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Northlight Heritage Report: 37 Project Id: 4276161 Data NORTHLIGHT HERITAGE Clan Gregor Glen Orchy Survey Project 2012 REPORT: 37 Dalmally Parish Church GPR Survey & PROJECT ID: 4276161 DATA STRUCTURE REPORT Stronmilchan Resistivity and Topographic Surveys Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 Northlight Heritage Studio 406 | South Block | 64 Osborne Street | Glasgow | G1 5QH web: www.northlight-heritage.co.uk | tel: 0845 901 1142 email: [email protected] Clan Gregor Glen Orchy Survey Project Data Structure Report on behalf of Clan Gregor Society CoVer Plate: GPR SurVey at Dalmally Church Report by: Charlotte Francoz, GaVin MacGregor, Olly O’Grady, & Ingrid Shearer Illustrations by: Ingrid Shearer & Charlotte Francoz Edited by: OliVia Lelong Directors: Charlotte Francoz, OliVer J T O’Grady and GaVin MacGregor Project Management: GaVin MacGregor Approved by: G MacGregor Date: 18/12/2012 2 Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 CONTENTS Abstract 4 1 Introduction 5 2 Site Location 6 3 Summary Aims & ObjectiVes 7 4 Methodology 7 5 Desk-Based Research 9 6 Results 10 7 Discussion 26 8 Acknowledgements 31 9 Lists of Sources 31 10 Appendix 1: Tables / Concordances Appendices 33 Appendix 2: DES Entry 35 Appendix 3: Cartographic EVidence 37 FIGURES 1 Site location 5 2 Radar timeslice (south>north) church porch. 11 3 a & b Radar timeslice (west>east) church porch. 12-13 0.25m (top), 1.2m (middle), 1.85m (bottom). 60ns Tsweep. North is to left and 14-16 4 west to top. 5 Profile Z3 (top) Tsweep 80ns, Profile Z5 (bottom) Tsweep 60ns. North to right. 17 Profile W2 (top) Tsweep 80ns, Profile W4 (middle), Profile W6 (bottom) Tsweep 18 6 60ns. Schematic plan of church with possible layout of earlier church (not to scale, 19 7 north top). 8 Resistance data (interpolated). 20 9 Resistance data (interpolated) with interpretation. 21 10 Radar profiles, Stronmilchan. 22-23 11 Results of walkoVer and topographic surVey Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan. 25 12 Results of walkoVer and topographic surVey overlain on OS map. 27 13 Results of walkoVer and resistiVity surVey overlain. 29 14 Results of walkoVer and GPR surVey. 30 PLATES 1 Dalmally Church Front 2 GPR SurVey at Dalmally Church 8 3 ResitiVity and GPR surVey at Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan 9 TABLES 1 Drawings 33 2 Photographs 33 3 Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 Abstract Two sites with close archaeological and historical association with Clan Gregor were subject to geophysical inVestigation. At one site, Dalamally Parish Church, ground penetrating surVey was undertaken to establish whether eVidence of preViously Clan Gregor disturbed burials and / or earlier churches could be located. At the second site, Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan, a combination of ground penetrating radar and resistiVity surVeys were undertaken to establish whether traces of an alleged Medieval moated enclosure associated with Clan Gregor were present. Additionally topographic surVey was undertaken at Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan, to place the results of geophysical surVey in a broader context. The results at Dalmally Parish Church suggest that there may be traces of an earlier church preserVed within the footprint of the current church and that anomalies are present at the east end which may relate to earlier burials. The depth of these anomalies suggest they represent the below ground remains of the results of preVious phases of actiVity at the site but the historical eVidence for actiVities relating to the demolition and rebuilding of churches at the site suggest these features are likely to haVe been disturbed. The nature of these anomalies cannot, howeVer, be established in the absence of intrusiVe archaeological inVestigations. The results at Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan, have shown there are extant traces of structures on and adjacent to the site. Some of these can be clearly related to buildings shown on 19th century and early 20th century maps but other features cannot and may be earlier in date. Additionally the results of geophysical surVey suggest that a large ditch is present to the north of the site and that there may be other structural remains present along the main ridge which runs east west through the site. CollectiVely, they suggest there may be archaeological remains present on site which are broadly characteristic of those described in historical accounts but the nature, character, extent and chronology of these remains would require determination by intrusiVe archaeological inVestigations. The project was funded by Clan Gregor Society. 4 Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 5 Figure 1: Site location Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 1. Introduction 1.1 This report presents the results of a short season of geophysical and topographic surVey at two sites in Glenorchy, both of which haVe a close association with Clan Gregor. The work comprised Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surVey at Dysart, Dalmally Parish Church and resistiVity and topographic surVeys at Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan (Figure 1). The project was carried out by Northlight Heritage on the 23rd and 24th July 2012 with the geophysical elements being undertaken by OJT Heritage. The work was carried out on behalf of the Clan Gregor Society and complements a wider body of research being undertaken into the history and genealogy of Clan Gregor. 1.2 The site of Dysart is of known antiquity with references to a church at the site in 1390 and with the presence of late MedieVal graVe slabs in the graVeyard (Pennant 1769; Brydall 1897). The present church was built in 1811 and Brydall noted when the old church was demolished before 1811 that: 'seVeral stone coffins were found at the north part of the east end of the church, where the MacGregors appear chiefly to have been buried; there were also found several of their tombstones, then Very much defaced, which were appropriated by such of the clan as continued to use the place as a burying-ground.' Brydall then refers to The Book of the Dean of Lismore, compiled by Sir James MacGregor, notary which records twelVe in-situ burials relating to Clan Gregor at Dysart between 1390 and 1528, and is explicit in seVeral cases they were in stone coffins to the north of the altar and in one case a stone coffin to the south of the altar. He (Brydall) suggests that the graVe-slabs from these were at some time placed in the south-west corner of the church yard but it is not clear whether the stone coffins were left in-situ. Thomas Pennant makes the following obserVation in 1769 “in the graVeyard are seVeral stones of great antiquity….”. This comment underscores the fact that at least some MedieVal carVed stones had been moVed outside the church before the reconstruction in 1811 – possibly pointing to the building of the second, post- Reformation church in 1615. The ultimate aim of the project was to undertake geophysical surVey at this site to establish whether eVidence for these coffins or burials at the east end of the current church can be found. The parish church is an A-listed building (HB Number: 12192). The site of Glenorchy Parish Church, churchyard and tombstones is a Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM No: 3810). As such there was a requirement for section 42 consent Via Historic Scotland to undertake the geophysical surVey. This consent was sought from Historic Scotland and giVen prior to work commencing on site. 1.3 The site of Bothan na Dige, Sronmilchan, is located c 1.4 km to the west of Dysart. It is referred to in the National Monuments Record for Scotland as the possible site of a fortified manor representing the residence of MacGregor of Glenstrae (NMRS no: NN12NE 3). The 1st edition Ordnance SurVey Map shows the site of Bothan na Dige (“House of the Ditch”) marked. There are 19th century records of the farmer encountering large stones in this field (OS 6, 15) and a suggestion that the site may haVe been demolished preViously (RCAHMS 1975, 254). Indeed there is a reference by in the New Statistical Accounts (1845, 601) to a tradition of a residence ‘built of wattles, and said to haVe been surrounded by a moat, and accessible only by a draw-bridge, was situate close to the White House in Stronnmilchain’. The ultimate aim of the project was to undertake geophysical surVey at this site to establish whether eVidence for this site could be found. 2. Site Location 2.1 The two sites are located in Glen Orchy, Argyll and Bute, with Dalmally Parish Church (NGR NN 16764 27516) 6 Northlight Heritage | Project: 4287161 | Report: 37 located to the north of the Village, and the site of Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan, (NGR NN 1537 2785) is located a further 1.4 kilometres west along the road from the church (Figure 1). 2.2 The church of Dystart is located within a graVeyard, the boundary of which in part retains a circular form that is suggestiVe of an earlier phase of actiVity at the site. The church is located on a raised ground which may be a natural mound but could also be at least in part constructed. The site appears to haVe originally been an island with the RiVer Orchy running to the north and a smaller meander located to the south. 2.3 Bothan na Dige , Stronmilchan is located on the riVer terraces to the north of the RiVer Orchy. It is currently improved pasture and there is eVidence of a recent drainage scheme. The ground generally falls away to the riVer to the south but there is a marked ridge running east to west through the site. 3. Summary Aims & Objectives The objectives of the archaeological work were to: • undertake GPR surVey at Dysart, Dalmally; • undertake resistiVity surVey at Bothan na Dige, Stronmilchan; • undertake topographic surVey at both sites; and • analyse and synthesise of the results to produce an assessment of the archaeological and historical potential of these remains and to interpret them in a wider context.
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