1 Native Predator Limits the Capacity of an Invasive
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Diversity and Phylogeography of Southern Ocean Sea Stars (Asteroidea)
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) Thesis submitted by Camille MOREAU in fulfilment of the requirements of the PhD Degree in science (ULB - “Docteur en Science”) and in life science (UBFC – “Docteur en Science de la vie”) Academic year 2018-2019 Supervisors: Professor Bruno Danis (Université Libre de Bruxelles) Laboratoire de Biologie Marine And Dr. Thomas Saucède (Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté) Biogéosciences 1 Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea) Camille MOREAU Thesis committee: Mr. Mardulyn Patrick Professeur, ULB Président Mr. Van De Putte Anton Professeur Associé, IRSNB Rapporteur Mr. Poulin Elie Professeur, Université du Chili Rapporteur Mr. Rigaud Thierry Directeur de Recherche, UBFC Examinateur Mr. Saucède Thomas Maître de Conférences, UBFC Directeur de thèse Mr. Danis Bruno Professeur, ULB Co-directeur de thèse 2 Avant-propos Ce doctorat s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une cotutelle entre les universités de Dijon et Bruxelles et m’aura ainsi permis d’élargir mon réseau au sein de la communauté scientifique tout en étendant mes horizons scientifiques. C’est tout d’abord grâce au programme vERSO (Ecosystem Responses to global change : a multiscale approach in the Southern Ocean) que ce travail a été possible, mais aussi grâce aux collaborations construites avant et pendant ce travail. Cette thèse a aussi été l’occasion de continuer à aller travailler sur le terrain des hautes latitudes à plusieurs reprises pour collecter les échantillons et rencontrer de nouveaux collègues. Par le biais de ces trois missions de recherches et des nombreuses conférences auxquelles j’ai activement participé à travers le monde, j’ai beaucoup appris, tant scientifiquement qu’humainement. -
Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and Its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions
Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) Research Document 2016/035 Pacific Region Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions Emily Rubidge1, Katie S. P. Gale1, Janelle M. R. Curtis2, Erin McClelland3, Laura Feyrer4, Karin Bodtker5, Carrie Robb5 1Institute of Ocean Sciences Fisheries & Oceans Canada P.O. Box 6000 Sidney, BC V8L 4B2 2Pacific Biological Station Fisheries & Oceans Canada 3190 Hammond Bay Rd Nanaimo, BC V9T 1K6 3EKM Scientific Consulting 4BC Ministry of Environment P.O. Box 9335 STN PROV GOVT Victoria, BC V8W 9M1 5Living Oceans Society 204-343 Railway St. Vancouver, BC V6A 1A4 May 2016 Foreword This series documents the scientific basis for the evaluation of aquatic resources and ecosystems in Canada. As such, it addresses the issues of the day in the time frames required and the documents it contains are not intended as definitive statements on the subjects addressed but rather as progress reports on ongoing investigations. Research documents are produced in the official language in which they are provided to the Secretariat. Published by: Fisheries and Oceans Canada Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat 200 Kent Street Ottawa ON K1A 0E6 http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/ [email protected] © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2016 ISSN 1919-5044 Correct citation for this publication: Rubidge, E., Gale, K.S.P., Curtis, J.M.R., McClelland, E., Feyrer, L., Bodtker, K., and Robb, C. 2016. Methodology of the Pacific Marine Ecological Classification System and its Application to the Northern and Southern Shelf Bioregions. -
Asterias Amurensis Global Invasive
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Asterias amurensis Asterias amurensis System: Marine Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Echinodermata Asteroidea Forcipulatida Asteriidae Common name North Pacific seastar (English), Nordpazifischer Seestern (German), Japanese seastar (English), northern Pacific seastar (English), purple-orange seastar (English), flatbottom seastar (English), Japanese starfish (English) Synonym Parasterias albertensis , Verrill, 1914 Asterias rubens , Murdoch, 1885 Asterias pectinata , Brandt, 1835 Asterias nortonensis , Clark, 1920 Asterias anomala , Clark, 1913 Asterias amurensis , f. robusta Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. latissima Djakonov, 1950 Allasterias rathbuni nortonens , Verrill, 1909 Allasterias rathbuni , var. anom Verrill, 1909 Allasterias rathbuni , var. nort Verrill, 1914 Asterias amurensis , f. acervispinis Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. flabellifera Djakonov, 1950 Asterias amurensis , f. gracilispinis Djakonov, 1950 Similar species Pisaster brevispinus, Pisaster giganteus, Pisaster ochraceus Summary Originally found in far north Pacific waters and areas surrounding Japan, Russia, North China, and Korea, the northern Pacific seastar (Asterias amurensis) has successfully invaded the southern coasts of Australia and has the potential to move as far north as Sydney. The seastar will eat a wide range of prey and has the potential for ecological and economic harm in its introduced range. Because the seastar is well established and abundantly widespread, eradication is almost impossible. However, prevention and control measures are being implemented to stop the species from establishing in new waters. view this species on IUCN Red List Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) 2021. Species profile Asterias amurensis. Pag. 1 Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=82 [Accessed 06 October 2021] FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Asterias amurensis Species Description Asterias amurensis (northern Pacific seastar) can grow upto 50cm in diameter. -
Contributions to the Classification of the Sea-Stars of Japan. : II
Contributions to the Classification of the Sea-stars of Japan. : II. Forcipulata, with the Note on the Relationships Title between the Skeletal Structure and Respiratory Organs of the Sea-stars (With 11 Plates and 115 textfigures) Author(s) HAYASHI, Ryoji Citation 北海道帝國大學理學部紀要, 8(3), 133-281 Issue Date 1943-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/27045 Type bulletin (article) File Information 8(3)_P133-281.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP , \ Contributio~s to the Classification of the Sea"stars ,of Japan. n. Forclpulata, with the Note on the Rela.. tionships between the Skeletal Structure and Respiratory Organs of the Sea"starsU Ryoji Hayashi Research Institute for Natural Resources (With 11 plates and 115 te::etjigures) It is the second report o{ the writer's investigation on the sea stars of Japan, undertaken under the guidance of Prof. Tohru Uchida and contains the following 41 forms belonging to the three families, Brisingidae, Zoroasteridae and Asteriidae. These families are all included in the .order Forcipulata. From Japanese waters 18 species of Forcipulata have previously been reported. 'l'hey all belong to the family Asteriidae, except Sladen's two species of Brisingidae. , The species newly recorde~ are marked with asterisk. Family Brisingidae * Odinia pacifica forma sagamiana n. forma * Odinia aust't'ni forma japonioo n. forma * Parabrisinga, pellucida n. sp. ' Brisingellaarmillata (SLADEN) * Freyellaster Fecundus forma ochotJensis n. forma * Freyellaster mtermedius n. sp. Freyella pennata SLADEN Family Zoroasteri~e * Zoroaster orientalis n. sp. * Zoroasterorientalis n. sp. forma gracilis n. forma * Zoroaster ophia.ctis FISHER * Zoroaster micropoTus FISHER * Cnemidaster 'wyvillii .SLADEN" 1) : Contributions from the Akkeshi Marine Biologi~al Station, No. -
Glossary for the Echinodermata
February 2011 Christina Ball ©RBCM Phil Lambert GLOSSARY FOR THE ECHINODERMATA OVERVIEW The echinoderms are a globally distributed and morphologically diverse group of invertebrates whose history dates back 500 million years (Lambert 1997; Lambert 2000; Lambert and Austin 2007; Pearse et al. 2007). The group includes the sea stars (Asteroidea), sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea), sea lilies and feather stars (Crinoidea), the sea urchins, heart urchins and sand dollars (Echinoidea) and the brittle stars (Ophiuroidea). In some areas the group comprises up to 95% of the megafaunal biomass (Miller and Pawson 1990). Today some 13,000 species occur around the world (Pearse et al. 2007). Of those 13,000 species 194 are known to occur in British Columbia (Lambert and Boutillier, in press). The echinoderms are a group of almost exclusively marine organisms with the few exceptions living in brackish water (Brusca and Brusca 1990). Almost all of the echinoderms are benthic, meaning that they live on or in the substrate. There are a few exceptions to this rule. For example several holothuroids (sea cucumbers) are capable of swimming, sometimes hundreds of meters above the sea floor (Miller and Pawson 1990). One species of holothuroid, Rynkatorpa pawsoni, lives as a commensal with a deep-sea angler fish (Gigantactis macronema) (Martin 1969). While the echinoderms are a diverse group, they do share four unique features that define the group. These are pentaradial symmetry, an endoskeleton made up of ossicles, a water vascular system and mutable collagenous tissue. While larval echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical the adults are pentaradially symmetrical (Brusca and Brusca 1990). All echinoderms have an endoskeleton made of calcareous ossicles (figure 1). -
RACE Species Codes and Survey Codes 2018
Alaska Fisheries Science Center Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering MAY 2019 GROUNDFISH SURVEY & SPECIES CODES U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | National Marine Fisheries Service SPECIES CODES Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division LIST SPECIES CODE PAGE The Species Code listings given in this manual are the most complete and correct 1 NUMERICAL LISTING 1 copies of the RACE Division’s central Species Code database, as of: May 2019. This OF ALL SPECIES manual replaces all previous Species Code book versions. 2 ALPHABETICAL LISTING 35 OF FISHES The source of these listings is a single Species Code table maintained at the AFSC, Seattle. This source table, started during the 1950’s, now includes approximately 2651 3 ALPHABETICAL LISTING 47 OF INVERTEBRATES marine taxa from Pacific Northwest and Alaskan waters. SPECIES CODE LIMITS OF 4 70 in RACE division surveys. It is not a comprehensive list of all taxa potentially available MAJOR TAXONOMIC The Species Code book is a listing of codes used for fishes and invertebrates identified GROUPS to the surveys nor a hierarchical taxonomic key. It is a linear listing of codes applied GROUNDFISH SURVEY 76 levelsto individual listed under catch otherrecords. codes. Specifically, An individual a code specimen assigned is to only a genus represented or higher once refers by CODES (Appendix) anyto animals one code. identified only to that level. It does not include animals identified to lower The Code listing is periodically reviewed -
Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet
Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet Nora R. Foster Principal Investigator Additional Researchers: Dennis Lees Sandra C. Lindstrom Sue Saupe Final Report OCS Study MMS 2010-005 November 2010 This study was funded in part by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) through Cooperative Agreement No. 1435-01-02-CA-85294, Task Order No. 37357, between BOEMRE, Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. This report, OCS Study MMS 2010-005, is available from the Coastal Marine Institute (CMI), School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7220. Electronic copies can be downloaded from the MMS website at www.mms.gov/alaska/ref/akpubs.htm. Hard copies are available free of charge, as long as the supply lasts, from the above address. Requests may be placed with Ms. Sharice Walker, CMI, by phone (907) 474-7208, by fax (907) 474-7204, or by email at [email protected]. Once the limited supply is gone, copies will be available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161, or may be inspected at selected Federal Depository Libraries. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. Evaluating a Potential Relict Arctic Invertebrate and Algal Community on the West Side of Cook Inlet Nora R. -
Marine Ecology Progress Series 233:143
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 233: 143–155, 2002 Published May 21 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Spatial variability in sexual and asexual reproduction of the fissiparous seastar Coscinasterias muricata: the role of food and fluctuating temperature Mattias Sköld*, Michael F. Barker, Philip V. Mladenov Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand ABSTRACT: Populations of the fissiparous seastar Coscinasterias muricata were surveyed around New Zealand to determine the frequency of asexual reproduction. Seastars from an intertidal popula- tion from the Maori Bay (North Island) and 2 shallow subtidal-intertidal sites in Otago Harbour on the east coast of the South Island had split, were asymmetrical, had multiple madreporites and skewed sex ratios when gonads were present. In contrast, none of the populations from 13 subtidal populations from the fjords on the west coast or a subtidal population from Stewart Island had characters indicat- ing that they had recently split. Examination of genetic diversity using allozymes agreed with mor- phological interpretations; the populations from the Maori Bay and the east coast (Otago Harbour) had significantly lower genotypic diversity than expected, while the fjord populations had genotypic diversity that conformed to expectations under sexual outcrossing. We investigated the effects of food supply and fluctuating temperature on growth, energy storage, gonad development and fission of C. muricata from a fissiparous population in Otago Harbour. Growth, gonad development and the py- loric caeca index increased with increased food supply. No effects were found due to the fluctuating temperature regime. Fission occurred in all treatments except when the seastars were starving, as in- dicated by decrease in size. -
Article VIII.-ECHINODERMS from LOWER CALIFORNIA, WITH
59.39(72.2) Article VIII.- ECHINODERMS FROM LOWER CALIFORNIA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.' BY HUBERT LYMAN CLARK. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mas. [By permission of the U. S. commissioner of Fisheries.] PLATES XLIV TO XLVI. The collection of echinoderms made by the 'Albatross' Expedition to Lower California in the spring of 1911 proves to be of more than ordinary interest. It consists of 1881 specimens representing 107 species, of which 40 are starfishes, 31 are ophiurans, 18 are echini and 18 are holothurians. There are no crinoids in the collection. There is one apparently new species among the echini and two undescribed forms in each of the other classes. Unfortunately no less than 33 species are represented by only one or two specimens and as these are not infrequently in poor condition and occa- sionally without a locality label, there are a considerable number of speci- mens whose identification is dubious. The region explored by the 'Albatross' is on the boundary between the Panamic region and that of the North Pacific, at least 54 of the species having been previously taken in the Panamic region. Yet there are a considerable number of northern forms, especially among the starfishes. These, however, are as a rule from the more northern stations. So far as littoral forms are concerned the boundary between the two regions appears to be about in the latitude of San Diego. Echinoderms were taken at all of the 'Albatross' dredging stations except three, Nos. 5679, 5680 and 5681. These three stations are in 325-405 fms. -
Distribution and Recruitment Patterns of Evechinus Chloroticus and Other New Zealand Echinoderms: the Role
Distribution and recruitment patterns of Evechinus chloroticus and other New Zealand echinoderms: the role of pre- and post-settlement events Andrea Glockner Fagetti A thesis submitted to Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington 2020 ii Abstract Numerous environmental and biological processes are responsible for shaping community structure in temperate rocky reefs. Replenishment of most marine invertebrate populations is largely determined by recruitment success, but it can be highly variable at different spatial and temporal scales. Recruitment is a complex process that involves larval supply, settlement (attachment to a suitable substrate and metamorphosis) and survival and growth of settled juveniles. However, factors controlling recruitment of mobile invertebrates, such as sea urchins, remain largely unknown. This study examines the major biotic and abiotic processes affecting early life stages of the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus, and to what extent these events control the size and distribution of adult populations. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of the processes shaping population structure of E. chloroticus and other echinoderm species. In Chapter 2, I investigated the spatial and temporal variation in settlement of E. chloroticus, during the austral summer, at five sites in two locations of the Wellington region (Harbour and South coast) that differ in population structure and environmental conditions. The highest mean seawater temperature and lowest salinity were observed in the Harbour, while the South coast displayed higher chlorophyll and turbidity values. Density of adult sea urchins was significantly higher in the Harbour compared to the South coast and was significantly correlated to the predominant habitat type (shells). -
Marine Pests
Marine Pests A Threat to Port Phillip & Western Port Marine Protected Areas A QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE What are marine pests? Marine pests are highly invasive animals and plants from other parts of the world that have become established in Victoria and cause significant damage to the health of our marine ecosystems. Many of these invaders arrived in Victoria accidentally, as larvae in ballast water or as adult hitch-hikers in ships that visit the port. What is at stake? Over 90% of plants and animals living in Australia’s southern waters are found nowhere else in the world. Victoria’s system of 13 marine national parks and 11 marine sanctuaries protect 5.3% of Victorian state marine waters. Port Phillip and Western Port region contain four marine national parks and four marine sanctuaries, being: • Port Phillip Heads Marine • Point Cooke Marine Sanctuary National Park • Jawbone Marine Sanctuary • Yaringa Marine National Park • Ricketts Point Marine • French Island Marine Sanctuary National Park • Mushr oom Reef Marine • Churchill Island Marine Sanctuary National Park For more information, call 13 1963 or visit: www.parks.vic.gov.au Native species Introduced species What can I do? Marine pests are spread by both natural means and with human help. To help prevent the spread of marine pests: • Use fresh water to thoroughly wash down boats, other watercraft, fishing gear, wetsuits, swimwear, and other marine equipment after use. • Dry boats and marine equipment properly before moving to other areas. • Be particularly vigilant when moving boats or equipment from Port Phillip and Western Port to other parts of Victoria. -
2002 Aleutian Islands Bottom Trawl Survey
APPENDIX A Description of Sampling Gear Table A-1 is a summarizes specifications of the Poly-Nor’Eastern trawl and Figure A-1 is a schematic diagram of the trawl and accessories used during the 2002 Aleutian Islands bottom trawl survey. 225 226 Appendix Table A-1.--Specifications of the trawl, otter doors, and accessory gear used during the 2002 Aleutian Islands bottom trawl survey. Equipment Specifications Netting - Polyethylene, 12.7 cm (5 in), 4 & 5 millimeter (mm) twine. Headrope - 27.2 m (89 ft-1 in), 1.3 cm (1/2 in) 6 x 19 gauge galvanized wire rope, wrapped with 1 cm (3/8 in) 3-strand polypropylene rope. Footrope - 24.9 m (81 ft-7 in), 1 cm (3/8 in) 6 x 19 gauge galvanized wire rope wrapped with polypropylene rope. Fishing line - 24.3 m (79 ft-7 in), shot-peened long-link chain. Safe working load 5.1 metric ton (t). Roller gear - 24.2 m (79 ft-6 in), 1.9 cm (3/4 in) diameter, 6 x 19 gauge galvanized wire rope strung through 10.2 cm (4 in) diameter rubber disks, 16 rubber wing bobbins 35.6 cm (14 in) in diameter and 34 galvanized rings hung with 30.5 cm (12 in) long dropper chain. Breastlines - 1 cm (3/8 in) 6 x 19 gauge galvanized wire rope wrapped with 1 cm polypropylene. Top corner 5.9 m (19 ft-6 in); bottom corner 2.6 m (8 ft-8 in); top side panel 5.9 m; bottom side panel 9.3 m (30 ft-6 in).