Appropriate Assessment Screening for aquaculture activity at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Bay Brief description of the project or plan Currently there is no licenced aquaculture activity in Ballinskelligs Bay, Co. Kerry.

Aquaculture licence applications have been submitted for the production of native seaweeds (Alaria esculenta, Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, Laminaria saccharina, Ascophylum nodusum, Ulva lactuca, Porphrya spp, Fucus vesiculosis Palmaria palmata, Himanthalia elongata) using longlines at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay. The location of the sites is shown in Figure 1. The area of foreshore at Site T06/519A is 14.69 Ha while the area of foreshore at Site T06/520A is 14.72 Ha.

It is intended that the seaweeds are cultured using seeded strings on longlines supported by floating structures. It is intended that seeded strings will be sourced from within . It is anticipated that the maximum total annual production of seaweeds across the 2 proposed sites would be circa 400 tonnes.

Brief description of the Natura 2000 Sites T06/519A and T06/520A are not located within a sites Natura 2000 site. The following Natura 2000 sites are adjacent to (within 15Km) of the proposed aquaculture sites (see Figure 1)

Ballinaskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC (Site Code: 000335) This site is located at the western end of the , Co. Kerry, close to the town of Waterville. It comprises the marine waters of Ballinskelligs Bay, as far out as the five-fathom line, some adjoining terrestrial areas and the estuary of the upstream to Breahig . The site extends from Horse Island at the western end of the bay round to Rineen Point at its south-eastern side. Much of the site comprises shallow marine water, Ballinskelligs Bay, but it also supports a wide variety of other habitats, including intertidal mud/sand flats, sandy beaches, shingle, tidal river channels, sea cliffs, wet and dry grassland, freshwater marshes, swamps, cut- away bog, scrub, Bracken and saltmarsh.

The site is of considerable conservation significance, particularly for the presence of two types of saltmarsh, Mediterranean salt meadows and Atlantic Salt Meadows listed on Annex I of the E.U. Habitats Directive and of a population of Petalophyllum ralfsii, a species listed on Annex II of this Directive.

1 The Conservation Objectives of this site are1

 To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Atlantic salt meadows (Glauco- Puccinellietalia maritimae) in Ballinskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Mediterranean salt meadows (Juncetalia maritimi) in Ballinskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Petalwort in Ballinskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC

Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC (Site Code: 000365).

This very large site encompasses the mountains, rivers and lakes of the Iveragh Peninsula, and the Paps Mountains which stretch eastward from towards Millstreet. The majority of the site is in Co. Kerry, with a small portion in Co. Cork. This is the most mountainous region in Ireland and includes , the highest peak in the country at 1,039 m. Overall, the site is of high ecological value because of the diversity, quality and extensiveness of many of the habitats, and impressive list of rare species of flora and fauna. In recognition of its importance the Killarney National Park has been designated a World Biosphere Reserve

The Conservation Objectives for this site are2

 To restore the favourable conservation condition of Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains (Littorelletalia uniflorae) in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Oligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters with vegetation of the Littorelletea uniflorae and/or of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho- Batrachion vegetation in Killarney National Park,

1 NPWS (2014) Conservation Objectives: Ballinskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC 000335. Version 1. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the . 2 NPWS (2017) Conservation Objectives: Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC 000365. Version 1. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht.

2 Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetralix in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of European dry heaths in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Alpine and Boreal heaths in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Juniperus communis formations on heaths or calcareous grasslands in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils (Molinion caeruleae) in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Blanket bogs (* if active bog) in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC,  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Depressions on peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC,  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)* in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC,  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Taxus baccata woods of the British Isles* in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Kerry Slug in Killarney National Park,

3 Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Freshwater Pearl Mussel in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Marsh Fritillary in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Sea Lamprey in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Brook Lamprey in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC,  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of River Lamprey in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Atlantic Salmon in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Lesser Horseshoe Bat in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Otter in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Killarney Fern in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Slender Naiad in Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Killarney shad in Killarney National Park, Macgillacuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC

Kenmare River SAC (Site Code: 002158)

Kenmare River SAC in Co. Kerry, is a long, narrow, south-west facing bay. Exposure to prevailing winds and swells at the mouth diminishes towards the head of the bay. Numerous islands and inlets along the length of the bay provide further areas of additional shelter in which a variety of habitats and unusual communities occur. Kenmare River SAC has a wide

4 range of marine communities from exposed coast to ultra-sheltered areas.

The Conservation Objectives for this site are;3

 To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Large shallow inlets and bays in Kenmare River SAC,  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Reefs in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Perennial vegetation of stony banks in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic coasts in Kenmare River SAC,  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Atlantic salt meadows (Glauco- Puccinellietalia maritimae) in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Mediterranean salt meadows (Juncetalia maritimi) in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria ('white dunes') in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ('grey dunes') in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of European dry heaths in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Submerged or partially submerged sea caves in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Narrow-mouthed Whorl Snail in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Lesser Horseshoe Bat in Kenmare River SAC  To restore the favourable conservation condition of Otter in Kenmare River SAC  To maintain the favourable conservation condition of Harbour Seal in Kenmare River SAC

3 NPWS (2013) Conservation Objectives: Kenmare River SAC 002158. Version 1. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht.

5 and SPA (Site Code: 004175) Deenish Island and Scariff Island are small- to medium-sized islands situated between 5 and 7 km west of Lamb’s Head off the Co. Kerry coast; they are thus very exposed to the force of the Atlantic Ocean. The vegetation is mostly grassland, with some heath occurring on the higher ground. Old fields are now overgrown with Bracken and brambles (Rubus spp.). The surrounding seas to a distance of 500 m around the islands are included within the site. The site is a Special Protection Area (SPA) under the E.U. Birds Directive, of special conservation interest for the following species: Fulmar, Manx Shearwater, Storm Petrel, Lesser Black-backed Gull and Arctic Tern.

The Conservation Objectives for this site are4

To maintain or restore the favourable conservation condition of the bird species listed as Special Conservation Interests for this SPA:

 Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)  Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)  Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus)  Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus)  Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea

Iveragh Peninsula SPA (Site Code: 004154)

The Iveragh Peninsula SPA is a large site situated on the west coast of Co. Kerry. The site encompasses the high coast and sea cliff sections of the peninsula from just west of Rossbehy in the north, around to the end of the peninsula at Valencia Island and Bolus Head, and as far east as Lamb’s Head in the south. The site includes the sea cliffs, the land adjacent to the cliff edge and also areas of sand dunes at and Beginish. The high water mark forms the seaward boundary except at Doulus Head/Killelan Mountain where the adjacent sea area to a distance of 500 m from the cliff base is included.

The Conservation Objectives for this site are5

To maintain or restore the favourable conservation condition of the bird species listed as Special Conservation Interests for this SPA:

4 NPWS (2018) Conservation objectives for Deenish Island and Scariff Island SPA [004175]. Generic Version 6.0. Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht. 5 NPWS (2018) Conservation objectives for Iveragh Peninsula SPA [004154]. Generic Version 6.0. Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht.

6  Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)  Peregrine (Falco peregrinus)  Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla)  Guillemot (Uria aalge)  Chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax)

Puffin Island SPA (Site Code: 004003) Puffin Island lies approximately 0.5 km off the northern side of St Finan’s bay in south-west Co. Kerry. The island is almost divided into two halves – the southern half is a long narrow, rocky ridge, rising to 130 m, while the northern half broadens into a grassy plateau though has a high point of 159 m. The island is surrounded by mostly steep cliffs and slopes. Puffin Island is one of the most important seabird sites in Ireland

The Conservation Objectives for this site are6

To maintain or restore the favourable conservation condition of the bird species listed as Special Conservation Interests for this SPA:

 Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)  Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)  Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus)  Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus)  Razorbill (Alca torda)  Puffin (Fratercula arctica)

Assessment criteria Describe the individual elements of Seaweed is cultured using longlines supported by the project (either alone or in floating structures similar to those used for mussel combination with other plans or culture. It is intended that seeded strings will be sourced projects) likely to give rise to impacts from within Ireland.

on the Natura 2000 site.

6 NPWS (2018) Conservation objectives for Puffin Island SPA [004003]. Generic Version 6.0. Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht

7 Describe any likely direct, indirect or secondary impacts of the project (either alone or in combination with other plans or projects) on the Natura 2000 site by virtue of: size and scale; There are no direct or indirect impacts from the culture operations on the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Distance from the Natura 2000 site or There is no spatial overlap between any of the aquaculture key features of the site: sites and the adjacent Natura 2000 sites.

Resource requirements (water The culture of seaweed is reliant upon ambient nutrient levels abstraction etc.): in the water column and solar Illumination. The production of seaweed does not use any resources required by the qualifying features of adjacent Natura sites.

Emissions (disposal to land, water or The aquaculture sites, located in the subtidal area, would be air): accessed by boat. As a consequence, noise and pollution e.g. as a result of a fuel spill may present a risk to features of adjoining Natura sites with a specific marine element. The risks are, however, not considered significant at the proposed levels of aquaculture activity. It is considered that impacts would be localised and minor.

Excavation requirements: There are no excavation or similar activities associated with the aquaculture activity Transportation requirements: Access routes to the aquaculture sites do not spatially overlap with any of the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. The produced aquaculture products would be transported offsite by lorry using the existing national road network with no impact on the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Duration of construction, operation, None decommissioning: Other:

Describe any likely changes to the site arising as a result of:

Reduction of habitat area: There is no reduction in habitat area within any of the Natura 2000 sites considered arising from the proposed aquaculture production activities. Disturbance to key species: Given the separation distance of the production sites from the adjacent Natura 2000 sites and the absence of any clear “source –pathway – receptor” there will be no disturbance to key species within any Natura 2000 sites. There is no evidence in the scientific literature to suggest that aquaculture activities as proposed significantly impact on the bird species listed as Features of Interest in the SPAs.

8 Habitat or species fragmentation: There is no habitat or species fragmentation within the Natura 2000 sites arising from the aquaculture production activities.

Reduction in species density: There is no reduction in species density within the Natura 2000 sites arising from the aquaculture production activities.

Changes in key indicators of There are no changes in key indicators of conservation value conservation value (water quality): within the Natura 2000 sites arising from the aquaculture production activities. Climate change: Given the nature and scale of the aquaculture production activities the contribution to climate change is considered insignificant.

9

Describe any likely impacts on the Natura 2000 site as a whole in term of;

Interference with the key relationships None of the activities associated with the proposed that define the structure of the site: seaweed production at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay will interfere with the key relationships that define the structure of the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Interference with the key relationships None of the activities associated with the proposed that define the function of the site seaweed production at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay will interfere with the key relationships that define the function of the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Provide indicators of significance as a result of the identification of effects set out above in terms of: Loss None identified

Fragmentation: None identified

Disruption: None identified

Disturbance: None identified

Change to key elements of the site None identified (e.g. water quality etc..):

Describe from the above those None identified elements of the project or plan, or combination of elements, where the above impacts are likely to be significant or where the scale or magnitude of impacts is not known.

10

Finding of no significance effect report: Name of project or plan: Aquaculture production of seaweeds at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay.

Name and location of Natura 2000 site See Figure 1. It would be helpful for a map or plan to be provided: Description of the project or plan Aquaculture production of seaweeds at Sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay.

Is the project or plan directly connected No. with or necessary to the management of the site (provide details)?

Are there other projects or plans that No. together with the project or plan being assessed could affect the site (provide details)?

Describe how the project or plan (alone The cultivation of seaweeds at Sites T06/519A and or in combination) is likely to affect the T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay is not likely to affect the Natura 2000 site. features of adjacent Natura 2000 sites.

Explain why these effects are not There is no spatial overlap of the proposed aquaculture considered significant. activity with Natura sites. In addition, there would be no interference with key relationships that define the function of the sites. The culture activities will not result in habitat loss, there will not be significant disturbance to key species and there will be no habitat or species fragmentation. There will be no direct discharge of pollutants into the environment and water quality will not be affected. Consequently, it is concluded that the culture of seaweed as it is proposed, the proposed aquaculture activities, individually or in- combination, do not pose significant risk to the conservation features of the adjacent Natura 2000 sites and as such do not require a full Appropriate Assessment.

On the basis of the above it is considered that there will be no significant effects on the qualifying feature / interests’ of the adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Who carried out the assessment? Marine Institute, May 2020.

11 Figure 1: Location of aquaculture sites T06/519A and T06/520A in Ballinskelligs Bay and adjacent Natura 2000 sites. Ballinaskelligs Bay and Inny Estuary SAC (Site Code: 000335), Killarney National Park, Macgillycuddy's Reeks and Caragh River Catchment SAC (Site Code: 000365), Kenmare River SAC (Site Code: 002158), Deenish Island and Scariff Island SPA (Site Code: 004175), Iveragh Peninsula SPA (Site Code: 004154) and Puffin Island SPA (Site Code: 004003).

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