DOCSLIB.ORG

Deep-Sea Corals Science and Management

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Third International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals Science and Management PROGRAM AND ABSTRACT BOOK November 28-December 2, 2005 University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Miami, Florida, USA Project # 0507 November 28-December 2, 2005 z Miami, FL, USA November 28, 2005 Dear Symposium Participant, It is a great pleasure to welcome you all to the 3rd International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals. The purpose of the symposium is to provide a forum for scientific information exchange and explore new concepts and future collaboration among the participants. What will be discussed over the course of the next few days promises to be an exciting insight into the significant advances in ocean science and management of coldwater corals, sponges, seamounts, and associated fauna. We hope that you will participate in the creative discussions that will expand our collective understanding of the complex array of topics under the eight themes developed by the symposium advisory committee. Increasing interest in understanding and protecting deep-water ecosystems is clearly evident in discussions taking place at the United Nations and in several countries around the world. Interest in presenting and discussing scientific advances and ways to protect these areas has grown as well. In 2000, the 1st International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals took place in Halifax, Canada, with 42 oral presentations and 22 posters comprising the agenda. Three years later in Erlangen, Germany, the symposium had grown into 67 oral presentations and 42 posters. Realizing that the amount of interest and scientific advances in deepwater ecology was quickly expanding, the International Steering Committee decided to hold this symposium two years later, not three. This decision seems to have been warranted as we received approximately 200 abstracts from 29 countries, translating into 9 keynote addresses, 102 oral presentations, and 88 posters. We wish to thank the various sponsors and co-sponsors of this symposium as well as the host institution, the prestigious Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science of the University of Miami. The University of Florida/IFAS Office of Conferences and Institutes has worked hard to ensure that all of the symposium’s activities meet your expectations. On behalf of the members of the international steering committee, symposium core committee, advisory committee, local arrangement committee, and the 16 co-conveners who all contributed time, enthusiasm, and resources. Welcome to the international city of Miami, Florida, USA! Robert J. Brock Robert Y. George NOAA Fisheries Service George Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainability Co-Organizer Co-Organizer i Third International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals ii November 28-December 2, 2005 z Miami, FL, USA 28 November 2005 TO: All participants of the Third International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences University of Miami Dear Deep-Water Coral Scientists: As an advocate of conservation of biodiversity on Earth, I am thrilled to learn from Prof. Bob George (co-organizer of the symposium) that 250 deep-coral researchers and science managers from 30 nations are assembling today in Miami, to synthesize existing knowledge on habitat- forming azooxanthellate cold corals. I realize that numerous described and undescribed invertebrate species and fish fauna area associated with these colorful and spectacular seamounts and undersea gardens in the world oceans. I wish you all a successful conference and confluence of ideas (consilience) that can pave the way for wise management of these ecosystems by national and international governments. When Bob invited me to address this assembly of scientists in Miami, I realized that I have a field trip scheduled in the same time in the Dominican Republic, not too far from Miami. This conflict of schedule did not allow me to be with you all today. However, my thoughts are with you for achieving the goal of preventing biodiversity decline. The ecosystem collapse can be caused by habitat destruction due to bottom commercial trawling (physical destruction). It can also happen by silent extinction of even undescribed deep-sea species (such as unknown) species of sharks in the abyss, due to changes in thermohaline distribution (as induced by climate change-man’s activities included) or disruption of ecosystem structure and function (long-line fishing of predatory species in the top of food pyramids in seamounts). The “Storm over Amazon” and “Unmined Riches,” which I describe in my book on ‘Biodiversity’ (1992), are equally true for land and marine ecosystems. Time has come for scientists in all nations to take every action possible to conserve and protect biodiversity. I wish all a pleasant time in Miami and a productive outcome of this international conference. Sincerely Edward O. Wilson EOW:kmh iii Third International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals iv November 28-December 2, 2005 z Miami, FL, USA Table of Contents Welcome Letter ...................................................................................................... i Letter from Dr. Edward O. Wilson.................................................................... iii Dedications........................................................................................................... vii Opening Session VIPs.......................................................................................... ix Symposium Sponsors......................................................................................... xiii Symposium Committees ......................................................................................xv Editors and Editorial Board: Bulletin of Marine Science .............................. xvi GIBS Medals and Awards................................................................................ xvii Best Poster Awards........................................................................................... xvii GIBS Distinguished Foreign Scholars to 3rd ISDSC in Miami................... xviii Post Symposium Field Trip Information......................................................... xix Program Agenda ................................................................................................ xxi Poster Session Directory..................................................................................xxxv Symposium Oral Abstracts Theme 1 – Systematics and Zoogeography ............................................................................1 Theme 3A – Geology: Palaeontology...................................................................................15 Theme 2A – Habitat Mapping, Sampling, and Characterization..........................................29 Theme 5 – Biodiversity: Microbial and Invertebrate Association........................................43 Theme 3B – Geology: Climate Change................................................................................57 Theme 4 – Coral Biology: Feeding, Growth and Reproduction Characterization................71 Theme 2B – Habitat Mapping, Sampling and Characterization ...........................................85 Theme 6 – Fish Ecology.......................................................................................................99 Theme 8 – Conservation and Protection of Deep-Sea Corals.............................................113 Theme 7 – Ecosystem Based Management ........................................................................127 Symposium Poster Abstracts Theme 1 – Systematics and Zoogeography ........................................................................141 Theme 2 – Habitat Mapping, Sampling, and Characterization...........................................153 Theme 3A – Geology: Palaeontology.................................................................................177 Theme 3B – Geology: Climate Change..............................................................................183 Theme 4 – Coral Biology: Feeding, Growth and Reproduction Characterization..............197 Theme 5 – Biodiversity: Microbial and Invertebrate Association......................................207 Theme 6 – Fish Ecology.....................................................................................................217 Theme 7 – Ecosystem Based Management ........................................................................223 Theme 8 – Conservation and Protection of Deep-Sea Corals.............................................227 Author Index ......................................................................................................245 Doubletree Hotel Coconut Grove Floor Plans.................................................251 University of Miami RSMAS Map ...................................................................252 v Third International Symposium on Deep-Sea Corals vi November 28-December 2, 2005 z Miami, FL, USA Dedications Symposium Dedication to the Late Dr. Robert Avent It is with great pleasure I recognize the contributions to our knowledge of cold coral ecosystems by the late Dr. Robert M. Avent of the Mineral Management Services (MMS), a co-sponsor of the 3rd ISDSC in Miami. This international symposium is dedicated to the memory and honor of Dr. Avent. The accompanying photo shows Dr. Avent in his youth while entering the Johnson Sea-Link submersible which he used to study the Oculina coral reefs over continental shelf edge off the Florida Atlantic coast. You all have received
Recommended publications
  • Bermuda Biodiversity Country Study - Iii – ______

    Bermuda Biodiversity Country Study - Iii – ______

    Bermuda Biodiversity Country Study - iii – ___________________________________________________________________________________________ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • The Island’s principal industries and trends are briefly described. This document provides an overview of the status of • Statistics addressing the socio-economic situation Bermuda’s biota, identifies the most critical issues including income, employment and issues of racial facing the conservation of the Island’s biodiversity and equity are provided along with a description of attempts to place these in the context of the social and Government policies to address these issues and the economic needs of our highly sophisticated and densely Island’s health services. populated island community. It is intended that this document provide the framework for discussion, A major portion of this document describes the current establish a baseline and identify issues requiring status of Bermuda’s biodiversity placing it in the bio- resolution in the creation of a Biodiversity Strategy and geographical context, and describing the Island’s Action Plan for Bermuda. diversity of habitats along with their current status and key threats. Particular focus is given to the Island’s As human use or intrusion into natural habitats drives endemic species. the primary issues relating to biodiversity conservation, societal factors are described to provide context for • The combined effects of Bermuda’s isolation, analysis. climate, geological evolution and proximity to the Gulf Stream on the development of a uniquely • The Island’s human population demographics, Bermudian biological assemblage are reviewed. cultural origin and system of governance are described highlighting the fact that, with 1,145 • The effect of sea level change in shaping the pre- people per km2, Bermuda is one of the most colonial biota of Bermuda along with the impact of densely populated islands in the world.
  • Raman Investigations to Identify Corallium Rubrum in Iron Age Jewelry and Ornaments

    Raman Investigations to Identify Corallium Rubrum in Iron Age Jewelry and Ornaments

    minerals Article Raman Investigations to Identify Corallium rubrum in Iron Age Jewelry and Ornaments Sebastian Fürst 1,†, Katharina Müller 2,†, Liliana Gianni 2,†, Céline Paris 3,†, Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet 3,†, Christopher F.E. Pare 1,† and Ina Reiche 2,4,†,* 1 Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie, Institut für Altertumswissenschaften, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Schillerstraße 11, Mainz 55116, Germany; [email protected] (S.F.); [email protected] (C.F.E.P.) 2 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d‘archéologie moléculaire et structurale (LAMS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; [email protected] (K.M.); [email protected] (L.G.) 3 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8233, De la molécule au nano-objets: réactivité, interactions et spectroscopies (MONARIS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; [email protected] (C.P.); [email protected] (L.B.-G.) 4 Rathgen-Forschungslabor, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin-Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Schloßstraße 1 a, Berlin 14059, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +49-30-2664-27101 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Academic Editor: Steve Weiner Received: 31 December 2015; Accepted: 1 June 2016; Published: 15 June 2016 Abstract: During the Central European Iron Age, more specifically between 600 and 100 BC, red precious corals (Corallium rubrum) became very popular in many regions, often associated with the so-called (early) Celts. Red corals are ideally suited to investigate several key questions of Iron Age research, like trade patterns or social and economic structures. While it is fairly easy to distinguish modern C.
  • Pearls and Organic Gemstones

    Pearls and Organic Gemstones

    Pearls and Organic Gemstones INTRODUCTION Pearls were probably the first discovered gems of significance. Because they need no cutting or treatment to enhance their beauty and are rare natural occurrences, they have most likely always been highly esteemed. Organic gemstones are anything created by living processes. We have looked at amber in the past, but bone, teeth (such as ivory), and shells all have some value and are used today as gemstones. Pearls in General A pearl is grown by a mollusk (a bivalve such as a clam, oyster, or mussel or snail [single shell = valve]) in response to an irritant. Bivalves (two shelled mollusks) that secrete pearls live in both fresh‐ and saltwater. The irritant in most cases is a parasite (though it could be a grain of sand or other object). The parasite, a worm or other creature, is walled off by a secretion of calcium carbonate and protein. The calcium carbonate is the same as the inorganic material that makes stalactites in caves, and the protein is called conchiolin. The combination of these two substances (calcium carbonate and protein) makes the pearl's nacre (Nacre is also called mother of pearl). The nacre is a lustrous deposit around the irritant and forms concentric layers (overlapping circles). Many concentric layers of nacre build up over a period of a few years creating a pearl. The internal pattern is much like that seen in a jawbreaker. The layers create a sheen or luster that has iridescence and is described as both pearly luster and if colors of the rainbow are present, the pearl's orient.
  • MARINE FAUNA and FLORA of BERMUDA a Systematic Guide to the Identification of Marine Organisms

    MARINE FAUNA and FLORA of BERMUDA a Systematic Guide to the Identification of Marine Organisms

    MARINE FAUNA AND FLORA OF BERMUDA A Systematic Guide to the Identification of Marine Organisms Edited by WOLFGANG STERRER Bermuda Biological Station St. George's, Bermuda in cooperation with Christiane Schoepfer-Sterrer and 63 text contributors A Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto Singapore ANTHOZOA 159 sucker) on the exumbrella. Color vari­ many Actiniaria and Ceriantharia can able, mostly greenish gray-blue, the move if exposed to unfavorable condi­ greenish color due to zooxanthellae tions. Actiniaria can creep along on their embedded in the mesoglea. Polyp pedal discs at 8-10 cm/hr, pull themselves slender; strobilation of the monodisc by their tentacles, move by peristalsis type. Medusae are found, upside­ through loose sediment, float in currents, down and usually in large congrega­ and even swim by coordinated tentacular tions, on the muddy bottoms of in­ motion. shore bays and ponds. Both subclasses are represented in Ber­ W. STERRER muda. Because the orders are so diverse morphologically, they are often discussed separately. In some classifications the an­ Class Anthozoa (Corals, anemones) thozoan orders are grouped into 3 (not the 2 considered here) subclasses, splitting off CHARACTERISTICS: Exclusively polypoid, sol­ the Ceriantharia and Antipatharia into a itary or colonial eNIDARIA. Oral end ex­ separate subclass, the Ceriantipatharia. panded into oral disc which bears the mouth and Corallimorpharia are sometimes consid­ one or more rings of hollow tentacles. ered a suborder of Scleractinia. Approxi­ Stomodeum well developed, often with 1 or 2 mately 6,500 species of Anthozoa are siphonoglyphs. Gastrovascular cavity compart­ known. Of 93 species reported from Ber­ mentalized by radially arranged mesenteries.
  • Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices

    Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices

    JOINTS NATURE \=^ CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Checklist of fish and mvertebrates Usted in the CITES appendices JNCC REPORT (SSN0963-«OStl JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Report distribution Report Number: No. 238 Contract Number/JNCC project number: F7 1-12-332 Date received: 9 June 1995 Report tide: Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in the CITES appendices Contract tide: Revised Checklists of CITES species database Contractor: World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL Comments: A further fish and invertebrate edition in the Checklist series begun by NCC in 1979, revised and brought up to date with current CITES listings Restrictions: Distribution: JNCC report collection 2 copies Nature Conservancy Council for England, HQ, Library 1 copy Scottish Natural Heritage, HQ, Library 1 copy Countryside Council for Wales, HQ, Library 1 copy A T Smail, Copyright Libraries Agent, 100 Euston Road, London, NWl 2HQ 5 copies British Library, Legal Deposit Office, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ 1 copy Chadwick-Healey Ltd, Cambridge Place, Cambridge, CB2 INR 1 copy BIOSIS UK, Garforth House, 54 Michlegate, York, YOl ILF 1 copy CITES Management and Scientific Authorities of EC Member States total 30 copies CITES Authorities, UK Dependencies total 13 copies CITES Secretariat 5 copies CITES Animals Committee chairman 1 copy European Commission DG Xl/D/2 1 copy World Conservation Monitoring Centre 20 copies TRAFFIC International 5 copies Animal Quarantine Station, Heathrow 1 copy Department of the Environment (GWD) 5 copies Foreign & Commonwealth Office (ESED) 1 copy HM Customs & Excise 3 copies M Bradley Taylor (ACPO) 1 copy ^\(\\ Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report No.
  • Biodiversity of the Kermadec Islands and Offshore Waters of the Kermadec Ridge: Report of a Coastal, Marine Mammal and Deep-Sea Survey (TAN1612)

    Biodiversity of the Kermadec Islands and Offshore Waters of the Kermadec Ridge: Report of a Coastal, Marine Mammal and Deep-Sea Survey (TAN1612)

    Biodiversity of the Kermadec Islands and offshore waters of the Kermadec Ridge: report of a coastal, marine mammal and deep-sea survey (TAN1612) New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 179 Clark, M.R.; Trnski, T.; Constantine, R.; Aguirre, J.D.; Barker, J.; Betty, E.; Bowden, D.A.; Connell, A.; Duffy, C.; George, S.; Hannam, S.; Liggins, L..; Middleton, C.; Mills, S.; Pallentin, A.; Riekkola, L.; Sampey, A.; Sewell, M.; Spong, K.; Stewart, A.; Stewart, R.; Struthers, C.; van Oosterom, L. ISSN 1179-6480 (online) ISSN 1176-9440 (print) ISBN 978-1-77665-481-9 (online) ISBN 978-1-77665-482-6 (print) January 2017 Requests for further copies should be directed to: Publications Logistics Officer Ministry for Primary Industries PO Box 2526 WELLINGTON 6140 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0800 00 83 33 Facsimile: 04-894 0300 This publication is also available on the Ministry for Primary Industries websites at: http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-resources/publications.aspx http://fs.fish.govt.nz go to Document library/Research reports © Crown Copyright - Ministry for Primary Industries TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Objectives: 3 1.2 Objective 1: Benthic offshore biodiversity 3 1.3 Objective 2: Marine mammal research 4 1.4 Objective 3: Coastal biodiversity and connectivity 5 2. METHODS 5 2.1 Survey area 5 2.2 Survey design 6 Offshore Biodiversity 6 Marine mammal sampling 8 Coastal survey 8 Station recording 8 2.3 Sampling operations 8 Multibeam mapping 8 Photographic transect survey 9 Fish and Invertebrate sampling 9 Plankton sampling 11 Catch processing 11 Environmental sampling 12 Marine mammal sampling 12 Dive sampling operations 12 Outreach 13 3.
  • Cirrhitidae 3321

    Cirrhitidae 3321

    click for previous page Perciformes: Percoidei: Cirrhitidae 3321 CIRRHITIDAE Hawkfishes by J.E. Randall iagnostic characters: Oblong fishes (size to about 30 cm), body depth 2 to 4.6 times in standard Dlength. A fringe of cirri on posterior edge of anterior nostril. Two indistinct spines on opercle. A row of canine teeth in jaws, the longest usually anteriorly in upper jaw and half-way back on lower jaw; a band of villiform teeth inside the canines, broader anteriorly (in lower jaw only anteriorly). One or more cirri projecting from tips of interspinous membranes of dorsal fin. Dorsal fin continuous, with X spines and 11 to 17 soft rays, notched between spinous and soft portions; anal fin with III spines and 5 to 7 (usually 6) soft rays; pectoral fins with 14 rays, the lower 5 to 7 rays unbranched and usually enlarged, with the membranes deeply incised; pelvic fins with I spine and 5 soft rays. Principal caudal-fin rays 15. Branchiostegal rays 6. Scales cycloid. Swimbladder absent. Vertebrae 26. Colour: variable with species. cirri lower pectoral-fin rays thickened and unbranched Remarks: The hawkfish family consists of 10 genera and 38 species, 33 of which occur in the Indo-Pacific region; 19 species are found in the Western Central Pacific. Habitat, biology, and fisheries: Cirrhitids are bottom-dwelling fishes of coral reefs or rocky substrata; the majority occur in shallow water. They use their thickened lower pectoral-fin rays to wedge themselves in position in areas subject to surge. All species are carnivorous, feeding mainly on benthic crustaceans.
  • Deep-Sea Origin and In-Situ Diversification of Chrysogorgiid Octocorals

    Deep-Sea Origin and In-Situ Diversification of Chrysogorgiid Octocorals

    Deep-Sea Origin and In-Situ Diversification of Chrysogorgiid Octocorals Eric Pante1*¤, Scott C. France1, Arnaud Couloux2, Corinne Cruaud2, Catherine S. McFadden3, Sarah Samadi4, Les Watling5,6 1 Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States of America, 2 GENOSCOPE, Centre National de Se´quenc¸age, Evry, France, 3 Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California, United States of America, 4 De´partement Syste´matique et Evolution, UMR 7138 UPMC-IRD-MNHN- CNRS (UR IRD 148), Muse´um national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France, 5 Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America, 6 Darling Marine Center, University of Maine, Walpole, Maine, United States of America Abstract The diversity, ubiquity and prevalence in deep waters of the octocoral family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883 make it noteworthy as a model system to study radiation and diversification in the deep sea. Here we provide the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Chrysogorgiidae, and compare phylogeny and depth distribution. Phylogenetic relationships among 10 of 14 currently-described Chrysogorgiidae genera were inferred based on mitochondrial (mtMutS, cox1) and nuclear (18S) markers. Bathymetric distribution was estimated from multiple sources, including museum records, a literature review, and our own sampling records (985 stations, 2345 specimens). Genetic analyses suggest that the Chrysogorgiidae as currently described is a polyphyletic family. Shallow-water genera, and two of eight deep-water genera, appear more closely related to other octocoral families than to the remainder of the monophyletic, deep-water chrysogorgiid genera. Monophyletic chrysogorgiids are composed of strictly (Iridogorgia Verrill, 1883, Metallogorgia Versluys, 1902, Radicipes Stearns, 1883, Pseudochrysogorgia Pante & France, 2010) and predominantly (Chrysogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864) deep-sea genera that diversified in situ.
  • New Observations on Rhabdopleura Kozlowskii (Pterobranchia) from the Bathonian of Poland

    New Observations on Rhabdopleura Kozlowskii (Pterobranchia) from the Bathonian of Poland

    ACT A PAL A EON T 0 LOG IC A POLONICA Vol. XVI 1971 No. ( CYPRIAN KULICKI NEW OBSERVATIONS ON RHABDOPLEURA KOZLOWSKII (PTEROBRANCHIA) FROM THE BATHONIAN OF POLAND Abstract. - Specimens of Rh. kozlowskii Kulicki, 1969 have here been described from the Bathonian of southern Poland. A secondary layer, never observed before, has been found inside zooidal tubes. INTRODUCTION At present, the genus Rhabdopleura is represented by at least two species clearly different from each other, Le. Rh. normani Allman, 1869 and Rh. striata Schepotieff, 1909. All other Recent species display a con­ siderable similarity to Rh. normani and the necessity to distinguish them is called in question by many investigators (Schepotieff, 1906; Dawydoff 1948; Thomas & .Davis, 1949; Burdon-Jones, 1954 and others). The species Rh. compacta Hincks, 1880 has recently been restored by Stebbing (1970), who concludes that Rh. compacta differs from Rh. normani mostly in the form of colonies and lack of ring-shaped part of the stolon. The following three fossil species have hitherto been described: Rh. vistulae Kozlowski, 1956 from the Danian of Poland, Rh. eocenica Tho­ mas & Davis, 1949 from the Eocene of England, and Rh. kozlowskii Kulicki, 1969 from the Callovian of Poland. The specimens of Rh. kozlowskii, described in the present paper, were etched with hydrochloric acid fTom ca1careous-marlyconcretions which occur in black and dark-gray Bathonian clays, Morrisiceras morrisi Zone (R6zycki, 1953) of Blanowice near Zawiercie. The concretions, varying in shape, are mostly spherical or ellipsoidal and fluctuate in size between a few and some scores of centimetres. Many of the concretions collected contain a macrofauna of molluscs or pieces of wood.
  • Cold-Water Coral Reefs

    Cold-Water Coral Reefs

    Jl_ JOINTpk MILJ0VERNDEPARTEMENTET— — natiireW M^ iA/i*/r ONEP WCMC COMMITTEE Norwegian Ministry of the Environment TTTTr Cold-water coral reefs Out of sight - no longer out of mind Andre Freiwald. Jan Helge Fossa, Anthony Grehan, Tony KosLow and J. Murray Roberts Z4^Z4 Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2010 witii funding from UNEP-WCIVIC, Cambridge http://www.arcliive.org/details/coldwatercoralre04frei i!i_«ajuiti'j! ii-D) 1.-I fLir: 111 till 1 J|_ JOINT^ MILJ0VERNDEPARTEMENTET UNEP WCMC COMMITTEE Norwegta» Ministry of the Environment T» TT F Cold-water coral reefs Out of sight - no longer out of mind Andre Freiwald, Jan HeLge Fossa, Anthony Grehan, Tony Koslow and J. Murray Roberts a) UNEP WCMCH UNEP World Conservation Supporting organizations Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Cambridge CBS DDL Government United Kingdom National Parks and Wildlife Service Tel: +44 101 1223 2773U 7 Ely Place Fax; +W 101 1223 277136 Dublin 2 Email: [email protected] Ireland Website: www.unep-wcmc.org http://www.environ.ie/DOEI/DOEIhome nsf Director: Mark Collins Norwegian Ministry of the Environment Department for Nature Management The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the PO Box 8013 biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the Dep. N-0030 Oslo United Nations Environment Programme (UNEPI. the world's Norway foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. UNEP- http://wwwmilio.no WCMC aims to help decision makers recognize the value ol biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to Defra all that they do. The Centre's challenge is to transform complex Department for Environment.
  • Patterns of Septal Biomineralization in Scleractinia Compared with Their 28S Rrna Phylogeny

    Patterns of Septal Biomineralization in Scleractinia Compared with Their 28S Rrna Phylogeny

    PBlackwell Publishingatterns Ltd. of septal biomineralization in Scleractinia compared with their 28S rRNA phylogeny: a dual approach for a new taxonomic framework JEAN-PIERRE CUIF, GUILLAUME LECOINTRE, CHRISTINE PERRIN, ANNIE TILLIER & SIMON TILLIER Accepted: 2 December 2002 Cuif, J.-P., Lecointre, G., Perrin, C., Tillier, A. & Tillier, S. (2003). Patterns of septal bio- mineralization in Scleractinia compared with their 28S rRNA phylogeny: a dual approach for a new taxonomic framework. — Zoologica Scripta, 32, 459–473. A molecular phylogeny of the Scleractinia is reconstructed from approximately 700 nucleo- tides of the 5′end of the 28S rDNA obtained from 40 species. A comparison of molecular phylogenic trees with biomineralization patterns of coral septa suggests that at least five clades are corroborated by both types of data. Agaricidae and Dendrophylliidae are found to be monophyletic, that is supported by microstructural data. Conversely, Faviidae and Caryophyl- liidae are found to be paraphyletic: Cladocora should be excluded from the faviids, whereas Eusmilia should be excluded from the caryophylliids. The conclusion is also supported by the positions, sizes and shapes of centres of calcification. The traditional Guyniidae are diphyletic, corroborating Stolarski’s hypothesis ‘A’. Some results from our most parsimonious trees are not strongly statistically supported but corroborated by other molecular studies and micro- structural observations. For example, in the scleractinian phylogenetic tree, there are several lines of evidence (including those from our data) to distinguish a Faviidae–Mussidae lineage and a Dendrophylliidae–Agaricidae–Poritidae–Siderastreidae lineage. From a methodological standpoint, our results suggest that co-ordinated studies creating links between biomineralization patterns and molecular phylogeny may provide an efficient working approach for a re- examination of scleractinian classification.
  • Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution

    Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution

    Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution by Peter J. Etnoyer1 and Stephen D. Cairns2 1. NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC 2. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC This annex to the U.S. Gulf of Mexico chapter in “The State of Deep‐Sea Coral Ecosystems of the United States” provides a list of deep‐sea coral taxa in the Phylum Cnidaria, Classes Anthozoa and Hydrozoa, known to occur in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico (Figure 1). Deep‐sea corals are defined as azooxanthellate, heterotrophic coral species occurring in waters 50 m deep or more. Details are provided on the vertical and geographic extent of each species (Table 1). This list is adapted from species lists presented in ʺBiodiversity of the Gulf of Mexicoʺ (Felder & Camp 2009), which inventoried species found throughout the entire Gulf of Mexico including areas outside U.S. waters. Taxonomic names are generally those currently accepted in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and are arranged by order, and alphabetically within order by suborder (if applicable), family, genus, and species. Data sources (references) listed are those principally used to establish geographic and depth distribution. Only those species found within the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Exclusive Economic Zone are presented here. Information from recent studies that have expanded the known range of species into the U.S. Gulf of Mexico have been included. The total number of species of deep‐sea corals documented for the U.S.