821 57,913 31,817 28,674 10,918 33,951 0 4 1,255,516 240,172 27,750 44,535 552,954 42,380 62,163 63,665 64,572 55,782 36,707 12,925 46,773 5,137 5 2,271,622 405,483 30,857 91,930 784,457 108,911 114,791 130,188 128,998 106,269 137,919 97,434 131,012 3,374 Average 5,621,626 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 2,269,074 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 243,827 251,650 9,617

Table 12c.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 24.6 3.0 2.9 42.8 4.4 3.6 2.9 4.3 3.9 3.2 0.6 3.7 0.0 2 100.0 21.7 1.8 4.2 45.3 4.4 2.8 2.6 4.8 5.0 3.7 0.3 3.3 0.2 3 100.0 20.2 1.6 4.8 44.7 3.1 4.0 4.2 6.2 3.4 3.1 1.2 3.6 0.0 4 100.0 19.1 2.2 3.5 44.0 3.4 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.4 2.9 1.0 3.7 0.4 5 100.0 17.8 1.4 4.0 34.5 4.8 5.1 5.7 5.7 4.7 6.1 4.3 5.8 0.1 Average 100.0 19.6 1.8 4.0 40.4 4.1 4.5 4.7 5.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.5 0.2

Table 12c.1.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 679,609 248,894 20,543 23,368 258,577 18,305 12,571 11,607 9,548 25,226 18,985 2,658 29,326 0 2 1,016,416 343,491 38,992 41,023 372,540 38,245 38,828 24,783 15,758 30,463 26,164 2,425 43,704 0 3 1,291,010 451,724 36,250 66,126 458,431 46,649 36,976 25,823 31,898 50,304 25,097 3,835 57,897 0 4 1,627,552 572,009 47,160 83,185 493,221 65,617 86,146 72,393 24,936 68,644 37,233 7,201 69,807 0 5 2,659,159 828,478 71,634 112,649 758,646 139,055 240,115 129,157 96,539 101,296 43,472 27,986 109,436 696 Average 7,273,747 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 2,341,415 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 12c.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 36.6 3.0 3.4 38.0 2.7 1.8 1.7 1.4 3.7 2.8 0.4 4.3 0.0 2 100.0 33.8 3.8 4.0 36.7 3.8 3.8 2.4 1.6 3.0 2.6 0.2 4.3 0.0 3 100.0 35.0 2.8 5.1 35.5 3.6 2.9 2.0 2.5 3.9 1.9 0.3 4.5 0.0 4 100.0 35.1 2.9 5.1 30.3 4.0 5.3 4.4 1.5 4.2 2.3 0.4 4.3 0.0 5 100.0 31.2 2.7 4.2 28.5 5.2 9.0 4.9 3.6 3.8 1.6 1.1 4.1 0.0 Average 100.0 33.6 3.0 4.5 32.2 4.2 5.7 3.6 2.5 3.8 2.1 0.6 4.3 0.0

Page 62 Table 12d.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 273,209 139,625 14,909 13,160 31,511 13,235 8,505 6,660 6,025 12,271 10,094 0 17,213 0 2 386,383 202,807 12,040 19,074 43,935 15,948 12,416 13,104 9,877 18,409 14,926 1,981 21,865 0 3 490,876 240,357 33,229 25,270 54,226 25,464 21,593 10,391 17,117 18,923 12,047 3,361 28,897 0

4 598,492 269,098 22,303 37,836 83,482 26,454 22,972 18,552 22,814 33,894 24,683 54 36,349 0 5 677,791 316,801 20,411 46,089 79,175 34,038 35,293 17,301 26,011 35,975 23,826 241 42,630 0 6 761,116 320,811 35,961 42,628 86,484 48,644 39,532 40,391 23,362 43,232 26,538 6,578 45,849 1,106

7 941,892 408,061 37,306 56,745 101,354 50,364 60,984 32,994 43,955 53,851 36,676 6,961 52,640 0 8 1,083,628 413,563 38,387 70,175 123,150 57,157 82,402 63,214 60,132 67,351 38,211 10,776 59,109 0 9 1,441,153 536,957 42,531 89,043 156,081 89,076 110,493 95,048 84,038 91,522 48,551 10,799 81,978 5,036

10 2,669,659 695,942 57,268 149,806 279,916 178,640 270,957 230,408 190,575 147,668 159,226 129,792 175,289 4,171 Average 9,324,199 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 1,039,316 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 12d.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 51.1 5.5 4.8 11.5 4.8 3.1 2.4 2.2 4.5 3.7 0.0 6.3 0.0 2 100.0 52.5 3.1 4.9 11.4 4.1 3.2 3.4 2.6 4.8 3.9 0.5 5.7 0.0 3 100.0 49.0 6.8 5.1 11.0 5.2 4.4 2.1 3.5 3.9 2.5 0.7 5.9 0.0 4 100.0 45.0 3.7 6.3 13.9 4.4 3.8 3.1 3.8 5.7 4.1 0.0 6.1 0.0 5 100.0 46.7 3.0 6.8 11.7 5.0 5.2 2.6 3.8 5.3 3.5 0.0 6.3 0.0 6 100.0 42.2 4.7 5.6 11.4 6.4 5.2 5.3 3.1 5.7 3.5 0.9 6.0 0.1 7 100.0 43.3 4.0 6.0 10.8 5.3 6.5 3.5 4.7 5.7 3.9 0.7 5.6 0.0 8 100.0 38.2 3.5 6.5 11.4 5.3 7.6 5.8 5.5 6.2 3.5 1.0 5.5 0.0 9 100.0 37.3 3.0 6.2 10.8 6.2 7.7 6.6 5.8 6.4 3.4 0.7 5.7 0.3 10 100.0 26.1 2.1 5.6 10.5 6.7 10.1 8.6 7.1 5.5 6.0 4.9 6.6 0.2 Average 100.0 38.0 3.4 5.9 11.1 5.8 7.1 5.7 5.2 5.6 4.2 1.8 6.0 0.1

Page 63 Table 12d.2.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 278,292 104,400 12,015 11,032 51,129 12,614 15,079 12,383 19,483 12,893 12,191 357 14,716 0 2 442,803 152,846 12,342 24,546 67,653 37,382 16,494 13,937 29,591 29,218 26,142 5,333 26,215 1,106 3 588,724 203,684 17,644 37,523 79,485 27,819 39,549 27,458 54,085 38,682 26,720 5,915 30,160 0 4 823,930 243,997 30,236 58,152 101,175 44,898 50,508 61,831 64,229 57,413 38,899 18,268 49,985 4,340 5 1,670,579 394,497 27,531 92,222 152,335 108,436 128,883 148,692 137,841 108,957 139,875 96,566 130,574 4,171 Average 3,804,329 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 451,778 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 243,827 251,650 9,617

Table 12d.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 37.5 4.3 4.0 18.4 4.5 5.4 4.4 7.0 4.6 4.4 0.1 5.3 0.0 2 100.0 34.5 2.8 5.5 15.3 8.4 3.7 3.1 6.7 6.6 5.9 1.2 5.9 0.2 3 100.0 34.6 3.0 6.4 13.5 4.7 6.7 4.7 9.2 6.6 4.5 1.0 5.1 0.0 4 100.0 29.6 3.7 7.1 12.3 5.4 6.1 7.5 7.8 7.0 4.7 2.2 6.1 0.5 5 100.0 23.6 1.6 5.5 9.1 6.5 7.7 8.9 8.3 6.5 8.4 5.8 7.8 0.2 Average 100.0 28.9 2.6 5.9 11.9 6.1 6.6 6.9 8.0 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.6 0.3

Table 12d.1.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 454,290 234,735 22,361 22,246 50,644 20,295 15,860 12,320 8,929 21,159 16,839 1,690 27,211 0 2 658,201 334,499 32,626 35,180 71,786 33,982 26,773 15,988 20,091 31,257 15,026 3,393 37,599 0 3 967,725 468,497 34,691 69,586 109,858 42,010 41,650 24,460 25,758 50,156 37,997 198 62,862 0 4 1,278,855 590,104 62,297 81,018 118,374 66,654 86,061 56,606 30,930 70,273 36,443 8,602 71,491 0 5 2,160,798 816,761 62,605 118,319 236,876 144,930 244,290 154,388 92,971 103,089 44,646 30,222 111,005 696 Average 5,519,870 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 587,538 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 12d.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population deciles (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 51.7 4.9 4.9 11.1 4.5 3.5 2.7 2.0 4.7 3.7 0.4 6.0 0.0 2 100.0 50.8 5.0 5.3 10.9 5.2 4.1 2.4 3.1 4.7 2.3 0.5 5.7 0.0 3 100.0 48.4 3.6 7.2 11.4 4.3 4.3 2.5 2.7 5.2 3.9 0.0 6.5 0.0 4 100.0 46.1 4.9 6.3 9.3 5.2 6.7 4.4 2.4 5.5 2.8 0.7 5.6 0.0 5 100.0 37.8 2.9 5.5 11.0 6.7 11.3 7.1 4.3 4.8 2.1 1.4 5.1 0.0 Average 100.0 44.3 3.9 5.9 10.6 5.6 7.5 4.8 3.2 5.0 2.7 0.8 5.6 0.0

Page 64 Table 13c.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 636,653 232,696 18,100 26,780 214,843 24,124 17,723 20,128 13,222 21,213 19,230 143 28,451 0 2 736,209 247,370 22,228 32,790 259,285 26,359 43,436 16,377 12,748 23,340 17,860 968 33,449 0 3 826,742 290,954 25,803 30,838 291,093 24,647 32,984 15,652 15,003 35,242 23,260 1,690 39,577 0

4 960,460 321,869 31,465 46,244 293,928 37,256 81,452 43,389 13,325 30,028 18,797 4,543 38,164 0 5 1,056,294 316,886 33,179 51,272 375,861 41,289 59,201 32,723 26,071 41,602 25,013 8,364 44,831 0 6 1,058,895 371,186 33,225 48,533 363,398 42,861 29,296 19,414 26,994 51,414 20,555 9,722 42,296 0

7 1,398,534 398,257 27,222 70,758 509,551 57,232 36,575 58,390 60,369 68,068 43,046 6,592 57,250 5,225 8 1,468,087 364,304 27,285 53,808 568,929 47,277 99,513 64,508 66,500 58,368 38,985 24,868 53,740 0 9 1,870,990 453,832 38,437 77,754 716,279 90,767 110,671 99,935 76,851 70,505 43,892 19,353 68,323 4,392

10 2,882,507 546,668 57,403 111,051 1,017,324 147,208 154,295 157,547 172,823 123,316 144,138 94,301 155,738 696 Average 12,895,373 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 4,610,489 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 13c.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 36.5 2.8 4.2 33.7 3.8 2.8 3.2 2.1 3.3 3.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 2 100.0 33.6 3.0 4.5 35.2 3.6 5.9 2.2 1.7 3.2 2.4 0.1 4.5 0.0 3 100.0 35.2 3.1 3.7 35.2 3.0 4.0 1.9 1.8 4.3 2.8 0.2 4.8 0.0 4 100.0 33.5 3.3 4.8 30.6 3.9 8.5 4.5 1.4 3.1 2.0 0.5 4.0 0.0 5 100.0 30.0 3.1 4.9 35.6 3.9 5.6 3.1 2.5 3.9 2.4 0.8 4.2 0.0 6 100.0 35.1 3.1 4.6 34.3 4.0 2.8 1.8 2.5 4.9 1.9 0.9 4.0 0.0 7 100.0 28.5 1.9 5.1 36.4 4.1 2.6 4.2 4.3 4.9 3.1 0.5 4.1 0.4 8 100.0 24.8 1.9 3.7 38.8 3.2 6.8 4.4 4.5 4.0 2.7 1.7 3.7 0.0 9 100.0 24.3 2.1 4.2 38.3 4.9 5.9 5.3 4.1 3.8 2.3 1.0 3.7 0.2 10 100.0 19.0 2.0 3.9 35.3 5.1 5.4 5.5 6.0 4.3 5.0 3.3 5.4 0.0 Average 100.0 27.5 2.4 4.3 35.8 4.2 5.2 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.1 1.3 4.4 0.1

Page 65 Table 13c.1.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 886,535 188,439 18,386 32,155 355,054 33,436 14,230 40,429 52,035 44,627 54,002 8,507 41,861 3,374 2 999,098 218,789 19,843 38,925 416,493 38,809 60,118 36,467 50,569 41,611 32,993 13,210 31,270 0 3 1,117,537 193,027 17,426 43,418 458,826 42,936 44,217 69,450 65,909 42,004 84,134 12,944 38,110 5,137 4 1,160,665 250,176 30,509 45,738 504,644 44,297 32,485 40,288 55,159 49,748 38,665 23,388 44,462 1,106 5 1,457,790 248,993 13,604 63,240 534,056 71,670 99,462 77,666 81,556 69,171 34,033 68,391 95,947 0 Average 5,621,626 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 2,269,074 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 243,827 251,650 9,617

Table 13c.2.B1 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 21.3 2.1 3.6 40.0 3.8 1.6 4.6 5.9 5.0 6.1 1.0 4.7 0.4 2 100.0 21.9 2.0 3.9 41.7 3.9 6.0 3.6 5.1 4.2 3.3 1.3 3.1 0.0 3 100.0 17.3 1.6 3.9 41.1 3.8 4.0 6.2 5.9 3.8 7.5 1.2 3.4 0.5 4 100.0 21.6 2.6 3.9 43.5 3.8 2.8 3.5 4.8 4.3 3.3 2.0 3.8 0.1 5 100.0 17.1 0.9 4.3 36.6 4.9 6.8 5.3 5.6 4.7 2.3 4.7 6.6 0.0 Average 100.0 19.6 1.8 4.0 40.4 4.1 4.5 4.7 5.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.5 0.2

Table 13c.1.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 1,216,731 457,154 31,619 54,072 372,335 51,634 48,040 35,883 26,738 48,970 29,249 7,601 53,436 0 2 1,336,679 446,189 26,026 54,414 399,783 62,724 84,478 72,119 32,378 48,458 33,394 17,561 59,153 0 3 1,524,189 529,085 45,797 67,006 481,016 72,925 101,804 33,309 33,553 58,572 27,528 7,248 66,347 0 4 1,551,239 497,415 58,538 81,909 519,429 59,366 53,309 57,815 44,621 63,945 35,619 10,673 68,599 0 5 1,644,909 514,753 52,599 68,949 568,852 61,222 127,004 64,636 41,390 55,989 25,161 1,023 62,634 696 Average 7,273,747 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 2,341,415 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 13c.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 37.6 2.6 4.4 30.6 4.2 3.9 2.9 2.2 4.0 2.4 0.6 4.4 0.0 2 100.0 33.4 1.9 4.1 29.9 4.7 6.3 5.4 2.4 3.6 2.5 1.3 4.4 0.0 3 100.0 34.7 3.0 4.4 31.6 4.8 6.7 2.2 2.2 3.8 1.8 0.5 4.4 0.0 4 100.0 32.1 3.8 5.3 33.5 3.8 3.4 3.7 2.9 4.1 2.3 0.7 4.4 0.0 5 100.0 31.3 3.2 4.2 34.6 3.7 7.7 3.9 2.5 3.4 1.5 0.1 3.8 0.0 Average 100.0 33.6 3.0 4.5 32.2 4.2 5.7 3.6 2.5 3.8 2.1 0.6 4.3 0.0

Page 66 Table 13d.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (Excluding imputed rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 1,079,430 358,573 32,718 66,186 184,998 45,425 75,795 55,831 51,410 60,709 32,940 27,253 85,102 2,490 2 779,582 314,400 28,562 47,004 111,459 47,278 37,058 29,472 30,476 55,299 32,269 6,816 38,603 885 3 836,173 321,135 36,799 46,479 130,204 35,005 77,964 44,409 36,333 46,552 17,377 6,432 37,484 0

4 924,907 327,532 31,692 46,554 169,783 41,128 49,430 50,897 48,837 51,639 27,271 25,242 54,206 696 5 995,709 348,327 35,369 48,320 150,328 44,129 71,190 57,677 50,960 41,021 80,091 14,910 49,049 4,340 6 932,035 338,334 33,551 58,028 120,135 63,726 69,607 54,305 50,147 52,577 27,427 10,465 53,733 0

7 1,144,177 388,149 30,617 83,968 212,613 54,971 55,032 52,319 62,446 63,590 72,006 2,567 65,102 797 8 982,511 380,217 32,961 40,662 163,707 79,267 39,768 52,710 50,215 44,718 34,022 10,703 53,562 0 9 1,036,636 356,640 28,189 51,335 181,970 60,855 108,259 59,562 40,838 37,613 34,169 21,987 54,112 1,106

10 1,235,027 410,714 23,888 61,291 236,107 67,236 81,044 70,881 62,246 69,377 37,206 44,170 70,867 0 Average 9,946,187 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 1,661,304 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 13d.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(Excluding imputed rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Deciles chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 33.2 3.0 6.1 17.1 4.2 7.0 5.2 4.8 5.6 3.1 2.5 7.9 0.2 2 100.0 40.3 3.7 6.0 14.3 6.1 4.8 3.8 3.9 7.1 4.1 0.9 5.0 0.1 3 100.0 38.4 4.4 5.6 15.6 4.2 9.3 5.3 4.3 5.6 2.1 0.8 4.5 0.0 4 100.0 35.4 3.4 5.0 18.4 4.4 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.6 2.9 2.7 5.9 0.1 5 100.0 35.0 3.6 4.9 15.1 4.4 7.1 5.8 5.1 4.1 8.0 1.5 4.9 0.4 6 100.0 36.3 3.6 6.2 12.9 6.8 7.5 5.8 5.4 5.6 2.9 1.1 5.8 0.0 7 100.0 33.9 2.7 7.3 18.6 4.8 4.8 4.6 5.5 5.6 6.3 0.2 5.7 0.1 8 100.0 38.7 3.4 4.1 16.7 8.1 4.0 5.4 5.1 4.6 3.5 1.1 5.5 0.0 9 100.0 34.4 2.7 5.0 17.6 5.9 10.4 5.7 3.9 3.6 3.3 2.1 5.2 0.1 10 100.0 33.3 1.9 5.0 19.1 5.4 6.6 5.7 5.0 5.6 3.0 3.6 5.7 0.0 Average 100.0 35.6 3.2 5.5 16.7 5.4 6.7 5.3 4.9 5.3 4.0 1.7 5.6 0.1

Page 67 Table 13d.1.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and population income deciles (Excluding imputed rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 634,615 197,762 12,083 32,735 160,102 30,440 26,277 22,984 37,314 47,728 28,633 6,911 27,305 4,340 2 625,359 185,206 23,970 40,512 143,848 34,489 26,338 23,857 51,826 30,340 27,104 5,195 31,789 885 3 680,707 199,239 19,682 31,458 176,641 37,155 35,181 34,242 39,630 38,986 29,374 7,434 31,685 0 4 934,890 211,251 13,445 49,582 268,770 44,171 56,328 69,387 65,282 47,189 32,992 28,021 44,081 4,392 5 1,536,227 305,966 30,587 69,189 309,885 84,893 106,389 113,830 111,176 82,919 125,724 78,878 116,790 0 Average 4,411,798 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 1,059,246 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 243,827 251,650 9,617

Table 13d.2.B1 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(Excluding imputed rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 31.2 1.9 5.2 25.2 4.8 4.1 3.6 5.9 7.5 4.5 1.1 4.3 0.7 2 100.0 29.6 3.8 6.5 23.0 5.5 4.2 3.8 8.3 4.9 4.3 0.8 5.1 0.1 3 100.0 29.3 2.9 4.6 25.9 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.8 5.7 4.3 1.1 4.7 0.0 4 100.0 22.6 1.4 5.3 28.7 4.7 6.0 7.4 7.0 5.0 3.5 3.0 4.7 0.5 5 100.0 19.9 2.0 4.5 20.2 5.5 6.9 7.4 7.2 5.4 8.2 5.1 7.6 0.0 Average 100.0 24.9 2.3 5.1 24.0 5.2 5.7 6.0 6.9 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.7 0.2

Table 13d.1.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(Excluding imputed rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 670,169 351,190 27,493 40,198 76,036 38,157 25,502 17,821 13,000 22,209 16,891 1,112 40,560 0 2 867,990 406,043 35,074 44,237 99,145 42,997 50,418 30,278 22,910 41,100 38,264 329 57,195 0 3 1,102,600 486,296 55,688 66,011 94,842 45,877 130,636 53,198 21,079 52,671 27,402 10,525 58,375 0 4 1,314,067 588,195 42,755 93,520 161,423 74,769 62,044 55,181 42,774 77,949 30,551 9,085 75,821 0 5 1,579,564 612,872 53,570 82,385 170,610 106,072 146,034 107,286 78,916 82,005 37,843 23,056 78,218 696 Average 5,534,389 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 602,057 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 13d.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and population income de(Excluding imputed rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneous Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious Quintile chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- Goods And ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 100.0 52.4 4.1 6.0 11.3 5.7 3.8 2.7 1.9 3.3 2.5 0.2 6.1 0.0 2 100.0 46.8 4.0 5.1 11.4 5.0 5.8 3.5 2.6 4.7 4.4 0.0 6.6 0.0 3 100.0 44.1 5.1 6.0 8.6 4.2 11.8 4.8 1.9 4.8 2.5 1.0 5.3 0.0 4 100.0 44.8 3.3 7.1 12.3 5.7 4.7 4.2 3.3 5.9 2.3 0.7 5.8 0.0 5 100.0 38.8 3.4 5.2 10.8 6.7 9.2 6.8 5.0 5.2 2.4 1.5 5.0 0.0 Average 100.0 44.2 3.9 5.9 10.9 5.6 7.5 4.8 3.2 5.0 2.7 0.8 5.6 0.0

Page 68 Table 14a.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 3,365 6,002 598,348 140,937 12,784 27,766 251,255 21,578 24,722 25,833 29,611 11,587 6,570 21,202 24,505 0 3 3,556 10,668 663,161 165,929 15,646 28,034 279,879 32,636 21,457 25,405 25,690 24,930 5,028 10,270 28,257 0 4 5,884 23,514 1,487,594 352,547 27,640 49,682 621,581 63,755 96,909 39,577 38,850 52,807 33,518 32,154 78,573 0

5 5,464 27,360 1,615,318 427,947 41,209 70,305 569,840 69,856 54,219 83,378 75,196 51,468 87,803 18,549 63,967 1,581 6 5,120 30,811 1,368,263 405,923 35,882 54,465 505,655 64,476 57,741 36,834 47,837 66,468 32,035 8,411 52,538 0 7 5,272 36,986 1,401,404 442,900 46,969 60,611 486,564 40,216 45,684 52,565 35,142 65,304 38,064 25,598 61,787 0

8 3,611 28,815 1,059,622 315,542 25,232 39,057 384,076 41,008 32,866 47,429 40,851 35,902 25,414 25,598 46,646 0 9 2,559 22,897 903,111 243,260 20,626 41,354 291,884 31,056 89,921 40,720 37,168 39,208 23,370 3,493 38,561 2,490 10 or 11 3,997 41,731 1,720,301 479,752 34,135 84,667 591,471 64,948 99,612 87,119 65,419 79,768 49,697 9,852 69,522 4,340

12 or 13 1,881 23,386 903,366 239,458 26,348 34,080 309,301 25,486 39,638 25,599 42,770 48,042 60,536 6,002 45,309 797 14 + 1,816 30,637 1,174,885 329,826 27,876 59,806 318,982 84,006 102,378 63,606 45,374 47,613 32,742 9,416 52,154 1,106 Average 42,526 282,808 12,895,373 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 4,610,489 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 14a.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 7.9 2.1 100.0 23.6 2.1 4.6 42.0 3.6 4.1 4.3 4.9 1.9 1.1 3.5 4.1 0.0 3 8.4 3.8 100.0 25.0 2.4 4.2 42.2 4.9 3.2 3.8 3.9 3.8 0.8 1.5 4.3 0.0 4 13.8 8.3 100.0 23.7 1.9 3.3 41.8 4.3 6.5 2.7 2.6 3.5 2.3 2.2 5.3 0.0 5 12.8 9.7 100.0 26.5 2.6 4.4 35.3 4.3 3.4 5.2 4.7 3.2 5.4 1.1 4.0 0.1 6 12.0 10.9 100.0 29.7 2.6 4.0 37.0 4.7 4.2 2.7 3.5 4.9 2.3 0.6 3.8 0.0 7 12.4 13.1 100.0 31.6 3.4 4.3 34.7 2.9 3.3 3.8 2.5 4.7 2.7 1.8 4.4 0.0 8 8.5 10.2 100.0 29.8 2.4 3.7 36.2 3.9 3.1 4.5 3.9 3.4 2.4 2.4 4.4 0.0 9 6.0 8.1 100.0 26.9 2.3 4.6 32.3 3.4 10.0 4.5 4.1 4.3 2.6 0.4 4.3 0.3 10 or 11 9.4 14.8 100.0 27.9 2.0 4.9 34.4 3.8 5.8 5.1 3.8 4.6 2.9 0.6 4.0 0.3 12 or 13 4.4 8.3 100.0 26.5 2.9 3.8 34.2 2.8 4.4 2.8 4.7 5.3 6.7 0.7 5.0 0.1 14 + 4.3 10.8 100.0 28.1 2.4 5.1 27.2 7.2 8.7 5.4 3.9 4.1 2.8 0.8 4.4 0.1 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 27.5 2.4 4.3 35.8 4.2 5.2 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.1 1.3 4.4 0.1

Page 69 Table 14a.1.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 589 1,017 241,647 35,820 5,277 21,917 81,829 11,614 4,780 16,104 14,612 6,780 6,549 20,804 15,562 0 3 917 2,751 297,202 59,344 3,765 12,928 129,178 20,908 10,571 15,071 14,556 14,096 2,752 1,979 12,053 0 4 1,756 6,984 807,000 155,350 7,573 21,167 349,083 29,185 49,937 29,522 27,623 29,649 18,807 32,154 56,951 0

5 1,278 6,382 678,452 125,829 16,950 23,607 268,289 25,019 20,166 35,352 41,138 19,397 67,696 12,139 21,985 885 6 1,098 6,601 500,137 102,111 6,704 19,383 218,341 16,841 24,978 21,860 25,884 20,643 17,509 8,151 17,730 0 7 896 6,297 407,947 94,359 10,962 15,301 151,760 11,793 10,859 22,423 19,020 26,396 16,521 12,609 15,944 0

8 869 6,951 481,032 113,617 10,256 13,436 188,027 17,012 13,566 31,039 15,990 18,841 13,220 24,548 21,480 0 9 445 3,973 285,225 47,595 4,621 12,068 110,870 13,352 18,850 19,470 25,552 14,654 6,135 133 9,435 2,490 10 or 11 1,496 15,621 877,192 179,455 12,572 40,096 384,732 22,978 41,447 26,290 52,635 44,740 32,727 4,315 30,865 4,340

12 or 13 537 6,760 447,608 79,426 11,248 10,758 166,215 14,143 18,759 17,277 30,398 26,886 45,755 1,882 24,064 797 14 + 704 12,619 598,186 106,517 9,840 32,816 220,749 48,302 36,600 29,893 37,821 25,079 16,156 7,726 25,582 1,106 Average 10,583 75,957 5,621,626 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 2,269,074 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 126,439 251,650 9,617

Table 14a.2.B1 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 5.6 1.3 100.0 14.8 2.2 9.1 33.9 4.8 2.0 6.7 6.0 2.8 2.7 8.6 6.4 0.0 3 8.7 3.6 100.0 20.0 1.3 4.3 43.5 7.0 3.6 5.1 4.9 4.7 0.9 0.7 4.1 0.0 4 16.6 9.2 100.0 19.3 0.9 2.6 43.3 3.6 6.2 3.7 3.4 3.7 2.3 4.0 7.1 0.0 5 12.1 8.4 100.0 18.5 2.5 3.5 39.5 3.7 3.0 5.2 6.1 2.9 10.0 1.8 3.2 0.1 6 10.4 8.7 100.0 20.4 1.3 3.9 43.7 3.4 5.0 4.4 5.2 4.1 3.5 1.6 3.5 0.0 7 8.5 8.3 100.0 23.1 2.7 3.8 37.2 2.9 2.7 5.5 4.7 6.5 4.0 3.1 3.9 0.0 8 8.2 9.2 100.0 23.6 2.1 2.8 39.1 3.5 2.8 6.5 3.3 3.9 2.7 5.1 4.5 0.0 9 4.2 5.2 100.0 16.7 1.6 4.2 38.9 4.7 6.6 6.8 9.0 5.1 2.2 0.0 3.3 0.9 10 or 11 14.1 20.6 100.0 20.5 1.4 4.6 43.9 2.6 4.7 3.0 6.0 5.1 3.7 0.5 3.5 0.5 12 or 13 5.1 8.9 100.0 17.7 2.5 2.4 37.1 3.2 4.2 3.9 6.8 6.0 10.2 0.4 5.4 0.2 14 + 6.6 16.6 100.0 17.8 1.6 5.5 36.9 8.1 6.1 5.0 6.3 4.2 2.7 1.3 4.3 0.2 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 19.6 1.8 4.0 40.4 4.1 4.5 4.7 5.4 4.4 4.3 2.2 4.5 0.2

Page 70 Table 14a.1.B2 Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 2,776 4,985 356,701 105,116 7,507 5,849 169,426 9,964 19,942 9,729 14,998 4,806 21 398 8,943 0 3 2,639 7,917 365,958 106,585 11,881 15,106 150,701 11,728 10,886 10,334 11,133 10,834 2,275 8,291 16,204 0 4 4,129 16,530 680,594 197,197 20,067 28,515 272,498 34,570 46,972 10,055 11,227 23,158 14,711 0 21,623 0

5 4,186 20,978 936,866 302,118 24,260 46,698 301,551 44,836 34,053 48,025 34,058 32,071 20,107 6,410 41,982 696 6 4,022 24,210 868,126 303,812 29,178 35,081 287,313 47,635 32,762 14,973 21,953 45,825 14,526 261 34,807 0 7 4,376 30,689 993,457 348,541 36,007 45,310 334,804 28,424 34,825 30,142 16,123 38,907 21,543 12,989 45,843 0

8 2,742 21,864 578,591 201,925 14,977 25,621 196,049 23,996 19,300 16,391 24,862 17,060 12,194 1,050 25,166 0 9 2,114 18,924 617,886 195,666 16,005 29,286 181,014 17,704 71,071 21,249 11,616 24,553 17,235 3,360 29,127 0 10 or 11 2,501 26,111 843,110 300,297 21,563 44,571 206,739 41,970 58,165 60,829 12,784 35,028 16,971 5,537 38,657 0

12 or 13 1,345 16,626 455,758 160,031 15,100 23,323 143,086 11,342 20,879 8,322 12,372 21,156 14,781 4,120 21,245 0 14 + 1,112 18,018 576,699 223,309 18,037 26,991 98,233 35,703 65,778 33,713 7,553 22,534 16,586 1,690 26,572 0 Average 31,942 206,851 7,273,747 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 2,341,415 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 14a.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (including rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 8.7 2.4 100.0 29.5 2.1 1.6 47.5 2.8 5.6 2.7 4.2 1.3 0.0 0.1 2.5 0.0 3 8.3 3.8 100.0 29.1 3.2 4.1 41.2 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0 0.6 2.3 4.4 0.0 4 12.9 8.0 100.0 29.0 2.9 4.2 40.0 5.1 6.9 1.5 1.6 3.4 2.2 0.0 3.2 0.0 5 13.1 10.1 100.0 32.2 2.6 5.0 32.2 4.8 3.6 5.1 3.6 3.4 2.1 0.7 4.5 0.1 6 12.6 11.7 100.0 35.0 3.4 4.0 33.1 5.5 3.8 1.7 2.5 5.3 1.7 0.0 4.0 0.0 7 13.7 14.8 100.0 35.1 3.6 4.6 33.7 2.9 3.5 3.0 1.6 3.9 2.2 1.3 4.6 0.0 8 8.6 10.6 100.0 34.9 2.6 4.4 33.9 4.1 3.3 2.8 4.3 2.9 2.1 0.2 4.3 0.0 9 6.6 9.1 100.0 31.7 2.6 4.7 29.3 2.9 11.5 3.4 1.9 4.0 2.8 0.5 4.7 0.0 10 or 11 7.8 12.6 100.0 35.6 2.6 5.3 24.5 5.0 6.9 7.2 1.5 4.2 2.0 0.7 4.6 0.0 12 or 13 4.2 8.0 100.0 35.1 3.3 5.1 31.4 2.5 4.6 1.8 2.7 4.6 3.2 0.9 4.7 0.0 14 + 3.5 8.7 100.0 38.7 3.1 4.7 17.0 6.2 11.4 5.8 1.3 3.9 2.9 0.3 4.6 0.0 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 33.6 3.0 4.5 32.2 4.2 5.7 3.6 2.5 3.8 2.1 0.6 4.3 0.0

Page 71 Table 14b.1.A Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 3,365 6,002 386,420 140,937 12,784 27,766 39,327 21,578 24,722 25,833 29,611 11,587 6,570 21,202 24,505 0 3 3,556 10,668 438,741 165,929 15,646 28,034 55,460 32,636 21,457 25,405 25,690 24,930 5,028 10,270 28,257 0 4 5,884 23,514 960,753 352,547 27,640 49,682 94,741 63,755 96,909 39,577 38,850 52,807 33,518 32,154 78,573 0

5 5,464 27,360 1,178,777 427,947 41,209 70,305 133,299 69,856 54,219 83,378 75,196 51,468 87,803 18,549 63,967 1,581 6 5,120 30,811 979,224 405,923 35,882 54,465 116,616 64,476 57,741 36,834 47,837 66,468 32,035 8,411 52,538 0 7 5,272 36,986 1,049,173 442,900 46,969 60,611 134,333 40,216 45,684 52,565 35,142 65,304 38,064 25,598 61,787 0

8 3,611 28,815 769,368 315,542 25,232 39,057 93,822 41,008 32,866 47,429 40,851 35,902 25,414 25,598 46,646 0 9 2,559 22,897 674,919 243,260 20,626 41,354 63,692 31,056 89,921 40,720 37,168 39,208 23,370 3,493 38,561 2,490 10 or 11 3,997 41,731 1,259,936 479,752 34,135 84,667 131,105 64,948 99,612 87,119 65,419 79,768 49,697 9,852 69,522 4,340

12 or 13 1,881 23,386 683,585 239,458 26,348 34,080 89,521 25,486 39,638 25,599 42,770 48,042 60,536 6,002 45,309 797 14 + 1,816 30,637 943,302 329,826 27,876 59,806 87,399 84,006 102,378 63,606 45,374 47,613 32,742 9,416 52,154 1,106 Average 42,526 282,808 9,324,199 3,544,021 314,347 549,827 1,039,316 539,021 665,147 528,063 483,908 523,096 394,778 170,545 561,819 10,313

Table 14b.2.A Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 0. Republic (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 7.9 2.1 100.0 36.5 3.3 7.2 10.2 5.6 6.4 6.7 7.7 3.0 1.7 5.5 6.3 0.0 3 8.4 3.8 100.0 37.8 3.6 6.4 12.6 7.4 4.9 5.8 5.9 5.7 1.1 2.3 6.4 0.0 4 13.8 8.3 100.0 36.7 2.9 5.2 9.9 6.6 10.1 4.1 4.0 5.5 3.5 3.3 8.2 0.0 5 12.8 9.7 100.0 36.3 3.5 6.0 11.3 5.9 4.6 7.1 6.4 4.4 7.4 1.6 5.4 0.1 6 12.0 10.9 100.0 41.5 3.7 5.6 11.9 6.6 5.9 3.8 4.9 6.8 3.3 0.9 5.4 0.0 7 12.4 13.1 100.0 42.2 4.5 5.8 12.8 3.8 4.4 5.0 3.3 6.2 3.6 2.4 5.9 0.0 8 8.5 10.2 100.0 41.0 3.3 5.1 12.2 5.3 4.3 6.2 5.3 4.7 3.3 3.3 6.1 0.0 9 6.0 8.1 100.0 36.0 3.1 6.1 9.4 4.6 13.3 6.0 5.5 5.8 3.5 0.5 5.7 0.4 10 or 11 9.4 14.8 100.0 38.1 2.7 6.7 10.4 5.2 7.9 6.9 5.2 6.3 3.9 0.8 5.5 0.3 12 or 13 4.4 8.3 100.0 35.0 3.9 5.0 13.1 3.7 5.8 3.7 6.3 7.0 8.9 0.9 6.6 0.1 14 + 4.3 10.8 100.0 35.0 3.0 6.3 9.3 8.9 10.9 6.7 4.8 5.0 3.5 1.0 5.5 0.1 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 38.0 3.4 5.9 11.1 5.8 7.1 5.7 5.2 5.6 4.2 1.8 6.0 0.1

Page 72 Table 14b.1.B1 Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 589 1,017 171,748 35,820 5,277 21,917 11,930 11,614 4,780 16,104 14,612 6,780 6,549 20,804 15,562 0 3 917 2,751 190,087 59,344 3,765 12,928 22,063 20,908 10,571 15,071 14,556 14,096 2,752 1,979 12,053 0 4 1,756 6,984 502,751 155,350 7,573 21,167 44,834 29,185 49,937 29,522 27,623 29,649 18,807 32,154 56,951 0

5 1,278 6,382 464,675 125,829 16,950 23,607 54,512 25,019 20,166 35,352 41,138 19,397 67,696 12,139 21,985 885 6 1,098 6,601 329,155 102,111 6,704 19,383 47,360 16,841 24,978 21,860 25,884 20,643 17,509 8,151 17,730 0 7 896 6,297 289,098 94,359 10,962 15,301 32,911 11,793 10,859 22,423 19,020 26,396 16,521 12,609 15,944 0

8 869 6,951 339,738 113,617 10,256 13,436 46,733 17,012 13,566 31,039 15,990 18,841 13,220 24,548 21,480 0 9 445 3,973 195,358 47,595 4,621 12,068 21,004 13,352 18,850 19,470 25,552 14,654 6,135 133 9,435 2,490 10 or 11 1,496 15,621 568,692 179,455 12,572 40,096 76,233 22,978 41,447 26,290 52,635 44,740 32,727 4,315 30,865 4,340

12 or 13 537 6,760 319,005 79,426 11,248 10,758 37,613 14,143 18,759 17,277 30,398 26,886 45,755 1,882 24,064 797 14 + 704 12,619 434,022 106,517 9,840 32,816 56,584 48,302 36,600 29,893 37,821 25,079 16,156 7,726 25,582 1,106 Average 10,583 75,957 3,804,329 1,099,424 99,767 223,476 451,778 231,149 250,512 264,301 305,228 247,162 243,827 126,439 251,650 9,617

Table 14b.2.B1 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 1. Male' (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 5.6 1.3 100.0 20.9 3.1 12.8 6.9 6.8 2.8 9.4 8.5 3.9 3.8 12.1 9.1 0.0 3 8.7 3.6 100.0 31.2 2.0 6.8 11.6 11.0 5.6 7.9 7.7 7.4 1.4 1.0 6.3 0.0 4 16.6 9.2 100.0 30.9 1.5 4.2 8.9 5.8 9.9 5.9 5.5 5.9 3.7 6.4 11.3 0.0 5 12.1 8.4 100.0 27.1 3.6 5.1 11.7 5.4 4.3 7.6 8.9 4.2 14.6 2.6 4.7 0.2 6 10.4 8.7 100.0 31.0 2.0 5.9 14.4 5.1 7.6 6.6 7.9 6.3 5.3 2.5 5.4 0.0 7 8.5 8.3 100.0 32.6 3.8 5.3 11.4 4.1 3.8 7.8 6.6 9.1 5.7 4.4 5.5 0.0 8 8.2 9.2 100.0 33.4 3.0 4.0 13.8 5.0 4.0 9.1 4.7 5.5 3.9 7.2 6.3 0.0 9 4.2 5.2 100.0 24.4 2.4 6.2 10.8 6.8 9.6 10.0 13.1 7.5 3.1 0.1 4.8 1.3 10 or 11 14.1 20.6 100.0 31.6 2.2 7.1 13.4 4.0 7.3 4.6 9.3 7.9 5.8 0.8 5.4 0.8 12 or 13 5.1 8.9 100.0 24.9 3.5 3.4 11.8 4.4 5.9 5.4 9.5 8.4 14.3 0.6 7.5 0.2 14 + 6.6 16.6 100.0 24.5 2.3 7.6 13.0 11.1 8.4 6.9 8.7 5.8 3.7 1.8 5.9 0.3 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 28.9 2.6 5.9 11.9 6.1 6.6 6.9 8.0 6.5 6.4 3.3 6.6 0.3

Page 73 Table 14b.1.B2 Expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 2,776 4,985 214,672 105,116 7,507 5,849 27,397 9,964 19,942 9,729 14,998 4,806 21 398 8,943 0 3 2,639 7,917 248,654 106,585 11,881 15,106 33,397 11,728 10,886 10,334 11,133 10,834 2,275 8,291 16,204 0 4 4,129 16,530 458,002 197,197 20,067 28,515 49,907 34,570 46,972 10,055 11,227 23,158 14,711 0 21,623 0

5 4,186 20,978 714,102 302,118 24,260 46,698 78,787 44,836 34,053 48,025 34,058 32,071 20,107 6,410 41,982 696 6 4,022 24,210 650,069 303,812 29,178 35,081 69,256 47,635 32,762 14,973 21,953 45,825 14,526 261 34,807 0 7 4,376 30,689 760,075 348,541 36,007 45,310 101,422 28,424 34,825 30,142 16,123 38,907 21,543 12,989 45,843 0

8 2,742 21,864 429,631 201,925 14,977 25,621 47,089 23,996 19,300 16,391 24,862 17,060 12,194 1,050 25,166 0 9 2,114 18,924 479,561 195,666 16,005 29,286 42,689 17,704 71,071 21,249 11,616 24,553 17,235 3,360 29,127 0 10 or 11 2,501 26,111 691,244 300,297 21,563 44,571 54,872 41,970 58,165 60,829 12,784 35,028 16,971 5,537 38,657 0

12 or 13 1,345 16,626 364,580 160,031 15,100 23,323 51,908 11,342 20,879 8,322 12,372 21,156 14,781 4,120 21,245 0 14 + 1,112 18,018 509,280 223,309 18,037 26,991 30,814 35,703 65,778 33,713 7,553 22,534 16,586 1,690 26,572 0 Average 31,942 206,851 5,519,870 2,444,597 214,580 326,351 587,538 307,872 414,634 263,763 178,680 275,934 150,951 44,106 310,169 696

Table 14b.2.B2 Percentage shares in expenditures by COICOP groups and household size (Excluding rent) 2. Atolls (Expenditures per person per day, Rufiyaa) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Tobacco and Housing, Hotels, Cafes Miscellaneou Household Number of Number of Total Expen- Foods and Clothing and Household Communi- Recreation Religious chewing water and Health Transport Education And Restau- s Goods And size Households Persons ditures beverages footwear operations cations And Culture expenses products electricity rants Services 1 or 2 8.7 2.4 100.0 49.0 3.5 2.7 12.8 4.6 9.3 4.5 7.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 4.2 0.0 3 8.3 3.8 100.0 42.9 4.8 6.1 13.4 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.4 0.9 3.3 6.5 0.0 4 12.9 8.0 100.0 43.1 4.4 6.2 10.9 7.5 10.3 2.2 2.5 5.1 3.2 0.0 4.7 0.0 5 13.1 10.1 100.0 42.3 3.4 6.5 11.0 6.3 4.8 6.7 4.8 4.5 2.8 0.9 5.9 0.1 6 12.6 11.7 100.0 46.7 4.5 5.4 10.7 7.3 5.0 2.3 3.4 7.0 2.2 0.0 5.4 0.0 7 13.7 14.8 100.0 45.9 4.7 6.0 13.3 3.7 4.6 4.0 2.1 5.1 2.8 1.7 6.0 0.0 8 8.6 10.6 100.0 47.0 3.5 6.0 11.0 5.6 4.5 3.8 5.8 4.0 2.8 0.2 5.9 0.0 9 6.6 9.1 100.0 40.8 3.3 6.1 8.9 3.7 14.8 4.4 2.4 5.1 3.6 0.7 6.1 0.0 10 or 11 7.8 12.6 100.0 43.4 3.1 6.4 7.9 6.1 8.4 8.8 1.8 5.1 2.5 0.8 5.6 0.0 12 or 13 4.2 8.0 100.0 43.9 4.1 6.4 14.2 3.1 5.7 2.3 3.4 5.8 4.1 1.1 5.8 0.0 14 + 3.5 8.7 100.0 43.8 3.5 5.3 6.1 7.0 12.9 6.6 1.5 4.4 3.3 0.3 5.2 0.0 Average 100.0 100.0 100.0 44.3 3.9 5.9 10.6 5.6 7.5 4.8 3.2 5.0 2.7 0.8 5.6 0.0

Page 74 Table 15.1 Average monthly expenditure on (imputed) rent by tenure type All households Owner-occupied Rent-free Rented Number of Number of Number of Number of Region Average rent Average rent Average rent Average rent Households Households Households Households

Republic 42,526 55 35,954 50 2,393 53 4,179 58 Male' 10,583 125 6,243 133 703 113 3,637 113 Atolls 31,942 33 29,710 33 1,690 28 542 17

Table 15.2 Percentage distribution of expenditure on (imputed) rent by tenure type All households Owner-occupied Rent-free Rented Number of Number of Number of Number of Region Average rent Average rent Average rent Average rent Households Households Households Households

Republic 100.0 100.0 84.5 90.9 5.6 95.4 9.8 104.1 Male' 100.0 100.0 59.0 106.5 6.6 90.8 34.4 90.6 Atolls 100.0 100.0 93.0 101.7 5.3 85.5 1.7 52.7

Table 15.3 Percentage distribution of expenditure on (imputed) rent by tenure type All households Owner-occupied Rent-free Rented Number of Number of Number of Number of Region Average rent Average rent Average rent Average rent Households Households Households Households

Republic 100.0 44.5 100.0 38.0 100.0 46.8 100.0 51.1 Male' 24.9 100.0 17.4 100.0 29.4 100.0 87.0 100.0 Atolls 75.1 26.1 82.6 24.9 70.6 24.6 13.0 15.2

Page 75 Table 16.1.A Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 0. Republic 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 35,954 755 2,653 5,076 6,591 6,197 5,792 3,945 3,008 1,937 Rent free 2,393 79 420 467 613 499 95 73 73 73 Rented 4,179 229 1,377 1,176 679 593 104 0 0 21 Total 42,526 1,064 4,449 6,718 7,883 7,289 5,991 4,019 3,081 2,032 Persons Owner occupied 239,742 4,588 13,031 29,070 38,003 36,904 40,960 31,936 24,581 20,669 Rent free 14,504 148 2,071 2,531 4,208 3,115 657 512 147 1,115 Rented 28,562 478 6,657 7,405 6,566 5,859 1,342 0 0 255 Total 282,808 5,214 21,759 39,006 48,777 45,878 42,960 32,448 24,728 22,039 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.7 6.1 4.9 5.7 5.8 6.0 7.1 8.1 8.2 10.7 Rent free 6.1 1.9 4.9 5.4 6.9 6.2 6.9 7.0 2.0 15.2 Rented 6.8 2.1 4.8 6.3 9.7 9.9 12.9 0.0 0.0 12.1 Average 6.7 4.9 4.9 5.8 6.2 6.3 7.2 8.1 8.0 10.8

Table 16.2.A Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 0. Republic 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more

Owner occupied 100.0 2.1 7.4 14.1 18.3 17.2 16.1 11.0 8.4 5.4 Rent free 100.0 3.3 17.5 19.5 25.6 20.9 4.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 Rented 100.0 5.5 32.9 28.1 16.3 14.2 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 Total 100.0 2.5 10.5 15.8 18.5 17.1 14.1 9.4 7.2 4.8

Owner occupied 84.5 1.8 6.2 11.9 15.5 14.6 13.6 9.3 7.1 4.6 Rent free 5.6 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Rented 9.8 0.5 3.2 2.8 1.6 1.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 2.5 10.5 15.8 18.5 17.1 14.1 9.4 7.2 4.8

Page 76 Table 16.1.B1 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 1. Male' 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 6,243 297 819 1,591 1,071 888 782 194 284 317 Rent free 703 79 151 250 135 38 51 0 0 0 Rented 3,637 185 1,022 1,032 679 593 104 0 0 21 Total 10,583 562 1,993 2,872 1,885 1,519 937 194 284 338 Persons Owner occupied 44,557 2,194 4,201 7,842 7,758 5,912 6,588 3,027 3,034 4,000 Rent free 4,217 148 840 1,428 1,190 265 346 0 0 0 Rented 27,183 436 5,787 6,938 6,566 5,859 1,342 0 0 255 Total 75,957 2,778 10,827 16,208 15,514 12,036 8,277 3,027 3,034 4,255 Persons/household Owner occupied 7.1 7.4 5.1 4.9 7.2 6.7 8.4 15.6 10.7 12.6 Rent free 6.0 1.9 5.6 5.7 8.8 7.0 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 7.5 2.4 5.7 6.7 9.7 9.9 12.9 0.0 0.0 12.1 Average 7.2 4.9 5.4 5.6 8.2 7.9 8.8 15.6 10.7 12.6

Table 16.2.B1 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 1. Male' 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 4.8 13.1 25.5 17.2 14.2 12.5 3.1 4.5 5.1 Rent free 100.0 11.2 21.5 35.5 19.1 5.4 7.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 100.0 5.1 28.1 28.4 18.7 16.3 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.6 Total 100.0 5.3 18.8 27.1 17.8 14.4 8.9 1.8 2.7 3.2

Owner occupied 59.0 2.8 7.7 15.0 10.1 8.4 7.4 1.8 2.7 3.0 Rent free 6.6 0.7 1.4 2.4 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 34.4 1.8 9.7 9.7 6.4 5.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Total 100.0 5.3 18.8 27.1 17.8 14.4 8.9 1.8 2.7 3.2

Page 77 Table 16.1.B2 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2. Atolls 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 29,710 458 1,833 3,485 5,519 5,309 5,010 3,751 2,724 1,621 Rent free 1,690 0 268 217 478 461 44 73 73 73 Rented 542 44 354 144 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 31,942 502 2,456 3,846 5,997 5,770 5,054 3,825 2,797 1,694 Persons Owner occupied 195,185 2,394 8,830 21,228 30,245 30,992 34,372 28,909 21,547 16,668 Rent free 10,287 0 1,231 1,103 3,018 2,850 311 512 147 1,115 Rented 1,379 42 870 467 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 206,851 2,436 10,931 22,798 33,263 33,841 34,683 29,421 21,694 17,784 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.6 5.2 4.8 6.1 5.5 5.8 6.9 7.7 7.9 10.3 Rent free 6.1 0.0 4.6 5.1 6.3 6.2 7.1 7.0 2.0 15.2 Rented 2.5 1.0 2.5 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 6.5 4.9 4.5 5.9 5.5 5.9 6.9 7.7 7.8 10.5

Table 16.2.B2 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2. Atolls 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 1.5 6.2 11.7 18.6 17.9 16.9 12.6 9.2 5.5 Rent free 100.0 0.0 15.9 12.9 28.3 27.3 2.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 Rented 100.0 8.1 65.3 26.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 1.6 7.7 12.0 18.8 18.1 15.8 12.0 8.8 5.3

Owner occupied 93.0 1.4 5.7 10.9 17.3 16.6 15.7 11.7 8.5 5.1 Rent free 5.3 0.0 0.8 0.7 1.5 1.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 Rented 1.7 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 1.6 7.7 12.0 18.8 18.1 15.8 12.0 8.8 5.3

Page 78 Table 16.1.C1 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.1 Northern Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 7,038 69 447 443 1,258 1,490 1,023 805 931 572 Rent free 2580696001290000 Rented 189 0 128 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 7,485 69 644 564 1,258 1,619 1,023 805 931 572 Persons Owner occupied 45,089 197 2,511 2,260 7,270 7,675 7,058 5,571 7,083 5,466 Rent free 1,749 0 407 623 0 719 0 0 0 0 Rented 436 0 257 179 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 47,274 197 3,175 3,062 7,270 8,394 7,058 5,571 7,083 5,466 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.4 2.9 5.6 5.1 5.8 5.2 6.9 6.9 7.6 9.6 Rent free 6.8 0.0 5.9 10.3 0.0 5.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 2.3 0.0 2.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 6.3 2.9 4.9 5.4 5.8 5.2 6.9 6.9 7.6 9.6

Table 16.2.C1 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.1 Northern Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 1.0 6.4 6.3 17.9 21.2 14.5 11.4 13.2 8.1 Rent free 100.0 0.0 26.6 23.4 0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 100.0 0.0 68.0 32.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 0.9 8.6 7.5 16.8 21.6 13.7 10.8 12.4 7.6

Owner occupied 94.0 0.9 6.0 5.9 16.8 19.9 13.7 10.8 12.4 7.6 Rent free 3.5 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 2.5 0.0 1.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 1.0 6.4 6.3 17.9 21.2 14.5 11.4 13.2 8.1

Page 79 Table 16.1.C2 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.2 Central Northern Regi 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 6,236 272 340 661 933 987 1,390 510 841 301 Rent free 757 0 73 73 268 121 0 73 73 73 Rented 14701470000000 Total 7,139 272 561 735 1,201 1,108 1,390 584 914 375 Persons Owner occupied 40,646 1,456 1,701 4,051 5,142 7,471 9,132 3,406 6,055 2,231 Rent free 4,604 0 456 224 1,656 493 0 512 147 1,115 Rented 37903790000000 Total 45,630 1,456 2,536 4,276 6,798 7,964 9,132 3,918 6,203 3,347 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.5 5.4 5.0 6.1 5.5 7.6 6.6 6.7 7.2 7.4 Rent free 6.1 0.0 6.2 3.1 6.2 4.1 0.0 7.0 2.0 15.2 Rented 2.6 0.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 6.4 5.4 4.5 5.8 5.7 7.2 6.6 6.7 6.8 8.9

Table 16.2.C2 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.2 Central Northern Regi 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 4.4 5.5 10.6 15.0 15.8 22.3 8.2 13.5 4.8 Rent free 100.0 0.0 9.7 9.7 35.4 16.0 0.0 9.7 9.7 9.7 Rented 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 3.8 7.9 10.3 16.8 15.5 19.5 8.2 12.8 5.2

Owner occupied 87.3 3.8 4.8 9.3 13.1 13.8 19.5 7.1 11.8 4.2 Rent free 10.6 0.0 1.0 1.0 3.8 1.7 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Rented 2.1 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 3.8 7.9 10.3 16.8 15.5 19.5 8.2 12.8 5.2

Page 80 Table 16.1.C3 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.3 Central Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 3,800 0 28 226 860 738 574 710 277 386 Rent free 186 040404067 0 0 0 0 Rented 11907940000000 Total 4,104 0 146 305 900 805 574 710 277 386 Persons Owner occupied 31,342 0 82 1,001 4,859 4,382 5,501 6,465 3,089 5,963 Rent free 1,055 0 200 121 347 387 0 0 0 0 Rented 434 0 234 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 32,831 0 516 1,322 5,206 4,769 5,501 6,465 3,089 5,963 Persons/household Owner occupied 8.2 0.0 3.0 4.4 5.6 5.9 9.6 9.1 11.1 15.4 Rent free 5.7 0.0 5.1 3.1 8.8 5.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 3.7 0.0 3.0 5.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 8.0 0.0 3.5 4.3 5.8 5.9 9.6 9.1 11.1 15.4

Table 16.2.C3 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.3 Central Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 0.0 0.7 6.0 22.6 19.4 15.1 18.7 7.3 10.2 Rent free 100.0 0.0 21.3 21.3 21.3 36.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 100.0 0.0 66.7 33.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 0.0 3.6 7.4 21.9 19.6 14.0 17.3 6.8 9.4

Owner occupied 92.6 0.0 0.7 5.5 21.0 18.0 14.0 17.3 6.8 9.4 Rent free 4.5 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 2.9 0.0 1.9 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 0.0 3.6 7.4 21.9 19.6 14.0 17.3 6.8 9.4

Page 81 Table 16.1.C4 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.4 Central Southern Reg 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 4,523 0 214 611 872 698 797 772 298 262 Rent free 350 0 87 44 131 44 44 0 0 0 Rented 8844044000000 Total 4,961 44 301 699 1,002 742 841 772 298 262 Persons Owner occupied 28,173 0 986 3,270 4,654 3,642 4,293 6,171 2,946 2,210 Rent free 1,586 0 168 134 749 223 311 0 0 0 Rented 13042088000000 Total 29,889 42 1,154 3,493 5,403 3,865 4,604 6,171 2,946 2,210 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.2 0.0 4.6 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.4 8.0 9.9 8.4 Rent free 4.5 0.0 1.9 3.1 5.7 5.1 7.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 1.5 1.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 6.0 1.0 3.8 5.0 5.4 5.2 5.5 8.0 9.9 8.4

Table 16.2.C4 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.4 Central Southern Reg 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 0.0 4.7 13.5 19.3 15.4 17.6 17.1 6.6 5.8 Rent free 100.0 0.0 24.8 12.6 37.4 12.6 12.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 100.0 50.0 0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 0.9 6.1 14.1 20.2 15.0 16.9 15.6 6.0 5.3

Owner occupied 94.3 0.0 3.3 10.9 15.6 12.2 14.4 20.6 9.9 7.4 Rent free 5.3 0.0 0.6 0.4 2.5 0.7 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 0.1 3.9 11.7 18.1 12.9 15.4 20.6 9.9 7.4

Page 82 Table 16.1.C5 Number of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.5 Southern Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Households Owner occupied 8,113 118 804 1,543 1,597 1,396 1,226 954 377 100 Rent free 139000391000000 Rented 0000000000 Total 8,252 118 804 1,543 1,637 1,495 1,226 954 377 100 Persons Owner occupied 49,934 741 3,550 10,645 8,321 7,821 8,389 7,296 2,373 798 Rent free 1,293 0 0 0 266 1,027 0 0 0 0 Rented 0000000000 Total 51,227 741 3,550 10,645 8,586 8,849 8,389 7,296 2,373 798 Persons/household Owner occupied 6.2 6.3 4.4 6.9 5.2 5.6 6.8 7.7 6.3 8.0 Rent free 9.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.8 10.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Average 6.2 6.3 4.4 6.9 5.2 5.9 6.8 7.7 6.3 8.0

Table 16.2.C5 Percentage distribution of households by tenure and number of rooms 2.5 Southern Region 9 rooms and Tenure All 1 room 2 rooms 3 rooms 4 rooms 5 rooms 6 rooms 7 rooms 8 rooms more Owner occupied 100.0 1.5 9.9 19.0 19.7 17.2 15.1 11.8 4.6 1.2 Rent free 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28.3 71.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 1.4 9.7 18.7 19.8 18.1 14.9 11.6 4.6 1.2

Owner occupied 97.5 1.4 6.9 20.8 16.2 15.3 16.4 14.2 4.6 1.6 Rent free 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rented 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 1.4 6.9 20.8 16.8 17.3 16.4 14.2 4.6 1.6

Page 83 Table 17 Number of employed Maldivian persons by occupation group and sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls Maldives Total Male' Atolls Occupational group Number of Males Females Employment Number of Males Females Employment Number of Males Females Employment Persons Shares (%) Persons Shares (%) Persons Shares (%) Professional, Technical workers 6,439 5,762 676 8.1 3,142 2,807 335 12.1 3,297 2,955 341 6.2 Administrative workers 11,404 5,322 6,082 14.4 4,565 2,601 1,964 17.5 6,839 2,721 4,118 12.9 Clerical workers, etc 7,966 5,787 2,180 10.1 3,947 2,968 980 15.1 4,019 2,819 1,200 7.6 Sales workers 4,136 2,003 2,133 5.2 2,262 972 1,290 8.7 1,874 1,032 843 3.5 Service workers 7,843 5,741 2,102 9.9 4,034 3,427 607 15.5 3,809 2,314 1,495 7.2 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 13,898 11,531 2,367 17.6 329 313 16 1.3 13,569 11,218 2,352 25.6 Production workers, etc 25,392 13,873 11,519 32.1 6,678 4,079 2,599 25.6 18,714 9,794 8,921 35.3 Workers not classified 1,980 1,481 499 2.5 1,106 835 271 4.2 874 646 228 1.6

Total all groups 79,059 51,500 27,559 100.0 26,063 18,002 8,061 100.0 52,996 33,498 19,498 100.0

Page 84 Table 18 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity and sex, in Maldives, Male' and Atolls Maldives Total Male' Atolls Industry / Activity Number of Males Females Employment Number of Males Females Employment Number of Males Females Employment Persons Shares (%) Persons Shares (%) Persons Shares (%)

A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 3,043 852 2,191 3.8 0 0 0 0.0 3,043 852 2,191 5.7 B Fishing 10,659 10,371 288 13.5 260 260 0 1.0 10,399 10,111 288 19.6 C Mining And Quarrying 221 182 39 0.3 36 36 0 0.1 185 146 39 0.3 D Manufacturing 14,030 4,851 9,179 17.7 2,935 1,336 1,599 11.3 11,095 3,515 7,580 20.9 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,204 1,109 95 1.5 257 257 0 1.0 947 852 95 1.8 F Construction 3,024 3,024 0 3.8 854 854 0 3.3 2,170 2,170 0 4.1

G Wholesale And Retail Trade 8,256 6,343 1,912 10.4 4,913 4,042 872 18.9 3,342 2,302 1,041 6.3 H Hotels And Restaurants 4,535 3,657 878 5.7 1,790 1,446 344 6.9 2,744 2,211 533 5.2 I Transport, Storage And Communications 4,636 4,333 303 5.9 2,385 2,147 238 9.2 2,251 2,186 65 4.2

J Financial Intermediation 397 114 283 0.5 283 0 283 1.1 114 114 0 0.2 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,137 1,044 93 1.4 977 945 32 3.7 160 99 61 0.3 L Public Administration And Defence 12,884 9,752 3,132 16.3 6,193 4,360 1,832 23.8 6,692 5,392 1,300 12.6

M Education 6,905 1,949 4,956 8.7 2,144 446 1,698 8.2 4,761 1,503 3,259 9.0 N Health And Social Work 3,215 598 2,616 4.1 879 254 626 3.4 2,335 344 1,991 4.4 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 2,421 1,536 885 3.1 898 661 237 3.4 1,524 875 648 2.9

P Private Households With Employed Persons 399 101 298 0.5 221 101 120 0.8 178 0 178 0.3 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 43 43 0 0.1 43 43 0 0.2 0 0 0 0.0 Activity Not Specified 2,050 1,642 409 2.6 994 814 181 3.8 1,056 828 228 2.0

Total all groups 79,059 51,500 27,559 100.0 26,063 18,002 8,061 100.0 52,996 33,498 19,498 100.0

Page 85 Table 19.A Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 0. Republic Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Both sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 3,043 0000383,00600 B Fishing 10,659 185 0 77 0 0 10,038 359 0 C Mining And Quarrying 221 0000002210 D Manufacturing 14,030 274 474 150 0 637 338 12,158 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,204 73 90 648 148 31 0 214 0 F Construction 3,024 188 185 88 0 0 0 2,563 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 8,256 2,579 317 509 932 3,271 0 583 65 H Hotels And Restaurants 4,535 712 324 388 665 1,056 83 1,307 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 4,636 255 280 1,562 123 199 0 2,217 0 J Financial Intermediation 397 00035104600 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,137 136 359 438 84 18 0 102 0 L Public Administration And Defence 12,884 1,685 1,674 2,224 1,378 2,224 117 3,488 96 M Education 6,905 300 5,202 566 218 0 0 620 0 N Health And Social Work 3,215 0 1,781 637 197 113 0 486 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 2,421 0 719 636 42 81 88 808 47 P Private Households With Employed Persons 399 0 0 0 0 175 0 225 0 Q4Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 3004300000 Activity Not Specified 2,050 53 0 0 0 0 182 43 1,772 Total all groups 79,059 6,439 11,404 7,966 4,136 7,843 13,898 25,392 1,980

Table 19.A Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 0. Republic Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 852 0000085200 B Fishing 10,371 127 0 77 0 0 9,981 186 0 C Mining And Quarrying 182 0000001820 D Manufacturing 4,851 274 305 150 0 217 240 3,665 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,109 73 90 648 53 31 0 214 0 F Construction 3,024 188 185 88 0 0 0 2,563 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 6,343 2,232 206 463 574 2,342 0 462 65 H Hotels And Restaurants 3,657 599 281 345 503 922 83 924 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 4,333 255 280 1,411 18 199 0 2,170 0 J Financial Intermediation 114 0006704600 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,044 136 359 377 52 18 0 102 0 L Public Administration And Defence 9,752 1,526 1,390 1,471 736 1,930 101 2,545 53 M Education 1,949 300 1,342 48 0 0 0 259 0 N Health And Social Work 598 0 344 171 0 38 0 45 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,536 0 540 495 0 43 46 412 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 101 0000001010 Q4Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 3004300000 Activity Not Specified 1,642 53 0 0 0 0 182 43 1,363 Total all groups 51,500 5,762 5,322 5,787 2,003 5,741 11,531 13,873 1,481

Page 86 Table 19.A Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 0. Republic Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 2,191 0000382,15400 B Fishing 288 58 0 0 0 0 58 173 0 C Mining And Quarrying 39 000000390 D Manufacturing 9,179 0 169 0 0 420 98 8,493 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 95 000950000 F Construction 0 00000000 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 1,912 347 112 46 358 930 0 121 0 H Hotels And Restaurants 878 113 43 43 162 134 0 383 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 303 0 0 151 105 0 0 47 0 J Financial Intermediation 283 0002830000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 93 0061320000 L Public Administration And Defence 3,132 159 284 753 642 294 16 942 43 M Education 4,956 0 3,860 518 218 0 0 361 0 N Health And Social Work 2,616 0 1,437 466 197 75 0 441 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 885 0 179 142 42 37 42 396 47 P Private Households With Employed Persons 298 0 0 0 0 175 0 123 0 Q0Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 00000000 Activity Not Specified 409 0000000409 Total all groups 27,559 676 6,082 2,180 2,133 2,102 2,367 11,519 499

Table 19.B1 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 1. Male' Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Both sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0 00000000 B Fishing 260 0000026000 C Mining And Quarrying 36 000000360 D Manufacturing 2,935 210 173 150 0 105 0 2,298 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 257 0439953 0 062 0 F Construction 854 188 113 88 0 0 0 466 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 4,913 1,125 161 414 794 1,853 0 502 65 H Hotels And Restaurants 1,790 523 184 198 335 382 0 169 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,385 96 280 835 123 48 0 1,003 0 J Financial Intermediation 283 0002830000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 977 136 359 332 84 18 0 48 0 L Public Administration And Defence 6,193 811 879 1,017 270 1,594 69 1,456 96 M Education 2,144 0 1,580 279 123 0 0 162 0 N Health And Social Work 879 0 505 113 197 0 0 64 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 898 0 288 379 0 0 0 183 47 P Private Households With Employed Persons 221 0 0 0 0 35 0 187 0 Q4Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 3004300000 Activity Not Specified 994 53 0 0 0 0 0 43 898 Total all groups 26,063 3,142 4,565 3,947 2,262 4,034 329 6,678 1,106

Page 87 Table 19.B1 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 1. Male' Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0 B Fishing 260 260 C Mining And Quarrying 36 36 D Manufacturing 1,336 210 90 150 65 821 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 257 43 99 53 62 F Construction 854 188 113 88 466 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 4,042 992 87 368 501 1,567 462 65 H Hotels And Restaurants 1,446 480 141 156 211 324 134 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,147 96 280 749 18 48 956 J Financial Intermediation 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 945 136 359 332 52 18 48 L Public Administration And Defence 4,360 652 630 632 136 1,405 53 799 53 M Education 446 398 48 N Health And Social Work 254 209 45 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 661 250 304 107 P Private Households With Employed Persons 101 101 Q4Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 3 43 Activity Not Specified 814 53 43 717

Total all groups 18,002 2,807 2,601 2,968 972 3,427 313 4,079 835

Table 19.B1 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 1. Male' Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0 B Fishing 0 C Mining And Quarrying 0 D Manufacturing 1,599 82 40 1,477 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 0 F Construction 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 872 133 74 46 292 286 40 H Hotels And Restaurants 344 43 43 43 124 58 35 I Transport, Storage And Communications 238 86 105 47 J Financial Intermediation 283 283 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 32 32 L Public Administration And Defence 1,832 159 249 386 133 189 16 657 43 M Education 1,698 1,181 231 123 162 N Health And Social Work 626 295 113 197 20 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 237 39 75 75 47 P Private Households With Employed Persons 120 35 86 Q0Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies Activity Not Specified 181 181

Total all groups 8,061 335 1,964 980 1,290 607 16 2,599 271

Page 88 Table 19.B2 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 2. Atolls Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Both sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 3,043 0000383,00600 B Fishing 10,399 185 0 77 0 0 9,778 359 0 C Mining And Quarrying 185 0000001850 D Manufacturing 11,095 64 301 0 0 532 338 9,860 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 947 73 46 549 95 31 0 153 0 F Construction 2,170 07200002,0970 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 3,342 1,454 156 95 138 1,418 0 81 0 H Hotels And Restaurants 2,744 189 140 190 329 674 83 1,138 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,251 158 0 727 0 151 0 1,214 0 J Financial Intermediation 114 0006704600 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 160 00106000540 L Public Administration And Defence 6,692 874 794 1,206 1,108 630 48 2,031 0 M Education 4,761 300 3,622 287 94 0 0 458 0 N Health And Social Work 2,335 0 1,276 524 0 113 0 421 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,524 0 431 257 42 81 88 625 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 178 00001400380 Q0Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 00000000 Activity Not Specified 1,056 0 0 0 0 0 182 0 874 Total all groups 52,996 3,297 6,839 4,019 1,874 3,809 13,569 18,714 874

Table 19.B2 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 2. Atolls Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 852 852 B Fishing 10,111 127 77 9,721 186 C Mining And Quarrying 146 146 D Manufacturing 3,515 64 215 153 240 2,844 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 852 73 46 549 31 153 F Construction 2,170 72 2,097 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 2,302 1,240 119 95 73 775 H Hotels And Restaurants 2,211 119 140 190 292 598 83 790 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,186 158 662 151 1,214 J Financial Intermediation 114 67 46 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 99 45 54 L Public Administration And Defence 5,392 874 759 839 600 525 48 1,746 M Education 1,503 300 944 259 N Health And Social Work 344 135 171 38 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 875 290 191 43 46 305 P Private Households With Employed Persons 0 Q0Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies Activity Not Specified 828 182 646 Total all groups 33,498 2,955 2,721 2,819 1,032 2,314 11,218 9,794 646

Page 89 Table 19.B2 Number of employed Maldivian persons by industrial activity, occupation and sex 2. Atolls Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 2,191 38 2,154 B Fishing 288 58 58 173 C Mining And Quarrying 39 39 D Manufacturing 7,580 86 380 98 7,016 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 95 95 F Construction 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 1,041 214 37 66 643 81 H Hotels And Restaurants 533 70 38 77 349 I Transport, Storage And Communications 65 65 J Financial Intermediation 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 61 61 L Public Administration And Defence 1,300 35 367 508 105 285 M Education 3,259 2,678 287 94 199 N Health And Social Work 1,991 1,141 353 75 421 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 648 140 66 42 37 42 321 P Private Households With Employed Persons 178 140 38 Q0Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies Activity Not Specified 228 228 Total all groups 19,498 341 4,118 1,200 843 1,495 2,352 8,921 228

Page 90 Table 20.B.1 Average income of Maldivian employees by industrial activity, occupation and sex 1. Male' Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupationsworkers Administrative workers Clerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers workers, etc Production workers, etc Workers not classified Rufiyaa per Month, Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 000000000 B Fishing 8,697000008,69700 C Mining And Quarrying 2,2740000002,2740 D Manufacturing 3,194 5,429 1,960 2,220 0 3,484 0 2,707 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 2,056 0 2,412 2,945 1,339 0 0 1,375 0 F Construction 2,125 0 580 1,563 0 0 0 2,829 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 3,594 9,849 4,000 2,914 2,119 2,483 0 2,580 2,500 H Hotels And Restaurants 5,102 9,080 2,297 3,848 3,268 3,641 0 3,546 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,481 5,000 2,629 2,457 2,700 2,470 0 2,266 0 J Financial Intermediation 000000000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 2,699 1,912 2,785 3,286 1,500 1,500 0 2,200 0 L Public Administration And Defence 2,006 3,107 1,519 1,615 1,174 1,907 1,805 1,996 2,450 M Education 2,256 0 2,357 1,665 0 0 0 0 0 N Health And Social Work 1,367 0 1,323 0 0 0 0 1,705 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 2,092 0 2,073 2,675 0 0 0 1,147 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 2,0000000002,0000 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 3,260 0 0 3,260 0 0 0 0 0 Activity Not Specified 3,7956,29300000913712 Average all groups 2,817 5,982 2,017 2,443 2,007 2,379 6,462 2,205 2,085 Rufiyaa per Month, Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 000000000 B Fishing 000000000 C Mining And Quarrying 000000000 D Manufacturing 1,607 0 2,090 0 0 2,100 0 1,161 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 000000000 F Construction 000000000 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 2,108 5,591 2,096 0 1,616 1,611 0 1,885 0 H Hotels And Restaurants 1,755 1,175 805 1,398 1,892 2,217 0 3,800 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 1,605 0 0 1,587 2,000 0 0 950 0 J Financial Intermediation 1,665 0 0 0 1,665 0 0 0 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,250 0 0 0 1,250 0 0 0 0 L Public Administration And Defence 1,224 1,168 1,507 1,291 1,161 1,729 648 1,033 860 M Education 1,516 0 1,618 1,618 1,045 0 0 1,196 0 N Health And Social Work 1,406 0 1,473 1,483 1,219 0 0 1,045 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,572 0 1,100 3,250 0 0 0 975 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 1,013 0 0 0 0 1,049 0 1,005 0 QExtra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 000000000 Activity Not Specified 000000000 Average all groups 1,492 2,521 1,574 1,510 1,511 1,726 648 1,104 860

Page 91 Table 20.B2 Average income of Maldivian employees by industrial activity, occupation and sex 2. Atolls Professional, Technical Agriculture and fisheries Industry / Activity Total All occupations Administrative workersClerical workers, etc Sales workers Service workers Production workers, etc Workers not classified workers workers, etc Rufiyaa per Month, Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 1,237000001,23700 B Fishing 3,49817,00000003,0502,0630 C Mining And Quarrying 2,8000000002,8000 D Manufacturing 2,322 5,000 2,292 0 0 1,426 840 2,396 0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,630 2,000 625 1,555 0 0 0 2,434 0 F Construction 2,1840000002,1840 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 5,598 11,661 0 1,500 1,489 1,966 0 0 0 H Hotels And Restaurants 2,378 6,000 2,431 1,949 2,944 2,860 1,900 1,873 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,328 2,121 0 2,453 0 2,000 0 2,354 0 J Financial Intermediation 2,450 0 0 0 2,450 0 0 0 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 6000060000000 L Public Administration And Defence 1,264 1,580 1,508 1,146 992 1,474 900 1,075 0 M Education 1,661 1,611 1,845 0 0 0 0 853 0 N Health And Social Work 1,825 0 1,487 2,251 0 1,050 0 0 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,183 0 1,036 3,558 0 0 1,450 881 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 000000000 QExtra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 000000000 Activity Not Specified 1,336000001,33600 Average all groups 2,152 4,590 2,038 2,307 2,229 2,356 2,666 2,294 4,279 Rufiyaa per Month, Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 000000000 B Fishing 2,0881,176000003,0000 C Mining And Quarrying 000000000 D Manufacturing 73808050001007540 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 2,100 0 0 0 2,100 0 0 0 0 F Construction 000000000 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 1,584 2,337 1,000 0 1,000 1,249 0 0 0 H Hotels And Restaurants 869 0 0 0 600 500 0 917 0 I Transport, Storage And Communications 8250082500000 J Financial Intermediation 000000000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 2,500 0 0 2,500 0 0 0 0 0 L Public Administration And Defence 819 0 1,500 692 675 1,863 0 939 0 M Education 1,311 0 1,397 1,189 1,126 0 0 762 0 N Health And Social Work 1,094 0 979 1,799 0 907 0 867 0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 559 0 823 147 45 0 45 697 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 717 0 0 0 0 725 0 701 0 QExtra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 000000000 Activity Not Specified 1,80000000001,800 Average all groups 1,100 2,141 1,210 1,176 799 1,185 67 874 1,800

Page 92 Table 21a.1.A Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita income groups (including rents) Maldives Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 3,207 497 0.86 0.45 0.41 3,145,536 32.25 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 9,327 1,298 0.72 0.47 0.24 5,535,922 19.51 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 18,354 2,354 1.06 0.70 0.36 12,685,963 22.72 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 24,898 3,361 1.30 0.85 0.45 20,228,707 26.71 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 31,781 4,310 1.57 1.05 0.53 26,689,989 27.61 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 27,457 4,199 1.58 0.94 0.64 29,512,876 35.34 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 39,255 5,678 1.90 1.22 0.69 44,984,906 37.68 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 30,127 4,846 1.65 1.08 0.57 38,915,187 42.47 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 28,643 4,018 2.67 1.71 0.96 45,256,374 51.95 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 16,357 2,424 2.45 1.63 0.82 25,753,802 51.76 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 8,464 1,278 2.66 1.63 1.03 17,782,777 69.08 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 15,596 2,468 2.44 1.58 0.86 31,539,191 66.48 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 11,820 2,193 2.13 1.36 0.77 33,527,491 93.26 14 More than Rf 4,200 17,522 3,601 2.35 1.68 0.67 56,675,531 106.34

Total all groups 282,808 42,526 1.87 1.22 0.66 392,234,253 45.47

Table 21a.1.B1 Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita income groups (including rents) Malé Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 1,565 214 1.08 0.45 0.63 2,565,421 53.88 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 489 61 0.94 0.00 0.94 460,886 30.99 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 881 145 1.12 0.57 0.55 1,442,062 53.83 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 1,081 143 1.06 1.06 0.00 1,355,289 41.20 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 596 62 1.35 1.35 0.00 775,499 42.76 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 2,115 217 1.96 1.81 0.15 2,021,577 31.42 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 8,427 876 2.58 1.97 0.61 10,488,635 40.92 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 6,882 991 1.71 1.38 0.33 10,730,421 51.26 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 10,363 1,149 3.35 2.29 1.05 18,549,570 58.85 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 7,861 949 2.98 2.04 0.94 14,020,911 58.64 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 7,301 902 3.25 2.03 1.21 16,123,208 72.60 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 8,365 1,297 2.21 1.36 0.84 19,415,881 76.31 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 8,047 1,318 2.33 1.45 0.88 26,544,913 108.45 14 More than Rf 4,200 11,983 2,259 2.61 1.85 0.76 46,496,843 127.57

Total all groups 75,957 10,583 2.50 1.72 0.79 170,991,117 73.81

Page 93 Table 21a.1.B2 Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita income groups (including rents) Atolls Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 1,642 283 0.70 0.45 0.25 580,115 11.62 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 8,838 1,237 0.71 0.50 0.21 5,075,036 18.88 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 17,473 2,209 1.06 0.71 0.35 11,243,901 21.16 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 23,817 3,218 1.31 0.84 0.47 18,873,418 26.05 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 31,185 4,248 1.58 1.04 0.53 25,914,490 27.32 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 25,342 3,982 1.56 0.89 0.67 27,491,299 35.67 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 30,828 4,802 1.78 1.08 0.70 34,496,271 36.79 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 23,245 3,855 1.63 1.00 0.63 28,184,766 39.86 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 18,280 2,869 2.39 1.48 0.92 26,706,805 48.03 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 8,496 1,475 2.11 1.37 0.75 11,732,891 45.40 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,162 377 1.27 0.67 0.60 1,659,569 46.94 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 7,231 1,170 2.69 1.81 0.88 12,123,310 55.12 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 3,772 875 1.83 1.22 0.61 6,982,578 60.86 14 More than Rf 4,200 5,540 1,342 1.91 1.40 0.51 10,178,688 60.41

Total all groups 206,851 31,942 1.66 1.05 0.61 221,243,137 35.07

Page 94 Table 21b.1.A Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita expenditure groups (including rents) Maldives Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 42 44 9.59 5.56 4.03 5,751 4.51 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,213 350 3.85 2.59 1.26 528,224 7.85 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 7,831 1,050 4.16 2.69 1.47 2,938,052 12.34 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 22,583 2,498 2.80 1.93 0.87 11,633,439 16.94 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 32,915 4,259 1.89 1.32 0.58 22,206,619 22.18 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 33,256 4,424 3.15 1.99 1.16 27,286,822 26.98 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 63,505 9,174 1.28 0.83 0.45 66,216,354 34.28 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 39,196 5,765 1.43 0.89 0.53 52,085,516 43.69 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 22,640 3,814 1.24 0.79 0.45 37,313,199 54.19 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 16,753 2,580 2.02 1.27 0.75 32,757,869 64.29 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 8,457 1,726 1.54 0.93 0.61 18,975,214 73.76 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 16,704 2,825 1.92 1.29 0.63 44,189,955 86.98 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 9,250 2,065 1.60 1.05 0.56 31,417,044 111.66 14 More than Rf 4,200 7,463 1,953 2.93 2.00 0.94 44,680,195 196.83

Total all groups 282,808 42,526 1.87 1.22 0.66 392,234,253 45.47

Table 21b.1.B1 Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita expenditure groups (including rents) Malé Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 83 17 0.94 0.00 0.94 25,191 9.97 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 348 34 2.74 2.38 0.35 196,639 18.60 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 2,908 288 3.63 3.00 0.63 2,039,244 23.06 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 1,762 143 3.40 2.87 0.53 1,450,148 27.06 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 10,990 1,019 3.34 2.68 0.65 11,467,931 34.31 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 12,599 1,526 2.34 1.64 0.70 16,985,054 44.32 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 8,196 1,012 2.38 1.60 0.78 13,756,964 55.19 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 9,205 1,035 3.32 2.17 1.15 18,101,670 64.65 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 3,598 607 2.02 0.98 1.04 8,230,503 75.20 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 11,951 1,758 2.61 1.78 0.83 31,803,019 87.49 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 7,433 1,499 2.05 1.30 0.74 25,398,432 112.34 14 More than Rf 4,200 6,885 1,646 1.92 1.23 0.70 41,536,322 198.35

Total all groups 75,957 10,583 2.50 1.72 0.79 170,991,117 73.81

Page 95 Table 21b.1.B2 Average number of earners and daily expenditure by per capita expenditure groups (including rents) Atolls Average number of earners per household Household expenditures (incl Rent) Per Capita Income Group Number of Persons Number of Daily average per Total Male Female Monthly total Households person (Rf) 1 Less than Rf. 150 42 44 9.59 5.56 4.03 5,751 4.51 2 Rf. 150 - Rf 299 2,213 350 3.85 2.59 1.26 528,224 7.85 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 7,747 1,033 4.21 2.73 1.48 2,912,861 12.36 4 Rf. 450 - Rf 599 22,236 2,464 2.81 1.93 0.88 11,436,801 16.91 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 30,007 3,970 1.77 1.20 0.57 20,167,375 22.10 6 Rf. 750 - Rf 899 31,494 4,281 3.15 1.96 1.18 25,836,674 26.97 7 Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 52,515 8,155 1.03 0.60 0.43 54,748,423 34.27 8 Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 26,598 4,239 1.10 0.63 0.47 35,100,462 43.39 9 Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 14,444 2,802 0.82 0.49 0.33 23,556,235 53.62 10 Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 7,547 1,546 1.14 0.67 0.47 14,656,198 63.84 11 Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 4,859 1,119 1.29 0.91 0.38 10,744,711 72.70 12 Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 4,753 1,067 0.79 0.49 0.30 12,386,936 85.69 13 Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,817 566 0.44 0.38 0.06 6,018,612 108.89 14 More than Rf 4,200 578 307 8.36 6.12 2.23 3,143,873 178.70

Total all groups 206,851 31,942 1.66 1.05 0.61 221,243,137 35.07

Page 96 Table 22.1.A Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 3,043 0 42 142 511 522 302 712 157 241 42 0 373 0 0 B Fishing 10,659 127 394 597 1,158 1,455 1,022 1,364 1,259 1,029 738 0 1,015 237 263 C Mining And Quarrying 221001050003608000000 D Manufacturing 14,030 38 105 585 868 1,236 1,857 2,555 1,953 1,666 413 434 817 575 927 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,204 0 0 72 0 0 333 73 272 43 365 0 0 47 0 F Construction 3,024 95 73 177 128 370 272 771 208 194 133 72 192 47 292 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 8,256 38 0 93 235 182 263 438 597 1,355 853 581 890 765 1,966 H Hotels And Restaurants 4,535 0 0 93 103 379 401 617 216 708 611 196 243 192 775 I Transport, Storage And Communications 4,636 0 72 195 141 204 717 700 485 491 658 202 195 220 356 J Financial Intermediation 397000046004310300671380 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,137 0 0 54 45 0 0 199 120 133 113 48 27 190 208 L Public Administration And Defence 12,884 0 0 81 443 797 722 1,267 1,538 2,509 1,104 1,184 877 1,226 1,135 M Education 6,905 130 135 39 496 1,014 348 909 541 954 342 110 669 450 770 N Health And Social Work 3,215 0 0 268 66 205 182 361 392 317 332 92 321 200 478 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 2,421 0 0 0 97 258 201 567 166 293 175 90 123 113 337 P Private Households With Employed Persons 39907000700001200008653 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 43000000000000430 Activity Not Specified 2,050 338 0 130 388 90 32 220 111 190 229 0 45 124 153 Total 79,059 767 891 2,631 4,678 6,829 6,651 10,789 8,058 10,427 6,107 3,010 5,853 4,654 7,713 Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 852 0 0 98 251 251 29 136 0 46 0 0 41 0 0 B Fishing 10,371 127 394 597 1,158 1,455 964 1,364 1,259 971 565 0 1,015 237 263 C Mining And Quarrying 182001050003604100000 D Manufacturing 4,851 0 0 138 282 482 541 1,009 744 572 85 175 300 163 360 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 1,109 0 0 72 0 0 333 73 177 43 365 0 0 47 0 F Construction 3,024 95 73 177 128 370 272 771 208 194 133 72 192 47 292 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 6,343 0 0 77 94 95 156 363 539 997 457 498 690 657 1,720 H Hotels And Restaurants 3,657 0 0 65 29 221 281 485 182 605 525 139 243 192 689 I Transport, Storage And Communications 4,333 0 72 195 141 139 717 700 485 358 658 202 138 220 308 J Financial Intermediation 1140000460006700000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 1,044 0 0 54 45 0 0 106 120 133 113 48 27 190 208 L Public Administration And Defence 9,752 0 0 81 406 797 534 967 1,224 1,974 795 524 699 835 915 M Education 1,949 0 77 0 199 349 31 428 88 237 70 0 243 0 228 N Health And Social Work 59800006770226109106742177 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,536 0 0 0 31 201 0 346 100 223 96 90 123 113 214 P Private Households With Employed Persons 1010000000000004853 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 43000000000000430 Activity Not Specified 1,642 338 0 130 318 48 32 90 111 190 201 0 45 43 95 Total 51,500 561 616 1,789 3,082 4,521 3,961 6,894 5,299 6,653 4,152 1,748 3,822 2,877 5,523

Page 97 Table 22.1.A Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 2,191 0 42 44 260 271 272 576 157 194 42 0 332 0 0 B Fishing 288000005800581730000 C Mining And Quarrying 39000000003900000 D Manufacturing 9,179 38 105 447 586 753 1,317 1,546 1,208 1,094 328 259 517 413 568 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 95000000095000000 F Construction 000000000000000 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 1,912 38 0 16 140 86 107 75 57 358 397 83 200 108 246 H Hotels And Restaurants 878 0 0 28 74 158 119 132 34 103 86 58 0 0 85 I Transport, Storage And Communications 3030000650001330058047 J Financial Intermediation 2830000000433600671380 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 93000000930000000 L Public Administration And Defence 3,132 0 0 0 37 0 188 300 314 535 309 660 178 391 220 M Education 4,956 130 58 39 297 666 316 481 453 717 272 110 426 450 542 N Health And Social Work 2,616 0 0 268 66 138 112 338 331 317 241 92 254 159 301 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 8850006658201222667080000123 P Private Households With Employed Persons 2980700070000120000380 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 000000000000000 Activity Not Specified 409000704201300028008058 Total 27,559 205 274 842 1,596 2,307 2,690 3,895 2,759 3,774 1,955 1,262 2,031 1,777 2,190 Table 22.2.A Distribution of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic(Percent) Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 100.0 0.0 1.4 4.7 16.8 17.2 9.9 23.4 5.2 7.9 1.4 0.0 12.3 0.0 0.0 B Fishing 100.0 1.2 3.7 5.6 10.9 13.7 9.6 12.8 11.8 9.7 6.9 0.0 9.5 2.2 2.5 C Mining And Quarrying 100.0 0.0 0.0 47.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.1 0.0 36.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 D Manufacturing 100.0 0.3 0.7 4.2 6.2 8.8 13.2 18.2 13.9 11.9 2.9 3.1 5.8 4.1 6.6 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 100.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 27.7 6.0 22.6 3.6 30.3 0.0 0.0 3.9 0.0 F Construction 100.0 3.2 2.4 5.9 4.2 12.2 9.0 25.5 6.9 6.4 4.4 2.4 6.3 1.6 9.6 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 100.0 0.5 0.0 1.1 2.8 2.2 3.2 5.3 7.2 16.4 10.3 7.0 10.8 9.3 23.8 H Hotels And Restaurants 100.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 2.3 8.4 8.8 13.6 4.8 15.6 13.5 4.3 5.4 4.2 17.1 I Transport, Storage And Communications 100.0 0.0 1.6 4.2 3.0 4.4 15.5 15.1 10.5 10.6 14.2 4.4 4.2 4.7 7.7 J Financial Intermediation 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.7 0.0 0.0 10.7 26.0 0.0 0.0 16.8 34.8 0.0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 100.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 3.9 0.0 0.0 17.5 10.6 11.7 9.9 4.2 2.4 16.7 18.3 L Public Administration And Defence 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 3.4 6.2 5.6 9.8 11.9 19.5 8.6 9.2 6.8 9.5 8.8 M Education 100.0 1.9 2.0 0.6 7.2 14.7 5.0 13.2 7.8 13.8 5.0 1.6 9.7 6.5 11.1 N Health And Social Work 100.0 0.0 0.0 8.3 2.0 6.4 5.7 11.2 12.2 9.9 10.3 2.9 10.0 6.2 14.9 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 10.7 8.3 23.4 6.9 12.1 7.2 3.7 5.1 4.7 13.9 P Private Households With Employed Persons 100.0 0.0 17.5 0.0 0.0 17.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 30.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.5 13.3 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 Activity Not Specified 100.0 16.5 0.0 6.3 18.9 4.4 1.6 10.7 5.4 9.2 11.2 0.0 2.2 6.0 7.5 Total 100.0 1.0 1.1 3.3 5.9 8.6 8.4 13.6 10.2 13.2 7.7 3.8 7.4 5.9 9.8

Page 98 Table 22.1.B1 Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Male' Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 000000000000000 B Fishing 260000003908700013400 C Mining And Quarrying 36000000360000000 D Manufacturing 2,9353800000390290226213397357324701 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 2570000062004310500470 F Construction 8549500000422290437219247251 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 4,913 38 0 16 53 0 114 287 316 823 614 476 624 375 1,178 H Hotels And Restaurants 1,790 0 0 65 0 0 53 150 34 215 177 167 212 151 567 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,38500001893418241373507161154220201 J Financial Intermediation 2830000000433600671380 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 9770000001381201331134827190208 L Public Administration And Defence 6,193 0 0 18 99 48 32 471 373 1,156 775 1,032 501 851 838 M Education 2,144 60 58 0 0 18 0 65 108 212 197 110 338 355 624 N Health And Social Work 879 0 0 63 0 0 32 42 22 133 64 58 56 75 334 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 8980000001193892189092113337 P Private Households With Employed Persons 221000000001200004853 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 43000000000000430 Activity Not Specified 994 261 0 53 0 48 32 133 48 43 96 0 45 82 153 Total 26,063 492 58 215 152 131 457 2,290 1,741 3,695 2,921 2,610 2,797 3,059 5,446 Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0 B Fishing 260000003908700013400 C Mining And Quarrying 36000000360000000 D Manufacturing 1,33600000027820310785175118113258 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 2570000062004310500470 F Construction 8549500000422290437219247251 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 4,042 0 0 0 53 0 114 249 296 654 425 394 462 315 1,079 H Hotels And Restaurants 1,446 0 0 65 0 0 53 103 0 180 92 110 212 151 481 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,1470000189341824124050716196220154 J Financial Intermediation 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 9450000001061201331134827190208 L Public Administration And Defence 4,360 0 0 18 99 48 0 304 290 974 500 524 323 530 751 M Education 44600001806588000480228 N Health And Social Work 25400000322222048000129 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 66100000042092189092113214 P Private Households With Employed Persons 1010000000000004853 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 43000000000000430 Activity Not Specified 814 261 0 53 0 48 32 48 48 43 96 0 45 43 95 Total 18,002 357 0 136 152 131 425 1,714 1,417 2,557 2,033 1,573 1,748 1,859 3,901

Page 99 Table 22.1.B1 Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Male' Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0 B Fishing 0 C Mining And Quarrying 0 D Manufacturing 1,599380000011287118128222238212444 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 0 F Construction 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 872380160003820169188831626099 H Hotels And Restaurants 34400000047343586580085 I Transport, Storage And Communications 238000000001330058047 J Financial Intermediation 2830000000433600671380 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 32000000320000000 L Public Administration And Defence 1,83200000321678318327550717832187 M Education 1,69860580000020212197110290355397 N Health And Social Work 626006300020013316585675205 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 237000000763800000123 P Private Households With Employed Persons 1200000000012000000 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 0 Activity Not Specified 18100000085000003958 Total 8,061 135 58 79 0 0 32 577 324 1,138 889 1,037 1,048 1,200 1,545 Table 22.2.B1 Distribution of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Male' (Percent) Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 B Fishing 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.9 0.0 33.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 51.6 0.0 0.0 C Mining And Quarrying 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 D Manufacturing 100.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.3 9.9 7.7 7.2 13.5 12.2 11.0 23.9 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.9 0.0 0.0 16.9 40.9 0.0 0.0 18.3 0.0 F Construction 100.0 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 2.6 10.5 5.1 8.4 22.4 5.5 29.3 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 100.0 0.8 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.0 2.3 5.8 6.4 16.7 12.5 9.7 12.7 7.6 24.0 H Hotels And Restaurants 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 0.0 0.0 3.0 8.4 1.9 12.0 9.9 9.3 11.8 8.4 31.7 I Transport, Storage And Communications 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 3.9 17.5 10.1 15.6 21.2 6.7 6.5 9.2 8.4 J Financial Intermediation 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.0 12.6 0.0 0.0 23.6 48.8 0.0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.1 12.3 13.6 11.6 4.9 2.8 19.4 21.3 L Public Administration And Defence 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.6 0.8 0.5 7.6 6.0 18.7 12.5 16.7 8.1 13.7 13.5 M Education 100.0 2.8 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 3.0 5.0 9.9 9.2 5.1 15.8 16.6 29.1 N Health And Social Work 100.0 0.0 0.0 7.2 0.0 0.0 3.6 4.8 2.5 15.1 7.3 6.5 6.3 8.6 38.0 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.2 4.2 10.3 2.0 10.0 10.2 12.6 37.5 P Private Households With Employed Persons 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 54.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.7 24.1 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 Activity Not Specified 100.0 26.3 0.0 5.4 0.0 4.8 3.2 13.3 4.8 4.4 9.7 0.0 4.5 8.2 15.4 Average 100.0 1.9 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 1.8 8.8 6.7 14.2 11.2 10.0 10.7 11.7 20.9

Page 100 Table 22.1.B2 Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 3,043 0 42 142 511 522 302 712 157 241 42 0 373 0 0 B Fishing 10,399 127 394 597 1,158 1,455 983 1,364 1,172 1,029 738 0 881 237 263 C Mining And Quarrying 18500105000008000000 D Manufacturing 11,095 0 105 585 868 1,236 1,857 2,165 1,663 1,440 200 37 460 251 226 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 9470072002717327202600000 F Construction 2,1700731771283702727281861059000041 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 3,342 0 0 77 182 182 149 151 281 532 240 105 266 391 787 H Hotels And Restaurants 2,744 0 0 28 103 379 347 467 182 494 433 29 31 42 208 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,251 0 72 195 141 187 624 282 244 118 151 42 41 0 154 J Financial Intermediation 1140000460006700000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 16000544500610000000 L Public Administration And Defence 6,692 0 0 64 345 749 691 796 1,165 1,353 329 152 376 376 297 M Education 4,761 70 77 39 496 997 348 844 434 741 145 0 331 95 145 N Health And Social Work 2,335 0 0 205 66 205 150 319 370 184 268 35 265 125 144 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 1,524 0 0 0 97 258 201 449 128 201 157 0 31 0 0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 17807000700000000380 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 000000000000000 Activity Not Specified 1,056 77 0 77 388 42 0 87 64 146 133 0 0 42 0 Total 52,996 275 833 2,416 4,527 6,697 6,195 8,499 6,317 6,733 3,186 400 3,056 1,596 2,266 Males A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 852 0 0 98 251 251 29 136 0 46 0 0 41 0 0 B Fishing 10,111 127 394 597 1,158 1,455 925 1,364 1,172 971 565 0 881 237 263 C Mining And Quarrying 14600105000004100000 D Manufacturing 3,515 0 0 138 282 482 541 731 542 465 0 0 182 50 102 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 8520072002717317702600000 F Construction 2,1700731771283702727281861059000041 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 2,302 0 0 77 41 95 42 114 244 342 31 105 228 342 641 H Hotels And Restaurants 2,211 0 0 0 29 221 228 382 182 425 433 29 31 42 208 I Transport, Storage And Communications 2,186 0 72 195 141 121 624 282 244 118 151 42 41 0 154 J Financial Intermediation 1140000460006700000 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 990054450000000000 L Public Administration And Defence 5,392 0 0 64 307 749 534 663 934 1,000 294 0 376 306 164 M Education 1,503 0 77 0 199 331 31 363 0 237 70 0 195 0 0 N Health And Social Work 344000067380380430674248 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 8750003120103031001317803100 P Private Households With Employed Persons 0 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 0 Activity Not Specified 828770773180042641461050000 Total 33,498 205 616 1,653 2,930 4,390 3,536 5,181 3,882 4,096 2,119 176 2,074 1,018 1,622

Page 101 Table 22.1.B2 Number of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Females A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 2,191 0 42 44 260 271 272 576 157 194 42 0 332 0 0 B Fishing 288000005800581730000 C Mining And Quarrying 39000000003900000 D Manufacturing 7,580 0 105 447 586 753 1,317 1,434 1,121 975 200 37 279 201 124 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 95000000095000000 F Construction 0 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 1,041 0 0 0 140 86 107 38 38 190 208 0 38 49 146 H Hotels And Restaurants 5330028741581198506800000 I Transport, Storage And Communications 65000065000000000 J Financial Intermediation 0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 61000000610000000 L Public Administration And Defence 1,300 0 0 0 37 0 156 133 231 352 35 152 0 70 133 M Education 3,259 70 0 39 297 666 316 481 434 505 75 0 136 95 145 N Health And Social Work 1,991 0 0 205 66 138 112 319 331 184 225 35 198 83 96 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 64800066582011452870800000 P Private Households With Employed Persons 17807000700000000380 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 0 Activity Not Specified 2280007042046002800420 Total 19,498 70 217 763 1,596 2,307 2,658 3,318 2,435 2,636 1,067 225 982 578 645 Table 22.2.B2 Distribution of employed persons by activity, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls (Percent) Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Activity Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes A Agriculture, Hunting And Forestry 100.0 0.0 1.4 4.7 16.8 17.2 9.9 23.4 5.2 7.9 1.4 0.0 12.3 0.0 0.0 B Fishing 100.0 1.2 3.8 5.7 11.1 14.0 9.5 13.1 11.3 9.9 7.1 0.0 8.5 2.3 2.5 C Mining And Quarrying 100.0 0.0 0.0 56.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 43.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 D Manufacturing 100.0 0.0 0.9 5.3 7.8 11.1 16.7 19.5 15.0 13.0 1.8 0.3 4.2 2.3 2.0 E Electricity, Gas And Water Supply 100.0 0.0 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.0 28.7 7.7 28.7 0.0 27.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 F Construction 100.0 0.0 3.3 8.2 5.9 17.0 12.6 33.6 8.6 4.8 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 G Wholesale And Retail Trade 100.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 5.4 5.4 4.5 4.5 8.4 15.9 7.2 3.1 8.0 11.7 23.6 H Hotels And Restaurants 100.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 3.8 13.8 12.7 17.0 6.6 18.0 15.8 1.1 1.1 1.5 7.6 I Transport, Storage And Communications 100.0 0.0 3.2 8.6 6.3 8.3 27.7 12.5 10.8 5.3 6.7 1.8 1.8 0.0 6.9 J Financial Intermediation 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 59.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 K Real Estate, Renting; Business Activities 100.0 0.0 0.0 33.7 28.0 0.0 0.0 38.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 L Public Administration And Defence 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 5.2 11.2 10.3 11.9 17.4 20.2 4.9 2.3 5.6 5.6 4.4 M Education 100.0 1.5 1.6 0.8 10.4 20.9 7.3 17.7 9.1 15.6 3.0 0.0 6.9 2.0 3.1 N Health And Social Work 100.0 0.0 0.0 8.8 2.8 8.8 6.4 13.6 15.8 7.9 11.5 1.5 11.4 5.3 6.2 O Other Community, Social; Personal Services 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.4 16.9 13.2 29.4 8.4 13.2 10.3 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.0 P Private Households With Employed Persons 100.0 0.0 39.4 0.0 0.0 39.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.2 0.0 Q Extra-Territorial Organisations And Bodies 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Activity Not Specified 100.0 7.3 0.0 7.3 36.7 4.0 0.0 8.3 6.0 13.9 12.6 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 Average 100.0 0.5 1.6 4.6 8.5 12.6 11.7 16.0 11.9 12.7 6.0 0.8 5.8 3.0 4.3

Page 102 Table 23.1.A Number of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than All groups Occupational Group Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 6,439 53 0 0 0 278 216 295 215 812 947 454 893 555 1,720 Administrative workers 11,404 130 77 134 492 1,204 365 1,395 1,067 1,617 693 433 1,044 947 1,805 Clerical workers, etc 7,966 0 0 310 222 464 691 599 895 1,244 816 602 362 875 886 Sales workers 4,136 0 0 112 107 77 413 233 370 622 613 244 306 398 642 Service workers 7,843 38 70 93 199 568 349 706 727 1,633 903 519 548 538 952 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 13,898 127 506 739 1,804 1,983 1,336 2,114 1,526 1,297 586 0 1,379 237 263 Production workers, etc 25,392 80 237 1,114 1,544 2,165 3,251 5,226 3,082 3,161 1,277 758 1,275 980 1,244 Workers not classified 1,980 338 0 130 310 90 32 220 176 42 272 0 45 124 201 Total 79,059 767 891 2,631 4,678 6,829 6,651 10,789 8,058 10,427 6,107 3,010 5,853 4,654 7,713 Males Professional, Technical workers 5,762 53 0 0 0 208 158 295 215 812 664 354 893 446 1,663 Administrative workers 5,322 0 77 0 158 557 63 670 424 737 352 211 470 412 1,190 Clerical workers, etc 5,787 0 0 219 184 353 544 417 684 731 700 447 281 636 590 Sales workers 2,003 0 0 65 41 77 218 116 115 371 447 53 99 71 329 Service workers 5,741 0 0 77 162 339 146 499 531 1,262 765 376 425 435 723 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 11,531 127 394 695 1,544 1,711 1,035 1,538 1,369 1,045 502 0 1,069 237 263 Production workers, etc 13,873 42 145 603 752 1,228 1,764 3,269 1,785 1,653 521 306 539 596 669 Workers not classified 1,481 338 0 130 240 48 32 90 176 42 201 0 45 43 96 Total 51,500 561 616 1,789 3,082 4,521 3,961 6,894 5,299 6,653 4,152 1,748 3,822 2,877 5,523 Females Professional, Technical workers 6760000705800028399010858 Administrative workers 6,082 130 0 134 334 648 301 725 643 880 341 222 574 535 615 Clerical workers, etc 2,180 0 0 91 38 111 147 182 211 512 116 155 81 239 296 Sales workers 2,133 0 0 47 66 0 194 117 255 251 166 190 207 327 313 Service workers 2,102 38 70 16 37 229 203 208 196 370 138 143 123 104 228 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 2,367 0 112 44 260 271 301 576 157 252 84 0 310 0 0 Production workers, etc 11,519 38 92 510 791 937 1,487 1,957 1,297 1,508 756 452 736 384 575 Workers not classified 499 0 0 0 70 42 0 130 0 0 71 0 0 80 105 Total 27,559 205 274 842 1,596 2,307 2,690 3,895 2,759 3,774 1,955 1,262 2,031 1,777 2,190 Table 23.2.A Distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic(Percent) Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 100.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3 3.4 4.6 3.3 12.6 14.7 7.0 13.9 8.6 26.7 Administrative workers 100.0 1.1 0.7 1.2 4.3 10.6 3.2 12.2 9.4 14.2 6.1 3.8 9.2 8.3 15.8 Clerical workers, etc 100.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 2.8 5.8 8.7 7.5 11.2 15.6 10.2 7.6 4.5 11.0 11.1 Sales workers 100.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 2.6 1.9 10.0 5.6 9.0 15.0 14.8 5.9 7.4 9.6 15.5 Service workers 100.0 0.5 0.9 1.2 2.5 7.2 4.4 9.0 9.3 20.8 11.5 6.6 7.0 6.9 12.1 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 100.0 0.9 3.6 5.3 13.0 14.3 9.6 15.2 11.0 9.3 4.2 0.0 9.9 1.7 1.9 Production workers, etc 100.0 0.3 0.9 4.4 6.1 8.5 12.8 20.6 12.1 12.4 5.0 3.0 5.0 3.9 4.9 Workers not classified 100.0 17.1 0.0 6.6 15.7 4.5 1.6 11.1 8.9 2.1 13.7 0.0 2.3 6.3 10.1 Total 100.0 1.0 1.1 3.3 5.9 8.6 8.4 13.6 10.2 13.2 7.7 3.8 7.4 5.9 9.8

Page 103 Table 23.1.B1 Number of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Male' Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than All groups Occupational Group Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 3,142 53 0 0 0 0 53 58 0 328 362 349 439 232 1,268 Administrative workers 4,565 60 0 0 0 18 52 294 161 675 307 399 509 661 1,430 Clerical workers, etc 3,947 0 0 16 0 18 66 162 270 587 601 561 260 796 611 Sales workers 2,262 0 0 112 0 0 92 170 125 280 373 149 207 328 426 Service workers 4,034 38 0 16 98 48 0 298 138 817 616 519 441 310 694 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 329 0 0 0 0 0 39 0 140 0 0 0 150 0 0 Production workers, etc 6,678 80 58 18 54 0 123 1,175 795 1,007 524 633 746 649 816 Workers not classified 1,106 261 0 53 0 48 32 133 113 0 139 0 45 82 201 Total 26,063 492 58 215 152 131 457 2,290 1,741 3,695 2,921 2,610 2,797 3,059 5,446 Males Professional, Technical workers 2,807 53 0 0 0 0 53 58 0 328 243 250 439 173 1,210 Administrative workers 2,601 0 0 0 0 18 32 224 141 360 221 211 167 266 961 Clerical workers, etc 2,968 0 0 0 0 18 54 162 270 329 484 406 240 594 411 Sales workers 972 0 0 65 0 0 92 53 48 136 206 53 0 71 246 Service workers 3,427 0 0 0 98 48 0 260 119 740 573 376 394 207 612 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 313 0 0 0 0 0 39 0 140 0 0 0 134 0 0 Production workers, etc 4,079 42 0 18 54 0 123 907 587 663 207 277 331 504 365 Workers not classified 835 261 0 53 0 48 32 48 113 0 96 0 45 43 96 Total 18,002 357 0 136 152 131 425 1,714 1,417 2,557 2,033 1,573 1,748 1,859 3,901 Females Professional, Technical workers 3350000000001189906058 Administrative workers 1,964 60 0 0 0 0 20 70 20 315 85 188 343 395 469 Clerical workers, etc 980 0 0 16 0 0 12 0 0 259 116 155 20 202 200 Sales workers 1,290 0 0 47 0 0 0 117 77 144 166 96 207 257 180 Service workers 607 38 0 16 0 0 0 38 20 77 43 143 48 104 82 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 16000000000001600 Production workers, etc 2,59938580000267208344317357415145451 Workers not classified 2710000008500430039105 Total 8,061 135 58 79 0 0 32 577 324 1,138 889 1,037 1,048 1,200 1,545 Table 23.2.B1 Distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Male' (Percent) Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 100.0 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.9 0.0 10.4 11.5 11.1 14.0 7.4 40.4 Administrative workers 100.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.1 6.5 3.5 14.8 6.7 8.7 11.2 14.5 31.3 Clerical workers, etc 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 1.7 4.1 6.8 14.9 15.2 14.2 6.6 20.2 15.5 Sales workers 100.0 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 4.1 7.5 5.5 12.4 16.5 6.6 9.1 14.5 18.8 Service workers 100.0 0.9 0.0 0.4 2.4 1.2 0.0 7.4 3.4 20.3 15.3 12.9 10.9 7.7 17.2 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.8 0.0 42.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 45.6 0.0 0.0 Production workers, etc 100.0 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.0 1.8 17.6 11.9 15.1 7.9 9.5 11.2 9.7 12.2 Workers not classified 100.0 23.6 0.0 4.8 0.0 4.3 2.9 12.0 10.2 0.0 12.6 0.0 4.1 7.4 18.1 Average 100.0 1.9 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 1.8 8.8 6.7 14.2 11.2 10.0 10.7 11.7 20.9

Page 104 Table 23.1.B2 Number of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls Sex 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than Occupational Group All groups Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 3,297 0 0 0 0 278 163 237 215 484 585 105 455 323 452 Administrative workers 6,839 70 77 134 492 1,186 313 1,100 906 943 387 35 535 286 375 Clerical workers, etc 4,019 0 0 294 222 446 624 437 625 656 215 42 103 79 275 Sales workers 1,874 0 0 0 107 77 321 63 246 342 241 95 99 70 216 Service workers 3,809 0 70 77 101 520 349 409 588 815 287 0 107 228 258 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 13,569 127 506 739 1,804 1,983 1,297 2,114 1,386 1,297 586 0 1,229 237 263 Production workers, etc 18,714 0 180 1,096 1,490 2,165 3,128 4,051 2,287 2,154 752 124 529 330 428 Workers not classified 874 77 0 77 310 42 0 87 64 42 133 0 0 42 0 Total 52,996 275 833 2,416 4,527 6,697 6,195 8,499 6,317 6,733 3,186 400 3,056 1,596 2,266 Males Professional, Technical workers 2,955 0 0 0 0 208 105 237 215 484 420 105 455 274 452 Administrative workers 2,721 0 77 0 158 539 31 446 283 377 131 0 304 146 229 Clerical workers, etc 2,819 0 0 219 184 335 490 255 414 402 215 42 42 42 179 Sales workers 1,032 0 0 0 41 77 126 63 67 234 241 0 99 0 83 Service workers 2,314 0 0 77 64 291 146 239 412 522 192 0 31 228 112 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 11,218 127 394 695 1,544 1,711 996 1,538 1,229 1,045 502 0 935 237 263 Production workers, etc 9,794 0 145 585 698 1,228 1,642 2,362 1,198 990 313 29 209 91 303 Workers not classified 64677077240004264421050000 Total 33,498 205 616 1,653 2,930 4,390 3,536 5,181 3,882 4,096 2,119 176 2,074 1,018 1,622 Females Professional, Technical workers 3410000705800016500490 Administrative workers 4,118 70 0 134 334 648 282 654 623 566 256 35 231 140 145 Clerical workers, etc 1,200 0 0 75 38 111 135 182 211 254 0 0 61 38 96 Sales workers 843 0 0 0 66 0 194 0 178 107 0 95 0 70 133 Service workers 1,495 0 70 0 37 229 203 170 176 293 95 0 75 0 146 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 2,352 0 112 44 260 271 301 576 157 252 84 0 294 0 0 Production workers, etc 8,921 0 35 510 791 937 1,487 1,689 1,089 1,164 439 95 321 239 124 Workers not classified 2280007042046002800420 Total 19,498 70 217 763 1,596 2,307 2,658 3,318 2,435 2,636 1,067 225 982 578 645 Table 23.2.B2 Distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex and income group (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls (Percent) Both Sexes Professional, Technical workers 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.4 4.9 7.2 6.5 14.7 17.8 3.2 13.8 9.8 13.7 Administrative workers 100.0 1.0 1.1 2.0 7.2 17.3 4.6 16.1 13.3 13.8 5.7 0.5 7.8 4.2 5.5 Clerical workers, etc 100.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 5.5 11.1 15.5 10.9 15.6 16.3 5.4 1.0 2.6 2.0 6.8 Sales workers 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.7 4.1 17.1 3.3 13.1 18.2 12.8 5.1 5.3 3.7 11.5 Service workers 100.0 0.0 1.8 2.0 2.6 13.7 9.2 10.7 15.4 21.4 7.5 0.0 2.8 6.0 6.8 Agriculture and fisheries workers, etc 100.0 0.9 3.7 5.4 13.3 14.6 9.6 15.6 10.2 9.6 4.3 0.0 9.1 1.7 1.9 Production workers, etc 100.0 0.0 1.0 5.9 8.0 11.6 16.7 21.6 12.2 11.5 4.0 0.7 2.8 1.8 2.3 Workers not classified 100.0 8.8 0.0 8.8 35.5 4.8 0.0 10.0 7.3 4.8 15.2 0.0 0.0 4.8 0.0 Average 100.0 0.5 1.6 4.6 8.5 12.6 11.7 16.0 11.9 12.7 6.0 0.8 5.8 3.0 4.3

Page 105 Table 24.1.A Percentage of households indebted by per capita income groups (Monthly income, including rents) 0. Republic Repaying a loan (including any interest) Obtaining a loan (borrowing) Credit scheme/installment on capital goods paid out Monthly Per Capita Number of Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount repaid Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount taken Number of Percentage of Amount of Amount repaid Income Group Households Households households repaid per borrower Households households taken out per borrower Households households loans repaid per borrower 1 Less than Rf. 150 497 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,298 209 16.1 122,313 586 213 16.4 326,054 1,534 0 0.0 0 0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,354 303 12.9 11,642,792 38,486 185 7.9 1,414,932 7,657 0 0.0 0 0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,361 750 22.3 2,132,705 2,844 901 26.8 4,001,377 4,441 0 0.0 0 0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,310 1,005 23.3 13,490,812 13,418 825 19.1 3,124,386 3,787 0 0.0 0 0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 4,199 946 22.5 6,476,068 6,843 985 23.5 9,099,048 9,235 84 2.0 153,860 1,823 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 5,678 1,687 29.7 14,224,106 8,433 966 17.0 16,944,648 17,535 271 4.8 1,169,023 4,313 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 4,846 1,454 30.0 9,187,438 6,317 1,003 20.7 9,998,577 9,973 136 2.8 506,059 3,734 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 4,018 1,328 33.0 7,287,501 5,488 914 22.7 17,184,464 18,810 50 1.2 106,086 2,120 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 2,424 581 24.0 6,372,288 10,963 297 12.2 2,910,696 9,813 45 1.9 55,655 1,225 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 1,278 805 63.0 7,563,539 9,391 225 17.6 9,708,487 43,086 188 14.7 922,986 4,911 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 2,468 657 26.6 13,981,019 21,265 437 17.7 12,263,449 28,087 226 9.2 2,238,582 9,888 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 2,193 476 21.7 2,754,868 5,785 332 15.2 2,858,661 8,601 173 7.9 1,444,109 8,339 14More than Rf 4,200 3,601 857 23.8 23,752,916 27,719 555 15.4 14,480,621 26,087 197 5.5 544,076 2,760 Total all groups 42,526 11,059 26.0 118,988,365 10,759 7,837 18.4 104,315,401 13,311 1,371 3.2 7,140,436 5,208

Table 24.1.B1 Percentage of households indebted by per capita income groups (Monthly income, including rents) 1. Malé Repaying a loan (including any interest) Obtaining a loan (borrowing) Credit scheme/installment on capital goods paid out Monthly Per Capita Number of Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount repaid Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount taken Number of Percentage of Amount of Amount repaid Income Group Households Households households repaid per borrower Households households taken out per borrower Households households loans repaid per borrower 1 Less than Rf. 150 214 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 61 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 145 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 143 42 29.5 269,157 6,360 45 31.6 4,794 106 0 0.0 0 0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 62 45 72.9 1,198 26 50 81.0 798,976 15,899 0 0.0 0 0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 217 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 37 16.9 135,874 3,710 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 876 253 28.9 6,664,682 26,326 165 18.8 11,463,976 69,463 50 5.7 159,795 3,180 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 991 460 46.4 977,649 2,125 233 23.5 1,162,134 4,982 136 13.7 506,059 3,734 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 1,149 456 39.6 3,584,595 7,869 356 30.9 13,750,788 38,669 50 4.4 106,086 2,120 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 949 125 13.2 956,539 7,634 191 20.1 1,664,160 8,725 45 4.8 55,655 1,225 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 902 706 78.3 7,051,022 9,990 126 13.9 9,195,970 73,131 188 20.8 922,986 4,911 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,297 326 25.1 2,632,820 8,070 242 18.6 2,415,270 9,983 179 13.8 2,218,746 12,421 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 1,318 82 6.2 914,187 11,106 38 2.9 563,737 14,839 173 13.1 1,444,109 8,339 14More than Rf 4,200 2,259 516 22.8 17,454,772 33,836 268 11.9 7,894,209 29,415 61 2.7 58,232 954 Total all groups 10,583 3,012 28.5 40,506,620 13,449 1,714 16.2 48,914,014 28,535 919 8.7 5,607,542 6,104

Page 106 Table 24.1.B2 Percentage of households indebted by per capita income groups (Monthly income, including rents) 2. Atolls Repaying a loan (including any interest) Obtaining a loan (borrowing) Credit scheme/installment on capital goods paid out Monthly Per Capita Number of Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount repaid Number of Percentage of Amount of loans Amount taken Number of Percentage of Amount of Amount repaid Income Group Households Households households repaid per borrower Households households taken out per borrower Households households loans repaid per borrower 1 Less than Rf. 150 283 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0 2Rf. 150 - Rf 299 1,237 209 16.9 122,313 586 213 17.2 326,054 1,534 0 0.0 0 0 3 Rf. 300 - Rf. 449 2,209 303 13.7 11,642,792 38,486 185 8.4 1,414,932 7,657 0 0.0 0 0 4Rf. 450 - Rf 599 3,218 708 22.0 1,863,548 2,634 856 26.6 3,996,583 4,671 0 0.0 0 0 5 Rf. 600 - Rf. 749 4,248 960 22.6 13,489,614 14,049 775 18.2 2,325,410 3,002 0 0.0 0 0 6Rf. 750 - Rf 899 3,982 946 23.8 6,476,068 6,843 985 24.7 9,099,048 9,235 48 1.2 17,986 376 7Rf. 900 - Rf 1,199 4,802 1,434 29.9 7,559,424 5,273 801 16.7 5,480,672 6,840 221 4.6 1,009,228 4,570 8Rf. 1,200 - Rf 1,499 3,855 994 25.8 8,209,790 8,256 769 20.0 8,836,443 11,486 0 0.0 0 0 9Rf. 1,500 - Rf 1,799 2,869 872 30.4 3,702,906 4,245 558 19.4 3,433,676 6,154 0 0.0 0 0 10Rf. 1,800 - Rf 2,099 1,475 456 30.9 5,415,750 11,878 106 7.2 1,246,536 11,771 0 0.0 0 0 11Rf. 2,100 - Rf 2,399 377 100 26.4 512,517 5,147 100 26.4 512,517 5,147 0 0.0 0 0 12Rf. 2,400 - Rf 2,999 1,170 331 28.3 11,348,199 34,263 195 16.6 9,848,179 50,585 48 4.1 19,836 415 13Rf. 3,000 - Rf 4,199 875 394 45.0 1,840,681 4,673 294 33.6 2,294,924 7,796 0 0.0 0 0 14More than Rf 4,200 1,342 341 25.4 6,298,144 18,468 287 21.4 6,586,412 22,972 136 10.1 485,844 3,569 Total all groups 31,942 8,047 25.2 78,481,745 9,753 6,123 19.2 55,401,386 9,048 452 1.4 1,532,893 3,388

Page 107 Table 25.1.A Ownership of durable consumer goods Maldives Number of Average Newly purchased during the past year Value of purchases Item Durables Number per Second Average per Value of Average per New Total available Household hand household purchases household Number of Households: 42526 1 A TV 39,111 0.92 185 4,820 5,004 0.12 17,119,787 402.58 2 A Radio 31,926 0.75 117 4,659 4,776 0.11 2,315,773 54.46 3 A VCR/ VCP/ VCDP 31,340 0.74 283 4,562 4,846 0.11 9,374,142 220.44 4 A Compact Set 21,767 0.51 362 2,772 3,135 0.07 8,786,931 206.63 5 A Camera 9,709 0.23 134 1,657 1,791 0.04 4,414,469 103.81 6 A Cable TV 9,331 0.22 0 5,940 5,940 0.14 10,412,489 244.85 7 A Computer 8,827 0.21 133 2,067 2,200 0.05 27,295,182 641.85 8 A TV Game 8,253 0.19 17 1,165 1,182 0.03 1,732,602 40.74 9 A Dish Antennae 4,054 0.10 128 301 429 0.01 1,445,542 33.99 10 A Video camera 836 0.02 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 A CD Player 390 0.01 0 390 390 0.01 668,914 15.73

12 E Fan 126,641 2.98 991 14,394 15,385 0.36 5,343,910 125.66 13 E Electric Iron 41,520 0.98 154 6,577 6,731 0.16 1,609,430 37.85 14 E Washing Machine 35,143 0.83 84 5,936 6,020 0.14 9,737,396 228.98 15 E Mixer / Grinder 29,542 0.69 333 6,853 7,186 0.17 4,060,766 95.49 16 E Refrigerator / Fridge 23,019 0.54 365 2,560 2,925 0.07 9,050,546 212.83 17 E Water Pump 22,956 0.54 202 3,842 4,044 0.10 4,076,706 95.86 18 E Gas cooker 16,903 0.40 156 5,371 5,527 0.13 5,785,893 136.06 19 E Electric Sewing Machine 16,628 0.39 222 1,917 2,139 0.05 5,393,589 126.83 20 E Electric Oven 12,473 0.29 192 2,195 2,387 0.06 1,675,789 39.41 21 E Sewing Machine 2,793 0.07 44 317 361 0.01 535,591 12.59 22 E Rice Cooker 2,727 0.06 50 449 499 0.01 342,454 8.05 23 E Stove 2,461 0.06 0 555 555 0.01 517,909 12.18 24 E Generator 1,955 0.05 104 60 165 0.00 1,543,130 36.29 25 E Air Conditioner 1,781 0.04 0 169 169 0.00 1,616,386 38.01

26 T Bicycle 35,217 0.83 468 5,188 5,656 0.13 9,698,691 228.07 27 T Mobile phone 21,740 0.51 507 9,498 10,005 0.24 19,803,320 465.68 28 T Telephone 16,830 0.40 41 2,583 2,623 0.06 2,267,952 53.33 29 T Cycle 10,260 0.24 577 1,170 1,747 0.04 38,750,845 911.24 30 T Dhoani / Speed boat 5,730 0.13 246 146 391 0.01 11,999,240 282.17 31 T Car 1,693 0.04 0 181 181 0.00 8,634,260 203.04 32 T Pickup / Lorry 1,603 0.04 73 0 73 0.00 4,995,954 117.48 33 T Barrow 941 0.02 0 285 285 0.01 114,147 2.68 34 T Fax machine 829 0.02 38 0 38 0.00 56,985 1.34 Total all durables 596,927 14.04 6,207 98,577 104,783 2.46 231,176,722 5,436

Page 108 Table 25.1.B1 Ownership of durable consumer goods Malé Number of Average Newly purchased during the past year Value of purchases Item Durables Number per Second Average per Value of Average per New Total available Household hand household purchases household Number of Households: 10583 1 A TV 15,692 1.48 124 1,652 1,776 0.17 6,213,508 587.09 2 A Radio 7,132 0.67 78 860 938 0.09 706,711 66.77 3 A VCR/ VCP/ VCDP 11,633 1.10 168 1,458 1,626 0.15 3,483,483 329.14 4 A Compact Set 7,190 0.68 103 637 740 0.07 2,156,993 203.81 5 A Camera 4,331 0.41 0 1,010 1,010 0.10 2,071,552 195.73 6 A Cable TV 4,415 0.42 0 3,147 3,147 0.30 7,117,800 672.54 7 A Computer 5,766 0.54 34 1,402 1,435 0.14 19,750,495 1,866.16 8 A TV Game 4,453 0.42 17 368 384 0.04 739,314 69.86 9 A Dish Antennae 1,790 0.17 0 154 154 0.01 718,463 67.89 10 A Video camera 626 0.06 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 A CD Player 50 0.00 0 50 50 0.00 125,633 11.87

12 E Fan 40,870 3.86 365 5,391 5,756 0.54 2,023,840 191.23 13 E Electric Iron 12,241 1.16 124 2,458 2,583 0.24 530,627 50.14 14 E Washing Machine 10,714 1.01 84 2,406 2,490 0.24 4,534,815 428.48 15 E Mixer / Grinder 10,872 1.03 242 2,693 2,935 0.28 1,741,356 164.54 16 E Refrigerator / Fridge 10,021 0.95 173 1,075 1,248 0.12 3,736,311 353.03 17 E Water Pump 11,240 1.06 172 1,912 2,084 0.20 2,289,180 216.30 18 E Gas cooker 8,833 0.83 156 2,480 2,635 0.25 3,163,199 298.88 19 E Electric Sewing Machine 7,904 0.75 161 929 1,090 0.10 2,498,324 236.06 20 E Electric Oven 6,070 0.57 141 746 887 0.08 693,553 65.53 21 E Sewing Machine 34 0.00 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 22 E Rice Cooker 1,537 0.15 50 226 276 0.03 178,636 16.88 23 E Stove 172 0.02 0 41 41 0.00 276,831 26.16 24 E Generator 390 0.04 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 25 E Air Conditioner 1,405 0.13 0 100 100 0.01 793,523 74.98

26 T Bicycle 6,068 0.57 122 863 985 0.09 3,341,302 315.71 27 T Mobile phone 13,469 1.27 397 5,155 5,552 0.52 11,375,066 1,074.79 28 T Telephone 11,077 1.05 41 1,397 1,438 0.14 938,905 88.71 29 T Cycle 6,992 0.66 264 1,027 1,291 0.12 33,342,276 3,150.41 30 T Dhoani / Speed boat 992 0.09 13 0 13 0.00 31,491 2.98 31 T Car 840 0.08 0 81 81 0.01 4,651,097 439.47 32 T Pickup / Lorry 549 0.05 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 33 T Barrow 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 34 T Fax machine 419 0.04 38 0 38 0.00 56,985 5.38 Total all durables 225,787 21.33 3,066 39,716 42,783 4.04 119,281,269 11,271

Page 109 Table 25.1.B2 Ownership of durable consumer goods Atolls Number of Average Newly purchased during the past year Value of purchases Item Durables Number per Second Average per Value of Average per New Total available Household hand household purchases household Number of Households: 31942 1 A TV 23,420 0.73 60 3,168 3,228 0.10 10,906,280 341.44 2 A Radio 24,794 0.78 40 3,799 3,838 0.12 1,609,062 50.37 3 A VCR/ VCP/ VCDP 19,707 0.62 115 3,104 3,220 0.10 5,890,659 184.42 4 A Compact Set 14,577 0.46 259 2,136 2,395 0.07 6,629,938 207.56 5 A Camera 5,378 0.17 134 647 780 0.02 2,342,917 73.35 6 A Cable TV 4,916 0.15 0 2,793 2,793 0.09 3,294,689 103.15 7 A Computer 3,061 0.10 100 666 765 0.02 7,544,687 236.20 8 A TV Game 3,800 0.12 0 798 798 0.02 993,288 31.10 9 A Dish Antennae 2,264 0.07 128 147 275 0.01 727,079 22.76 10 A Video camera 209 0.01 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 A CD Player 340 0.01 0 340 340 0.01 543,281 17.01

12 E Fan 85,771 2.69 627 9,002 9,629 0.30 3,320,071 103.94 13 E Electric Iron 29,278 0.92 30 4,118 4,148 0.13 1,078,803 33.77 14 E Washing Machine 24,430 0.76 0 3,530 3,530 0.11 5,202,581 162.88 15 E Mixer / Grinder 18,670 0.58 91 4,160 4,250 0.13 2,319,410 72.61 16 E Refrigerator / Fridge 12,998 0.41 192 1,485 1,677 0.05 5,314,236 166.37 17 E Water Pump 11,716 0.37 30 1,931 1,960 0.06 1,787,526 55.96 18 E Gas cooker 8,071 0.25 0 2,891 2,891 0.09 2,622,694 82.11 19 E Electric Sewing Machine 8,724 0.27 60 989 1,049 0.03 2,895,265 90.64 20 E Electric Oven 6,403 0.20 51 1,449 1,500 0.05 982,236 30.75 21 E Sewing Machine 2,759 0.09 44 317 361 0.01 535,591 16.77 22 E Rice Cooker 1,190 0.04 0 222 222 0.01 163,818 5.13 23 E Stove 2,289 0.07 0 514 514 0.02 241,078 7.55 24 E Generator 1,565 0.05 104 60 165 0.01 1,543,130 48.31 25 E Air Conditioner 376 0.01 0 69 69 0.00 822,863 25.76

26 T Bicycle 29,149 0.91 346 4,325 4,671 0.15 6,357,389 199.03 27 T Mobile phone 8,270 0.26 111 4,343 4,454 0.14 8,428,254 263.86 28 T Telephone 5,753 0.18 0 1,186 1,186 0.04 1,329,047 41.61 29 T Cycle 3,267 0.10 313 143 456 0.01 5,408,569 169.32 30 T Dhoani / Speed boat 4,738 0.15 233 146 379 0.01 11,967,749 374.67 31 T Car 854 0.03 0 100 100 0.00 3,983,162 124.70 32 T Pickup / Lorry 1,055 0.03 73 0 73 0.00 4,995,954 156.41 33 T Barrow 941 0.03 0 285 285 0.01 114,147 3.57 34 T Fax machine 409 0.01 0 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 Total all durables 371,141 11.62 3,140 58,860 62,001 1.94 111,895,453 3,503

Page 110 Table 26.1.A Number of households reporting overseas travel by purpose Maldives Source of financing Travel expenditures (Rf per year) Total Number of Number of Share of Lodging, Treatment Total expenditures Travel expenses households households households and other expenses Purpose of overseas travel All 42,526 Education Travel 569 1.34 28,050,562 4,572,036 23,478,528 Leisure travel 3,431 8.07 106,087,524 33,461,475 72,626,052 Medical Travel 1,961 4.61 38,683,065 10,942,390 27,740,752 Religious (Haj) Travel 334 0.79 15,212,920 7,209,982 8,002,953 Total 6,295 14.80 188,034,071 56,185,884 131,848,286 Self Education Travel 378 0.89 25,019,708 3,056,676 21,963,032 Leisure travel 3,023 7.11 93,132,581 28,617,460 64,515,120 Medical Travel 1,526 3.59 32,473,716 9,649,167 22,824,549 Religious (Haj) Travel 194 0.46 8,817,620 4,355,031 4,462,588 Total 5,121 12.04 159,443,625 45,678,335 113,765,290 Others Education Travel 191 0.45 3,030,853 1,515,360 1,515,496 Leisure travel 408 0.96 12,954,943 4,844,015 8,110,932 Medical Travel 435 1.02 6,209,349 1,293,223 4,916,204 Religious (Haj) Travel 140 0.33 6,395,300 2,854,951 3,540,365 Total 1,174 2.76 28,590,446 10,507,549 18,082,997 Table 26.2.A Distribution of households reporting overseas travel by purpose (Percent) Maldives All Education Travel 9.0 14.9 8.1 17.8 Leisure travel 54.5 56.4 59.6 55.1 Medical Travel 31.1 20.6 19.5 21.0 Religious (Haj) Travel 5.3 8.1 12.8 6.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Self Education Travel 7.4 15.7 6.7 19.3 Leisure travel 59.0 58.4 62.6 56.7 Medical Travel 29.8 20.4 21.1 20.1 Religious (Haj) Travel 3.8 5.5 9.5 3.9 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Others Education Travel 16.3 10.6 14.4 8.4 Leisure travel 34.7 45.3 46.1 44.9 Medical Travel 37.0 21.7 12.3 27.2 Religious (Haj) Travel 12.0 22.4 27.2 19.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Page 111 Table 26.1.B1 Number of households reporting overseas travel by purpose Male' Source of financing Travel expenditures (Rf per year) Total Number of Number of Share of Lodging, Treatment Total expenditures Travel expenses households households households and other expenses Purpose of overseas travel All 10,583 Education Travel 565 5.33 28,050,558 4,572,034 23,478,524 Leisure travel 1,193 11.28 49,336,235 17,098,668 32,237,567 Medical Travel 1,884 17.80 38,682,985 10,942,316 27,740,669 Religious (Haj) Travel 287 2.71 14,158,796 7,108,341 7,050,455 Total 3,929 37.12 130,228,574 39,721,359 90,507,216 Self Education Travel 378 3.57 25,019,708 3,056,676 21,963,032 Leisure travel 797 7.53 36,381,295 12,254,657 24,126,638 Medical Travel 1,526 14.42 32,473,716 9,649,167 22,824,549 Religious (Haj) Travel 154 1.46 7,763,508 4,253,408 3,510,100 Total 2,854 26.97 101,638,228 29,213,909 72,424,319 Others Education Travel 187 1.76 3,030,850 1,515,358 1,515,492 Leisure travel 397 3.75 12,954,940 4,844,011 8,110,929 Medical Travel 358 3.38 6,209,269 1,293,149 4,916,120 Religious (Haj) Travel 133 1.26 6,395,287 2,854,932 3,540,355 Total 1,074 10.15 28,590,346 10,507,449 18,082,897 Table 26.2.B1 Distribution of households reporting overseas travel by purpose (Percent) Male' All Education Travel 14.4 21.5 11.5 25.9 Leisure travel 30.4 37.9 43.0 35.6 Medical Travel 47.9 29.7 27.5 30.7 Religious (Haj) Travel 7.3 10.9 17.9 7.8 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Self Education Travel 13.2 24.6 10.5 30.3 Leisure travel 27.9 35.8 41.9 33.3 Medical Travel 53.5 32.0 33.0 31.5 Religious (Haj) Travel 5.4 7.6 14.6 4.8 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Others Education Travel 17.4 10.6 14.4 8.4 Leisure travel 36.9 45.3 46.1 44.9 Medical Travel 33.3 21.7 12.3 27.2 Religious (Haj) Travel 12.4 22.4 27.2 19.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Page 112 Table 26.1.B2 Number of households reporting overseas travel by purpose Atolls Source of financing Travel expenditures (Rf per year) Total Number of Number of Share of Lodging, Treatment Total expenditures Travel expenses households households households and other expenses Purpose of overseas travel All 31,942 Education Travel 176 0.55 3,874,522 1,025,987 2,848,535 Leisure travel 421 1.32 3,525,696 1,478,981 2,046,715 Medical Travel 2,967 9.29 93,439,278 29,837,760 63,601,519 Religious (Haj) Travel 285 0.89 15,306,905 7,671,804 7,635,101 Total 3,849 12.05 116,146,401 40,014,532 76,131,869 Self Education Travel 136 0.43 2,820,411 924,365 1,896,047 Leisure travel 182 0.57 2,562,721 956,826 1,605,895 Medical Travel 1,869 5.85 50,125,550 13,493,065 36,632,484 Religious (Haj) Travel 40 0.12 1,242,603 988,547 254,057 Total 2,227 6.97 56,751,286 16,362,803 40,388,482 Others Education Travel 40 0.12 1,054,111 101,623 952,488 Leisure travel 239 0.75 962,975 522,155 440,819 Medical Travel 1,098 3.44 43,313,729 16,344,694 26,969,034 Religious (Haj) Travel 246 0.77 14,064,301 6,683,257 7,381,044 Total 1,622 5.08 59,395,116 23,651,729 35,743,387 Table 26.2.B1 Distribution of households reporting overseas travel by purpose (Percent) Atolls All Education Travel 4.6 3.3 2.6 3.7 Leisure travel 10.9 3.0 3.7 2.7 Medical Travel 77.1 80.4 74.6 83.5 Religious (Haj) Travel 7.4 13.2 19.2 10.0 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Self Education Travel 6.1 5.0 5.6 4.7 Leisure travel 8.2 4.5 5.8 4.0 Medical Travel 83.9 88.3 82.5 90.7 Religious (Haj) Travel 1.8 2.2 6.0 0.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Others Education Travel 2.4 1.8 0.4 2.7 Leisure travel 14.7 1.6 2.2 1.2 Medical Travel 67.7 72.9 69.1 75.5 Religious (Haj) Travel 15.1 23.7 28.3 20.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Page 113 Table 27.1.A Number of households reporting construction activities by type Maldives Construction expenditures by type (Rf per year) Number of Share of Repairs and Total expenditures New construction Digging of wells Land reclamation Types of construction work households households maintenance All 42,526 New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 57 0.13 1,929,080 656,006 528,190 275,099 469,785 New construction, repairs and digging wells 284 0.67 7,128,876 6,094,504 649,234 385,139 0 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 41 0.10 1,057,227 613,683 20,315 0 423,229 New construction and repairs 925 2.18 10,119,500 6,161,458 3,958,041 0 0 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 200 0.47 43,386,729 41,391,837 0 493,697 1,501,195 New construction and digging wells 921 2.17 14,484,392 13,417,431 0 1,066,961 0 New construction and land reclamation 273 0.64 6,902,872 6,602,379 0 0 300,493 New construction 6,987 16.43 161,517,973 161,517,973 0 0 0 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 00.0000000 Repairs and digging wells 266 0.63 2,903,354 0 2,539,376 363,977 0 Repairs and land reclamation 218 0.51 482,482 0 258,170 0 224,312 Repairs 4,811 11.31 23,517,123 0 23,517,123 0 0 Digging wells and land reclamation 00.0000000 Digging wells 476 1.12 354,031 0 0 354,031 0 Land reclamation 1000.2321,16100021,161 Total 15,559 36.59 273,804,800 236,455,270 31,470,451 2,938,905 2,940,175 Table 27.2.A Distribution of construction activities by type (Percent) Maldives

New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.7 34.0 27.4 14.3 24.4 New construction, repairs and digging wells 2.6 85.5 9.1 5.4 0.0 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 0.4 58.0 1.9 0.0 40.0 New construction and repairs 3.7 60.9 39.1 0.0 0.0 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 15.8 95.4 0.0 1.1 3.5 New construction and digging wells 5.3 92.6 0.0 7.4 0.0 New construction and land reclamation 2.5 95.6 0.0 0.0 4.4 New construction 59.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs and digging wells 1.1 0.0 87.5 12.5 0.0 Repairs and land reclamation 0.2 0.0 53.5 0.0 46.5 Repairs 8.6 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 Land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 Total 100.0 86.4 11.5 1.1 1.1

Page 114 Table 27.1.B1 Number of households reporting construction activities by type Male' Construction expenditures by type (Rf per year) Number of Share of Repairs and Total expenditures New construction Digging of wells Land reclamation Types of construction work households households maintenance All 10,583 New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 57 0.54 1,929,080 656,006 528,190 275,099 469,785 New construction, repairs and digging wells 0.00 0 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 41 0.39 1,057,227 613,683 20,315 423,229 New construction and repairs 153 1.45 2,053,509 685,632 1,367,877 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 106 1.01 42,809,655 41,053,253 275,099 1,481,303 New construction and digging wells 51 0.48 232,776 126,969 105,807 New construction and land reclamation 42 0.40 423,229 338,584 84,646 New construction 759 7.17 66,050,325 66,050,325 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.00 0 Repairs and digging wells 61 0.58 465,552 338,584 126,969 Repairs and land reclamation 45 0.43 173,524 169,292 4,232 Repairs 1,047 9.89 5,856,733 5,856,733 Digging wells and land reclamation 0.00 0 Digging wells 40 0.38 63,484 63,484 Land reclamation 0.00 0 Total 2,403 22.71 121,115,096 109,524,451 8,280,991 846,459 2,463,195 Table 27.2.B1 Distribution of construction activities by type (Percent) Male'

New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 1.6 34.0 27.4 14.3 24.4 New construction, repairs and digging wells 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 0.9 58.0 1.9 0.0 40.0 New construction and repairs 1.7 33.4 66.6 0.0 0.0 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 35.3 95.9 0.0 0.6 3.5 New construction and digging wells 0.2 54.5 0.0 45.5 0.0 New construction and land reclamation 0.3 80.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 New construction 54.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs and digging wells 0.4 0.0 72.7 27.3 0.0 Repairs and land reclamation 0.1 0.0 97.6 0.0 2.4 Repairs 4.8 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 Land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total 100.0 90.4 6.8 0.7 2.0

Page 115 Table 27.1.B2 Number of households reporting construction activities by type Atolls Construction expenditures by type (Rf per year) Number of Share of Repairs and Total expenditures New construction Digging of wells Land reclamation Types of construction work households households maintenance All 31,942 New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.00 0 New construction, repairs and digging wells 283.75 0.89 7,128,876 6,094,504 649,234 385,139 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 0.00 0 New construction and repairs 772.11 2.42 8,065,991 5,475,827 2,590,164 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 93.44 0.29 577,073 338,584 218,598 19,892 New construction and digging wells 870.21 2.72 14,251,616 13,290,462 961,154 New construction and land reclamation 230.59 0.72 6,479,642 6,263,795 215,847 New construction 6228.34 19.50 95,467,648 95,467,648 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.00 0 Repairs and digging wells 204.87 0.64 2,437,801 2,200,793 237,008 Repairs and land reclamation 173.05 0.54 308,957 88,878 220,079 Repairs 3763.63 11.78 17,660,390 17,660,390 Digging wells and land reclamation 0.00 0 Digging wells 436.24 1.37 290,547 290,547 Land reclamation 99.58 0.31 21,161 21,161 Total 13,156 41.19 152,689,704 126,930,819 23,189,459 2,092,446 476,980 Table 27.2.B2 Distribution of construction activities by type (Percent) Atolls

New construction, repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New construction, repairs and digging wells 4.7 85.5 9.1 5.4 0.0 New construction, repairs and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New construction and repairs 5.3 67.9 32.1 0.0 0.0 New construction, digging wells and land reclamation 0.4 58.7 0.0 37.9 3.4 New construction and digging wells 9.3 93.3 0.0 6.7 0.0 New construction and land reclamation 4.2 96.7 0.0 0.0 3.3 New construction 62.5 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs, digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Repairs and digging wells 1.6 0.0 90.3 9.7 0.0 Repairs and land reclamation 0.2 0.0 28.8 0.0 71.2 Repairs 11.6 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells and land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Digging wells 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 Land reclamation 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 Total 100.0 83.1 15.2 1.4 0.3

Page 116 Table 28.1 Perception of household status within the community, by income group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than All groups Household status Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Republic Well below average 2,156 158 356 363 263 177 401 129 228 17 44 21 0 0 0 Below average 4,339 142 225 394 751 494 370 252 440 351 292 150 74 243 161 Average 27,469 135 555 1,533 1,900 3,034 2,460 4,233 3,321 2,741 1,472 891 1,556 1,425 2,213 Well off 7,499 63 162 64 446 561 800 848 657 841 516 217 837 524 962 Very well off 1,062 0 0 0 0 44 168 215 200 69 100 0 0 0 266 Total 42,526 497 1,298 2,354 3,361 4,310 4,199 5,678 4,846 4,018 2,424 1,278 2,468 2,193 3,601 Male' Well below average 329400610008410617021000 Below average 636500000015276112102820061 Average 7,906 61 61 84 101 62 204 574 791 954 751 655 1,015 872 1,721 Well off 1,629 63 0 0 42 0 13 45 0 66 95 143 283 446 431 Very well off 8300000021170000045 Total 10,583 214 61 145 143 62 217 876 991 1,149 949 902 1,297 1,318 2,259 Atolls Well below average 1,827 117 356 302 263 177 401 46 121 0 44 0 0 0 0 Below average 3,703 92 225 394 751 494 370 100 364 238 190 67 74 243 100 Average 19,562 73 494 1,449 1,799 2,972 2,255 3,659 2,530 1,787 721 236 541 553 492 Well off 5,871 0 162 64 404 561 787 803 657 775 421 73 555 79 530 Very well off 979 0 0 0 0 44 168 194 183 69 100 0 0 0 221 Total 31,942 283 1,237 2,209 3,218 4,248 3,982 4,802 3,855 2,869 1,475 377 1,170 875 1,342 Table 28.2 Distribution of Perception of household status within the community, by income group (Percent) Republic Well below average 5.1 31.7 27.4 15.4 7.8 4.1 9.5 2.3 4.7 0.4 1.8 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 Below average 10.2 28.5 17.4 16.7 22.4 11.5 8.8 4.4 9.1 8.7 12.1 11.7 3.0 11.1 4.5 Average 64.6 27.1 42.8 65.1 56.5 70.4 58.6 74.6 68.5 68.2 60.7 69.7 63.1 65.0 61.4 Well off 17.6 12.7 12.4 2.7 13.3 13.0 19.1 14.9 13.6 20.9 21.3 17.0 33.9 23.9 26.7 Very well off 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 1.7 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 Total 100.0 1.2 3.1 5.5 7.9 10.1 9.9 13.4 11.4 9.4 5.7 3.0 5.8 5.2 8.5 Male' Well below average 3.1 18.7 0.0 42.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.5 10.7 1.5 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Below average 6.0 23.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.3 7.7 9.8 10.8 9.1 0.0 0.0 2.7 Average 74.7 28.5 100.0 57.9 70.5 100.0 94.2 65.5 79.9 83.0 79.1 72.6 78.2 66.2 76.2 Well off 15.4 29.5 0.0 0.0 29.5 0.0 5.8 5.2 0.0 5.8 10.1 15.9 21.8 33.8 19.1 Very well off 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.4 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 Total 100.0 2.0 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.6 2.1 8.3 9.4 10.9 9.0 8.5 12.3 12.5 21.3 Atolls Well below average 5.7 41.6 28.8 13.7 8.2 4.2 10.1 1.0 3.1 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Below average 11.6 32.5 18.2 17.8 23.4 11.6 9.3 2.1 9.4 8.3 12.9 17.9 6.3 27.8 7.4 Average 61.2 26.0 40.0 65.6 55.9 70.0 56.6 76.2 65.6 62.3 48.9 62.6 46.3 63.2 36.6 Well off 18.4 0.0 13.1 2.9 12.6 13.2 19.8 16.7 17.0 27.0 28.5 19.5 47.4 9.0 39.5 Very well off 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 4.2 4.0 4.8 2.4 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.5 Total 100.0 0.9 3.9 6.9 10.1 13.3 12.5 15.0 12.1 9.0 4.6 1.2 3.7 2.7 4.2

Page 117 Table 29.1 Perception of change in household incomes, by income group 1234567891011121314 Less than Rf. 150 - Rf. 300 - Rf. 450 - Rf. 600 - Rf. 750 - Rf. 900 - Rf. 1,200 - Rf. 1,500 - Rf. 1,800 - Rf. 2,100 - Rf. 2,400 - Rf. 3,000 - More than All groups Income change Rf. 150 Rf 299 Rf. 449 Rf 599 Rf. 749 Rf 899 Rf 1,199 Rf 1,499 Rf 1,799 Rf 2,099 Rf 2,399 Rf 2,999 Rf 4,199 Rf 4,200 Republic Increased 12,782 107 100 369 296 801 1,184 1,795 1,625 1,526 733 586 1,133 789 1,736 Remained the same 10,028 135 489 766 1,056 792 1,280 1,031 1,012 850 617 359 449 454 738 Decreased 19,716 255 709 1,219 2,009 2,717 1,735 2,852 2,209 1,642 1,073 333 886 950 1,127 Total 42,526 497 1,298 2,354 3,361 4,310 4,199 5,678 4,846 4,018 2,424 1,278 2,468 2,193 3,601 Male' Increased 3,457 63 0 34 42 17 21 305 201 115 273 416 439 570 960 Remained the same 2,795 61 0 50 0 0 183 146 345 352 314 259 305 263 517 Decreased 4,331 90 61 61 101 45 13 425 445 682 361 227 554 485 781 Total 10,583 214 61 145 143 62 217 876 991 1,149 949 902 1,297 1,318 2,259 Atolls Increased 9,325 44 100 335 254 785 1,163 1,490 1,424 1,411 460 170 694 219 776 Remained the same 7,232 73 489 716 1,056 792 1,097 885 667 498 303 100 144 191 221 Decreased 15,385 165 648 1,158 1,908 2,672 1,722 2,427 1,764 960 712 107 332 465 345 Total 31,942 283 1,237 2,209 3,218 4,248 3,982 4,802 3,855 2,869 1,475 377 1,170 875 1,342 Table 29.2 Distribution of Perception of change in household incomes, by income group (Percent) Republic Increased 30.1 21.6 7.7 15.7 8.8 18.6 28.2 31.6 33.5 38.0 30.3 45.8 45.9 36.0 48.2 Remained the same 23.6 27.1 37.7 32.5 31.4 18.4 30.5 18.2 20.9 21.2 25.5 28.1 18.2 20.7 20.5 Decreased 46.4 51.4 54.6 51.8 59.8 63.0 41.3 50.2 45.6 40.9 44.3 26.1 35.9 43.3 31.3 Total 100.0 1.2 3.1 5.5 7.9 10.1 9.9 13.4 11.4 9.4 5.7 3.0 5.8 5.2 8.5 Male' Increased 32.7 29.5 0.0 23.3 29.5 27.1 9.7 34.8 20.3 10.0 28.8 46.1 33.8 43.3 42.5 Remained the same 26.4 28.5 0.0 34.7 0.0 0.0 84.5 16.6 34.8 30.6 33.1 28.8 23.5 19.9 22.9 Decreased 40.9 42.0 100.0 42.1 70.5 72.9 5.8 48.6 44.9 59.4 38.1 25.1 42.7 36.8 34.6 Total 100.0 2.0 0.6 1.4 1.4 0.6 2.1 8.3 9.4 10.9 9.0 8.5 12.3 12.5 21.3 Atolls Increased 29.2 15.6 8.1 15.2 7.9 18.5 29.2 31.0 36.9 49.2 31.2 45.3 59.3 25.0 57.8 Remained the same 22.6 26.0 39.5 32.4 32.8 18.6 27.5 18.4 17.3 17.4 20.5 26.4 12.3 21.9 16.5 Decreased 48.2 58.4 52.4 52.4 59.3 62.9 43.2 50.5 45.8 33.5 48.3 28.3 28.4 53.1 25.7 Total 100.0 0.9 3.9 6.9 10.1 13.3 12.5 15.0 12.1 9.0 4.6 1.2 3.7 2.7 4.2

Page 118 Table 30.1 Perception of change in household incomes, by perception of household status in the community Well below All groups Income change average Below average Average Well off Very well off Maldives Increased 12,782 279 607 7,687 3,611 598 Remained the same 19,716 916 1,980 13,258 3,098 464 Decreased 10,028 961 1,752 6,524 790 0 Total 42,526 2,156 4,339 27,469 7,499 1,062 Male' Increased 3,457 58 245 2,240 830 83 Remained the same 4,331 139 289 3,320 584 Decreased 2,795 132 102 2,347 215 Total 10,583 329 636 7,906 1,629 83 Atolls Increased 9,325 221 361 5,447 2,781 514 Remained the same 15,385 777 1,691 9,938 2,514 464 Decreased 7,232 829 1,651 4,177 575 Total 31,942 1,827 3,703 19,562 5,871 979 Table 30.2 Distribution of Perception of change in household incomes, (Percent) by perception of household status in the community Maldives Increased 30.1 12.9 14.0 28.0 48.2 56.3 Remained the same 46.4 42.5 45.6 48.3 41.3 43.7 Decreased 23.6 44.6 40.4 23.8 10.5 0.0 Total 100.0 5.1 10.2 64.6 17.6 2.5 Male' Increased 32.7 17.6 38.6 28.3 51.0 100.0 Remained the same 40.9 42.2 45.5 42.0 35.8 0.0 Decreased 26.4 40.1 16.0 29.7 13.2 0.0 Total 100.0 3.1 6.0 74.7 15.4 0.8 Atolls Increased 29.2 12.1 9.8 27.8 47.4 52.6 Remained the same 48.2 42.5 45.7 50.8 42.8 47.4 Decreased 22.6 45.4 44.6 21.4 9.8 0.0 Total 100.0 5.7 11.6 61.2 18.4 3.1

Page 119 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY HOUSEHOLDS ( 12,895,373 5,621,626 7,273,747 1,572,140 1,492,067 1,159,048 1,046,941 2,003,551 01 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 3,544,021 1,099,424 2,444,597 546,891 517,923 401,466 358,805 619,511 01 .1 Food 3,338,306 1,031,519 2,306,787 510,102 488,542 387,791 339,816 580,537 01 .1 .1 Bread and cereals 634,517 190,122 444,395 98,347 99,514 64,122 68,274 114,138 01 .1 .1 0112099 Maize (corn) 4,143 70 4,074 0 362 26 1,673 2,013 01 .1 .1 2311001 Aata flour, aata fuh 130,279 34,671 95,608 21,417 18,932 12,492 18,193 24,574 01 .1 .1 2312099 Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin 1518268068000 01 .1 .1 2315001 Baby cereal foods, cerelac, nestum etc 14,282 11,737 2,545 518 0 217 189 1,622 01 .1 .1 2315002 Corn flakes 6,745 5,511 1,234 0 274 56 576 327 01 .1 .1 2315003 Bimbi, millet 25202520252000 01 .1 .1 2315099 Other cereal grain products (including corn flakes 740740000000 01 .1 .1 2316001 Baiy, handoo 206,007 54,814 151,193 33,728 35,239 22,023 24,714 35,490 01 .1 .1 2342001 Biscuits 108,013 20,841 87,172 19,460 24,043 12,811 9,991 20,868 01 .1 .1 2342002 Apollo 952095200013939 01 .1 .1 2343001 Bread 46,417 31,126 15,291 678 3,361 2,097 884 8,271 01 .1 .1 2343002 Buns, round, long etc, hus banas 19,132 8,146 10,986 1,089 2,276 1,932 651 5,039 01 .1 .1 2343004 Faaroshi, hikki banas 39,549 6,152 33,397 8,580 9,744 3,910 5,644 5,520 01 .1 .1 2343005 Cake 2,226 1,586 640 0 27 0 157 455 01 .1 .1 2371001 Macaroni, spagetti uncooked 8,214 3,565 4,649 1,443 117 1,543 344 1,202 01 .1 .1 2371002 Noodles uncooked 47,277 10,942 36,334 11,434 4,819 7,015 5,247 7,819 01 .1 .1 2371099 Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared 9090000000 01 .1 .1 2372002 Noodles cooked 4747000000 01 .1 .2 Meat 94,177 54,898 39,279 9,484 6,471 5,477 3,206 14,640 01 .1 .2 0212299 Poultry, live 19,534 3,265 16,269 5,121 2,794 398 2,515 5,440 01 .1 .2 2111201 Beef Frozen 4,826 3,097 1,728 0 840 533 0 356 01 .1 .2 2112201 Chicken and chicken products frozen 59,439 39,206 20,233 3,895 2,680 4,123 691 8,845 01 .1 .2 2112202 Sausage, chicken 10,378 9,329 1,049 468 157 424 0 0 01 .1 .3 Fish 551,519 181,323 370,196 94,652 73,320 78,522 56,048 67,654 01 .1 .3 0411099 Fish, live 140140000000 01 .1 .3 0412001 Kalhubila mas, Skipjack tuna fresh or chilled 270,128 99,203 170,925 49,675 31,425 19,443 35,848 34,534 01 .1 .3 0412002 Mushimas fresh or chilled 9,062 1,214 7,848 1,622 1,023 3,282 1,361 560 01 .1 .3 0412003 Giulhu, hibaru, maniya,vella fresh or chilled 64,220 15,059 49,161 9,019 6,497 23,362 4,134 6,150 01 .1 .3 0412004 Boavadhila mas, cuttle fish fresh or chilled 180180000000 01 .1 .3 2123001 Dried Fish, hikki mas 24,655 2,483 22,173 8,987 3,000 3,144 1,733 5,308 01 .1 .3 2123002 Smoked fish, valho mas 42,805 16,933 25,872 5,544 5,189 1,687 4,478 8,975 01 .1 .3 2123003 Mas packets sa;ted or dried 5,207 3,587 1,620 0 0 226 541 854 01 .1 .3 2124001 Canned fish 64,078 29,155 34,923 5,698 12,455 9,410 3,080 4,281 01 .1 .3 2124002 Fried fish 79079007900 01 .1 .3 2124003 Fish paste, rihaakuru 70,872 13,277 57,595 14,108 13,732 17,888 4,875 6,992 01 .1 .3 2124099 Other Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved; cavia 3232000000 01 .1 .3 2125002 Cuttle fish, bovadhila mas, frozen 6060000000

Page 120 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .4 Milk, cheese and eggs 566,534 206,769 359,765 73,332 70,518 55,327 46,271 114,317 01 .1 .4 0292001 Eggs, chicken 78,911 25,034 53,878 10,674 11,707 7,452 5,059 18,985 01 .1 .4 0292002 Eggs, turtle 259259000000 01 .1 .4 2211001 Processed liquid milk 5151000000 01 .1 .4 2211003 Flavoured milk packed 46,987 31,563 15,424 1,840 8,634 1,447 597 2,905 01 .1 .4 2291001 Baby milk powder, enfalac, lactogen, SMA etc 2,0251,0769499490000 01 .1 .4 2291002 Baby food, milupa etc 709709000000 01 .1 .4 2291003 Coast milk powder, anchor, nido, etc 332,052 103,206 228,846 43,653 41,862 35,584 31,947 75,800 01 .1 .4 2291004 Horlicks 32103213210000 01 .1 .4 2291005 Milo in sold form 53,437 17,613 35,824 9,033 5,085 4,963 5,726 11,018 01 .1 .4 2292001 Condensed milk, geri kiru 36,856 15,450 21,406 5,350 3,229 5,052 2,678 5,096 01 .1 .4 2292099 Other Milk and cream, concentrated or containing a 9,238 6,866 2,372 1,277 0 660 264 171 01 .1 .4 2293099 Yoghurt and other fermented or acidified milk and 3434000000 01 .1 .4 2295099 Cheddar, cheese 5,653 4,909 744 233 0 169 0 341 01 .1 .5 Oils and fats 133,253 41,470 91,783 15,039 22,801 12,194 14,384 27,364 01 .1 .5 2165001 Cooking oil 117,801 34,265 83,536 13,587 21,437 11,535 13,715 23,262 01 .1 .5 2165099 Soya-bean, ground-nut, olive, sunflower-seed, saff 24602462460000 01 .1 .5 2294099 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk 15,207 7,206 8,001 1,207 1,365 659 669 4,101 01 .1 .6 Fruit 654,126 150,006 504,120 112,626 92,536 88,194 82,227 128,538 01 .1 .6 0131001 Banana, bothiraiy, fus, sampa 111,883 18,510 93,373 21,636 12,362 8,758 20,749 29,869 01 .1 .6 0131002 maalhoskeyo ripe, banana 17,678 2,846 14,832 1,140 1,399 1,427 2,061 8,804 01 .1 .6 0131005 Coconut young, kurumba 81,570 7,233 74,337 13,755 7,475 20,933 11,319 20,855 01 .1 .6 0131006 Coconut , Kaashi 115,232 20,521 94,712 21,969 20,309 17,613 19,037 15,783 01 .1 .6 0131007 mango , huiy, ripe 28,959 9,831 19,128 1,423 7,343 4,627 1,476 4,260 01 .1 .6 0131008 Pineapple, alanaasi 6,675 3,118 3,557 155 0 1,524 44 1,834 01 .1 .6 0131009 Gauva, feyru 12,057 638 11,419 7,680 472 1,760 901 606 01 .1 .6 0131099 Other Dates, figs, bananas, coconuts, brazil nuts, 29902990000299 01 .1 .6 0132001 lemon 46,399 16,887 29,512 7,076 7,079 5,591 3,825 5,941 01 .1 .6 0132002 Orange 38,777 13,541 25,236 3,226 7,424 3,525 3,313 7,748 01 .1 .6 0133099 Grapes, fresh 8,822 6,175 2,647 259 1,846 257 0 285 01 .1 .6 0134101 Water Melon, karaa 10,656 5,461 5,195 1,426 667 2,649 453 0 01 .1 .6 0134901 Apple 48,343 19,516 28,827 4,596 9,378 4,053 3,706 7,094 01 .1 .6 0134902 Bilamagu 694 13 681 224 29 51 235 142 01 .1 .6 0134904 Jambu 13001300001300 01 .1 .6 0134905 Kashikeyo, Srewpine 1,932 394 1,539 0 210 639 281 409 01 .1 .6 0134906 Kulhavah 198019852146000 01 .1 .6 0134909 Papaya, falho 33,879 2,651 31,229 6,154 4,623 5,886 6,680 7,884 01 .1 .6 0134910 Jumhooree meyva, passion fruit 13,195 1,428 11,767 4,719 899 2,087 2,967 1,095 01 .1 .6 0134912 Sabudheli 86086860000 01 .1 .6 0134913 Stone apple, kunnaaru 248 0 248 61 105 56 25 0 01 .1 .6 0134914 Atha 3,06403,0643,0640000 01 .1 .6 0134915 Kalhuhuthu Meyva 109 0 109 0 20 0 88 0 01 .1 .6 0134999 Other fruit, fresh n.e.c. 3102031070000107

Page 121 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .6 0135001 Raisins dried 4,130 934 3,197 132 73 34 55 2,902 01 .1 .6 0136001 Badhan, peanuts fresh or dried 220220000000 01 .1 .6 0136002 Kanamadhu fresh or dried 8,582 1,186 7,396 4,098 1,336 890 1,072 0 01 .1 .6 2132099 Vegetables provisionally preserved 68068006800 01 .1 .6 2139004 Fruit preserved in vinegar 36,123 9,409 26,713 6,496 5,911 3,700 2,855 7,751 01 .1 .6 2153002 Cashew nut, peanut, hazlenut roasted salted 7272000000 01 .1 .6 2153003 Dates, kadhuru 5,679 2,453 3,226 432 467 274 0 2,053 01 .1 .6 2154001 Pineapple, canned 8,907 3,622 5,285 1,143 2,311 618 160 1,053 01 .1 .6 2154002 Fruit cocktail, canned 7,884 2,986 4,898 1,042 123 1,173 796 1,764 01 .1 .6 2154099 Other Fruit and nuts provisionally preserved 1,2631571,106580525000 01 .1 .7 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vege 344,344 92,000 252,344 50,876 67,237 47,315 33,295 53,620 01 .1 .7 0121001 Potatoes 26,464 8,973 17,491 4,156 3,922 1,124 2,529 5,761 01 .1 .7 0122002 Dhal, red, yellow 16,052 5,521 10,532 3,319 1,820 441 2,062 2,889 01 .1 .7 0122099 Other Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled 144144000000 01 .1 .7 0123901 Bitter gourd, faaga 340 156 184 0 14 0 126 45 01 .1 .7 0123902 Banana bud, boashi 73073073000 01 .1 .7 0123903 Banbukeyo, bread fruit 63,963 3,735 60,229 7,282 23,520 23,342 2,998 3,087 01 .1 .7 0123904 Cabbage 6,392 2,627 3,765 636 878 492 441 1,317 01 .1 .7 0123905 Capsicum, riha mirus 237237000000 01 .1 .7 0123908 Chichanda, gourd 602135467000200267 01 .1 .7 0123910 Cucumber 6,029 3,380 2,648 556 235 721 218 918 01 .1 .7 0123911 Bashi, eggplant, brinjal 10,886 3,373 7,513 3,969 1,136 1,022 930 455 01 .1 .7 0123912 Githeyo mirus, green chilly 66,431 16,841 49,590 10,878 11,324 7,501 6,738 13,149 01 .1 .7 0123916 ku'lhafilaa faiy 358 291 68 39 0 28 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123917 Leeks 25516392920000 01 .1 .7 0123919 Lettuce 122122000000 01 .1 .7 0123921 Baraboa, pumpkin 11,486 1,883 9,603 1,642 2,637 959 1,053 3,313 01 .1 .7 0123922 Copy faiy, leaf vegetable 999 330 669 201 0 435 0 34 01 .1 .7 0123924 Gourd, thoraa 42217424700021434 01 .1 .7 0123925 Tomato 1,046 323 723 86 0 72 80 484 01 .1 .7 0123926 Fresh vegetables, mixed 31,261 13,316 17,945 1,644 5,958 1,473 7,377 1,494 01 .1 .7 0123927 Dhiguthiyara faiy 970971807900 01 .1 .7 0123928 Muranga faiy 661 117 544 242 52 85 165 0 01 .1 .7 0123999 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c. 580 287 293 106 0 56 130 0 01 .1 .7 0124001 Ala, olhu, taro 3,782 746 3,036 345 921 167 31 1,571 01 .1 .7 0124003 Kattala, sweet potato 26015245135109000 01 .1 .7 0124004 Beetroot 157 18 139 0 0 13 126 0 01 .1 .7 0124005 Carrot 10,742 4,378 6,364 1,025 2,002 1,211 435 1,691 01 .1 .7 0124006 Garlic 12,197 3,726 8,471 1,765 1,316 1,070 712 3,608 01 .1 .7 0124007 Ginger 5,223 1,627 3,596 1,218 570 624 331 854 01 .1 .7 0124008 Onion 57,270 14,140 43,130 10,641 9,046 5,728 5,610 12,105 01 .1 .7 0124009 Beans, tholhi 3,511 1,795 1,716 419 919 150 117 112 01 .1 .7 2139001 Baked beans canned 5,306 2,758 2,548 289 741 476 608 434

Page 122 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .7 2139002 Green peas canned 692 537 154 0 44 45 65 0 01 .1 .7 2139099 Other preserved vegetables (including dried vegeta 3021291731730000 01 .1 .8 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectio 175,577 40,943 134,634 32,811 32,677 17,561 22,630 28,954 01 .1 .8 2152099 Jams, fruit jellies and fruit or nut puree and pas 14,043 4,767 9,275 5,104 1,237 418 178 2,339 01 .1 .8 2297099 Ice cream and other edible ice 6793233560000356 01 .1 .8 2321003 Glucose 3232000000 01 .1 .8 2321004 Honey, maamui 573573000000 01 .1 .8 2352001 Sugar, normal 148,887 26,520 122,366 27,615 31,034 16,923 21,715 25,079 01 .1 .8 2365001 Chocolate 2,788 2,586 203 92 0 0 111 0 01 .1 .8 2366001 Chocolate crumpy 7,321 5,757 1,563 0 353 0 157 1,053 01 .1 .8 2367001 Bubble gum, chewing gum 174174000000 01 .1 .8 2367002 Jelly 1,081 210 871 0 52 220 470 128 01 .1 .9 Food products n.e.c. 184,259 73,987 110,272 22,934 23,468 19,078 13,479 31,312 01 .1 .9 0123909 Curry leaves, rambaa faiy 11,636 3,487 8,149 2,479 1,315 1,408 1,449 1,497 01 .1 .9 0123914 Curry leaves, Hikandhi faiy 23,432 5,876 17,556 3,569 4,226 3,248 2,740 3,773 01 .1 .9 0162001 Cardamon, kaafurutholhi 909 112 796 39 0 85 4 669 01 .1 .9 0162002 Chillie packed, dried/ powdered 20,935 4,712 16,223 3,867 3,393 2,516 2,178 4,270 01 .1 .9 0162004 Clove, karanfoo 37713324421924000 01 .1 .9 0162005 Coriander, kothanbir 2,398 184 2,214 275 900 486 197 356 01 .1 .9 0162006 Cumin seeds, dhiri 7,553 1,029 6,524 1,106 1,726 934 455 2,304 01 .1 .9 0162007 Dhaviggandhu, fennel seeds 1,749 236 1,514 370 506 190 162 285 01 .1 .9 0162008 Aseymirus, pepper 5,626 1,336 4,290 679 1,478 782 280 1,071 01 .1 .9 0162009 Reendhoo, turmeric 3,734 881 2,853 687 714 332 423 698 01 .1 .9 0162010 Curry powder, hawaadhu, mixed spices packed / tinn 28,786 11,604 17,183 4,637 2,888 1,706 2,148 5,804 01 .1 .9 1620001 Lonu fuh, fine, salt 19,042 4,589 14,452 3,619 3,366 1,755 1,663 4,048 01 .1 .9 2399299 Soups and broths and preparations thereof 2929000000 01 .1 .9 2399501 Sauces tomato/chillie/garlic and kind 8,963 5,302 3,661 875 826 285 286 1,390 01 .1 .9 2399502 Mustard sauce 101101000000 01 .1 .9 2399504 Lonu lumbo 1364294000940 01 .1 .9 2399901 Haluvidhaa 502 250 252 0 157 0 94 0 01 .1 .9 2399902 Chicken rings and kind 71663185000850 01 .1 .9 2399903 Addu bondi 657 60 596 0 0 483 113 0 01 .1 .9 2399904 Short eats, hedhikaa foni (sweet) 273 211 62 0 0 62 0 0 01 .1 .9 2399905 Short eats, hedhikaa kulhi (saltish) 5,314 2,777 2,537 0 367 1,856 0 314 01 .1 .9 2399906 Hedhikaa not specified 41,053 30,330 10,723 470 1,580 2,951 888 4,834 01 .1 .9 2399999 Other food products n.e.c. 339 76 263 43 0 0 220 0 01 .2 Non-alcoholic beverages 205,715 67,905 137,809 36,789 29,382 13,675 18,989 38,974 01 .2 .1 Coffee, tea and cocoa 83,060 25,289 57,771 11,478 15,686 5,841 8,769 15,997 01 .2 .1 2391199 Coffee 33,591 12,055 21,537 4,330 4,826 2,266 3,885 6,230 01 .2 .1 2391399 Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) a 49,381 13,147 36,234 7,148 10,861 3,575 4,884 9,767 01 .2 .1 2391499 Essence 8787000000 01 .2 .2 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 122,655 42,617 80,038 25,311 13,695 7,834 10,221 22,977

Page 123 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .2 .2 2140001 Fruit juices and vegetable juices 93,268 26,009 67,260 15,484 12,350 7,647 9,954 21,825 01 .2 .2 2140002 Toddy, coconut sap 21002100210000 01 .2 .2 2441001 Mineral water 16,684 14,400 2,285 196 1,068 28 266 726 01 .2 .2 2449001 soft drinks, bottle or canned 12,493 2,208 10,284 9,631 68 158 0 427 02 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 314,347 99,767 214,580 43,450 52,999 47,078 25,672 45,381 02 .2 Tobacco 218,773 75,012 143,760 19,895 34,321 34,419 17,248 37,878 02 .2 .1 Tobacco 218,773 75,012 143,760 19,895 34,321 34,419 17,248 37,878 02 .2 .1 2501001 Cigarettes 213,158 74,942 138,216 18,542 33,916 33,685 14,893 37,179 02 .2 .1 2501002 Bidi, traditional cigarette 1,770 12 1,758 328 193 247 431 559 02 .2 .1 2501003 Dhun faiy, tobacco leaves 3,845 58 3,787 1,025 212 487 1,923 140 02 .3 Narcotics 95,574 24,755 70,820 23,555 18,679 12,659 8,424 7,503 02 .3 .1 Narcotics 95,574 24,755 70,820 23,555 18,679 12,659 8,424 7,503 02 .3 .1 2502001 Aracanut, foah, fenfoah, hanaakuri foah, roa foah, 52,321 8,855 43,466 13,112 13,507 7,328 4,918 4,600 02 .3 .1 2502002 Supaaree packets, aracanut mixture, etc. 41,391 15,616 25,775 9,847 5,159 5,105 3,203 2,460 02 .3 .1 35250 Cocaine, heroin, morphine 1,862 283 1,579 596 12 226 303 442 03 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 549,827 223,476 326,351 63,920 58,342 51,387 43,709 108,993 03 .1 Clothing 461,422 190,119 271,302 53,658 48,248 44,270 35,608 89,518 03 .1 .1 Clothing materials 117,413 37,614 79,799 18,066 15,846 12,393 10,372 23,121 03 .1 .1 2633001 Wool, put up for retail sale 83083000830 03 .1 .1 26610 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85% or more by 117,158 37,614 79,543 18,023 15,846 12,263 10,289 23,121 03 .1 .1 26840 Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (o 43043430000 03 .1 .1 2799299 rubber thread and cord, textile covered; text 130 0 130 0 0 130 0 0 03 .1 .2 Garments 342,367 151,809 190,559 35,204 32,210 31,681 25,067 66,397 03 .1 .2 28200 Wearing apparel 26,360 9,639 16,720 4,263 2,081 1,929 1,795 6,652 03 .1 .2 28210 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hos 8,326 3,130 5,196 1,715 691 458 846 1,486 03 .1 .2 28221 Men's or boys' suits, coats, jackets, trousers, sh 1,429 246 1,184 99 79 0 0 1,006 03 .1 .2 2822499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, petticoats, pan 1093771660050 03 .1 .2 2822501 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or cro 619 517 102 0 0 102 0 0 03 .1 .2 28227 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted 62,915 21,289 41,627 7,908 6,096 5,433 3,775 18,415 03 .1 .2 2823101 uniform 71,444 30,394 41,050 7,408 7,974 7,619 6,905 11,144 03 .1 .2 2823201 Men's or boys' shirts, singlets, underpants, pyjam 76,575 40,864 35,711 6,891 7,508 6,528 7,365 7,419 03 .1 .2 2823301 Women's or girls' suits, coats, jackets, dresses, 33,818 16,997 16,821 1,993 939 2,401 1,615 9,873 03 .1 .2 2823499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, singlets, petti 13201321320000 03 .1 .2 28235 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, of text 52405240524000 03 .1 .2 2823701 Brassieres, girdles, corsets 15,768 7,651 8,117 1,576 1,579 993 804 3,165 03 .1 .2 28330 Artificial fur and articles thereof (except headge 46046004600 03 .1 .2 3219301 Garments of paper, etc. 44,304 21,046 23,258 3,152 4,739 6,173 1,957 7,236 03 .1 .3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessorie 1,409 465 945 387 192 197 169 0 03 .1 .3 2635001 Cotton sewing thread 681553053000 03 .1 .3 27912 Tulles and other net fabrics, except woven, knitte 23023002300 03 .1 .3 2823801 Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarves, veils, ties, crava 1,242 430 812 387 105 173 147 0

Page 124 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 03 .1 .3 3626002 Clothing accessories of rubber 61 5 56 0 34 0 23 0 03 .1 .3 4299701 Clasps, buckles, press-studs, etc. 1515000000 03 .1 .4 Repair and hire of clothing 232232000000 03 .1 .4 9713001 Other cleaning services for garments 232 232 0 0 0 0 0 0 03 .2 Footwear 88,405 33,357 55,049 10,262 10,094 7,116 8,101 19,475 03 .2 .1 Shoes and other footwear 88,405 33,357 55,049 10,262 10,094 7,116 8,101 19,475 03 .2 .1 2932099 Footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or 338 244 94 0 21 40 34 0 03 .2 .1 2933099 Footwear with uppers of leather, other than sports 33,902 13,913 19,989 3,625 3,252 2,625 2,667 7,819 03 .2 .1 2934099 Footwear with uppers of textile materials, other t 34,488 11,040 23,448 4,691 4,140 3,452 3,619 7,546 03 .2 .1 29420 Other sports footwear of CPC 29420 19,167 7,649 11,517 1,946 2,681 999 1,781 4,110 03 .2 .1 29520 Wooden footwear, miscellaneous special footwear an 510510000000 04 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 4,610,489 2,269,074 2,341,415 532,705 496,543 327,983 343,417 640,768 04 .1 Actual rentals for housing 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .1 .1 Actual rentals paid by tenants 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .1 .1 7211101 Actual rents for main residences 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .2 Imputed rentals for housing 2,949,186 1,209,828 1,739,358 426,957 364,614 239,780 268,367 439,640 04 .2 .1 Imputed rentals of owner-occupiers 2,949,186 1,209,828 1,739,358 426,957 364,614 239,780 268,367 439,640 04 .2 .1 7211103 Imputed rents for main residences 2,949,186 1,209,828 1,739,358 426,957 364,614 239,780 268,367 439,640 04 .3 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 172,345 32,651 139,693 24,097 25,870 10,311 11,323 68,092 04 .3 .1 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of 40,034 8,649 31,385 7,921 4,459 1,389 4,079 13,537 04 .3 .1 3141099 Plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood 45115130000087213 04 .3 .1 3511001 Paints, varnishes, etc. for household use 38,278 8,393 29,886 7,559 4,335 1,389 3,572 13,029 04 .3 .1 3623001 Rubber pipes and other such plumbing articles 42004200004200 04 .3 .1 3744001 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and 885 104 780 362 124 0 0 295 04 .3 .2 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of 132,311 24,003 108,308 16,176 21,411 8,921 7,244 54,555 04 .3 .2 5411101 Repair and maintenance of buildings - one and two- 128,897 22,942 105,955 16,176 21,411 6,568 7,244 54,555 04 .3 .2 54112 Repair and maintenance of buildings - multi-dwelli 1,0611,061000000 04 .3 .2 54611 Electrical wiring and fitting services 2,353 0 2,353 0 0 2,353 0 0 04 .4 Other services relating to the dwelling 151,233 144,533 6,700 997 3,694 863 0 1,146 04 .4 .1 Refuse collection 133,975 129,413 4,561 554 3,307 700 0 0 04 .4 .1 69210 Water, except steam and hot water, distribution se 133,975 129,413 4,561 554 3,307 700 0 0 04 .4 .2 Sewerage services 17,258 15,120 2,139 443 386 163 0 1,146 04 .4 .2 94211 Non-hazardous waste collection services 17,258 15,120 2,139 443 386 163 0 1,146 04 .5 Electricity, gas and other fuels 715,738 274,593 441,145 75,683 99,467 73,128 60,977 131,889 04 .5 .1 Electricity 548,660 211,829 336,831 59,870 75,671 57,484 45,851 97,956 04 .5 .1 69110 Electricity transmission and distribution services 548,660 211,829 336,831 59,870 75,671 57,484 45,851 97,956 04 .5 .2 Gas 90,352 49,140 41,212 3,920 8,056 8,008 6,500 14,727 04 .5 .2 69120 Gas distribution services through mains 90,352 49,140 41,212 3,920 8,056 8,008 6,500 14,727 04 .5 .3 Liquid fuels 76,668 13,625 63,043 11,892 15,740 7,636 8,569 19,206 04 .5 .3 3334001 Kerosene 76,668 13,625 63,043 11,892 15,740 7,636 8,569 19,206 04 .5 .4 Solid fuels 58 0 58 0 0 0 58 0 04 .5 .4 0313001 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggo 58058000580 05 FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINT 539,021 231,149 307,872 71,197 50,487 37,889 50,430 97,869

Page 125 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

05 .1 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets an 138,522 56,395 82,127 19,783 14,473 7,170 12,008 28,693 05 .1 .1 Furniture and furnishings 121,196 51,072 70,125 14,802 12,589 4,375 11,554 26,805 05 .1 .1 29130 Leather for ornamental purposes 70070070000 05 .1 .1 38112 Seats, primarily with wooden frames 1212000000 05 .1 .1 3811999 Other seats 2,246 562 1,684 230 531 156 346 421 05 .1 .1 3813099 Other wooden furniture, of a kind used in the kitc 5,410 4,734 676 0 0 43 633 0 05 .1 .1 3814099 Other furniture of the household type 85,103 38,789 46,314 8,397 8,232 2,541 6,490 20,654 05 .1 .1 3815099 Mattress supports; mattresses, fitted with springs 28,356 6,975 21,381 6,175 3,755 1,634 4,086 5,730 05 .1 .2 Carpets and other floor coverings 15,190 4,761 10,429 4,174 1,881 2,096 454 1,824 05 .1 .2 2714002 Sets of woven fabrics and yarn for making up into 314 15 299 30 118 59 14 79 05 .1 .2 27210 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted 40 18 22 0 0 22 0 0 05 .1 .2 3893099 linoleum floor cover, tharafaalu, etc. 14,836 4,728 10,108 4,144 1,763 2,015 440 1,745 05 .1 .3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverin 2,136 562 1,574 807 3 699 0 64 05 .1 .3 8724099 Furniture repair services 2,136 562 1,574 807 3 699 0 64 05 .2 Household textiles 19,732 10,379 9,353 1,860 1,983 1,085 1,831 2,594 05 .2 .1 Household textiles 19,732 10,379 9,353 1,860 1,983 1,085 1,831 2,594 05 .2 .1 27120 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen l 14,127 7,403 6,724 1,228 1,339 717 1,178 2,262 05 .2 .1 2713099 Curtains (including drapes) and interior blinds; c 5,605 2,976 2,629 632 644 368 653 333 05 .3 Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, was 126,745 56,297 70,448 12,087 13,884 10,348 16,146 17,983 05 .3 .1 Major household appliances whether electric or not 114,632 50,987 63,645 11,381 12,515 9,127 15,243 15,379 05 .3 .1 4391201 Household type air conditioning machines 4,4282,1742,25402,254000 05 .3 .1 44621 Ironing and pressing machines 1,068 601 467 102 88 109 117 50 05 .3 .1 4481101 Refrigerators, household type, electric or non-ele 24,796 10,236 14,560 1,743 2,102 2,282 4,454 3,979 05 .3 .1 4481103 Freezers, household type, electric or non-electric 41041000041 05 .3 .1 4481201 Dishwashing machines and clothes or linen washing 26,877 12,623 14,254 3,428 2,953 1,802 3,494 2,576 05 .3 .1 4481401 Household sewing machines 14,777 6,845 7,932 1,270 421 1,266 1,896 3,079 05 .3 .1 4481402 Knitting machines 1,467 0 1,467 0 503 0 241 723 05 .3 .1 4481501 Ventilators and extractor hoods 14,641 5,545 9,096 2,189 1,681 1,090 2,054 2,082 05 .3 .1 4481601 Vacuum cleaners ,floor polishers, kitchen waste di 4,409 1,454 2,956 903 759 189 439 666 05 .3 .1 4481701 Ovens, microwave ovens, cookers; water and space h 4,666 1,900 2,766 334 271 605 459 1,097 05 .3 .1 4482101 Non-electric cooking and heating apparatus 15,852 8,666 7,185 1,307 1,374 1,736 2,088 681 05 .3 .1 44822 Parts of vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, water h 60660000 05 .3 .1 4482201 Stove 1,419 758 660 99 109 47 0 405 05 .3 .1 44824 heaters, etc. 184184000000 05 .3 .2 Small electric household appliances 12,064 5,260 6,803 706 1,369 1,221 903 2,605 05 .3 .2 4481602 Food mixers, coffee makers, toasters, irons and th 11,125 4,771 6,355 706 1,369 1,058 855 2,367 05 .3 .2 4481703 Rice Cooker 938 489 449 0 0 163 48 238 05 .3 .3 Repair of household appliances 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 .3 .3 87159 Maintenance and repair services of machinery and e 5050000000 05 .4 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 7,401 3,200 4,201 1,013 770 808 724 886

Page 126 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .4 .1 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 7,401 3,200 4,201 1,013 770 808 724 886 05 .4 .1 3191201 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood 93700700 05 .4 .1 3722101 Tableware, kitchenware, etc. 1,185 743 443 144 103 52 91 52 05 .4 .1 42912 Table, kitchen or other household articles and par 1,264 604 660 252 38 7 104 259 05 .4 .1 42913 Knives (except for machines) and scissors, and bla 2,436 553 1,883 468 302 401 296 416 05 .4 .1 4291301 Table knives and kitchen knives 970975704000 05 .4 .1 4291601 Spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fis 2,409 1,297 1,112 92 327 301 233 159 05 .5 Tools and equipment for house and garden 13,439 7,243 6,195 1,867 429 1,139 556 2,205 05 .5 .1 Major tools and equipment 11,169 6,272 4,897 1,339 298 901 316 2,043 05 .5 .1 4322001 Water pumps for gardens 11,169 6,272 4,897 1,339 298 901 316 2,043 05 .5 .2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 2,270 972 1,298 527 131 238 240 162 05 .5 .2 3694002 Watering cans 1,099 433 665 213 49 125 184 94 05 .5 .2 4292102 Hand tools 493 221 273 40 82 27 56 68 05 .5 .2 4621201 Fuses, circuit breakers, switches, lamp holders, p 301301000000 05 .5 .2 4641099 Primary cells and primary batteries 641648480000 05 .5 .2 4993001 Wheel barrows and the like 313 0 313 226 0 87 0 0 05 .6 Goods and services for routine household maintenan 233,182 97,636 135,547 34,587 18,949 17,339 19,164 45,507 05 .6 .1 Non-durable household goods 217,502 85,741 131,761 34,587 18,949 13,553 19,164 45,507 05 .6 .1 24120 Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured, of any 10010010000 05 .6 .1 33330 White spirit 63,233 19,304 43,930 14,580 2,498 349 9,266 17,237 05 .6 .1 3462099 Insecticides, fungicides, disinfectants, etc. for 27,252 17,530 9,722 2,513 1,627 836 912 3,834 05 .6 .1 3532202 Detergents and washing preparations 88,981 35,842 53,140 13,098 10,408 8,473 6,236 14,925 05 .6 .1 3533101 Preparations for perfuming or deodorizing rooms 1,018 279 740 316 372 0 51 0 05 .6 .1 3633002 Plastic foil, sheets, etc. not adhesive 66000000 05 .6 .1 3891101 Tailor's chalks 28,118 8,495 19,623 3,620 3,210 3,466 2,259 7,067 05 .6 .1 3899302 Household brushes, mops, etc. 7,123 2,570 4,554 448 824 429 440 2,414 05 .6 .1 3899801 Matches 10100001 05 .6 .1 3899903 Candles 155111441400030 05 .6 .1 4299904 Hangers, aluminium knitting needles 1,6061,606000000 05 .6 .2 Domestic services and home care services 15,680 11,895 3,786 0 0 3,786 0 0 05 .6 .2 98000 Domestic services 15,680 11,895 3,786 0 0 3,786 0 0 06 HEALTH 665,147 250,512 414,634 36,952 99,327 86,734 76,543 115,078 06 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 133,682 33,390 100,292 20,284 18,259 11,710 18,179 31,860 06 .1 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 133,682 33,390 100,292 20,284 18,259 11,710 18,179 31,860 06 .1 .1 3526001 Medicaments for humans 118,096 28,354 89,742 17,930 14,430 11,471 15,625 30,285 06 .1 .1 35290 Other pharmaceutical products or articles for medi 9,876 2,151 7,725 2,352 3,828 238 0 1,307 06 .1 .1 3627006 Condoms and other hygienic articles 15015201111 06 .1 .1 4825301 Alcohol breath tests 2,55202,5520002,5520 06 .1 .1 4831201 Corrective eye-glasses 3,1422,8852580000258 06 .2 Out-patient services 449,332 161,320 288,012 15,538 80,706 71,594 51,541 68,633 06 .2 .1 Medical services 88,059 26,874 61,185 5,899 11,423 28,906 3,025 11,932

Page 127 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

06 .2 .1 9312102 General medical services 88,059 26,874 61,185 5,899 11,423 28,906 3,025 11,932 06 .2 .2 Dental services 23,272 22,211 1,060 467 0 474 90 30 06 .2 .2 93123 Dental services 23,272 22,211 1,060 467 0 474 90 30 06 .2 .3 Paramedical services 338,002 112,235 225,767 9,172 69,283 42,214 48,426 56,671 06 .2 .3 9312202 medical consulting 335,766 109,999 225,767 9,172 69,283 42,214 48,426 56,671 06 .2 .3 93191 Deliveries and related services, nursing services, 1,7491,749000000 06 .2 .3 9319999 Other human health services n.e.c. 487487000000 06 .3 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 06 .3 .1 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 06 .3 .1 9311099 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 07 TRANSPORT 528,063 264,301 263,763 61,539 47,824 33,962 38,174 82,264 07 .1 Purchase of vehicles 203,454 113,505 89,949 36,925 17,099 9,161 5,121 21,643 07 .1 .1 Motor cars 37,343 12,743 24,600 0 13,688 0 0 10,913 07 .1 .1 4911301 Motor cars 23,65612,74310,913000010,913 07 .1 .1 4911401 Pickup / Lorry 13,688013,688013,688000 07 .1 .2 Motor cycles 106,167 91,349 14,818 5,099 0 3,792 1,877 4,051 07 .1 .2 4991101 Cycle 106,167 91,349 14,818 5,099 0 3,792 1,877 4,051 07 .1 .3 Bicycles 27,069 9,327 17,743 6,168 2,103 1,014 2,981 5,477 07 .1 .3 49921 Bicycles and other cycles, not motorised 173173000000 07 .1 .3 4992101 Bicycle 26,572 9,154 17,418 6,168 2,103 689 2,981 5,477 07 .1 .3 4993002 Rickshaws 325 0 325 0 0 325 0 0 07 .1 .4 Boats of all kinds 32,875 86 32,788 25,658 1,309 4,355 263 1,204 07 .1 .4 4931401 Dhoani / Speed boat 32,875 86 32,788 25,658 1,309 4,355 263 1,204 07 .2 Operation of personal transport equipment 9,208 4,496 4,711 583 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .1 Spares parts and accessories 248 16 232 232 0 0 0 0 07 .2 .1 4299905 Bicycle bells 1616000000 07 .2 .1 4323001 Air pumps for vehicles 23202322320000 07 .2 .2 Fuels and lubricants 6,221 1,742 4,480 351 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .2 3331001 Petrol, motor gasolene 6,221 1,742 4,480 351 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .4 Other services in respect of personal transport eq 2,738 2,738 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 .2 .4 7211202 Permanent hire of garages or parking spaces for pu 2,7382,738000000 07 .3 Transports services 315,402 146,300 169,102 24,031 27,982 24,801 32,745 59,543 07 .3 .2 Passenger transport by road 73,865 38,428 35,437 2,365 1,486 2,300 8,183 21,103 07 .3 .2 6421102 Transportation by motor-bus and trolley-bus 4848000000 07 .3 .2 6422101 Taxi services 69,763 38,380 31,383 2,365 1,486 2,300 4,129 21,103 07 .3 .2 64223 Rental services of buses and coaches with operator 4,05404,0540004,0540 07 .3 .3 Passenger transport by air 139,432 81,392 58,040 1,987 7,668 11,545 10,037 26,804 07 .3 .3 66110 Scheduled air transport services of passengers 13,211 0 13,211 0 0 252 2,273 10,686 07 .3 .3 66110E Airfare - Education travel 10,907 8,374 2,533 0 1,520 0 272 740 07 .3 .3 66110H Airfare - Religious (Hajj) travel 14,362 11,653 2,708 0 0 2,708 0 0 07 .3 .3 66110L Airfare - Leisure travel 36,854 34,233 2,621 448 0 1,887 286 0

Page 128 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

07 .3 .3 66110M Airfare - Medical travel 63,403 26,436 36,967 1,539 6,148 6,697 7,205 15,378 07 .3 .3 66120 Non-scheduled air transport services of passengers 696696000000 07 .3 .4 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 102,105 26,480 75,625 19,679 18,828 10,957 14,525 11,636 07 .3 .4 6511101 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services 25,493 13,153 12,341 1,593 1,783 4,402 2,943 1,619 07 .3 .4 6511901 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport ser 76,611 13,327 63,284 18,086 17,045 6,555 11,582 10,017 08 COMMUNICATIONS 483,908 305,228 178,680 42,011 39,423 22,046 14,380 60,820 08 .1 Communications 2,800 1,381 1,419 570 242 46 490 72 08 .1 .1 Postal services 2,800 1,381 1,419 570 242 46 490 72 08 .1 .1 68111 Postal services related to letters 1,087 592 494 253 169 0 0 72 08 .1 .1 68112 Postal services related to parcels 1,714 789 925 316 72 46 490 0 08 .2 Telephone and telefax equipment 54,290 20,769 33,521 11,658 4,444 2,793 4,099 10,528 08 .2 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 54,290 20,769 33,521 11,658 4,444 2,793 4,099 10,528 08 .2 .1 4721101 Mobile phones 46,904 17,023 29,880 10,677 4,444 2,793 4,099 7,868 08 .2 .1 4722001 Telephones, telefax machines 7,3873,7463,6419810002,660 08 .3 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 426,817 283,078 143,739 29,783 34,738 19,208 9,791 50,220 08 .3 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 426,817 283,078 143,739 29,783 34,738 19,208 9,791 50,220 08 .3 .1 8411002 Wired telecommunications services 226,881 151,093 75,788 15,198 10,697 3,578 1,399 44,915 08 .3 .1 8412001 Telephone card - mobile 199,936 131,985 67,951 14,585 24,040 15,629 8,391 5,305 09 RECREATION AND CULTURE 523,096 247,162 275,934 65,845 48,409 43,221 40,400 78,058 09 .1 Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equ 245,118 138,166 106,951 30,491 23,770 17,780 15,159 19,752 09 .1 .1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reprodu 149,473 75,164 74,309 24,398 14,980 11,678 11,598 11,656 09 .1 .1 4722002 Building surveillance equipment 54,256 31,165 23,091 10,112 5,487 5,617 1,875 0 09 .1 .1 4722003 Fax machine 156156000000 09 .1 .1 4731101 Radio 6,345 1,936 4,408 811 1,382 404 901 909 09 .1 .1 4731301 Cable TV 28,527 19,501 9,027 1,010 1,238 1,313 610 4,856 09 .1 .1 4731302 Dish Antennae 3,960 1,968 1,992 879 0 0 549 564 09 .1 .1 4731304 Television receivers, whether or not combined with 4,6074,607000000 09 .1 .1 4732101 Compact Set 24,074 5,910 18,164 5,322 3,566 2,572 5,486 1,219 09 .1 .1 4732102 CD Player 1,833 344 1,488 311 0 114 422 641 09 .1 .1 4732301 Video cassette players and recorders 25,683 9,544 16,139 5,953 3,307 1,657 1,756 3,466 09 .1 .1 4733102 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers; hea 3333000000 09 .1 .2 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and opt 12,004 5,675 6,328 300 1,736 145 1,965 2,183 09 .1 .2 4832201 Camera 12,004 5,675 6,328 300 1,736 145 1,965 2,183 09 .1 .3 Data processing equipment 75,553 54,227 21,327 5,110 5,166 5,455 965 4,631 09 .1 .3 45130 Calculating machines including pocket calculators 113 0 113 0 0 113 0 0 09 .1 .3 4523001 Computer 74,665 53,995 20,670 5,110 4,885 5,342 965 4,369 09 .1 .3 4526001 Printer 28202820282000 09 .1 .3 4526003 Computer CD 116116000000 09 .1 .3 45270 Storage units 3781162620000262 09 .1 .4 Recording media for pictures and sound 8,087 3,100 4,987 683 1,888 502 631 1,283 09 .1 .4 4751001 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording or s 8,087 3,100 4,987 683 1,888 502 631 1,283

Page 129 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .2 Other major durables for recreation and culture, i 23,695 4,349 19,347 6,646 2,333 945 5,084 4,339 09 .2 .1 Other major durables for recreation and culture 4,231 0 4,231 3,890 0 3 338 0 09 .2 .1 2716002 Sails for boats 30300300 09 .2 .1 4311001 Outboard motors for boats 4,228 0 4,228 3,890 0 0 338 0 09 .2 .2 Repair of other major durables for recreation and 19,464 4,349 15,116 2,756 2,333 942 4,746 4,339 09 .2 .2 87149 Repair of pleasure boats, sports boats and private 19,464 4,349 15,116 2,756 2,333 942 4,746 4,339 09 .3 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens an 78,950 25,645 53,305 8,682 10,968 7,382 9,172 17,100 09 .3 .1 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camp 76,091 24,134 51,957 8,503 10,201 7,363 9,051 16,839 09 .3 .1 3260001 Albums 27,354 6,976 20,378 3,099 3,334 3,566 3,264 7,116 09 .3 .1 3856099 Other toys (including toy musical instruments) 23,809 6,745 17,064 2,576 3,783 2,024 1,537 7,145 09 .3 .1 3857001 Playing cards 33000000 09 .3 .1 3858001 Video games of a kind used 9,938 6,128 3,810 360 565 1,084 100 1,701 09 .3 .1 4752003 Game software for use in PCs and for playing conso 14,986 4,281 10,705 2,469 2,519 689 4,150 878 09 .3 .2 Gardens, plants and flowers 1,679 412 1,267 179 767 20 121 180 09 .3 .2 2718002 Sleeping bags 461 345 116 0 91 20 6 0 09 .3 .2 3844002 Other articles and equipment for sports or outdoor 8560856179676000 09 .3 .2 3892102 Whips, riding-crops and the like 252025200072180 09 .3 .2 4482103 Camping stoves 1106743000430 09 .3 .3 Pets and related products 1,060 1,060 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .3 .3 0151099 Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and 1,0601,060000000 09 .3 .4 Veterinary and other services for pets 121 40 81 0 0 0 0 81 09 .3 .4 23310 Pet food 4040000000 09 .3 .4 4481603 Hair clippers for animals 81081000081 09 .4 Recreational and cultural services 51,635 30,906 20,729 2,776 2,885 2,774 831 11,464 09 .4 .1 Sporting and recreational services 8,621 8,580 42 0 0 34 7 0 09 .4 .1 9652099 Sports and recreational sports facility operation 446446000000 09 .4 .1 9662099 Services of sports and games schools: services of 2,041 1,999 42 0 0 34 7 0 09 .4 .1 9723002 Services of fitness centres 6,1356,135000000 09 .4 .2 Cultural services 43,013 22,326 20,687 2,776 2,885 2,739 823 11,464 09 .4 .2 7322099 Leasing or rental services concerning video tape 10,552 6,489 4,064 760 481 826 82 1,914 09 .4 .2 83811 Portrait photography services 7,436 2,724 4,712 393 0 179 159 3,982 09 .4 .2 83820 Photography processing services 18,358 9,269 9,088 1,420 1,606 936 583 4,544 09 .4 .2 9615199 Motion picture projection services 6,667 3,844 2,823 203 797 798 0 1,024 09 .5 Newspapers, books and stationery 123,698 48,096 75,602 17,251 8,453 14,341 10,155 25,403 09 .5 .1 Books 109,204 40,327 68,878 15,778 7,035 13,647 9,709 22,708 09 .5 .1 3223099 Printed books (except dictionaries and encyclopaed 109,180 40,302 68,878 15,778 7,035 13,647 9,709 22,708 09 .5 .1 86921 Printing services and services related to printing 2525000000 09 .5 .2 Newspapers and periodicals 10,998 6,490 4,508 1,178 680 505 115 2,029 09 .5 .2 3230099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing at 5,546 3,864 1,682 549 0 39 72 1,022 09 .5 .2 3240099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing le 5,452 2,626 2,826 629 680 466 43 1,007 09 .5 .3 Miscellaneous printed matter 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .5 .3 32540 Printed pictures, designs and photographs 3030000000 09 .5 .4 Stationery and drawing materials 3,466 1,249 2,217 295 739 188 330 665 09 .5 .4 3212901 Other uncoated paper and paperboard; of a kind use 6057300300

Page 130 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .5 .4 3214201 Paper and paperboard, creped, crinkled, embossed o 1,029 621 408 83 72 36 17 199 09 .5 .4 3542004 Glues for stationery products 2,364 571 1,793 208 664 149 312 460 09 .5 .4 3692002 Stationery material of a width not exceeding 20 cm 1001003007 09 .5 .4 3891102 Pens, duplicating stylos, pencils, pen-holders, pe 40440000 10 EDUCATION 394,778 243,827 150,951 28,907 25,418 30,213 14,840 51,574 10 .1 Educational services 394,778 243,827 150,951 28,907 25,418 30,213 14,840 51,574 10 .1 .1 Pre-primary and primary education 128,191 50,037 78,153 18,837 12,652 19,215 5,867 21,582 10 .1 .1 92110 Pre-school education services 22,528 6,911 15,616 5,006 2,713 2,559 303 5,035 10 .1 .1 9219001 Other primary education services 105,663 43,126 62,537 13,831 9,938 16,656 5,564 16,547 10 .1 .2 Secondary education 95,497 62,372 33,125 4,357 8,469 7,286 3,732 9,281 10 .1 .2 9221001 General secondary education services 95,448 62,324 33,125 4,357 8,469 7,286 3,732 9,281 10 .1 .2 92230 Technical and vocational secondary education servi 4848000000 10 .1 .3 Tertiary education 34,658 21,139 13,519 446 242 804 1,065 10,963 10 .1 .3 92220 Higher secondary education services 20,587 9,792 10,795 0 242 147 1,065 9,341 10 .1 .3 92310 Post-secondary technical and vocational education 14,072 11,347 2,724 446 0 657 0 1,622 10 .1 .4 Education not definable by level 136,432 110,278 26,154 5,266 4,055 2,908 4,176 9,748 10 .1 .4 92900 Other education and training services 136,432 110,278 26,154 5,266 4,055 2,908 4,176 9,748 11 HOTELS, CAFS AND RESTAURANTS 170,545 126,439 44,106 2,914 4,493 32,066 565 4,069 11 .1 Catering services 73,986 60,295 13,691 183 0 9,089 350 4,069 11 .1 .1 Restaurants, caf‚s, take-aways and the like 73,986 60,295 13,691 183 0 9,089 350 4,069 11 .1 .1 6329001 Lunch packet 3,9923,992000000 11 .1 .1 6329002 Eating in hotel 30,635 19,759 10,876 0 0 9,089 350 1,437 11 .1 .1 6329003 Eating in restaurent 39,36036,5442,8151830002,632 11 .2 Accommodation services 96,559 66,144 30,415 2,730 4,493 22,977 215 0 11 .2 .1 Accommodation services 96,559 66,144 30,415 2,730 4,493 22,977 215 0 11 .2 .1 6319199 Holiday centre and holiday home services 70,500 66,100 4,400 968 0 3,217 215 0 11 .2 .1 63199 Other lodging services n.e.c. 26,059 44 26,015 1,762 4,493 19,760 0 0 12 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 561,819 251,650 310,169 75,810 50,878 44,309 40,006 99,166 12 .1 Personal care 496,314 205,689 290,626 63,668 50,878 42,503 34,999 98,578 12 .1 .1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establis 18,503 12,690 5,812 948 975 555 535 2,801 12 .1 .1 9721001 Hairdressing and barbers' services 16,834 11,039 5,794 948 975 544 527 2,801 12 .1 .1 9722099 Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring serv 1,669 1,651 18 0 0 11 7 0 12 .1 .2 Appliances, articles and products for personal car 15,085 5,797 9,288 2,387 1,920 924 977 3,080 12 .1 .2 8715102 Repair of personal care appliances 15,085 5,797 9,288 2,387 1,920 924 977 3,080 12 .1 .3 Personal care services n.e.c. 462,727 187,202 275,525 60,332 47,984 41,024 33,488 92,697 12 .1 .3 3219305 sanitary pads, etc. 31,426 14,400 17,027 4,285 2,342 2,530 1,629 6,242 12 .1 .3 3532101 Toilet soaps 34,846 12,560 22,286 6,123 3,655 3,510 2,648 6,350 12 .1 .3 3532301 roll on deodorant stick, etc. 5,326 2,001 3,325 2,051 181 259 77 757 12 .1 .3 3532302 calamine, lotion, etc. 68,730 23,559 45,171 9,806 8,116 7,320 5,790 14,137 12 .1 .3 3532303 body spray, etc. 10,950 5,063 5,887 1,365 1,395 858 683 1,586 12 .1 .3 3532304 baby eude cologne, etc. 24,530 9,398 15,132 2,783 2,489 1,644 1,499 6,717 12 .1 .3 3532305 gandu fuh dhalhu, face powder, etc. 21,445 6,014 15,432 3,446 2,020 2,383 2,830 4,754 12 .1 .3 3532306 facial cream, etc. 11,868 4,204 7,664 1,654 1,425 1,173 938 2,474

Page 131 Table 31.1 Total Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 12 .1 .3 3532309 vaseline hair cream, etc. 22,182 6,407 15,775 3,653 4,297 2,075 2,105 3,646 12 .1 .3 3532314 perfume, etc. 65,825 38,007 27,818 5,008 5,641 5,250 2,036 9,883 12 .1 .3 3532316 shampoo, etc. 54,342 18,598 35,745 7,576 6,592 5,213 4,472 11,892 12 .1 .3 3532318 close-up, tooth paste, etc. 28,704 11,492 17,213 3,749 2,616 2,481 2,410 5,956 12 .1 .3 3532320 lip stick, etc. 10,558 4,852 5,706 1,970 819 811 311 1,795 12 .1 .3 3532321 after shave, etc. 4,242 1,474 2,768 375 261 263 655 1,214 12 .1 .3 3532322 shaving foam, etc. 11,410 5,317 6,093 687 833 1,098 608 2,867 12 .1 .3 3532336 Cutex 459 150 309 28 0 56 30 195 12 .1 .3 3532337 Hair oil 2,786 1,153 1,632 175 274 382 301 501 12 .1 .3 3532338 Facial Wash 9,795 5,028 4,767 761 824 539 949 1,695 12 .1 .3 3532399 perfume and toilet preparations 18313745450000 12 .1 .3 3899305 Toothbrushes 18,269 6,519 11,750 2,466 1,621 1,366 1,690 4,607 12 .1 .3 3899306 Hairbrushes, etc. for personal care 403 234 168 30 29 43 64 3 12 .1 .3 3899403 Combs 13,831 6,620 7,211 932 749 823 1,315 3,392 12 .1 .3 4291402 Razors and razor blades (including razor blade bla 10,574 3,973 6,601 1,364 1,806 947 449 2,035 12 .1 .3 4291503 Hair clippers, nail files, etc. 4040000000 12 .2 Personal effects n.e.c. 15,692 4,341 11,351 10,855 0 437 31 28 12 .2 .2 Other personal effects 15,692 4,341 11,351 10,855 0 437 31 28 12 .2 .2 2922004 Luggage, handbags and the like, of leather, compos 388388000000 12 .2 .2 3693002 Bath tubs for children 512512000000 12 .2 .2 3719302 Ashtrays 358 209 149 53 0 45 24 28 12 .2 .2 3899402 Lighters, pipes, cigar and cigarette holders 80800080 12 .2 .2 4831203 Sun-glasses 1,2771,277000000 12 .2 .2 99999 Other personal effects 13,149 1,955 11,195 10,802 0 392 0 0 12 .3 Social protection services 2,327 493 1,834 609 0 143 522 560 12 .3 .1 Social protection services 2,327 493 1,834 609 0 143 522 560 12 .3 .1 3824002 Jewellery, except those acquired primarily as stor 1178533000033 12 .3 .1 3899701 Imitation jewellery 1,077 408 669 72 0 39 30 527 12 .3 .1 4841001 wrist watch, etc. 596 0 596 0 0 104 492 0 12 .3 .1 4842002 Household clocks 53705375370000 12 .4 Insurance 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .4 .4 Insurance connected with transport 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .4 .4 7133101 Motor vehicle insurance services 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .6 Other services n.e.c. 46,260 41,127 5,132 678 0 0 4,454 0 12 .6 .1 Other services n.e.c. 46,260 41,127 5,132 678 0 0 4,454 0 12 .6 .1 85940 Duplicating services 365365000000 12 .6 .1 9111101 Fees for administrative documents 9,2948,1031,1910001,1910 12 .6 .1 9332901 Marriage guidance services 36,601 32,659 3,941 678 0 0 3,263 0 13 INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY NPISH (13) 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 Religion 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 .1 Religion 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 .1 9591099 Religious services 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0

Page 132 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY HOUSEHOLDS ( 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 01 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 27.48 19.56 33.61 34.79 34.71 34.64 34.27 30.92 01 .1 Food 25.89 18.35 31.71 32.45 32.74 33.46 32.46 28.98 01 .1 .1 Bread and cereals 4.92 3.38 6.11 6.26 6.67 5.53 6.52 5.70 01 .1 .1 0112099 Maize (corn) 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.16 0.10 01 .1 .1 2311001 Aata flour, aata fuh 1.01 0.62 1.31 1.36 1.27 1.08 1.74 1.23 01 .1 .1 2312099 Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .1 2315001 Baby cereal foods, cerelac, nestum etc 0.11 0.21 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.08 01 .1 .1 2315002 Corn flakes 0.05 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.02 01 .1 .1 2315003 Bimbi, millet 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .1 2315099 Other cereal grain products (including corn flakes 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .1 2316001 Baiy, handoo 1.60 0.98 2.08 2.15 2.36 1.90 2.36 1.77 01 .1 .1 2342001 Biscuits 0.84 0.37 1.20 1.24 1.61 1.11 0.95 1.04 01 .1 .1 2342002 Apollo 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 01 .1 .1 2343001 Bread 0.36 0.55 0.21 0.04 0.23 0.18 0.08 0.41 01 .1 .1 2343002 Buns, round, long etc, hus banas 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.07 0.15 0.17 0.06 0.25 01 .1 .1 2343004 Faaroshi, hikki banas 0.31 0.11 0.46 0.55 0.65 0.34 0.54 0.28 01 .1 .1 2343005 Cake 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 01 .1 .1 2371001 Macaroni, spagetti uncooked 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.06 01 .1 .1 2371002 Noodles uncooked 0.37 0.19 0.50 0.73 0.32 0.61 0.50 0.39 01 .1 .1 2371099 Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .1 2372002 Noodles cooked 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .2 Meat 0.73 0.98 0.54 0.60 0.43 0.47 0.31 0.73 01 .1 .2 0212299 Poultry, live 0.15 0.06 0.22 0.33 0.19 0.03 0.24 0.27 01 .1 .2 2111201 Beef Frozen 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.02 01 .1 .2 2112201 Chicken and chicken products frozen 0.46 0.70 0.28 0.25 0.18 0.36 0.07 0.44 01 .1 .2 2112202 Sausage, chicken 0.08 0.17 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .3 Fish 4.28 3.23 5.09 6.02 4.91 6.77 5.35 3.38 01 .1 .3 0411099 Fish, live 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .3 0412001 Kalhubila mas, Skipjack tuna fresh or chilled 2.09 1.76 2.35 3.16 2.11 1.68 3.42 1.72 01 .1 .3 0412002 Mushimas fresh or chilled 0.07 0.02 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.28 0.13 0.03 01 .1 .3 0412003 Giulhu, hibaru, maniya,vella fresh or chilled 0.50 0.27 0.68 0.57 0.44 2.02 0.39 0.31 01 .1 .3 0412004 Boavadhila mas, cuttle fish fresh or chilled 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .3 2123001 Dried Fish, hikki mas 0.19 0.04 0.30 0.57 0.20 0.27 0.17 0.26 01 .1 .3 2123002 Smoked fish, valho mas 0.33 0.30 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.15 0.43 0.45 01 .1 .3 2123003 Mas packets sa;ted or dried 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.04 01 .1 .3 2124001 Canned fish 0.50 0.52 0.48 0.36 0.83 0.81 0.29 0.21 01 .1 .3 2124002 Fried fish 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .3 2124003 Fish paste, rihaakuru 0.55 0.24 0.79 0.90 0.92 1.54 0.47 0.35 01 .1 .3 2124099 Other Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved; cavia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .3 2125002 Cuttle fish, bovadhila mas, frozen 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 133 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .4 Milk, cheese and eggs 4.39 3.68 4.95 4.66 4.73 4.77 4.42 5.71 01 .1 .4 0292001 Eggs, chicken 0.61 0.45 0.74 0.68 0.78 0.64 0.48 0.95 01 .1 .4 0292002 Eggs, turtle 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2211001 Processed liquid milk 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2211003 Flavoured milk packed 0.36 0.56 0.21 0.12 0.58 0.12 0.06 0.15 01 .1 .4 2291001 Baby milk powder, enfalac, lactogen, SMA etc 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2291002 Baby food, milupa etc 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2291003 Coast milk powder, anchor, nido, etc 2.57 1.84 3.15 2.78 2.81 3.07 3.05 3.78 01 .1 .4 2291004 Horlicks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2291005 Milo in sold form 0.41 0.31 0.49 0.57 0.34 0.43 0.55 0.55 01 .1 .4 2292001 Condensed milk, geri kiru 0.29 0.27 0.29 0.34 0.22 0.44 0.26 0.25 01 .1 .4 2292099 Other Milk and cream, concentrated or containing a 0.07 0.12 0.03 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.01 01 .1 .4 2293099 Yoghurt and other fermented or acidified milk and 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .4 2295099 Cheddar, cheese 0.04 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 01 .1 .5 Oils and fats 1.03 0.74 1.26 0.96 1.53 1.05 1.37 1.37 01 .1 .5 2165001 Cooking oil 0.91 0.61 1.15 0.86 1.44 1.00 1.31 1.16 01 .1 .5 2165099 Soya-bean, ground-nut, olive, sunflower-seed, saff 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .5 2294099 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.20 01 .1 .6 Fruit 5.07 2.67 6.93 7.16 6.20 7.61 7.85 6.42 01 .1 .6 0131001 Banana, bothiraiy, fus, sampa 0.87 0.33 1.28 1.38 0.83 0.76 1.98 1.49 01 .1 .6 0131002 maalhoskeyo ripe, banana 0.14 0.05 0.20 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.20 0.44 01 .1 .6 0131005 Coconut young, kurumba 0.63 0.13 1.02 0.87 0.50 1.81 1.08 1.04 01 .1 .6 0131006 Coconut , Kaashi 0.89 0.37 1.30 1.40 1.36 1.52 1.82 0.79 01 .1 .6 0131007 mango , huiy, ripe 0.22 0.17 0.26 0.09 0.49 0.40 0.14 0.21 01 .1 .6 0131008 Pineapple, alanaasi 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.09 01 .1 .6 0131009 Gauva, feyru 0.09 0.01 0.16 0.49 0.03 0.15 0.09 0.03 01 .1 .6 0131099 Other Dates, figs, bananas, coconuts, brazil nuts, 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 01 .1 .6 0132001 lemon 0.36 0.30 0.41 0.45 0.47 0.48 0.37 0.30 01 .1 .6 0132002 Orange 0.30 0.24 0.35 0.21 0.50 0.30 0.32 0.39 01 .1 .6 0133099 Grapes, fresh 0.07 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.01 01 .1 .6 0134101 Water Melon, karaa 0.08 0.10 0.07 0.09 0.04 0.23 0.04 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134901 Apple 0.37 0.35 0.40 0.29 0.63 0.35 0.35 0.35 01 .1 .6 0134902 Bilamagu 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 01 .1 .6 0134904 Jambu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134905 Kashikeyo, Srewpine 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.02 01 .1 .6 0134906 Kulhavah 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134909 Papaya, falho 0.26 0.05 0.43 0.39 0.31 0.51 0.64 0.39 01 .1 .6 0134910 Jumhooree meyva, passion fruit 0.10 0.03 0.16 0.30 0.06 0.18 0.28 0.05 01 .1 .6 0134912 Sabudheli 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134913 Stone apple, kunnaaru 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134914 Atha 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134915 Kalhuhuthu Meyva 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .6 0134999 Other fruit, fresh n.e.c. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 01 .1 .6 0135001 Raisins dried 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.14 01 .1 .6 0136001 Badhan, peanuts fresh or dried 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 134 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .6 0136002 Kanamadhu fresh or dried 0.07 0.02 0.10 0.26 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.00 01 .1 .6 2132099 Vegetables provisionally preserved 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 2139004 Fruit preserved in vinegar 0.28 0.17 0.37 0.41 0.40 0.32 0.27 0.39 01 .1 .6 2153002 Cashew nut, peanut, hazlenut roasted salted 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .6 2153003 Dates, kadhuru 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.10 01 .1 .6 2154001 Pineapple, canned 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.05 0.02 0.05 01 .1 .6 2154002 Fruit cocktail, canned 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.10 0.08 0.09 01 .1 .6 2154099 Other Fruit and nuts provisionally preserved 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vege 2.67 1.64 3.47 3.24 4.51 4.08 3.18 2.68 01 .1 .7 0121001 Potatoes 0.21 0.16 0.24 0.26 0.26 0.10 0.24 0.29 01 .1 .7 0122002 Dhal, red, yellow 0.12 0.10 0.14 0.21 0.12 0.04 0.20 0.14 01 .1 .7 0122099 Other Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123901 Bitter gourd, faaga 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123902 Banana bud, boashi 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123903 Banbukeyo, bread fruit 0.50 0.07 0.83 0.46 1.58 2.01 0.29 0.15 01 .1 .7 0123904 Cabbage 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.07 01 .1 .7 0123905 Capsicum, riha mirus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123908 Chichanda, gourd 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 01 .1 .7 0123910 Cucumber 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.05 01 .1 .7 0123911 Bashi, eggplant, brinjal 0.08 0.06 0.10 0.25 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.02 01 .1 .7 0123912 Githeyo mirus, green chilly 0.52 0.30 0.68 0.69 0.76 0.65 0.64 0.66 01 .1 .7 0123916 ku'lhafilaa faiy 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123917 Leeks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123919 Lettuce 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123921 Baraboa, pumpkin 0.09 0.03 0.13 0.10 0.18 0.08 0.10 0.17 01 .1 .7 0123922 Copy faiy, leaf vegetable 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123924 Gourd, thoraa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123925 Tomato 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 01 .1 .7 0123926 Fresh vegetables, mixed 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.10 0.40 0.13 0.70 0.07 01 .1 .7 0123927 Dhiguthiyara faiy 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123928 Muranga faiy 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 01 .1 .7 0123999 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c. 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .7 0124001 Ala, olhu, taro 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.08 01 .1 .7 0124003 Kattala, sweet potato 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .7 0124004 Beetroot 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .7 0124005 Carrot 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.13 0.10 0.04 0.08 01 .1 .7 0124006 Garlic 0.09 0.07 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.18 01 .1 .7 0124007 Ginger 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 01 .1 .7 0124008 Onion 0.44 0.25 0.59 0.68 0.61 0.49 0.54 0.60 01 .1 .7 0124009 Beans, tholhi 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.01 01 .1 .7 2139001 Baked beans canned 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.02 01 .1 .7 2139002 Green peas canned 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00

Page 135 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .7 2139099 Other preserved vegetables (including dried vegeta 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .8 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectio 1.36 0.73 1.85 2.09 2.19 1.52 2.16 1.45 01 .1 .8 2152099 Jams, fruit jellies and fruit or nut puree and pas 0.11 0.08 0.13 0.32 0.08 0.04 0.02 0.12 01 .1 .8 2297099 Ice cream and other edible ice 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 01 .1 .8 2321003 Glucose 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .8 2321004 Honey, maamui 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .8 2352001 Sugar, normal 1.15 0.47 1.68 1.76 2.08 1.46 2.07 1.25 01 .1 .8 2365001 Chocolate 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .8 2366001 Chocolate crumpy 0.06 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.05 01 .1 .8 2367001 Bubble gum, chewing gum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .8 2367002 Jelly 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.01 01 .1 .9 Food products n.e.c. 1.43 1.32 1.52 1.46 1.57 1.65 1.29 1.56 01 .1 .9 0123909 Curry leaves, rambaa faiy 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.16 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.07 01 .1 .9 0123914 Curry leaves, Hikandhi faiy 0.18 0.10 0.24 0.23 0.28 0.28 0.26 0.19 01 .1 .9 0162001 Cardamon, kaafurutholhi 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 01 .1 .9 0162002 Chillie packed, dried/ powdered 0.16 0.08 0.22 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.21 01 .1 .9 0162004 Clove, karanfoo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .9 0162005 Coriander, kothanbir 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.02 01 .1 .9 0162006 Cumin seeds, dhiri 0.06 0.02 0.09 0.07 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.11 01 .1 .9 0162007 Dhaviggandhu, fennel seeds 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 01 .1 .9 0162008 Aseymirus, pepper 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.10 0.07 0.03 0.05 01 .1 .9 0162009 Reendhoo, turmeric 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.03 01 .1 .9 0162010 Curry powder, hawaadhu, mixed spices packed / tinn 0.22 0.21 0.24 0.29 0.19 0.15 0.21 0.29 01 .1 .9 1620001 Lonu fuh, fine, salt 0.15 0.08 0.20 0.23 0.23 0.15 0.16 0.20 01 .1 .9 2399299 Soups and broths and preparations thereof 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399501 Sauces tomato/chillie/garlic and kind 0.07 0.09 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.03 0.07 01 .1 .9 2399502 Mustard sauce 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399504 Lonu lumbo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399901 Haluvidhaa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399902 Chicken rings and kind 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399903 Addu bondi 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399904 Short eats, hedhikaa foni (sweet) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 01 .1 .9 2399905 Short eats, hedhikaa kulhi (saltish) 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.16 0.00 0.02 01 .1 .9 2399906 Hedhikaa not specified 0.32 0.54 0.15 0.03 0.11 0.25 0.08 0.24 01 .1 .9 2399999 Other food products n.e.c. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 01 .2 Non-alcoholic beverages 1.60 1.21 1.89 2.34 1.97 1.18 1.81 1.95 01 .2 .1 Coffee, tea and cocoa 0.64 0.45 0.79 0.73 1.05 0.50 0.84 0.80 01 .2 .1 2391199 Coffee 0.26 0.21 0.30 0.28 0.32 0.20 0.37 0.31 01 .2 .1 2391399 Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) a 0.38 0.23 0.50 0.45 0.73 0.31 0.47 0.49 01 .2 .1 2391499 Essence 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .2 .2 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 0.95 0.76 1.10 1.61 0.92 0.68 0.98 1.15

Page 136 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .2 .2 2140001 Fruit juices and vegetable juices 0.72 0.46 0.92 0.98 0.83 0.66 0.95 1.09 01 .2 .2 2140002 Toddy, coconut sap 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 01 .2 .2 2441001 Mineral water 0.13 0.26 0.03 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.03 0.04 01 .2 .2 2449001 soft drinks, bottle or canned 0.10 0.04 0.14 0.61 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 02 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 2.44 1.77 2.95 2.76 3.55 4.06 2.45 2.27 02 .2 Tobacco 1.70 1.33 1.98 1.27 2.30 2.97 1.65 1.89 02 .2 .1 Tobacco 1.70 1.33 1.98 1.27 2.30 2.97 1.65 1.89 02 .2 .1 2501001 Cigarettes 1.65 1.33 1.90 1.18 2.27 2.91 1.42 1.86 02 .2 .1 2501002 Bidi, traditional cigarette 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.03 02 .2 .1 2501003 Dhun faiy, tobacco leaves 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.18 0.01 02 .3 Narcotics 0.74 0.44 0.97 1.50 1.25 1.09 0.80 0.37 02 .3 .1 Narcotics 0.74 0.44 0.97 1.50 1.25 1.09 0.80 0.37 02 .3 .1 2502001 Aracanut, foah, fenfoah, hanaakuri foah, roa foah, 0.41 0.16 0.60 0.83 0.91 0.63 0.47 0.23 02 .3 .1 2502002 Supaaree packets, aracanut mixture, etc. 0.32 0.28 0.35 0.63 0.35 0.44 0.31 0.12 02 .3 .1 35250 Cocaine, heroin, morphine 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.02 03 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 4.26 3.98 4.49 4.07 3.91 4.43 4.17 5.44 03 .1 Clothing 3.58 3.38 3.73 3.41 3.23 3.82 3.40 4.47 03 .1 .1 Clothing materials 0.91 0.67 1.10 1.15 1.06 1.07 0.99 1.15 03 .1 .1 2633001 Wool, put up for retail sale 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 03 .1 .1 26610 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85% or more by 0.91 0.67 1.09 1.15 1.06 1.06 0.98 1.15 03 .1 .1 26840 Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (o 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .1 2799299 rubber thread and cord, textile covered; text 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 Garments 2.65 2.70 2.62 2.24 2.16 2.73 2.39 3.31 03 .1 .2 28200 Wearing apparel 0.20 0.17 0.23 0.27 0.14 0.17 0.17 0.33 03 .1 .2 28210 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hos 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.05 0.04 0.08 0.07 03 .1 .2 28221 Men's or boys' suits, coats, jackets, trousers, sh 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 03 .1 .2 2822499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, petticoats, pan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 2822501 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or cro 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 28227 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted 0.49 0.38 0.57 0.50 0.41 0.47 0.36 0.92 03 .1 .2 2823101 uniform 0.55 0.54 0.56 0.47 0.53 0.66 0.66 0.56 03 .1 .2 2823201 Men's or boys' shirts, singlets, underpants, pyjam 0.59 0.73 0.49 0.44 0.50 0.56 0.70 0.37 03 .1 .2 2823301 Women's or girls' suits, coats, jackets, dresses, 0.26 0.30 0.23 0.13 0.06 0.21 0.15 0.49 03 .1 .2 2823499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, singlets, petti 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 28235 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, of text 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 2823701 Brassieres, girdles, corsets 0.12 0.14 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.16 03 .1 .2 28330 Artificial fur and articles thereof (except headge 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .2 3219301 Garments of paper, etc. 0.34 0.37 0.32 0.20 0.32 0.53 0.19 0.36 03 .1 .3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessorie 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 03 .1 .3 2635001 Cotton sewing thread 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .3 27912 Tulles and other net fabrics, except woven, knitte 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .3 2823801 Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarves, veils, ties, crava 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00

Page 137 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 03 .1 .3 3626002 Clothing accessories of rubber 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .3 4299701 Clasps, buckles, press-studs, etc. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .4 Repair and hire of clothing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .1 .4 9713001 Other cleaning services for garments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .2 Footwear 0.69 0.59 0.76 0.65 0.68 0.61 0.77 0.97 03 .2 .1 Shoes and other footwear 0.69 0.59 0.76 0.65 0.68 0.61 0.77 0.97 03 .2 .1 2932099 Footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 03 .2 .1 2933099 Footwear with uppers of leather, other than sports 0.26 0.25 0.27 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.39 03 .2 .1 2934099 Footwear with uppers of textile materials, other t 0.27 0.20 0.32 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.35 0.38 03 .2 .1 29420 Other sports footwear of CPC 29420 0.15 0.14 0.16 0.12 0.18 0.09 0.17 0.21 03 .2 .1 29520 Wooden footwear, miscellaneous special footwear an 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 04 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 35.75 40.36 32.19 33.88 33.28 28.30 32.80 31.98 04 .1 Actual rentals for housing 4.82 10.81 0.20 0.32 0.19 0.34 0.26 0.00 04 .1 .1 Actual rentals paid by tenants 4.82 10.81 0.20 0.32 0.19 0.34 0.26 0.00 04 .1 .1 7211101 Actual rents for main residences 4.82 10.81 0.20 0.32 0.19 0.34 0.26 0.00 04 .2 Imputed rentals for housing 22.87 21.52 23.91 27.16 24.44 20.69 25.63 21.94 04 .2 .1 Imputed rentals of owner-occupiers 22.87 21.52 23.91 27.16 24.44 20.69 25.63 21.94 04 .2 .1 7211103 Imputed rents for main residences 22.87 21.52 23.91 27.16 24.44 20.69 25.63 21.94 04 .3 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 1.34 0.58 1.92 1.53 1.73 0.89 1.08 3.40 04 .3 .1 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of 0.31 0.15 0.43 0.50 0.30 0.12 0.39 0.68 04 .3 .1 3141099 Plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 04 .3 .1 3511001 Paints, varnishes, etc. for household use 0.30 0.15 0.41 0.48 0.29 0.12 0.34 0.65 04 .3 .1 3623001 Rubber pipes and other such plumbing articles 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 04 .3 .1 3744001 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 04 .3 .2 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of 1.03 0.43 1.49 1.03 1.43 0.77 0.69 2.72 04 .3 .2 5411101 Repair and maintenance of buildings - one and two- 1.00 0.41 1.46 1.03 1.43 0.57 0.69 2.72 04 .3 .2 54112 Repair and maintenance of buildings - multi-dwelli 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 04 .3 .2 54611 Electrical wiring and fitting services 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 04 .4 Other services relating to the dwelling 1.17 2.57 0.09 0.06 0.25 0.07 0.00 0.06 04 .4 .1 Refuse collection 1.04 2.30 0.06 0.04 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.00 04 .4 .1 69210 Water, except steam and hot water, distribution se 1.04 2.30 0.06 0.04 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.00 04 .4 .2 Sewerage services 0.13 0.27 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.06 04 .4 .2 94211 Non-hazardous waste collection services 0.13 0.27 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.06 04 .5 Electricity, gas and other fuels 5.55 4.88 6.06 4.81 6.67 6.31 5.82 6.58 04 .5 .1 Electricity 4.25 3.77 4.63 3.81 5.07 4.96 4.38 4.89 04 .5 .1 69110 Electricity transmission and distribution services 4.25 3.77 4.63 3.81 5.07 4.96 4.38 4.89 04 .5 .2 Gas 0.70 0.87 0.57 0.25 0.54 0.69 0.62 0.74 04 .5 .2 69120 Gas distribution services through mains 0.70 0.87 0.57 0.25 0.54 0.69 0.62 0.74 04 .5 .3 Liquid fuels 0.59 0.24 0.87 0.76 1.05 0.66 0.82 0.96 04 .5 .3 3334001 Kerosene 0.59 0.24 0.87 0.76 1.05 0.66 0.82 0.96 04 .5 .4 Solid fuels 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 04 .5 .4 0313001 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 05 FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINT 4.18 4.11 4.23 4.53 3.38 3.27 4.82 4.88

Page 138 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

05 .1 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets an 1.07 1.00 1.13 1.26 0.97 0.62 1.15 1.43 05 .1 .1 Furniture and furnishings 0.94 0.91 0.96 0.94 0.84 0.38 1.10 1.34 05 .1 .1 29130 Leather for ornamental purposes 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .1 .1 38112 Seats, primarily with wooden frames 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .1 .1 3811999 Other seats 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.02 05 .1 .1 3813099 Other wooden furniture, of a kind used in the kitc 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 05 .1 .1 3814099 Other furniture of the household type 0.66 0.69 0.64 0.53 0.55 0.22 0.62 1.03 05 .1 .1 3815099 Mattress supports; mattresses, fitted with springs 0.22 0.12 0.29 0.39 0.25 0.14 0.39 0.29 05 .1 .2 Carpets and other floor coverings 0.12 0.08 0.14 0.27 0.13 0.18 0.04 0.09 05 .1 .2 2714002 Sets of woven fabrics and yarn for making up into 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 05 .1 .2 27210 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .1 .2 3893099 linoleum floor cover, tharafaalu, etc. 0.12 0.08 0.14 0.26 0.12 0.17 0.04 0.09 05 .1 .3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverin 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 05 .1 .3 8724099 Furniture repair services 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 05 .2 Household textiles 0.15 0.18 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.09 0.17 0.13 05 .2 .1 Household textiles 0.15 0.18 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.09 0.17 0.13 05 .2 .1 27120 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen l 0.11 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.11 05 .2 .1 2713099 Curtains (including drapes) and interior blinds; c 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.02 05 .3 Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, was 0.98 1.00 0.97 0.77 0.93 0.89 1.54 0.90 05 .3 .1 Major household appliances whether electric or not 0.89 0.91 0.87 0.72 0.84 0.79 1.46 0.77 05 .3 .1 4391201 Household type air conditioning machines 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .3 .1 44621 Ironing and pressing machines 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 05 .3 .1 4481101 Refrigerators, household type, electric or non-ele 0.19 0.18 0.20 0.11 0.14 0.20 0.43 0.20 05 .3 .1 4481103 Freezers, household type, electric or non-electric 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .3 .1 4481201 Dishwashing machines and clothes or linen washing 0.21 0.22 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.16 0.33 0.13 05 .3 .1 4481401 Household sewing machines 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.08 0.03 0.11 0.18 0.15 05 .3 .1 4481402 Knitting machines 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.04 05 .3 .1 4481501 Ventilators and extractor hoods 0.11 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.09 0.20 0.10 05 .3 .1 4481601 Vacuum cleaners ,floor polishers, kitchen waste di 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.03 05 .3 .1 4481701 Ovens, microwave ovens, cookers; water and space h 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.05 05 .3 .1 4482101 Non-electric cooking and heating apparatus 0.12 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.09 0.15 0.20 0.03 05 .3 .1 44822 Parts of vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, water h 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .3 .1 4482201 Stove 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 05 .3 .1 44824 heaters, etc. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .3 .2 Small electric household appliances 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.04 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.13 05 .3 .2 4481602 Food mixers, coffee makers, toasters, irons and th 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.12 05 .3 .2 4481703 Rice Cooker 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 05 .3 .3 Repair of household appliances 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .3 .3 87159 Maintenance and repair services of machinery and e 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .4 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.04

Page 139 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .4 .1 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.04 05 .4 .1 3191201 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .4 .1 3722101 Tableware, kitchenware, etc. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 05 .4 .1 42912 Table, kitchen or other household articles and par 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 05 .4 .1 42913 Knives (except for machines) and scissors, and bla 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 05 .4 .1 4291301 Table knives and kitchen knives 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .4 .1 4291601 Spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fis 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 05 .5 Tools and equipment for house and garden 0.10 0.13 0.09 0.12 0.03 0.10 0.05 0.11 05 .5 .1 Major tools and equipment 0.09 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.10 05 .5 .1 4322001 Water pumps for gardens 0.09 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.10 05 .5 .2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 05 .5 .2 3694002 Watering cans 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 05 .5 .2 4292102 Hand tools 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 05 .5 .2 4621201 Fuses, circuit breakers, switches, lamp holders, p 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .5 .2 4641099 Primary cells and primary batteries 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .5 .2 4993001 Wheel barrows and the like 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 05 .6 Goods and services for routine household maintenan 1.81 1.74 1.86 2.20 1.27 1.50 1.83 2.27 05 .6 .1 Non-durable household goods 1.69 1.53 1.81 2.20 1.27 1.17 1.83 2.27 05 .6 .1 24120 Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured, of any 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .1 33330 White spirit 0.49 0.34 0.60 0.93 0.17 0.03 0.89 0.86 05 .6 .1 3462099 Insecticides, fungicides, disinfectants, etc. for 0.21 0.31 0.13 0.16 0.11 0.07 0.09 0.19 05 .6 .1 3532202 Detergents and washing preparations 0.69 0.64 0.73 0.83 0.70 0.73 0.60 0.74 05 .6 .1 3533101 Preparations for perfuming or deodorizing rooms 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .1 3633002 Plastic foil, sheets, etc. not adhesive 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .1 3891101 Tailor's chalks 0.22 0.15 0.27 0.23 0.22 0.30 0.22 0.35 05 .6 .1 3899302 Household brushes, mops, etc. 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.12 05 .6 .1 3899801 Matches 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .1 3899903 Candles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .1 4299904 Hangers, aluminium knitting needles 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .2 Domestic services and home care services 0.12 0.21 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.00 05 .6 .2 98000 Domestic services 0.12 0.21 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.00 06 HEALTH 5.16 4.46 5.70 2.35 6.66 7.48 7.31 5.74 06 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.04 0.59 1.38 1.29 1.22 1.01 1.74 1.59 06 .1 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.04 0.59 1.38 1.29 1.22 1.01 1.74 1.59 06 .1 .1 3526001 Medicaments for humans 0.92 0.50 1.23 1.14 0.97 0.99 1.49 1.51 06 .1 .1 35290 Other pharmaceutical products or articles for medi 0.08 0.04 0.11 0.15 0.26 0.02 0.00 0.07 06 .1 .1 3627006 Condoms and other hygienic articles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 06 .1 .1 4825301 Alcohol breath tests 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.00 06 .1 .1 4831201 Corrective eye-glasses 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 06 .2 Out-patient services 3.48 2.87 3.96 0.99 5.41 6.18 4.92 3.43 06 .2 .1 Medical services 0.68 0.48 0.84 0.38 0.77 2.49 0.29 0.60

Page 140 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

06 .2 .1 9312102 General medical services 0.68 0.48 0.84 0.38 0.77 2.49 0.29 0.60 06 .2 .2 Dental services 0.18 0.40 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 06 .2 .2 93123 Dental services 0.18 0.40 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 06 .2 .3 Paramedical services 2.62 2.00 3.10 0.58 4.64 3.64 4.63 2.83 06 .2 .3 9312202 medical consulting 2.60 1.96 3.10 0.58 4.64 3.64 4.63 2.83 06 .2 .3 93191 Deliveries and related services, nursing services, 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 06 .2 .3 9319999 Other human health services n.e.c. 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 06 .3 Hospital services 0.64 0.99 0.36 0.07 0.02 0.30 0.65 0.73 06 .3 .1 Hospital services 0.64 0.99 0.36 0.07 0.02 0.30 0.65 0.73 06 .3 .1 9311099 Hospital services 0.64 0.99 0.36 0.07 0.02 0.30 0.65 0.73 07 TRANSPORT 4.09 4.70 3.63 3.91 3.21 2.93 3.65 4.11 07 .1 Purchase of vehicles 1.58 2.02 1.24 2.35 1.15 0.79 0.49 1.08 07 .1 .1 Motor cars 0.29 0.23 0.34 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.54 07 .1 .1 4911301 Motor cars 0.18 0.23 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 07 .1 .1 4911401 Pickup / Lorry 0.11 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .1 .2 Motor cycles 0.82 1.62 0.20 0.32 0.00 0.33 0.18 0.20 07 .1 .2 4991101 Cycle 0.82 1.62 0.20 0.32 0.00 0.33 0.18 0.20 07 .1 .3 Bicycles 0.21 0.17 0.24 0.39 0.14 0.09 0.28 0.27 07 .1 .3 49921 Bicycles and other cycles, not motorised 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .1 .3 4992101 Bicycle 0.21 0.16 0.24 0.39 0.14 0.06 0.28 0.27 07 .1 .3 4993002 Rickshaws 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 07 .1 .4 Boats of all kinds 0.25 0.00 0.45 1.63 0.09 0.38 0.03 0.06 07 .1 .4 4931401 Dhoani / Speed boat 0.25 0.00 0.45 1.63 0.09 0.38 0.03 0.06 07 .2 Operation of personal transport equipment 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.18 0.00 0.03 0.05 07 .2 .1 Spares parts and accessories 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .2 .1 4299905 Bicycle bells 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .2 .1 4323001 Air pumps for vehicles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .2 .2 Fuels and lubricants 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.03 0.05 07 .2 .2 3331001 Petrol, motor gasolene 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.03 0.05 07 .2 .4 Other services in respect of personal transport eq 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .2 .4 7211202 Permanent hire of garages or parking spaces for pu 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .3 Transports services 2.45 2.60 2.32 1.53 1.88 2.14 3.13 2.97 07 .3 .2 Passenger transport by road 0.57 0.68 0.49 0.15 0.10 0.20 0.78 1.05 07 .3 .2 6421102 Transportation by motor-bus and trolley-bus 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .3 .2 6422101 Taxi services 0.54 0.68 0.43 0.15 0.10 0.20 0.39 1.05 07 .3 .2 64223 Rental services of buses and coaches with operator 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 07 .3 .3 Passenger transport by air 1.08 1.45 0.80 0.13 0.51 1.00 0.96 1.34 07 .3 .3 66110 Scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.10 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.22 0.53 07 .3 .3 66110E Airfare - Education travel 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.03 0.04 07 .3 .3 66110H Airfare - Religious (Hajj) travel 0.11 0.21 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.00 07 .3 .3 66110L Airfare - Leisure travel 0.29 0.61 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.16 0.03 0.00

Page 141 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

07 .3 .3 66110M Airfare - Medical travel 0.49 0.47 0.51 0.10 0.41 0.58 0.69 0.77 07 .3 .3 66120 Non-scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 07 .3 .4 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 0.79 0.47 1.04 1.25 1.26 0.95 1.39 0.58 07 .3 .4 6511101 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services 0.20 0.23 0.17 0.10 0.12 0.38 0.28 0.08 07 .3 .4 6511901 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport ser 0.59 0.24 0.87 1.15 1.14 0.57 1.11 0.50 08 COMMUNICATIONS 3.75 5.43 2.46 2.67 2.64 1.90 1.37 3.04 08 .1 Communications 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 08 .1 .1 Postal services 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 08 .1 .1 68111 Postal services related to letters 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 08 .1 .1 68112 Postal services related to parcels 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 08 .2 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.42 0.37 0.46 0.74 0.30 0.24 0.39 0.53 08 .2 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.42 0.37 0.46 0.74 0.30 0.24 0.39 0.53 08 .2 .1 4721101 Mobile phones 0.36 0.30 0.41 0.68 0.30 0.24 0.39 0.39 08 .2 .1 4722001 Telephones, telefax machines 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 08 .3 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 3.31 5.04 1.98 1.89 2.33 1.66 0.94 2.51 08 .3 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 3.31 5.04 1.98 1.89 2.33 1.66 0.94 2.51 08 .3 .1 8411002 Wired telecommunications services 1.76 2.69 1.04 0.97 0.72 0.31 0.13 2.24 08 .3 .1 8412001 Telephone card - mobile 1.55 2.35 0.93 0.93 1.61 1.35 0.80 0.26 09 RECREATION AND CULTURE 4.06 4.40 3.79 4.19 3.24 3.73 3.86 3.90 09 .1 Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equ 1.90 2.46 1.47 1.94 1.59 1.53 1.45 0.99 09 .1 .1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reprodu 1.16 1.34 1.02 1.55 1.00 1.01 1.11 0.58 09 .1 .1 4722002 Building surveillance equipment 0.42 0.55 0.32 0.64 0.37 0.48 0.18 0.00 09 .1 .1 4722003 Fax machine 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .1 4731101 Radio 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.09 0.05 09 .1 .1 4731301 Cable TV 0.22 0.35 0.12 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.06 0.24 09 .1 .1 4731302 Dish Antennae 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.03 09 .1 .1 4731304 Television receivers, whether or not combined with 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .1 4732101 Compact Set 0.19 0.11 0.25 0.34 0.24 0.22 0.52 0.06 09 .1 .1 4732102 CD Player 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.03 09 .1 .1 4732301 Video cassette players and recorders 0.20 0.17 0.22 0.38 0.22 0.14 0.17 0.17 09 .1 .1 4733102 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers; hea 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .2 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and opt 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.19 0.11 09 .1 .2 4832201 Camera 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.02 0.12 0.01 0.19 0.11 09 .1 .3 Data processing equipment 0.59 0.96 0.29 0.33 0.35 0.47 0.09 0.23 09 .1 .3 45130 Calculating machines including pocket calculators 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .3 4523001 Computer 0.58 0.96 0.28 0.33 0.33 0.46 0.09 0.22 09 .1 .3 4526001 Printer 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .3 4526003 Computer CD 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .1 .3 45270 Storage units 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 09 .1 .4 Recording media for pictures and sound 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.04 0.13 0.04 0.06 0.06 09 .1 .4 4751001 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording or s 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.04 0.13 0.04 0.06 0.06 09 .2 Other major durables for recreation and culture, i 0.18 0.08 0.27 0.42 0.16 0.08 0.49 0.22 09 .2 .1 Other major durables for recreation and culture 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 09 .2 .1 2716002 Sails for boats 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 142 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .2 .1 4311001 Outboard motors for boats 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 09 .2 .2 Repair of other major durables for recreation and 0.15 0.08 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.08 0.45 0.22 09 .2 .2 87149 Repair of pleasure boats, sports boats and private 0.15 0.08 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.08 0.45 0.22 09 .3 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens an 0.61 0.46 0.73 0.55 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.85 09 .3 .1 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camp 0.59 0.43 0.71 0.54 0.68 0.64 0.86 0.84 09 .3 .1 3260001 Albums 0.21 0.12 0.28 0.20 0.22 0.31 0.31 0.36 09 .3 .1 3856099 Other toys (including toy musical instruments) 0.18 0.12 0.23 0.16 0.25 0.17 0.15 0.36 09 .3 .1 3857001 Playing cards 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .1 3858001 Video games of a kind used 0.08 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.01 0.08 09 .3 .1 4752003 Game software for use in PCs and for playing conso 0.12 0.08 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.06 0.40 0.04 09 .3 .2 Gardens, plants and flowers 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.01 09 .3 .2 2718002 Sleeping bags 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .2 3844002 Other articles and equipment for sports or outdoor 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .2 3892102 Whips, riding-crops and the like 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 09 .3 .2 4482103 Camping stoves 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .3 Pets and related products 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .3 0151099 Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .4 Veterinary and other services for pets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .4 23310 Pet food 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .3 .4 4481603 Hair clippers for animals 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .4 Recreational and cultural services 0.40 0.55 0.28 0.18 0.19 0.24 0.08 0.57 09 .4 .1 Sporting and recreational services 0.07 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .4 .1 9652099 Sports and recreational sports facility operation 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .4 .1 9662099 Services of sports and games schools: services of 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .4 .1 9723002 Services of fitness centres 0.05 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .4 .2 Cultural services 0.33 0.40 0.28 0.18 0.19 0.24 0.08 0.57 09 .4 .2 7322099 Leasing or rental services concerning video tape 0.08 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.07 0.01 0.10 09 .4 .2 83811 Portrait photography services 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.20 09 .4 .2 83820 Photography processing services 0.14 0.16 0.12 0.09 0.11 0.08 0.06 0.23 09 .4 .2 9615199 Motion picture projection services 0.05 0.07 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.05 09 .5 Newspapers, books and stationery 0.96 0.86 1.04 1.10 0.57 1.24 0.97 1.27 09 .5 .1 Books 0.85 0.72 0.95 1.00 0.47 1.18 0.93 1.13 09 .5 .1 3223099 Printed books (except dictionaries and encyclopaed 0.85 0.72 0.95 1.00 0.47 1.18 0.93 1.13 09 .5 .1 86921 Printing services and services related to printing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .5 .2 Newspapers and periodicals 0.09 0.12 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.10 09 .5 .2 3230099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing at 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 09 .5 .2 3240099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing le 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.05 09 .5 .3 Miscellaneous printed matter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .5 .3 32540 Printed pictures, designs and photographs 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .5 .4 Stationery and drawing materials 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.03 09 .5 .4 3212901 Other uncoated paper and paperboard; of a kind use 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 09 .5 .4 3214201 Paper and paperboard, creped, crinkled, embossed o 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 09 .5 .4 3542004 Glues for stationery products 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.02 09 .5 .4 3692002 Stationery material of a width not exceeding 20 cm 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Page 143 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .5 .4 3891102 Pens, duplicating stylos, pencils, pen-holders, pe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 EDUCATION 3.06 4.34 2.08 1.84 1.70 2.61 1.42 2.57 10 .1 Educational services 3.06 4.34 2.08 1.84 1.70 2.61 1.42 2.57 10 .1 .1 Pre-primary and primary education 0.99 0.89 1.07 1.20 0.85 1.66 0.56 1.08 10 .1 .1 92110 Pre-school education services 0.17 0.12 0.21 0.32 0.18 0.22 0.03 0.25 10 .1 .1 9219001 Other primary education services 0.82 0.77 0.86 0.88 0.67 1.44 0.53 0.83 10 .1 .2 Secondary education 0.74 1.11 0.46 0.28 0.57 0.63 0.36 0.46 10 .1 .2 9221001 General secondary education services 0.74 1.11 0.46 0.28 0.57 0.63 0.36 0.46 10 .1 .2 92230 Technical and vocational secondary education servi 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 .1 .3 Tertiary education 0.27 0.38 0.19 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.55 10 .1 .3 92220 Higher secondary education services 0.16 0.17 0.15 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.10 0.47 10 .1 .3 92310 Post-secondary technical and vocational education 0.11 0.20 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.08 10 .1 .4 Education not definable by level 1.06 1.96 0.36 0.33 0.27 0.25 0.40 0.49 10 .1 .4 92900 Other education and training services 1.06 1.96 0.36 0.33 0.27 0.25 0.40 0.49 11 HOTELS, CAFS AND RESTAURANTS 1.32 2.25 0.61 0.19 0.30 2.77 0.05 0.20 11 .1 Catering services 0.57 1.07 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.78 0.03 0.20 11 .1 .1 Restaurants, caf‚s, take-aways and the like 0.57 1.07 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.78 0.03 0.20 11 .1 .1 6329001 Lunch packet 0.03 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 .1 .1 6329002 Eating in hotel 0.24 0.35 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.78 0.03 0.07 11 .1 .1 6329003 Eating in restaurent 0.31 0.65 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 11 .2 Accommodation services 0.75 1.18 0.42 0.17 0.30 1.98 0.02 0.00 11 .2 .1 Accommodation services 0.75 1.18 0.42 0.17 0.30 1.98 0.02 0.00 11 .2 .1 6319199 Holiday centre and holiday home services 0.55 1.18 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.28 0.02 0.00 11 .2 .1 63199 Other lodging services n.e.c. 0.20 0.00 0.36 0.11 0.30 1.70 0.00 0.00 12 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 4.36 4.48 4.26 4.82 3.41 3.82 3.82 4.95 12 .1 Personal care 3.85 3.66 4.00 4.05 3.41 3.67 3.34 4.92 12 .1 .1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establis 0.14 0.23 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.14 12 .1 .1 9721001 Hairdressing and barbers' services 0.13 0.20 0.08 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.14 12 .1 .1 9722099 Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring serv 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .1 .2 Appliances, articles and products for personal car 0.12 0.10 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.15 12 .1 .2 8715102 Repair of personal care appliances 0.12 0.10 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.15 12 .1 .3 Personal care services n.e.c. 3.59 3.33 3.79 3.84 3.22 3.54 3.20 4.63 12 .1 .3 3219305 sanitary pads, etc. 0.24 0.26 0.23 0.27 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.31 12 .1 .3 3532101 Toilet soaps 0.27 0.22 0.31 0.39 0.24 0.30 0.25 0.32 12 .1 .3 3532301 roll on deodorant stick, etc. 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 12 .1 .3 3532302 calamine, lotion, etc. 0.53 0.42 0.62 0.62 0.54 0.63 0.55 0.71 12 .1 .3 3532303 body spray, etc. 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.08 12 .1 .3 3532304 baby eude cologne, etc. 0.19 0.17 0.21 0.18 0.17 0.14 0.14 0.34 12 .1 .3 3532305 gandu fuh dhalhu, face powder, etc. 0.17 0.11 0.21 0.22 0.14 0.21 0.27 0.24 12 .1 .3 3532306 facial cream, etc. 0.09 0.07 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.12 12 .1 .3 3532309 vaseline hair cream, etc. 0.17 0.11 0.22 0.23 0.29 0.18 0.20 0.18 12 .1 .3 3532314 perfume, etc. 0.51 0.68 0.38 0.32 0.38 0.45 0.19 0.49 12 .1 .3 3532316 shampoo, etc. 0.42 0.33 0.49 0.48 0.44 0.45 0.43 0.59 12 .1 .3 3532318 close-up, tooth paste, etc. 0.22 0.20 0.24 0.24 0.18 0.21 0.23 0.30

Page 144 Table 31.2 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, within region COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 12 .1 .3 3532320 lip stick, etc. 0.08 0.09 0.08 0.13 0.05 0.07 0.03 0.09 12 .1 .3 3532321 after shave, etc. 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 12 .1 .3 3532322 shaving foam, etc. 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.14 12 .1 .3 3532336 Cutex 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 12 .1 .3 3532337 Hair oil 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 12 .1 .3 3532338 Facial Wash 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.09 0.08 12 .1 .3 3532399 perfume and toilet preparations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .1 .3 3899305 Toothbrushes 0.14 0.12 0.16 0.16 0.11 0.12 0.16 0.23 12 .1 .3 3899306 Hairbrushes, etc. for personal care 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 12 .1 .3 3899403 Combs 0.11 0.12 0.10 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.13 0.17 12 .1 .3 4291402 Razors and razor blades (including razor blade bla 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.10 12 .1 .3 4291503 Hair clippers, nail files, etc. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 Personal effects n.e.c. 0.12 0.08 0.16 0.69 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 Other personal effects 0.12 0.08 0.16 0.69 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 2922004 Luggage, handbags and the like, of leather, compos 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 3693002 Bath tubs for children 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 3719302 Ashtrays 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 3899402 Lighters, pipes, cigar and cigarette holders 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 4831203 Sun-glasses 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .2 .2 99999 Other personal effects 0.10 0.03 0.15 0.69 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 12 .3 Social protection services 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.03 12 .3 .1 Social protection services 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.03 12 .3 .1 3824002 Jewellery, except those acquired primarily as stor 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .3 .1 3899701 Imitation jewellery 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 12 .3 .1 4841001 wrist watch, etc. 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.00 12 .3 .1 4842002 Household clocks 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .4 Insurance 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 12 .4 .4 Insurance connected with transport 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 12 .4 .4 7133101 Motor vehicle insurance services 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 12 .6 Other services n.e.c. 0.36 0.73 0.07 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 12 .6 .1 Other services n.e.c. 0.36 0.73 0.07 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 12 .6 .1 85940 Duplicating services 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 .6 .1 9111101 Fees for administrative documents 0.07 0.14 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 12 .6 .1 9332901 Marriage guidance services 0.28 0.58 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.00 13 INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY NPISH (13) 0.08 0.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 13 .3 Religion 0.08 0.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 13 .3 .1 Religion 0.08 0.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 13 .3 .1 9591099 Religious services 0.08 0.17 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00

Page 145 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY HOUSEHOLDS ( 100.000 43.594 56.406 12.192 11.571 8.988 8.119 15.537 01 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 27.483 8.526 18.957 4.241 4.016 3.113 2.782 4.804 01 .1 Food 25.888 7.999 17.888 3.956 3.789 3.007 2.635 4.502 01 .1 .1 Bread and cereals 4.921 1.474 3.446 0.763 0.772 0.497 0.529 0.885 01 .1 .1 0112099 Maize (corn) 0.032 0.001 0.032 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.013 0.016 01 .1 .1 2311001 Aata flour, aata fuh 1.010 0.269 0.741 0.166 0.147 0.097 0.141 0.191 01 .1 .1 2312099 Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2315001 Baby cereal foods, cerelac, nestum etc 0.111 0.091 0.020 0.004 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.013 01 .1 .1 2315002 Corn flakes 0.052 0.043 0.010 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.004 0.003 01 .1 .1 2315003 Bimbi, millet 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2315099 Other cereal grain products (including corn flakes 0.006 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2316001 Baiy, handoo 1.598 0.425 1.172 0.262 0.273 0.171 0.192 0.275 01 .1 .1 2342001 Biscuits 0.838 0.162 0.676 0.151 0.186 0.099 0.077 0.162 01 .1 .1 2342002 Apollo 0.007 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.007 01 .1 .1 2343001 Bread 0.360 0.241 0.119 0.005 0.026 0.016 0.007 0.064 01 .1 .1 2343002 Buns, round, long etc, hus banas 0.148 0.063 0.085 0.008 0.018 0.015 0.005 0.039 01 .1 .1 2343004 Faaroshi, hikki banas 0.307 0.048 0.259 0.067 0.076 0.030 0.044 0.043 01 .1 .1 2343005 Cake 0.017 0.012 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.004 01 .1 .1 2371001 Macaroni, spagetti uncooked 0.064 0.028 0.036 0.011 0.001 0.012 0.003 0.009 01 .1 .1 2371002 Noodles uncooked 0.367 0.085 0.282 0.089 0.037 0.054 0.041 0.061 01 .1 .1 2371099 Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2372002 Noodles cooked 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .2 Meat 0.730 0.426 0.305 0.074 0.050 0.042 0.025 0.114 01 .1 .2 0212299 Poultry, live 0.151 0.025 0.126 0.040 0.022 0.003 0.020 0.042 01 .1 .2 2111201 Beef Frozen 0.037 0.024 0.013 0.000 0.007 0.004 0.000 0.003 01 .1 .2 2112201 Chicken and chicken products frozen 0.461 0.304 0.157 0.030 0.021 0.032 0.005 0.069 01 .1 .2 2112202 Sausage, chicken 0.080 0.072 0.008 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 Fish 4.277 1.406 2.871 0.734 0.569 0.609 0.435 0.525 01 .1 .3 0411099 Fish, live 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 0412001 Kalhubila mas, Skipjack tuna fresh or chilled 2.095 0.769 1.325 0.385 0.244 0.151 0.278 0.268 01 .1 .3 0412002 Mushimas fresh or chilled 0.070 0.009 0.061 0.013 0.008 0.025 0.011 0.004 01 .1 .3 0412003 Giulhu, hibaru, maniya,vella fresh or chilled 0.498 0.117 0.381 0.070 0.050 0.181 0.032 0.048 01 .1 .3 0412004 Boavadhila mas, cuttle fish fresh or chilled 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2123001 Dried Fish, hikki mas 0.191 0.019 0.172 0.070 0.023 0.024 0.013 0.041 01 .1 .3 2123002 Smoked fish, valho mas 0.332 0.131 0.201 0.043 0.040 0.013 0.035 0.070 01 .1 .3 2123003 Mas packets sa;ted or dried 0.040 0.028 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.007 01 .1 .3 2124001 Canned fish 0.497 0.226 0.271 0.044 0.097 0.073 0.024 0.033 01 .1 .3 2124002 Fried fish 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2124003 Fish paste, rihaakuru 0.550 0.103 0.447 0.109 0.106 0.139 0.038 0.054 01 .1 .3 2124099 Other Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved; cavia 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2125002 Cuttle fish, bovadhila mas, frozen 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 146 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .4 Milk, cheese and eggs 4.393 1.603 2.790 0.569 0.547 0.429 0.359 0.886 01 .1 .4 0292001 Eggs, chicken 0.612 0.194 0.418 0.083 0.091 0.058 0.039 0.147 01 .1 .4 0292002 Eggs, turtle 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2211001 Processed liquid milk 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2211003 Flavoured milk packed 0.364 0.245 0.120 0.014 0.067 0.011 0.005 0.023 01 .1 .4 2291001 Baby milk powder, enfalac, lactogen, SMA etc 0.016 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291002 Baby food, milupa etc 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291003 Coast milk powder, anchor, nido, etc 2.575 0.800 1.775 0.339 0.325 0.276 0.248 0.588 01 .1 .4 2291004 Horlicks 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291005 Milo in sold form 0.414 0.137 0.278 0.070 0.039 0.038 0.044 0.085 01 .1 .4 2292001 Condensed milk, geri kiru 0.286 0.120 0.166 0.041 0.025 0.039 0.021 0.040 01 .1 .4 2292099 Other Milk and cream, concentrated or containing a 0.072 0.053 0.018 0.010 0.000 0.005 0.002 0.001 01 .1 .4 2293099 Yoghurt and other fermented or acidified milk and 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2295099 Cheddar, cheese 0.044 0.038 0.006 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.003 01 .1 .5 Oils and fats 1.033 0.322 0.712 0.117 0.177 0.095 0.112 0.212 01 .1 .5 2165001 Cooking oil 0.914 0.266 0.648 0.105 0.166 0.089 0.106 0.180 01 .1 .5 2165099 Soya-bean, ground-nut, olive, sunflower-seed, saff 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .5 2294099 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk 0.118 0.056 0.062 0.009 0.011 0.005 0.005 0.032 01 .1 .6 Fruit 5.073 1.163 3.909 0.873 0.718 0.684 0.638 0.997 01 .1 .6 0131001 Banana, bothiraiy, fus, sampa 0.868 0.144 0.724 0.168 0.096 0.068 0.161 0.232 01 .1 .6 0131002 maalhoskeyo ripe, banana 0.137 0.022 0.115 0.009 0.011 0.011 0.016 0.068 01 .1 .6 0131005 Coconut young, kurumba 0.633 0.056 0.576 0.107 0.058 0.162 0.088 0.162 01 .1 .6 0131006 Coconut , Kaashi 0.894 0.159 0.734 0.170 0.157 0.137 0.148 0.122 01 .1 .6 0131007 mango , huiy, ripe 0.225 0.076 0.148 0.011 0.057 0.036 0.011 0.033 01 .1 .6 0131008 Pineapple, alanaasi 0.052 0.024 0.028 0.001 0.000 0.012 0.000 0.014 01 .1 .6 0131009 Gauva, feyru 0.094 0.005 0.089 0.060 0.004 0.014 0.007 0.005 01 .1 .6 0131099 Other Dates, figs, bananas, coconuts, brazil nuts, 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 01 .1 .6 0132001 lemon 0.360 0.131 0.229 0.055 0.055 0.043 0.030 0.046 01 .1 .6 0132002 Orange 0.301 0.105 0.196 0.025 0.058 0.027 0.026 0.060 01 .1 .6 0133099 Grapes, fresh 0.068 0.048 0.021 0.002 0.014 0.002 0.000 0.002 01 .1 .6 0134101 Water Melon, karaa 0.083 0.042 0.040 0.011 0.005 0.021 0.004 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134901 Apple 0.375 0.151 0.224 0.036 0.073 0.031 0.029 0.055 01 .1 .6 0134902 Bilamagu 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.001 01 .1 .6 0134904 Jambu 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134905 Kashikeyo, Srewpine 0.015 0.003 0.012 0.000 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.003 01 .1 .6 0134906 Kulhavah 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134909 Papaya, falho 0.263 0.021 0.242 0.048 0.036 0.046 0.052 0.061 01 .1 .6 0134910 Jumhooree meyva, passion fruit 0.102 0.011 0.091 0.037 0.007 0.016 0.023 0.008 01 .1 .6 0134912 Sabudheli 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134913 Stone apple, kunnaaru 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134914 Atha 0.024 0.000 0.024 0.024 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134915 Kalhuhuthu Meyva 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134999 Other fruit, fresh n.e.c. 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001

Page 147 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .6 0135001 Raisins dried 0.032 0.007 0.025 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.023 01 .1 .6 0136001 Badhan, peanuts fresh or dried 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0136002 Kanamadhu fresh or dried 0.067 0.009 0.057 0.032 0.010 0.007 0.008 0.000 01 .1 .6 2132099 Vegetables provisionally preserved 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 2139004 Fruit preserved in vinegar 0.280 0.073 0.207 0.050 0.046 0.029 0.022 0.060 01 .1 .6 2153002 Cashew nut, peanut, hazlenut roasted salted 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 2153003 Dates, kadhuru 0.044 0.019 0.025 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.016 01 .1 .6 2154001 Pineapple, canned 0.069 0.028 0.041 0.009 0.018 0.005 0.001 0.008 01 .1 .6 2154002 Fruit cocktail, canned 0.061 0.023 0.038 0.008 0.001 0.009 0.006 0.014 01 .1 .6 2154099 Other Fruit and nuts provisionally preserved 0.010 0.001 0.009 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vege 2.670 0.713 1.957 0.395 0.521 0.367 0.258 0.416 01 .1 .7 0121001 Potatoes 0.205 0.070 0.136 0.032 0.030 0.009 0.020 0.045 01 .1 .7 0122002 Dhal, red, yellow 0.124 0.043 0.082 0.026 0.014 0.003 0.016 0.022 01 .1 .7 0122099 Other Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123901 Bitter gourd, faaga 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123902 Banana bud, boashi 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123903 Banbukeyo, bread fruit 0.496 0.029 0.467 0.056 0.182 0.181 0.023 0.024 01 .1 .7 0123904 Cabbage 0.050 0.020 0.029 0.005 0.007 0.004 0.003 0.010 01 .1 .7 0123905 Capsicum, riha mirus 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123908 Chichanda, gourd 0.005 0.001 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 01 .1 .7 0123910 Cucumber 0.047 0.026 0.021 0.004 0.002 0.006 0.002 0.007 01 .1 .7 0123911 Bashi, eggplant, brinjal 0.084 0.026 0.058 0.031 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.004 01 .1 .7 0123912 Githeyo mirus, green chilly 0.515 0.131 0.385 0.084 0.088 0.058 0.052 0.102 01 .1 .7 0123916 ku'lhafilaa faiy 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123917 Leeks 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123919 Lettuce 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123921 Baraboa, pumpkin 0.089 0.015 0.074 0.013 0.020 0.007 0.008 0.026 01 .1 .7 0123922 Copy faiy, leaf vegetable 0.008 0.003 0.005 0.002 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123924 Gourd, thoraa 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123925 Tomato 0.008 0.003 0.006 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.004 01 .1 .7 0123926 Fresh vegetables, mixed 0.242 0.103 0.139 0.013 0.046 0.011 0.057 0.012 01 .1 .7 0123927 Dhiguthiyara faiy 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123928 Muranga faiy 0.005 0.001 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123999 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c. 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124001 Ala, olhu, taro 0.029 0.006 0.024 0.003 0.007 0.001 0.000 0.012 01 .1 .7 0124003 Kattala, sweet potato 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124004 Beetroot 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124005 Carrot 0.083 0.034 0.049 0.008 0.016 0.009 0.003 0.013 01 .1 .7 0124006 Garlic 0.095 0.029 0.066 0.014 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.028 01 .1 .7 0124007 Ginger 0.041 0.013 0.028 0.009 0.004 0.005 0.003 0.007 01 .1 .7 0124008 Onion 0.444 0.110 0.334 0.083 0.070 0.044 0.044 0.094 01 .1 .7 0124009 Beans, tholhi 0.027 0.014 0.013 0.003 0.007 0.001 0.001 0.001 01 .1 .7 2139001 Baked beans canned 0.041 0.021 0.020 0.002 0.006 0.004 0.005 0.003

Page 148 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .7 2139002 Green peas canned 0.005 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 2139099 Other preserved vegetables (including dried vegeta 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectio 1.362 0.318 1.044 0.254 0.253 0.136 0.175 0.225 01 .1 .8 2152099 Jams, fruit jellies and fruit or nut puree and pas 0.109 0.037 0.072 0.040 0.010 0.003 0.001 0.018 01 .1 .8 2297099 Ice cream and other edible ice 0.005 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 01 .1 .8 2321003 Glucose 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2321004 Honey, maamui 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2352001 Sugar, normal 1.155 0.206 0.949 0.214 0.241 0.131 0.168 0.194 01 .1 .8 2365001 Chocolate 0.022 0.020 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .8 2366001 Chocolate crumpy 0.057 0.045 0.012 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.001 0.008 01 .1 .8 2367001 Bubble gum, chewing gum 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2367002 Jelly 0.008 0.002 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.001 01 .1 .9 Food products n.e.c. 1.429 0.574 0.855 0.178 0.182 0.148 0.105 0.243 01 .1 .9 0123909 Curry leaves, rambaa faiy 0.090 0.027 0.063 0.019 0.010 0.011 0.011 0.012 01 .1 .9 0123914 Curry leaves, Hikandhi faiy 0.182 0.046 0.136 0.028 0.033 0.025 0.021 0.029 01 .1 .9 0162001 Cardamon, kaafurutholhi 0.007 0.001 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.005 01 .1 .9 0162002 Chillie packed, dried/ powdered 0.162 0.037 0.126 0.030 0.026 0.020 0.017 0.033 01 .1 .9 0162004 Clove, karanfoo 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 0162005 Coriander, kothanbir 0.019 0.001 0.017 0.002 0.007 0.004 0.002 0.003 01 .1 .9 0162006 Cumin seeds, dhiri 0.059 0.008 0.051 0.009 0.013 0.007 0.004 0.018 01 .1 .9 0162007 Dhaviggandhu, fennel seeds 0.014 0.002 0.012 0.003 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.002 01 .1 .9 0162008 Aseymirus, pepper 0.044 0.010 0.033 0.005 0.011 0.006 0.002 0.008 01 .1 .9 0162009 Reendhoo, turmeric 0.029 0.007 0.022 0.005 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.005 01 .1 .9 0162010 Curry powder, hawaadhu, mixed spices packed / tinn 0.223 0.090 0.133 0.036 0.022 0.013 0.017 0.045 01 .1 .9 1620001 Lonu fuh, fine, salt 0.148 0.036 0.112 0.028 0.026 0.014 0.013 0.031 01 .1 .9 2399299 Soups and broths and preparations thereof 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399501 Sauces tomato/chillie/garlic and kind 0.070 0.041 0.028 0.007 0.006 0.002 0.002 0.011 01 .1 .9 2399502 Mustard sauce 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399504 Lonu lumbo 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399901 Haluvidhaa 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399902 Chicken rings and kind 0.006 0.005 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399903 Addu bondi 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399904 Short eats, hedhikaa foni (sweet) 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399905 Short eats, hedhikaa kulhi (saltish) 0.041 0.022 0.020 0.000 0.003 0.014 0.000 0.002 01 .1 .9 2399906 Hedhikaa not specified 0.318 0.235 0.083 0.004 0.012 0.023 0.007 0.037 01 .1 .9 2399999 Other food products n.e.c. 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 01 .2 Non-alcoholic beverages 1.595 0.527 1.069 0.285 0.228 0.106 0.147 0.302 01 .2 .1 Coffee, tea and cocoa 0.644 0.196 0.448 0.089 0.122 0.045 0.068 0.124 01 .2 .1 2391199 Coffee 0.260 0.093 0.167 0.034 0.037 0.018 0.030 0.048 01 .2 .1 2391399 Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) a 0.383 0.102 0.281 0.055 0.084 0.028 0.038 0.076 01 .2 .1 2391499 Essence 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 149 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .2 .2 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 0.951 0.330 0.621 0.196 0.106 0.061 0.079 0.178 01 .2 .2 2140001 Fruit juices and vegetable juices 0.723 0.202 0.522 0.120 0.096 0.059 0.077 0.169 01 .2 .2 2140002 Toddy, coconut sap 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .2 .2 2441001 Mineral water 0.129 0.112 0.018 0.002 0.008 0.000 0.002 0.006 01 .2 .2 2449001 soft drinks, bottle or canned 0.097 0.017 0.080 0.075 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.003 02 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 2.438 0.774 1.664 0.337 0.411 0.365 0.199 0.352 02 .2 Tobacco 1.697 0.582 1.115 0.154 0.266 0.267 0.134 0.294 02 .2 .1 Tobacco 1.697 0.582 1.115 0.154 0.266 0.267 0.134 0.294 02 .2 .1 2501001 Cigarettes 1.653 0.581 1.072 0.144 0.263 0.261 0.115 0.288 02 .2 .1 2501002 Bidi, traditional cigarette 0.014 0.000 0.014 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 02 .2 .1 2501003 Dhun faiy, tobacco leaves 0.030 0.000 0.029 0.008 0.002 0.004 0.015 0.001 02 .3 Narcotics 0.741 0.192 0.549 0.183 0.145 0.098 0.065 0.058 02 .3 .1 Narcotics 0.741 0.192 0.549 0.183 0.145 0.098 0.065 0.058 02 .3 .1 2502001 Aracanut, foah, fenfoah, hanaakuri foah, roa foah, 0.406 0.069 0.337 0.102 0.105 0.057 0.038 0.036 02 .3 .1 2502002 Supaaree packets, aracanut mixture, etc. 0.321 0.121 0.200 0.076 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.019 02 .3 .1 35250 Cocaine, heroin, morphine 0.014 0.002 0.012 0.005 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.003 03 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 4.264 1.733 2.531 0.496 0.452 0.398 0.339 0.845 03 .1 Clothing 3.578 1.474 2.104 0.416 0.374 0.343 0.276 0.694 03 .1 .1 Clothing materials 0.911 0.292 0.619 0.140 0.123 0.096 0.080 0.179 03 .1 .1 2633001 Wool, put up for retail sale 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 03 .1 .1 26610 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85% or more by 0.909 0.292 0.617 0.140 0.123 0.095 0.080 0.179 03 .1 .1 26840 Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (o 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .1 2799299 rubber thread and cord, textile covered; text 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 Garments 2.655 1.177 1.478 0.273 0.250 0.246 0.194 0.515 03 .1 .2 28200 Wearing apparel 0.204 0.075 0.130 0.033 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.052 03 .1 .2 28210 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hos 0.065 0.024 0.040 0.013 0.005 0.004 0.007 0.012 03 .1 .2 28221 Men's or boys' suits, coats, jackets, trousers, sh 0.011 0.002 0.009 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.008 03 .1 .2 2822499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, petticoats, pan 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 2822501 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or cro 0.005 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 28227 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted 0.488 0.165 0.323 0.061 0.047 0.042 0.029 0.143 03 .1 .2 2823101 uniform 0.554 0.236 0.318 0.057 0.062 0.059 0.054 0.086 03 .1 .2 2823201 Men's or boys' shirts, singlets, underpants, pyjam 0.594 0.317 0.277 0.053 0.058 0.051 0.057 0.058 03 .1 .2 2823301 Women's or girls' suits, coats, jackets, dresses, 0.262 0.132 0.130 0.015 0.007 0.019 0.013 0.077 03 .1 .2 2823499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, singlets, petti 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 28235 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, of text 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 2823701 Brassieres, girdles, corsets 0.122 0.059 0.063 0.012 0.012 0.008 0.006 0.025 03 .1 .2 28330 Artificial fur and articles thereof (except headge 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 3219301 Garments of paper, etc. 0.344 0.163 0.180 0.024 0.037 0.048 0.015 0.056 03 .1 .3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessorie 0.011 0.004 0.007 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.000 03 .1 .3 2635001 Cotton sewing thread 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 27912 Tulles and other net fabrics, except woven, knitte 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 2823801 Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarves, veils, ties, crava 0.010 0.003 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 03 .1 .3 3626002 Clothing accessories of rubber 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 4299701 Clasps, buckles, press-studs, etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 150 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

03 .1 .4 Repair and hire of clothing 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .4 9713001 Other cleaning services for garments 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .2 Footwear 0.686 0.259 0.427 0.080 0.078 0.055 0.063 0.151 03 .2 .1 Shoes and other footwear 0.686 0.259 0.427 0.080 0.078 0.055 0.063 0.151 03 .2 .1 2932099 Footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .2 .1 2933099 Footwear with uppers of leather, other than sports 0.263 0.108 0.155 0.028 0.025 0.020 0.021 0.061 03 .2 .1 2934099 Footwear with uppers of textile materials, other t 0.267 0.086 0.182 0.036 0.032 0.027 0.028 0.059 03 .2 .1 29420 Other sports footwear of CPC 29420 0.149 0.059 0.089 0.015 0.021 0.008 0.014 0.032 03 .2 .1 29520 Wooden footwear, miscellaneous special footwear an 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 04 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 35.753 17.596 18.157 4.131 3.851 2.543 2.663 4.969 04 .1 Actual rentals for housing 4.823 4.711 0.113 0.039 0.022 0.030 0.021 0.000 04 .1 .1 Actual rentals paid by tenants 4.823 4.711 0.113 0.039 0.022 0.030 0.021 0.000 04 .1 .1 7211101 Actual rents for main residences 4.823 4.711 0.113 0.039 0.022 0.030 0.021 0.000 04 .2 Imputed rentals for housing 22.870 9.382 13.488 3.311 2.827 1.859 2.081 3.409 04 .2 .1 Imputed rentals of owner-occupiers 22.870 9.382 13.488 3.311 2.827 1.859 2.081 3.409 04 .2 .1 7211103 Imputed rents for main residences 22.870 9.382 13.488 3.311 2.827 1.859 2.081 3.409 04 .3 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 1.336 0.253 1.083 0.187 0.201 0.080 0.088 0.528 04 .3 .1 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of 0.310 0.067 0.243 0.061 0.035 0.011 0.032 0.105 04 .3 .1 3141099 Plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 04 .3 .1 3511001 Paints, varnishes, etc. for household use 0.297 0.065 0.232 0.059 0.034 0.011 0.028 0.101 04 .3 .1 3623001 Rubber pipes and other such plumbing articles 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 04 .3 .1 3744001 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and 0.007 0.001 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 04 .3 .2 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of 1.026 0.186 0.840 0.125 0.166 0.069 0.056 0.423 04 .3 .2 5411101 Repair and maintenance of buildings - one and two- 1.000 0.178 0.822 0.125 0.166 0.051 0.056 0.423 04 .3 .2 54112 Repair and maintenance of buildings - multi-dwelli 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 04 .3 .2 54611 Electrical wiring and fitting services 0.018 0.000 0.018 0.000 0.000 0.018 0.000 0.000 04 .4 Other services relating to the dwelling 1.173 1.121 0.052 0.008 0.029 0.007 0.000 0.009 04 .4 .1 Refuse collection 1.039 1.004 0.035 0.004 0.026 0.005 0.000 0.000 04 .4 .1 69210 Water, except steam and hot water, distribution se 1.039 1.004 0.035 0.004 0.026 0.005 0.000 0.000 04 .4 .2 Sewerage services 0.134 0.117 0.017 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.009 04 .4 .2 94211 Non-hazardous waste collection services 0.134 0.117 0.017 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.009 04 .5 Electricity, gas and other fuels 5.550 2.129 3.421 0.587 0.771 0.567 0.473 1.023 04 .5 .1 Electricity 4.255 1.643 2.612 0.464 0.587 0.446 0.356 0.760 04 .5 .1 69110 Electricity transmission and distribution services 4.255 1.643 2.612 0.464 0.587 0.446 0.356 0.760 04 .5 .2 Gas 0.701 0.381 0.320 0.030 0.062 0.062 0.050 0.114 04 .5 .2 69120 Gas distribution services through mains 0.701 0.381 0.320 0.030 0.062 0.062 0.050 0.114 04 .5 .3 Liquid fuels 0.595 0.106 0.489 0.092 0.122 0.059 0.066 0.149 04 .5 .3 3334001 Kerosene 0.595 0.106 0.489 0.092 0.122 0.059 0.066 0.149 04 .5 .4 Solid fuels 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 04 .5 .4 0313001 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggo 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINT 4.180 1.792 2.387 0.552 0.392 0.294 0.391 0.759 05 .1 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets an 1.074 0.437 0.637 0.153 0.112 0.056 0.093 0.223 05 .1 .1 Furniture and furnishings 0.940 0.396 0.544 0.115 0.098 0.034 0.090 0.208

Page 151 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .1 .1 29130 Leather for ornamental purposes 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .1 38112 Seats, primarily with wooden frames 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .1 3811999 Other seats 0.017 0.004 0.013 0.002 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.003 05 .1 .1 3813099 Other wooden furniture, of a kind used in the kitc 0.042 0.037 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 05 .1 .1 3814099 Other furniture of the household type 0.660 0.301 0.359 0.065 0.064 0.020 0.050 0.160 05 .1 .1 3815099 Mattress supports; mattresses, fitted with springs 0.220 0.054 0.166 0.048 0.029 0.013 0.032 0.044 05 .1 .2 Carpets and other floor coverings 0.118 0.037 0.081 0.032 0.015 0.016 0.004 0.014 05 .1 .2 2714002 Sets of woven fabrics and yarn for making up into 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 05 .1 .2 27210 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .2 3893099 linoleum floor cover, tharafaalu, etc. 0.115 0.037 0.078 0.032 0.014 0.016 0.003 0.014 05 .1 .3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverin 0.017 0.004 0.012 0.006 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .3 8724099 Furniture repair services 0.017 0.004 0.012 0.006 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 05 .2 Household textiles 0.153 0.080 0.073 0.014 0.015 0.008 0.014 0.020 05 .2 .1 Household textiles 0.153 0.080 0.073 0.014 0.015 0.008 0.014 0.020 05 .2 .1 27120 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen l 0.110 0.057 0.052 0.010 0.010 0.006 0.009 0.018 05 .2 .1 2713099 Curtains (including drapes) and interior blinds; c 0.043 0.023 0.020 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.005 0.003 05 .3 Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, was 0.983 0.437 0.546 0.094 0.108 0.080 0.125 0.139 05 .3 .1 Major household appliances whether electric or not 0.889 0.395 0.494 0.088 0.097 0.071 0.118 0.119 05 .3 .1 4391201 Household type air conditioning machines 0.034 0.017 0.017 0.000 0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 44621 Ironing and pressing machines 0.008 0.005 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 05 .3 .1 4481101 Refrigerators, household type, electric or non-ele 0.192 0.079 0.113 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.035 0.031 05 .3 .1 4481103 Freezers, household type, electric or non-electric 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 4481201 Dishwashing machines and clothes or linen washing 0.208 0.098 0.111 0.027 0.023 0.014 0.027 0.020 05 .3 .1 4481401 Household sewing machines 0.115 0.053 0.062 0.010 0.003 0.010 0.015 0.024 05 .3 .1 4481402 Knitting machines 0.011 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.002 0.006 05 .3 .1 4481501 Ventilators and extractor hoods 0.114 0.043 0.071 0.017 0.013 0.008 0.016 0.016 05 .3 .1 4481601 Vacuum cleaners ,floor polishers, kitchen waste di 0.034 0.011 0.023 0.007 0.006 0.001 0.003 0.005 05 .3 .1 4481701 Ovens, microwave ovens, cookers; water and space h 0.036 0.015 0.021 0.003 0.002 0.005 0.004 0.009 05 .3 .1 4482101 Non-electric cooking and heating apparatus 0.123 0.067 0.056 0.010 0.011 0.013 0.016 0.005 05 .3 .1 44822 Parts of vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, water h 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 4482201 Stove 0.011 0.006 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.003 05 .3 .1 44824 heaters, etc. 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .2 Small electric household appliances 0.094 0.041 0.053 0.005 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.020 05 .3 .2 4481602 Food mixers, coffee makers, toasters, irons and th 0.086 0.037 0.049 0.005 0.011 0.008 0.007 0.018 05 .3 .2 4481703 Rice Cooker 0.007 0.004 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.002 05 .3 .3 Repair of household appliances 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .3 87159 Maintenance and repair services of machinery and e 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .4 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.057 0.025 0.033 0.008 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 05 .4 .1 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.057 0.025 0.033 0.008 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.007 05 .4 .1 3191201 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .4 .1 3722101 Tableware, kitchenware, etc. 0.009 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 05 .4 .1 42912 Table, kitchen or other household articles and par 0.010 0.005 0.005 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 05 .4 .1 42913 Knives (except for machines) and scissors, and bla 0.019 0.004 0.015 0.004 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.003 05 .4 .1 4291301 Table knives and kitchen knives 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 152 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .4 .1 4291601 Spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fis 0.019 0.010 0.009 0.001 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.001 05 .5 Tools and equipment for house and garden 0.104 0.056 0.048 0.014 0.003 0.009 0.004 0.017 05 .5 .1 Major tools and equipment 0.087 0.049 0.038 0.010 0.002 0.007 0.002 0.016 05 .5 .1 4322001 Water pumps for gardens 0.087 0.049 0.038 0.010 0.002 0.007 0.002 0.016 05 .5 .2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 0.018 0.008 0.010 0.004 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 05 .5 .2 3694002 Watering cans 0.009 0.003 0.005 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 05 .5 .2 4292102 Hand tools 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 05 .5 .2 4621201 Fuses, circuit breakers, switches, lamp holders, p 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .5 .2 4641099 Primary cells and primary batteries 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .5 .2 4993001 Wheel barrows and the like 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 05 .6 Goods and services for routine household maintenan 1.808 0.757 1.051 0.268 0.147 0.134 0.149 0.353 05 .6 .1 Non-durable household goods 1.687 0.665 1.022 0.268 0.147 0.105 0.149 0.353 05 .6 .1 24120 Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured, of any 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 33330 White spirit 0.490 0.150 0.341 0.113 0.019 0.003 0.072 0.134 05 .6 .1 3462099 Insecticides, fungicides, disinfectants, etc. for 0.211 0.136 0.075 0.019 0.013 0.006 0.007 0.030 05 .6 .1 3532202 Detergents and washing preparations 0.690 0.278 0.412 0.102 0.081 0.066 0.048 0.116 05 .6 .1 3533101 Preparations for perfuming or deodorizing rooms 0.008 0.002 0.006 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 3633002 Plastic foil, sheets, etc. not adhesive 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 3891101 Tailor's chalks 0.218 0.066 0.152 0.028 0.025 0.027 0.018 0.055 05 .6 .1 3899302 Household brushes, mops, etc. 0.055 0.020 0.035 0.003 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.019 05 .6 .1 3899801 Matches 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 3899903 Candles 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 4299904 Hangers, aluminium knitting needles 0.012 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .2 Domestic services and home care services 0.122 0.092 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .2 98000 Domestic services 0.122 0.092 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.000 0.000 06 HEALTH 5.158 1.943 3.215 0.287 0.770 0.673 0.594 0.892 06 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.037 0.259 0.778 0.157 0.142 0.091 0.141 0.247 06 .1 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.037 0.259 0.778 0.157 0.142 0.091 0.141 0.247 06 .1 .1 3526001 Medicaments for humans 0.916 0.220 0.696 0.139 0.112 0.089 0.121 0.235 06 .1 .1 35290 Other pharmaceutical products or articles for medi 0.077 0.017 0.060 0.018 0.030 0.002 0.000 0.010 06 .1 .1 3627006 Condoms and other hygienic articles 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .1 .1 4825301 Alcohol breath tests 0.020 0.000 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 06 .1 .1 4831201 Corrective eye-glasses 0.024 0.022 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 06 .2 Out-patient services 3.484 1.251 2.233 0.120 0.626 0.555 0.400 0.532 06 .2 .1 Medical services 0.683 0.208 0.474 0.046 0.089 0.224 0.023 0.093

Page 153 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

06 .2 .1 9312102 General medical services 0.683 0.208 0.474 0.046 0.089 0.224 0.023 0.093 06 .2 .2 Dental services 0.180 0.172 0.008 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 06 .2 .2 93123 Dental services 0.180 0.172 0.008 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 06 .2 .3 Paramedical services 2.621 0.870 1.751 0.071 0.537 0.327 0.376 0.439 06 .2 .3 9312202 medical consulting 2.604 0.853 1.751 0.071 0.537 0.327 0.376 0.439 06 .2 .3 93191 Deliveries and related services, nursing services, 0.014 0.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .2 .3 9319999 Other human health services n.e.c. 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .3 Hospital services 0.637 0.433 0.204 0.009 0.003 0.027 0.053 0.113 06 .3 .1 Hospital services 0.637 0.433 0.204 0.009 0.003 0.027 0.053 0.113 06 .3 .1 9311099 Hospital services 0.637 0.433 0.204 0.009 0.003 0.027 0.053 0.113 07 TRANSPORT 4.095 2.050 2.045 0.477 0.371 0.263 0.296 0.638 07 .1 Purchase of vehicles 1.578 0.880 0.698 0.286 0.133 0.071 0.040 0.168 07 .1 .1 Motor cars 0.290 0.099 0.191 0.000 0.106 0.000 0.000 0.085 07 .1 .1 4911301 Motor cars 0.183 0.099 0.085 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.085 07 .1 .1 4911401 Pickup / Lorry 0.106 0.000 0.106 0.000 0.106 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .2 Motor cycles 0.823 0.708 0.115 0.040 0.000 0.029 0.015 0.031 07 .1 .2 4991101 Cycle 0.823 0.708 0.115 0.040 0.000 0.029 0.015 0.031 07 .1 .3 Bicycles 0.210 0.072 0.138 0.048 0.016 0.008 0.023 0.042 07 .1 .3 49921 Bicycles and other cycles, not motorised 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .3 4992101 Bicycle 0.206 0.071 0.135 0.048 0.016 0.005 0.023 0.042 07 .1 .3 4993002 Rickshaws 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .4 Boats of all kinds 0.255 0.001 0.254 0.199 0.010 0.034 0.002 0.009 07 .1 .4 4931401 Dhoani / Speed boat 0.255 0.001 0.254 0.199 0.010 0.034 0.002 0.009 07 .2 Operation of personal transport equipment 0.071 0.035 0.037 0.005 0.021 0.000 0.002 0.008 07 .2 .1 Spares parts and accessories 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .1 4299905 Bicycle bells 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .1 4323001 Air pumps for vehicles 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .2 Fuels and lubricants 0.048 0.014 0.035 0.003 0.021 0.000 0.002 0.008 07 .2 .2 3331001 Petrol, motor gasolene 0.048 0.014 0.035 0.003 0.021 0.000 0.002 0.008 07 .2 .4 Other services in respect of personal transport eq 0.021 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .4 7211202 Permanent hire of garages or parking spaces for pu 0.021 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .3 Transports services 2.446 1.135 1.311 0.186 0.217 0.192 0.254 0.462 07 .3 .2 Passenger transport by road 0.573 0.298 0.275 0.018 0.012 0.018 0.063 0.164 07 .3 .2 6421102 Transportation by motor-bus and trolley-bus 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .3 .2 6422101 Taxi services 0.541 0.298 0.243 0.018 0.012 0.018 0.032 0.164 07 .3 .2 64223 Rental services of buses and coaches with operator 0.031 0.000 0.031 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.031 0.000 07 .3 .3 Passenger transport by air 1.081 0.631 0.450 0.015 0.059 0.090 0.078 0.208 07 .3 .3 66110 Scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.102 0.000 0.102 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.018 0.083 07 .3 .3 66110E Airfare - Education travel 0.085 0.065 0.020 0.000 0.012 0.000 0.002 0.006 07 .3 .3 66110H Airfare - Religious (Hajj) travel 0.111 0.090 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.021 0.000 0.000 07 .3 .3 66110L Airfare - Leisure travel 0.286 0.265 0.020 0.003 0.000 0.015 0.002 0.000

Page 154 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

07 .3 .3 66110M Airfare - Medical travel 0.492 0.205 0.287 0.012 0.048 0.052 0.056 0.119 07 .3 .3 66120 Non-scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .3 .4 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 0.792 0.205 0.586 0.153 0.146 0.085 0.113 0.090 07 .3 .4 6511101 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services 0.198 0.102 0.096 0.012 0.014 0.034 0.023 0.013 07 .3 .4 6511901 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport ser 0.594 0.103 0.491 0.140 0.132 0.051 0.090 0.078 08 COMMUNICATIONS 3.753 2.367 1.386 0.326 0.306 0.171 0.112 0.472 08 .1 Communications 0.022 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.004 0.001 08 .1 .1 Postal services 0.022 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.004 0.001 08 .1 .1 68111 Postal services related to letters 0.008 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 08 .1 .1 68112 Postal services related to parcels 0.013 0.006 0.007 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.000 08 .2 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.421 0.161 0.260 0.090 0.034 0.022 0.032 0.082 08 .2 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.421 0.161 0.260 0.090 0.034 0.022 0.032 0.082 08 .2 .1 4721101 Mobile phones 0.364 0.132 0.232 0.083 0.034 0.022 0.032 0.061 08 .2 .1 4722001 Telephones, telefax machines 0.057 0.029 0.028 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.021 08 .3 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 3.310 2.195 1.115 0.231 0.269 0.149 0.076 0.389 08 .3 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 3.310 2.195 1.115 0.231 0.269 0.149 0.076 0.389 08 .3 .1 8411002 Wired telecommunications services 1.759 1.172 0.588 0.118 0.083 0.028 0.011 0.348 08 .3 .1 8412001 Telephone card - mobile 1.550 1.024 0.527 0.113 0.186 0.121 0.065 0.041 09 RECREATION AND CULTURE 4.056 1.917 2.140 0.511 0.375 0.335 0.313 0.605 09 .1 Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equ 1.901 1.071 0.829 0.236 0.184 0.138 0.118 0.153 09 .1 .1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reprodu 1.159 0.583 0.576 0.189 0.116 0.091 0.090 0.090 09 .1 .1 4722002 Building surveillance equipment 0.421 0.242 0.179 0.078 0.043 0.044 0.015 0.000 09 .1 .1 4722003 Fax machine 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .1 4731101 Radio 0.049 0.015 0.034 0.006 0.011 0.003 0.007 0.007 09 .1 .1 4731301 Cable TV 0.221 0.151 0.070 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.005 0.038 09 .1 .1 4731302 Dish Antennae 0.031 0.015 0.015 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.004 09 .1 .1 4731304 Television receivers, whether or not combined with 0.036 0.036 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .1 4732101 Compact Set 0.187 0.046 0.141 0.041 0.028 0.020 0.043 0.009 09 .1 .1 4732102 CD Player 0.014 0.003 0.012 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.005 09 .1 .1 4732301 Video cassette players and recorders 0.199 0.074 0.125 0.046 0.026 0.013 0.014 0.027 09 .1 .1 4733102 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers; hea 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .2 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and opt 0.093 0.044 0.049 0.002 0.013 0.001 0.015 0.017 09 .1 .2 4832201 Camera 0.093 0.044 0.049 0.002 0.013 0.001 0.015 0.017 09 .1 .3 Data processing equipment 0.586 0.421 0.165 0.040 0.040 0.042 0.007 0.036 09 .1 .3 45130 Calculating machines including pocket calculators 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .3 4523001 Computer 0.579 0.419 0.160 0.040 0.038 0.041 0.007 0.034 09 .1 .3 4526001 Printer 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .3 4526003 Computer CD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .3 45270 Storage units 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 09 .1 .4 Recording media for pictures and sound 0.063 0.024 0.039 0.005 0.015 0.004 0.005 0.010 09 .1 .4 4751001 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording or s 0.063 0.024 0.039 0.005 0.015 0.004 0.005 0.010 09 .2 Other major durables for recreation and culture, i 0.184 0.034 0.150 0.052 0.018 0.007 0.039 0.034 09 .2 .1 Other major durables for recreation and culture 0.033 0.000 0.033 0.030 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 09 .2 .1 2716002 Sails for boats 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 155 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .2 .1 4311001 Outboard motors for boats 0.033 0.000 0.033 0.030 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 09 .2 .2 Repair of other major durables for recreation and 0.151 0.034 0.117 0.021 0.018 0.007 0.037 0.034 09 .2 .2 87149 Repair of pleasure boats, sports boats and private 0.151 0.034 0.117 0.021 0.018 0.007 0.037 0.034 09 .3 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens an 0.612 0.199 0.413 0.067 0.085 0.057 0.071 0.133 09 .3 .1 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camp 0.590 0.187 0.403 0.066 0.079 0.057 0.070 0.131 09 .3 .1 3260001 Albums 0.212 0.054 0.158 0.024 0.026 0.028 0.025 0.055 09 .3 .1 3856099 Other toys (including toy musical instruments) 0.185 0.052 0.132 0.020 0.029 0.016 0.012 0.055 09 .3 .1 3857001 Playing cards 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .1 3858001 Video games of a kind used 0.077 0.048 0.030 0.003 0.004 0.008 0.001 0.013 09 .3 .1 4752003 Game software for use in PCs and for playing conso 0.116 0.033 0.083 0.019 0.020 0.005 0.032 0.007 09 .3 .2 Gardens, plants and flowers 0.013 0.003 0.010 0.001 0.006 0.000 0.001 0.001 09 .3 .2 2718002 Sleeping bags 0.004 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 3844002 Other articles and equipment for sports or outdoor 0.007 0.000 0.007 0.001 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 3892102 Whips, riding-crops and the like 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 09 .3 .2 4482103 Camping stoves 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .3 Pets and related products 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .3 0151099 Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .4 Veterinary and other services for pets 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 09 .3 .4 23310 Pet food 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .4 4481603 Hair clippers for animals 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 09 .4 Recreational and cultural services 0.400 0.240 0.161 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.006 0.089 09 .4 .1 Sporting and recreational services 0.067 0.067 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .1 9652099 Sports and recreational sports facility operation 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .1 9662099 Services of sports and games schools: services of 0.016 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .1 9723002 Services of fitness centres 0.048 0.048 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .2 Cultural services 0.334 0.173 0.160 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.006 0.089 09 .4 .2 7322099 Leasing or rental services concerning video tape 0.082 0.050 0.032 0.006 0.004 0.006 0.001 0.015 09 .4 .2 83811 Portrait photography services 0.058 0.021 0.037 0.003 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.031 09 .4 .2 83820 Photography processing services 0.142 0.072 0.070 0.011 0.012 0.007 0.005 0.035 09 .4 .2 9615199 Motion picture projection services 0.052 0.030 0.022 0.002 0.006 0.006 0.000 0.008 09 .5 Newspapers, books and stationery 0.959 0.373 0.586 0.134 0.066 0.111 0.079 0.197 09 .5 .1 Books 0.847 0.313 0.534 0.122 0.055 0.106 0.075 0.176 09 .5 .1 3223099 Printed books (except dictionaries and encyclopaed 0.847 0.313 0.534 0.122 0.055 0.106 0.075 0.176 09 .5 .1 86921 Printing services and services related to printing 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .2 Newspapers and periodicals 0.085 0.050 0.035 0.009 0.005 0.004 0.001 0.016 09 .5 .2 3230099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing at 0.043 0.030 0.013 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.008 09 .5 .2 3240099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing le 0.042 0.020 0.022 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.000 0.008 09 .5 .3 Miscellaneous printed matter 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .3 32540 Printed pictures, designs and photographs 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .4 Stationery and drawing materials 0.027 0.010 0.017 0.002 0.006 0.001 0.003 0.005 09 .5 .4 3212901 Other uncoated paper and paperboard; of a kind use 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .4 3214201 Paper and paperboard, creped, crinkled, embossed o 0.008 0.005 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 09 .5 .4 3542004 Glues for stationery products 0.018 0.004 0.014 0.002 0.005 0.001 0.002 0.004 09 .5 .4 3692002 Stationery material of a width not exceeding 20 cm 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 156 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .5 .4 3891102 Pens, duplicating stylos, pencils, pen-holders, pe 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 10 EDUCATION 3.061 1.891 1.171 0.224 0.197 0.234 0.115 0.400 10 .1 Educational services 3.061 1.891 1.171 0.224 0.197 0.234 0.115 0.400 10 .1 .1 Pre-primary and primary education 0.994 0.388 0.606 0.146 0.098 0.149 0.045 0.167 10 .1 .1 92110 Pre-school education services 0.175 0.054 0.121 0.039 0.021 0.020 0.002 0.039 10 .1 .1 9219001 Other primary education services 0.819 0.334 0.485 0.107 0.077 0.129 0.043 0.128 10 .1 .2 Secondary education 0.741 0.484 0.257 0.034 0.066 0.056 0.029 0.072 10 .1 .2 9221001 General secondary education services 0.740 0.483 0.257 0.034 0.066 0.056 0.029 0.072 10 .1 .2 92230 Technical and vocational secondary education servi 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 10 .1 .3 Tertiary education 0.269 0.164 0.105 0.003 0.002 0.006 0.008 0.085 10 .1 .3 92220 Higher secondary education services 0.160 0.076 0.084 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.008 0.072 10 .1 .3 92310 Post-secondary technical and vocational education 0.109 0.088 0.021 0.003 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.013 10 .1 .4 Education not definable by level 1.058 0.855 0.203 0.041 0.031 0.023 0.032 0.076 10 .1 .4 92900 Other education and training services 1.058 0.855 0.203 0.041 0.031 0.023 0.032 0.076 11 HOTELS, CAFS AND RESTAURANTS 1.323 0.980 0.342 0.023 0.035 0.249 0.004 0.032 11 .1 Catering services 0.574 0.468 0.106 0.001 0.000 0.070 0.003 0.032 11 .1 .1 Restaurants, caf‚s, take-aways and the like 0.574 0.468 0.106 0.001 0.000 0.070 0.003 0.032 11 .1 .1 6329001 Lunch packet 0.031 0.031 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 11 .1 .1 6329002 Eating in hotel 0.238 0.153 0.084 0.000 0.000 0.070 0.003 0.011 11 .1 .1 6329003 Eating in restaurent 0.305 0.283 0.022 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 11 .2 Accommodation services 0.749 0.513 0.236 0.021 0.035 0.178 0.002 0.000 11 .2 .1 Accommodation services 0.749 0.513 0.236 0.021 0.035 0.178 0.002 0.000 11 .2 .1 6319199 Holiday centre and holiday home services 0.547 0.513 0.034 0.008 0.000 0.025 0.002 0.000 11 .2 .1 63199 Other lodging services n.e.c. 0.202 0.000 0.202 0.014 0.035 0.153 0.000 0.000 12 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 4.357 1.951 2.405 0.588 0.395 0.344 0.310 0.769 12 .1 Personal care 3.849 1.595 2.254 0.494 0.395 0.330 0.271 0.764 12 .1 .1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establis 0.143 0.098 0.045 0.007 0.008 0.004 0.004 0.022 12 .1 .1 9721001 Hairdressing and barbers' services 0.131 0.086 0.045 0.007 0.008 0.004 0.004 0.022 12 .1 .1 9722099 Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring serv 0.013 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .2 Appliances, articles and products for personal car 0.117 0.045 0.072 0.019 0.015 0.007 0.008 0.024 12 .1 .2 8715102 Repair of personal care appliances 0.117 0.045 0.072 0.019 0.015 0.007 0.008 0.024 12 .1 .3 Personal care services n.e.c. 3.588 1.452 2.137 0.468 0.372 0.318 0.260 0.719 12 .1 .3 3219305 sanitary pads, etc. 0.244 0.112 0.132 0.033 0.018 0.020 0.013 0.048 12 .1 .3 3532101 Toilet soaps 0.270 0.097 0.173 0.047 0.028 0.027 0.021 0.049 12 .1 .3 3532301 roll on deodorant stick, etc. 0.041 0.016 0.026 0.016 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.006 12 .1 .3 3532302 calamine, lotion, etc. 0.533 0.183 0.350 0.076 0.063 0.057 0.045 0.110 12 .1 .3 3532303 body spray, etc. 0.085 0.039 0.046 0.011 0.011 0.007 0.005 0.012 12 .1 .3 3532304 baby eude cologne, etc. 0.190 0.073 0.117 0.022 0.019 0.013 0.012 0.052 12 .1 .3 3532305 gandu fuh dhalhu, face powder, etc. 0.166 0.047 0.120 0.027 0.016 0.018 0.022 0.037 12 .1 .3 3532306 facial cream, etc. 0.092 0.033 0.059 0.013 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.019 12 .1 .3 3532309 vaseline hair cream, etc. 0.172 0.050 0.122 0.028 0.033 0.016 0.016 0.028 12 .1 .3 3532314 perfume, etc. 0.510 0.295 0.216 0.039 0.044 0.041 0.016 0.077 12 .1 .3 3532316 shampoo, etc. 0.421 0.144 0.277 0.059 0.051 0.040 0.035 0.092 12 .1 .3 3532318 close-up, tooth paste, etc. 0.223 0.089 0.133 0.029 0.020 0.019 0.019 0.046

Page 157 Table 31.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 12 .1 .3 3532320 lip stick, etc. 0.082 0.038 0.044 0.015 0.006 0.006 0.002 0.014 12 .1 .3 3532321 after shave, etc. 0.033 0.011 0.021 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.009 12 .1 .3 3532322 shaving foam, etc. 0.088 0.041 0.047 0.005 0.006 0.009 0.005 0.022 12 .1 .3 3532336 Cutex 0.004 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 12 .1 .3 3532337 Hair oil 0.022 0.009 0.013 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.004 12 .1 .3 3532338 Facial Wash 0.076 0.039 0.037 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.007 0.013 12 .1 .3 3532399 perfume and toilet preparations 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .3 3899305 Toothbrushes 0.142 0.051 0.091 0.019 0.013 0.011 0.013 0.036 12 .1 .3 3899306 Hairbrushes, etc. for personal care 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .3 3899403 Combs 0.107 0.051 0.056 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.010 0.026 12 .1 .3 4291402 Razors and razor blades (including razor blade bla 0.082 0.031 0.051 0.011 0.014 0.007 0.003 0.016 12 .1 .3 4291503 Hair clippers, nail files, etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 Personal effects n.e.c. 0.122 0.034 0.088 0.084 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 Other personal effects 0.122 0.034 0.088 0.084 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 2922004 Luggage, handbags and the like, of leather, compos 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 3693002 Bath tubs for children 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 3719302 Ashtrays 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 3899402 Lighters, pipes, cigar and cigarette holders 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 4831203 Sun-glasses 0.010 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 99999 Other personal effects 0.102 0.015 0.087 0.084 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 12 .3 Social protection services 0.018 0.004 0.014 0.005 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.004 12 .3 .1 Social protection services 0.018 0.004 0.014 0.005 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.004 12 .3 .1 3824002 Jewellery, except those acquired primarily as stor 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .3 .1 3899701 Imitation jewellery 0.008 0.003 0.005 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 12 .3 .1 4841001 wrist watch, etc. 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.000 12 .3 .1 4842002 Household clocks 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .4 Insurance 0.010 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 12 .4 .4 Insurance connected with transport 0.010 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 12 .4 .4 7133101 Motor vehicle insurance services 0.010 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 12 .6 Other services n.e.c. 0.359 0.319 0.040 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.035 0.000 12 .6 .1 Other services n.e.c. 0.359 0.319 0.040 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.035 0.000 12 .6 .1 85940 Duplicating services 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .6 .1 9111101 Fees for administrative documents 0.072 0.063 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.000 12 .6 .1 9332901 Marriage guidance services 0.284 0.253 0.031 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.000 13 INDIVIDUAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE BY NPISH (13) 0.080 0.075 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 13 .3 Religion 0.080 0.075 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 13 .3 .1 Religion 0.080 0.075 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 13 .3 .1 9591099 Religious services 0.080 0.075 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000

Page 158 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

TOTAL HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE ON GOODS AND SERVICES 9,387,845 4,393,499 4,994,346 1,010,402 1,062,257 811,960 676,655 1,433,071 01 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 2,999,280 1,082,574 1,916,706 418,844 453,639 294,674 258,542 491,007 01 .1 Food 2,794,590 1,014,668 1,779,922 382,871 424,468 280,999 239,552 452,033 01 .1 .1 Bread and cereals 628,744 189,498 439,246 97,463 99,514 64,048 66,504 111,717 01 .1 .1 0112099 Maize (corn) 510 70 440 0 362 26 0 52 01 .1 .1 2311001 Aata flour, aata fuh 130,203 34,595 95,608 21,417 18,932 12,492 18,193 24,574 01 .1 .1 2312099 Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin 151 82 68 0 68 0 0 0 01 .1 .1 2315001 Baby cereal foods, cerelac, nestum etc 14,282 11,737 2,545 518 0 217 189 1,622 01 .1 .1 2315002 Corn flakes 6,745 5,511 1,234 0 274 56 576 327 01 .1 .1 2315003 Bimbi, millet 252 0 252 0 252 0 0 0 01 .1 .1 2315099 Other cereal grain products (including corn flakes 740 740 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .1 2316001 Baiy, handoo 205,967 54,774 151,193 33,728 35,239 22,023 24,714 35,490 01 .1 .1 2342001 Biscuits 107,247 20,812 86,436 18,723 24,043 12,811 9,991 20,868 01 .1 .1 2342002 Apollo 952 0 952 0 0 0 13 939 01 .1 .1 2343001 Bread 46,025 30,734 15,291 678 3,361 2,097 884 8,271 01 .1 .1 2343002 Buns, round, long etc, hus banas 18,952 8,095 10,856 1,089 2,276 1,858 651 4,983 01 .1 .1 2343004 Faaroshi, hikki banas 39,048 6,152 32,896 8,580 9,744 3,910 5,546 5,116 01 .1 .1 2343005 Cake 2,226 1,586 640 0 27 0 157 455 01 .1 .1 2371001 Macaroni, spagetti uncooked 8,214 3,565 4,649 1,443 117 1,543 344 1,202 01 .1 .1 2371002 Noodles uncooked 47,093 10,906 36,187 11,286 4,819 7,015 5,247 7,819 01 .1 .1 2371099 Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared 9090000000 01 .1 .1 2372002 Noodles cooked 4747000000 01 .1 .2 Meat 83,098 54,556 28,542 5,555 6,130 5,080 2,578 9,200 01 .1 .2 0212299 Poultry, live 8,761 3,229 5,532 1,192 2,453 0 1,886 0 01 .1 .2 2111201 Beef Frozen 4,826 3,097 1,728 0 840 533 0 356 01 .1 .2 2112201 Chicken and chicken products frozen 59,133 38,900 20,233 3,895 2,680 4,123 691 8,845 01 .1 .2 2112202 Sausage, chicken 10,378 9,329 1,049 468 157 424 0 0 01 .1 .3 Fish 393,936 169,750 224,186 59,448 55,445 41,880 24,633 42,780 01 .1 .3 0411099 Fish, live 140 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .3 0412001 Kalhubila mas, Skipjack tuna fresh or chilled 208,294 96,093 112,202 39,616 23,392 9,217 13,390 26,586 01 .1 .3 0412002 Mushimas fresh or chilled 3,304 1,214 2,090 638 7 339 1,106 0 01 .1 .3 0412003 Giulhu, hibaru, maniya,vella fresh or chilled 15,733 7,170 8,563 767 3,373 2,886 486 1,051 01 .1 .3 0412004 Boavadhila mas, cuttle fish fresh or chilled 180 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .3 2123001 Dried Fish, hikki mas 12,761 2,483 10,278 3,748 2,000 2,098 741 1,692 01 .1 .3 2123002 Smoked fish, valho mas 26,350 16,582 9,767 1,811 2,636 743 2,257 2,320 01 .1 .3 2123003 Mas packets sa;ted or dried 4,717 3,587 1,130 0 0 226 50 854 01 .1 .3 2124001 Canned fish 63,803 28,931 34,871 5,646 12,455 9,410 3,080 4,281 01 .1 .3 2124002 Fried fish 79079007900 01 .1 .3 2124003 Fish paste, rihaakuru 58,482 13,277 45,205 7,222 11,582 16,881 3,523 5,997 01 .1 .3 2124099 Other Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved; cavia 3232000000 01 .1 .3 2125002 Cuttle fish, bovadhila mas, frozen 6060000000

Page 159 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .4 Milk, cheese and eggs 560,695 206,452 354,243 71,564 70,079 55,031 45,805 111,764 01 .1 .4 0292001 Eggs, chicken 74,934 24,768 50,166 10,380 11,269 7,155 4,593 16,769 01 .1 .4 0292002 Eggs, turtle 259 259 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .4 2211001 Processed liquid milk 5151000000 01 .1 .4 2211003 Flavoured milk packed 46,791 31,563 15,228 1,644 8,634 1,447 597 2,905 01 .1 .4 2291001 Baby milk powder, enfalac, lactogen, SMA etc 2,025 1,076 949 949 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .4 2291002 Baby food, milupa etc 709 709 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .4 2291003 Coast milk powder, anchor, nido, etc 330,586 103,206 227,381 42,524 41,862 35,584 31,947 75,463 01 .1 .4 2291004 Horlicks 321 0 321 321 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .4 2291005 Milo in sold form 53,290 17,613 35,677 8,886 5,085 4,963 5,726 11,018 01 .1 .4 2292001 Condensed milk, geri kiru 36,805 15,399 21,406 5,350 3,229 5,052 2,678 5,096 01 .1 .4 2292099 Other Milk and cream, concentrated or containing a 9,238 6,866 2,372 1,277 0 660 264 171 01 .1 .4 2293099 Yoghurt and other fermented or acidified milk and 3434000000 01 .1 .4 2295099 Cheddar, cheese 5,653 4,909 744 233 0 169 0 341 01 .1 .5 Oils and fats 132,732 41,420 91,312 14,794 22,801 12,081 14,384 27,252 01 .1 .5 2165001 Cooking oil 117,443 34,265 83,178 13,341 21,437 11,535 13,715 23,150 01 .1 .5 2165099 Soya-bean, ground-nut, olive, sunflower-seed, saff 246 0 246 246 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .5 2294099 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk 15,043 7,155 7,888 1,207 1,365 546 669 4,101 01 .1 .6 Fruit 386,344 147,667 238,677 45,820 70,216 47,850 26,670 48,121 01 .1 .6 0131001 Banana, bothiraiy, fus, sampa 50,751 18,510 32,242 7,083 8,836 7,236 3,506 5,581 01 .1 .6 0131002 maalhoskeyo ripe, banana 5,290 2,846 2,443 735 313 580 87 729 01 .1 .6 0131005 Coconut young, kurumba 7,939 6,039 1,901 275 1,190 229 116 90 01 .1 .6 0131006 Coconut , Kaashi 62,646 20,086 42,560 8,407 15,218 10,513 5,986 2,436 01 .1 .6 0131007 mango , huiy, ripe 25,260 9,827 15,432 1,423 7,343 4,548 839 1,280 01 .1 .6 0131008 Pineapple, alanaasi 6,675 3,118 3,557 155 0 1,524 44 1,834 01 .1 .6 0131009 Gauva, feyru 1,075 638 437 363 0 45 29 0 01 .1 .6 0132001 lemon 44,931 16,711 28,219 6,955 6,947 5,372 3,761 5,185 01 .1 .6 0132002 Orange 38,777 13,541 25,236 3,226 7,424 3,525 3,313 7,748 01 .1 .6 0133099 Grapes, fresh 8,822 6,175 2,647 259 1,846 257 0 285 01 .1 .6 0134101 Water Melon, karaa 10,095 5,461 4,634 1,167 667 2,649 151 0 01 .1 .6 0134901 Apple 48,072 19,245 28,827 4,596 9,378 4,053 3,706 7,094 01 .1 .6 0134902 Bilamagu 41 13 28 0 0 28 0 0 01 .1 .6 0134905 Kashikeyo, Srewpine 1,077 394 684 0 210 85 52 336 01 .1 .6 0134909 Papaya, falho 4,912 2,651 2,261 1,191 637 222 212 0 01 .1 .6 0134910 Jumhooree meyva, passion fruit 1,960 1,428 531 129 49 299 54 0 01 .1 .6 0134913 Stone apple, kunnaaru 56056005600 01 .1 .6 0134999 Other fruit, fresh n.e.c. 203 203 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .6 0135001 Raisins dried 4,130 934 3,197 132 73 34 55 2,902 01 .1 .6 0136001 Badhan, peanuts fresh or dried 220 220 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .6 0136002 Kanamadhu fresh or dried 3,493 927 2,567 110 748 763 946 0 01 .1 .6 2132099 Vegetables provisionally preserved 68068006800 01 .1 .6 2139004 Fruit preserved in vinegar 36,044 9,409 26,635 6,418 5,911 3,700 2,855 7,751 01 .1 .6 2153002 Cashew nut, peanut, hazlenut roasted salted 7272000000

Page 160 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .6 2153003 Dates, kadhuru 5,679 2,453 3,226 432 467 274 0 2,053 01 .1 .6 2154001 Pineapple, canned 8,907 3,622 5,285 1,143 2,311 618 160 1,053 01 .1 .6 2154002 Fruit cocktail, canned 7,884 2,986 4,898 1,042 123 1,173 796 1,764 01 .1 .6 2154099 Other Fruit and nuts provisionally preserved 1,263 157 1,106 580 525 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vege 270,014 91,441 178,573 37,184 48,049 21,286 26,530 45,524 01 .1 .7 0121001 Potatoes 26,464 8,973 17,491 4,156 3,922 1,124 2,529 5,761 01 .1 .7 0122002 Dhal, red, yellow 16,052 5,521 10,532 3,319 1,820 441 2,062 2,889 01 .1 .7 0122099 Other Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled 144 144 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123901 Bitter gourd, faaga 156 156 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123903 Banbukeyo, bread fruit 14,479 3,735 10,745 202 9,420 119 0 1,004 01 .1 .7 0123904 Cabbage 6,392 2,627 3,765 636 878 492 441 1,317 01 .1 .7 0123905 Capsicum, riha mirus 237 237 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123908 Chichanda, gourd 134 0 134 0 0 0 63 71 01 .1 .7 0123910 Cucumber 5,611 3,122 2,489 396 235 721 218 918 01 .1 .7 0123911 Bashi, eggplant, brinjal 6,253 3,373 2,880 1,449 311 678 442 0 01 .1 .7 0123912 Githeyo mirus, green chilly 57,074 16,812 40,262 8,740 8,489 6,021 5,046 11,965 01 .1 .7 0123916 ku'lhafilaa faiy 291 291 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123917 Leeks 255 163 92 92 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123919 Lettuce 122 122 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123921 Baraboa, pumpkin 5,116 1,747 3,369 639 1,410 660 319 341 01 .1 .7 0123922 Copy faiy, leaf vegetable 330 330 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123924 Gourd, thoraa 237 174 63 0 0 0 63 0 01 .1 .7 0123925 Tomato 1,046 323 723 86 0 72 80 484 01 .1 .7 0123926 Fresh vegetables, mixed 31,161 13,316 17,845 1,644 5,895 1,473 7,339 1,494 01 .1 .7 0123928 Muranga faiy 117 117 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0123999 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c. 287 287 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0124001 Ala, olhu, taro 2,656 746 1,910 345 921 167 0 476 01 .1 .7 0124003 Kattala, sweet potato 260 15 245 135 109 0 0 0 01 .1 .7 0124004 Beetroot 157 18 139 0 0 13 126 0 01 .1 .7 0124005 Carrot 10,656 4,378 6,277 939 2,002 1,211 435 1,691 01 .1 .7 0124006 Garlic 12,197 3,726 8,471 1,765 1,316 1,070 712 3,608 01 .1 .7 0124007 Ginger 5,223 1,627 3,596 1,218 570 624 331 854 01 .1 .7 0124008 Onion 57,172 14,140 43,032 10,543 9,046 5,728 5,610 12,105 01 .1 .7 0124009 Beans, tholhi 3,436 1,795 1,641 419 919 150 41 112 01 .1 .7 2139001 Baked beans canned 5,306 2,758 2,548 289 741 476 608 434 01 .1 .7 2139002 Green peas canned 692 537 154 0 44 45 65 0 01 .1 .7 2139099 Other preserved vegetables (including dried vegeta 302 129 173 173 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .8 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectio 175,409 40,775 134,634 32,811 32,677 17,561 22,630 28,954 01 .1 .8 2152099 Jams, fruit jellies and fruit or nut puree and pas 14,043 4,767 9,275 5,104 1,237 418 178 2,339 01 .1 .8 2297099 Ice cream and other edible ice 679 323 356 0 0 0 0 356 01 .1 .8 2321003 Glucose 3232000000 01 .1 .8 2321004 Honey, maamui 573 573 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .8 2352001 Sugar, normal 148,718 26,352 122,366 27,615 31,034 16,923 21,715 25,079

Page 161 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .8 2365001 Chocolate 2,788 2,586 203 92 0 0 111 0 01 .1 .8 2366001 Chocolate crumpy 7,321 5,757 1,563 0 353 0 157 1,053 01 .1 .8 2367001 Bubble gum, chewing gum 174 174 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .8 2367002 Jelly 1,081 210 871 0 52 220 470 128 01 .1 .9 Food products n.e.c. 163,618 73,110 90,509 18,231 19,557 16,181 9,819 26,720 01 .1 .9 0123909 Curry leaves, rambaa faiy 4,553 3,441 1,113 242 410 197 146 117 01 .1 .9 0123914 Curry leaves, Hikandhi faiy 11,333 5,797 5,536 1,260 1,221 1,942 495 617 01 .1 .9 0162001 Cardamon, kaafurutholhi 909 112 796 39 0 85 4 669 01 .1 .9 0162002 Chillie packed, dried/ powdered 20,768 4,640 16,128 3,828 3,393 2,516 2,178 4,214 01 .1 .9 0162004 Clove, karanfoo 377 133 244 219 24 0 0 0 01 .1 .9 0162005 Coriander, kothanbir 2,398 184 2,214 275 900 486 197 356 01 .1 .9 0162006 Cumin seeds, dhiri 7,553 1,029 6,524 1,106 1,726 934 455 2,304 01 .1 .9 0162007 Dhaviggandhu, fennel seeds 1,749 236 1,514 370 506 190 162 285 01 .1 .9 0162008 Aseymirus, pepper 5,626 1,336 4,290 679 1,478 782 280 1,071 01 .1 .9 0162009 Reendhoo, turmeric 3,734 881 2,853 687 714 332 423 698 01 .1 .9 0162010 Curry powder, hawaadhu, mixed spices packed / tinn 28,665 11,604 17,061 4,597 2,888 1,624 2,148 5,804 01 .1 .9 1620001 Lonu fuh, fine, salt 18,963 4,589 14,374 3,541 3,366 1,755 1,663 4,048 01 .1 .9 2399299 Soups and broths and preparations thereof 2929000000 01 .1 .9 2399501 Sauces tomato/chillie/garlic and kind 8,963 5,302 3,661 875 826 285 286 1,390 01 .1 .9 2399502 Mustard sauce 101 101 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 .1 .9 2399504 Lonu lumbo 136 42 94 0 0 0 94 0 01 .1 .9 2399901 Haluvidhaa 502 250 252 0 157 0 94 0 01 .1 .9 2399902 Chicken rings and kind 716 631 85 0 0 0 85 0 01 .1 .9 2399903 Addu bondi 444 60 383 0 0 383 0 0 01 .1 .9 2399904 Short eats, hedhikaa foni (sweet) 273 211 62 0 0 62 0 0 01 .1 .9 2399905 Short eats, hedhikaa kulhi (saltish) 5,314 2,777 2,537 0 367 1,856 0 314 01 .1 .9 2399906 Hedhikaa not specified 40,174 29,648 10,525 470 1,580 2,753 888 4,834 01 .1 .9 2399999 Other food products n.e.c. 339 76 263 43 0 0 220 0 01 .2 Non-alcoholic beverages 204,689 67,905 136,784 35,974 29,172 13,675 18,989 38,974 01 .2 .1 Coffee, tea and cocoa 82,971 25,289 57,682 11,389 15,686 5,841 8,769 15,997 01 .2 .1 2391199 Coffee 33,591 12,055 21,537 4,330 4,826 2,266 3,885 6,230 01 .2 .1 2391399 Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) a 49,293 13,147 36,146 7,059 10,861 3,575 4,884 9,767 01 .2 .1 2391499 Essence 8787000000 01 .2 .2 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 121,718 42,617 79,102 24,584 13,486 7,834 10,221 22,977 01 .2 .2 2140001 Fruit juices and vegetable juices 92,541 26,009 66,533 14,757 12,350 7,647 9,954 21,825 01 .2 .2 2441001 Mineral water 16,684 14,400 2,285 196 1,068 28 266 726 01 .2 .2 2449001 soft drinks, bottle or canned 12,493 2,208 10,284 9,631 68 158 0 427 02 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 307,713 99,605 208,108 40,047 52,458 46,914 24,095 44,594 02 .2 Tobacco 218,538 75,012 143,526 19,860 34,311 34,419 17,217 37,719 02 .2 .1 Tobacco 218,538 75,012 143,526 19,860 34,311 34,419 17,217 37,719 02 .2 .1 2501001 Cigarettes 213,158 74,942 138,216 18,542 33,916 33,685 14,893 37,179 02 .2 .1 2501002 Bidi, traditional cigarette 1,576 12 1,564 293 193 247 431 400

Page 162 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 02 .2 .1 2501003 Dhun faiy, tobacco leaves 3,804 58 3,746 1,025 202 487 1,892 140 02 .3 Narcotics 89,175 24,593 64,583 20,187 18,147 12,495 6,879 6,875 02 .3 .1 Narcotics 89,175 24,593 64,583 20,187 18,147 12,495 6,879 6,875 02 .3 .1 2502001 Aracanut, foah, fenfoah, hanaakuri foah, roa foah, 51,443 8,855 42,588 13,112 13,507 7,328 4,214 4,426 02 .3 .1 2502002 Supaaree packets, aracanut mixture, etc. 35,870 15,454 20,416 6,479 4,628 4,941 2,362 2,007 02 .3 .1 35250 Cocaine, heroin, morphine 1,862 283 1,579 596 12 226 303 442 03 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 547,279 223,222 324,057 62,389 58,315 51,204 43,709 108,440 03 .1 Clothing 459,119 189,982 269,138 52,127 48,222 44,087 35,608 89,093 03 .1 .1 Clothing materials 117,284 37,614 79,670 18,066 15,846 12,393 10,372 22,993 03 .1 .1 2633001 Wool, put up for retail sale 83083000830 03 .1 .1 26610 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85% or more by 117,029 37,614 79,414 18,023 15,846 12,263 10,289 22,993 03 .1 .1 26840 Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (o 43043430000 03 .1 .1 2799299 rubber thread and cord, textile covered; text 130 0 130 0 0 130 0 0 03 .1 .2 Garments 340,194 151,671 188,523 33,673 32,184 31,498 25,067 66,101 03 .1 .2 28200 Wearing apparel 24,810 9,502 15,308 2,917 2,081 1,929 1,795 6,585 03 .1 .2 28210 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hos 8,289 3,130 5,159 1,715 665 458 846 1,475 03 .1 .2 28221 Men's or boys' suits, coats, jackets, trousers, sh 1,429 246 1,184 99 79 0 0 1,006 03 .1 .2 2822499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, petticoats, pan 109 37 71 66 0 0 5 0 03 .1 .2 2822501 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or cro 619 517 102 0 0 102 0 0 03 .1 .2 28227 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted 62,730 21,289 41,441 7,722 6,096 5,433 3,775 18,415 03 .1 .2 2823101 uniform 71,247 30,394 40,854 7,408 7,974 7,619 6,905 10,947 03 .1 .2 2823201 Men's or boys' shirts, singlets, underpants, pyjam 76,575 40,864 35,711 6,891 7,508 6,528 7,365 7,419 03 .1 .2 2823301 Women's or girls' suits, coats, jackets, dresses, 33,643 16,997 16,647 1,993 939 2,226 1,615 9,873 03 .1 .2 2823499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, singlets, petti 132 0 132 132 0 0 0 0 03 .1 .2 28235 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, of text 524 0 524 0 524 0 0 0 03 .1 .2 2823701 Brassieres, girdles, corsets 15,738 7,651 8,087 1,576 1,579 984 804 3,144 03 .1 .2 28330 Artificial fur and articles thereof (except headge 46046004600 03 .1 .2 3219301 Garments of paper, etc. 44,304 21,046 23,258 3,152 4,739 6,173 1,957 7,236 03 .1 .3 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessorie 1,409 465 945 387 192 197 169 0 03 .1 .3 2635001 Cotton sewing thread 68 15 53 0 53 0 0 0 03 .1 .3 27912 Tulles and other net fabrics, except woven, knitte 23023002300 03 .1 .3 2823801 Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarves, veils, ties, crava 1,242 430 812 387 105 173 147 0 03 .1 .3 3626002 Clothing accessories of rubber 61 5 56 0 34 0 23 0 03 .1 .3 4299701 Clasps, buckles, press-studs, etc. 1515000000 03 .1 .4 Repair and hire of clothing 232 232 0 0 0 0 0 0 03 .1 .4 9713001 Other cleaning services for garments 232 232 0 0 0 0 0 0 03 .2 Footwear 88,160 33,240 54,920 10,262 10,094 7,116 8,101 19,346 03 .2 .1 Shoes and other footwear 88,160 33,240 54,920 10,262 10,094 7,116 8,101 19,346 03 .2 .1 2932099 Footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or 338 244 94 0 21 40 34 0 03 .2 .1 2933099 Footwear with uppers of leather, other than sports 33,902 13,913 19,989 3,625 3,252 2,625 2,667 7,819 03 .2 .1 2934099 Footwear with uppers of textile materials, other t 34,371 10,923 23,448 4,691 4,140 3,452 3,619 7,546

Page 163 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 03 .2 .1 29420 Other sports footwear of CPC 29420 19,038 7,649 11,389 1,946 2,681 999 1,781 3,981 03 .2 .1 29520 Wooden footwear, miscellaneous special footwear an 510 510 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 1,661,246 1,059,246 602,000 105,748 131,930 88,202 74,992 201,127 04 .1 Actual rentals for housing 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .1 .1 Actual rentals paid by tenants 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .1 .1 7211101 Actual rents for main residences 621,988 607,469 14,519 4,971 2,899 3,900 2,749 0 04 .3 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 172,345 32,651 139,693 24,097 25,870 10,311 11,323 68,092 04 .3 .1 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of 40,034 8,649 31,385 7,921 4,459 1,389 4,079 13,537 04 .3 .1 3141099 Plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood 451 151 300 0 0 0 87 213 04 .3 .1 3511001 Paints, varnishes, etc. for household use 38,278 8,393 29,886 7,559 4,335 1,389 3,572 13,029 04 .3 .1 3623001 Rubber pipes and other such plumbing articles 420 0 420 0 0 0 420 0 04 .3 .1 3744001 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and 885 104 780 362 124 0 0 295 04 .3 .2 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of 132,311 24,003 108,308 16,176 21,411 8,921 7,244 54,555 04 .3 .2 5411101 Repair and maintenance of buildings - one and two- 128,897 22,942 105,955 16,176 21,411 6,568 7,244 54,555 04 .3 .2 54112 Repair and maintenance of buildings - multi-dwelli 1,061 1,061 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 .3 .2 54611 Electrical wiring and fitting services 2,353 0 2,353 0 0 2,353 0 0 04 .4 Other services relating to the dwelling 151,233 144,533 6,700 997 3,694 863 0 1,146 04 .4 .1 Refuse collection 133,975 129,413 4,561 554 3,307 700 0 0 04 .4 .1 69210 Water, except steam and hot water, distribution se 133,975 129,413 4,561 554 3,307 700 0 0 04 .4 .2 Sewerage services 17,258 15,120 2,139 443 386 163 0 1,146 04 .4 .2 94211 Non-hazardous waste collection services 17,258 15,120 2,139 443 386 163 0 1,146 04 .5 Electricity, gas and other fuels 715,680 274,593 441,087 75,683 99,467 73,128 60,920 131,889 04 .5 .1 Electricity 548,660 211,829 336,831 59,870 75,671 57,484 45,851 97,956 04 .5 .1 69110 Electricity transmission and distribution services 548,660 211,829 336,831 59,870 75,671 57,484 45,851 97,956 04 .5 .2 Gas 90,352 49,140 41,212 3,920 8,056 8,008 6,500 14,727 04 .5 .2 69120 Gas distribution services through mains 90,352 49,140 41,212 3,920 8,056 8,008 6,500 14,727 04 .5 .3 Liquid fuels 76,668 13,625 63,043 11,892 15,740 7,636 8,569 19,206 04 .5 .3 3334001 Kerosene 76,668 13,625 63,043 11,892 15,740 7,636 8,569 19,206 05 FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINT 537,008 230,807 306,202 69,639 50,485 37,858 50,430 97,791 05 .1 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets an 136,543 56,053 80,490 18,225 14,473 7,170 12,008 28,615 05 .1 .1 Furniture and furnishings 119,470 50,903 68,566 13,244 12,589 4,375 11,554 26,805 05 .1 .1 29130 Leather for ornamental purposes 70070070000 05 .1 .1 38112 Seats, primarily with wooden frames 1212000000 05 .1 .1 3811999 Other seats 2,246 562 1,684 230 531 156 346 421 05 .1 .1 3813099 Other wooden furniture, of a kind used in the kitc 5,410 4,734 676 0 0 43 633 0 05 .1 .1 3814099 Other furniture of the household type 83,376 38,621 44,756 6,839 8,232 2,541 6,490 20,654 05 .1 .1 3815099 Mattress supports; mattresses, fitted with springs 28,356 6,975 21,381 6,175 3,755 1,634 4,086 5,730 05 .1 .2 Carpets and other floor coverings 15,111 4,761 10,350 4,174 1,881 2,096 454 1,745 05 .1 .2 2714002 Sets of woven fabrics and yarn for making up into 235 15 220 30 118 59 14 0 05 .1 .2 27210 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted 40 18 22 0 0 22 0 0 05 .1 .2 3893099 linoleum floor cover, tharafaalu, etc. 14,836 4,728 10,108 4,144 1,763 2,015 440 1,745 05 .1 .3 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverin 1,962 388 1,574 807 3 699 0 64 05 .1 .3 8724099 Furniture repair services 1,962 388 1,574 807 3 699 0 64

Page 164 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

05 .2 Household textiles 19,732 10,379 9,353 1,860 1,983 1,085 1,831 2,594 05 .2 .1 Household textiles 19,732 10,379 9,353 1,860 1,983 1,085 1,831 2,594 05 .2 .1 27120 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen l 14,127 7,403 6,724 1,228 1,339 717 1,178 2,262 05 .2 .1 2713099 Curtains (including drapes) and interior blinds; c 5,605 2,976 2,629 632 644 368 653 333 05 .3 Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, was 126,721 56,297 70,424 12,087 13,884 10,323 16,146 17,983 05 .3 .1 Major household appliances whether electric or not 114,607 50,987 63,620 11,381 12,515 9,103 15,243 15,379 05 .3 .1 4391201 Household type air conditioning machines 4,428 2,174 2,254 0 2,254 0 0 0 05 .3 .1 44621 Ironing and pressing machines 1,043 601 443 102 88 85 117 50 05 .3 .1 4481101 Refrigerators, household type, electric or non-ele 24,796 10,236 14,560 1,743 2,102 2,282 4,454 3,979 05 .3 .1 4481103 Freezers, household type, electric or non-electric 41041000041 05 .3 .1 4481201 Dishwashing machines and clothes or linen washing 26,877 12,623 14,254 3,428 2,953 1,802 3,494 2,576 05 .3 .1 4481401 Household sewing machines 14,777 6,845 7,932 1,270 421 1,266 1,896 3,079 05 .3 .1 4481402 Knitting machines 1,467 0 1,467 0 503 0 241 723 05 .3 .1 4481501 Ventilators and extractor hoods 14,641 5,545 9,096 2,189 1,681 1,090 2,054 2,082 05 .3 .1 4481601 Vacuum cleaners ,floor polishers, kitchen waste di 4,409 1,454 2,956 903 759 189 439 666 05 .3 .1 4481701 Ovens, microwave ovens, cookers; water and space h 4,666 1,900 2,766 334 271 605 459 1,097 05 .3 .1 4482101 Non-electric cooking and heating apparatus 15,852 8,666 7,185 1,307 1,374 1,736 2,088 681 05 .3 .1 44822 Parts of vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, water h 60660000 05 .3 .1 4482201 Stove 1,419 758 660 99 109 47 0 405 05 .3 .1 44824 heaters, etc. 184 184 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 .3 .2 Small electric household appliances 12,064 5,260 6,803 706 1,369 1,221 903 2,605 05 .3 .2 4481602 Food mixers, coffee makers, toasters, irons and th 11,125 4,771 6,355 706 1,369 1,058 855 2,367 05 .3 .2 4481703 Rice Cooker 938 489 449 0 0 163 48 238 05 .3 .3 Repair of household appliances 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 .3 .3 87159 Maintenance and repair services of machinery and e 5050000000 05 .4 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 7,392 3,200 4,192 1,013 768 802 724 886 05 .4 .1 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 7,392 3,200 4,192 1,013 768 802 724 886 05 .4 .1 3191201 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood 33000000 05 .4 .1 3722101 Tableware, kitchenware, etc. 1,183 743 440 144 101 52 91 52 05 .4 .1 42912 Table, kitchen or other household articles and par 1,264 604 660 252 38 7 104 259 05 .4 .1 42913 Knives (except for machines) and scissors, and bla 2,436 553 1,883 468 302 401 296 416 05 .4 .1 4291301 Table knives and kitchen knives 97 0 97 57 0 40 0 0 05 .4 .1 4291601 Spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fis 2,409 1,297 1,112 92 327 301 233 159 05 .5 Tools and equipment for house and garden 13,439 7,243 6,195 1,867 429 1,139 556 2,205 05 .5 .1 Major tools and equipment 11,169 6,272 4,897 1,339 298 901 316 2,043 05 .5 .1 4322001 Water pumps for gardens 11,169 6,272 4,897 1,339 298 901 316 2,043 05 .5 .2 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 2,270 972 1,298 527 131 238 240 162 05 .5 .2 3694002 Watering cans 1,099 433 665 213 49 125 184 94 05 .5 .2 4292102 Hand tools 493 221 273 40 82 27 56 68 05 .5 .2 4621201 Fuses, circuit breakers, switches, lamp holders, p 301 301 0 0 0 0 0 0

Page 165 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .5 .2 4641099 Primary cells and primary batteries 64 16 48 48 0 0 0 0 05 .5 .2 4993001 Wheel barrows and the like 313 0 313 226 0 87 0 0 05 .6 Goods and services for routine household maintenan 233,182 97,636 135,547 34,587 18,949 17,339 19,164 45,507 05 .6 .1 Non-durable household goods 217,502 85,741 131,761 34,587 18,949 13,553 19,164 45,507 05 .6 .1 24120 Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured, of any 10010010000 05 .6 .1 33330 White spirit 63,233 19,304 43,930 14,580 2,498 349 9,266 17,237 05 .6 .1 3462099 Insecticides, fungicides, disinfectants, etc. for 27,252 17,530 9,722 2,513 1,627 836 912 3,834 05 .6 .1 3532202 Detergents and washing preparations 88,981 35,842 53,140 13,098 10,408 8,473 6,236 14,925 05 .6 .1 3533101 Preparations for perfuming or deodorizing rooms 1,018 279 740 316 372 0 51 0 05 .6 .1 3633002 Plastic foil, sheets, etc. not adhesive 66000000 05 .6 .1 3891101 Tailor's chalks 28,118 8,495 19,623 3,620 3,210 3,466 2,259 7,067 05 .6 .1 3899302 Household brushes, mops, etc. 7,123 2,570 4,554 448 824 429 440 2,414 05 .6 .1 3899801 Matches 10100001 05 .6 .1 3899903 Candles 155 111 44 14 0 0 0 30 05 .6 .1 4299904 Hangers, aluminium knitting needles 1,606 1,606 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 .6 .2 Domestic services and home care services 15,680 11,895 3,786 0 0 3,786 0 0 05 .6 .2 98000 Domestic services 15,680 11,895 3,786 0 0 3,786 0 0 06 HEALTH 665,147 250,512 414,634 36,952 99,327 86,734 76,543 115,078 06 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 133,682 33,390 100,292 20,284 18,259 11,710 18,179 31,860 06 .1 .1 Medical products, appliances and equipment 133,682 33,390 100,292 20,284 18,259 11,710 18,179 31,860 06 .1 .1 3526001 Medicaments for humans 118,096 28,354 89,742 17,930 14,430 11,471 15,625 30,285 06 .1 .1 35290 Other pharmaceutical products or articles for medi 9,876 2,151 7,725 2,352 3,828 238 0 1,307 06 .1 .1 3627006 Condoms and other hygienic articles 15015201111 06 .1 .1 4825301 Alcohol breath tests 2,552 0 2,552 0 0 0 2,552 0 06 .1 .1 4831201 Corrective eye-glasses 3,142 2,885 258 0 0 0 0 258 06 .2 Out-patient services 449,332 161,320 288,012 15,538 80,706 71,594 51,541 68,633 06 .2 .1 Medical services 88,059 26,874 61,185 5,899 11,423 28,906 3,025 11,932 06 .2 .1 9312102 General medical services 88,059 26,874 61,185 5,899 11,423 28,906 3,025 11,932 06 .2 .2 Dental services 23,272 22,211 1,060 467 0 474 90 30 06 .2 .2 93123 Dental services 23,272 22,211 1,060 467 0 474 90 30 06 .2 .3 Paramedical services 338,002 112,235 225,767 9,172 69,283 42,214 48,426 56,671 06 .2 .3 9312202 medical consulting 335,766 109,999 225,767 9,172 69,283 42,214 48,426 56,671 06 .2 .3 93191 Deliveries and related services, nursing services, 1,749 1,749 0 0 0 0 0 0 06 .2 .3 9319999 Other human health services n.e.c. 487 487 0 0 0 0 0 0 06 .3 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 06 .3 .1 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 06 .3 .1 9311099 Hospital services 82,132 55,802 26,330 1,130 362 3,430 6,824 14,584 07 TRANSPORT 528,063 264,301 263,763 61,539 47,824 33,962 38,174 82,264 07 .1 Purchase of vehicles 203,454 113,505 89,949 36,925 17,099 9,161 5,121 21,643 07 .1 .1 Motor cars 37,343 12,743 24,600 0 13,688 0 0 10,913 07 .1 .1 4911301 Motor cars 23,656 12,743 10,913 0 0 0 0 10,913

Page 166 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

07 .1 .1 4911401 Pickup / Lorry 13,688 0 13,688 0 13,688 0 0 0 07 .1 .2 Motor cycles 106,167 91,349 14,818 5,099 0 3,792 1,877 4,051 07 .1 .2 4991101 Cycle 106,167 91,349 14,818 5,099 0 3,792 1,877 4,051 07 .1 .3 Bicycles 27,069 9,327 17,743 6,168 2,103 1,014 2,981 5,477 07 .1 .3 49921 Bicycles and other cycles, not motorised 173 173 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 .1 .3 4992101 Bicycle 26,572 9,154 17,418 6,168 2,103 689 2,981 5,477 07 .1 .3 4993002 Rickshaws 325 0 325 0 0 325 0 0 07 .1 .4 Boats of all kinds 32,875 86 32,788 25,658 1,309 4,355 263 1,204 07 .1 .4 4931401 Dhoani / Speed boat 32,875 86 32,788 25,658 1,309 4,355 263 1,204 07 .2 Operation of personal transport equipment 9,208 4,496 4,711 583 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .1 Spares parts and accessories 248 16 232 232 0 0 0 0 07 .2 .1 4299905 Bicycle bells 1616000000 07 .2 .1 4323001 Air pumps for vehicles 232 0 232 232 0 0 0 0 07 .2 .2 Fuels and lubricants 6,221 1,742 4,480 351 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .2 3331001 Petrol, motor gasolene 6,221 1,742 4,480 351 2,743 0 308 1,077 07 .2 .4 Other services in respect of personal transport eq 2,738 2,738 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 .2 .4 7211202 Permanent hire of garages or parking spaces for pu 2,738 2,738 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 .3 Transports services 315,402 146,300 169,102 24,031 27,982 24,801 32,745 59,543 07 .3 .2 Passenger transport by road 73,865 38,428 35,437 2,365 1,486 2,300 8,183 21,103 07 .3 .2 6421102 Transportation by motor-bus and trolley-bus 4848000000 07 .3 .2 6422101 Taxi services 69,763 38,380 31,383 2,365 1,486 2,300 4,129 21,103 07 .3 .2 64223 Rental services of buses and coaches with operator 4,054 0 4,054 0 0 0 4,054 0 07 .3 .3 Passenger transport by air 139,432 81,392 58,040 1,987 7,668 11,545 10,037 26,804 07 .3 .3 66110 Scheduled air transport services of passengers 13,211 0 13,211 0 0 252 2,273 10,686 07 .3 .3 66110E Airfare - Education travel 10,907 8,374 2,533 0 1,520 0 272 740 07 .3 .3 66110H Airfare - Religious (Hajj) travel 14,362 11,653 2,708 0 0 2,708 0 0 07 .3 .3 66110L Airfare - Leisure travel 36,854 34,233 2,621 448 0 1,887 286 0 07 .3 .3 66110M Airfare - Medical travel 63,403 26,436 36,967 1,539 6,148 6,697 7,205 15,378 07 .3 .3 66120 Non-scheduled air transport services of passengers 696 696 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 .3 .4 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 102,105 26,480 75,625 19,679 18,828 10,957 14,525 11,636 07 .3 .4 6511101 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services 25,493 13,153 12,341 1,593 1,783 4,402 2,943 1,619 07 .3 .4 6511901 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport ser 76,611 13,327 63,284 18,086 17,045 6,555 11,582 10,017 08 COMMUNICATIONS 483,908 305,228 178,680 42,011 39,423 22,046 14,380 60,820 08 .1 Communications 2,800 1,381 1,419 570 242 46 490 72 08 .1 .1 Postal services 2,800 1,381 1,419 570 242 46 490 72 08 .1 .1 68111 Postal services related to letters 1,087 592 494 253 169 0 0 72 08 .1 .1 68112 Postal services related to parcels 1,714 789 925 316 72 46 490 0 08 .2 Telephone and telefax equipment 54,290 20,769 33,521 11,658 4,444 2,793 4,099 10,528 08 .2 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 54,290 20,769 33,521 11,658 4,444 2,793 4,099 10,528 08 .2 .1 4721101 Mobile phones 46,904 17,023 29,880 10,677 4,444 2,793 4,099 7,868 08 .2 .1 4722001 Telephones, telefax machines 7,387 3,746 3,641 981 0 0 0 2,660

Page 167 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

08 .3 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 426,817 283,078 143,739 29,783 34,738 19,208 9,791 50,220 08 .3 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 426,817 283,078 143,739 29,783 34,738 19,208 9,791 50,220 08 .3 .1 8411002 Wired telecommunications services 226,881 151,093 75,788 15,198 10,697 3,578 1,399 44,915 08 .3 .1 8412001 Telephone card - mobile 199,936 131,985 67,951 14,585 24,040 15,629 8,391 5,305 09 RECREATION AND CULTURE 522,067 246,553 275,514 65,845 48,126 43,084 40,400 78,058 09 .1 Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equ 245,000 138,137 106,863 30,491 23,770 17,691 15,159 19,752 09 .1 .1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reprodu 149,473 75,164 74,309 24,398 14,980 11,678 11,598 11,656 09 .1 .1 4722002 Building surveillance equipment 54,256 31,165 23,091 10,112 5,487 5,617 1,875 0 09 .1 .1 4722003 Fax machine 156 156 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .1 .1 4731101 Radio 6,345 1,936 4,408 811 1,382 404 901 909 09 .1 .1 4731301 Cable TV 28,527 19,501 9,027 1,010 1,238 1,313 610 4,856 09 .1 .1 4731302 Dish Antennae 3,960 1,968 1,992 879 0 0 549 564 09 .1 .1 4731304 Television receivers, whether or not combined with 4,607 4,607 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .1 .1 4732101 Compact Set 24,074 5,910 18,164 5,322 3,566 2,572 5,486 1,219 09 .1 .1 4732102 CD Player 1,833 344 1,488 311 0 114 422 641 09 .1 .1 4732301 Video cassette players and recorders 25,683 9,544 16,139 5,953 3,307 1,657 1,756 3,466 09 .1 .1 4733102 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers; hea 3333000000 09 .1 .2 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and opt 12,004 5,675 6,328 300 1,736 145 1,965 2,183 09 .1 .2 4832201 Camera 12,004 5,675 6,328 300 1,736 145 1,965 2,183 09 .1 .3 Data processing equipment 75,553 54,227 21,327 5,110 5,166 5,455 965 4,631 09 .1 .3 45130 Calculating machines including pocket calculators 113 0 113 0 0 113 0 0 09 .1 .3 4523001 Computer 74,665 53,995 20,670 5,110 4,885 5,342 965 4,369 09 .1 .3 4526001 Printer 282 0 282 0 282 0 0 0 09 .1 .3 4526003 Computer CD 116 116 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .1 .3 45270 Storage units 378 116 262 0 0 0 0 262 09 .1 .4 Recording media for pictures and sound 7,970 3,071 4,899 683 1,888 413 631 1,283 09 .1 .4 4751001 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording or s 7,970 3,071 4,899 683 1,888 413 631 1,283 09 .2 Other major durables for recreation and culture, i 23,695 4,349 19,347 6,646 2,333 945 5,084 4,339 09 .2 .1 Other major durables for recreation and culture 4,231 0 4,231 3,890 0 3 338 0 09 .2 .1 2716002 Sails for boats 30300300 09 .2 .1 4311001 Outboard motors for boats 4,228 0 4,228 3,890 0 0 338 0 09 .2 .2 Repair of other major durables for recreation and 19,464 4,349 15,116 2,756 2,333 942 4,746 4,339 09 .2 .2 87149 Repair of pleasure boats, sports boats and private 19,464 4,349 15,116 2,756 2,333 942 4,746 4,339 09 .3 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens an 78,536 25,514 53,022 8,682 10,685 7,382 9,172 17,100 09 .3 .1 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camp 75,677 24,002 51,674 8,503 9,918 7,363 9,051 16,839 09 .3 .1 3260001 Albums 27,354 6,976 20,378 3,099 3,334 3,566 3,264 7,116 09 .3 .1 3856099 Other toys (including toy musical instruments) 23,482 6,700 16,782 2,576 3,500 2,024 1,537 7,145 09 .3 .1 3857001 Playing cards 33000000 09 .3 .1 3858001 Video games of a kind used 9,852 6,042 3,810 360 565 1,084 100 1,701 09 .3 .1 4752003 Game software for use in PCs and for playing conso 14,986 4,281 10,705 2,469 2,519 689 4,150 878 09 .3 .2 Gardens, plants and flowers 1,679 412 1,267 179 767 20 121 180

Page 168 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .3 .2 2718002 Sleeping bags 461 345 116 0 91 20 6 0 09 .3 .2 3844002 Other articles and equipment for sports or outdoor 856 0 856 179 676 0 0 0 09 .3 .2 3892102 Whips, riding-crops and the like 252 0 252 0 0 0 72 180 09 .3 .2 4482103 Camping stoves 110 67 43 0 0 0 43 0 09 .3 .3 Pets and related products 1,060 1,060 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .3 .3 0151099 Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and 1,060 1,060 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .3 .4 Veterinary and other services for pets 121 40 81 0 0 0 0 81 09 .3 .4 23310 Pet food 4040000000 09 .3 .4 4481603 Hair clippers for animals 81081000081 09 .4 Recreational and cultural services 51,338 30,658 20,680 2,776 2,885 2,725 831 11,464 09 .4 .1 Sporting and recreational services 8,621 8,580 42 0 0 34 7 0 09 .4 .1 9652099 Sports and recreational sports facility operation 446 446 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .4 .1 9662099 Services of sports and games schools: services of 2,041 1,999 42 0 0 34 7 0 09 .4 .1 9723002 Services of fitness centres 6,135 6,135 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .4 .2 Cultural services 42,716 22,078 20,638 2,776 2,885 2,690 823 11,464 09 .4 .2 7322099 Leasing or rental services concerning video tape 10,503 6,489 4,015 760 481 777 82 1,914 09 .4 .2 83811 Portrait photography services 7,436 2,724 4,712 393 0 179 159 3,982 09 .4 .2 83820 Photography processing services 18,110 9,022 9,088 1,420 1,606 936 583 4,544 09 .4 .2 9615199 Motion picture projection services 6,667 3,844 2,823 203 797 798 0 1,024 09 .5 Newspapers, books and stationery 123,497 47,895 75,602 17,251 8,453 14,341 10,155 25,403 09 .5 .1 Books 109,204 40,327 68,878 15,778 7,035 13,647 9,709 22,708 09 .5 .1 3223099 Printed books (except dictionaries and encyclopaed 109,180 40,302 68,878 15,778 7,035 13,647 9,709 22,708 09 .5 .1 86921 Printing services and services related to printing 2525000000 09 .5 .2 Newspapers and periodicals 10,797 6,289 4,508 1,178 680 505 115 2,029 09 .5 .2 3230099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing at 5,403 3,721 1,682 549 0 39 72 1,022 09 .5 .2 3240099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing le 5,394 2,568 2,826 629 680 466 43 1,007 09 .5 .3 Miscellaneous printed matter 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 09 .5 .3 32540 Printed pictures, designs and photographs 3030000000 09 .5 .4 Stationery and drawing materials 3,466 1,249 2,217 295 739 188 330 665 09 .5 .4 3212901 Other uncoated paper and paperboard; of a kind use 6057300300 09 .5 .4 3214201 Paper and paperboard, creped, crinkled, embossed o 1,029 621 408 83 72 36 17 199 09 .5 .4 3542004 Glues for stationery products 2,364 571 1,793 208 664 149 312 460 09 .5 .4 3692002 Stationery material of a width not exceeding 20 cm 1001003007 09 .5 .4 3891102 Pens, duplicating stylos, pencils, pen-holders, pe 40440000 10 EDUCATION 394,778 243,827 150,951 28,907 25,418 30,213 14,840 51,574 10 .1 Educational services 394,778 243,827 150,951 28,907 25,418 30,213 14,840 51,574 10 .1 .1 Pre-primary and primary education 128,191 50,037 78,153 18,837 12,652 19,215 5,867 21,582 10 .1 .1 92110 Pre-school education services 22,528 6,911 15,616 5,006 2,713 2,559 303 5,035 10 .1 .1 9219001 Other primary education services 105,663 43,126 62,537 13,831 9,938 16,656 5,564 16,547 10 .1 .2 Secondary education 95,497 62,372 33,125 4,357 8,469 7,286 3,732 9,281 10 .1 .2 9221001 General secondary education services 95,448 62,324 33,125 4,357 8,469 7,286 3,732 9,281 10 .1 .2 92230 Technical and vocational secondary education servi 4848000000 10 .1 .3 Tertiary education 34,658 21,139 13,519 446 242 804 1,065 10,963 10 .1 .3 92220 Higher secondary education services 20,587 9,792 10,795 0 242 147 1,065 9,341

Page 169 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 10 .1 .3 92310 Post-secondary technical and vocational education 14,072 11,347 2,724 446 0 657 0 1,622 10 .1 .4 Education not definable by level 136,432 110,278 26,154 5,266 4,055 2,908 4,176 9,748 10 .1 .4 92900 Other education and training services 136,432 110,278 26,154 5,266 4,055 2,908 4,176 9,748 11 HOTELS, CAFS AND RESTAURANTS 170,545 126,439 44,106 2,914 4,493 32,066 565 4,069 11 .1 Catering services 73,986 60,295 13,691 183 0 9,089 350 4,069 11 .1 .1 Restaurants, caf‚s, take-aways and the like 73,986 60,295 13,691 183 0 9,089 350 4,069 11 .1 .1 6329001 Lunch packet 3,992 3,992 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 .1 .1 6329002 Eating in hotel 30,635 19,759 10,876 0 0 9,089 350 1,437 11 .1 .1 6329003 Eating in restaurent 39,360 36,544 2,815 183 0 0 0 2,632 11 .2 Accommodation services 96,559 66,144 30,415 2,730 4,493 22,977 215 0 11 .2 .1 Accommodation services 96,559 66,144 30,415 2,730 4,493 22,977 215 0 11 .2 .1 6319199 Holiday centre and holiday home services 70,500 66,100 4,400 968 0 3,217 215 0 11 .2 .1 63199 Other lodging services n.e.c. 26,059 44 26,015 1,762 4,493 19,760 0 0 12 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 560,499 251,569 308,930 75,567 50,818 44,309 39,986 98,250 12 .1 Personal care 494,994 205,608 289,386 63,424 50,818 42,503 34,979 97,663 12 .1 .1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establis 18,167 12,630 5,537 705 963 555 514 2,801 12 .1 .1 9721001 Hairdressing and barbers' services 16,498 10,979 5,519 705 963 544 507 2,801 12 .1 .1 9722099 Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring serv 1,669 1,651 18 0 0 11 7 0 12 .1 .2 Appliances, articles and products for personal car 15,085 5,797 9,288 2,387 1,920 924 977 3,080 12 .1 .2 8715102 Repair of personal care appliances 15,085 5,797 9,288 2,387 1,920 924 977 3,080 12 .1 .3 Personal care services n.e.c. 461,742 187,181 274,561 60,332 47,936 41,024 33,488 91,781 12 .1 .3 3219305 sanitary pads, etc. 31,426 14,400 17,027 4,285 2,342 2,530 1,629 6,242 12 .1 .3 3532101 Toilet soaps 34,842 12,560 22,282 6,123 3,655 3,510 2,648 6,346 12 .1 .3 3532301 roll on deodorant stick, etc. 5,326 2,001 3,325 2,051 181 259 77 757 12 .1 .3 3532302 calamine, lotion, etc. 68,601 23,559 45,042 9,806 8,116 7,320 5,790 14,008 12 .1 .3 3532303 body spray, etc. 10,879 5,063 5,816 1,365 1,395 858 683 1,516 12 .1 .3 3532304 baby eude cologne, etc. 24,498 9,398 15,100 2,783 2,489 1,644 1,499 6,684 12 .1 .3 3532305 gandu fuh dhalhu, face powder, etc. 21,445 6,014 15,432 3,446 2,020 2,383 2,830 4,754 12 .1 .3 3532306 facial cream, etc. 11,804 4,204 7,600 1,654 1,425 1,173 938 2,410 12 .1 .3 3532309 vaseline hair cream, etc. 22,101 6,407 15,695 3,653 4,248 2,075 2,105 3,614 12 .1 .3 3532314 perfume, etc. 65,503 38,007 27,495 5,008 5,641 5,250 2,036 9,561 12 .1 .3 3532316 shampoo, etc. 54,271 18,598 35,674 7,576 6,592 5,213 4,472 11,821 12 .1 .3 3532318 close-up, tooth paste, etc. 28,672 11,492 17,180 3,749 2,616 2,481 2,410 5,924 12 .1 .3 3532320 lip stick, etc. 10,558 4,852 5,706 1,970 819 811 311 1,795 12 .1 .3 3532321 after shave, etc. 4,242 1,474 2,768 375 261 263 655 1,214 12 .1 .3 3532322 shaving foam, etc. 11,317 5,317 6,000 687 833 1,098 608 2,774 12 .1 .3 3532336 Cutex 459 150 309 28 0 56 30 195 12 .1 .3 3532337 Hair oil 2,765 1,133 1,632 175 274 382 301 501 12 .1 .3 3532338 Facial Wash 9,795 5,028 4,767 761 824 539 949 1,695 12 .1 .3 3532399 perfume and toilet preparations 183 137 45 45 0 0 0 0 12 .1 .3 3899305 Toothbrushes 18,244 6,519 11,725 2,466 1,621 1,366 1,690 4,582 12 .1 .3 3899306 Hairbrushes, etc. for personal care 403 234 168 30 29 43 64 3 12 .1 .3 3899403 Combs 13,831 6,620 7,211 932 749 823 1,315 3,392

Page 170 Table 32.1 Total Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP (for CPI weights) (Rf per day) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 12 .1 .3 4291402 Razors and razor blades (including razor blade bla 10,536 3,973 6,562 1,364 1,806 947 449 1,996 12 .1 .3 4291503 Hair clippers, nail files, etc. 4040000000 12 .2 Personal effects n.e.c. 15,692 4,341 11,351 10,855 0 437 31 28 12 .2 .2 Other personal effects 15,692 4,341 11,351 10,855 0 437 31 28 12 .2 .2 2922004 Luggage, handbags and the like, of leather, compos 388 388 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 .2 .2 3693002 Bath tubs for children 512 512 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 .2 .2 3719302 Ashtrays 358 209 149 53 0 45 24 28 12 .2 .2 3899402 Lighters, pipes, cigar and cigarette holders 80800080 12 .2 .2 4831203 Sun-glasses 1,277 1,277 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 .2 .2 99999 Other personal effects 13,149 1,955 11,195 10,802 0 392 0 0 12 .3 Social protection services 2,327 493 1,834 609 0 143 522 560 12 .3 .1 Social protection services 2,327 493 1,834 609 0 143 522 560 12 .3 .1 3824002 Jewellery, except those acquired primarily as stor 117 85 33 0 0 0 0 33 12 .3 .1 3899701 Imitation jewellery 1,077 408 669 72 0 39 30 527 12 .3 .1 4841001 wrist watch, etc. 596 0 596 0 0 104 492 0 12 .3 .1 4842002 Household clocks 537 0 537 537 0 0 0 0 12 .4 Insurance 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .4 .4 Insurance connected with transport 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .4 .4 7133101 Motor vehicle insurance services 1,226 0 1,226 0 0 1,226 0 0 12 .6 Other services n.e.c. 46,260 41,127 5,132 678 0 0 4,454 0 12 .6 .1 Other services n.e.c. 46,260 41,127 5,132 678 0 0 4,454 0 12 .6 .1 85940 Duplicating services 365 365 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 .6 .1 9111101 Fees for administrative documents 9,294 8,103 1,191 0 0 0 1,191 0 12 .6 .1 9332901 Marriage guidance services 36,601 32,659 3,941 678 0 0 3,263 0 13 RELIGIOUS SERVICES 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 Religion 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 .1 Religion 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0 13 .3 .1 9591099 Religious services 10,313 9,617 696 0 0 696 0 0

Page 171 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

TOTAL HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE ON GOODS AND SERVICES 100.000 46.800 53.200 10.763 11.315 8.649 7.208 15.265 01 FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 31.949 11.532 20.417 4.462 4.832 3.139 2.754 5.230 01 Food 29.768 10.808 18.960 4.078 4.521 2.993 2.552 4.815 01 Bread and cereals 6.697 2.019 4.679 1.038 1.060 0.682 0.708 1.190 01 0112099 Maize (corn) 0.005 0.001 0.005 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.001 01 .1 2311001 Aata flour, aata fuh 1.387 0.369 1.018 0.228 0.202 0.133 0.194 0.262 01 .1 .1 2312099 Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2315001 Baby cereal foods, cerelac, nestum etc 0.152 0.125 0.027 0.006 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.017 01 .1 .1 2315002 Corn flakes 0.072 0.059 0.013 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.006 0.003 01 .1 .1 2315003 Bimbi, millet 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2315099 Other cereal grain products (including corn flakes 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2316001 Baiy, handoo 2.194 0.583 1.611 0.359 0.375 0.235 0.263 0.378 01 .1 .1 2342001 Biscuits 1.142 0.222 0.921 0.199 0.256 0.136 0.106 0.222 01 .1 .1 2342002 Apollo 0.010 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.010 01 .1 .1 2343001 Bread 0.490 0.327 0.163 0.007 0.036 0.022 0.009 0.088 01 .1 .1 2343002 Buns, round, long etc, hus banas 0.202 0.086 0.116 0.012 0.024 0.020 0.007 0.053 01 .1 .1 2343004 Faaroshi, hikki banas 0.416 0.066 0.350 0.091 0.104 0.042 0.059 0.054 01 .1 .1 2343005 Cake 0.024 0.017 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.005 01 .1 .1 2371001 Macaroni, spagetti uncooked 0.087 0.038 0.050 0.015 0.001 0.016 0.004 0.013 01 .1 .1 2371002 Noodles uncooked 0.502 0.116 0.385 0.120 0.051 0.075 0.056 0.083 01 .1 .1 2371099 Uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 2372002 Noodles cooked 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .1 Meat 0.885 0.581 0.304 0.059 0.065 0.054 0.027 0.098 01 .1 .1 0212299 Poultry, live 0.093 0.034 0.059 0.013 0.026 0.000 0.020 0.000 01 .1 .1 2111201 Beef Frozen 0.051 0.033 0.018 0.000 0.009 0.006 0.000 0.004 01 .1 .2 2112201 Chicken and chicken products frozen 0.630 0.414 0.216 0.041 0.029 0.044 0.007 0.094 01 .1 .2 2112202 Sausage, chicken 0.111 0.099 0.011 0.005 0.002 0.005 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .2 Fish 4.196 1.808 2.388 0.633 0.591 0.446 0.262 0.456 01 .1 .2 0411099 Fish, live 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .2 0412001 Kalhubila mas, Skipjack tuna fresh or chilled 2.219 1.024 1.195 0.422 0.249 0.098 0.143 0.283 01 .1 .3 0412002 Mushimas fresh or chilled 0.035 0.013 0.022 0.007 0.000 0.004 0.012 0.000 01 .1 .3 0412003 Giulhu, hibaru, maniya,vella fresh or chilled 0.168 0.076 0.091 0.008 0.036 0.031 0.005 0.011 01 .1 .3 0412004 Boavadhila mas, cuttle fish fresh or chilled 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2123001 Dried Fish, hikki mas 0.136 0.026 0.109 0.040 0.021 0.022 0.008 0.018 01 .1 .3 2123002 Smoked fish, valho mas 0.281 0.177 0.104 0.019 0.028 0.008 0.024 0.025 01 .1 .3 2123003 Mas packets sa;ted or dried 0.050 0.038 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.009 01 .1 .3 2124001 Canned fish 0.680 0.308 0.371 0.060 0.133 0.100 0.033 0.046 01 .1 .3 2124002 Fried fish 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2124003 Fish paste, rihaakuru 0.623 0.141 0.482 0.077 0.123 0.180 0.038 0.064 01 .1 .3 2124099 Other Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved; cavia 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .3 2125002 Cuttle fish, bovadhila mas, frozen 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 172 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .3 Milk, cheese and eggs 5.973 2.199 3.773 0.762 0.746 0.586 0.488 1.191 01 .1 .3 0292001 Eggs, chicken 0.798 0.264 0.534 0.111 0.120 0.076 0.049 0.179 01 .1 .3 0292002 Eggs, turtle 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2211001 Processed liquid milk 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2211003 Flavoured milk packed 0.498 0.336 0.162 0.018 0.092 0.015 0.006 0.031 01 .1 .4 2291001 Baby milk powder, enfalac, lactogen, SMA etc 0.022 0.011 0.010 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291002 Baby food, milupa etc 0.008 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291003 Coast milk powder, anchor, nido, etc 3.521 1.099 2.422 0.453 0.446 0.379 0.340 0.804 01 .1 .4 2291004 Horlicks 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2291005 Milo in sold form 0.568 0.188 0.380 0.095 0.054 0.053 0.061 0.117 01 .1 .4 2292001 Condensed milk, geri kiru 0.392 0.164 0.228 0.057 0.034 0.054 0.029 0.054 01 .1 .4 2292099 Other Milk and cream, concentrated or containing a 0.098 0.073 0.025 0.014 0.000 0.007 0.003 0.002 01 .1 .4 2293099 Yoghurt and other fermented or acidified milk and 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .4 2295099 Cheddar, cheese 0.060 0.052 0.008 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.004 01 .1 .4 Oils and fats 1.414 0.441 0.973 0.158 0.243 0.129 0.153 0.290 01 .1 .4 2165001 Cooking oil 1.251 0.365 0.886 0.142 0.228 0.123 0.146 0.247 01 .1 .4 2165099 Soya-bean, ground-nut, olive, sunflower-seed, saff 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .5 2294099 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk 0.160 0.076 0.084 0.013 0.015 0.006 0.007 0.044 01 .1 .5 Fruit 4.115 1.573 2.542 0.488 0.748 0.510 0.284 0.513 01 .1 .5 0131001 Banana, bothiraiy, fus, sampa 0.541 0.197 0.343 0.075 0.094 0.077 0.037 0.059 01 .1 .5 0131002 maalhoskeyo ripe, banana 0.056 0.030 0.026 0.008 0.003 0.006 0.001 0.008 01 .1 .6 0131005 Coconut young, kurumba 0.085 0.064 0.020 0.003 0.013 0.002 0.001 0.001 01 .1 .6 0131006 Coconut , Kaashi 0.667 0.214 0.453 0.090 0.162 0.112 0.064 0.026 01 .1 .6 0131007 mango , huiy, ripe 0.269 0.105 0.164 0.015 0.078 0.048 0.009 0.014 01 .1 .6 0131008 Pineapple, alanaasi 0.071 0.033 0.038 0.002 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.020 01 .1 .6 0131009 Gauva, feyru 0.011 0.007 0.005 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0132001 lemon 0.479 0.178 0.301 0.074 0.074 0.057 0.040 0.055 01 .1 .6 0132002 Orange 0.413 0.144 0.269 0.034 0.079 0.038 0.035 0.083 01 .1 .6 0133099 Grapes, fresh 0.094 0.066 0.028 0.003 0.020 0.003 0.000 0.003 01 .1 .6 0134101 Water Melon, karaa 0.108 0.058 0.049 0.012 0.007 0.028 0.002 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134901 Apple 0.512 0.205 0.307 0.049 0.100 0.043 0.039 0.076 01 .1 .6 0134902 Bilamagu 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134905 Kashikeyo, Srewpine 0.011 0.004 0.007 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.004 01 .1 .6 0134909 Papaya, falho 0.052 0.028 0.024 0.013 0.007 0.002 0.002 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134910 Jumhooree meyva, passion fruit 0.021 0.015 0.006 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134913 Stone apple, kunnaaru 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0134999 Other fruit, fresh n.e.c. 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0135001 Raisins dried 0.044 0.010 0.034 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.031 01 .1 .6 0136001 Badhan, peanuts fresh or dried 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 0136002 Kanamadhu fresh or dried 0.037 0.010 0.027 0.001 0.008 0.008 0.010 0.000 01 .1 .6 2132099 Vegetables provisionally preserved 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 2139004 Fruit preserved in vinegar 0.384 0.100 0.284 0.068 0.063 0.039 0.030 0.083 01 .1 .6 2153002 Cashew nut, peanut, hazlenut roasted salted 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 173 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .6 2153003 Dates, kadhuru 0.060 0.026 0.034 0.005 0.005 0.003 0.000 0.022 01 .1 .6 2154001 Pineapple, canned 0.095 0.039 0.056 0.012 0.025 0.007 0.002 0.011 01 .1 .6 2154002 Fruit cocktail, canned 0.084 0.032 0.052 0.011 0.001 0.012 0.008 0.019 01 .1 .6 2154099 Other Fruit and nuts provisionally preserved 0.013 0.002 0.012 0.006 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .6 Vegetables including potatoes and other tuber vege 2.876 0.974 1.902 0.396 0.512 0.227 0.283 0.485 01 .1 .6 0121001 Potatoes 0.282 0.096 0.186 0.044 0.042 0.012 0.027 0.061 01 .1 .6 0122002 Dhal, red, yellow 0.171 0.059 0.112 0.035 0.019 0.005 0.022 0.031 01 .1 .7 0122099 Other Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123901 Bitter gourd, faaga 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123903 Banbukeyo, bread fruit 0.154 0.040 0.114 0.002 0.100 0.001 0.000 0.011 01 .1 .7 0123904 Cabbage 0.068 0.028 0.040 0.007 0.009 0.005 0.005 0.014 01 .1 .7 0123905 Capsicum, riha mirus 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123908 Chichanda, gourd 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 01 .1 .7 0123910 Cucumber 0.060 0.033 0.027 0.004 0.003 0.008 0.002 0.010 01 .1 .7 0123911 Bashi, eggplant, brinjal 0.067 0.036 0.031 0.015 0.003 0.007 0.005 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123912 Githeyo mirus, green chilly 0.608 0.179 0.429 0.093 0.090 0.064 0.054 0.127 01 .1 .7 0123916 ku'lhafilaa faiy 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123917 Leeks 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123919 Lettuce 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123921 Baraboa, pumpkin 0.054 0.019 0.036 0.007 0.015 0.007 0.003 0.004 01 .1 .7 0123922 Copy faiy, leaf vegetable 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123924 Gourd, thoraa 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123925 Tomato 0.011 0.003 0.008 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.005 01 .1 .7 0123926 Fresh vegetables, mixed 0.332 0.142 0.190 0.018 0.063 0.016 0.078 0.016 01 .1 .7 0123928 Muranga faiy 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0123999 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled n.e.c. 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124001 Ala, olhu, taro 0.028 0.008 0.020 0.004 0.010 0.002 0.000 0.005 01 .1 .7 0124003 Kattala, sweet potato 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124004 Beetroot 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 0124005 Carrot 0.114 0.047 0.067 0.010 0.021 0.013 0.005 0.018 01 .1 .7 0124006 Garlic 0.130 0.040 0.090 0.019 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.038 01 .1 .7 0124007 Ginger 0.056 0.017 0.038 0.013 0.006 0.007 0.004 0.009 01 .1 .7 0124008 Onion 0.609 0.151 0.458 0.112 0.096 0.061 0.060 0.129 01 .1 .7 0124009 Beans, tholhi 0.037 0.019 0.017 0.004 0.010 0.002 0.000 0.001 01 .1 .7 2139001 Baked beans canned 0.057 0.029 0.027 0.003 0.008 0.005 0.006 0.005 01 .1 .7 2139002 Green peas canned 0.007 0.006 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .7 2139099 Other preserved vegetables (including dried vegeta 0.003 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .7 Sugar, jam, honey, syrups, chocolate and confectio 1.868 0.434 1.434 0.350 0.348 0.187 0.241 0.308 01 .1 .7 2152099 Jams, fruit jellies and fruit or nut puree and pas 0.150 0.051 0.099 0.054 0.013 0.004 0.002 0.025 01 .1 .7 2297099 Ice cream and other edible ice 0.007 0.003 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 01 .1 .8 2321003 Glucose 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2321004 Honey, maamui 0.006 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2352001 Sugar, normal 1.584 0.281 1.303 0.294 0.331 0.180 0.231 0.267

Page 174 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 01 .1 .8 2365001 Chocolate 0.030 0.028 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .8 2366001 Chocolate crumpy 0.078 0.061 0.017 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.002 0.011 01 .1 .8 2367001 Bubble gum, chewing gum 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .8 2367002 Jelly 0.012 0.002 0.009 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.001 01 .1 .8 Food products n.e.c. 1.743 0.779 0.964 0.194 0.208 0.172 0.105 0.285 01 .1 .8 0123909 Curry leaves, rambaa faiy 0.049 0.037 0.012 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001 01 .1 .8 0123914 Curry leaves, Hikandhi faiy 0.121 0.062 0.059 0.013 0.013 0.021 0.005 0.007 01 .1 .9 0162001 Cardamon, kaafurutholhi 0.010 0.001 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.007 01 .1 .9 0162002 Chillie packed, dried/ powdered 0.221 0.049 0.172 0.041 0.036 0.027 0.023 0.045 01 .1 .9 0162004 Clove, karanfoo 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 0162005 Coriander, kothanbir 0.026 0.002 0.024 0.003 0.010 0.005 0.002 0.004 01 .1 .9 0162006 Cumin seeds, dhiri 0.080 0.011 0.069 0.012 0.018 0.010 0.005 0.025 01 .1 .9 0162007 Dhaviggandhu, fennel seeds 0.019 0.003 0.016 0.004 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.003 01 .1 .9 0162008 Aseymirus, pepper 0.060 0.014 0.046 0.007 0.016 0.008 0.003 0.011 01 .1 .9 0162009 Reendhoo, turmeric 0.040 0.009 0.030 0.007 0.008 0.004 0.005 0.007 01 .1 .9 0162010 Curry powder, hawaadhu, mixed spices packed / tinn 0.305 0.124 0.182 0.049 0.031 0.017 0.023 0.062 01 .1 .9 1620001 Lonu fuh, fine, salt 0.202 0.049 0.153 0.038 0.036 0.019 0.018 0.043 01 .1 .9 2399299 Soups and broths and preparations thereof 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399501 Sauces tomato/chillie/garlic and kind 0.095 0.056 0.039 0.009 0.009 0.003 0.003 0.015 01 .1 .9 2399502 Mustard sauce 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399504 Lonu lumbo 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399901 Haluvidhaa 0.005 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399902 Chicken rings and kind 0.008 0.007 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399903 Addu bondi 0.005 0.001 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399904 Short eats, hedhikaa foni (sweet) 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 01 .1 .9 2399905 Short eats, hedhikaa kulhi (saltish) 0.057 0.030 0.027 0.000 0.004 0.020 0.000 0.003 01 .1 .9 2399906 Hedhikaa not specified 0.428 0.316 0.112 0.005 0.017 0.029 0.009 0.051 01 .1 .9 2399999 Other food products n.e.c. 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 01 .1 .9 Non-alcoholic beverages 2.180 0.723 1.457 0.383 0.311 0.146 0.202 0.415 01 .1 .9 Coffee, tea and cocoa 0.884 0.269 0.614 0.121 0.167 0.062 0.093 0.170 01 .1 .9 2391199 Coffee 0.358 0.128 0.229 0.046 0.051 0.024 0.041 0.066 01 .2 2391399 Green tea (not fermented), black tea (fermented) a 0.525 0.140 0.385 0.075 0.116 0.038 0.052 0.104 01 .2 .1 2391499 Essence 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 01 .2 .1 Mineral waters, soft drinks and juices 1.297 0.454 0.843 0.262 0.144 0.083 0.109 0.245 01 .2 .1 2140001 Fruit juices and vegetable juices 0.986 0.277 0.709 0.157 0.132 0.081 0.106 0.232 01 .2 .1 2441001 Mineral water 0.178 0.153 0.024 0.002 0.011 0.000 0.003 0.008 01 .2 .2 2449001 soft drinks, bottle or canned 0.133 0.024 0.110 0.103 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.005 02 .2 .2 ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, TOBACCO AND NARCOTICS 3.278 1.061 2.217 0.427 0.559 0.500 0.257 0.475 02 .2 .2 Tobacco 2.328 0.799 1.529 0.212 0.365 0.367 0.183 0.402 02 .2 .2 Tobacco 2.328 0.799 1.529 0.212 0.365 0.367 0.183 0.402 02 2501001 Cigarettes 2.271 0.798 1.472 0.198 0.361 0.359 0.159 0.396

Page 175 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 02 .2 2501002 Bidi, traditional cigarette 0.017 0.000 0.017 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.005 0.004 02 .2 .1 2501003 Dhun faiy, tobacco leaves 0.041 0.001 0.040 0.011 0.002 0.005 0.020 0.001 02 .2 .1 Narcotics 0.950 0.262 0.688 0.215 0.193 0.133 0.073 0.073 02 .2 .1 Narcotics 0.950 0.262 0.688 0.215 0.193 0.133 0.073 0.073 02 .2 .1 2502001 Aracanut, foah, fenfoah, hanaakuri foah, roa foah, 0.548 0.094 0.454 0.140 0.144 0.078 0.045 0.047 02 .3 2502002 Supaaree packets, aracanut mixture, etc. 0.382 0.165 0.217 0.069 0.049 0.053 0.025 0.021 02 .3 .1 35250 Cocaine, heroin, morphine 0.020 0.003 0.017 0.006 0.000 0.002 0.003 0.005 03 .3 .1 CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR 5.830 2.378 3.452 0.665 0.621 0.545 0.466 1.155 03 .3 .1 Clothing 4.891 2.024 2.867 0.555 0.514 0.470 0.379 0.949 03 .3 .1 Clothing materials 1.249 0.401 0.849 0.192 0.169 0.132 0.110 0.245 03 2633001 Wool, put up for retail sale 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 03 .1 26610 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85% or more by 1.247 0.401 0.846 0.192 0.169 0.131 0.110 0.245 03 .1 .1 26840 Terry towelling and similar woven terry fabrics (o 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .1 2799299 rubber thread and cord, textile covered; text 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .1 Garments 3.624 1.616 2.008 0.359 0.343 0.336 0.267 0.704 03 .1 .1 28200 Wearing apparel 0.264 0.101 0.163 0.031 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.070 03 .1 .1 28210 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hos 0.088 0.033 0.055 0.018 0.007 0.005 0.009 0.016 03 .1 .2 28221 Men's or boys' suits, coats, jackets, trousers, sh 0.015 0.003 0.013 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.011 03 .1 .2 2822499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, petticoats, pan 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 2822501 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or cro 0.007 0.006 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 28227 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted 0.668 0.227 0.441 0.082 0.065 0.058 0.040 0.196 03 .1 .2 2823101 uniform 0.759 0.324 0.435 0.079 0.085 0.081 0.074 0.117 03 .1 .2 2823201 Men's or boys' shirts, singlets, underpants, pyjam 0.816 0.435 0.380 0.073 0.080 0.070 0.078 0.079 03 .1 .2 2823301 Women's or girls' suits, coats, jackets, dresses, 0.358 0.181 0.177 0.021 0.010 0.024 0.017 0.105 03 .1 .2 2823499 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts, singlets, petti 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 28235 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, of text 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 2823701 Brassieres, girdles, corsets 0.168 0.082 0.086 0.017 0.017 0.010 0.009 0.033 03 .1 .2 28330 Artificial fur and articles thereof (except headge 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 3219301 Garments of paper, etc. 0.472 0.224 0.248 0.034 0.050 0.066 0.021 0.077 03 .1 .2 Other articles of clothing and clothing accessorie 0.015 0.005 0.010 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.000 03 .1 .2 2635001 Cotton sewing thread 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .2 27912 Tulles and other net fabrics, except woven, knitte 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 2823801 Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarves, veils, ties, crava 0.013 0.005 0.009 0.004 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.000 03 .1 .3 3626002 Clothing accessories of rubber 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 4299701 Clasps, buckles, press-studs, etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 Repair and hire of clothing 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 9713001 Other cleaning services for garments 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .1 .3 Footwear 0.939 0.354 0.585 0.109 0.108 0.076 0.086 0.206 03 .1 .4 Shoes and other footwear 0.939 0.354 0.585 0.109 0.108 0.076 0.086 0.206 03 .1 .4 2932099 Footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or 0.004 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 03 .2 2933099 Footwear with uppers of leather, other than sports 0.361 0.148 0.213 0.039 0.035 0.028 0.028 0.083 03 .2 .1 2934099 Footwear with uppers of textile materials, other t 0.366 0.116 0.250 0.050 0.044 0.037 0.039 0.080 03 .2 .1 29420 Other sports footwear of CPC 29420 0.203 0.081 0.121 0.021 0.029 0.011 0.019 0.042 03 .2 .1 29520 Wooden footwear, miscellaneous special footwear an 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Page 176 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

04 .2 .1 HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS 17.696 11.283 6.413 1.126 1.405 0.940 0.799 2.142 04 .2 .1 Actual rentals for housing 6.625 6.471 0.155 0.053 0.031 0.042 0.029 0.000 04 .2 .1 Actual rentals paid by tenants 6.625 6.471 0.155 0.053 0.031 0.042 0.029 0.000 04 7211101 Actual rents for main residences 6.625 6.471 0.155 0.053 0.031 0.042 0.029 0.000 04 .1 Regular maintenance and repair of the dwelling 1.836 0.348 1.488 0.257 0.276 0.110 0.121 0.725 04 .1 .1 Products for the regular maintenance and repair of 0.426 0.092 0.334 0.084 0.048 0.015 0.043 0.144 04 .1 .1 3141099 Plywood consisting solely of sheets of wood 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 04 .3 3511001 Paints, varnishes, etc. for household use 0.408 0.089 0.318 0.081 0.046 0.015 0.038 0.139 04 .3 .1 3623001 Rubber pipes and other such plumbing articles 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 04 .3 .1 3744001 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement and 0.009 0.001 0.008 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.003 04 .3 .1 Services for the regular maintenance and repair of 1.409 0.256 1.154 0.172 0.228 0.095 0.077 0.581 04 .3 .1 5411101 Repair and maintenance of buildings - one and two- 1.373 0.244 1.129 0.172 0.228 0.070 0.077 0.581 04 .3 .1 54112 Repair and maintenance of buildings - multi-dwelli 0.011 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 04 .3 .2 54611 Electrical wiring and fitting services 0.025 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.000 04 .3 .2 Other services relating to the dwelling 1.611 1.540 0.071 0.011 0.039 0.009 0.000 0.012 04 .3 .2 Refuse collection 1.427 1.379 0.049 0.006 0.035 0.007 0.000 0.000 04 .3 .2 69210 Water, except steam and hot water, distribution se 1.427 1.379 0.049 0.006 0.035 0.007 0.000 0.000 04 .4 Sewerage services 0.184 0.161 0.023 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.012 04 .4 .1 94211 Non-hazardous waste collection services 0.184 0.161 0.023 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.012 04 .4 .1 Electricity, gas and other fuels 7.623 2.925 4.698 0.806 1.060 0.779 0.649 1.405 04 .4 .2 Electricity 5.844 2.256 3.588 0.638 0.806 0.612 0.488 1.043 04 .4 .2 69110 Electricity transmission and distribution services 5.844 2.256 3.588 0.638 0.806 0.612 0.488 1.043 04 .5 Gas 0.962 0.523 0.439 0.042 0.086 0.085 0.069 0.157 04 .5 .1 69120 Gas distribution services through mains 0.962 0.523 0.439 0.042 0.086 0.085 0.069 0.157 04 .5 .1 Liquid fuels 0.817 0.145 0.672 0.127 0.168 0.081 0.091 0.205 04 .5 .2 3334001 Kerosene 0.817 0.145 0.672 0.127 0.168 0.081 0.091 0.205 05 .5 .2 FURNISHINGS, HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT AND ROUTINE MAINT 5.720 2.459 3.262 0.742 0.538 0.403 0.537 1.042 05 .5 .3 Furniture, furnishings and decorations, carpets an 1.454 0.597 0.857 0.194 0.154 0.076 0.128 0.305 05 .5 .3 Furniture and furnishings 1.273 0.542 0.730 0.141 0.134 0.047 0.123 0.286 05 29130 Leather for ornamental purposes 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 38112 Seats, primarily with wooden frames 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .1 3811999 Other seats 0.024 0.006 0.018 0.002 0.006 0.002 0.004 0.004 05 .1 .1 3813099 Other wooden furniture, of a kind used in the kitc 0.058 0.050 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 05 .1 .1 3814099 Other furniture of the household type 0.888 0.411 0.477 0.073 0.088 0.027 0.069 0.220 05 .1 .1 3815099 Mattress supports; mattresses, fitted with springs 0.302 0.074 0.228 0.066 0.040 0.017 0.044 0.061 05 .1 .1 Carpets and other floor coverings 0.161 0.051 0.110 0.044 0.020 0.022 0.005 0.019 05 .1 .1 2714002 Sets of woven fabrics and yarn for making up into 0.003 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .1 27210 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .1 .2 3893099 linoleum floor cover, tharafaalu, etc. 0.158 0.050 0.108 0.044 0.019 0.021 0.005 0.019 05 .1 .2 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor coverin 0.021 0.004 0.017 0.009 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.001 05 .1 .2 8724099 Furniture repair services 0.021 0.004 0.017 0.009 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.001 05 .1 .2 Household textiles 0.210 0.111 0.100 0.020 0.021 0.012 0.020 0.028 05 .1 .3 Household textiles 0.210 0.111 0.100 0.020 0.021 0.012 0.020 0.028

Page 177 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .1 .3 27120 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen l 0.150 0.079 0.072 0.013 0.014 0.008 0.013 0.024 05 .2 2713099 Curtains (including drapes) and interior blinds; c 0.060 0.032 0.028 0.007 0.007 0.004 0.007 0.004 05 .2 .1 Heating and cooking appliances, refrigerators, was 1.350 0.600 0.750 0.129 0.148 0.110 0.172 0.192 05 .2 .1 Major household appliances whether electric or not 1.221 0.543 0.678 0.121 0.133 0.097 0.162 0.164 05 .2 .1 4391201 Household type air conditioning machines 0.047 0.023 0.024 0.000 0.024 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 44621 Ironing and pressing machines 0.011 0.006 0.005 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 05 .3 .1 4481101 Refrigerators, household type, electric or non-ele 0.264 0.109 0.155 0.019 0.022 0.024 0.047 0.042 05 .3 .1 4481103 Freezers, household type, electric or non-electric 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 4481201 Dishwashing machines and clothes or linen washing 0.286 0.134 0.152 0.037 0.031 0.019 0.037 0.027 05 .3 .1 4481401 Household sewing machines 0.157 0.073 0.084 0.014 0.004 0.013 0.020 0.033 05 .3 .1 4481402 Knitting machines 0.016 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.003 0.008 05 .3 .1 4481501 Ventilators and extractor hoods 0.156 0.059 0.097 0.023 0.018 0.012 0.022 0.022 05 .3 .1 4481601 Vacuum cleaners ,floor polishers, kitchen waste di 0.047 0.015 0.031 0.010 0.008 0.002 0.005 0.007 05 .3 .1 4481701 Ovens, microwave ovens, cookers; water and space h 0.050 0.020 0.029 0.004 0.003 0.006 0.005 0.012 05 .3 .1 4482101 Non-electric cooking and heating apparatus 0.169 0.092 0.077 0.014 0.015 0.018 0.022 0.007 05 .3 .1 44822 Parts of vacuum cleaners, floor polishers, water h 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 4482201 Stove 0.015 0.008 0.007 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.004 05 .3 .1 44824 heaters, etc. 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .1 Small electric household appliances 0.129 0.056 0.072 0.008 0.015 0.013 0.010 0.028 05 .3 .1 4481602 Food mixers, coffee makers, toasters, irons and th 0.119 0.051 0.068 0.008 0.015 0.011 0.009 0.025 05 .3 .1 4481703 Rice Cooker 0.010 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.003 05 .3 .2 Repair of household appliances 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .2 87159 Maintenance and repair services of machinery and e 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .3 .2 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.079 0.034 0.045 0.011 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.009 05 .3 .3 Glassware, tableware and household utensils 0.079 0.034 0.045 0.011 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.009 05 .3 .3 3191201 Tableware and kitchenware, of wood 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .4 3722101 Tableware, kitchenware, etc. 0.013 0.008 0.005 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 05 .4 .1 42912 Table, kitchen or other household articles and par 0.013 0.006 0.007 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.003 05 .4 .1 42913 Knives (except for machines) and scissors, and bla 0.026 0.006 0.020 0.005 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.004 05 .4 .1 4291301 Table knives and kitchen knives 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .4 .1 4291601 Spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fis 0.026 0.014 0.012 0.001 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 05 .4 .1 Tools and equipment for house and garden 0.143 0.077 0.066 0.020 0.005 0.012 0.006 0.023 05 .4 .1 Major tools and equipment 0.119 0.067 0.052 0.014 0.003 0.010 0.003 0.022 05 .4 .1 4322001 Water pumps for gardens 0.119 0.067 0.052 0.014 0.003 0.010 0.003 0.022 05 .5 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 0.024 0.010 0.014 0.006 0.001 0.003 0.003 0.002 05 .5 .1 3694002 Watering cans 0.012 0.005 0.007 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.001 05 .5 .1 4292102 Hand tools 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 05 .5 .2 4621201 Fuses, circuit breakers, switches, lamp holders, p 0.003 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .5 .2 4641099 Primary cells and primary batteries 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .5 .2 4993001 Wheel barrows and the like 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 05 .5 .2 Goods and services for routine household maintenan 2.484 1.040 1.444 0.368 0.202 0.185 0.204 0.485 05 .5 .2 Non-durable household goods 2.317 0.913 1.404 0.368 0.202 0.144 0.204 0.485 05 .5 .2 24120 Ethyl alcohol and other spirits, denatured, of any 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 33330 White spirit 0.674 0.206 0.468 0.155 0.027 0.004 0.099 0.184

Page 178 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 05 .6 .1 3462099 Insecticides, fungicides, disinfectants, etc. for 0.290 0.187 0.104 0.027 0.017 0.009 0.010 0.041 05 .6 .1 3532202 Detergents and washing preparations 0.948 0.382 0.566 0.140 0.111 0.090 0.066 0.159 05 .6 .1 3533101 Preparations for perfuming or deodorizing rooms 0.011 0.003 0.008 0.003 0.004 0.000 0.001 0.000 05 .6 .1 3633002 Plastic foil, sheets, etc. not adhesive 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 3891101 Tailor's chalks 0.300 0.090 0.209 0.039 0.034 0.037 0.024 0.075 05 .6 .1 3899302 Household brushes, mops, etc. 0.076 0.027 0.049 0.005 0.009 0.005 0.005 0.026 05 .6 .1 3899801 Matches 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 3899903 Candles 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 4299904 Hangers, aluminium knitting needles 0.017 0.017 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 Domestic services and home care services 0.167 0.127 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.000 0.000 05 .6 .1 98000 Domestic services 0.167 0.127 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.000 0.000 06 .6 .1 HEALTH 7.085 2.668 4.417 0.394 1.058 0.924 0.815 1.226 06 .6 .2 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.424 0.356 1.068 0.216 0.194 0.125 0.194 0.339 06 .6 .2 Medical products, appliances and equipment 1.424 0.356 1.068 0.216 0.194 0.125 0.194 0.339 06 3526001 Medicaments for humans 1.258 0.302 0.956 0.191 0.154 0.122 0.166 0.323 06 .1 35290 Other pharmaceutical products or articles for medi 0.105 0.023 0.082 0.025 0.041 0.003 0.000 0.014 06 .1 .1 3627006 Condoms and other hygienic articles 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .1 .1 4825301 Alcohol breath tests 0.027 0.000 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.027 0.000 06 .1 .1 4831201 Corrective eye-glasses 0.033 0.031 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 06 .1 .1 Out-patient services 4.786 1.718 3.068 0.166 0.860 0.763 0.549 0.731 06 .1 .1 Medical services 0.938 0.286 0.652 0.063 0.122 0.308 0.032 0.127 06 .1 .1 9312102 General medical services 0.938 0.286 0.652 0.063 0.122 0.308 0.032 0.127 06 .2 Dental services 0.248 0.237 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.001 0.000 06 .2 .1 93123 Dental services 0.248 0.237 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.001 0.000 06 .2 .1 Paramedical services 3.600 1.196 2.405 0.098 0.738 0.450 0.516 0.604 06 .2 .2 9312202 medical consulting 3.577 1.172 2.405 0.098 0.738 0.450 0.516 0.604 06 .2 .2 93191 Deliveries and related services, nursing services, 0.019 0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .2 .3 9319999 Other human health services n.e.c. 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 06 .2 .3 Hospital services 0.875 0.594 0.280 0.012 0.004 0.037 0.073 0.155 06 .2 .3 Hospital services 0.875 0.594 0.280 0.012 0.004 0.037 0.073 0.155 06 .2 .3 9311099 Hospital services 0.875 0.594 0.280 0.012 0.004 0.037 0.073 0.155 07 .3 TRANSPORT 5.625 2.815 2.810 0.656 0.509 0.362 0.407 0.876 07 .3 .1 Purchase of vehicles 2.167 1.209 0.958 0.393 0.182 0.098 0.055 0.231 07 .3 .1 Motor cars 0.398 0.136 0.262 0.000 0.146 0.000 0.000 0.116 07 4911301 Motor cars 0.252 0.136 0.116 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.116

Page 179 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

07 .1 4911401 Pickup / Lorry 0.146 0.000 0.146 0.000 0.146 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .1 Motor cycles 1.131 0.973 0.158 0.054 0.000 0.040 0.020 0.043 07 .1 .1 4991101 Cycle 1.131 0.973 0.158 0.054 0.000 0.040 0.020 0.043 07 .1 .1 Bicycles 0.288 0.099 0.189 0.066 0.022 0.011 0.032 0.058 07 .1 .2 49921 Bicycles and other cycles, not motorised 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .2 4992101 Bicycle 0.283 0.098 0.186 0.066 0.022 0.007 0.032 0.058 07 .1 .3 4993002 Rickshaws 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .3 Boats of all kinds 0.350 0.001 0.349 0.273 0.014 0.046 0.003 0.013 07 .1 .3 4931401 Dhoani / Speed boat 0.350 0.001 0.349 0.273 0.014 0.046 0.003 0.013 07 .1 .3 Operation of personal transport equipment 0.098 0.048 0.050 0.006 0.029 0.000 0.003 0.011 07 .1 .4 Spares parts and accessories 0.003 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .1 .4 4299905 Bicycle bells 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 4323001 Air pumps for vehicles 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .1 Fuels and lubricants 0.066 0.019 0.048 0.004 0.029 0.000 0.003 0.011 07 .2 .1 3331001 Petrol, motor gasolene 0.066 0.019 0.048 0.004 0.029 0.000 0.003 0.011 07 .2 .1 Other services in respect of personal transport eq 0.029 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .2 7211202 Permanent hire of garages or parking spaces for pu 0.029 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .2 .2 Transports services 3.360 1.558 1.801 0.256 0.298 0.264 0.349 0.634 07 .2 .4 Passenger transport by road 0.787 0.409 0.377 0.025 0.016 0.024 0.087 0.225 07 .2 .4 6421102 Transportation by motor-bus and trolley-bus 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .3 6422101 Taxi services 0.743 0.409 0.334 0.025 0.016 0.024 0.044 0.225 07 .3 .2 64223 Rental services of buses and coaches with operator 0.043 0.000 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.043 0.000 07 .3 .2 Passenger transport by air 1.485 0.867 0.618 0.021 0.082 0.123 0.107 0.286 07 .3 .2 66110 Scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.141 0.000 0.141 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.024 0.114 07 .3 .2 66110E Airfare - Education travel 0.116 0.089 0.027 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.003 0.008 07 .3 .3 66110H Airfare - Religious (Hajj) travel 0.153 0.124 0.029 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.000 0.000 07 .3 .3 66110L Airfare - Leisure travel 0.393 0.365 0.028 0.005 0.000 0.020 0.003 0.000 07 .3 .3 66110M Airfare - Medical travel 0.675 0.282 0.394 0.016 0.065 0.071 0.077 0.164 07 .3 .3 66120 Non-scheduled air transport services of passengers 0.007 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 07 .3 .3 Passenger transport by sea and inland waterway 1.088 0.282 0.806 0.210 0.201 0.117 0.155 0.124 07 .3 .3 6511101 Coastal and transoceanic water transport services 0.272 0.140 0.131 0.017 0.019 0.047 0.031 0.017 07 .3 .3 6511901 Other coastal and transoceanic water transport ser 0.816 0.142 0.674 0.193 0.182 0.070 0.123 0.107 08 .3 .4 COMMUNICATIONS 5.155 3.251 1.903 0.448 0.420 0.235 0.153 0.648 08 .3 .4 Communications 0.030 0.015 0.015 0.006 0.003 0.000 0.005 0.001 08 .3 .4 Postal services 0.030 0.015 0.015 0.006 0.003 0.000 0.005 0.001 08 68111 Postal services related to letters 0.012 0.006 0.005 0.003 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.001 08 .1 68112 Postal services related to parcels 0.018 0.008 0.010 0.003 0.001 0.000 0.005 0.000 08 .1 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.578 0.221 0.357 0.124 0.047 0.030 0.044 0.112 08 .1 .1 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.578 0.221 0.357 0.124 0.047 0.030 0.044 0.112 08 .1 .1 4721101 Mobile phones 0.500 0.181 0.318 0.114 0.047 0.030 0.044 0.084 08 .2 4722001 Telephones, telefax machines 0.079 0.040 0.039 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.028

Page 180 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

08 .2 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 4.546 3.015 1.531 0.317 0.370 0.205 0.104 0.535 08 .2 .1 Telephone, telegraph and telefax services 4.546 3.015 1.531 0.317 0.370 0.205 0.104 0.535 08 .2 .1 8411002 Wired telecommunications services 2.417 1.609 0.807 0.162 0.114 0.038 0.015 0.478 08 .3 8412001 Telephone card - mobile 2.130 1.406 0.724 0.155 0.256 0.166 0.089 0.057 09 .3 .1 RECREATION AND CULTURE 5.561 2.626 2.935 0.701 0.513 0.459 0.430 0.831 09 .3 .1 Audio-visual, photographic and data processing equ 2.610 1.471 1.138 0.325 0.253 0.188 0.161 0.210 09 .3 .1 Equipment for the reception, recording and reprodu 1.592 0.801 0.792 0.260 0.160 0.124 0.124 0.124 09 4722002 Building surveillance equipment 0.578 0.332 0.246 0.108 0.058 0.060 0.020 0.000 09 .1 4722003 Fax machine 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .1 4731101 Radio 0.068 0.021 0.047 0.009 0.015 0.004 0.010 0.010 09 .1 .1 4731301 Cable TV 0.304 0.208 0.096 0.011 0.013 0.014 0.006 0.052 09 .1 .1 4731302 Dish Antennae 0.042 0.021 0.021 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.006 09 .1 .1 4731304 Television receivers, whether or not combined with 0.049 0.049 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .1 4732101 Compact Set 0.256 0.063 0.193 0.057 0.038 0.027 0.058 0.013 09 .1 .1 4732102 CD Player 0.020 0.004 0.016 0.003 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.007 09 .1 .1 4732301 Video cassette players and recorders 0.274 0.102 0.172 0.063 0.035 0.018 0.019 0.037 09 .1 .1 4733102 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers; hea 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .1 Photographic and cinematographic equipment and opt 0.128 0.060 0.067 0.003 0.018 0.002 0.021 0.023 09 .1 .1 4832201 Camera 0.128 0.060 0.067 0.003 0.018 0.002 0.021 0.023 09 .1 .1 Data processing equipment 0.805 0.578 0.227 0.054 0.055 0.058 0.010 0.049 09 .1 .2 45130 Calculating machines including pocket calculators 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .2 4523001 Computer 0.795 0.575 0.220 0.054 0.052 0.057 0.010 0.047 09 .1 .3 4526001 Printer 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .3 4526003 Computer CD 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .1 .3 45270 Storage units 0.004 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 09 .1 .3 Recording media for pictures and sound 0.085 0.033 0.052 0.007 0.020 0.004 0.007 0.014 09 .1 .3 4751001 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording or s 0.085 0.033 0.052 0.007 0.020 0.004 0.007 0.014 09 .1 .3 Other major durables for recreation and culture, i 0.252 0.046 0.206 0.071 0.025 0.010 0.054 0.046 09 .1 .4 Other major durables for recreation and culture 0.045 0.000 0.045 0.041 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 09 .1 .4 2716002 Sails for boats 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .2 4311001 Outboard motors for boats 0.045 0.000 0.045 0.041 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 09 .2 .1 Repair of other major durables for recreation and 0.207 0.046 0.161 0.029 0.025 0.010 0.051 0.046 09 .2 .1 87149 Repair of pleasure boats, sports boats and private 0.207 0.046 0.161 0.029 0.025 0.010 0.051 0.046 09 .2 .1 Other recreational items and equipment, gardens an 0.837 0.272 0.565 0.092 0.114 0.079 0.098 0.182 09 .2 .2 Games, toys and hobbies, equipment for sport, camp 0.806 0.256 0.550 0.091 0.106 0.078 0.096 0.179 09 .2 .2 3260001 Albums 0.291 0.074 0.217 0.033 0.036 0.038 0.035 0.076 09 .3 3856099 Other toys (including toy musical instruments) 0.250 0.071 0.179 0.027 0.037 0.022 0.016 0.076 09 .3 .1 3857001 Playing cards 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .1 3858001 Video games of a kind used 0.105 0.064 0.041 0.004 0.006 0.012 0.001 0.018 09 .3 .1 4752003 Game software for use in PCs and for playing conso 0.160 0.046 0.114 0.026 0.027 0.007 0.044 0.009 09 .3 .1 Gardens, plants and flowers 0.018 0.004 0.013 0.002 0.008 0.000 0.001 0.002 09 .3 .1 2718002 Sleeping bags 0.005 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .1 3844002 Other articles and equipment for sports or outdoor 0.009 0.000 0.009 0.002 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 3892102 Whips, riding-crops and the like 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002

Page 181 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern 09 .3 .2 4482103 Camping stoves 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 Pets and related products 0.011 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 0151099 Live plants; bulbs, tubers and roots; cuttings and 0.011 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .2 Veterinary and other services for pets 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 09 .3 .3 23310 Pet food 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .3 4481603 Hair clippers for animals 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 09 .3 .4 Recreational and cultural services 0.547 0.327 0.220 0.030 0.031 0.029 0.009 0.122 09 .3 .4 Sporting and recreational services 0.092 0.091 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .3 .4 9652099 Sports and recreational sports facility operation 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 9662099 Services of sports and games schools: services of 0.022 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .1 9723002 Services of fitness centres 0.065 0.065 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .4 .1 Cultural services 0.455 0.235 0.220 0.030 0.031 0.029 0.009 0.122 09 .4 .1 7322099 Leasing or rental services concerning video tape 0.112 0.069 0.043 0.008 0.005 0.008 0.001 0.020 09 .4 .1 83811 Portrait photography services 0.079 0.029 0.050 0.004 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.042 09 .4 .2 83820 Photography processing services 0.193 0.096 0.097 0.015 0.017 0.010 0.006 0.048 09 .4 .2 9615199 Motion picture projection services 0.071 0.041 0.030 0.002 0.008 0.009 0.000 0.011 09 .4 .2 Newspapers, books and stationery 1.315 0.510 0.805 0.184 0.090 0.153 0.108 0.271 09 .4 .2 Books 1.163 0.430 0.734 0.168 0.075 0.145 0.103 0.242 09 .4 .2 3223099 Printed books (except dictionaries and encyclopaed 1.163 0.429 0.734 0.168 0.075 0.145 0.103 0.242 09 .5 86921 Printing services and services related to printing 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .1 Newspapers and periodicals 0.115 0.067 0.048 0.013 0.007 0.005 0.001 0.022 09 .5 .1 3230099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing at 0.058 0.040 0.018 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.011 09 .5 .1 3240099 Newspapers, journals and periodicals, appearing le 0.057 0.027 0.030 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.000 0.011 09 .5 .2 Miscellaneous printed matter 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .2 32540 Printed pictures, designs and photographs 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .2 Stationery and drawing materials 0.037 0.013 0.024 0.003 0.008 0.002 0.004 0.007 09 .5 .3 3212901 Other uncoated paper and paperboard; of a kind use 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .3 3214201 Paper and paperboard, creped, crinkled, embossed o 0.011 0.007 0.004 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 09 .5 .4 3542004 Glues for stationery products 0.025 0.006 0.019 0.002 0.007 0.002 0.003 0.005 09 .5 .4 3692002 Stationery material of a width not exceeding 20 cm 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 09 .5 .4 3891102 Pens, duplicating stylos, pencils, pen-holders, pe 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 10 .5 .4 EDUCATION 4.205 2.597 1.608 0.308 0.271 0.322 0.158 0.549 10 .5 .4 Educational services 4.205 2.597 1.608 0.308 0.271 0.322 0.158 0.549 10 .5 .4 Pre-primary and primary education 1.365 0.533 0.832 0.201 0.135 0.205 0.062 0.230 10 92110 Pre-school education services 0.240 0.074 0.166 0.053 0.029 0.027 0.003 0.054 10 .1 9219001 Other primary education services 1.126 0.459 0.666 0.147 0.106 0.177 0.059 0.176 10 .1 .1 Secondary education 1.017 0.664 0.353 0.046 0.090 0.078 0.040 0.099 10 .1 .1 9221001 General secondary education services 1.017 0.664 0.353 0.046 0.090 0.078 0.040 0.099 10 .1 .1 92230 Technical and vocational secondary education servi 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 10 .1 .2 Tertiary education 0.369 0.225 0.144 0.005 0.003 0.009 0.011 0.117 10 .1 .2 92220 Higher secondary education services 0.219 0.104 0.115 0.000 0.003 0.002 0.011 0.100 10 .1 .2 92310 Post-secondary technical and vocational education 0.150 0.121 0.029 0.005 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.017 10 .1 .3 Education not definable by level 1.453 1.175 0.279 0.056 0.043 0.031 0.044 0.104 10 .1 .3 92900 Other education and training services 1.453 1.175 0.279 0.056 0.043 0.031 0.044 0.104

Page 182 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

11 .1 .3 HOTELS, CAFS AND RESTAURANTS 1.817 1.347 0.470 0.031 0.048 0.342 0.006 0.043 11 .1 .4 Catering services 0.788 0.642 0.146 0.002 0.000 0.097 0.004 0.043 11 .1 .4 Restaurants, caf‚s, take-aways and the like 0.788 0.642 0.146 0.002 0.000 0.097 0.004 0.043 11 6329001 Lunch packet 0.043 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 11 .1 6329002 Eating in hotel 0.326 0.210 0.116 0.000 0.000 0.097 0.004 0.015 11 .1 .1 6329003 Eating in restaurent 0.419 0.389 0.030 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.028 11 .1 .1 Accommodation services 1.029 0.705 0.324 0.029 0.048 0.245 0.002 0.000 11 .1 .1 Accommodation services 1.029 0.705 0.324 0.029 0.048 0.245 0.002 0.000 11 .1 .1 6319199 Holiday centre and holiday home services 0.751 0.704 0.047 0.010 0.000 0.034 0.002 0.000 11 .2 63199 Other lodging services n.e.c. 0.278 0.000 0.277 0.019 0.048 0.210 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .1 MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES 5.970 2.680 3.291 0.805 0.541 0.472 0.426 1.047 12 .2 .1 Personal care 5.273 2.190 3.083 0.676 0.541 0.453 0.373 1.040 12 .2 .1 Hairdressing salons and personal grooming establis 0.194 0.135 0.059 0.008 0.010 0.006 0.005 0.030 12 9721001 Hairdressing and barbers' services 0.176 0.117 0.059 0.008 0.010 0.006 0.005 0.030 12 .1 9722099 Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring serv 0.018 0.018 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .1 Appliances, articles and products for personal car 0.161 0.062 0.099 0.025 0.020 0.010 0.010 0.033 12 .1 .1 8715102 Repair of personal care appliances 0.161 0.062 0.099 0.025 0.020 0.010 0.010 0.033 12 .1 .1 Personal care services n.e.c. 4.919 1.994 2.925 0.643 0.511 0.437 0.357 0.978 12 .1 .2 3219305 sanitary pads, etc. 0.335 0.153 0.181 0.046 0.025 0.027 0.017 0.066 12 .1 .2 3532101 Toilet soaps 0.371 0.134 0.237 0.065 0.039 0.037 0.028 0.068 12 .1 .3 3532301 roll on deodorant stick, etc. 0.057 0.021 0.035 0.022 0.002 0.003 0.001 0.008 12 .1 .3 3532302 calamine, lotion, etc. 0.731 0.251 0.480 0.104 0.086 0.078 0.062 0.149 12 .1 .3 3532303 body spray, etc. 0.116 0.054 0.062 0.015 0.015 0.009 0.007 0.016 12 .1 .3 3532304 baby eude cologne, etc. 0.261 0.100 0.161 0.030 0.027 0.018 0.016 0.071 12 .1 .3 3532305 gandu fuh dhalhu, face powder, etc. 0.228 0.064 0.164 0.037 0.022 0.025 0.030 0.051 12 .1 .3 3532306 facial cream, etc. 0.126 0.045 0.081 0.018 0.015 0.012 0.010 0.026 12 .1 .3 3532309 vaseline hair cream, etc. 0.235 0.068 0.167 0.039 0.045 0.022 0.022 0.038 12 .1 .3 3532314 perfume, etc. 0.698 0.405 0.293 0.053 0.060 0.056 0.022 0.102 12 .1 .3 3532316 shampoo, etc. 0.578 0.198 0.380 0.081 0.070 0.056 0.048 0.126 12 .1 .3 3532318 close-up, tooth paste, etc. 0.305 0.122 0.183 0.040 0.028 0.026 0.026 0.063 12 .1 .3 3532320 lip stick, etc. 0.112 0.052 0.061 0.021 0.009 0.009 0.003 0.019 12 .1 .3 3532321 after shave, etc. 0.045 0.016 0.029 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.007 0.013 12 .1 .3 3532322 shaving foam, etc. 0.121 0.057 0.064 0.007 0.009 0.012 0.006 0.030 12 .1 .3 3532336 Cutex 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.002 12 .1 .3 3532337 Hair oil 0.029 0.012 0.017 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.005 12 .1 .3 3532338 Facial Wash 0.104 0.054 0.051 0.008 0.009 0.006 0.010 0.018 12 .1 .3 3532399 perfume and toilet preparations 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .3 3899305 Toothbrushes 0.194 0.069 0.125 0.026 0.017 0.015 0.018 0.049 12 .1 .3 3899306 Hairbrushes, etc. for personal care 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 12 .1 .3 3899403 Combs 0.147 0.071 0.077 0.010 0.008 0.009 0.014 0.036 12 .1 .3 4291402 Razors and razor blades (including razor blade bla 0.112 0.042 0.070 0.015 0.019 0.010 0.005 0.021 12 .1 .3 4291503 Hair clippers, nail files, etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .3 Personal effects n.e.c. 0.167 0.046 0.121 0.116 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000

Page 183 Table 32.3 Percentage Distribution of Household Cash Expenditure on goods and services, by CPC and COICOP, overall (for CPI weights) COICOP Regions Total Central Central Male' Atolls Northern Central Southern CPC-code Types of expenditures Maldives Northern Southern

12 .1 .3 Other personal effects 0.167 0.046 0.121 0.116 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.000 12 .1 .3 2922004 Luggage, handbags and the like, of leather, compos 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 3693002 Bath tubs for children 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 3719302 Ashtrays 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 3899402 Lighters, pipes, cigar and cigarette holders 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 4831203 Sun-glasses 0.014 0.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 99999 Other personal effects 0.140 0.021 0.119 0.115 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 12 .2 .2 Social protection services 0.025 0.005 0.020 0.006 0.000 0.002 0.006 0.006 12 .2 .2 Social protection services 0.025 0.005 0.020 0.006 0.000 0.002 0.006 0.006 12 .2 .2 3824002 Jewellery, except those acquired primarily as stor 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .3 3899701 Imitation jewellery 0.011 0.004 0.007 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 12 .3 .1 4841001 wrist watch, etc. 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.005 0.000 12 .3 .1 4842002 Household clocks 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .3 .1 Insurance 0.013 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 12 .3 .1 Insurance connected with transport 0.013 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 12 .3 .1 7133101 Motor vehicle insurance services 0.013 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.000 12 .4 Other services n.e.c. 0.493 0.438 0.055 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.047 0.000 12 .4 .4 Other services n.e.c. 0.493 0.438 0.055 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.047 0.000 12 .4 .4 85940 Duplicating services 0.004 0.004 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 12 .6 9111101 Fees for administrative documents 0.099 0.086 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.000 12 .6 .1 9332901 Marriage guidance services 0.390 0.348 0.042 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.035 0.000 13 .6 .1 RELIGIOUS SERVICES 0.110 0.102 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 13 .6 .1 Religion 0.110 0.102 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 13 .6 .1 Religion 0.110 0.102 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 13 9591099 Religious services 0.110 0.102 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000

Page 184