Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 10505 Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science LNAI Series Editors Randy Goebel University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Yuzuru Tanaka Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Wolfgang Wahlster DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany LNAI Founding Series Editor Joerg Siekmann DFKI and Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/1244 Gabriele Kern-Isberner • Johannes Fürnkranz Matthias Thimm (Eds.) KI 2017: Advances in Artificial Intelligence 40th Annual German Conference on AI Dortmund, Germany, September 25–29, 2017 Proceedings 123 Editors Gabriele Kern-Isberner Matthias Thimm Fakultätfür Informatik FB Informatik Technische Universität Dortmund Universität Koblenz Dortmund Koblenz, Rheinland-Pfalz Germany Germany Johannes Fürnkranz FB Informatik TU Darmstadt Darmstadt, Hessen Germany ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence ISBN 978-3-319-67189-5 ISBN 978-3-319-67190-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-67190-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017953421 LNCS Sublibrary: SL7 – Artificial Intelligence © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface The German conference on Artificial Intelligence (abbreviated KI for “Künstliche Intelligenz”) looks back on a long and fruitful history. The first official event took place in 1975, at that time a workshop of the KI working group of the German “Gesellschaft für Informatik” (association for computer science, GI). Before that, there were inofficial meetings, such as the “Fachtagung Kognitive Verfahren und Systeme”, which was held in Hamburg in April 1973. The meeting has now developed into an annual conference for researchers in artificial intelligence, primarily from Germany and its neighboring countries but open to international participation. This volume contains the papers presented at the 40th event in this series, which was held at the Technical University of Dortmund, September 25–29th, 2017. This year we received 73 valid submissions, an increase of 50% over last year. We were able to accept 20 papers as full research papers and 16 as short technical communications, yielding an acceptance rate of 27% for full papers and 49% overall. Due to the limited number of available slots in the conference schedule, we had to make difficult decisions and several worthy submissions had to be rejected or downgraded from full to short papers. The Program Committee worked very hard to thoroughly review all the submitted papers and to provide action points to improve the papers. Despite the increased workload for the PC, almost all papers received three reviews, and only 10 papers had to be selected or rejected on the basis of only 2 reviews. The program chairs managed discussions amongst the reviewers, from which the final decisions emerged. As a result, the contributions cover a range of topics from, e.g., agents, robotics, cognitive sciences, machine learning, planning, knowledge representation, reasoning, and ontologies, with numerous applications in areas like social media, psychology, and transportation sys- tems, reflecting the richness and diversity of our field. In addition to the regular sessions, our program also featured three invited talks by Pierre Baldi (University of California, Irvine), Gerhard Brewka (University of Leipzig), and Luc De Raedt (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven), as well as an industrial session featuring a keynote by Wolfgang Wahlster (Saarland University), and a session com- posed of presentations of selected papers by German authors that have been presented at our international sister conferences AAAI and IJCAI in 2017. In order to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, the program also contained a historical session with a panel discussion. The session was hosted by Ulrich Furbach, and contained contributions from the panelists Katharina Morik, Hans-Helmut Nagel, Bernd Neumann, and Jörg Siekmann. After a short review of the history of computer science and artificial intelligence in Germany by the host, the panelists commented on their early AI-related activities and the relationship of these activities with the computer science community at that time. Finally, the development of the field in recent years and its future was reflected in an open forum. VI Preface For the first two days of the conference, our workshop and tutorial chair, Christoph Beierle (University of Hagen), organized a program of two workshops: – ZooOperation Competition (Vanessa Volz, Christian Eichhorn) – Formal and Cognitive Reasoning (Christoph Beierle, Gabriele Kern-Isberner, Marco Ragni, Frieder Stolzenburg) During the workshops, many additional papers were presented, ideas discussed, and experiences exchanged. Moreover, the program also featured two tutorials: – Defeasible Reasoning for Description Logics (Ivan Varzinczak) – Knowledge Representation and Reasoning with Nilsson-Style Probabilistic Logics (Nico Potyka) Organizing such a traditional conference is a very challenging but no less rewarding experience, which would not have been possible without the help of the many indi- viduals who contributed to the success of this event. First and foremost, we would like to thank the authors and the reviewers for their excellent work, which forms the core of any such meeting. We also thank our workshop and tutorial chair, the invited speakers, the workshop chairs and tutorial presenters, and the participants of the historical ses- sion, all of which have already been listed above. Last but not least, special thanks go to the local organization team from the Technical University of Dortmund, Christian Eichhorn, Steffen Schieweck, and Marco Wilhelm without whom this con- ference would not have been possible. July 2017 Gabriele Kern-Isberner Johannes Fürnkranz Matthias Thimm Organization General Chair Gabriele Kern-Isberner TU Dortmund, Germany Program Chairs Johannes Fürnkranz TU Darmstadt, Germany Matthias Thimm University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany Workshop and Tutorial Chair Christoph Beierle University of Hagen, Germany Historial Session Chair Ulrich Furbach University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany Local Chairs Christian Eichhorn TU Dortmund, Germany Steffen Schieweck TU Dortmund, Germany Marco Wilhelm TU Dortmund, Germany Program Committee Klaus-Dieter Althoff DFKI/University of Hildesheim, Germany Franz Baader TU Dresden, Germany Christian Bauckhage Fraunhofer IAIS, Germany Sven Behnke University of Bonn, Germany Christoph Beierle University of Hagen, Germany Ralph Bergmann University of Trier, Germany Leopoldo Bertossi Carleton University, Germany Chris Biemann University of Hamburg, Germany Gerhard Brewka Leipzig University, Germany Philipp Cimiano Bielefeld University, Germany Jürgen Dix Clausthal University of Technology, Germany Igor Douven Paris-Sorbonne University, France Didier Dubois IRIT/RPDMP, France Stefan Edelkamp University of Bremen, Germany Christian Guttmann Nordic AI Institute/Karolinska Institute/ Univ. of New South Wales, Australia VIII Organization Barbara Hammer Bielefeld University, Germany Malte Helmert University of Basel, Switzerland Andreas Hotho University of Würzburg, Germany Eyke Hüllermeier University of Paderborn, Germany Anthony Hunter University College London, UK Steffen Hölldobler TU Dresden, Germany Dietmar Jannach TU Dortmund, Germany Jean Christoph Jung Universität Bremen, Germany Kristian Kersting TU Darmstadt, Germany Oliver Kramer Universität Oldenburg, Germany Ralf Krestel Hasso Plattner Institute/University of Potsdam, Germany Thomas Lukasiewicz University of Oxford, UK Till Mossakowski University of Magdeburg, Germany Maurice Pagnucco The University of New South Wales, Australia Heiko Paulheim University of Mannheim, Germany Rafael Peñaloza Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy Giuseppe Pirrò Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR-CNR), Italy Henri Prade IRIT/CNRS, France Stefan Roth TU Darmstadt, Germany Günter Rudolph TU Dortmund, Germany Sebastian Rudolph TU Dresden, Germany Klaus-Dieter Schewe Software Competence