SLA Chemistry Division Newsletter (Oct-Dec 2006) Now Online
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Enriching Chemistry Database Content with Human-Like Indexing of Documents
WHITE PAPER Enriching Chemistry Database Content with Human-Like Indexing Of Documents APPLYING THE POWER OF A TAXONOMY WITH 450 MILLION TERMS Taxonomies are used to index content in databases, making facts and literature discoverable. The size of some taxonomies can make this task daunting. A comprehensive taxonomy to describe chemistry uses roughly 450 million terms, making it ~450 times the size of the English language and ~150 times the size of the next nearest discipline-specific taxonomy. To ensure that Reaxys® fully facilitates discoverability in the far-reaching and complex discipline of chemistry, two processes occur alongside each other: the familiar manual indexing and excerption method; and a novel automatic but human-like indexing process. How can the content in a large and diverse database be made highly discoverable? The English language has over 1 million words. How many do you think the average person can recognize? The online survey TestYourVocab.com enables visitors to test the size of their English vocabulary. The results reveal interesting trends. Data on roughly 450,000 native English speakers shows that most adult survey participants have a vocabulary size of 20,000 to 35,000 words. These are words that they can recognize and define. Topping the charts were individuals who came near 40,000 words. While these figures do not represent the average English-speaking population—it takes a certain type of person to respond to such surveys—and may be biased by the data collection methodology, the survey results hint at an upper limit to the word and concept retention capacity of the human brain. -
Botanica Marina 2017 · FEBRUARY · Volume 60 · Number 1 · PAGES 1–84
Botanica MARINA 2017 · FEBRUARY · VOLUME 60 · NUMBER 1 · PAGES 1–84 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Matthew J. Dring, Belfast/Portaferry, Northern Ireland (–2020) ASSOCIATE EDITORS Kirsten Heimann, Townsville, Australia (–2020) Ka-Lai Pang, Keelung, Taiwan (–2020) Georg Pohnert, Jena, Germany (–2017) Michel Poulin, Ottawa, Canada (–2020) EDITORIAL BOARD Charles D. Amsler, Birmingham, USA (–2020) Inka Bartsch, Bremerhaven, Germany (−2018) John Beardall, Clayton, Australia (–2017) John A. Berges, Milwaukee, USA (–2020) Sung Min Boo, Daejeon, Korea (–2018) Olivier De Clerck, Ghent, Belgium (–2018) Jeffrey L. Gaeckle, Olympia, USA (−2018) Mona Hoppenrath, Wilhelmshaven, Germany (–2018) Catriona Hurd, Hobart, Australia (−2018) Gavin W. Maneveldt, Bellville, South Africa (–2018) Michael J. Wynne, Ann Arbor, USA (–2020) Abstracted/INDEXED IN AGRICOLA (National Agricultural Library); Baidu Scholar; Cabell’s Directory; CABI (over 50 subsections); Celdes; Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) - CAplus; Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) - SciFinder; CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure); CNPIEC; EBSCO (relevant databases); EBSCO Discovery Service; Elsevier - BIOBASE/CABS (Current Awareness in Biological Sciences); Elsevier - Fluidex; Elsevier - Geobase; Elsevier - Reaxys; Elsevier - SCOPUS; Gale/Cengage; Genamics JournalSeek; Google Scholar; J-Gate; JournalTOCs; KESLI-NDSL (Korean National Discovery for Science Leaders); Naviga (Softweco); NISC SA: Fish and Fisheries Worldwide; NISC SA: Water Resources Worldwide; Primo Central (ExLibris); ProQuest (relevant -
Empowering Knowledge™
Elsevier at a Glance Empowering Knowledge™ Empowering Knowledge™ Technological advancement and the data revolution have pushed the boundaries of science and medicine. Discoveries unimaginable a generation ago are uncovered every day. At Elsevier, we recognize the potential for scientists and clinicians to find new answers, reshape human knowledge and tackle the most urgent global crises. We want to make analysis easier for everyone working in science and medicine, enabling them to manage their work more efficiently and spend more time making breakthroughs. That’s why Elsevier is evolving. Growing from our roots in publishing, we’re creating analytical solutions to serve the needs of science and health. 3 Opportunities Abound Elsevier employs over 1,000 technologists. We work with cutting-edge technologies to 81% create analytics solutions that help advance science, technology and healthcare. of our revenue comes from digital products. 530+ m 475 m 4 TB standardized assessment items scientific facts extracted from data of about 9,000 institutions administered by HESI to students in ScienceDirect in over 180 countries, turned into North America in the past 12 years. using machine reading. 171 trillion metrics per week using big data analytics since 1996. 4 Craig C. Mello medicine, 2006 Françoise Barré-Sinoussi medicine, 2008 Sir Martin J. Evans medicine, 2007 Masatoshi Koshiba physics, 2002 Finn E. Kydland economics, 2004 Leonid Hurwicz economics, 2007 Since the year 2000, more than 99% of the Nobel laureates in science and economics have published in Elsevier journals. Trusted Information Every tool we develop is built on trusted At Elsevier, we have partnered with the information – because from the library to the lab, scholarly community for 140 years to curate and verify knowledge. -
CITIES the International Journal of Urban Policy and Planning
CITIES The International Journal of Urban Policy and Planning AUTHOR INFORMATION PACK TABLE OF CONTENTS XXX . • Description p.1 • Audience p.1 • Impact Factor p.2 • Abstracting and Indexing p.2 • Editorial Board p.2 • Guide for Authors p.4 ISSN: 0264-2751 DESCRIPTION . Supporting the Forests, Land and Housing Division of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE): http://www.unece.org/info/ece-homepage.html Cities publishes articles on many aspects of urban planning and policy. It distinguishes itself by providing an international and interdisciplinary platform for the exchange of ideas and information among urban planners, policy makers and analysts, and urbanists from all disciplines. The primary aims of the journal are to analyze and assess past and present urban development and management as a reflection of effective, ineffective and non-existent planning policies; and the promotion of the implementation of appropriate urban policies in both the developed and the developing world. Topics covered include: urban adaptation to climate change; gentrification and housing; homelessness and welfare services; urban management; public-private sector cooperation; development and planning problems; urban regeneration; neighborhood conservation and urban design; immigration and international labor migration; urban politics; urban theory; urban governance; smart cities and regions; infrastructure; livability and quality of life; greening; and the complexities of creating sustainable cities. Every year, we also publish a handful of Viewpoints. These are articles that are shorter in nature, summative in their literature review, and offer a particular argument that could potentially generate debates among scholars and practitioners. Each volume also features one or more City Profiles. -
Reaxys® Fact Sheet
R&D SOLUTIONS Reaxys® Fact Sheet The shortest path to chemistry data and literature Designed to support the full range of chemistry research, including pharmaceutical development, environmental health & safety work and material science, Reaxys puts every scientist, from beginner to expert, on the shortest path to answers. Chemistry queries are launched from the highly intuitive search interface to quickly retrieve relevant literature, patent information, valid compound properties and experimental procedures. Finding answers has never been easier. Introduction Reaxys provides rapid and easy access to experimental facts to empower chemistry research, chemical discovery and scientific education. Finding relevant literature, retrieving precise compound properties and reaction data, and incorporating that information into research workflows has never been easier. Reaxys improves R&D productivity by putting scientists on the shortest path to relevant chemistry answers. Question Answered with • Does this compound exist? • The latest chemistry literature and patents • What do we know about it? • Excerpted data on properties, reactions & more • How can I obtain it? • Interactive synthesis plans & sourcing info • Is it involved in novel research? • Patent data from every relevant patent office • Who else is working on it? • Direct links to Scopus for detailed information >119M >46M >500M organic, inorganic chemical reactions published and organometallic experimental facts compounds >16,000 >240 6 chemistry-related years of chemistry indexing sources for a periodicals knowledge cross-disciplinary view of chemistry FEATURES Find chemistry where it is used: in engineering, geology, medicine and more To ensure that Reaxys fully facilitates discoverability in the far-reaching and complex discipline of chemistry, two indexing processes occur alongside each other. -
Annual Reports and Financial Statements 2014 Statements Financial and Reports Annual
Annual Reports and Financial Statements 2014 Annual Reports and Financial Statements www.relxgroup.com 2014 21654 Reed AR 2014 Cover Outer and Inner.indd 1-3 05/03/2015 18:52 RELX Group is a world-leading provider of information solutions for professional customers Credits across industries. Designed and produced by We help scientists make new discoveries, lawyers mslgroup.com Board photography by win cases, doctors save lives, and executives forge Douglas Fry, Piranha Photography Printed by commercial relationships with their clients. We help Pureprint Group, ISO14001, FSC® certified and CarbonNeutral® The 2014 Annual Reports and Financial Statements is printed insurance groups offer customers lower prices using paper containing a minimum of 75% recycled content, of which 100% is de-inked post-consumer waste. All of the pulp by assessing risk better, and save taxpayers and is bleached using an elemental chlorine free process (ECF). Printed in the UK by Pureprint using their environmental printing technology; vegetable inks were used throughout. Pureprint is a consumers money by enabling governments and CarbonNeutral® company. Both manufacturing mill and printer are ISO14001 registered and are Forest Stewardship Council® financial groups to detect fraud. (FSC) chain-of-custody certified. RELX Group is owned by two parent companies: Reed Elsevier PLC is the London Stock Exchange listed vehicle for holding shares in RELX Group. Shareholders in Reed Elsevier PLC own a 52.9% economic interest in the Group. Reed Elsevier NV is the Amsterdam Stock Exchange listed vehicle for holding shares in RELX Group. External shareholders in Reed Elsevier NV own a 47.1% economic interest in the Group. -
Fact Sheet: Reaxys Medicinal Chemistry Empowering Hit Identification and Lead Optimization for Success in Early Drug Discovery
Reaxys® DRUG DISCOVERY & DEVELOPMENT Fact Sheet: Reaxys Medicinal Chemistry Empowering hit identification and lead optimization for success in early drug discovery Essential data for lead identification and optimization Reaxys Medicinal Chemistry empowers early discovery in drug development with normalized substance–target affinity data and comprehensive pharmacokinetic, efficacy, toxicity, safety and metabolic profiles. It is designed to enable beginners and experts to create equally powerful searches, revealing the potential activity of a substance as part of a range of in silico modeling workflows. Introduction Reaxys Medicinal Chemistry empowers hit identification and lead optimization with normalized substance–target affinity data and comprehensive pharmacokinetic, efficacy, toxicity, safety and metabolic profiles. It combines the world’s largest and best-organized substance bioactivity data with tools for hitset assessment and the possibilities to export data to existing computational environments, facilitating harmonized Reaxys analysis of in-house and external data. Reaxys Medicinal Chemistry helps to answer critical research questions: Medicinal • What are all the substances that interact with my target? • What types of interaction occur between my substance and my target? Chemistry • What interactions do other substances with similar structures have? Fact Sheet • What is the comparative affinity of different substances for my targets? • What phenotypic screening has been done on similar substances? • Which of my drug candidates -
Fact Sheet for Reaxys
Fact Sheet THE SHORTEST PATH TO CHEMISTRY DATA AND LITERATURE Designed to support the full range of chemistry research, including pharmaceutical development, environmental health & safety work and material science, Reaxys puts every scientist, from beginner to expert, on the shortest path to answers. Chemistry queries are launched from the highly intuitive search interface to quickly retrieve relevant literature, patent information, valid compound properties and experimental procedures. Finding answers has never been easier. Introduction Reaxys provides rapid and easy access to experimental facts to empower chemistry research, chemical discovery and scientific education. Finding relevant literature, retrieving precise compound properties and reaction data, and incorporating that information into research workflows has never been easier. REAXYS IMPROVES R&D PRODUCTIVITY BY PUTTING SCIENTISTS ON THE SHORTEST PATH TO RELEVANT ANSWERS. Fact Sheet QUESTION ANSWERED WITH • Does this compound exist? • The latest chemistry literature and patents • What do we know about it? • Excerpted data on properties, reactions & more • How can I obtain it? • Excerpted synthesis plans & purchase information • Is it involved in novel research? • Patent data from every relevant patent office • Who else is working on it? • Direct links to Scopus for detailed information >105 MILLION >42 MILLION >500 MILLION organic, inorganic chemical reactions published experimental and organometallic facts compounds >16,000 >240 6 chemistry-related years of chemistry indexing sources for a periodicals knowledge cross-disciplinary view of chemistry FEATURES SMART INDEXING FOR MAXIMUM DISCOVERABILITY To ensure that Reaxys fully facilitates discoverability in the far-reaching and complex discipline of chemistry, two indexing processes occur alongside each other. The core chemistry journals, textbook chapters and patents undergo deep manual indexing and exceprtion of compound properties, reactions and synthesis procedures. -
Piotr Golkiewicz Life Sciences Solutions Consultant Central-Eastern Europe
PIOTR GOLKIEWICZ LIFE SCIENCES SOLUTIONS CONSULTANT CENTRAL-EASTERN EUROPE 1 WHAT’S IN A TYPICAL CHEMISTRY DOCUMENT (PUBLICATION OR PATENT)? Scientific topic, author Chemical reactions Can be searched in full Cannot be searched by text, but difficult to find text terms in full text the right search term Can be searched in full text, but you don’t want to read the whole paper in you are interested only by this section! Experimental procedures Cannot be searched by Cannot be searched by Cannot be searched by text terms in full text text terms in full text text terms in full text Substances and their Chemical structure Chemical spectra physicochemical properties 2 REAXYS DESIGN Chemistry as the organizing principle With experimental data from journal REAXYS IS BUILT articles and patents Physical Data Physical Data Spectra Spectra Bioactivity Data Bioactivity Data Natural Product Natural Product Reaxys CHEMISTRY AS THE ORGANIZING PRINCIPLE Physicochemical Chemical Structures Reaxys excerpts all relevant data Properties even from footnotes and text Chemical Syntheses Pharmacology STRUCTURED TO HELP YOU SEARCH OTHER DATABASES REAXYS CATALOGUED AND TAXONMISED BY CHEMISTS FOR CHEMISTS ESSENTIAL TITLES BIBLIOGRAPHIC APPROACH ACROSS TIME/LITERATURE UNFOCUSED RESULTS USE-CASE DRIVEN FURTHER SEARCH NEEDED RELEVANT ANSWERS 50,000,000 RESULTS RETURNED 6 REAXYS INCLUDES Patent Content: English language only patents from the major chemistry patent LiteratureCoverage Content: from 1771 16,000 - present periodicals classes of the US, European, and World Patent Offices REAXYS INCLUDES Over 500 million facts Over 400+ searchable data fields HIGH QUALITY experimental results KEYWORDS A single bibliographic record in Reaxys contains index keywords from: Authors, Compendex, Embase, Geobase, Medline and Reaxys. -
Piotr Golkiewicz Life Sciences Solutions Consultant Central-Eastern Europe
PIOTR GOLKIEWICZ LIFE SCIENCES SOLUTIONS CONSULTANT CENTRAL-EASTERN EUROPE 1 SERVING THE LIFE SCIENCES SPACE ADDRESSING KEY CHALLENGES ACROSS THE R&D VALUE CHAIN Characterize Characterize & discover Translate preclinical Monitor drug adverse targets & analyze molecules data in humans events & disease pathways Identify & confirm lead (Translational) real-world evidence compounds data in literature Drug Candidate Preclinical Data Selection Go-No Go Decision Validation Managing risk Discovery Pre-clinical Clinical Post-launch Broader full-text indexing Text Mining & Data Integration Integrate the world of biomedical content of data & solutions Search full-text, peer- Largest database for access reviewed journal articles to abstract & citation data 2 WHAT’S IN A TYPICAL CHEMISTRY DOCUMENT (PUBLICATION OR PATENT)? Scientific topic, author Chemical reactions Can be searched in full Cannot be searched by text, but difficult to find text terms in full text the right search term Can be searched in full text, but you don’t want to read the whole paper in you are interested only by this section! Experimental procedures Cannot be searched by Cannot be searched by Cannot be searched by text terms in full text text terms in full text text terms in full text Substances and their Chemical structure Chemical spectra physicochemical properties 3 REAXYS DESIGN Chemistry as the organizing principle With experimental data from journal REAXYS IS BUILT articles and patents Physical Data Physical Data Spectra Spectra Bioactivity Data Bioactivity Data Natural -
Quick Start to REAXYS
Quick Start Guide 1. Search SUBSTANCES REACTIONS FEATURE COMMENT FEATURE COMMENT Quick search as text Enter a substance name, molecular formula or CAS number Quick search as text Enter a term(s) in the Search Reaxys field and click Search. (See page 3) in the Search Reaxys field and click Search. (See page 3) Examples: Examples: preparation of porphyrine Atenolol phosphorylation Pt(PPh3)3 Suzuki coupling 102625‐70‐7 Adler phenol oxidation Quick search with 1. Click the Create Structure or Reaction Drawing box. Quick search with 1. Click the Create Structure or Reaction Drawing box. Structure or Reaction 2. Create the substance structure drawing. Structure or Reaction 2. Create the reaction structure drawing. Drawing For more information on using the Marvin JS structure Drawing For more information on using the Marvin JS structure (See page 4) editor see: (See page 4) editor see: a. The Structure drawing workflow. a. The Structure drawing workflow. b. View our Tips for using ChemAxon Marvin JS. b. Create a Reaction Query in the Search for c. Visit the ChemAxon Marvin JS website which Reactions Workflow. includes a MarvinJS User’s Guide. c. View our Tips for using ChemAxon Marvin JS 3. Click Transfer to query, click Search. d. Visit the ChemAxon Marvin JS website which Query builder 1. Click Query builder (See page 6). includes a MarvinJS User’s Guide (See page 5 & 6) 2. Select one of the Quick Querylets (Structure, Molecular 3. Click Transfer to query, click Search. Formula, CAS RN or Doc Index) under the search button. Query builder 1. -
Scholarly Communication and the Dilemma of Collective Action: Why Academic Journals Cost Too Much
Scholarly Communication and the Dilemma of Collective Action: Why Academic Journals Cost Too Much John Wenzler Why has the rise of the Internet—which drastically reduces the cost of distributing information—coincided with drastic increases in the prices that academic libraries pay for access to scholarly journals? This study argues that libraries are trapped in a collective action dilemma as defined by economist Mancur Olson in The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. To truly reduce their costs, librarians would have to build a shared online collection of scholarly resources jointly managed by the academic community as a whole, but individual academic institutions lack the private incentives necessary to invest in a shared collection. Thus, the management of online scholarly journals has been largely outsourced to publishers who have developed monopoly powers that allow them to increase subscription prices faster than the rate of inflation. Many librarians consider the open access movement the best response to increased subscription costs, but the current strategies employed to achieve open access also are undermined by collective ac- tion dilemmas. In conclusion, some alternative strategies are proposed. Electronic Resources and Collective Action During the 20th century, the network of college and university libraries in the United States provided the most efficient means of sharing the results of scholarly activity published in academic journals. Some 1,000 to 2,000 copies of a printed journal article housed on library shelves scattered around the country offered relatively convenient access to most interested readers, and long-term preservation was ensured by having so many copies stored in institutional environments managed by professionals.