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The Suez Canal, the 6-Day War and the Problems Encountered

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The Suez Canal, the 6-Day War and the Problems Encountered Seascape The Suez Canal, the 6-Day war and the problems encountered. Bob Asplet Written up from a diary kept during the time spent on board the Port Invercargill in the Great Bitter Lake, Suez Canal. Jersey March 2007 In 1967, I was Chief Officer (1st Mate) on On arrival at Aden, we found that the port was board the refrigerated cargo ship Port in the midst of a strike of the Oil Terminal Invercargill1 bound from Melbourne to operators, and so we were diverted to Djibouti Avonmouth with a mixed cargo. The ship for bunkers. Unfortunately, a large number of had been refitted in Belfast in 1966, and other ships were also diverted, so there was a delay of some two days before we bunkered. had sailed from the UK in early September 1966. In June 1967, when we After bunkering we set off for Suez – listening were only a week away from home after to the BBC world service which reported on nine months trading away from Europe, the Middle East situation, but we were the Six Day War broke out between Israel reassured by the statements from President and her Arab neighbours and we found Nasser that the canal would remain open – ourselves trapped in the Suez Canal. provided other nations refrained from interfering in the crisis. We arrived in Suez Bay at noon on June 4th and anchored in the merchant ship anchorage to await the next northbound convoy2. At 0547 on June 5th we left the anchorage to join the convoy as Number 8 of the general cargo section. At this time we were unaware of the dawn attack on the Canal by Israeli aircraft. As MV Port Invercargill we entered the canal we heard distant gunfire, but assumed this to be the Egyptian This is a brief narrative, based on my army on manoeuvres. We were disillusioned diary of events written during the when passing the military airfield of El Kabret relevant period. (about 1 mile west of the canal), where we had a ringside view of several Israeli aircraft On the voyage across the Indian Ocean we strafing the airfield before heading east across were following the events in the Middle East, the canal between the ships of the convoy at where tension was building between Egypt what appeared to be mast height. and Israel, half-expecting orders to divert towards the Cape of Good Hope. This was not We – the senior Officers - held a hurried to be, and we followed our orders to take conference on the bridge and decided that bunkers at Aden, prior to steaming up the Red there was nothing we could do except Sea to Suez. 2 Passage through the canal usually took between 1 1 Port Invercarill, 10.483 grt owned by Port Line eleven and sixteen hours at the low speed of 8 was built by Harland & Woolf, Belfast in 1958 knots. Page The Suez Canal, the 6-Day war and the problems encountered. Seascape continue along the canal. The only defence us, homeward bound from Australia. We were we were able to mount was to close the told that the grounded tanker had been re- watertight door between the engine room and floated and was under way some distance the shaft tunnel and to man the emergency behind the southbound convoy. In order to steering on the poop in case the bridge was allow the Northbound ships to proceed, the hit. To find out what was happening ashore, US tanker – we now knew she was the African we provided the Canal Pilot with a transistor Glen - would anchor at Ismalia and allow the radio so that he could translate the local radio tanker section of the convoy to proceed. It news for us. From this we gleaned the appeared the Canal Authority had decided to information that a state of war existed allow night-time navigation as we were between Egypt and Israel. Much later, we ordered to get under way at 1920. This found out that the initial Israeli attack had changed just as we had the anchor under foot. been from the west – with Israeli aircraft flying All general cargo vessels were ordered to stay along the Mediterranean out of radar range – in the Bitter Lake. The Tanker section was before flying in to the west of Cairo and ordered to increase speed until they reached catching the Egyptian defence looking the the Eastern cut, where they were to remain wrong way! overnight. The southbound convoys were able to continue towards Suez, and were clear of the Bitter lakes by nightfall. The following morning – June 7th – we waited for orders, but received none. It was assumed that the Egyptian army was moving troops across the canal on pontoon bridges. The tanker section was clear of any such bridges and cleared the canal. On the evening of June 7th the canal was clear of merchant shipping except for 14 ships, 13 The result of an Israeli air raid of us anchored in the Great Bitter Lake, and We reached the holding anchorage in the the US merchant ship Africa Glen at anchor at Great Bitter Lake about noon. We found out Ismalia. The ships in the Bitter Lakes were from the Pilot that at about the same time as m.v Agapenor British the airfield attack, an American tanker m.v. Boleslaw Beirut Polish m.v. Djakarta Polish carrying grain had run aground just inside the m.v. Killara Swedish Canal at Port Said, blocking the canal. Even m.v. Lednice Czechoslovakian without the warfare, this would have caused m.v. Melampus British considerable disruption and the canal m.v. Munsterland German Authority decided to keep the two m.v. Nippon Swedish southbound convoys moving. (Because of the m.v Nordwind German imbalance of shipping movements, there were m.v. Port Invercargill British two Southbound and one Northbound convoy m.v. Scottish Star British each day.) We were advised that we would m.v. Sindh French m.v. Vassil Lvvsky Bulgarian remain in the anchorage until the following day. We also received instructions to black out Apart from the Port Invercargill, the British the ships at anchor, and the southbound ships ships were all Blue Funnel Line. were tied up in the canal at dusk. On the th following morning - June 6 we were joined by We all felt very sorry for the American vessel, a small convoy of eight ships - including being completely cut off from the remaining 2 another British ship – the Scottish Star – like ships. Page The Suez Canal, the 6-Day war and the problems encountered. Seascape At this stage, the Canal boat crews and that the Israeli troops were getting closer to Electricians had been taken ashore. Ships the canal as we could see explosions inland to transiting the canal were required to carry the east of the canal. All ships were ordered Canal boats and their crews to allow ships to by radio from the Canal Authority not to put tie up in the canal, and the electricians were boats in the water, or to communicate with required to operate the Canal searchlights the shore. which had split beams to illuminate the canal banks during the night time transits. Because June 9th and 10th were very quiet in our area, of the imbalance of shipping, Port Invercargill however, the British ships started to get more had been asked to carry an additional four talkative and discussed shortages and policy boats – making six in all – which came in over the VHF radio. We were in fairly good useful later. shape, with no serious shortages – but were short of tea, so we arranged to swap some with Melampus who was short of potatoes and yeast. We - the Brits - thought that all ships should be together on this – but as we were working on open VHF channels, felt sure all the other ships knew what we were planning. We heard the two Swedish ships talking together, but couldn’t follow their conversation! [Much later, we found that only the 4 British, one German, both Swedish and the French ship had VHF radio – and the French ship The Great Bitter Lake never spoke to any of us!] At this stage, all on board were concerned that our families would be worried about us. We June 10th. Two of our seamen went swimming were able to communicate with the UK direct over the side without permission and swam to and the Master had kept the company the Melampus about 400 yards away. They got informed of the position, but he had banned there easily enough, but got into difficulties private radio telegrams on the grounds that coming back upwind and had to be rescued by these would clog communication channels. I our motorboat. The ‘Old Man’ gave them a was not in agreement, as we did not know good dressing down but he did not stop how much information was being given to our swimming. families. [It turned out that they knew a lot more than we did, most of the time!] As a result, I was not able to send a personal message home until June 11th. The Egyptian authorities sent a message to every ship - on a frequency not normally used - instructing all ships in the canal to cease all radio traffic. One ship responded and received this message – all the other ships read the transmitted message but did not A watch on the Canal acknowledge receipt. Apart from the one June 11th. A busy day for us. Some 150 ship, all other ships were able to operate their Egyptian soldiers reached the east bank of the transmitters, and if challenged could plead lake.
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