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British Antarctic Survey JR15006 Cruise Report

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British Antarctic Survey JR15006 Cruise Report British Antarctic Survey JR15006 Cruise report 31st March-26th April 2016 A23 repeat hydrography and 18O baseline/endmember survey RRS James Clark Ross PSO: Andrew Meijers Frontispiece: JR15006 cruise track and sample sites. Figure courtesy of David Munday. Cover photo shows the RRS James Clark Ross moored at the BAS base at King Edward Point, South Georgia. Photo courtesy of Michael Meredith Acknowledgements: It is a pleasure to thank some of the many people and groups that helped to make this voyage the success that it was. Particular thanks are owed to Ralph Stevens and the officers and crew of the JCR, for keeping us moving in the right direction, often in marginal and trying conditions while keeping us safe, fed, and happy. Thanks also to Hugh Venables, Brian King, and especially Andreas Thurnherr for a remarkable level of assistance from shore with technical and computing matters relating to the CTD and LADCP, despite weekends, bank holidays and travels of their own. 2 Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 6 1.1 Synopsis ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Scientific rationale for A23 .............................................................................................. 6 1.1.2 Scientific rationale for δ18O baseline and end-member collection .................................. 7 1.2 Cruise participants ................................................................................................................ 9 1.3 Principal Scientist’s narrative ............................................................................................... 10 1.4 Event log ............................................................................................................................. 14 2. Conductivity-Temperature-Depth operations and data processing ............................................ 16 2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Instrument setup and configuration ..................................................................................... 16 2.3 Instrument deployment protocol .......................................................................................... 17 2.3.1 Guide to running a CTD cast on JR15006 .................................................................... 17 2.3.2. Picking bottle depths on JR15006 ............................................................................... 19 2.4 Data processing .................................................................................................................. 21 2.4.1. SeaBird CTD processing ............................................................................................. 21 2.4.2. Matlab processing ....................................................................................................... 22 2.5 Data calibration ................................................................................................................... 23 2.5.1. Temperature calibration. .............................................................................................. 23 2.5.2. Conductivity calibration. ............................................................................................... 26 2.6 Issues and Points of Note ................................................................................................... 31 2.7 Example data ...................................................................................................................... 34 2.8 Closing remarks .................................................................................................................. 36 3. Salinometry ............................................................................................................................... 37 4. Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ............................................................................... 39 4.1 LADCP Deployment ............................................................................................................ 39 4.1.1 LADCP deployment log ................................................................................................ 40 4.2 LADCP data processing ...................................................................................................... 40 4.2.1 Modifications to the LDEO-IX software ......................................................................... 41 4.2.2 Problems encountered ................................................................................................. 41 4.3 LADCP results..................................................................................................................... 42 5. Vessel-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (VADCP) .................................................... 44 5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 44 5.2 Instrument and configuration ............................................................................................... 44 5.2.1 Installation .................................................................................................................... 44 5.2.2 Control ......................................................................................................................... 44 5.2.3 Configuration during JR15006 ...................................................................................... 44 5.2.4 Data collection and storage .......................................................................................... 45 5.2.5 Alignment ..................................................................................................................... 45 5.2.6 Interference with other instruments ............................................................................... 45 3 5.2.7 Bottom tracking ............................................................................................................ 46 5.2.8 Narrowband versus broadband .................................................................................... 46 5.2.9 Previous cruises that have used the OS75 ................................................................... 46 5.2.10 Format of VmDas output ............................................................................................ 46 5.2.11 Things to check regularly while the SADCP is pinging and logging ............................. 47 5.2.12 Errors as reported in the .LOG files ............................................................................ 47 5.3 Post-processing using Matlab ............................................................................................. 47 5.3.1 Description of how the Matlab scripts operate .............................................................. 48 5.3.2 Getting started .............................................................................................................. 49 5.3.3 Output files ................................................................................................................... 49 5.3.4 Dependency issues ...................................................................................................... 50 5.3.5 Results ......................................................................................................................... 50 5.3.6 References ................................................................................................................... 51 6. Underway Navigation Data ....................................................................................................... 54 6.1 Instrumentation and data collection ..................................................................................... 54 6.2 Processing .......................................................................................................................... 54 6.3 Problems encountered ........................................................................................................ 55 7. Underway meteorological and surface ocean data .................................................................... 56 7.1 Instrumentation and data streams ....................................................................................... 56 7.2 Data processing .................................................................................................................. 56 7.3 Underway event log ............................................................................................................ 58 7.4 Calibration ........................................................................................................................... 58 7.5 Lag time between hull inlet and underway lab ..................................................................... 58 7.6 Example figures .................................................................................................................. 59 8. Underway Water Isotope Analyser ............................................................................................ 63 8.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 63 8.2 Instrumental measurement of water isotopes .....................................................................
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