A Detailed District Survey Report of Amravati

Home , Achalpur, Amravati, Amravati district, Badnera, Betul district, Chikhaldara

DSR- AMRAVATI A Detailed District Survey Report of Amravati

Collector office; Amravati.

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Index Preface

1. Introduction 2. Overview of mining activity in the district 3. List of the Mining Leases in the district 4. Details of Royalty or Revenue received in last three years 5. Details of Production of sand or minor mineral in last three years 6. Deposition of sediments in the rivers of the district 7. General profile of the district 8. Land utilization pattern in the district 9. Physiography of the district 10. Rainfall 11. Geology and Mineral wealth 12. Major and Minor Rivers of the District 13. General recommendation

DSR- AMRAVATI Preface

In Compliance to the Notification Issued by the Ministry Of

Environment, Forest and Climate change Dated 15.01.2016, the preparation of District survey report of River bed mining and other minor minerals is in accordance appendix 10 of the notification. It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of District Survey Report is as per notification guidelines. Every efforts have been made to cover sand mining locations, area & overview of mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenish able and non- replenish able areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. This report will be a model and guiding document which is a compendium of available mineral resources, geographical set up, environmental and ecological set up of the district and is based on data of various departments, published reports, and websites. The data may vary due to floods, heavy rains and other natural calamities. Therefore, it is recommended that Sub divisional Level

Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects/data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned authority.

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SURVEY REPORT OF DISTRICT AMRAVATI As per Gazette notification of 15th January 2016 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change a Survey shall be carried out by the District Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) with assistance of irrigation department, Drainage department, Forest department, Mining department and Revenue department in the district for preparation of District Survey Report as per the sustainable Sand mining guidelines to ensure identification of areas of aggradations or deposition where mining can be allowed; and identification of areas of erosion and proximity to infrastructural structures and installations where mining should be prohibited and calculation of annual rate of replenishment and allowing time for replenishment after mining in that area. Every efforts have been made to cover sand mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activity in the district with all its relevant features pertaining to geology & mineral wealth in replenish-able and non-replenish-able areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. The mineral potential is calculated based on field investigation & geology of the catchment area of the river or streams. Also as per the site conditions and locations, depth of minable mineral is defined. The area for removal of the mineral in a river or stream is decided depending on geomorphology & other factors, it can be 50% to 60% of the area of a particular river or stream. Other constituents like clay and silt are excluded as waste while calculating the mineral potential of particular river or stream. This District Survey Report shall form the basis for application for environment clearance, preparation of reports and appraisal of projects. The report shall be updated once every five years.

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1. Introduction Amravati District is one of the eleven districts of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State. It is situated in the northern part of the State abutting Madhya Pradesh State and lies between north latitudes 20°32’ and 21°46’ and east longitudes 76°37’ and 78°27’. The total area of the district is 12210 sq. km. and falls in Survey of India degree sheets 55 G, 55 H, 55 K and 55 L. The district is bounded on the north by Madhya Pradesh, on the east by Nagpur and Wardha districts, and on the south and south west by Yavatmal, Akola and Buldhana districts. Wardha River forms the eastern boundary of the district. The district headquarters is located at Amravati Town. For administrative convenience, the district is divided in 14 talukas viz., Amravati, Morshi, Warud, Tiwsa, Chandur Railway, Nandgaon, Bhatkuli, Daryapur, Anjangaon, Dharni, Chikaldhara, Achalpur and Chandur Bazar. It has a total population of 28,87,826 of which male and female are 14,82,845 and 14,04,981 respectively as per 2011 census. The district has 13 towns and 1698 villages. Major part of the district comes under Purna-Tapi and Wardha River basins. The important rivers flowing through the district are Tapi, Purna, Wardha, Pedhi and Chandrabhaga.

1.1 Brief details of Amravati District

1.1.1 General Information Geographical Area 12210 sq.km Administrative Divisions Taluka-14; Amravati, Morshi, Warud, Bhatkuli, Tiwsa, Chandur Railway, Nandgaon(Kh), Daryapur, Anjangaon, Dharni, Chikhaldhara, Achalpur, Chandur Bazar Villages 1698 Population 26,06,063 Average Annual Rainfall 700 1400 mm

1.1.2 Geomorphology Major Physiographic unit Two; Melghat Hill range area and plain area of the Paynghat Major Drainage Two; Purna and Wardha

a. Land Use (2007-12) Forest Area 3171 sq. km Net Area Sown 7107 sq. km Cultivable Area 7476 sq. km

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b. Soil Type Medium to deep black soil and deep brown to red soil (Regular).

c. Principal Crops (2007-12) Cotton 3279.01 sq.km Jowar 1181.00 sq.km Oil seeds 1872.97 sq.km Pulses 2188.00 sq.km d. Irrigation by different sources (2007-12) Nos/Potential Created (ha) Dugwells 63791/147528 Tubewells/Borewells 691/1771 Tanks/Ponds 313/4603 Other Surface Sources 476/1465 Net Irrigated Area 65892 ha

e. Ground Water Monitoring Wells (As on 31/05/2016) source-GSDA Dugwells 170 Piezometers 6

f. Geology Recent Alluvium Upper Cretaceous -Lower Ecocene Basalt (Deccan Traps) Turonian Lameta Beds Upper Carboniferous-Permian Gondwana Archean Metamorphics (Gneisses/Granites)

g. Hydrogeology Water Bearing Formation Basalt-weathered/fractured/jointed Vesicular/massive, under phreatic and semi-confined to confined conditions. Alluvium-Sand and Gravel, under semi- confined to confined conditions. Premonsoon Depth to Water Level 8.5 to 26.90 m bgl Postmonsoon Depth to Water Level 7.5 to 18.40 m bgl

h. Nature of Aquifers in Amravati District as per CGWB with potential yield

S.No Taluka Main Aquifer Yield Potential Type of wells Remarks Suiitable 1 Amravati Basalt Medium to Dugwells High Borewells 2 Dharni Basalt Poor Dugwells Hilly Areas 3 Morshi Basalt Low to Dugwells Medium Borewells

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1.2 Location & Geographical Area:

The total geographical area of Amravati District is 12212 sq. km. and its only 3.97 % of Maharashtra. 75% of Amravati district covered by Deccan Trap while 25% area covered by Purna alluvium. The global location of the district extends between 21.30' to 21.50' north latitude and 76.35' to 78.27' east longitude. Amravati district is located in the Vidharbha region on the north eastern side of the State of Maharashtra. It is bounded by the Khandwa and Betul districts of Madhya Pradesh State on the north and by the Maharashtra districts of Nagpur on the northeast, Wardha on the east, Yavatmal on the south, Washim on the southwest and Akola and Buldhana districts on the west. Connectivity: Railway The Mumbai-Bhusaval-Nagpur-Kolkata broad gauge rail line, Murtijapur- Achalpur, Khandwa-Akola-Purna and Badnera-Amravati meter gauge rail line run through the district. These connect Amravati to the bigger cities of Mumbai, Jalgaon, Nagpur, Delhi and Chennai. Roadways The National Highway 6 that runs between Hazira-Dhule-Kolkata passes through the district, thus making markets accessible and helping trade and business in the district.

2 Overview of mining activity in the district 2.1 Mineral in Maharashtra Maharashtra is the second largest producer of kyanite and the second largest producer of manganese ore. The principal mineral-bearing belts in Maharashtra are Vidarbha area in the east and konkan area in the west. Important mineral occurrences are: bauxite in Kolhapur, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Satara, Sindhudurg & Thane districts; Chromite in Bhandara, Chandrapur, Nagpur &Sindhudurg districts; coal in Nagpur, Chandrapur & Yavatmal districts; fireclay in Amravati, Chandrapur, Nagpur & Ratnagiri districts; fluorite & Shale in Chandrapur district; iron ore (haemtite) in Chandrapur, Ghadchiroli and Sindhudurg districts; iron ore (magnetite) in Gondia district; kynaite in Bhandara& Nagpur districts; laterite in Kolhapur district; limestone in Ahmednagar, Chandrapur, Dhule, Gadchiroli, Nagpur, Nanded, Pune, Sangli & Yavatmal districts; manganese ore in Bhandara, Nagpur & Ratnagiri districts; corundum & pyrophyllite in Bhandara district;

DSR- AMRAVATI quartz & silica sand in Bhandara, Chandrapur, Gadchiroli, Gondia, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Ratnagiri & Sindhudurg districts; and sillimanite in Bhandara and Chandrapur district. Other minerals that occur in the state are: barytes in Chandrapur & Gadchiroli districts; copper in Bhandara, Chandrapur, Gadchiroli& Nagpur districts; feldspar in Sindhudurg district; gold in Bhandara, Chandrapur, Dhule, Gadchiroli, Nagpur, Nanded, Nashik, Sindhudurg & Thane districts; graphite & mica in Sindhudurg district; lead-zinc & tungsten in Nagpur district; marble in Bhandara& Nagpur districts; ochre in chandrapur& Nagpur districts; silver & vanadium in Bhandara district; stealite in Bhandara, Ratnagiri & Sindhudurg districts; and titanium minerals in Gondia & Ratnagiri districts. 2.2 Availability of Mineral in Amravati Amravati district is one of the few locations in the state having sandstone. The only major mineral found in district is fireclay. It is found in Achalpur Tahasil in the village of Belkheda and Pandhari.

Sr.No. Mineral Name of District in which mineral occurs Total Reserves (Million Tonnes) 9 Clay Amravati 1.500 Total 7.569

Any construction material is categorized into minor mineral eg. Murum, Stone, Sand, clay. There are mostly availability of the contruction stone in the taluka Amravati the biggest cluster in the district situated at Masod and Parsoda.at Achalpur Tahsil in the part of Pandhari village , in the Morshi tahsil there ar two clusters located in the village Pimpalkhuta and Nabipur, in the Warud Tahasil the one cluster located at Pimpalkhuta. In the dharni at village Diya is the only cluster of stone mining. In the Dhamangaon Railway village Ramgao, in the Chandur Railway in the village Palskhed, in the Nandgaon Tahsil in the village Jalu the minor mineral stone found in small clusters. The river sand found in the entire district. The main source of the river sand is from Wardha river , Tapi river and Purna river and its tributaries.

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3 List of the Mining leases in the district sr. Name of Survey Area in Tahsil Village Period Period no Lessee & No. Acare/ From From . Address Hec. To To 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 M/S G.No. 5 4.90 Achalpur Kalvit 4.11.2009 3.11.2024 Maharashtra g class Hect. Trading Comp., Partner N.R.Khude R/o.Chandurbaz ar, Amt. 2 Satish R. G.No. 2.00 Achalpur Pandhari 22.11.2019 Jaiswal R/o. 49 g Hect. 23.11.2014 Paratwada Dist. class Amt. 3 Vinayak Stones Gut No. 2.00 Achalpur Pandhari 15.4.2015 14.4.2019 Pro.Sau Indira 51 Hect. Shivlala Dhurve R/o Paratwada, Tq. Achalpur Dist. Amravati 4 Nikhil G.No. 2.00 Achalpur Pandhari 7.04.2017 14.12.2021 Vijaykumar 49 Hect. Jaiswal S.NO.4 G Class 5 Harshad G.No. 2.00 Achalpur Pandhari 7.04.2017 29.11.2021 Virendrakumar 49 G Hect. Chavhan class 6 Abhijit Gajanan G.No 49 2.00 Achalpur Pandhari 7.04.2017 14.12.2021 Shelke S.No 4 Hect. G Class 7 Ramkrishana G.No.34 1.76 Achalpur Gondvihir 29.8.2017 28.8.2022 Pandurangji Hect. katre 8 Sau Vandana G.NO. 4.09 Amravati Jalaka 29.10.2016 28.10.2021 Prabhakar 167, het /Prabhakar G. 168 satote 9 M/S G.No. 4.28 Amravati Jalka 22.05.2014 21.05.2019 S.L.K.Infrastruct 93 Hect. ure Partner Deepak Shamlal Khatri, Chatri Talao, Amravati. 10 M/s. S.L.Khatri 90 2.79 Amravati Jalka 12.11.2013 11.11.2018 & Comp. Hect Shyamlal Lahorimal Khatri R/o Amravati 11 Shantanu M. Gut 1.62 Amravati Kapustalni 06.12.2013 05.12.2018 Wankhede, Amt. No.46 Hect. 12 Shinde S/No. 4.40 Amravati Kekatpur 03.01.2014 02.01.2019 Developers Pvt. 567, Hect. Ltd. Pune, 568 H.Mukkam Amt.. G.No.99 /1,2

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13 B. L. Khatri S.No.11 1.60 Amravati Masod 28.08.2013 27.08.2018 Chatri Talao 7/3 Gut Hect Road, Amravati 44 14 Ambadas S.No.10 1.64 Amravati Masod 26.02.2014 25.02.2019 Venkatrao /2-A Gut Hect Shelke R/o 55 Amravati 15 Shri Govind S.No. 1.62 Amravati Masod 15.04.2015 14.05.2020 Santumal Khatri 117/1 Hect Govindnagar, Gut No. Amravati 43/1 16 Shrimati Savitri Gut No. 1.42 Amravati Masod 20.05.2014 19.05.2019 Bai Goenka R/O 72,82,8 Hect. Shubh Niketan 4 Colony, Amravati 17 Shri Vijaykumar 118/5 1.42 Amravati Masod 20.05.2014 19.05.2019 Harichand Hect. Khandelwal R/o. Congressnagr, Amravati 18 Sau Durga S.No.11 1.46 Amravati Masod 20.05.2014 19.05.2019 Mohan Satote /1 A Gut Hect. Wadgaon, No. 60 Amravati 19 Shri Deorao S.No. 2.63 Amravati Masod 15.02.2016 14.02.2021 Gopalrao Dolare 6/4,11/3 Hect R/o Wadali,, G.No. Amravati 73,83 20 Govind Krupa 59/1,1-b 2.57 Amravati Masod 28.11.2013 27.11.2018 Stone Crusher Hect. Thr. Rajesh Kasat, Amravati. 21 Balaji Stone G. No. 2.23 Amravati Masod 22.02.2016 21.02.2021 Crusher Sau 276 & Hect S.S.Bhamkar 277 Shr S. D. Bhamkar, R/o.Amravati. 22 Ashok G. S.No. 3.27 Amravati Masod 06.04.2017 05.04.2022 Baseriya R/o. 116 Gut Hect. Morbag , No.39 Amravati. 23 Balkrushna R. S.No. 2.00 Amravati Masod 06.04.2017 05.04.2022 Mudholkar. R/o. 116 Gut Hect. Wadarpura No.39 Wadali ,Amt.

24 M/S Gut No. 4.91 Amravati Masod 8.11.2010 7.11.2025 Maharashtra 27 e Hect. Infra Structure class 3.00 R/o. Amt. Hect. 25 M. G. Baseriya S.No.63 2.07 Amravati Masod 24.04.2016 25.04.2021 Morbagh , /2 Hect. Amravati. Gut No. 280

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26 Vinod Kaluram S.No. 0.96 Amravati Masod 24.04.2016 Mudholkar. R/o. 10/2 Gut Hect. 25.04.2021 Wadarpura No.56 Wadali ,Amt.

27 Roshan Kishore 117/1 A 3.48 Amravati Masod 12.05.2021 Baseriya Gutno. Hect. . 13.05.216 Morbagh , 43/2 Amravati. 28 Sau. Sarala S.No. 0.81 Amravati Masod 31.3.2015 30.3.2019 Arun Padole R/o 11/1 Hect. Wadgaon Gut No. Mahore, Tq.Dist. 59 Amravati 29 Indrapal S.No. 3.21 Amravati Masod 31.3.2015 30.3.2019 Panditrao 61/5 Gut Hect. Chaudhary No. 272, 275 30 Bipin S.No 4.90 Amravati Masod 04.03.2016 03.03.2021 Ghanshayamda 256 Hect. sji Kasat 31 Rajesh S.No 3.10 Amravati Masod 04.03.2016 03.03.2021 Ghanshyamdas 66/3, hect Kasat 68/1 G/NO 264 32 Govind G.No 44 2.27 Amravati Masod 06.05.2016 05.05.2021 Santumal Khatri Sno. Hect 117/3 G.No 45 S.No 117/2 33 Sau Sarla Arun G No. 1.60 Amravati Masod 08.08.2016 07.08.2021 Padole 268 Hect S.No 129/3 34 Sau Sunita K. G.No. 2.59 Amravati Masod 12.7.2011 11.7.2016 Baseriya R/o. 282 & Hect. Morbag, 284 Amravati. 35 Chaurasia Stone S.No.49 4.77 Amravati Parsoda 13.06.2013 112.06.201 Industries Nilesh /2 Gat Hect. 8 D. Chaurasia No. 17 Chaprashipura, & 18 Amravati.

36 Sau Rima. J. 53 G.45 2.97 Amravati Parsoda 15.1.2014 14.1.2019 Malani Hect. Gatthani Compound, Amravati. 37 Sau Dipali Vilas G.No. 2.43 Amravati Parsoda 20.01.2015 19.01.2020 Pande 71, 74 Hect. Ambapeth, Amravati. 38 Sau. Archana P. Gut No. 1.87 Amravati Parsoda 12.7.2016 11.7.2021 Bhende. R/o. 44, 53 Hect. Amravati

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39 New Aarti Stone Gut No. 4.97 Amravati Parsoda 21.05.2019 Crusher Prop. 51 Hect 22.05.2014 Ashok Basheria, Amt. 40 M/S Chaurasya Gat 23 4.73 Amravati Parsoda 29.12.2015 28.12.2020 Stone Indust. Hect. Prop. Nilesh Chaurasiya, Amt 41 Abdul Rafiq sh G.No.17 3.00 Amravati Parsoda 21.09.2016 20.09.2021 ahamad, Jamil hect Clony ,Amravati 42 Sachin Rajurkar, Gat 52, 2.35 Amravati Parsoda 21.06.2012 20.06.2017 Amt. 53 Hect. 43 M/s. Chaursiya G.No. 2.05 Amravati Pimpal Vihir 08.07.2015 07.07.2020 Stone Indust ries 259 E- Hect. Prop.Shri.Nilesh class Devidayal Chaursiya R/o. Amravati 44 M/S Sai Stone G.No. 4.15 Amravati Pimpalvihir 22.05.2014 21.05.2019 Crusher Prop. 291,292 Hect. Suresh ,293 Lahorimal S.No. Khatri, Chatri 54 Talao, Amravati. 45 M/S Krishna Gat 3/, 2.94 Amravati Sultanpur 04.5.2014 04.05.2019 Stone Crusher 3/1-a Hect. Prop. Sunil V. Dahane Amt. 46 Shri Deepak S.No. 2.67 Amravati Sultanpur 30.08.2013 29.08.2018 Salikram Sahu 5/3, 5/4 hect. R/o Masanganj, Amt. 47 R.S.Varhekar S.No. 4.85 Amravati Sultanpur 06.06.2015 05.06.2020 R/O Amravati 5/2,5/2A Hect. ,5/2B 48 M. C. Kapoor 84/6 2.36 Amravati Udkhed 03.06.2015 Bapu Colony, Hect. 02.06.2020 Amravati. 49 M/S Ajay Stone S.No.9 4.40 Amravati Wadgaon - 04.09.2013 03.09.2018 Crusher Prop. G.No.88 Hect. mahure, Prabhakar G. ,90,94,9 Satote R/O 5 & 98 Wadgaonmahur e, 50 Renuka Stone S.No. 1.01 Chandur Baslapur 31.3.2015 30.3.2019 Crusher 26 Gut Hect. Rly Pro.Nitin J. No. 62/2 Rathi, R/o Chandur Rly. Tq. Chandur Rly Dist. Amravati 51 Mohsin Abdul G.No.38 2.70 Chandur Khambala 13.07.2016 12.07.2021 Gaffar Laddani , S.No Hect Rly 9/4 52 N. J. Khosla R/o Gut 263, 3.03 Chandur Palaskhed 17.05.2014 Akola Dist-Akola 274 Hect. Rly 16.05.2019 53 Shriram Stone G.No. 2.06 Dhamanga Gangajali 16.03.2017 15.03.2022 Crusher, Manoj 114 het. on Rly.

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shriramji vyas

54 Mahalaxmi G.No. 2.93 Dhamanga Ramgaon 07.03.2017 06.03.2022 stone crusher. 98/2, Hect on Rly. Satish 98/1 Kathalakar 55 Shri Ashok N. G.No. 2.03 Dhamanga Shahapur. 19.08.2013 18.08.2018 Mundhada R/o 140,141 Hect on Rly. Dhamangaon ,142 Rly, 56 Balaji Stone G.No. 3.00 Dhamanga Shahapur. 13.2.2012 12.2.2017 Crusher 35 Hect on Rly. Prop.Vikram Satish Budhlani R/o Dhamangaon Rly, 57 Shri Raju G.No. 1.55 Dhamanga Ramgaon 21.02.2016 20.02.2021 Krihnarao 87/4 Hect on Rly. Nistane R/o Shidori, Tq.Dhamangaon 58 Naresh D. S.No. 3.58 Dhamanga Ramgaon 31.3.2015 30.3.2019 Bhoyar R/O 85 Hect. on Rly. Rohana Tq. Arvi Dist. Wardha 59 Shri Pawan G.No. 1.61 Dhamanga Ramgaon 18.9.2012 17.09.2017 Mohanlal 86 Hect. on Rly. Bhutada R/o. Shrikrishnapeth, Amravati. 60 Rajesh M. Patel S/No. 4.90 Dharni Diya 11.09.2013 10.09.2028 R/o Kalamkhar, 126-A Hect. Dharni 61 Yashraj Mining S/No. 4.90 Dharni Diya 20.5.2015 19.5.2020 Enterprises, 126-A Hect. Rajendra Malviya & 1 Tq.Dharni 62 Raman Langote S.No.19 2.00 Morshi Bodna 7.04.2017 6.04.2022 R/o. Morshi Dist. /1 Hect. Amravati. 63 Vinod Harikisan G.No 3.65 Morshi Bramhanwa 28.10.2016 27.10.2021 Jaiswal, 83, 82 hect da riddhapur, ta, morshi dist amt 64 Khavle Stone S. 1.55 Morshi Chikhalsawa 22.06.2015 21.06.2020 Craching No.107// Hect. ngi Industry R/o 1,112/5, Chikhalsawangi, 112/4 Tq. Morshi Dist. Amravati 65 Shri Pravin Gut No. 4.18 Morshi Nabipur 14.5.2014 13.5.2019 Nathlal Thakkar 10,12,1 Hect. Ghatkopar, 3 Mumbai. (Amravati)

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66 Shri Jitendra 127/1 1.12 Morshi Talni Marotirao Hect. 17.02.2015 16.02.2020 Bhawte R/o. Morshi, Dist- Amravati. 67 Shri. Virendra S. No. 1.01 Morshi Talni 08.12.2014 07.12.2019 Uttam Bhatkule 127/1-B Hect. R/o. Morshi Ta. Morshi 68 Shri. Umesh R. S. No. 4.00 Morshi Talni 24.5.2012 23.5.2017 Mantri R/o. 126/1,2, Hect. Morshi Ta. 3 Morshi 69 Aditi Stone G.No. 1.62 Nand. kh Dahiagaon 6.04.2017 05.4.2022 Crusher, 55/1 Hect. Prakash Harikisan Rathi 70 Shri N V. Patel 43/3 2.50 Nand. kh Jalu 22.04.2016 21.04.2021 R/o Badnera Hect. Dist. Amravati. 71 Smt.Jayaben S.No. 2.38 Nand. kh Jalu 31.10.2014 30.10.2019 Ratilal Patel R/o 44/2 Hect Badnera, Amravati 72 Chirag Stone S.No 77 3.00 Tiosa Vishnora 21.01.2015 20.01.2020 Crusher.. pp Hect Raju Wanlhade At Amla ta Chandur Rly 73 Shri. Abdul S. No. 1.80 Tiwsa Kurha 7.09.2013 06.09.2018 rafique Shaikh 13/4 Hect. Ahmed R/o. Kurha Ta. Tiwsai 74 Shri Girish R. G.No. 1.42 Warud Ganeshpur 7.08.2011 6.08.2016 Karale R/o. 244 & Hect. Warud Dist. 245 Amravati. 75 Laxman S. G.No. 1.00 Warud Pimpalkhuta 07.04.2017 Belsare. R/o. 97 Hect. 06.04.2022 Warud Dist. Amravati. 76 Shri Ajay N. G.No. 1.00 Warud Pimpalkhuta 04.12.2016 03.12.2021 Watke R/o. 97 f Hect. Warud Dist. class Amravati.

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4 Details of Revenue received in last three years

Sr.No District Year Total Revenue received (Rs. In Lakh) 1 Amravati 2015-16 8029.32 2 2016-17 7692.00 3 2017 -18 7190.13

5 Details of Production of minor mineral in last three years

Sr.No District Year Production of Minor Mineral (in Brass) 1 Amravati 2015-16 2007330 2 2016-17 1923000 3 2017-18 1797500

6 Deposition of sediments in the rivers of the district The deposition in a river bed is more pronounced during rainy season although the quantum of deposition varies from stream to stream depending upon numbers of factors such as catchment, lithology, discharge, river profile and geomorphology of the river course. where annual deposition is much more even two to three meters, but it is noticed that during flood season whole of the pit so excavated is completely filled up and as such the excavated area is replenished with new harvest of minerals. In order to calculate the mineral deposits in the stream beds, the mineral constituents have been categorized as clay, silt, sand, bajri and boulder. However during present calculation, the waste material i,e silt which vary from 10 to 20% in different streams has also been included in the total production. Further the Survey of India Topo- Sheets are used as base map to know the extent of river course. The mineral reserves have been calculated only upto 2.50 meter depth although there are some portions in the river beds such as channel bars, point bars and central islands where the annual deposition is raising the level of river bed thus causing shifting of the rivers towards banks resulting in to cutting of banks and at such locations, removal of this material upto the bed level is

DSR- AMRAVATI essential to control the river flow in its central part to check the bank cutting. While calculating the mineral potentials, the mineral deposits lying in the sub-tributaries of that particular stream/river has not been taken into consideration. Since these mineral deposits are adding annually to the main river, the mineral deposits will be much more.

7 General profile of the district 7.2 Flaura and Fauna 7.1.1 Forest The district exhibits two distinct geographical regions, viz., the plain regions in the east and south-east and the hilly regions of the Satpuda ranges in north and northwest. The plain region is extensively cultivated and forests appear only in dotted, scattered patches. The hilly region is an extensive block of compact forests called Melghat and contains an abundance of rich teak trees. The percentage of the forest area to total area in the district is 30.43, and is unevenly distributed. Tree Forests. These include the forests of Melghat capable of producing big-size teak and timber of other type. Minor Forests. These include the forests in the outskirts of Melghat and those in the plain regions, which are capable of producing small-size timber poles of teak, etc. These forests also supply fire-wood, thorns and grass and serve as good pastures for grazing the cattle. 7.1.2 Wild Animals

The physical features of the district arc distinguished into two marked tracts. In the east and south are the intensively cultivated plain tracts, with scattered blocks of forests. The portion in the north and north-west, called Melghat, comprises the hilly terrain of the Gawilgad ranges of the Satpudas. The plain tracts contain open type of forest, as a result of the biotic influences. The hilly region is a well-preserved compact block of forest. The existence of the fauna has a direct relation with the condition of the vegetation and the biotic influences. The plain tract is thus poor in fauna, while the well-preserved forest of the hilly region is richly stocked with different kinds of wild animals.

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7.1.3 BIRDS The birds of the district include most of the gaily plumaged varieties common elsewhere, such as the golden orioles, the blue roller, the king-fisher and the little green fly-catchers. They also include the painted and rock sand grouses, the peacock, the jungle quail, the grey partridge, jungle fowl, green pigeon, crow, the large grey and rain quail and the button quail. Pea fowls and jungle fowls are particularly abundant in the Melghat forests in the valley of the Sipna river. Of the water birds the ordinary varieties of duck and teal, as well as the varied assortment of cranes and other shore birds are found. In Melghat many rare birds like the black and orange fly catcher (Ochromela nigrorufa ),otherwise found in the Nilgiris and in Ceylon, are seen. Cyornis Tickellia, Tickell's blue redbreast common in Central India are also found here. Myio-phonus Horsfieldii - the Malbar whistling thrush is found near Chikhaldara. 7.2 Agriculture Agriculture is a key sector in the Amravati taluka. There are three harvesting seasons for crop farming, namely kharif, rabi and summer. Kharif is the main seasonal crop in the taluka. The kharif season commences from mid Juneupto the end of November. The major kharif crops are cereals likejowar, bajari (millet), maka (maize), pulses like tur, mug, udid, oilseeds like soybeans, bhuimug, til, suryaful (sunflower) and cash crops like cotton. The average of cereal, pulses, oilseeds and cotton is 7587, 12688 , 18122 and 18778 hectares respectively. The average kharip crops cuttivation in Amravati taluka is 57175 hectares. Rabi season commences from October and its major crops are wheat, harbhara (gram) and kardai (saf-flower). The average rabi crops farming is 6853 hectares. Besides this orange orchards are predominantly grown in the taluka. The average orange orchard farming are 2400 hectares. 7.3 Industry

In Amravati taluka there are three industrial areas, namely Satuma, new MIDC at Gopal Nagar and adjacent areas and third ongoing Special Economic Zone (SEZ) at Nandgaon peth. MIDC has developed large, medium and small-scale industries viz. ginning and pressing, weaving and spinning, edible oils, chemicals, fertilizers, pulse mills, pharmaceuticals, clay ware, woodcutting, paper, cement, silver jewellery, pans,

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cement pipes, medicines, offset, printing, toffees, nylon ropes, wooden toys, stainless steel, cashew nut, orange processing, honey collection, fruit and fish canning, metal works. Cottage Industry: Cleaning of cotton, making of seed oil of various kinds and weaving are the important cottage industries in Amravati taluka. Mining: Open cast quarry mining produced minor mineral such as gitti on large scale by number of stone crushers at the village Rahatgaon, Masod and Wadgaon near Amravati. This is one of the important industries catering the need of civil works. Energy Sector: With actual ongoing work of thermal power plant in NandgaonPeth SEZ significant development in energy sector in Amravati taluka took place. The capacity of power plant is 550 MW.

7.4 DEMOGRAPHY

7.4.1 Population Profile The study area comprises of 1997 villages of Amravati District. The total population of the Amravati District is 2,888,445 accommodating in households 644,922 with an average households size of approx. 4 members per family.

7.4.2 Gender Distribution in the Buffer Zone The males in Amravati District constitute 51.26% and females constitute 48.74%. The gender ratio of the study area is 951.63 per thousand male. 7.4.3 Literacy Profile in Buffer Zone The average literacy rate of Amravati District is 77.96% as per Census of India, 2011. The male literacy is 81.51% with respect to male population and the female literacy is 74.21% with respect to female population. The literacy gap between male & female is approx. 7.3%. There are 22.04% people in our study area is illiterate.

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7.4.4 Occupational Structure in Buffer Zone Occupational structure of the workforce indicates the economic activity of the region. The occupational patterns include cultivators, agricultural labourers, and household industry workers. The work participation rate is 42.80% in which males are 56.56% with respect to the male population and females are 28.32% with respect to the female population. The employment rate in Amravati District for main workers, marginal workers and non workers are as follows: The Main workers constitute 85.86% in which male worker’s participation is 89.98% with respect to the male working population whether as female worker’s participation is 77.20% with respect to the female working populaton. The Marginal workers constitute 14.14% with the male workers of 10.02% with respect to the male working population and female workers of 22.80% with respect to the female working population. The Non Workers constitute 57.20%; and there is distribution of men 43.44% with respect to the male population and women 71.68% with respect to the female population.

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7.4.5 Demographic Profile of SC & ST in the Study Area The total population of Schedule Caste in Amravati District is 506,374(17.53%) in which 51.22% is male and 48.78% is female. The total population of Schedule Tribes in Amravati District is 404,128 (13.99%) in which 50.93% is male and 49.07% is female.

8 Land utilization pattern in the district The land use / land cover pattern of any region is an outcome of natural and socio - economic factors and their utilization by man in time and space. Land is becoming a limited resource due to immense agricultural and demographic pressure. Hence, information on land use land cover and possibilities for their most advantageous use is essential for the selection, planning and implementation of land use schemes to meet the increasing demands for basic human needs and welfare. This information also assists in monitoring the dynamics of land use resulting out of changing demands of increasing population. The present land use land cover pattern of Amravati taluka is as under urban residential built up - 33.31 sq.km., villages (rural) built up - 9.62 sq.km., agriculture land- 591 .96 sq.km., forest- 99.83 sq .km., land with and without scrub - 154.99 sq.km., water bodies mask - 8.10 sq.km. and river island- 0.19 sq.km.

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9 Physiography of the district

The total geographical area of Amravati District is 12212 sq. km.and its only 3.97 % of Maharashtras. 75% of Amravati district covered by Deccan Trap while 25% area covered by Purna alluvium. The total area of Purna alluvium is 3053 sq.kms. out of which 1562 sq.kms area belongs to saline zone which is Quality affected area. The ground water in this area is not used for Irrigation and Drinking water purposes, where as North East part of district there is high irrigation activity mainly orange fruit crop which develop imbalance in ground water. Physiography : Physiographically the taluka has been divided in two units. The first drained by the Wardha and the second by Puma river basin marking the water divide. Wardha basin gets separated through the Pohra hill range and the plain area of the Pedhiriver. The Pohra hills forms part of the Sahyadri hill ranges are made up of Deccan Trap Basalts. The eastern part of taluka falls under the Wardha River basin, whereas the western and north western part falls in the Puma basin. The Purna basin consists of the Pedhi river sub-basin. The valley is almost uniform in characteristics. Except the low range of stony and barren hills which crop up in the immediate vicinity of Amravati camp, which extends over the eastern border of the taluka. The Eastern and South eastern part of taluka is covered by Pohra hill ranges and a fair jungle, and the North-East part of taluka is covered by NerPinglai hills with scrub forest.

10 Rainfall The Climate of the district is characterised by a hot summer and general dryness throughout the year except during the south-west monsoon season, i.e., June to September. The mean minimum temperature is 15.1°C and means maximum temperature is 42.2°C.

The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from 700 mm to about 1700 mm. It is the minimum in the south western parts of the district around Daryapur (709 mm). This increases towards north and reaches a maximum in the northern part around Chikaldhara (1647 mm). The average rainfall for the last ten years ranges from 712 mm (Daryapur) to 1407 mm (Chikhaldhara). The average annual rainfall for the last ten years when compared with the normal annual rainfall, it is observed that the average annual rainfall for the last ten years of the district is much less than the normal annual rainfall. Thus the rainfall has definitely decreased in the district over the period of time.

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Table 3: Annual Rainfall Data (2002-2011) (in mm)

S. Taluka 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Avg No 1 Achalpur 646.5 625 572 654 1030.3 1334.24 384.4 656.1 1248.6 743.3 789.444 2 Amravati 672.5 681.8 511.62 886.4 931.35 1112.4 788 677.1 1405.1 900.5 856.677 3 Anjangaon 687.4 604.1 492.2 628.4 1168.38 1265.8 484.2 683.3 741.5 646.1 740.138 4 Bhatkuli 582.5 519.4 538.627 711.6 1063.33 1273.88 752.3 621.9 1029.1 787.2 787.978 5 Chandur 777.2 608.6 549.3 578 835 1513.6 543.9 727.4 892 780.6 780.56 6 Chandur 859.7 850.9 418.03 1048.5 1029.55 906.74 479.2 646 1309.1 715.3 826.302 Railway 7 Chikhaldhara 1254 1373.2 1157.7 1358.2 1423.18 2154.86 1144 1059 1592.3 1555.7 1407.21 4 8 Daryapur 603.8 415.2 510.3 696.2 912.74 963.6 794.2 574.4 975 676 712.144 9 Dhamangaon 851.3 750.8 630.6 1116.4 1057.3 959.44 537.3 797.7 1442.2 1049.3 919.234 Railway 10 Dharni 841.9 915 677.9 907.2 863.33 1232.22 736.8 618.4 902.1 1041.8 873.665 11 Morshi 763.1 750 659.8 696.3 736.69 1071 619.8 593.4 1185.8 609.2 768.509 12 Nandgaon - 768.4 520.4 441.4 1194.4 1059.32 1171.6 560.9 611.8 1346.7 1058.7 873.362 Khandeshwar 13 Tiwsa 642.2 618.5 568.05 964 740.23 848.38 724.2 717.5 1153.7 718.8 769.556 14 Warud 581.3 734.4 608.3 783.2 845.04 998.36 550 837.5 923.2 761.1 762.24 Average 752.27 711.95 595.42 873.06 978.27 1200.43 649.94 701.54 1153.31 860.26 847.64 (source- CGWB Amravati, 2013) Humidity : Relative humidity in summer season ranges from 9 % to 100%, while in rainy and winter season it varies from 11% to 100 %.

Wind : Winds are generally light to moderate with some strengthening during the south- west monsoon. In the winter months, winds generally blow from directions between east and northeast. During the southwest monsoon, winds blow between southwest and northwest directions. The winds during the month of March blow from south-west to west and in rest of the summer, winds are mostly between south-west and north-west.

11 Geology, Geomorphology and Mineral wealth The district mainly divided into two geographical regions, the Melghat hilly area of Satpuda range and plain area. The prominent hill range in the District is the Gawilgarh hills which are located in the North West of district in Melghat area of Chikhaldara tahsil. The plain area may be subdivided into further sub types 1. The piedement belt of light & medium black soils with pebble/boulder zone, with abundant ground water supplies, sloping away from Satpuda range. 2. The region of deep & fertile soils of the South West where the sub-soil water is very often saline. 3. The region of light red & medium black soils are at of Eastern Amravati & Chandur rly. 4. Patches of fertile black soil adjoining to Morshi & Warud area.

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Geology : About 73 percent of Amravati tahsil is covered by basaltic lava flows of the Deccan Traps belonging to the Upper Cretaceous to Eocene age. The remaining part is underlain by other soft rock formations, particularly the Alluvium, Lameta beds, Gondwana Sediments and unclassified metamorphic rocks along the river Pedhi (Tributary of Puma) which occupies 20% area. Deccan Trap : Deccan Traps belongs to the Upper Cretaceous to Eocene age. The horizontally disposed basaltic lava flows of the Deccan traps are the major geological formations occurring over about 652 sq.kms. area in the taluka. The Vesicular and Amygdaloidal zeolitic basalt and massive basalt 9 flows are generally separated by red/ green boles and clay layers. The average flow thickness range is 10 to 30 m. Alluvium : About 20% part of the Amravati taluka along the Pedhi basin is occupied by alluvial deposits. The alluvium consists of clay, sand and silts with thickness ranging from 10 to 15 m with a wide aerial extension spread over 184 sq. kms. It is of recent age, and lying over the Deccan Traps.

(Source:GSDA,Amravati) Geomorphology : The major geological formation of the Amravati taluka is Deccan Trap Basalts, it shows trappean landforms. On the basis of degree of dissections and origin of the landforms, these trappean land forms have been classified as High and Moderate and

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Dissected Plateaus linear ridges and denudational hills. These dissected plateaus are of structural origin.

(Source:GSDA,Amravati) Hydrogeology : In Amravati taluka, Ground water occurs in upper weathered and fractured parts of Deccan Trap Basalt mostly down to 15-20 m depth. At places potential zones are encountered at deeper levels in the form of fractures and inter-flow zones. The upper weathered and fractured parts form phreatic aquifer and ground water occurs under water table in unconfined conditions. At deeper levels, the ground water occurs under semi- confined conditions. The Pohra and Ner Pinglai hills and rugged Basalt terrain in does not form potential aquifer due to limited thickness of weathered material. Soil : The Amravati taluka has a great variety of soils. Two major types of soils have been observed in the Amravati taluka namely medium to deep black soil and deep brown to red soil (Regur). Other soils ranging from the prevalent black argillaceous mould to the worst of rocky soils occurs in the taluka. Though the latter are inferior in appearance are however, reasonably fertile owing to their iron felspar contain. In favourable seasons they produce excellent crops. The black soil in the western part of the taluka contains some saline matter, is very fertile. It requires neither little /no manure nor even heavy ploughing, for the production of the prolific cotton. The soil is deep and in the hot weather great fissures are observed, sometimes several feet deep.

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12 Details of Major and Minor Rivers in the District

Large rivers like Purna, Wardha, Tapi, Sipna and smaller rivers like Kapra, Gadga, Chudaman and Kholat flow through the district. Wardha River marks the eastern boundary of the district and the Tapi River its northern boundary. The Wardha River forms the eastern boundary of the district, and the eastern portion of the district lies within its watershed. The Purna River drains the southwestern portion of the district, while the northwest is drained by the Tapti River . Other important rivers are Shahanoor and Chandrabhaga . The Purna rises near Bhainsdehi in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh in the Satpudas. After flowing for about 50 km in a general southerly and south-easterly direction enters the district. It travels across the district in a south-westerly direction dividing it into two halves, first through the Achalpur taluka and then along the boundary between the Amravati and Daryapurtalukas. Finally, it turns due westwards forming the boundary of the district and continues further to join the Tapti near Muktainagar in Jalgaon district. The only significant left bank tributary of the Purna is the Pedhi. The first of the principal right bank tributaries is the Arna. The next is a small river known as the Bodi. The next tributary, the Chandrabhaga is a very important one, flowing in a general south-westerly direction to join the Purna. The principal right bank affluent of the Chandrabhaga is the Bhuleshwari. The westernmost tributary of the Purna of some significance within the district is the Shahanur, with its tributary, the Bordi. Purna. The Purna, the largest of them rises near Bhainsdehi in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh at a height of just over 760 metres in the Satpudas and after flowing for some 50 kilometres in a general southerly and south-easterly direction through the hills enters the district emerging into the plains, as the district boundary here lies along the base of the hills. It traverses across the plains of the district in a south-westerly direction dividing it into two halves, first through the Achalpur tahsil and then along the boundary between the Amravati and Daryapur tahsils. Then it turns due westwards forming the boundary of the district and continues further to join the Tapi in Nimar district. On the banks of the Purna are found a string of villages beginning from Vishroli near the foot of the Satpudas and at close intervals of less than 3 kilometres lower down from Deurwada, situated near

DSR- AMRAVATI the confluence with the Arna. The chief among them are Assegaon, Thugaon and Kholapur. Pedhi. The only important left bank tributary of the Purna is the Pedhi. It rises in the low hills near Rithpur and receives a number of small affluents both from the east and the west, the chief on the west being the Naghirariver. The Pedhi flows in a general south- easterly course passing by Walgaon and Bhat-kuli. After crossing the district boundary it turns and flows westwards and north-westwards to join the Purna at the point where the latter makes a very short sojourn outside the Amravati district into Akola. Arna. The first of the principal right bank affluents of the Purna is the Arna which emerges from the Satpuda hills in Betul district and flows in a south and south-easterly direction passing by Sirasgaon to join the Purna just below Deurwada. Bodi. The next affluent is a small river known as the Bodiriver, which after passing by Talegaon joins the Purna at Rajna. Chandrabhaga. With its affluents, the Pili or Bahramkasand on which is situated the village of Karasgaon, the Bichan river passing through Paratwada, the Sapan river passing through Achalpur, the Chandrabhaga river is a very important tributary flowing in a general south- westerly direction past Wasni, Khallar and Daryapur to join the Purna about a kilometre and a half below Dhamodi. The river rises just below the Vairat plateau and after receiving a number of small streams draining the southern slopes of the Chikhaldara plateau and the slopes of the Gawilgad plateau, flows in an easterly direction in a valley which forms a cultivated tract of about 2 kilometres in width breaking the continuity of the forested areas on either side. About 2½ km. south-west of Dhamangaon it turns southwards. The principal right bank affluent of the Chandrabhaga is the Bhuleshwaririver which itself receives the Gangadari river, another Satpuda stream. The Bhuleshwari passes by ShindiBuzrug and Kokarda and meets the Chandrabhaga near Daryapur east of Babli. Shahanur. The westernmost tributary of the Purna of some importance within the district is the Shahanurriver with its affluent, the Bordi. The Shahanur river rises in the Gawilgad hills near Jhiraghat and after a fairly long and winding course first eastwards and then

DSR- AMRAVATI south-westwards enters the plains near Malkapur and flows southwards passing by Anjangaon and turns south- westwards at Umri and continues in this direction to join the Purna beyond the border of the district. Bordi. Though the river Bordi flows for a major part of its course outside the district, it is joined by the combined waters of the Chansuri river and the Gaimuk which have their plain courses within the district. Wardha. The Wardha river rises to the east of Multai in Madhya Pradesh and has a long and tortuous course along the Satpuda hills. It forms the eastern boundary of the district and receives a number of short tributaries on its right flowing within the district. The Saktiriver rises in Shendari reserved forest area in the Satpudas, and passing by Jarud and flowing southwards joins the Wardha. The Dhawagiri river rises in the Dabka reserved forest area and flows past Benoda and Loni before joining the Wardha. Pak Nala. The Pak Nala rises in the same Dabka forest area and receives, besides the Satpudaaffluents, the drainage of the northern slopes of Lakhara hills, a detached mass south of the Satpudas. Hiwarkhed is situated on the banks of this river. The Pak Nala Project on this river provides irrigation facilities to the area on the northern side of the Morshi-Warud road. The Kobi drains the southern slopes of the Lakhara hills into the Wardha. Maru. The Maru river rises south of Atner in Betul district and after a winding course in the Satpudas enters the district and flows in a general south-easterly course to join the Wardha, where the latter makes an abrupt right angular turn to continue the course of the Maru. Narha. The Narha river is a much smaller but important tributary of the Wardha. Morshi, the tahsil headquarters, is situated on its western bank. Chargar. The westernmost tributary of some size flowing from the Satpudas is the Chargar river having its source just east of the Wardha-Purna watershed, and flows past GhatLarki, Khed, and Udkhed with a general south-easterly direction parallel to the water divide and joins the Wardha at Bhambor. The river Chargar receives the Kasiriver, a

DSR- AMRAVATI smaller stream flowing somewhat parallel to it on its western side from the north, and also the combined waters of the Dhaula, the Lendi and the Bharan-takia from the Ner hills in the south-west. NerPingalai village is situated between the Lendi and the Bharantakia. Minor Rivers. There are several small streams flowing eastwards from the Wardha-Purna water divide into the Wardhariver. Among them is the river NerPingalai on which are located Talegaon, Thakur and Tivsa. The Borriver passing by Kurha and Idarba river passing by Temburni, Virul and Anjansinghi river join together and flow into the Wardha. The Kolad-Dhangarriver flowing roughly parallel to the Wardha on its western side passes by Mangrul and joins it at Borgaon in the south-east corner of the district. The Chandrabhagariver (this should not be confused with the much larger one of the same name flowing by Daryapur) flows by Dattapur in an easterly direction and then turns southwards to join the Wardha outside the district. The last of the tributaries of the Wardha in the district is the Bemla which has only its middle course in the extreme southern part of the district, but is important as receiving a number of affluents flowing from the north, such as the Kholad and the Chandrabhaga (the third one in the district with the same name) flowing by Chandur Railway and the Kalamali. Purna-Wardha Water Divide. The water divide between the Purna and the Wardha system of rivers (in fact this is the water divide between the Tapi flowing into the Arabian Sea and the Godavari flowing into the Bay of Bengal as the former two are only tributaries of the latter) begins in the district at the foot hills of the Satpudas and runs as a low divide of a little more than 360 metres in elevation in a general south-easterly direction with peaks on it rising to 404 metres east of Pohenkheda and to 435 metres in Ner hills. From the Ner hills it turns and runs in a south-westerly direction somewhat parallel to the Morshi-Amravati road with peak heights of 387 metres and 392 metres, and in the hills east of Amravati with peaks over 460 metres. The water divide continues in the south-westerly direction with a lower height (350 metres at Loni) and passes outside the district. By comparing the levels of the beds of the Purna and the Wardha it is seen that the maximum relative relief is not generally more than 100 metres, indicative of post-mature stage of dissection. It may be mentioned here that the initial south-easterly course of the divide changing into a south- westerly trend is also reflected in the courses of the several tributaries of the Purna system within the district.

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Tapi Tributaries. As the highest hills of the Melghat are in its southern part the water divide between the south flowing tributaries of the Purna and the north flowing tributaries of the Tapi lies towards the southern part of the Melghat hills, so that the greater part of Melghat is drained northwards and northeastwards towards the Tapi river. The more important among them are the Khursi, the Khandu, the Sipna, the Garga, the Dewal and the Dhulghat. The Khursiriver takes its source on the eastern slopes of Katkumbh plateau and after a brief sojourn into the Betul district re-enters the district and flows in a northwesterly direction flowing close to the district boundary for some distance and then follows it for a while till it leaves it to flow northwards to join the Tapi. The Khandu rising near Khamla in Betul district enters the district to flow west of the Katkumbh plateau and has a fairly long and winding course in a general north-westerly direction cutting its bed deeply through the several ranges of hills, before joining the Tapi just outside the district. The Khapra has its source just outside the district on the northern slopes of the Antarmal plateau of Betul district and has a similar winding course through the hills to join the Tapi outside the district. The Sipna rises very close to the source of the Khapra and has a similar long winding but westerly course towards the Tapi. But unlike the aforesaid rivers the Sipna has several flat stretches of land adjoining its middle and lower courses useful for the purposes of cultivation supporting such villages as Harisal, Chakarda and Duni. The Garga rises on the northern slopes of the Gawilgad ridge west of the Vairat plateau and is joined by the Kutumbi at Koha and has a general westerly and northwesterly course passing by Kalamkhar and Dhulghat to join the Tapi. This river is even more important than the Sipna, for the lower valley below GargaMalur is an extensive level area, richly cultivated, forming the Dharni plain which reaches up to Sipna on the north at Diwa. The Dewal and Dhulghat rivers are two smaller streams which have their sources in the Gawilgad ridge farther to the west of the others and have their lower plain courses near the Tapi.

13 General Recommendations/Conclusions During the preparation of the present report prominent rivers/ streams has been studied in detail, as the rest of the streams/rivers either have very insignificant annual replenishment/ approachability problem or are very narrow at most of the places and as such are not fit for grant of mineral concession for mineral based industries, however it is

DSR- AMRAVATI also important to mention here that because of the regular demand of sand, stone and bajri for the developmental activities in the respective areas, such streams are prone to illegal mining, It is suggested that the auctions of quarries be done regularly to meet out the local demand subject to the approval from the joint Inspection Committee as per New Sand mining guidelines, Maharashtra (03/01/2018) .These mineral concessions shall also reduce demand load and will be helpful to minimize illegal extraction of minerals, failure of which may result in to illegal mining at odd hours and shall be haphazard and more detrimental to the local ecology. Irrespective of it following geo-scientific considerations are also suggested to be taken into account during the river bed mining in a particular area: 1. Abandoned stream channels or terrace and inactive floodplains may be preferred rather than active channels and their deltas and floodplains. 2. Stream should not be diverted to form inactive channel. 3. Mining below subterranean water level should be avoided as a safeguard against environmental contamination and over exploitation of resources. 4. Large rivers and streams whose periodic sediment replenishment capacities are larger, may be preferred than smaller rivers. 5. Segments of braided river system should be used preferably falling within the lateral migration area of the river regime that enhances the feasibility of sediment replenishment. 6. Mining at the concave side of the river channel should be avoided to prevent bank erosion. Similarly meandering segment of a river should be selected for mining in such a way as to avoid natural eroding banks and to promote mining on naturally building (aggrading) meander components. 7. Continued riverbed material mining in a given segment of the river will induce seasonal scouring and intensify the erosion activity within the channel. This will have an adverse effect not only within the mining area but also both in upstream and downstream of the river course. Hazardous effects of such scouring and enhanced erosion due to riverbed mining should be evaluated periodically and avoided for sustainable mining activities. 8. Mining area should be demarcated on the ground with Pucca pillars so as to avoid illegal unscientific mining.

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9. It is recommended that Sub Divisional Level Committee may take into consideration all its relevant aspects / data while scrutinizing and recommending the application for EC to the concerned Authority.