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Los Insectívoros (Soricomorpha, Erinaceomorpha, Mammalia) Del Neógeno Superior Del Levante Ibérico

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Los Insectívoros (Soricomorpha, Erinaceomorpha, Mammalia) Del Neógeno Superior Del Levante Ibérico LOS INSECTÍVOROS (SORICOMORPHA, ERINACEOMORPHA, MAMMALIA) DEL NEÓGENO SUPERIOR DEL LEVANTE IBÉRICO Marc Furió Bruno Tesis Doctoral Director: Dr. Jordi Agustí Ballester (ICREA, Institut de Paleoecologia Humana, Tarragona) Tutor: Dr. Josep Maria Pons i Muñoz (Unitat de Paleontologia, UAB) Departament de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (2007) Departament de Geologia, Facultat de Ciències Programa de Doctorat en Geologia, (2005-2007) Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona “Los Insectívoros (Soricomorpha, Erinaceomorpha, Mammalia) del Neógeno Superior del Levante Ibérico” Doctorand: Marc Furió Bruno Dr. Jordi Agustí Ballester Dr. Josep María Pons Muñoz El Director El Tutor Amb el suport del Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informació de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Beca FPI) A la persona que con su forma de ser me ha enseñado el veradero significado de la honradez, la valentía y la inteligencia: mi abuela María Aniorte ("Maruja") AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradecer a tantísima gente la ayuda, el apoyo, la comprensión y los buenos momentos que me han brin- dado será algo complicado, y corro el riesgo de no incluir en estas lineas a todos los que realmente se lo mere- cen, que son muchos. Pido disculpas por adelantado si me dejo a alguien, y sepa que por supuesto, está invita- do a una cena y/o copa en cuanto se acabe la particular situación actual que hace que últimamente se me olvi- de todo. Aclarado este punto, debo indicar que los agradecimientos apuntan a tres “frentes” distintos: las institu- ciones oficiales, los colegas de profesión (y gente relacionada con la paleontología), y los amigos. Dicho sea de paso, que a veces resulta muy difícil poner límites, y sufro de una “insana” tendencia a traspasar gente del segundo al tercer grupo, por lo que tengo dudas en como catalogar a más de una persona. Así pues, en primer lugar quiero dar las gracias a todas aquellas instituciones que con su apoyo econó- mico y/o logístico, han ayudado a que este trabajo pasase de ser un proyecto a ser una realidad. Al DURSI de la Generalitat de Catalunya, que me concedió una Beca Predoctoral FI en al año 2002. Al Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, ya que esta Tesis Doctoral forma parte del Proyecto CGL2006-4548/BTE subvencionado por dicho ministerio. A la Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía, por haber subvencionado las campa- ñas de excavación que se han llevado a cabo en Orce, y gracias a las cuales se ha podido estudiar el material de los yacimientos de Fuente Nueva 3 y Barranco León, y también a la Generalitat Valenciana, por conceder los permisos de excavación que en el año 2004 permitieron recuperar nuevos restos de la pobremente estudiada localidad de ACB-4. A la Fundación Duques de Soria, que me ha dado la oportunidad de viajar a la República de Georgia en repetidas ocasiones, y gracias a lo cual he podido participar en las excavaciones del yacimiento de Dmanisi y consultar y comparar el material de micromamíferos de este yacimiento con el estudiado aquí. También a los programas de ayudas a jóvenes investigadores europeos (ESF-EEDEN y SYNTHESYS) que me han permitido visitar otros centros. Las fotografías de scanning del material de insectívoros me han sido cedidas por la Unitat de Paleontologia (Departament de Geologia) de la UAB, que ha subvencionado las distintas sesio- nes realizadas. Algunas otras fotografías y esquemas han sido cedidas por Oriol Oms (Dep. de Geologia UAB), Meike Köhler (Institut Català de Paleontologia), Roger de Marfà (Fac. Geologia, UB) y Carlos Díaz (UAB). En segundo lugar, el referente al ámbito profesional, debo dar las gracias a Pierre Mein y Abel Prieur (Univ. Claude Bernard I Lyon), Maria José López Fuster (Univ. de Barcelona), Eulàlia García (Museu de Ciències Naturals-Museu de Zoologia de Barcelona), Julio Gómez Alba (Museu de Ciències Naturals-Museu de Geologia de Barcelona), Jan van Dam y Albert van der Meulen (Univ. Utrecht), Lars W. van den Hoek Ostende (Naturalis Leiden), Jelle W. F. Reumer (Natuurmuseum, Rotterdam), Chiara Angelone y Tatsos Kotsakis (Univ. de Roma), por dejarme consultar el material fósil y/o actual que forma parte de sus colecciones propias, o bien las de las instituciones en las que trabajan, así como a Bienvenido Martínez (Institut de Paleoecologia Humana, Univ. Rovira i Virgili de Tarragona), Isidro Toro (Museo Arqueológico de Granada) y David Lordkipanidze (Georgian National Museum) por darme la oportunidad de estudiar y consultar el material de la excavaciones que dirigen. Le agradezco a los Drs. M. Freudenthal y E. Martín-Suárez (Univ. Granada) la amabilidad mostrada al cederme temporalmente su piso en Leiden mientras realicé mis estancias en Naturalis, y a Chiara Angelone su hospitali- dad al acogerme en su casa durante mi breve estancia en Roma. También a Hugues-Alexandre Blain (Univ. Rovira i Virgili de Tarragona), Angel Blanco (Institut de Paleontologia), Miquel Nebot (Grup Espeleològic Pedraforca, Barcelona), y Laura Roquè (Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona), quienes desinteresadamente me han cedido material dental y/u óseo de insectívoros actuales para su comparación con los restos fósiles hallados. Debo dar las gracias igualmente a todos los que en algún momento me han proporcionado separatas de sus publicaciones o sus colegas más allegados. La lista en este caso sería interminable, pero quiero destacar las aportaciones de Andrian Delinschi (República de Moldavia) y Paloma Sevilla (Univ. Complutense de Madrid), por el esfuerzo “extra” que debieron realizar para conseguir la bibliografía que les pedí, así como la de Raef Minwer- Barakat (Univ. Granada), que me ha aportado información sobre sus publicaciones en curso. Parte de la biblio- grafía tuvo que ser traducida, trabajo en el que amablemente participaron Marc A. Wiederkerh y María José Bruno para la bibliografía en alemán, y Ferusa M. Mamadjanova, que hizo lo mismo con los textos escritos en ruso. Gracias además a todo el personal investigador y técnico del Institut de Paleontologia M. Crusafont, Jordi Farrè, Marisa Pancorbo, Santi Trilla, Ramon Pujantell, Maria Pereira, Isabel Pellejero, Sandra Val, Manel Llenas, Lluis Rius, Teresa Esquirol, Teresa Requena, Carme Balcells, Salvador Moyà, Meike Köhler, Angel Galobart, Josep Gibert, y a los que he conocido en el papel de “becarios”, Bernat Vila, Joan Madurell, Àngel Blanco, Cheyenn Rotgers, José Robles, Sergio Almécija, Begoña Poza, Laura Celià, David M. Alba, Pep Aurell, Raül Carmona, Elisabeth Blaya, Josep Quintana y Mª Jesús Pérez (y otros muchos colaboradores esporádicos), por la fantástica compañía de la que he podido disfrutar todo este tiempo. Encontrarse a gusto en un lugar tan fre- cuentado ha sido imprescindible para poder centrarse en la propia investigación. En esta misma línea, quiero reconocer lo bien que se han portado conmigo los compañeros de la Unidad de Paleontología de la UAB, Ramón Mercedes, Angélica Oviedo, Luis Troya, Raquel Villalonga, Carme Boix, Vicent Vicedo, Yolanda Pichardo, Javier Aguilar y Sergi Albrich, así como a todos los profesores y colaboradores que trabajan allí, dado que se han pres- tado a ayudarme siempre que lo he necesitado. No puedo olvidar a mis compañeros de Biología de la UB, prin- cipalmente a Angels Díez, Ana Belén González, Sergi Sáez, Esther Infante y Elio Conesa, por lo mucho que me ayudaron, y porque gracias a ellos he recuperado las ganas de aprender y disfrutar de las ciencias de la vida. Tampoco a la gran cantidad de personas que me han acompañado en las excavaciones en las que he participa- do (Orce, Cinctorres, Almenara 4, Pinilla del Valle, etc.) con las que he disfrutado de momentos inolvidables. En este punto quiero estacar la fantástica experiencia que ha supuesto a nivel profesional y personal mi participa- ción en las excavaciones de Dmanisi (Rep. Georgia). Agradezco a todo su equipo investigador su cálida acogi- da, en especial a mis “hermanos georgianos” (Acho, Tsvaro, Bidzina, Sero, Kopal, Sandro, Nika, Negrel, Gocha, D. Zhvania y todos los “Gios”), y a las “flores del caucáso”, María Martinón, Elena Lacasa y Pilar Fernández. Finalmente en este apartado, quiero dar las gracias por su paciencia a toda la gente con la que tengo en mar- cha o en espera proyectos profesionales, pendientes de que se acabe esta tesis. Entre ellos está el personal de Estudio Fénix (Barcelona), Óscar Sanisidro (Univ. València) y algunos miembros del “Sector Endógeno” del Departament de Geologia de la UAB (D. Gómez, E. Tesón, J. Babault, A. Teixell, M. L. Arboleya, etc.) a los que les agradezco también todo el apoyo y las oportunidades profesionales que me han ido ofreciendo durante estos años. No puede faltar una mención final al personal de Secretaría de Geología, en especial a Tere y Sara, no sólo por la ayuda prestada estos últimos días, sino por la profesionalidad y la eficiencia mostrada durante tan- tos años. En tercer lugar, están los amigos que aparentemente poco tienen que ver con la paleontología, pero que me han ayudado mucho durante estos años. Debo decir que los retos y las dificultades han ido aflorando hasta el último día en el que se acabó de escribir esta Tesis, y he tenido que ir enfrentándome a problemas de muy diversa índole, tanto personales como profesionales. Centrándome en los profesionales, difícilmente habría sali- do victorioso de no contar con todos esos maravillosos aliados que en momentos de "cocktelera" (acumulación de muchos datos aparentemente incongruentes en muy poco tiempo) son capaces de conseguir que uno se evada momentáneamente del terreno profesional para que los datos vayan reposando, asentando y puedan ser ordenados. Por eso, no puedo dejar escapar la ocasión para darle las gracias a mis amigos “frontenistas” Pepe, Paco, Aranda, Jose María “Bombero”, Benito, José "Binguero", Toni, Javi y Benancio, su regularidad a nuestra cita semanal durante tantos años, que me ha ayudado a superar estos momentos de “caos mental”.
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