BP Annual Report and Accounts 2006
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The Project Financing of Cross-Border Pipelines a Presentation to the Energy Charter Workshop Brussels
The Project Financing of Cross-Border Pipelines a presentation to the Energy Charter Workshop Brussels by Rubin Weston Chadbourne & Parke 17 October 2006 Regis House, 45 King William Street London EC4R 9AN Tel: +44 (0) 20 7337 8031 [email protected] © 2006, CHADBOURNE & PARKE All Rights Reserved Chadbourne & Parke: Legal Leaders in Energy Representing EBRD on the $180 million and $170 million financings of LUKoil’s and SOCAR’s respective investments in the Shah Deniz gas field and the South Caucasus Gas Pipeline Representing SOCAR on a $750 million loan facility in respect of the repayment of carry financing provided by TPAO and Exxon in respect of the ACG oil field and the financing of future cash calls Representing IFC on a $82 million loan to SC Petrotel-Lukoil SA to finance the modernisation of its refinery in Ploesti, Romania Represented Black Sea Trade and Development Bank and IFC on the financing of the Galata Gas Field, located offshore of Varna, Bulgaria in the Black Sea, the first limited recourse upstream project financing in the Black Sea Represented Transneft on a US $150 million syndicated receivable based financing facility arranged by Raiffeisen, Transneft’s first syndicated loan Represented IFC on the financing for a portion of LUKoil’s share of development of the Karachaganak field, the largest limited recourse petroleum project financing in Kazakhstan Represented Nations Energy on a US $150 million syndicated financing arranged by CSFB for the development of the Karazhanbas oil field in Kazakhstan and the -
Geopolitics, Oil Law Reform, and Commodity Market Expectations
OKLAHOMA LAW REVIEW VOLUME 63 WINTER 2011 NUMBER 2 GEOPOLITICS, OIL LAW REFORM, AND COMMODITY MARKET EXPECTATIONS ROBERT BEJESKY * Table of Contents I. Introduction .................................... ........... 193 II. Geopolitics and Market Equilibrium . .............. 197 III. Historical U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East ................ 202 IV. Enter OPEC ..................................... ......... 210 V. Oil Industry Reform Planning for Iraq . ............... 215 VI. Occupation Announcements and Economics . ........... 228 VII. Iraq’s 2007 Oil and Gas Bill . .............. 237 VIII. Oil Price Surges . ............ 249 IX. Strategic Interests in Afghanistan . ................ 265 X. Conclusion ...................................... ......... 273 I. Introduction The 1973 oil supply shock elevated OPEC to world attention and ensconced it in the general consciousness as a confederacy that is potentially * M.A. Political Science (Michigan), M.A. Applied Economics (Michigan), LL.M. International Law (Georgetown). The author has taught international law courses for Cooley Law School and the Department of Political Science at the University of Michigan, American Government and Constitutional Law courses for Alma College, and business law courses at Central Michigan University and the University of Miami. 193 194 OKLAHOMA LAW REVIEW [Vol. 63:193 antithetical to global energy needs. From 1986 until mid-1999, prices generally fluctuated within a $10 to $20 per barrel band, but alarms sounded when market prices started hovering above $30. 1 In July 2001, Senator Arlen Specter addressed the Senate regarding the need to confront OPEC and urged President Bush to file an International Court of Justice case against the organization, on the basis that perceived antitrust violations were a breach of “general principles of law.” 2 Prices dipped initially, but began a precipitous rise in mid-March 2002. -
The Struggle for Democratic Environmental Governance Around
The struggle for democratic environmental governance around energy projects in post-communist countries: the role of civil society groups and multilateral development banks by Alda Kokallaj A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2014 Alda Kokallaj Abstract This dissertation focuses on the struggle for democratic environmental governance around energy projects in post-communist countries. What do conflicts over environmental implications of these projects and inclusiveness reveal about the prospects for democratic environmental governance in this region? This work is centred on two case studies, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Vlora Industrial and Energy Park. These are large energy projects supported by the governments of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Albania, and by powerful international players such as oil businesses, multilateral development banks (MDBs), the European Union and the United States. Analysis of these cases is based on interviews with representatives of these actors and civil society groups, narratives by investigative journalists, as well as the relevant academic literature. I argue that the environmental governance of energy projects in the post-communist context is conditioned by the interplay of actors with divergent visions about what constitutes progressive development. Those actors initiating energy projects are shown to generally have the upper hand in defining environmental governance outcomes which align with their material interests. However, the cases also reveal that the interaction between civil society and MDBs creates opportunities for society at large, and for non-government organizations who seek to represent them, to have a greater say in governance outcomes – even to the point of stopping some elements of proposed projects. -
Azerbaijan 2021 Energy Policy Review Co-Funded by the European Union
Co-funded by the European Union Azerbaijan 2021 Energy Policy Review Co-funded by the European Union Azerbaijan 2021 Energy Policy Review INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines IEA member IEA association the full spectrum countries: countries: of energy issues including oil, gas Australia Brazil and coal supply and Austria China demand, renewable Belgium India energy technologies, Canada Indonesia electricity markets, Czech Republic Morocco energy efficiency, Denmark Singapore access to energy, Estonia South Africa demand side Finland Thailand management and France much more. Through Germany its work, the IEA Greece advocates policies Hungary that will enhance Ireland the reliability, Italy affordability and Japan sustainability of Korea energy in its 30 Luxembourg member countries, Mexico 8 association Netherlands countries and New Zealand beyond. Norway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom United States The European Commission also participates in the work of the IEA Please note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and distribution. The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/t&c/ Source: IEA. All rights reserved. International Energy Agency Website: www.iea.org Foreword The International Energy Agency (IEA) has been conducting in-depth peer reviews of the energy policies of its member countries – and of other countries – since 1976, and it recently modernised these reviews to focus on some of the countries’ key energy transition and security challenges. FOREWORD Azerbaijan is one of the focus countries of the EU4Energy programme, which is carried out by the IEA and the European Union along with the Energy Community Secretariat and the Energy Charter Secretariat. -
Caspian Oil and Gas Complements Other IEA Studies of Major Supply Regions, Such As Middle East Oil and Gas and North African Oil and Gas
3 FOREWORD The Caspian region contains some of the largest undeveloped oil and gas reserves in the world. The intense interest shown by the major international oil and gas companies testifies to its potential. Although the area is unlikely to become “another Middle East”, it could become a major oil supplier at the margin, much as the North Sea is today. As such it could help increase world energy security by diversifying global sources of supply. Development of the region’s resources still faces considerable obstacles. These include lack of export pipelines and the fact that most new pipeline proposals face routing difficulties due to security of supply considerations,transit complications and market uncertainties. There are also questions regarding ownership of resources, as well as incomplete and often contradictory investment regimes. This study is an independent review of the major issues facing oil and gas sector developments in the countries along the southern rim of the former Soviet Union that are endowed with significant petroleum resources: Azerbaijan, Kazakstan,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Caspian Oil and Gas complements other IEA studies of major supply regions, such as Middle East Oil and Gas and North African Oil and Gas. It also expands on other IEA studies of the area, including Energy Policies of the Russian Federation and Energy Policies of Ukraine. The study was undertaken with the co-operation of the Energy Charter Secretariat, for which I would like to thank its Secretary General, Mr. Peter Schütterle. Robert Priddle Executive Director 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The IEA wishes to acknowledge the very helpful co-operation of the Energy Charter Secretariat, with special thanks to Marat Malataev, Temuri Japaridze, Khamidulah Shamsiev and Galina Romanova. -
Bp: Beyond Petroleum?
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences & Humanities January 2002 bp: Beyond Petroleum? Sharon Beder University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/artspapers Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Beder, Sharon, bp: Beyond Petroleum? 2002. https://ro.uow.edu.au/artspapers/49 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Draft version of Sharon Beder, 'bp: Beyond Petroleum?' in Battling Big Business: Countering greenwash, infiltration and other forms of corporate bullying, edited by Eveline Lubbers, Green Books, Devon, UK, 2002, pp. 26-32 In 2000 the transnational oil giant BP Amoco rebranded itself as "bp: beyond petroleum." The rebranding was part of an effort to portray BP as an energy company, not just an oil company: one that incorporated solar energy in its portfolio and was willing to move away from oil. BP replaced its logo with a vibrant green-white-and-yellow sunburst named after Helios, the ancient Greek sun god. The logo was meant to connote "commitment to the environment and solar power" and promote the new bp "as the supermajor of choice for the environmentally-aware motorist."[1] The lower-case letters were chosen "because focus groups say bp is friendlier than the old imperialistic BP," which stood for British Petroleum.[2] Along with its new name, bp launched a new line of petrol station in the US, UK and Australia called bp connect, intended to "reposition BP Amoco, an old- economy gas station giant, into a progressive, environmentally friendly retailer." [3] Petrol is just one of many items for sale at the high-tech stations, which are equipped with solar panels. -
The Role of Greece in Europe's Southern Gas Corridor Strategy
Policy Paper / Κείμεμο Πολιτικής No 17 / February 2012 A Strategic Challenge: The role of Greece in Europe’s Southern Gas Corridor Strategy Dr. Thanos Dokos / Director General, ELIAMEP Dr. Theodoros Tsakiris / ELIAMEP Coordinator Geopolitics of Energy Programme 1 PP No 17 | February 2012 A Strategic Challenge: The role of Greece in Europe’s Southern Gas Corridor Strategy Thanos Dokos, Theodoros Tsakiris Copyright © 2012 Hellenic Foundation for European & Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP) 49, Vas. Sofias Ave, 106 76 Athens, Greece Tel.: +30 210 7257 110 | Fax: +30 210 7257 114 | www.eliamep.gr | [email protected] All Rights Reserved A Strategic Challenge: The role of Greece in Europe’s Southern Gas Corridor Strategy by Dr. Thanos Dokos / Director General, ELIAMEP Dr. Theodoros Tsakiris / Coordinator ELIAMEP Geopolitics of Energy Programme with the contribution of Dr. Ioannis Armakolas, “STAVROS COSTOPOULOS” Research Fellow ELIAMEP offers a forum for debate on international and European issues. Its non-partisan character supports the right to free and well documented discourse. ELIAMEP publications aim to contribute to scholarly knowledge and to provide policy relevant analyses. As such, they solely represent the views of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Foundation. 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................5 Main conclusions ...........................................................................................................................................5 -
Bp to Grow Mobility and Convenience Presence in America, Integrating Convenience Leader Thorntons
bp to grow mobility and convenience presence in America, integrating convenience leader Thorntons 13 July 2021 • Acquisition will bring bp more than 200 high-quality retail stores in Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Tennessee and Florida • Deal marks bp’s re-entry into fully owned and operated stores in the US • Supports bp’s strategy of growing its convenience and mobility business bp announced an agreement to grow its presence in the US fuels and convenience retail business by taking full ownership of its Thorntons joint venture. bp has agreed to acquire the majority share it does not already own in the business from ArcLight Capital Partners, LLC. Once the transaction is complete, bp will become a leading convenience operator in the Midwest, with 208 owned and operated locations across six states, including Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Tennessee and Florida. bp plans to retain and build on the Thorntons brand. David Lawler, chairman and president, bp America: “We have a proud history of high-quality retail brands across the country. Incorporating Thorntons into our business combines their customer-first culture with our existing US retail network and will help us deliver our convenience strategy of offering customers what they want, where and when they want it.” Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Thorntons provides a competitive consumer offer and strong business operations. bp intends to build on, and further enhance, this long tradition of providing a distinctive customer experience while creating integrated value across bp’s mobility and convenience and fuels supply businesses. Convenience retail is evolving amid rising demand from consumers with ever-changing needs. -
Bp / Amoco Regulation
EN Case No IV/M.1293 - BP / AMOCO Only the English text is available and authentic. REGULATION (EEC) No 4064/89 MERGER PROCEDURE Article 6(1)(b) NON-OPPOSITION Date: 11/12/1998 Also available in the CELEX database Document No 398M1293 Office for Official Publications of the European Communities L-2985 Luxembourg COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 11/12/1998 PUBLIC VERSION MERGER PROCEDURE ARTICLE 6(1)(b) DECISION In the published version of this decision, some information has been omitted pursuant to Article 17(2) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 concerning non-disclosure of business secrets and other confidential information. The omissions are shown thus […]. Where possible the information omitted has been replaced by ranges of figures or a general description. To the notifying parties Dear Sirs, Case IV/M.1293 – British Petroleum / Amoco Notification of 29.10.1998 pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation N° 4064/89 1. On 29.10.1998, the Commission received notification pursuant to Article 4 of Council Regulation (EC) n° 4064/89 of a proposed concentration by which the undertakings The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. (“BP”) and Amoco Corporation (“Amoco”) enter into a full merger. I. THE PARTIES 2. BP and Amoco are international oil exploration, petroleum and petrochemical groups. They each have three core business activities, that is, oil and gas exploration and production; refining, marketing, supply and transportation of oil and gas; and manufacturing and marketing of petrochemicals and related products. In addition, both undertakings are involved in the solar energy field. II. THE OPERATION AND THE CONCENTRATION 3. -
Remediation and Restoration of Northern Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ecosystems Following the Deepwater Horizon Event
3 REMEDIATION AND RESTORATION OF NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS FOLLOWING THE DEEPWATER HORIZON EVENT Michael J. Blum, Brittany M. Bernik, Thomas Azwell, and Eric M.V. Hoek 3.1 INTRODUCTION On April 20, 2010, an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) drilling platform and blowout of the Macondo well 1500 m below resulted in the worst marine oil spill on record. An estimated 205 million gallons of crude oil and 260,000–520,000 tons of methane (the energy equivalent of 80–155 million gallons of crude oil) were released into the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) over the following 87 days (Camilli et al., 2012; Joye et al., 2011; McNutt et al., 2011). The DWH blowout was unlike all other well-studied crude oil releases into marine environments. The blowout resulted in a massive shore-bound surface spill, but the discharge of oil and gas under high pressure at extreme depth also resulted in unprecedented deep-ocean persistence of highly dispersed hydrocarbons. Addressing both surface and subsurface conditions posed unanticipated challenges to governmental responses shaped by traditional surface spills (Peterson et al., 2012). Response efforts not only identified major gaps in baseline knowledge of vulnerable ecosystems (Peterson et al., 2012) but also demonstrated that advances in deepwater drilling far outpaced advances in spill containment and shoreline remediation. Oil Spill Remediation: Colloid Chemistry-Based Principles and Solutions, First Edition. Edited by Ponisseril Somasundaran, Partha Patra, Raymond S. Farinato, and Kyriakos Papadopoulos. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 59 60 REMEDIATION AND RESTORATION OF NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO Upon surfacing, oil from the blown Macondo well was transported across the northern GoM, where it grounded on shorelines from Louisiana to Florida. -
BP in Azerbaijan Baku September 2006 Cautionary Statement
BP in Azerbaijan Baku September 2006 Cautionary statement Forward looking statements: This presentation and the associated slides and discussion contain forward- looking statements, particularly those regarding oil and gas prices; expected start-up of Thunderhorse; the timing of other projects and their contribution to expected production, their estimated reserves and production capacity; production; the expected movement of non-proven resources to proved reserves; divestments and their effect; capital expenditure; and cash flow. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will or may occur in the future. Actual results may differ from those expressed in such statements, depending on a variety of factors, including the timing of bringing new fields on stream; future levels of industry product supply; demand and pricing; operational problems; general economic conditions; political stability and economic growth in relevant areas of the world; changes in laws and governmental regulations; exchange rate fluctuations; development and use of new technology; changes in public expectations and other changes in business conditions; the actions of competitors; natural disasters and adverse weather conditions; wars and acts of terrorism or sabotage; and other factors discussed elsewhere in this presentation. Cautionary Note to US Investors - The United States Securities and Exchange Commission permits oil and gas companies, in their filings with the SEC, to disclose only proved reserves that a company has demonstrated by actual production or formation tests to be economically and legally producible under existing economic and operating conditions. We use certain terms in this presentation, such as “resources” and “non-proven reserves”, that the SEC’s guidelines strictly prohibit us from including in our filings with the SEC. -
BP in Azerbaijan Sustainability Report 2007
BP in Azerbaijan Sustainability Report 2007 About this report The 2007 BP in Azerbaijan Sustainability Report covers our business 1 Foreword by the president of BP performance, environmental record and wider role in Azerbaijan during 2007. Azerbaijan Strategic Performance This is our fifth Sustainability Report and it reflects feedback we received about Unit (SPU) previous reports. Our earlier publications are available at www.bp.com/caspian. 2 Country context By 'sustainability' we mean the capacity to endure as a commercial organisation by 3 Achievements and challenges 4 Report concept, scope and renewing assets and by creating and delivering better products and services so that process we meet the evolving needs of society, attract successive generations of employees, 5 BP Azerbaijan SPU interests contribute to a sustainable environment and retain the trust and support of our 6 Chapter 1 – BP in Azerbaijan: customers, shareholders and the communities in which we operate. our operations 7 BP in Azerbaijan at a glance References in this report to 'us', 'we' and 'our' relate to BP in Azerbaijan unless otherwise stated. Specific ref- 10 BP in Azerbaijan in perspective erences to 'BP' and the 'BP group' mean BP p.l.c., its subsidiaries and affiliates. Unless otherwise specified, 11 Dialogue and engagement the text does not distinguish between the operations and activities of BP p.l.c. and those of its subsidiaries 14 Our projects and operations and affiliates. 20 Operating responsibly: - HSE management system - Safety A message from Ernst & Young - Environment This report has been substantiated by Ernst & Young, the BP group auditors. The - Health primary purpose of the report substantiation process is to test that the asser- 32 Security and human rights tions, claims and data set out in the text regarding BP’s sustainability perform- 34 People, compliance and ethics ance can be supported by evidence.