September 1995 NATIONAL PARKS ASSOCIATION (ACTj INCORPORATED

Australian Alps Walking Track II Weeding Lord Howe Island U L L E TIN volume 32 number 3 September 1995

CONTENTS Skis on the Brindabellas 5 Weeding Lord Howe Island 18 Len Haskew Eleanor Stodart The Australian Alps Walking Track project 6 Tidbinbilla—the 1939 koala enclosure 22 Frank Clements Matthew Higgins Australian Alps World Heritage Nature-based tourism 23 nomination 11 A tour of African game parks 26 Len Haskew Eleanor Stodart Coree conundrum 14 Reg Alder Cover The Camargue—conflicting land use 16 Elizabeth Smith Photo by Reg Alder The mountains of Namadgi from the Gudgenby Valley

National Parks Association (ACT) Subscription rates (1 July to 30 June) Household members $25 Single members $20 Incorporated Corporate members $15 Bulletin only $15 Inaugurated 1960 Concession $10 For new subscriptions joining between: Aims and objects of the Association 1 January and 31 March—half specified rate • Promotion of national parks and of measures for the pro­ 1 April and 30 June—annual subscription tection of fauna and flora, scenery, natural features and cultural heritage in the Australian Capital Territory and Membership inquiries welcome elsewhere, and the reservation of specific areas. Please phone the NPA office. • Interest in the provision of appropriate outdoor recreation areas. The NPA (ACT) office is located in Maclaurin Cres, • Stimulation of interest in, and appreciation and enjoyment Chifley. Office hours are: of, such natural phenomena and cultural heritage by or­ 10am to 2pm Mondays ganised field outings, meetings or any other means 9am to 2pm Tuesdays and Thursdays • Cooperation with organisations and persons having simi­ Telephone/Fax: (06) 282 5813 lar interests and objectives. Address: PO Box 1940, Woden ACT 2606 • Promotion of, and education for, conservation, and the plan­ ning of land-use to achieve conservation. Contribute to your Bulletin Contributions of articles (news, descriptions or fiction), Office-bearers and committee black-and-white photographs and line drawings are President Eleanor Stodart 281 5004(h) keenly sought for the Bulletin. Please label photographs Vice-president Clive Hurlstone 288 7592(h); with the name of the subject, the name of the 246 5516(w) photographer and the date. Leave contributions at the Immediate office or phone the editor, Roger Green, on (06) 247 0059. past president Beverley Hammond 288 6577(h) The editorial fax is (06) 249 7373. Secretary Max Lawrence 288 1370(h); 272 2032(w) Articles by contributors may not necessarily reflect Treasurer Mike Smith 286 2984(h); Association opinion or objectives. 248 3624(w) Deadline for December issue: 1 November 1995. Committee NPA Bulletin is produced by Green Words for the Stephen Johnston 254 3738(h); 264 2100(w) National Parks Association (ACT) Incorporated. The 264 2364 (fax) NPA Bulletin was produced with the assistance of funds Phil Bubb 248 6769(h); 275 8028(w) made available by the ACT Government under the Len Haskew 281 4268(h); fax 281 4257 1994-95 ACT Heritage Grants Program. Colin McAlister 288 4171 Printed on recycled paper by Koomarri Printers, Belconnen, ACT. ISSN 0727-8837 A word from the president

Winter has seen members of NPA's Namadgi. Once a news leak made As well, Nicki has prepared committees and our research officer, it apparent that government responses on our behalf to a request Nicki Taws, putting in some extra considered the management open to for submissions from the Assembly work responding to several events change, we felt we should speak up committee on ecotourism and to the which look as though they may lead for the present management and for Price Waterhouse report on the ACT to a reduction in wilderness in the need for any management to Tourism Strategy. We hope that our Namadgi National Park. recognise that national parks are submissions will help balance the I have been impressed with how primarily established to conserve enthusiasm for money-making with readily we have been able to get valuable natural features. a little recognition of costs, together a series of teams to meet Altogether we have spoken to Gary particularly the longer term ones. Humphries, Michael Moore, Lucy local politicians to put forward our Eleanor Stodart view on the management of Horodny and Paul Osborne.

Volunteers in Parks are Very Important Persons In these days of economic extremely diverse and the list given been successful in securing rationalisation and diminishing ' is just a sample: volunteers. budgets to be spread over existing • work at information desk Once selected, VIPs are given and new parks, it is becoming • present living history training in their specific tasks and increasingly necessary that some demonstrations in period costume to acquaint them with the park. services are initiated or continued • write or design visitors' brochures Volunteers are required to be in with the use of volunteers. In past • serve as camp-ground host reasonably good health and for some years there have been objections by • • build fences, paint buildings jobs a paid-for medical examination unions and management to the use • take photographs or work in a may be required. Disabled of volunteers but generally these darkroom individuals are encouraged to have been overcome and now there • give guided nature walks volunteer. are many groups of Friends of There is no payment for working National Parks and others under a • assist with the preservation and in the park but in some parks, if number of diverse names. treatment of museum artefacts • design computer programs for there are sufficient funds, some out- During a recent visit to a national park use of-pocket expenses such as local park in the United States I acquired • conduct oral history interviews travel costs, meals and uniforms a pamphlet under the title of may be paid. A formal agreement is • patrol tracks on foot or on Volunteers in Parks. It described drafted setting out duties and horseback how those who serve with the responsibilities, work schedule and • demonstrate arts and crafts skills National Parks Service come from conditions of the working • organise photograph and slide a very diverse group of park arrangement. files neighbours, college students, retired The theme of the September issue • inventory underwater resources couples, business managers, of RANGER—A journal for farmers, engineers, scientists, such as shipwrecks found on conservation managers, produced by teachers, lawyers, architects, diving expeditions the Australian Nature Conservation doctors, artists and anyone who • assist resource managers and Agency, is volunteer programs in might feel that they have a skill that researchers by making wildlife national parks and conservation is needed at the park where they counts, planting trees and taking areas. I have submitted an article could volunteer. Persons under 18 part in other projects. 'Working with Volunteers' in which years of age may become volunteers Quite a list! Far beyond the scope I describe the work a Service needs with the official permission of then- of work I have known volunteers to to undertake to successfully employ parents. undertake in our parks. I did not the full services and time available have the opportunity to check the The suggested jobs that from a volunteer group. range of tasks for which they have volunteers could undertake are Reg Alder Fiona Macdonald OAM

All members of our Association will Association for 25 years, serving on she is always concerned that its be delighted to learn that Fiona's the main committee in the positions requirements receive the highest commitment and dedication to the of secretary, membership secretary priority not only from members of cause of conservation was suitably and editor of the Bulletin, and also the Association but also from those rewarded in the Queen's Birthday serving as a committee member. She who manage the park. She is an Honours List when she was awarded is also a long-serving member of the active participant in work parties an OAM 'for service to conservation Namadgi subcommittee. While and in any other activity that and the environment through advances the Association's the National Parks aims and objectives. Association of the Australian Her concern for the Capital Territory'. environment has been Fiona has championed recognised by bodies other conservation and than our Association. Her environmental causes all her colleagues in the Labor Party adult life. Her interest was have also recognised her kindled while she was at commitment and she has been Balmain Teachers College in branch representative on the 1952. There she met Alan Environmental Policy Strom AM who encouraged Subcommittee of the Labor his students to become Party of the ACT. In 1992 she members of the Caloola Club, was appointed by Bill Wood, an organisation which sought the Minister for Environment, to imbue in student teachers Land and Planning, to the an ethos of environmental Environment and protection which they would Conservation Consultative pass on to their pupils. There Committee which advises the can be no doubt that the minister and acts as a point of principles of the Caloola Club liaison on issues relating to the were readily assimilated by environment and its Fiona. Not only did she protection, park management, appreciate the environment nature conservation, urban herself but also throughout park management and her teaching career she outdoor recreation in the ACT. willingly undertook the Also she has been a member voluntary duties of patron of the ACT Natural Heritage and organiser of the Gould Standing Committee. The League (an organisation Museum of Australia has devoted to interesting pupils made an oral history recording in the environment) wherever of her involvement in the Fiona clears out the hole left after removal she was teaching at the time. conservation movement and, of the stump of one of the corner posts at It is of interest to note that in addition, has acquired some the Orroral Homestead restoration. the Caloola Club was the of her early bushwalking gear. Photo by Reg Alder precursor of the National I am sure you will all join Parks Association of NSW with the committee in offering which was formed in 1958. Fiona was secretary, the Fiona our warmest congratulations Fiona's appointment to Canberra Association's proposal for a national for her well-deserved award and saw her become extremely involved park for the ACT was formulated may the recognition bring her as with the idea of the provision of a and forwarded to the government. much pleasure as an overnight national park for the ACT. In 1960 The Association acknowledged her camp in her beloved Namadgi. she became a foundation member of dedication and effort by declaring Len Haskew the National Parks Association her a Life Member in 1986. (ACT) and she has since had Fiona remains a passionate continuous membership. Fiona advocate for Namadgi National occupied various positions in the Park and at subcommittee meetings Skis on the Brindabellas

Author, historian and NPA member, hand when access was easy then the meeting, I would highly recommend Matthew Higgins, was the guest snow cover wasn't the best for that you read either Matthew's own speaker at the May general meeting skiing. Indeed, many of the people book, Skis on the Brindabellas, or of the Association. Matthew's slide Matthew interviewed related Ian Fraser's and Margaret and tape presentation concentrated transport stories about the various McJannett's Brindabella Heritage. on the history of skiing locally and trucks and buses used to get skiers In fact why not read both—they are the construction and use of Mt in. available at excellent prices on the Franklin Chalet. The many historic The club's skiing activities book table at general meetings. and scenic slides shown throughout declined during the war, although Len Haskew the presentation were greatly the chalet was used by Dutch appreciated by his audience as were airmen for R & R. When the war was the taped interviews with local over activities began again, this identities. In particular the tape time with the addition of very recounting long-time member Pat experienced and competitive skiers Warkle's experiences in constructing who had migrated to Australia from her own skis from spotted gum Europe. In 1949 and in 1957 the club Native Title claims under the tutelage of Charles Lane- hosted the Balmain Cup Pool had poignant significance for The National Native Title competition. many members. Tribunal's role is to process Members' labours and claims by Aboriginal and Matthew began his presentation resourcefulness were still necessary Torres Strait Islander peoples by asking his audience to reflect on to undertake improvements. In 1957 over Australian lands and the physical and seasonal changes the engine from a Harley Davidson waters. The tribunal is not a that occur throughout the year in bike was used to build a tow and in court and disputed claims that the high country. During this period 1957 an accident-damaged Austin fail to be resolved by mediation we were treated to a wonderful A40 was used to power a lift. Its will be referred to the Federal selection of scenic slides of the remains are still evident today and Court for litigation. Alpine National Park illustrating they stand in marked contrast to the The NPA has received the theme to the accompaniment of elaborate machinery now notification of Native Title appropriate music. Bushwalkers considered necessary at modern claims. Further information and skiers were easily able to relate resorts. about these claims is available to the various areas shown. Matthew showed us pictures of from the NPA office. Early Canberra skiers were other lodges in the area including apparently very conscious of the the RMC complex at Ginini. An power of politicians and saw the interesting side benefit of the wisdom of making the Minister of military presence was the use of the Interior a patron of the RMC vehicles for clearing snow. Canberra Alpine Club and of Matthew also had many historic electing the federal Treasurer, R G pictures to show us depicting the Casey, to an official position. A road social life and very evident was built into the Brindabellas, the camaraderie within the club. This site for a lodge was selected in 1936 impression was also fostered by the and Mt Franklin Chalet was taped interviews we heard. constructed in 1938. Mt Franklin Chalet played an Even though the club now had a important role in local recreational lodge, resourcefulness was still the activities and its significance has If it does, this will be the order of the day. Club members been recognised through last Bulletin you receive made their own skis from local classification by the National Trust until you renew your timber, hand-cut their own ski runs and a nomination to the Register of membership. and, because of the road conditions, the National Estate. they were often towed into the area Matthew's enthusiasm for the If you have already paid and on skis behind a vehicle. Transport area was evident throughout his have a red dot, please contact difficulties made weekend trips presentation. For those of you who Maureen in the office on often very short indeed. On the other were not able to come to the 282 5813. An introduction to the Alpine Track outcrops all on the ridge overlooking the last fifty metres or so of the road was given in Babette Scougall's the Orroral Valley to the west, will to the collimation site. article in the July issue of the add time and distance to the walk. The exit from the Booroomba site Bulletin, and the same article Worthwhile deviations along the is to the south-west of the oval- included a description of the first ACT section of tho track will be shaped area. A T' intersection is stage of the walk from Namadgi described in a later issue of the immediately encountered with no Visitor Centre to Booroomba Rocks Bulletin. A brief description of the Alpine Track marker to indicate that car park/camp-site. The following Honeysuckle Creek Tracking the right-hand turn must be taken. article describes Stage 2 from the Station (now closed) is included in The track continuing to the left is Booroomba Rocks site to the Orroral this article. blocked by a log. From here until the Valley. Note that the road to the Apollo Road (bitumen) is reached, Stage 2 is entirely along either collimation site is negotiable by two- the track is a coarse, rather narrow, roads or a four-wheel-drive track. wheel-drive vehicles in good two-wheel track. As Booroomba Deviations to various features, for weather, but in July snow is likely Rocks appears to be a popular place instance the collimation tower site to be covering the top of the ridge. to visit at weekends, keep a lookout (now dismantled) and three rock It is also very likely to be covering for vehicles appearing suddenly

The firetrail from Honeysuckle to Orroral passes through attractive natural forest. Bev Hammond, one of the members of the Namadgi Subcommittee who reconnoitred the second day's walk along the Alpine Track, begins the climb over the ridge. Photo by Babette Scougall around the many bends. Open forest with lovely eucalypts and many Boor aim to RotKc ^ Cay PARK-jr boulders provide a stimulating backdrop to the walk. Soon after leaving the camp-site you will enter (not marked) the 61 property taken up by Andrew To Canb*rrtt McMahon probably as early as the 1860s. It extended to just south-west of the Honeysuckle Tracking Station 60 site and the site of the huts he built is about one kilometre down the Apollo Road from the Booroomba Rocks road intersection. maio KAOI fc-^ad At 1.5 kilometres the track Coll motion if! steepens while at 1.8 kilometres 58 there is a steeper section that some ^rs;— LALPITTrtwjck, A\>RKET__» drivers, especially those in smaller cars and carrying three or four people, might have difficulty ST negotiating: a descending right- angle bend in the track precludes TO ^ drivers taking a run at the slope. Walkers should keep clear of cars coming up the slope. Nifty gear t: 25.QOO shifting perhaps with double E5 declutching might be necessary in very wet or extremely dry conditions as well as keeping up the revolutions. T9 00 .5*

The swampy section of "TO Honeysuckle Creek is reached at about 2.5 kilometres and at 2.7 there is a small creek crossing and then the climb up to the old quarry at the The bitumen road swings The Alpine Track now follows the edge of the Apollo Road. Close to the immediately left up the slope to the gravel road up to the site of the road there is a right-hand fork first of the landscaped terraces. collimation tower in the ridge which should be taken until it joins From here, the concrete foundations overlooking the Orroral Valley. with the bitumen. Proceed about 50 of the now demolished buildings can Again it traverses open eucalypt metres to a park management be seen. The information board tells forest with the usual large boulders. information board. As the edge of us that one of the functions of the The Alpine Track diverts to the left Apollo Road is reached, look to the tracking station (opened in 1966) to follow the four-wheel-drive track left across the bitumen to see the was to support the Apollo moon down to the valley floor just below Alpine Track marker. This indicates landing program. At the third the collimation site. The road itself that you turn to the right to head in terrace, further up the slope, starts a few metres into the entrance a south-westerly direction, that is, concrete foundations mark the site of the gravel car park, this entrance in the direction of the information of the 26-metre parabolic dish that, being to the right of the two steel board. This board features a when the station was closed in 1981, posts. The start to the road (and topographical map of the area as was moved to the Orroral Valley Alpine Track) is marked by a parks well as a map of the ACT. Follow the Tracking Station. The gardens of management black marker post. bitumen curving to the left for 400- exotic trees and shrubs still remain. The arrow shows the left direction 500 hundred metres. Two steel posts I wonder if we'll ever have to to be taken and the post has the mark where the bitumen road contend with wilding exotic trees words 'Honeysuckle Creek to enters the tracking station site and and shrubs in the surrounding bush Orroral Valley Walking Track' to the right there is the gravel car just as we've had to contend with printed on it. park. wilding pines in bushland near pine Two hundred metres or so to the plantations. left there is a minor fork blocked off The Australian Alps Walking unofficial. From here on there are a with its arrow indicating the left Track project few ups and downs—not all of them turn to Orroral, again with the words 'Honeysuckle Creek to continued from previous page minor—until finally at 1.4 kilometres the road crosses the main Orroral Valley Walking Track' by a log. Another management creek for the second time at a appearing on it. The main road marker tells you to proceed up the possible camp-site with flat space for continues up to the collimation site main road; and at 0.45 kilometres perhaps four two-person tents. At at 1365 metres. the Haskew high-tech pedometer 2.0 kilometres there is a minor side­ Proceeding down this Orroral tells us that there is a creek crossing track to the right and about 200 track there is a locked gate at about at this point. This particular metres up the road the main creek 50 metres. A notice on it says not to crossing is where the creek that is crossed again. Running water is park cars in front of the gate so the drains the north-east slopes of the still available but camping would track won't be blocked in case it is Orroral ridge and the lateral hills hardly be possible because of the needed for bush fire access. Anyone that border this road flows under the steep terrain on either side of the wishing to drive up to the turn-off road to finally join with road. with a view to walking down to and Honeysuckle Creek itself via the At 2.85 kilometres and at an back from Orroral, should park at south-east side of the tracking altitude of 1280 metres, the left- the one or two spots available just station site. I call this creek the hand turn to the south-easterly short of the turn-off Beyond the 'main' creek. heading four-wheel-drive track to gate, pleasant open forest still One aspect of this section of the the Orroral Valley is reached. It is a prevails. There is a rocky rise to the Alpine Track that we decided to 'T' intersection. The Alpine Track left after 200 metres or so which include in this article was the marker, with its appropriate arrow could form the take-off point for a location of running water with its heads, is on the right but, due to deviation from the west up to the concomitant possibility of camp­ vegetation, is not easily discovered previously mentioned 'Spinnaker' sites. We thought that there might as it is approached from the rock outcrop. At about 3.45 be overnight walkers who, having downhill side. However, on the left- kilometres down the track there is commenced the walk at the visitor hand side of the road there is swampy ground on the left and both centre, might consider that the another management marker post sides become so after about 300 Booroomba Rocks stage was too metres. Where this swampy patch short for one day, and hence would finishes there is (in late July) be looking for a further camp-site. running water available, but this Running water availability varies of appears to be only seepage from the course with time of the year and swamp and in summer it is sure to rainfall; and the creek crossings I be dry. At this point there is an old indicate in this article are those fireplace site. An immense mass of existing in July—they might not rock comes up on the right at 5.05 exist in summer The crossings I do while at 5.61 there is a mossy ruck give on this particular road are the to the left and a sharp right-hand 1 'main ones by which I mean that turn. The Orroral Homestead can be they are crossings of the above main seen through the trees to the right, creek. There are three of them. and the descent steepens. At 6.2 Further, as will be seen from the Cathedral Rocks are on the left high map, the main creek parallels the up. The descent is still steep and road, the greatest distance from it winding and at 6.66 there is, in late being about 200 metres, so that it is July, running water and a possible possible that water would be camp-site. The track has swung available from it even in summer. around to the north-west and the old This would apply for about 1.2 dog-proof fence is on the left as the kilometres for the first main floor of the valley is neared at 6.9. crossing at 0.45 kilometres. Acamp- View from the bridge across the At 7.16 there is a potential camp­ site implies the availability of some Orroral River looking downstream site in cleared ground on the right flat ground for pitching tents. and in flat open forest ground at the towards the Orroral Tracking At 0.73 and for some distance left. Water might be available in a Station site. Plenty of good before it, a rock outcrop high up top nearby creek in winter. The edge of camping sites—close to river or to the south (left) is seen. This goes the cleared Orroral Valley is reached back in the shelter of the trees— by the unimpressive name of 'The at 7.98 and then, with the track available near here. Photo by Spinnaker'. The name is probably heading westerly, the bridge across Babette Scougall Birds seen along the track in July The wind whistled in the trees all day but the birds were not remotely in competition. In fact it was difficult to find birds at all, whistling or not. On the first section of the track from the Namadgi Visitor Centre the sheer numbers (if not species) of birds added much to the pleasure of that lovely walk, but on this second stretch from Booroomba Rocks car park to Orroral Valley it was a different story. "This was mid­ winter, windy and during a rather cold spell, even by ACT standards, whereas the first section had been covered at the height of the honeyeater migration from the Brindabella Range. There was not even a magpie or a currawong or a gal ah to see us off from the car park. The first encounter was with a white-eared honeyeater, common enough at this elevation in winter but always a pleasure to watch. A few parties of striated thornbills flitted high

; in the swaying canopy as we made our/way-towards the former; Frank Clements, Stephen Johnston and Nicki Taws make their way across Honeysuckles Space Tracking'-* snow on the road to the old collimation tower site on Orroral Ridge—July Stations site.- There-was a littler 1995. Photo by Babette Scougall .more activity here-and.along.the rest of the track: wMte-tbxoated' ktreecreeper^easte'miyeUowTobm^.^ gang-gang cockatoo, crimson1 the Orroral River is reached at 8.1 the locked gate. For anyone walking •rosella,- golden whistler, superb from Booroomba Rocks or the and at an elevation of 920 metres. fairy-wren-and magpie (white-, The descent from the collimation Honeysuckle Tracking Station and -'backed).^There were good^views ofn with a car shuffle arrangement, site road is thus 360 metres. At the crescent ;honeyeatere feedings in:; intersection of another two-wheel then this is the turn to take to pick . the:banksias.;According-.tp;BJrds^ track at right angles about 400 up the car and/or inspect the :of the ACT: An Atlas, they.are more „ metres further on, the Alpine Track tracking station site. The remainder frequently, encountered in'the 'territory in winter than- in marker indicates that the Alpine of this article describes the latter ^summer,-disappearing from-many^ Track takes the right-hand turn, alternative. " parts inSeptember. heading presumably to Rowley's At 8.83 on the left, down towards Other prevalent species-for Hut about 2 kilometres to the north­ the river, there is a weather station. ' interested walkers,to look out for west. The Haskew all-singing, all- Sometime later the track becomes would be bothpardalotes, brown dancing pedometer tells us that we indistinct but continues in the same .and; yellow-rumped.-thornbills, have walked 8.47 kilometres from direction. Fences can be seen and "grey shrike-thrush,grey;fantail,,„ Honeysuckle Creek Tracking possibly the one building on the •=: eastern spinebill, kookaburra and* Station site. The track we have been site—the recently completed solar- ' woriga pigeon as well as migratory) v following continues on in a westerly powered toilet. The locked gate and *honeyeaters (fuscous, white- direction to pick up the Cotter Hut the style are to the half right, the -napedf yellow-faced)^ whicn; dor' winter here but "in reduced road, while the left track from the tracking station site to the half left. mumbers from the summer influx.:* intersection heads towards the Proceeding half left there is the Orroral Tracking Station site and alternative of climbing over a fence ' Phyl Goddard The Australian Alps Walking satellites orbiting the earth, the canteen served meals 24 hours a Track project operators being the Australian day, seven days a week for up to 180 government and NASA. It people for 19 years. The site of the continued from previous page participated in the meeting of 26-metre parabolic dish is at the then crossing a soggy drain (in late Russian and American astronauts in south-east extremity of the complex. July), or paraflelling the fence until 1974, and the first flights to the This dish presumably came from the the bitumen road into the site is Columbia shuttle in 1981. It was Honeysuckle Creek site when it reached just 100 metres further on. closed in 1984 when other satellites closed in 1981, and if I remember Taking the road alternative, turn took over the monitoring. There are rightly it went to the University of left at the gate and enter the site. graphics boards at each of the Tasmania when Orroral closed in The road to the toilet is on the left, building sites in the complex 1984. there is a car park and an describing the function of each. Each The pedometer gave a reading of information board. On this board we site now of course is marked only by 12.5 kilometres at the site. concrete foundations. The graphic at learn that this station operated from Frank Clements 1965 to 1984. It communicated with the canteen site says how the

This section of the Alpine Walking welcome splash of colour when little thicket can be seen beside the Track traverses several typical else is flowering. Another acacia, the track on the flat 500 metres past subalpine vegetation types. The blackwood wattle (A. melanoxylon), the locked gate below the old most common trees seen along is easily identified in the forest by Honeysuckle coUimation tower. the walk are the mountain gum its bright green phyllodes or 'leaves', At the top of the ridge between (Eucalyptus dalrympleana), in contrast to the more sombre blue- Honeysuckle Creek and Orroral snowgum (E. pauciflora) and green or grey-green of many other Valley, the forest has a more narrow-leaved peppermint {E. shrubs. Blackwood may grow into a alpine character. Mountain gum robertsonii) with occasional large tree in good soils and is and snowgum are the dominant appearances by candlebark (E. distinguished from other large trees and for the first time on this rubida), black sallee (E. acacias by the pale cream flowers walk the golden shaggy-pea stellulata), broad-leaved produced in spring. A third wattle (Oxylobium ellipticum), a peppermint (E. dives) and manna which may be seen on this walk is common subalpine shrub, is gum or ribbon gum (E. Viminalis). the wedge-leaf wattle (A. prevalent in the understorey. The common eucalypts can be provissima) with small triangular Exotic species—spear thistle seen at the beginning of the walk phyllodes on drooping branches and (Cirsium vulgare), mullein at Booroomba camp-site, a large bright yellow flowers in spring. (Verbascum tkaspus) and briar flat saddle with an attractive Honeysuckle is the name early rose (Rosa rubiginosa)—start to open forest and grassy settlers gave to the banksia and, appear close to the former grazing understorey. The main variety appropriately enough, occasional lands of the Orroral Valley. The and colour in the vegetation along patches of the silver banksia cleared valley floor is the rest of the walk are provided (Banksia marginata) can be found predominantly native grasses by the range of understorey alongside the track in the and herbs with some introduced shrubs- Honeysuckle Creek area. Some of pasture species and weeds such Common shrubs include leafy the pale yellow flower spikes can be as briar rose, St John's wort bitter-pea (Daviesia mimosoides), found at almost anytime of the year, (Hypericum perfoliatum) and with masses of small orange pea pioviding an important source of willows along the Orroral River. flowers in spring, the seemingly nectar to many honeyeaters. The valley is a haven for leafless broom-like pale-fruit In damp situations along the kangaroos and grassland birds ballart (Exocarpos strictus), flatter gullies and hillside springs, such as magpies, galahs and which has pale mauve edible the dry forest gives way to dense flame robins. Scattered black fruits in autumn, and two thickets of woolly tea-tree sallee and snowgum struggle to cassinia species with bunches of (Leptospermum lanigerum), regenerate and regain a foothold small cream flowers over mountain baeckea (Baeckea utilis) in the cold frosty conditions of the summer. The silver wattle and heath (Epacris breviflora) or to valley floor. {Acacia dealbata) produces its open grassy swamps as along Nicki Taws yellow flowers in the mid to late Honeysuckle Creek near Apollo winter and early spring, a Road. Agood example of the tea-tree Australian Alps World Heritage nomination

In 1977 the Australian Academy of Track into the ACT is an example of that it definitely meets the Science drew the Australian this cooperation.) The committee strict criteria for World Government's attention to what' had the foresight to commission a Heritage listing should be one of Australia's World prominent biogeographer, Professor • the state and territory Heritage areas. The Victorian Jamie Kirkpatrick, to prepare a governments have indicated National Parks Association also report on the outstanding natural that they are willing to recognised the importance of the values of the Australian Alps. His discuss the matter and it is area and, together with the National report involved six years' work and now up to the Commonwealth Parks Associations of the ACT and was completed in 1993. For reasons to arrange such a meeting. NSW, commissioned Dr Geoff best known to the committee it was Mosley to prepare a report on an not generally released to the public (2) Write to Mr Humphreys, ACT area which logically included not until 1994. Minister for Environment, Land only the Victorian Alpine Park but and Planning, asking his Kirkpatrick's report is titled The also Kosciusko and Namadgi. This government to support the International Significance of the report was completed in 1988 and nomination and cooperate with Natural Values of the Australian was accepted by Joan Rimer, then the Commonwealth. Alps and unequivocally states that Victorian Minister for Conservation, there is absolutely no doubt that the (3) You can also support the cause Forests and Lands, who area is of World Heritage by forwarding a tax-deductible subsequently officially launched the significance. His major finding, like donation d- Victorian National Australian Alps World Heritage that of Mosley, is that the vegetation Parks Association, 10 Parliament nomination. is of a universally outstanding Place, East Melbourne 3002. Mosley"s excellent report (copies of value. He also concludes that the Len Haskew which are in our library and make area ranks just behind the interesting and informative Tasmanian wilderness and Kakadu reading) based the nomination in World Heritage attributes. recomhiendation on the area's Unfortunately, work such as that distinctive sclerophyll vegetation. of Mosley and Kirkpatrick does not The report claims that the ensure that the heritage value of the Can you help? vegetation of the Australian Alps is area is sacrosanct. There is talk of The Australian National Parks unique in world terms and also that almost 1000 additional beds being Council—the national umbrella conservation areas have the least made available in Kosciusko body for national parks disturbed extensive sclerophyll National Park and the Victorian associations and conservation forests in the world. However, Alpine Resorts Commission has councils—will hold its annual despite the detailed scientific study recommended the removal of the meeting in Canberra on the and Moslems cogent reasoning, the ban on the expansion of resorts in weekend of 21-22 October 1995. importance of the region seems to nearby areas. Horse tour operators We urgently need billets on have been overlooked by all levels are also proliferating. Friday 20 October and Saturday of government. This non-listing is I think it is now an important time 21 October and transport to the difficult to come to terms with when for individuals to act and to meeting in Latham for a number other areas continue to be listed. endeavour to ensure that World of interstate delegates. If you can It seems to me that one positive Heritage nomination is made at the provide accommodation for our outcome from the suggestion that earliest possible date. guests for these nights and/or the nomination should include all The VNPA suggests that it would transport to the meeting, could mainland alpine areas was the be appropriate for you to: you please ring Stephen formation of the Alpine Liaison Johnston—254 3738 (home) or (1) Write to Senator Faulkner and Committee, which operates under a 264 2100 (work)—as soon as (if possible) Mr Keating, asking Memorandum of Understanding on possible. the Commonwealth to take the the Cooperative Management of the This is a good opportunity for initiative in moving the next step Australian Alps. This body manages those who would like to assist of the nomination. In your letter to ensure that state and territory the NPA but are unable to par­ governments work cooperatively, at it is suggested that you make the ticipate in our committees and least in part, and overcome following points: other activities. parochial concerns. (The extension • the area has.been thoroughly Your help will be much of the Australian Alps Walking investigated and Kirkpatrick's appreciated. authoritative report shows PARKWATCH

Little protection for Green jobs announced permanent protection of the Kitlope valley, which constitutes Victoria's coastal Green waste consists largely of lawn three-quarters of the Greater waters clippings and prunings, and Kitlope ecosystem. In an interesting currently costs Perth schools development, rather than creating The Land Conservation Council's $100 000 per year to transport to •a provincial park similar in status Marine and Coastal Proposed landfill sites. Green waste disposal to a national park, the area will be Recommendations, released in mid- methods—composting and jointly managed by the government April, fail dismally to make mulching—are being investigated in and the Haisla. recommendations that will result in trials at two Perth schools with the Bogong, Canberra and South-East the long-term protection of Victoria's aim of reducing waste disposal costs Region Environment Centre, marine environment. Only 1.4 per and generating school income. Autumn 1995 cent of Victoria's coastal waters are Spring Cleaners is a community recommended as Sanctuary Areas enterprise that is attracting work and these areas allow for the from community organisations, Wet Tropics under possible removal of marine biota for offices and households. The three restocking other areas. The report people apply non-toxic agents such threat also recommends that all existing as vinegar and bicarbonate of soda. Almost seven years after listing as MEPAs be downgraded and Due to the positive community a World Heritage site, there is still: regulations be left to the discretion response, Spring Cleaners is likely • no general legislative protection of the Department of Conservation to continue as a viable operation • no management plan and Natural Resources. Other areas after the project. • no joint management with called Marine Parks may allow for Another community enterprise Aboriginal people oil, gas and mineral extraction, likely to continue after completion • a proliferation of developments aquaculture and various other forms of the project is one developing and proposals, such as SkyRail, of commercial fishing. organic produce and teaching East Trinity Inlet and the Park Watch, Victorian National organic farming skills to holiday Chalumbin-Woree power line. Parks Association, June 1995 programs, government agencies and community organisations. Cairns and Far North Environment Centre Newsletter, June 1995 Labor's wilderness Habitat, Australian Conservation Foundation, April 1995 moratorium Endangered Tibet The Colong Foundation is delighted First nation wins The fragile and unique ecosystems with the progress made by the Carr of the Tibetan plateau have been Labor Government on its wilderness forest victory mercilessly exploited over the past policy. Mr Yeadon, Minister for Land The Haisla are the traditional four decades. Overgrazing, massive and Water Conservation, addressed landowners of the Kitlope deforestation, decimation of wildlife, the House and reported that: "We watershed, a huge river system of nuclear testing and huge transfers have begun implementing our over a million acres which contains of population have caused policy. Firstly, we have ceased the world's largest remaining intact irreversible damage to the logging in all areas of identified coastal cool-temperate rainforest. environment of the 'roof of the wilderness in New South Wales. The ecosystem ranges from coastal world'. Since most of Asia's life- Currently there is no logging in marshes through old-growth spruce giving rivers rise in Tibet, this identified wilderness in New South and cedar forests and merges into destruction of the ecological balance Wales, and that will remain the case alpine meadows at the higher threatens hundreds of millions of in the future. That is an election altitudes. It is important habitat for people living on the Indian sub­ promise fulfilled. On 11 May we bears, mountain goats, moose and continent, in China and South-East stopped logging within the Deua wolves. It is also the last part of Asia. The destruction is continuing. wilderness, in the Dampier State traditional Haisla territory to The Dalai Lama and the Tibetan Forest in the state's south-east. remain intact and acts as a source Government in Exile have Deua includes catchment areas for of cultural and spiritual inspiration developed a far-reaching strategy to Georges Creek and Diamond Creek.' for the people. The Haisla have overcome the problems of present- The Colong Bulletin, Colong worked to protect the area for many day Tibet. The Dalai Lama has Foundation for Wilderness, July years. proposed the transformation of the 1995 In August 1994, the Haisla Nation whole of Tibet into a 'zone ofAhimsa' and the Premier of British Columbia (from the Sanskrit 'non-harming'), PARKWATCH

a world peace sanctuary where both on-park and off-park made with the owners to purchase individuals and organisations conservation management under the property with funds from the dedicated to the protection of life the Nature Conservation Act. Daintree Rescue Programme. A could live in harmony with the This Budget allocation means an national parks ranger is at the natural environment. Accordingly, extra 25 staff for national park property with a warrant to monitor laws would be reintroduced to management and 28 staff for off- the situation and ensure compliance protect plant and wildlife, and to park conservation management. with the conservation order. regulate the exploitation of natural Ten of these 28 positions will be The 58 ha lowland tropical resources. dedicated to providing extension rainforest property adjoins the Wet Bogong, Canberra and South-East services to rural communities, five Tropics World Heritage Area and Region Environment Centre, will deal with town and regional has a long frontage to the Cape Autumn 1995 planning issues and the remainder Tribulation road and was identified will be dedicated to research. Only by the Daintree Vegetation Audit as two of these positions are expected having very high conservation Urgent need to to be based in Brisbane with the values. It is a known cassowary conserve Asian other 26 being divided across the habitat and contains many rare and state. More than half the rare and threatened species mcluding some fishery endangered flora and fauna species species so rare, scientists are yet to Expertise gained by Australian of this state are outside our national name them. CSIRO scientists at Sarawak, parks. Alarge part of the additional NPA News, National Parks Malaysia, has led to their funding will be used to increase the Association of Queensland, June involvement in a million-dollar operational budgets of national park 1995 project to assist in the conservation rangers. of a major Bangladesh fishery. NPA News, National Parks Division of Fisheries researchers Association of Queensland, July Struggle for Tarkine have formed a management plan to 1995 The Tarkine wilderness area in ease the fishing pressure on north-west Tasmania includes the Sarawak's important Terubok largest sub-temperate rainforest in fishery. Now they are becoming Diamantina Lakes Australia. It has a wealth of diverse involved in a project with The Queensland Government has flora and fauna and contains Bangladesh's Fisheries Research secured a large area of bilby habitat Aboriginal sites which have Institute in an effort to preserve that following finalisation of extensive remained undisturbed for hundreds country's huge hilsa fishery. negotiations with AMP, the property of years. This fishery has an annual catch owners of Davenport Downs. The Despite the Tarkine being of 200 000 tonnes—more than the new park of 246 000 ha will be recommended for World Heritage entire Australian yearly total—and added to the nearby Diamantina listing, both the State and federal employs 2.5 million people. It Lakes National Park. AMP will also governments have consented to represents 30 per cent of total be supporting further research into buuding a road that will open the Bangladesh fish production and is bilby habitat and threats to its way for logging, mining and disease the most important single source of survival to the tune of $500 000 over in an area of unique biodiversity. protein for many of the country's 120 five years. The government will Paul Keating has one last chance million people. match this funding dollar for dollar. to fulfil the federal government's obligation to nominate the Tarkine Ecos, CSIRO, Winter 1995 NPA News, National Parks to World Heritage listing as Association of Queensland, June determined by the World Heritage 1995 Funding for Council. The last 10 kilometres of Queensland's national the 'road to nowhere' is due to be parks Daintree clearing bulldozed in November of this year. A leaked document has recently The first interim conservation order Management of Queensland's proven that the link road is under the Nature Conservation Act national parks has received a 'infrastructure for mining and has been placed on a rainforest funding boost in the Budget with an forestry "needs'". property in the Daintree to block an extra $12 million allocated. The $12 imminent threat of clearing. The ACTwild, The Wilderness Society million for national park interim conservation order will be (ACT Branch), Winter 1995 management is only part of $35.6 in place for 60 days during which million set aside over three years for time it is hoped negotiations can be Coree conundrum

Leaving the Pabral Road which encircles the northern ridge of Mt Coree Coree, Eric Pickering Pickering climbed steeply towards the summit. A vantage point on a knoll at 651922 (Cotter Dam 1:25000) gave extensive views to the east over the whole of Canberra and, to the south, the Tidbinbilla range. At this point Eric found an unusual arrangement of rocks formed in the shape of a rectangle a little larger than two by one metres. Its formation was unlikely to be natural. Eric asked me if I would join him on another visit to determine, possibly by divining, what the purpose of the arrangement might have been. On this occasion we drove along the now very rough Two Sticks Road from Piccadilly Circus, removing one fallen tree and negotiating many deep puddles to the Coree summit turn- off. We then walked up the road to the bend near the knoll at spot height 1275. It is always difficult to locate an on-ground feature after walking through bush which has no prominent above-ground features. At first an unsuccessful search was made on this knoll. We then dropped down to the second knoll at 651922 and the site was soon found at the edge of the cliff. Stones had been arranged to form a low wall in the shape of a rectangle, the inner space cleared of loose rock and levelled off. Just the The smaller of the two stone arrangements on the northern ridge of Coree. size for a small tent or a space The area within the lines of stones has been cleared of all stones and simply to lie down in. levelled to a smooth surface. Photo by Reg Alder Nearby on the western slope a larger area nearer square in shape had been similarly outlined by a low First thoughts were that they may There was a possibility that these line of rocks. On one wall a space have been boundary markers and the lines of stones enclosed graves but had been left as if for entry. levelled sections the camps of surveyors a check by divining gave no Similarly the internal space had when the ACT border was being indications of the digging of trenches been cleared of loose rocks and the surveyed. Water would have been a and filling them in. surface levelled. Scattered about on problem. A check of the map showed Therein lies the problem: when, by the ridge, stones had been piled into that at this location the border left the whom and for what purpose were cairns and in lines. Neither of these summit watershed north-east in a these arrangements made? Any two feature types was on the crest straight line and we were then 0.4 km knowledge or suggestions? of the ridge. into New South Wales. Reg Alder ' Sep to 2 Oct long weekend pack walk 21 October Saturday walk 1/A «t Talaterang Ref: CIVIW BudaVNIftgjflKeiss Black Mountain nature ramble Ref: ACT 1:100000 Outings program Leader: Stephen Forst Phone: 279 1326w 251 6817h Leader: George Chippendale Phone: 281 2454h Contact leader by Wednesday for details. After a long drive, Meet at Belconnen Way entrance to Black Mountain Reserve October-December 1995 an easy pack walk of 2.5 hours over flat terrain to a camp site (several hundred metres to the east of Caswell Drive) at at the top of Nyanga Falls (no sleepwalkers please!). Asolid 9.30am. A morning ramble to see the flowers. Suitable for day walk to the top of Mt Talaterang through some scrub. those aged 4—80. Bring your morning tea, camera, binoculars 500kms $100 per car. and Wild About Canberra. Finish by midday.

8 October Sunday walk 2/A/D/E/F 22 October Sunday walk 2/A Mt Orroral Ref: Rendezvous Creek 1:25000 Boboyan Huts Ref: Yaouk 1:25000 O Leader: Mick Kelly Phone: 241 2330h Leader: Len Haskew Phone: 281 4268h Meet at Kambah Village shops at 8.30 am. A walk up past Meet at Kambah Village shops at 8am. From Boboyan Pines the lunar laser ranger and further to Mt Orroral (1609 on car park, walk along old forestry roads to visit two fairly- map). From Mt Orroral the walk is south-east to join the recently built huts—Franks Hut (1950s) and Hospital Hut Nursery Swamp track. Some track walking, some scrambling (1960s). Hopefully, we might also be able to say farewell to and some scrub. Short car shuffle. Climb about 700m—dis­ the notorious pines, too! Suitable for beginners. 100 km drive tance about 10km. 80 km drive $16 per car. $20 per car.

14 October Saturday tour 23 October—Monday evening Canberra and district native grasslands Outings 'committee' picnic tea Bookings: Stephen Johnston Phone: 254 3738h Leonie and Phil Bubb Phone: 248 6769h 275 8028w Outings guide Contact Stephen to make a booking by 6 October. Sarah Sharp, Anybody is welcome to attend a picnic tea from 7pm at our Grasslands Project Officer with the ACT Parks and Conser­ place to thank leaders, to plan new year's program or just to Day walks carry lunch, drinks and protective clothing. vation Service, will lead a tour of native grassland sites in talk about past or future walks. Simple food will be available Pack walks two or more days, carry all food and camping Canberra and district, describing their composition, ecology or you may bring your own. If you would like to come, please requirements. CONTACT LEADER BY and management requirements. A bus will be chartered if let us know a few days before to help plan catering. WEDNESDAY. numbers warrant and the cost advised at time of booking. Car camps facilities often limited or non-existent. 28 October Saturday walk 2/A/B/E vehicles taken to site can be used for 14 October Saturday walk 3/A/C The Pimple Ref: Tidbinbilla 1:25000 camping. BOOK EARLY WITH LEADER. Cotter Rocks-Rock Flats Ref: Corin Dam, Leader: Max Lawrence 272 2032w or 288 1370h Other activities include nature rambles, environmental and Rendezvous Creek 1:25000 Meet at the Kambah Village shops at 8.30am. From the car field guide studies and ski tours. Leader: Murray Dow Phone: 257 4371h park in the Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve (above the koala en­ Walks gradings Book with the leader by Thursday for this joint walk with closure), along the ridge and down to The Pimple, a remark­ CBC. Usual easy walk to Cotter Gap, up to Split Rock and able rock outcrop on the western side of the range. A surpris­ Distance grading (per day) across the mysterious Rock Flats for lunch. Cross the head of ingly wild and remote spot with no hint of its proximity to 1 - up to 10 km Rendezvous Creek and over tops North of Mt Orroral, de­ Canberra. Return by the same route. 60km $12 per car. 2 - 10 km to 15 km scending clear area at GR 73558 to rejoin Orroral Valley Road. 3 - 15 km to 20 km Much light scrub but, except for Cotter Gap, no big climbs. 18 31 October Tuesday history ramble 4 - above 20 km kins. Not for beginners. 80 km drive $16 per car. Nil Desperandum property in Tidbinbilla Terrain grading Nature Reserve A - Road, firetrail, track 15 October Sunday walk 2/A/E Leader: Rob Forster Phone: 249 8546h B - Open forest Bungonia Gorge Ref: Caoura 1:25000 Meet at 2pm at the Tidbinbilla Visitor Information Centre. C - Light scrub Leader: Mike Smith Phone: 286 2984h 248 3624w Ranger-guided two-hour visit to this historic, heritage-listed D - Patches of thick scrub, regrowth Meet at Southwell Park and corner of Northbourne Ave at house constructed last century. Beautiful setting, with arbo­ E - Rock scrambling 8am. A steep walk on track down to the Shoalhaven River retum and propagation of exotic shrubs, and an old eucalyp­ F - Exploratory. then downstream to Bungonia Creek. Follow creek upstream tus still. You may like to take afternoon tea. 60km drive $12. through the spectacular Bungonia Gorge. Climb 400m out via the steep 'Efflux' route. 220 km drive $44 per car. 5 November Sunday walk 1/A/B 17-l^^ovember four day car camp l/djf Ginini Cascades Ref: Corin 1:25000 Wingen Inlet Ref: Croajingalong, 2-3 December Ski lodge weekend with day walks Leader: Lyle Mark Phone: 286 2801h Mallacoota 1:25000 Ref: Kosciusko 1:50000 Meet at Eucumbene Drive and Cotter Road at 8.45am. A6km Leader: Murray Dow Phone: 257 4371h Leader: Phil Bubb Phone: 248 6769h 275 8028w walk from Mt Ginini through Arboretum no. 26, across Ginini Please check with leader by Wedesday. An informal camp at Contact the leader at least two weeks in advance to reserve a Flats. Lunch at Ginini Cascades. Optional 100m return climb Wingen Inlet, just east of Cann River in Victoria. The pres­ place. Day walks to Mt Tate and Consett Stephen Pass or on good track to Mt Ginini summit. Suit beginners and fami­ ence of a four year old constrains walks to be short, however relax. Bring sheets, pillowcases, towels and all food with pos­ lies. 120km drive $24 per car. others can do longer walks. A small boat for crossing the la­ sibility of co-operative cooking of early Christmas celebration. goon would be useful. Ground parrots, emu-wrens and 400km $80 per car (plus entry to park). 4-11 November week-long pack walk goannas. About 600 kms $120 per car. Ettrema Gorge Ref: Tbuga, Nerriga, Yalwal 1:25000 10 December Sunday Christmas Party Leader: Stephen Johnston Phone: 254 3738h 18-19 November weekend pack walk 2/A/B/E/? Orroral Valley Ref: Rendezvous Creek 1:25000 This is a joint walk with the Victorian NPA. Contact leader Shoalhaven River Ref: Caoura 1:25000 Leader: Eleanor Stodart Phone: 282 5813 (office) Leader: Len Haskew Phone: 281 4268h by 30 October. An eight-day walk to this rugged sandstone Meet at Orroral Valley picnic ground at 3pm for the annual wilderness. All off track with plenty of rock hopping, scram­ Contact leader by Wednesday. Walk down to the Shoalhaven NPA Christmas get together. Members and friends welcome. bling, climbing and swimming. from Long Point (near Tallong). Set up camp near the mouth Bring a picnic tea. of Bungonia Creek. Spend the rest of the time as you wish— 12 November Sunday history drive swim, laze, read, sketch, fish or come with me and explore 7 January Sunday walk Lost mines of the Monaro Bungonia Creek. 300km drive $60 per car. Grassy, Sheep Station and Ref: Yaouk, Leader: Deidre Shaw/Barry McGowan Naas Creeks Shannons Flat 1:25000 Phone Deidre: 231 5216h 25 November Saturday walk 2/C/D/E Leader: Stephen Johnston Phone: 254 3738h Green Peak? Ref: Corin, Tidbinbilla 1:25000 Contact co-ordinator, Deidre, by Wednesday to reserve a place Contact leader for bookings and inquiries. A long but very Leader: Matthew Higgins Phone: 247 7285h for this opportunity to visit Cowra Creek Mines, east of interesting walk through the former grazing leases of south­ Bredbo, to be led by author, Barry McGowan (Barry's book is Contact leader to book for the walk. Where is Green Peak? ern ACT past old huts, fences and yards. The walk concludes published by Tabletop Press). Access is through private prop­ Come and discover the rock-faced peak which juts up behind with a 300m climb and descent over Boboyan and Pheasant erty, and rationalisation of cars is needed to minimise the the Tidbinbilla Valley and is visible from Canberra. Approach hills. 140 kms $28 per car. number of vehicles. 220kms $44 per car. is from Smokers Gap. An off track walk through a wild part of the ACT with a lot of fallen timber and scrub. 60km drive 11-12 November weekend pack walk 3/A/C/D $12 per car. Rock Flats Ref: Rendezvous Creek 1:25000 Points to note Leader: Jack Smart Phone: 248 8171h 26 November Sunday walk 2A/B Please help keep our outings program alive by volunteering Contact leader by Wednesday. A one and a half day walk leav­ Alpine Track (extension) Ref: Corin Dam 1: 25 000 to lead outings. New leaders are welcome. The outings covenor ing Canberra midday Saturday Walk over from Orroral via stage 2 is happy to suggest locations suitable for a walk if you do not Nursery Creek to Rendezvous Creek. Next day walk up to Leader: Frank Clements Phone: 231 7005 have something in mind yourself. Feel free to send in Rock Flats with day packs and return to camp retracing walk Meet at Kambah Village shops at 8.30am. Walk about 14 kms suggestions for outings to the association's office as soon as in to car. Total climb 600m and distance 26km. 80km drive from Booroomba Rocks to Orroral Valley on the extension to you think of them, with a suggested date. $16 per car. the Alpine Walking Track. A car shuffle will be needed. Drive All persona joining an outing of the National Parks Asso­ 120 kms $24 per car. ciation of the ACT do so as volunteers in all respects and as 18 November Saturday walk 4/A/D such accept sole responsibility for any injury howsoever in­ Booths Creek Ref: Michelago 1:25000 25-26 November weekend pack walk 2/A/D/E curred and the National Parks Association of the ACT, its Leader: Jack Smart Phone: 248 8171h Corang circuit Ref: Corang 1:25000 office bearers and appointed leaders are absolved from any liability in respect of injury or damage suffered whilst en­ Meet at Kambah Village shops at 8am. Walk on fire track Leader: Mike Smith Phone: 2862984h 248 3624w gaged in any such outing. from Glendale Crossing to Brandy Flat, then over scrubby Contact leader previous Wednesday for details. A walk from ridge to Booths Creek and open frost valley (North of Booth's the Wog Wog entrance to the Budawangs via Corang Peak to The committee suggests a donation of TWENTY cents per Hill). Possibly explore a bit of Booths Creek beyond frost val­ a camp near Canowie Brook. Next day follow Corang River kilometre DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER OF OCCUPANTS in ley to a waterfall, possibly dry. Return mostly the same way, through some scrub to Corang Lagoon for lunch, possible swim the car, including the driver, (to the nearest dollar) be offered but on ridge west of frost valley. Tbtal climb about 400m and and return to Wog Wog along the worn track. 250 km drive to the driver by each passenger accepting transport. Drive distance 21km. 85 km drive $17 per car. $50 per car. and walk distances quoted in the program are approximate distances for return journeys. Exploring Namadgi and Tidbinbilla

Day walks in Canberra's High latter being a characteristic which went that I would never return.' (I Country Second edition, often mars similarly-priced books. won't tell you the destination of this completely revised by Graeme My impression is that most of these walk but although it is a place of Barrow, Dagraja Press, Canberra illustrations contain a human figure unrealised dreams, I don't think if s 1995 (price about $13). or two, giving some of the places a as sad as all that. Perhaps we can sense of scale and also emphasising put it in the Outings Program, too, Most people who enjoy walking in the fact that these are interesting and see what others think.) To the high country around the ACT areas for people to visit. Graeme has people who know the area well, the are familiar with Graeme Barrow's also chosen his mapmaker very book's instructions are more than guide books. Exploring Namadgi wisely. Each walk is shown on a adequate. I have some reservations and Tidbinbilla is his thirteenth simplified but very clear map. Once as to whether newcomers would book about the region and it would again colour has been used to good always find the directions clear and be my guess that one or other of effect with the salient features being concise. I don't think there are any these day-pack-sized guides has emphasised in red. All in all the glaring inaccuracies but there are served to introduce many people to production of the book is first class. perhaps some who could become confused by Graeme's mix of the delights of walking in the area. To Graeme the 'immense granite anecdote and instruction. I intend And perhaps in passing they may rocks and boulders on many slopes to put it all to the test by combining have also encouraged some to and ridges are one of the lasting Walks 16 and 17 in the next Outings become members of NPA. attractions of Namadgi ... they Program. I'm going to follow The walks in this edition are enthral simply by their presence*. Graeme's directions to the letter and divided into three sections: northern This interest is reflected in his I'm sure we'll all end up at our cars! and southern Namadgi, based on choice of walks. Many lead to the Brindabella Road and the Naas prominent collections of gigantic As well as walk descriptions, and Boboyan Roads corridor, with boulders and tors. I hope that the Exploring Namadgi and Tidbinbilla Tidbinbilla making the third many people who will surely read offers its readers an excellent section. Eighteen of the suggested this book find a similar enthusiasm introduction to the prehistory and walks are in the southern sector. being kindled. One spin-off for NPA history of the area and a brief Each walk description is could be that we will soon find account of the geology of the area, accompanied by a Key Details box leaders willing to take walks up its flora and fauna. There is also an which gives quite adequate details beyond the Geodetic Observatory to excellent chapter on weather of access based on the appropriate some of the areas around Mt Orroral conditions so that walkers will know roads and giving distances from an which used to figure in our Outings what to expect. Graeme also lists his unmistakable point such as the Program some years ago. The book "Top Ten Walks'—walks that have Namadgi Visitor Centre. Alsoin this does not concentrate exclusively on given him 'intense pleasure' for a box are salient details such as what rocks and mountains, though; variety of reasons. When you read to see, walking distance involved, a Aboriginal sites, relics of European the book see if you would vote for suggested elapsed time for the occupation, rivers and swamps all the same group. entire walk, a brief description of the receive attention. There are walk This second edition of Exploring degree of difficulty and the suggestions to suit anyone and Namadgi and Tidbinbilla has been appropriate topographic map. This everybody. released at a very significant time. little box does not take up very much The walk descriptions are written There are persistent rumours that room but it does give a very succinct in Graeme's own very personal style. both Tidbinbilla and Namadgi could account of what to expect and, as it As well as directions we are given undergo management changes that is invariably placed quite near the his often, vivid memories of the would adversely affect the ACT's beginning of the walk description, prevailing weather conditions at the own area of preserved wilderness. it should be very useful when time of his journey as well as an Let us hope that this very readable planning a day's outing. indication of the mood that the walk guide will introduce many more In a first for Graeme's books (I engendered. It seemed a little people to the beauty and the think), the photographs are strange to me that someone would grandeur of Canberra's high country reproduced in colour and his printer end a walk description in a guide and that their voices will then be has made a very good job of them such as this by writing 'It took me raised to ensure its continued indeed. They are all very sharp and about ninety melancholy minutes to existence. not in the least bit 'muddy', the walk back to the stile, thinking as I Len Haskew The Camargue—conflicting land use

The Camargue is a triangle of completely undisturbed by your sea water is pumped for 56 000 hectares of marshland, presence, is impressive. It is evaporation. forming the delta of the River Rhone breathtakingly beautiful to see a The famous 'wild' black bulls and where it flows into the flock of these improbable birds white horses are the traditional Mediterranean Sea in the South of flying with their necks and legs basis of the agricultural economy. France. I was fascinated by the extended straight out and their pale The bulls, lithe and agile, are used complex environment of salt- pink feathers highlighted by their principally in the Provencal marshes, wetlands, migratory bird dark salmon and black underwings. bullfights (which are not to-the- breeding grounds, rice-growing and The Camargue is a birdwatcher's death like the Spanish ones) and are other agriculture, 'wild' bulls and paradise. There are access paths treated like heroes. One of the many horses, heavy industry, commercial and sea dykes from which the promotional posters shows the bull salt-pans, tourism. Of all the inhabitants can be observed, and making a spirited attempt to follow wonderful places I visited in eight boat trips, guided tours on the razeteur (the equivalent of the weeks in France, southern Italy, horseback and ornithological parks matador) over the barrier and out Greece and Austria, the Camargue in the less protected areas. of the ring. Although the bulls are was perhaps the most compelling. I Information on all of these is called wild, it is all relative; they would love to return and spend time available from the Government graze on the indigenous plants in exploring its subtleties in more Tourist Information Office in relative freedom. Australian detail. Saintes Maries de la Mer. paddocks are much larger but most The delta is formed by the tonnes The flora of the region is adapted French fields are much smaller. of alluvium brought down each year to the salty water and the strong After the Second World War the by the river from the hinterland winds. (It is said that the principal northern marshes were drained and (enough to cover Paris 25 cm deep advantage of visiting in December re-irrigated with fresh water. The in silt), extending the delta by to February is that the Mistral main crop, rice, was so successful 10 to 15 metres each year. Yet in blows the ferocious mosquitoes and that by the 1960s it was providing other parts of the coast the sea is biting flies away, even though it may three-quarters of France's needs. encroaching so that the Faraman blow you off your bicycle.) The Wheat, rapeseed, vines and fruit lighthouse, 700 metres inland in shrubs are generally low growing— orchards are now significant crops. 1840, disappeared into the sea in reeds, wild iris, tamarisk, wild This is all heavily irrigated, with 1917. Similarly, Saintes Maries de rosemary and juniper trees (the extensive chemical spraying. I was la Mer, formerly inland, is now latter growing on the islands privileged, if that is the right word, protected by sea walls. between the Etang de Vaccares and to witness some precision crop- The largest lagoon of the the sea). A number of the plants dusting by a helicopter, not far from Camargue, the Etang de Vaccares, derive their common names from the banks of the Rhone. As the comprises the major part of the the Latin word for salt—salicornes unmistakable smell filled the air- national reserve—13 500 hectares— and saladelles for example, conditioned bus, the driver assured which can only be entered by those reflecting their adaptation. a nervous passenger, 'No, no, it isn't with professional credentials. The People have been living in the dangerous at all. Well, perhaps to wetlands provide an ideal Camargue for thousands of years in small animals like dogs and cats.' environment for thousands of an uneasy eqmlibrium. The Romans What, I wondered, about the small migratory birds; the purple heron, farmed in the area and exploited the fish in the river and the small birds ospreys, plovers, avocets and extensive salt pans in the first in the trees? swallows in spring and autumn and century AD. There is some evidence In addition to all this, the French duck and teal from northern Europe that the salt was traded government developed the Fos in winter. The most famous visitors commercially some 3000 years ago. Complex a few kilometres along the are the flocks of flamingoes which The saltworks are now among the coast in 1965. When combined with breed in the warm sheltered lagoons largest in the world and quite nearby Marseilles, the port is the in spring, nourished by the tiny, fascinating (although biologically, largest in France, and second only pink crustaceans which flourish in largely sterile). The huge pile of to Rotterdam in Europe. It handles the very salty water (and which brilliant white salt contrasts 90 million tonnes of traffic each year enhance the pink colour of the markedly with the huge, shallow, (two-thirds through Fos itself). The flamingoes). To see half a dozen pink-grey salt pans into which the industrial zone includes steel, petrol flamingoes elegantly feeding, and other petroleum products, chemicals and natural gas. Perhaps conflict—graffiti on an isolated The French government is trying I am unnecessarily pessimistic, but outbuilding says Tourism mort la to keep the competing influences of this seems like an environmental Camargue (tourism is killing the tourism, agriculture, industry, and disaster waiting to happen. Camargue). There is certainly truth hunting in equilibrium with the Of course, tourism has a major in this; tourism affects the indigenous ecosystems. The whole impact on the sensitive and complex traditional way of life as well as the of the Camargue is a National marshlands. Two to three thousand physical environment. Yet without Regional Park with the restricted campervans, caravans and tents the tourists who come to experience National Reserve at its centre. camp on eight kilometres of sand the environment, would it be Although it may not be true over summer and many thousands protected from the impact of wilderness, it is a fascinating and more visit the major towns and intensive agriculture and industry? fragile environment and a impinge on the wetlands in search This is a dilemma facing many areas wonderful place to visit. of 'wilderness'. The local in the world, including Australia. Elizabeth Smith traditionalists recognise the

Ode to Ettrema Pack-walk 26-30 January 1995, leaders: Eric and Pat Pickering

Yearning... Morning a ribbon-mist lifts from Ambling Ettrema to see once more the deep Back to 'mother' Ettrema Brick-red craggy rims Last swim, last meal, last evening Squeezing Steep, blue-green slopes Review the route—make ready for Through cliff face slot— the morrow Knowing... We contour spur and skid in gully Down there the winding stream Sunlit Cinch beckons tired Puffing Glimpsed glints that lure trampers Long pull up Transportation Spur Pale pools of pure delight Frequent 'spells'—to keep the party Revelling knit Descending In enchanted pool Step by careful step Bright spangles splash its silken Sustenance to nibble and to sip Soft: dirt, loose stones our balance surface' Admiring test A massive boulder guardian Tremendous view from Pardon Brow wet, mouth dry—we touch crouches Point base thankfully North and south the sweep of Enjoying gorge. Comradeship and campfire glow Across from us proud Hamlet's Bushwalking tales, and tucker too Crown The peacefulness of Wilderness Reaching Skywards—unnamed sandstone Rockhopping spires Downstream the vista widens Which, in recognition of our Sighing She-Oaks long reaches leaders' worth, hedge I now proclaim as 'Pickerings There banks of bracken; and Pinnacles' Burrawangs... Returning Struggling Plateau of unrelenting scrub; Slow ascent up creek called Terraces flowered in white Cabbage Tree Farewell Ettrema.. .farewell. Cliff-walled and rock congested Gloomy sky a wet change brings Judith Webster Resting Last verse contributed by A lofty plateau campsite Eric Pickering Showers contract and starlight Crossing Ettrema Creek. Photo by reigns Eric Pickering Weeding Lord Howe Island (or how to feel noble while holidaying in beautiful surroundings)

Lord Howe Island is a small, plane from Sydney to Lord Howe The rough seas ruled out boat subtropical island of great natural Island. rides and the wind and wet ground beauty about 700 kilometres north­ Although we did not know it at the made climbing Mount Gower east of Sydney. Being isolated, it has time, our first afternoon showed us dangerous, so we had plenty of time many endemic species with different what the week's weather would be to explore the rest of the island on elements showing links with New like, strong winds (even the waters foot and bicycle, to survey the weeds Caledonia, Australia or New of the lagoon were rough) and rain and have several sessions attacking Zealand. It is the breeding site for • squalls. The only time the wind them. many thousands of sea birds of 14 abated was when it poured with Our main efforts at weeding were species. Because it is confined to the ground unique it has been asparagus fern, included on the World Protasparagus Heritage List. aethiopicus, on four But like all places transects of Transit where people have Hill. We carefully established themselves, removed berries from it has been invaded by fruiting bushes and the weeds and animal pests. crown from all plants, Of the animals, the pigs as it regenerates and cats have been readily, and carried effectively removed but them back for burning, rats and goats need but our efforts to hold constant effort to keep a course parallel to the numbers down. Of the track while staying five plants, several pose a metres apart were serious threat to the laughable at times. natural vegetation and One, then another, require a major effort to would be held up over control. a dense patch of Since I know a asparagus fern or number of people in would get tangled in Canberra with great creepers, or would feeling for the natural have to detour to get environment, and the through, but through it island had provided me One more asparagus fern for the bag. Photo by Eleanor all we kept counting so with two wonderful Stodart that we could provide holidays when most estimates of densities needed, I offered to in different areas. organise a group to go on a weeding rain. However, it was considerably We encountered some clumps too trip. Ian Hutton, who leads several warmer than Canberra and the rain large to tackle for a group trying to guided tours to the island each year, meant that numerous waterfalls do a survey, but found that on the agreed to act as guide for the leisure graced the cliffs of Mounts Lidgbird far side of Transit Hill a concerted parts of the trip and coordinator and Gower and we were treated to effort by groups like us could make with the Lord Howe Island Board dramatic and beautiful scenes of a significant contribution to limiting and Parks and Wildlife rangers for squalls approaching over the sea. the problem. The infestation was the weeding part. Clouds draped themselves over the clearly heavier near the settlement, So on 13th June 10 of us, nine mountains in smooth caps or lacy where the plumose asparagus fern volunteers and Ian, caught the mist, varying with the wind. was also a very serious problem. Spot the workers among the palms (there are three in the picture). Photo by Eleanor Stodart

Most of the younger plants were attacked with chain saw and poison with no thought for humans who close to long-established parents but before it spreads into more might want to pass by. We climbed numbers of seedlings along the track inaccessible areas. Bitou bush, a over fallen logs and tried to find a down the far side of Transit Hill and pest on the coast of mainland NSW, firm footing in rotten ones. We an isolated plant on Mt Eliza is present on the cliffs of Lord Howe explored the steep sharp rocks of showed how effectively birds could Island but the rangers felt they were Edie's Glen and we did a little carry the seeds. If left, the isolated keeping it under control. The weeds fertilising with scrapes of skin and plant would almost certainly have of Lord Howe Island are definitely drops of blood. But we also saw ferns become the centre of another dense a challenge! and orchids growing amongst the infestation. I think everyone in the group rocks. I remember one particular We noted bridal creeper (another enjoyed themselves. Certainly we scene of a twisted tree spreadeagled member of the asparagus fern came away as good friends, even over a large mossy rock forming an group) growing near Kim's Lookout though some of us had not met island amongst the dense and hoped it would be tackled before before, and we saw parts of the undergrowth, more beautiful than it could spread further. island not usually touched by any artificial bonsai. We attacked a stand of tourists (or by most of the islanders, The Lord Howe Island Board has Pittosporum undulatum, pulling out I think). We developed a definite some grant money from the World 740 plants in one hour (fortunately feeling for the vegetation as we Heritage Unit to pay labour to tackle this weed only occurs in limited eased our way over, under and some of the heavier infestations of areas at this stage). Another around the fine creepers which weeds and the Parks and Wildlife problem, cherry guava, needs to be stretched between trees and bushes rangers attack the problem as they Weeding Lord Howe Island continued from previous page

can between other duties with the help of a Landcare group, but there is still room for further help and I hope that some other groups besides ours will be able to get the same satisfaction that we did. Our scratches and strange activities caused considerable interest among the other guests at Pinetrees and some even expressed interest in helping if only they had not been leaving. Perhaps Pinetrees could consider adding weeding sessions to their winter program. The islanders have done a wonderful job of limiting development so that much of the natural heritage is unspoiled and the island still provides an idyllic retreat from the hustle and bustle of modern life. A little weeding is a small return. Lord Howe Island Eleanor Stodart

The forgotten ecosystem

While trees and rivers excite the Grasslands and grassy woodlands enough to study and conserve these passions of artists and are the most endangered plant rich ecosystems. conservationists, most of us ignore communities in the Territory. Only about 0.5 per cent of grasslands. Grassy areas are During Aboriginal occupation the Australia's native grasslands utilitarian and invisible; we look district had 20 000 hectares of remain. The ACT still has five per across them towards mountains or treeless grasslands including what cent or about 1000 hectares, with lakes; we walk on them; in our European settlers called the another 1000 hectares of secondary backyards we mow them; in the Limestone Plains on which central grassland, that which has been left suburbs we play cricket on them, but Canberra is built. Trees did not grow after clearing woodlands. Most of we rarely look closely at them. At the territory's grasslands—the the July meeting of NPA Sarah in the valleys below about 600 Sharp, the Grasslands Project metres altitude; in these frost Limestone Plains, Isabella Plains Officer from the ACT Parks and hollows the minimum air and and Ginninderra Creek valley— Conservation Service, showed that ground temperatures may differ by have been covered by housing. The a close look at grasslands can reveal as much as six degrees; ground largest surviving tracts are in the great beauty and diversity. temperatures reach minus 10 Majura valley (the airport and the She has been conducting research degrees or less in July and August. field firing range) and at Belconnen into the small areas of the ACT's During the 19th century observers naval station. What remains is still surviving native grasslands for a noted the degradation of grasslands threatened by urban development number of years, with support from due to grazing. But it was not until and weed invasions. the Australian Nature Conservation the 1970s that the extent of the What excites the scientists is the Agency's Endangered Species remaining grasslands was diversity of grasslands. Though an Program. She is also preparing a delineated. Only in the last five area of one square metre may be management plan for their years have community groups and dominated by one or two species, it conservation. land managers become concerned could contain 20 or 30 plant species. These in turn support insects, four aims must be to preserve comprising mainly Themeda on reptiles and other small animals. endangered species, to enhance slopes with minimal run-on but Threatened species living in the native components, to control and deeper soils and a Danthonia ACTs grasslands include the button reduce exotic species, and to retain association occurring mainly on wrinklewort Rutidosis examples of grassland associations. slopes on shallow, nutrient-poor leptorrhynchoides, the yam daisy The management options are soils. Bothriochloa features in some Microseris lanceolata, the golden reservation, covenants on associations and is especially sun moth Synemon plana, the development and management apparent in summer. Poa is southern lined earless dragon agreements with landholders. There dominant in cooler, higher areas of Tympanocryptis Uneata pinguicolla are only about 200 hectares of the Monaro and along drainage lines and the striped legless lizard Delma lowland grasslands in reserves in in the ACT. impar. Victoria and Tasmania. Sarah and One thing Sarah has found is that Four groups of striped legless others are working towards creating perennial native species seem to lizards were found during surveys safe sites in the ACT. have survived better than annuals. carried out before the development Because research is now taking The ACT's grasslands lack annual of Gungahlin. The daisy, which place, it is hard to know the best way natives. Annuals are more common occurred on Capital Hill until the to preserve a community. Historical in the Riverina and Victoria. In the construction of the new Parliament studies can reveal what was there ACT they have probably been House, is still found on Stirling before, what has been done to it and replaced by exotics. Exotics thrive Ridge in Yarralumla, in one site in how this affected the grassland. in wet sites, many of which have Barton and a few sites near Aboriginal management was by been modified by changes to Queanbeyan. The yam daisy was burning; graziers slashed, burned Canberra's drainage systems. This eaten by Aboriginal people, then and added fertiliser. means that wetter sites have to be almost eliminated by sheep. The All management methods affect managed more intensively than moth thrives in Belconnen naval species composition. Burning drier areas. base, Majura valley, York Park in reduces biomass indiscriminately Roger Green Barton and several other small but only happens occasionally; sites. The tiny dragon, which has grazing changes species been wiped out in Victoria, is being systematically; mowing causes a reclassified as a separate species. continuous reduction in biomass. Recent surveys by the ACT Parks The scientists are trying to work out and Conservation Service and the the best method to retain diversity. University of Canberra have found Unlike managing a forest, which New NPA members six sites in the ACT and Monaro grows slowly and visibly, grasslands as at 1 August 1995 tablelands. The dragon uses spider can change dramatically over five burrows for protection from years. This may not mean that Millicent Poole Fadden predators and fire. species have been lost, but may be The building of roads and houses a fluctuation in a resilient Colin Rowell Watson fragments sites into unsustainable community. Long-term monitoring Sharon McAuliflfe Chifley pockets, sometimes down to a few is needed to find out the extent of square metres. The remaining permanent change. Leon Horsnell Cook fragments are subject to many types In the ACT there are four Nerida Foster, of disturbance: grazing, ploughing, dominant genera of grasses: Robert Ryl and mowing, burning, flooding, shading, Themeda, Danthonia, Stipa and Linden Parker Curtin littering and tree planting. These Bothriochloa. After looking at physical changes lead to changes in diverse grasslands, Sarah has found Graham Scully Bungendore the composition of species. It is three major grassland associations remarkable that native grasslands containing different proportions of Allen Bills Wanniassa have survived at all. these dominant species, as well as Saideh Samantha Sarah has found about 120 native a distinct component of other native Kent Aranda and exotic species in her studies. species including flowering plants. Other studies indicate about 180 The three associations are a wet Felicia Choo Turner native species in the ACT. Themeda association also Philip Watkins Queanbeyan Sarah said that a strategy to containing Danthonia which occurs conserve grasslands must take in low-lying valleys subject to run- account of national resources. The on, a dry Themeda association Tidbinbilla—the 1939 koala enclosure

Members will be familiar with the CSIR at the time), Dr Clements of the 'plentiful' in the ACT they had now present koala enclosure at Institute of Anatomy in Canberra, Dr not been seen for thirty years). The Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve. Less Kellaway of the Walter and Eliza Hall design of the fence had changed well known is the site of the 1939 Institute in Melbourne, Dr IM slightly from the earlier one planned enclosure on Hurdle Creek. Last Mackerras of CSIRO Canberra, and for Shannons Creek, for the posts as year, while working in partnership CE Lane-Poole, Inspector General of built were shorter (4 feet instead of with Freeman Collett & Partners on Forests, Canberra. Casey concluded 6 feet above ground level) and the a conservation plan for the nearby that the park would not be open to cross pieces at the top did not extend Nil Desperandum homestead (for the public, or at least not for some out from each side (forming a T top) TNR), I researched the history of the years, and that its purpose would be but rather extended out on the enclosure because of its proximity "to breed up koalas for scientific inside of the fence only (forming an to Nil. The results of this research observation directed towards the upside down 'L'). The enclosure became quite a novelty and many were interesting because they development of means for their local people came to view it. showed that the aim of the enclosure preservation, and on the broader was not simply a matter of nature lines that I have mentioned". So the 'The enclosure did not survive conservation. Below is my text as push for a koala plot was motivated long. Trees and branches fell across submitted for the report. riot simply by desires to merely the fencing, knocking parts of it 'A small koala enclosure was conserve the species. down and by the end of the Second proposed in 1938 for a site next to 'McEwen replied that, as his World War the enclosure was just the Brindabella Road near department had recently rejected Le about derelict (perhaps staff Shannons Creek on the eastern Souef's proposal, the formation of shortages during the war forbade ascent of the Brindabella Range. such a committee so soon might be proper management of the site). A Fencing for the plot was designed embarrassing to Interior and Le few years later the wire netting and costed at 180 pounds. However, Souef. McEwen asked Casey to disappeared. The koalas meanwhile during 1939 this location was consider delaying the committee for, had escaped long ago. dropped for one at Hurdle Creek. say, six months. The Institute of The main surviving fabric of the site "The reasons behind a koala park Anatomy's enthusiasm for the today is a line of fence posts on the were varied. On the one hand there project could not be restrained, northern side of Hurdle Creek, many was Mr Lance Le Souef of Melbourne however, and in March Director of which show the anchoring point for who was lobbying the Prime Minister General of Health Dr JHL the top arm, and one post still retains for a fauna park (particularly a koala Cumpston (who must have had this arm. The corridor cleared through the timber is still evident. On the park) to be established near Canberra responsibility for the Institute) southern side of the creek there are no so as to conserve native fauna such wrote to Interior saying that Dr standing posts, although the corridor as koalas, platypus and so on in order Clements had located a site of about is evident and there is some very to boost tourism. Le Souef was a five acres at Hurdle Creek for a vestigial post timber on the ground. A zoologist and a brother to the Curator koala enclosure in which "it is bottle dump, elsewhere stated to be of Sydney's Taronga Park Zoo. Then desirable to maintain a small associated with the building of the on the other hand there was the number of koalas under natural fence, consists ofbottles dated 1952 and scientific community which wanted conditions" for "certain 1953 and was most probably left by to study koalas. On 10 February 1939 experimental and scientific work eucalyptus cutters who worked nearby. Federal Treasurer RG Casey wrote which is in progress and to Minister for Interior John McEwen contemplated at the Institute of 'Despite the vestigial nature of the about the establishment of a koala Anatomy". site, enough of it remains to enable park in the ACT. Casey had been 'The proposal was approved and a interpretation, particularly given enthused about the proposal by Sir block of land, Block 56, District of the enclosure's significance for its David Rivett and wrote that such an Paddys River, was set aside for the early date of construction and the enclosure would be of "value to plot. Fence alignments were cleared way it reflects biological research science in the determination of (to stop the koalas escaping over the activities of the period.' problems — chemical, biological and fence in the forest canopy) and the Members wishing to visit the site anatomical — affecting the human fence was erected by 25 July 1939. should contact TNR staff beforehand, race". He suggested that a committee The Canberra Times reported that Matthew Higgins be formed to study the proposal and day that the Victorian government that it should consist of Dr LB Bull had agreed to send up six adult of CSIRO Melbourne (it was called koalas (while koalas had once been SUBMISSIONS

Nature-based tourism

NPA project officer Nicki Taws has fundamental purpose of national unsuitable for the low-key, written two submissions on nature- parks and protected areas is for wilderness quality of Namadgi. based tourism in the ACT: one to the nature conservation^ the ACT Legislative Assembly Standing cornerstone of which is the Committee on Economic Development conservation of biological diversity. Scenic tours and and Tourism and one relating to the The increasingly recognised link recreational facilities ACT Tourism Development Strategy between biological diversity, the (prepared by Price Waterhouse for the functioning of the biosphere, and Permitting public vehicle access to Canberra Tourism Commission). Nicki human welfare and economic fire trails and other management explained the background and development is now a major concern trails would contravene the objectives of the NPA; the followingis a for governments, development management objectives of Namadgi summary oftheAssociation's stance on organisations and conservation National Park and destroy the nature-based tourism, as outlined in the groups. wilderness quality of the area, two submissions. particularly for other people who Other purposes and values of have not driven but walked in. The primary purpose of national national parks and protected areas Although some trails in the east of parks and nature reserves is nature which are readily recognised include the park could provide 'scenic conservation. All other developments the foUowing: touring' opportunities, this would and uses of these areas are of • aesthetic values not only lead to incremental secondary importance to this • health and recreation values pressure for more access, but also objective. Recognition should be given • wilderness values would require additional to the remarkable range and quality • scientific and educational management effort and expense. of natural areas present within the opportunities ACT and the good fortune we have For natural areas with little • catchment protection and in living so close to such areas. A disturbance, appropriate major attribute of the ACTs national watershed management recreational activities are usually park and nature reserves is their • historic and cultural values. those which rely on an individual's unspoilt, undeveloped character. own resources of physical and mental skill without the need for Consistent with the objectives of Tidbinbilla Nature constructed facilities and appropriate management of these mechanised assistance. areas, the National Parks Reserve Recreational activities which have Association of the ACT supports the The NPA supports low-key a greater impact, such as car promotion of national parks and developments within the nature camping, horse riding and mountain other nature reserves for their reserve (but predominantly in the biking, may only be suitable in current qualities. modified areas on the valley floor), already modified environments, Any developments for tourism, such as additional picnic areas and such as some of the nature parks within or adjacent to Namadgi a food outlet on a modest scale, (e.g. Cotter Reserve). Recreational National Park or other nature similar to the one in the Botanic activities and sports which require reserves, must be consistent with Gardens. constructed facilities and other the existing values and infrastructure are not appropriate management objectives of these for national parks. This is natural areas, and avoid promoting Namadgi National particularly so in Canberra where the addition of activities or Park many excellent facilities are infrastructure which are more provided for a wide range of sporting appropriate in other areas. Appropriate outdoor recreation in and recreational activities. national parks and protected areas is that which uses the area on its Purposes of national own terms and is consistent with the Accommodation and parks and protected management objectives for that area. A number of the proposals in other developments areas the ACT Tourism Strategy The NPA does not support the document are not compatible with In any consideration of the uses of provision of accommodation, the primary management objectives national parks and protected areas, camping or convention facilities of Namadgi National Park and are the primary objectives of this type within Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve. of land use must be understood. The SUBMISSIONS

Nor does it support accommodation lies in not marketing the parks other movement also favours the spread close to Namadgi. There is no than for what they have to offer in of weeds and diseases, and can justification for providing additional their current state—that is, unspoilt increase the risk of fire. accommodation facilities close to natural beauty with minimal Rather than permitting access Namadgi on the alleged basis of its infrastructure. and then monitoring the impacts, 'remoteness from other the best strategy for avoiding these accommodation'. These facilities are impacts is prevention—that is, not all available in Canberra within Funding allowing increased access. Once about one hour's drive of both More tourism developments in problems begin, such as soil erosion Namadgi and Tidbinbilla. Namadgi and other nature reserves on a track, they are difficult to The provision of accommodation is will increase pressure on the natural reverse and can consume large a major undertaking and can have resources and will therefore proportions of scarce management serious environmental impacts in increase management costs. resources. terms of provision of water, Additional funds will be needed for sewerage facilities and access, park managers to assess and particularly in remote areas which address impacts, and manage the Conclusion are not already served by these increase in activities and numbers The proposals on nature-based facilities. of people. A system of fees or permits tourism in the ACT Tourism Recognising that a major may need to be introduced so that Development Strategy show that attraction of the ACTs parks is their some of the additional costs are off­ the consultants have failed to undeveloped nature and recognising set by users. However, if this occurs, understand the special character of that this may be their greatest the proceeds should be used only for Namadgi and Tidbinbilla. The lack marketing asset, the level and type park management in the ACT, not of development and the low of tourist developments allowed will returned to consolidated revenue. numbers of people in the parks is need to be very carefully considered. most often remarked upon by Appropriate management of natural visitors as a positive feature of their areas will mean that there are some Greater access visit. They have also failed to recognise that Namadgi's special places where no infrastructure or Increasing the vehicle use of tracks values of nature conservation, development can take place; for can increase soil erosion, earth wilderness and water catchment example, wilderness areas, movement and water run-off. This have particular management needs protected catchments, reference in tarn increases the sediment level and that these needs cannot be areas. Low-key developments such in streams, affecting water quality compromised to cater for the as additional walking tracks and and habitat. Greater vehicle interests of one particular group. picnic areas may be suitable.

Marketing Any analysis of the benefits to the ACT economy arising from the Ecological economics—working ACT's national park and nature reserves needs to be fully aware of towards a sustainable world! all the benefits which the community derives from having The Australia and New Zealand are David Suzuki, internationally natural areas. This includes the Society for Ecological Economics renowned for his broadcasting, intangible long-term benefits of the is holding their inaugural writing and film-making, and conservation of biological diversity, conference on the topic of Robert Costanza, President of the as well as the more apparent and 'Redefining resource management International Society for immediate benefits of the aesthetic, and environmental policy Ecological Economics. recreational and water catchment through ecological economies'. For further information, contact: values. It also needs to recognise The conference will take place in that many of these benefits are Coffs Harbour, NSW, from Centre for Agricultural and easily diminished by short-sighted November 19-23. Resource Economics attempts to create economic benefits The conference program will University of New England by inappropriate development of an feature a day of guided field Armidale NSW 2350 area. workshops. The keynote speakers In the promotion of the ACT's natural areas, the greatest merit Publications received by NPA

Publisher/Author Publication

Australian Bush Heritage Fund Bush Heritage News Australian Conservation Foundation Habitat

Australian Geological Survey Organisation AGSO Research Newsletter

Australian Science and Technology Council ASTEC Update Cairns and Far Northern Environment Centre Wet Tropics Campaign Update

Canberra and SE Region Environment Centre Bogong

Colong Foundation for Wilderness Ltd The Colong Bulletin Canberra and District Historical Society Newsletter

CSIRO ECOS Dept of Environment Land and Planning Land Information Newsletter Dept of Environment Sport and Territories Australian Environment News Environment and Conservation Council Sustainable Times Field Naturalists Association of Canberra Newsletter Greening Australia ACT and SE NSW Broadcast Japan Publications Trading Co Ltd Pacific Friend Kosciusko Huts Association Newsletter National Parks Association Qld NPA News National Parks Association NSW National Parks Journal National Parks Association NSW-Southern Highlands Branch NPA News Nature Conservation Society of SA Xanthopus Total Environment Centre Total Environment Newsletter United Nations Environment Programme Our Planet VNPA Newsletter

VNPA Park Watch Wilderness Society ACTWild Wilderness Society Wilderness News

Reports

ACT and Sub-region Planning Strategy Draft ACT and Sub-region Planning Strategy documents for community comment

Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia Australian and NZ Environment & Conservation Maritime Accidents and Pollution: Impacts on the Marine Council Environment from Shipping Operations ANZECC-MCFFA The Development of Consistent Nationwide Baseline Environmental Standards for Native Forests

Canberra Tourism Commission ACT Tourism Development Strategy, Vols. 1 and 2 Commissioner for the Environment Draft ACT State of the Environment Report Dept of Environment, Sport and Territories Australia's Biodiversity—an overview of selected significant components House of Reps. Standing Committee on Inquiry into the proposal to drain and restore Lake Pedder Environment, Recreation and the Arts TRIPS

A tour of African game parks

One thing we do not have to worry asleep by day, and we sighted a half-grown youngsters had mock about in our national parks is number of smaller mammals and battles. damage by elephants. Where they birds. The elephants were easily the Rains in Angola had been good are protected in some game parks most fascinating because of the way and the great rivers flowing from in Africa, elephants are increasing they behaved to each other and, on there, the Okavango, Chobe and in numbers and if left unchecked occasion, to us. Zambesi, had plenty of water. would completely change the The Masai Mara in southern The locals aptly named Victoria vegetation. The dividing-up of the Kenya has some steep hills and Falls as The Smoke that Thunders; land into parks and non-parks has rolling, grassy plains. On our the spray is visible like a plume of changed the animals' ability to move approach to the park, smoke was smoke for many miles and tonnes from one area to another and further rising from several grass fires lit by of water thunder into the gorge. management, such as the pumping the Masai and we found that the Here the Zambesi changes in just a of water from bores, is necessary to herds of herbivores were larger and few yards from a slow, wide stream keep the animals alive in the dry more obvious outside the park where to a rushing torrent in a narrow season and to prevent them the Masai graze their cattle and gorge several hundred feet below. wandering out into farmland. burn off. We also discovered that Boating above the falls provides a In April I had the opportunity to April is not the recommended time dramatic contrast to white water see some of these problems at first for travelling through Kenya as it is rafting in the gorge. With the river hand when I went on a tour the start of the long rains and after high, the rush of water in the gorge organised by The Australian heavy showers roads become very produced waves more like a rough Museum Society and led by Tim slippery. sea than a river and whirlpools Flannery, head of the mammal Further south, in Zimbabwe and swirled strongly then changed to department at the museum and Botswana, the rainy season had welling-up places. WTe were told, author of The Future Eaters. finished. With water widespread, however, that Whitewater rafting is As fast-moving, air-travelling however, and trees still holding their more exciting when the river is low tourists staying in five-star leaves, April here also has and more rocks are visible and the accommodation, we did our share of disadvantages for viewing animals likelihood of capsizing is quite high. future eating but we also gave short- but it is the time when young are One of our most impressive term assistance to the economies of around. viewings of elephants was on, or in, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Botswana, At Hwange in south-west the Chobe River at Chobe National and provided some return for their Zimbabwe the wet season had been Park, Botswana, when a group of 10 efforts at conservation. the poorest in 70 years and people elephants decided to return to high In all we visited seven national were concerned for the fate of the ground from the flat island where parks or game reserves in the three young animals. Trees in the they had been grazing. They walked countries so we built up quite a deciduous monsoon forests still held sedately into the river then went broad picture of the animals and their leaves but there was some sign mad as they got out of their depth conditions. The antelopes were of colouring before leaves would be and hurriedly returned to the beautiful and varied, from the deep- shed for the dry. The forest grows on shallows. Then three set out again chested runners like the wildebeest sandhills from the Kalahari Desert to swim by themselves while seven and hartebeest to the more elegant, and in places these Kalahari sands hung back. When swimming, fuller-rumped jumpers like the are 3000 feet deep. Here we saw how elephants disappear completely impala and gazelles. They mostly elephants can fell whole areas of between taking breaths then poke just stood around grazing, although trees or ringbark them, also with their heads out and wave their we occasionally saw a pair of bucks devastating effect. trunks around like snorkels. So up fighting. Zebras looked beautiful in Ivory Lodge, where we stayed, had and down they went, across the their black and white stripes, but a large waterhole and it was river. The next six, perhaps younger also just stood around grazing. fascinating watching over 50 and less experienced, seemed to Giraffes stooped to browse and we elephants at a time. Some would run need to keep in touch for also saw a pair fighting, each in to have a splash then sample the reassurance and to build up courage swinging his head to hit the other's saltlick. Others were more sedate. before venturing out of their depth body with his horns. Lions we saw As in human families the babies again. Eventually they crossed in a several times, but usually in a hung around the mothers and the tight group. Meanwhile the tenth satisfied stupor. Hippos are half just wandered along the bank on its TRIPS

own and crossed where it thought fit. aggressive of the animals and most the frog that wet itself when it saw In the Okavango the water was likely to cause injury. We also saw a snake, and the elephant-sized still rising and here we found it a elephant footprints and followed a dung beetles with their balls of dung restful change to travel by boat to trail, probably made by a hyena larger than a golf ball, and human different islands and then walk. dragging a kill. stories, too. The Kenyans were While walking you cannot get very In the Okavango we enjoyed the wonderfully welcoming and the close to game but in a different way waterscapes and looked from a waiters at Sianna Springs provided you get a closer feel for it. We had distance but we also carefully a memorable occasion as, dancing to done a couple of walks earlier in the circumvented a group of vultures drumbeats, they formed a trip. In Kenya we had three armed and closed in eventually to find the procession to bring in a birthday guards to protect us as we followed very small remnants of a kill. We cake. Africans and rhythm are lion footprints along the road. At were also threatened by an elephant natural partners. Ivory Lodge we went out with the which fortunately was easily Altogether it was a wonderful trip, manager armed with a shotgun and satisfied by our hasty retreat to the but I did find myself looking forward obediently froze absolutely still boat. to coming home and going out to see while the Cape buffalo pushed I have more animal stories, like some kangaroos. through the bush a few yards away, the elephant at Ivory Lodge which Eleanor Stodart closer than the manager had drank from the swimming pool and intended, before smelling us and delicately plucked seedlings from taking off. They are the most the garden in front of the bar, and

Thank heavens acclimatisation societies did not establish elephants around Australia last century. If they had, the rabbit problem would fade into insignificance...

Elephants at Daintree would put even the worst developers in the shade (or do I mean direct sun?). Calendar

SEPTEMBER Thursday 7 Committee meeting 7.30pm, for location contact Mike Smith, 286 2984(h) Thursday 14 Namadgi Subcommittee 7.30pm, for location contact Steven Forst, 279 1326(w), 251 6817(h) Thursday 28 Environment Subcommittee 7.45pm, for location contact Stephen Johnston, 254 3738(h)

OCTOBER Thursday 5 Committee meeting 7.30pm, for location contact Clive Hurlstone, 288 7592(h) Thursday 12 Namadgi Subcommittee 7.30pm, for location contact Steven Forst, 279 1326(w), 251 6817(h) Monday 23 Outings meeting 7pm, contact Phil Bubb, 248 6769(h) Thursday 26 Environment Subcommittee 7.45pm, for location contact Stephen Johnston, 254 3738th)

NOVEMBER Thursday 2 Committee meeting 7.30pm, for location contact Clive Hurlstone, 288 7592(h) Thursday 9 Namadgi Subcommittee 7.30pm, for location contact Steven Forst, 279 1326(w), 251 6817(h) Thursday 23 Environment Subcommittee 7.45pm, for location contact Stephen Johnston, 254 3738(h) DECEMBER Thursday 7 Committee meeting 7.30pm, for location contact Eleanor Stodart, 281 5004(h)

NPA Bulletin SURFACE If undelivered please return to: MAIL National Parks Association of the ACT PO Box 1940 Woden ACT 2606 Print Post Approved P 248831/00041

General meetings

Held at 8pm, Room 1, Griffin Centre, Bunda Street, Civic Thursday 21 September: Glaciation in the Snowy Mountains Bob Galloway will speak on this area of unique interest—the only part of mainland Australia which shows evidence of being glaciated some 10 000 years ago. Thursday 19 October: Raptors in the ACT Jerry Olsen began an association with eagles 25 years ago when he was involved with a search for missing men in the Yukon which was helped by eagles. His interest has continued ever since. Jerry has recently published Some Time with Eagles and Falcons, which will be on sale after his talk. Thursday 16 November: Bushwalking in northern and central Australia This year several of our members have spent quite some time in Kakadu, the Kimberleys, the Bungle Bungles and the Macdonnell Ranges. Tonight we will share their slides and experiences. Sunday 10 December: NPA Christmas Party, 3pm Meet at Orroral Valley picnic area for the annual NPA Christmas get-together. Members and friends welcome. Bring a picnic tea.