LANDSCAPE AREA G_ GELBISON MOUNTAIN Included Geosites Id_denomination Imp. Id_denomination Imp. Id_denomination Imp. 39_ Olistostrome of Lago- M 43_ Palistro River S 47_Olistostrome of S russo Pantanella Hill- Casta- gna Hill- Ferullo Hill 40_Pollica and S. Mauro F 44_Bruca River S 48_Marl "fogliarina" of S Formations - Gelbison Fulgenti mountain Mountain 41_Stone Stream of Gelbi- C 45_Pollica Formation, S son Mountain - Novi The Crociata - Santa Barbara and 42_Fluvial terrace of Moli- S 46_Conglomerate of S no de Feo - Cuccaro Vete- re

M=Main F= Focal C= Complementary S= Secondary

Legend Landscape area National Park

MAIN GEOSITE 39_ Olistostrome of Lagorusso Ubication Altitude Accessibility Fruition Nation - 1000 m. s.l. Region - feet X trackway

Province - Distance car X recreation

NATIONAL PARK boat restaurant 20 Km. from Municipality - CAPACCIO National Park other exposition office

INTEREST (1= primary - 2 = secondary) GEOLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC OTHER Rare (conservation Structural Mineralogical experimentation) 1 Didactical 2 Stratigrafical 1 Hydrogeological Popularization Hikers/trecking

Geomorphological Paleontological Rappresentative Archeological

Sedimentological 2 Karsic Mondial/European 2 Naturalistic Paleoenviromental Paleobiological National/Local Historical/religious

Cartography of Main Geosite DESCRIPTION

The landscape Gelbison Mountain is characterized by geological stratigraphic-structural Unit called the Group, outcrops and S. Mauro Formations, the summit of which we find the formation of Monte Sacro (polygenic conglomerates). The foothills, both Western (the hills of , Castelnuovo and ) and southern ones (hills in the area of the River Alento), are formed by the North-Calabrian Unit formations (formations of the Crete Nere and Saraceno). Typical stratigraphic ele- ments of this area are the “olistostroma” and marl “Fogliarina” that create a unique morphology terraces of denudation and guide layers. The “olistostroma” is produced by gigantic submarine landslides and the “fogliarina” by big turbidite flows (15 Millions years ago). The peculiar geological structure of Mount Gelbison, conglomerates of Monte Sacro superimposed on clay lithologies “Olistostroma” induced sig- nificant viscose deformation in the latter, with the creation of a typical double ridges, such as "double- sided compound sagging associated with lateral spreading and trench. Within Gelbison Mountain 10 individuals geological sites were surveyed: the main geosite is Lagorusso, didactic example of ”olistostroma” outcrop (S. Mauro Formation). The olistostroma shows characterized by chips and tectonized red clay with flint and limestone turbidity layers. At the bottom of the layers we can observed a mark of limivorous and the Bouma sequence, too. The high degree of tectonized of these deposits is evidenced by the presence of patinas of friction. The other geosites surveyed are all connected with stratigraphic and morphological evolution of Mount Gelbison. We can cite the outcrops of Pollica formation in all its peculiarities in the geosites of Fulgenti Mountain, the Crociata, Molino De Feo, Palistro and Bruca torrents, the hills of the Pantanella, the Castagna and Ferullo. Finally, the geosite Stone Stream of Novi Velia in the valley of the Torna and Ba- dolato rivers. This is debris avalance deposited at various times during the periods of the markedly colder in the paleovalley etched by rivers during interglacial periods, according to a mechanism known in the geomorphological literature as valley filling.

Geosite 39_Olistostrome of Lagorusso Geosite 40_S.Mauro Formation - Gelbison Mountain – Stratigrafic contact Conglomerate/olistostrome

Geosite 40_Fining upward Geosite 40_tohor of sequence– conglomerate of Gelbison Mountain Gelbison Mountain

Geosite 40_Marl of Gelbison Mountain Geosite 40_S.Mauro Formation - Gelbison Mountain– Stratigrafic contact Marl-olistostrome

Geosite 41_Stone Stream of Gelbison Mountain - Novi Velia Geosite 41_Stone Stream of Gelbison Mountain - Novi Velia

Geosite 41_Stone Stream of Gelbison Mountain - Novi Velia