Sixth Grade Language Arts: Reading

6c 6c

Of America II America Of Sixth graders will enjoy reading exciting selections about animals of all kinds, patriots from Of America’s past, and Christians in foreign lands. This delightful collection of stories and poems

mericaFourth Edition A features several well-known authors and introduces students to a variety of interesting characters.

6b 6b Students will read a biographical novel and a Christian fiction novel and use them when writing language

Second Edition book reports. Two speed and comprehension readers contain challenging and interesting selections. H

  Sixth graders will develop a wider range of comprehension skills by answering comprehension questions  

 ´/h!#i¨ abeka.com 15720103  based on stated facts, implications, and general reasoning.

6 6   Literary Value Materials Evaluation

´/gg#k¨ •• 146 authors, including well-known writers •• Readers (3) containing: •• Weekly oral reading grade 15717103 Speed & Comprehension Reader

Fourth Edition abeka.com such as Louisa May Alcott, Benjamin Frank- •• Short stories (102), poems (67), plays (3) •• Weekly vocabulary and lin, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Rudyard Kipling, •• Scripture selections (5) ­comprehension quizzes (34) Lucy Maud Montgomery, and Mark Twain •• Christian fiction and biographical novels (1 each) •• Speed and comprehension

 •• Themes including brotherhood, friendship, •• Speed and comprehension readers (2): ­quizzes (73) for timed silent abeka.com ´/hD#k¨  15723603 generosity, honor, ingenuity,­ leadership, reading exercises and stories •• Reading Comprehension 6 Skill Sheets (42) Reading Program patience, prayer, justice, loyalty, citizen- ship, dedication, and responsibility •• Adventures in Greatness exercises (31)

Reading Skills Development Comprehension, Discussion, & Analysis • Strive for increased: Skills Development •• Accuracy, fluency, phrasing •• Answer factual, interpretive, and inferential comprehension­ and discussion­ •• Good expression, comprehension questions for most stories and poems •• Improvement of flow •• Improve ability to use deductive reasoning, understand cause and •• Pace and comprehension while reading­ silently effect, and draw conclusions •• Ability to follow along and comprehend as others read orally •• Determine main characters, theme, climax, and turning point •• Vocabulary development through words and definitions in readers •• Ability to read poetry correctly

Language Arts: Language

6 6 The sixth grader should be constantly guided to see how grammar applies to his writing and speak- ing. God’s Gift of Language C gives a thorough, systematic presentation of grammar, composition,

Writing & Grammar Third Edition Work-text and mechanics in a clear and appealing manner. Both the student and the teacher will appreciate the explanations and demonstrations of the writing process. Students who use this program are not “afraid of composition.” Creative Writing, a companion text to God’s Gift of Language C, helps students to think and to convey their thoughts more clearly, critically, and creatively.

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´/hL!{¨    15724401 abeka.com  LANGUAGE SERIES God’s Gift of Language C features a cumulative review section at the end of each unit and a Hand- book of Rules and Definitions at the end of the text. Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Creative writing focus (23 lessons) •• Quizzes: •• Book reports (7): •• The Student Writer’s Handbook includes: •• From quiz/test book (15) •• Short format (3; each counts as 2 quiz grades) •• How to use a dictionary, thesaurus, ency- •• Graded grammar exercises in •• Long format (3; each counts as test grade) clopedia; The Writing Process; a Writer’s student book (10) •• Oral (1; counts as test grade) Checklist; proofreader marks •• Tests from quiz/test book (10) •• Library research report (counts as 2 test grades) •• How to write book reports using the Writ- •• Graded creative writing exercises (3) ing Process and the Book Report Checklist; friendly letters and social notes •• How your library works

86 Language cont. p. 87 Sixth Grade

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Grammar •• The sentence: •• Capitalization: •• Identify sentences and fragments •• Proper nouns: •• Correct sentence fragments and run-on sentences •• Recognize four types of sentences: declarative, imperative, •• Particular persons, places, things; words referring to Deity or interrogative, exclamatory the Holy Scriptures •• Locate simple and complete subjects and predicates •• Words formed from proper nouns: •• Identify compound subjects and verbs; compound sentences •• Proper adjectives •• Locate out-of-the-ordinary subjects and verbs hhAbbreviations of proper nouns •• Parts of speech: •• Titles of persons: •• Recognize and diagram all eight parts of speech •• Used before a person’s name as part of the name •• Verbs: •• Used alone in direct address •• Distinguish action, state of being, helping, and linking verbs •• Titles of works: •• Recognize verb phrases, principal parts of verbs, and irregular •• First, last, and all important words in titles of books, magazines, verbs newspapers, poems, stories, plays, and works of art •• Use spelling rules for verb endings •• First word in a sentence, including quoted sentences •• Use action verbs with picturing power •• Pronoun I •• Find exact verbs •• Punctuation: •• Use troublesome verbs correctly •• End marks •• Nouns: •• Commas: •• Recognize common, proper, compound •• Before a coordinating conjunction joining two simple sentences •• Use: •• To indicate where word(s) have been omitted •• As subjects, predicate nominatives, direct objects, indirect objects, objects of the preposition hhTo avoid a possible misreading •• In direct address •• To indicate nonessential elements in a sentence: nouns of direct address; well, yes, no, why hhMake subject agree with verb •• Pronouns: hhTo indicate parenthetical words or expressions •• Recognize personal pronouns: nominative, objective, possessive •• In dates and addresses •• Choose correct pronoun case •• In letter salutations and closings •• Recognize: •• Apostrophes: •• Compound, demonstrative, and interrogative pronouns •• To show possession hhIndefinite pronouns •• To show omissions from a word hhMake pronoun agree with the verb hhTo show omissions from an expression •• Adjectives: •• With s to form: •• Know distinguishing characteristics of adjectives •• The plural of letters hhCorrectly use compound proper adjectives hhThe plural of numbers, signs, and words used as words •• Recognize: •• Quotation marks: •• Predicate adjectives, verbs used as adjectives •• In a direct quotation •• Prepositional phrases used as adjectives •• To enclose titles of short stories, short poems, songs, chapters, •• Use and compare adjectives correctly articles, and other parts of books or magazines hhCorrectly use less, least; fewer, fewest; them, those •• Semicolons: hhPlace adjectives correctly in sentence •• To separate simple sentences not joined by a conjunction hhLearn how to use adjective-forming suffixes hhWith a conjunction to join two simple sentences if those •• Adverbs: ­sentences already contain commas •• Distinguish adjectives from adverbs •• Colons: •• Identify prepositional phrases used as adverbs hhBefore a list of items •• Correctly use: •• Between chapter and verse of a Bible reference •• Good, well •• Between hour and minute when writing the time •• Adverbs in comparisons •• After the salutation of a business letter •• Avoid double negatives and double comparisons •• Underlining: titles of books, magazines, newspapers, plays, works •• Prepositions: of art, ships, trains, and airplanes •• Recognize prepositional phrases •• Hyphens: •• Distinguish prepositions from adverbs •• To divide a word at the end of the line •• Avoid: •• Preposition errors hhIn compound numbers hhUnnecessary prepositions hhIn fractions used as adjectives •• Conjunctions: hhRecognize coordinating and correlative conjunctions •• Interjections

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Composition •• Write a library research report using the Writing Process: Note: Many creative writing exercises are included in •• Make bibliography cards and preliminary outline Creative Writing, a companion text to Language C. •• Take notes •• Creative writing exercises: •• Make a final outline •• Write: •• Write the rough, second, and final drafts •• Friendly letter and social notes •• Write the final bibliography •• Dialogue hhWrite poetry: •• Paragraphs: hhUsing rhymes, assonance, consonance •• Develop: hhDefinition and picture poems •• A good topic sentence hhHaiku and cinquain poetry hhParagraphs with details, examples, reasons, or brief story •• Use paragraph unity hhDevelop sentence order: chronological order, order of importance hhWrite a compare-and-contrast paragraph hhWrite a narrative paragraph •• Write about an emotion and a memory •• Apply the Writing Process to writing paragraphs •• Use transitional words and phrases hhCombine paragraphs to make a composition

Language Arts: Penmanship & Creative Writing

6 6 Creative Writing is a companion text to God’s Gift of Language C. This work-text Added Enrichment Creative Writing Creative develops students’ abilities to observe, proofread, think clearly, and use descriptive •• Journal compilation including words. Students learn what characterizes good writing and how they can write more creative writing assignments (24) with Penmanship Skills creatively as they study observation and creativity, poetry, and journal writing. The •• Additional exercises to build challenging Mind Stretchers provide lively openers for each creative writing class as creative writing skills (40) students create anagrams, acrostics, and rebuses, and work with synonyms, connota- tion, and alliteration. Creative Writing features many examples for students to follow ´/iI"x¨ Evaluation abeka.com 15734102 as they complete these exercises. Sixth graders will also review previously learned •• Penmanship tests (17) penmanship skills and concepts by completing practice exercises. •• Progress report boxes through- out penmanship section (12)  red indicates first introduction of content.

Penmanship Skills Development Creative Writing Skills Development •• Maintain good writing position: hh Understand the value of creativity­ in writing •• Sitting properly in desk hh Write alliterated sentences and acrostics (38) •• Holding pen correctly hh Make observations while paying attention to ­details •• Slanting paper correctly hh Proofread with correction symbols while rewriting and perfecting •• Write in ink with a relaxed grip and flowing movement work •• Evaluate writing for personal improvement hh Write topical journal entries •• Maintain correct letter spacing, shape, alignment, and proportion; hhDescriptions, portraits, dialogue (7) uniform slant, retracing, and smooth connecting strokes hhWith “color words” (1) hh Identify and practice difficult connections (13) hhPoems, rhymes, couplets, picture poetry (5) •• Use correct warm-up procedure using slants, ovals, and basic hhHaiku and cinquain poetry (5) letter strokes hhAbout memories (3) •• Correctly write all upper- and lowercase letters hhA rebus (1) •• Use key strokes: humps, slants, loops, tails hhAbout an emotion (1) •• Be able to write sentences as dictated (10) hhUsing comparisons, improvisations (1)

88 Sixth Grade Language Arts: Spelling, Vocabulary, & Poetry

Spelling, Vocabulary, and Poetry 6 teaches students the spelling and meaning of words through the study of prefixes, roots, and suffixes. They will be able to spell and recognize thousands of words after

Sixth Edition learning these common roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Sixth graders will appreciate the eight review lists and exercises that provide opportunity for spelling mastery. Three Spelling Challenge lists allow them to learn commonly misspelled words that pertain to a specific spelling rule. Students will also practice their proofreading skills while learning about the origin and development of the English language from

  a Christian perspective. ´/h¡!F¨ abeka.com 15729501 Spelling, Vocabulary, and Poetry 6 contains eight delightful poems written by well-known poets; this recitation and memorization of poetry will further develop each student’s appreciation for good poetry.

Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Spelling and vocabulary: •• Spelling games (19) •• Poetry: •• Spelling tests (34) •• Spelling lists (34) including 8 review lists: •• Pronunciation key •• Poem introductions include: •• Spelling words (460) •• Thought-provoking quotation with •• Discussion ideas •• Definition included with each spelling each list •• Historical content word •• Quick-reference lists: •• Information about the author •• Vocabulary words and definitions (345) •• All prefixes, root words, and suffixes •• CD included to help with •• Frequently misspelled words (150) •• Word meaning and /or sample derivation ­interpretation •• Organized by prefixes(49) , roots (50), •• Teacher resources: practical spelling tips •• Vocabulary lists accompany each suffixes(33) and suggestions; sentence bank poem •• Practice exercises included with each list (77)  red indicates first introduction of content.

Spelling & Vocabulary Skills Development •• Learn spelling rules: hh Master spelling and vocabulary lists: •• Use i before e, except after c, or when sounded like a hhPrefixes, root words, and suffixes •• Double a final consonant before adding a suffix beginning with a hhVocabulary words and definitions vowel hhHomonyms, synonyms, and antonyms •• Change y to i when adding suffixes hhFrequently misspelled words •• Drop the silent e before adding a suffix beginning with a vowel •• Use vocabulary words in proper context •• A prefix is added to thebeginning ­ of a word to change the meaning •• Memorize vocabulary definitions •• A suffix is added to the end of a word to change the function of •• Correctly write sentences dictated by teacher using vocabulary words original word, not the meaning •• Create good sentences using spelling and vocabulary words •• Learn: •• Apply spelling and phonics concepts through daily teacher-directed hhExceptions to spelling rules oral practice and independent written practice •• Words that follow no spelling pattern hh Learn about the history and literal meaning of words •• How to choose correct ending for words with sound-alike suffixes hh Learn to pronounce thousands of words correctly hhPrinciple of assimilation to expand creativity hh Become familiar with a pronunciation key Poetry Skills Development hh Practice proofreading skills while also learning about the origin and development of the English language from a Christian perspective hh Memorize 6 lyrical poems and 2 dramatic poems hh Develop spelling skills using Greek and Latin roots, prefixes, and suffixes •• Develop appreciation of poetry hh Be able to identify commonly misspelled words •• Perform in front of audience hh Be able to comprehend a word within proper context •• Recite in unison •• Proofread for spelling errors: recognize misspelled words in lists or •• Develop appropriate expression and volume sets of words •• Improve comprehension of content and emotion hh Apply knowledge of prefixes, roots, suffixes to: •• Learn definitions and use of unfamiliar words hhForm words •• Develop mental visualization of the poem hhAnswer comprehension questions •• Discuss meaning and purpose of poems •• Use proper observation of punctuation

89 Sixth Grade

ArithmeticArithmetic cont.

6 i ҃ prt i ҃ $2, 000 ҂ .1 The Arithmetic 6 work-text includes an abundance of practice problems and review i ҃ $240 2 ҂ 1 Evaluation 5 Work-text Fourth Edition 1 3 118 ѿ 64 ҃ 58 exercises to help each student master important arithmetic skills and concepts. Almost •• Biweekly quizzes (17) daily story problems and frequent problem-solving strategies are featured, providing •• Biweekly tests (17) 843 1,000 ҃ .84 practical application for real-life situations. Arithmetic 6 takes students from the known 3 •• 4 weekly skills development 1 9 72% of F ҃ 5C ѿ 32 to the unknown as they study fractions, decimals, proportions, percents, prime factor- $10 ҃ 9 ҂ 20 ѿ F 5 1 32 exercises (135) F ҃ 36 ѿ 32 F ҃ 68º ing, algebraic equations, measurement, basic geometry, and beginning banking.

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Numbers •• Checking by addition •• Place value: •• Fractions with common and uncommon ­denominator •• Whole numbers to the 100 billions’ place •• Measures hhDecimals to the millionths’ place •• Decimals with annexing zeros •• Writing numbers to the 100 billions’ place hh Compound measures •• Roman numerals: •• Value of I, V, X, L, C, D, M Multiplication •• Basic and complex rules for forming Roman numerals •• Multiplication facts: 0–12 tables hhUse of dash to increase value one thousand times •• Word problems: •• Terms: hhWith added complexity •• Notation, numeration •• Timed mastery hhPrime number, composite number •• Terms: factors, product, partial products •• Comparing hh Mental arithmetic: problems combining multiplication, division, hh Rounding to nearest billion ­addition, and subtraction with up to 16 numbers hh Prime numbers: Eratosthenes sieve •• Multiplying with up to a 3-digit multiplier (factor) hh Composite numbers •• Checking by reversing factors and casting out 9s •• Estimating: divisor, quotient •• Money •• Rounding: whole numbers, money, decimals, timed mastery hh Recognize symbol: • (raised dot) hh Irrational numbers •• Factors: Addition •• Factoring •• Finding common and greatest common factor •• Addition families 1–18: mixed order hhPrime factors: •• Timed mastery hhDivision by primes •• Terms: addend, sum hhFactoring tree •• Word problems: hhLeast common multiple hhWith added complexity hh Compound measures •• Money •• Fractions: hh Mental arithmetic: problems combining addition, subtraction, ­multiplication, and division up to 16 numbers •• Using cancellation •• Checking by addition and ­casting out 9s •• Multiplied by fractions, mixed or whole numbers •• Addends: column addition •• Decimals: •• Averaging •• Multiplied by decimals or whole ­numbers •• Fractions with common and uncommon denominators •• Multiplied by powers of ten •• Measures Division •• Decimals with annexing zeros •• Division facts: 1–12 tables hh Compound measures •• Word problems: Subtraction hhWith added complexity •• Subtraction families 1–18: mixed order •• Timed mastery •• Timed mastery •• Steps of division •• Terms: dividend, divisor, quotient hh Mental arithmetic: problems combining subtraction, addition, ­multiplication, and division up to 16 numbers hh Mental arithmetic: problems combining division, multiplication, •• Word problems: addition, and subtraction with up to 16 numbers •• Divisors: hhWith added complexity •• Terms: minuend, subtrahend, difference hhUp to 4 digits •• Money 90 Arithmetic cont. p. 91 Sixth Grade

Arithmetic cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Division cont. •• Multiplication: Evaluation •• Dividends: •• By a whole number •• Biweekly quizzes (17) •• By another decimal hhUp to 7 digits •• Biweekly tests (17) •• When zeros are annexed •• Remainders written as fractions •• 4 weekly skills development •• Division: •• Checking by multiplication or casting out 9s exercises (135) •• By a whole number •• Money •• Eliminating decimal point in divisor •• Averaging •• Annexing zeros to avoid remain­ ders­ •• Estimating quotients •• Comparing and repeating decimals •• Divisibility rules for dividing by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10 •• Rounding •• Fractions: •• Timed mastery •• Dividing a whole number, mixed number, or fraction by a fraction •• Changing fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions or mixed number hh Terminating decimals •• Dividing a fraction or mixed number by a whole number hh Repeating decimals •• Decimals: hh Converting repeating decimals to fractions •• Dividing a decimal by a whole number •• Eliminating decimal point in divisor Problem Solving & Applications •• Annexing zeros to avoid remainders •• Word problems: steps of problem-solving process hhIncluding zeros immediately to the right of decimal point in •• Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division ­quotient •• Fractions, money, measures •• Dividing by powers of ten •• Time, averages, decimals •• Geometry, graphs Fractions hh Equations, ratio, percent, proportion­ •• Parts of a whole or group •• One, two, three, and four steps •• Word problems: •• Mixed operations hhBroader, deeper understanding of concepts •• Eliminating unnecessary information­ •• Timed mastery hh Making a table •• Terms: numerator, denominator hh Conversion factors hh Using logic charts •• Types: hh Finding a pattern •• Proper, mixed, improper hh Testing a hunch •• Change to mixed number or whole number hh Making a sensible guess •• Change mixed number to an improper fraction hh Drawing a geometric model •• Simplifying: reducing and making proper hh Using proportions •• Addition with common and uncommon denominators •• Applications: •• Subtraction: hhBroader, deeper understanding of concepts: •• With common and uncommon denominators hhMeasures, Roman numerals, money, graphs, scale drawings, geometry •• With borrowing hhCharts, time, banking, ratio, proportion, reading meters (electric •• Multiplication: and gas) •• Using cancellation hhDiscount, interest, sales tax, profit, commission •• Multiplying a fraction with a whole or mixed number hhInstallment buying, planning ­budgets, amount of profit •• Multiplying two mixed numbers •• Equivalent fractions Time •• Division: •• Table of time: •• Of a whole number, mixed number, or fraction by a fraction or •• Second, minute, hour mixed number •• Day, week, month, year, leap year •• Of a fraction or a mixed number by a whole number •• Decade, score, century,­ millennium •• Changing fractions to decimals; decimals to fractions hh Time zones: •• Finding fractional part of whole hhPrime meridian hhInternational Date Line Decimals hhCoordinated Universal Time •• Money hh Daylight Savings Time •• Reading and writing: writing a fraction or decimal as a fraction hh Latitude •• Place value: hh Degrees •• To the thousandths’ place hhTo the millionths’ place Money •• Addition and subtraction: annexing zeros •• Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with dollar sign ($) and decimal point (.)

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Measures •• Area: •• Temperature: •• Formulas for: •• Reading and writing •• Rectangle, square •• Terms: degrees hhParallelogram, triangle, circle, complex shapes •• Celsius and Fahrenheit: freezing and boiling points of water; hh Circumference: formula normal body temperature hh Using a compass and protractor •• Conversions: Celsius to Fahrenheit; Fahrenheit to Celsius hh Constructions: circles, angles •• Length: hh Bisecting angles •• English: inch, foot, yard, mile hh Sliding, rotating, and flipping shapes •• Metric: millimeter, centimeter, decimeter,­ meter, decameter, •• Recognize models and symbols: ­hectometer, kilometer •• . (point); — line segment; ↔ line; → ray; ∠ angle •• Weight: hh|| parallel lines; triangle; ≅ congruent; ∩ arc; π pi •• English: ounce, pound, ton � •• Metric: milligram, centigram, decigram, gram, decagram, hecto- Percent, Ratio, Proportion gram, kilogram •• Recognize symbol: % (percent) •• Capacity: •• English: fluid ounces, cup, pint, uart,q gallon, peck, bushels, hh Reading and writing: ­teaspoon, tablespoon hhPercent as a fraction, decimal, ratio •• Metric: milliliter, centiliter, deciliter, liter, decaliter, hectoliter, kiloliter hhFraction as a percent •• Ordering measures: least to greatest hhDecimal as a percent •• Converting measures within the same system hh Subtracting from 100% •• Adding and subtracting unlike measures within the same system hh Word problems •• Square measure: •• Timed mastery •• English: square inches, square feet, square yards, square acres, hh Finding percentage: square miles hhOf a whole number hhMetric: cm2, m2, km2; hectares hhWhen the percent ends in a fraction; percent is over 100% •• Timed mastery hhBy comparison when the percent is given as more or less than •• Metric prefixes hhLess than 1% hh Compound measures: adding, subtracting, multiplying hh Estimating answers Graphing, Statistics, Probability hh Finding: •• Graphs: hhPercent by comparison •• Pictographs; bar, line graphs hhPercent of increase or decrease •• The rate of discount hhCircle, rectangle­ graphs hhPercent for circle graphs hhStatistics: range, mean, median, ranked •• Scale drawing •• Discounts hhAmount of profit hh Finding distance on maps •• Probability ratio •• Simple interest hhThe base Geometry hh Ratio: •• Plane figures: hhReading and writing •• Simple closed figure,polygon hhTerms: antecedent, consequent •• Quadrilateral: parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus, trapezoid hhEquivalent, word problems •• Pentagon, hexagon, ­heptagon, octagon hh Proportion: •• Triangle: right, isosceles, equilateral­ hhReading and writing •• Angles: hhTerms: means, extremes, cross products, word problems •• Right, acute, obtuse, straight Pre-Algebra hhIn a circle •• Lines: line segment, ray, intersecting lines; parallel and perpen­ •• Solving equations dicular lines •• Negative numbers •• Terms: •• Squares and square roots: •• Point, plane, vertex, congruent, similar, diagonal hhPerfect squares hhBase, radius, diameter, arc, degree, semicircle •• Exponents, bases, radical signs ( ) •• Perimeter of a polygon •• Order of operations: •• Formulas for: hhBroader, deeper understanding of concepts •• Rectangle, square •• Powers of ten hhParallelogram, triangle, ­irregular shapes hh Algebraic multiplication •• Converting measures to find perimeter hh Two-step equations 92 Sixth Grade History & Geography

6 6 New World History and Geography offers a Christian perspective on the history and geography of North and South America. It includes a chapter on Canada and a chapter on the recent events in the United States and around the world. Important geographical facts and historical documents that should be given special attention throughout the year are highlighted and placed for easy reference. By reading special-feature articles found throughout the text, students will learn about the lives and contributions of great missionaries and other well-known Christian leaders. ´/kF#w¨ abeka.com 15753803

Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Maps and important facts about each continent •• Map skills and activities worksheets (44): •• Printed quizzes (39) •• Comprehension checks (92) •• Chapter content review (7) •• Homework quizzes (6) •• Chapter checkups (18) •• Review of physical, political, and geographi­­cal •• Tests (11) •• Time line of important dates at beginning of features of Western Hemisphere (34) •• 9-weeks exam (4) each U.S. history chapter (9) •• Map skills (4) •• Atlas and geography facts •• Special feature boxes (25): •• Current event reports (12) memorized and evaluated on •• Historical concepts, events, and special interests •• Canadian Province Notebook: quizzes and tests •• People of history and missionary heroes that optional research project of a selected Canadian­ influenced Western Hemisphere countries ­province or territory highlighted throughout text •• Nation map project: optional

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History Study •• Missionaries to the American Indians: •• The first Americans and the land they found: •• John Eliot hhGreatest migration in history hhJohn Campanius •• Land the Americans settled: •• Roger Williams, David Brainerd •• Geography of North America •• Famous woodland Indians: hhGeography of Central and South America •• Sequoya •• How American Indians lived: education, food, clothing, shelter, hhJoseph Brant and Tecumseh recreation, religion •• The North American plains: •• North America: cold lands to the north: hhWorld’s largest prairie h hTrip to the North Pole hhAnimals of the prairie h hTundra (“Land of the Midnight Sun”): land, plants, animals hhSpecial geographical features of the land h hPeople of the tundra (Eskimos): traditional life, modern life hhPlains Indians hhNorthern woodlands: tall trees, animals •• The American West: hhIndians of the Far North: food, clothing, homes, religion, children, •• Rocky Mountains: modern life hhCordilleras Chain, the Great Divide, mountain flora and fauna •• Canada: the second largest country: hhIntermountain Region: plateaus and deserts hhVast lands to the north: sparsely settled hhDesert flora and fauna: hardy plants, variety of animals hhHighlights of Canadian history •• Pacific Ocean: hhMaritime provinces hhCoastal Regions hhQuebec and Ontario hhIndians of the West hhPrairie provinces •• The colonial heritage: hhBritish Columbia and Territories •• English colonize America: hhPeople, resources, and industry •• Spain and France hhCanadian government: constitutional monarchy, Prime Minister, •• England: John Cabot ­Parliament, Royal Canadian Mounted Police •• Roanoke •• The Eastern United States: •• Jamestown: •• Eastern coast and mountains •• London Company hhAtlantic Ocean facts, uses, fish •• Captain John Smith hhWoodland animals hhLord De La Warr •• Indians of the eastern woodlands: hhFree enterprise system hhHopewell Indians, Iroquois League of Five Nations, Southern Indians •• Indians the Pilgrims knew

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History Study cont. •• Expansion and evangelism: •• Pilgrims: lovers of religious freedom: •• Pioneers push farther west: •• Settling in Plymouth •• Daniel Boone and the Wilderness Road: •• Friends with the Indians hhCumberland Gap •• First Thanksgiving •• Settling the Northwest Territory hhThanksgiving of 1623 hhThe Erie Canal •• New England Colonies: •• Revival and missions: •• Massachusetts and the Puritans: •• Second Great Awakening: hhMassachusetts Bay Company and Charles I hhRichard Allen •• Massachusetts Bay Colony and Boston •• Beginnings of American missions hhOle’ Deluder Satan Act •• Christianity among black Americans: •• Roger Williams and Rhode Island •• Lott Carey, Colin Teague, Lemuel Haynes •• New Hampshire: fish and lumber hhJohn Jasper, Catherine Ferguson, John Chavis •• Connecticut: “Place of the Long River” •• From the Gulf of Mexico to the Rocky Mountains: •• New England: churches •• Purchasing and exploring Louisiana •• Middle Colonies: •• War of 1812: •• New York: hhTreaty of Ghent •• Settled by the Dutch •• United States gains Florida and the Southwest h hPatroon system •• From sea to sea: •• Delaware: New Sweden •• Gold Rush: •• Pennsylvania: hhJohn Marshall •• Quaker State •• Oregon Territory hhSociety of Friends •• New friends in Japan: hhMoravians and Count von Zinzendorf hhCommodore Matthew Perry, Samuel Wells Williams, and Jonathan •• New Jersey: haven of religious freedom Goble •• Southern Colonies: •• Division and reunion: •• Virginia: oldest colony •• Slavery, compromise •• Maryland: freedom for Catholics hhTariffs •• Carolinas: the Southern Plantation •• Georgia: last of the thirteen •• States’ rights •• The Great Awakening: hhAbolitionists: Harriet Beecher Stowe, Sojourner Truth •• Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield hhUnderground railroad and Harriet Tubman hhPhillis Wheatley •• Civil War begins: •• George Washington and the New World’s first republic: •• Fort Sumter, Emancipation Proclamation, Ulysses S. Grant, •• Young hero of the French and Indian War Robert E. Lee •• French settle New France hhStonewall Jackson •• French and Indian War: •• Important Civil War battles •• Fort le Boeuf and George Washington •• Gettysburg Address •• General Braddock •• Other events of Civil War times: hhFort Duquesne hhNational motto, new songs, American Red Cross •• Defeat at Quebec •• Gospel spreads, Pony Express, transcontinental railroad •• Threats to American Freedoms: •• Rebuilding the South: Booker T. Washington, George Washington •• King George III and the Stamp Act Carver •• The Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party •• The nation grows and prospers: hhThe Quebec Act •• Western frontier: Indians of the Great Plains, Homestead Act, •• Colonists prepare to fight Oklahoma Land Rush •• Fight for Independence hhFamous westerners: Buffalo Bill, Annie Oakley •• Independence for America hhJames Garfield •• Building a new nation: •• Immigration, revival, industry hhCivil government •• Inventions: new ways to do things hhThree branches of government hhNorbert Rillieux hhRights and responsibilities of Americans hhGranville T. Woods •• New frontiers: Alaska, Hawaii •• Spanish-American War: Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico

94 History & Geography cont. p. 95 Sixth Grade

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History Study cont. hh Mexico and Central America: •• Into the twentieth century: hhMiddle America h hhOur country in 1900 hMexico (land of the Aztecs): geography, many climates, natural resources, people, cities,­ recreation, government hhMajor world power hhCentral America (land in ­between): hhEducation, religion hhMayans: builders of civilization hhMasters of invention and technology hhClimate, natural resources, wildlife hhHall of Fame for Great Americans hhCountries of Central America hhPresident Theodore Roosevelt: hh West Indies—Islands of the Caribbean: hhChildhood, public servant, Great White Fleet hhLand of discovery: rich heritage, from colonial days to modern days •• 26th President, Rough Riders, Panama Canal hhExploring the West Indies: islands of mountains and coral, colorful hhDiscovery of the North Pole creatures on land and in the sea, climate, industry hhSinking of the Titanic hhCuba: country under Communist dictatorship, desire and need for •• World War I capitalism •• Between the World Wars: hh South America: •• Great Depression and plans for peace that failed hhExploring South America: tropical climate and opposite seasons, hhChallenges to Christianity many nations and varied geography, animal life, abundant national •• Fighting for freedom: resources •• World between the wars: hhThe Amazon and its peoples •• Russia: Communism hhHighlights of South American history: Incas, rule by Spain and Portu- •• Italy: Fascism gal, struggle for independence, South America’s greatest need •• Germany: National Socialism hh Nations of South America: hhJapan: Militarism hhPeru: land of Incas hhWorld War II: many wars in one hhEcuador hhU.S. enters World War II: hhBolivia: country with two capitals hhJapanese-American patriots hhColombia, Venezuela, and the Three Guianas hhBenjamin O. Davis, Jr. hhBrazil (giant of the south): land of the Amazon, historical events, hhGeneral Douglas MacArthur prosperous economy, people, cities •• Continuing world problems: United Nations, spread of Commu- hhArgentina: land of pampas, granary of the south nism, Berlin divided, Israel becomes a nation, Korean War hhChile: where land ends •• Time for freedom and responsibility: hhParaguay: from prosperity to poverty •• Years of prosperity and opportunity: hhUruguay: industrious little ­country •• Post-war boom Geography Study •• Advances in technology •• Atlas facts memorized: •• Freedom and opportunity for all Americans: •• 9 maps, both physical and political, cover hemispheres, continents, hhJackie Robinson and Mel Martinez oceans •• Preserving freedom in an age of big government: •• Western Hemisphere: location of straits, bays, gulfs, rivers, lakes, •• Proper role of government waterfalls, islands, peninsulas and isthmuses, mountain ranges, •• President Eisenhower mountain peaks, deserts, and highlands •• President Kennedy: hhMap mastery countries and cities for the Western Hemisphere: hhNew frontier hhCanada: 13 provinces and territories,­ 8 cities •• President Johnson: hhMiddle America: 20 countries and dependencies, 12 cities hhGreat Society hhSouth America: 13 countries, 9 cities •• Return to peace through strength: Ronald Reagan, decline of the •• Geography facts memorized: “Evil Empire” •• Geography terms over land and sea forms (68) •• Advances for freedom: Operation Desert Storm, collapse of the •• Climate zones Soviet Union •• Using latitude and longitude •• Twentieth century comes to a close: hhNationwide moral decline: Memory Work •• 6 documents: hhDeclining academics and school violence •• The American’s Creed hhWhitewater investigation •• Into the new millennium: •• Portion of The Declaration of Independence •• Terrorism strikes again 9/11, “War on Terror” •• Preamble to the Constitution •• War in Afghanistan •• First Amendment to the ­Constitution •• Natural disasters •• The Rights of Americans •• Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address hhAxis of evil, War in Iraq •• States and capitals hhIllegal immigration, election 2008 •• 44 U.S. Presidents 95 Sixth Grade Science Added Enrichment •• Worksheets (24) including: labeling diagrams, identification, 6 6 Observing God’s World is an excellent bridge between elementary and junior high or chapter content review middle school science. This memorable text presents the universe as the direct creation •• Suggested: Fourth Edition of God and refutes the man-made idea of evolution.  •• Review games (13)  Observing God’s World features photos, art, and charts that clearly illustrate the science •• DVDs (2) concepts being taught. Students will apply what they have learned by doing projects •• Adopt-a-Tree poster and experiments both at home and at school. Some of the topics students will study •• Astronomy report ´/j&"x¨ 15740602 abeka.com include invertebrates, plants, forces of the earth, the universe, space travel, and matter and chemistry. Evaluation •• Printed quizzes (25) •• Homework quizzes (9)  red indicates first introduction of content. •• Tests (8) •• 9-weeks exam (3)

Plants •• Selected conifers: •• Leaves: •• Pines, hemlocks, firs, spruces: h hhPhotosynthesis in detail, leaf anatomy, tendrils, spines, bulbs, hSpecific examples insectivorous plants hhDouglas firs •• Roots and stems: hhLarches: tamarack hhShoot system, taproot, root cap, root hairs hhRedwoods: giant sequoia, General Sherman tree, bald cypress, hhEpiphytes, cellulose, cell wall knees h hhStolon or “runner,” rhizomes, thorns hCypresses: cedars, junipers, western red cedar, cedar of Lebanon •• Flower, fruit, and seed: •• Palms: •• Flower structure: hhFronds hhBud, bracts, ovary, ovules, stigma •• Coconuts hhProcess of fertilization •• Plant surprises: •• Fruits: •• Ferns: hhDevelopment and scientific definition •• Spores •• Conditions for seed growth hhFern anatomy: spore cases, rhizoids, fronds •• Seed structure: hhTree fern hhCotyledons •• Mosses: h hhHybrid hMoss anatomy •• Plant families you should know: hhPeat moss •• Composite family •• Algae: h hhPea, rose, lily, grass families: hDiatoms, diatomite, dinoflagellates, flagella, filamentous algae hhCereal grass, turf grass, woody grass •• Seaweeds: blades, air sacs, holdfasts •• Trees: •• Kelp h hhPerennials, annuals, biennials hAlgin •• Notable trees: •• Carrageenan hhCalifornia redwood •• Fungi: h hhBanyan, candlewood, and baobab trees hSaprophytes •• Bristlecone pine •• Parasites h hhCambium, tree bark hMycelium, hyphae •• Annual growth rings •• Molds and mildews: •• Broadleaf trees: hhStructure and characteristics hhHardwoods •• Penicillin •• Deciduous •• Mushroom: •• Selected broadleaf trees: hhStructure: fruiting body •• Maples, elms oaks: •• Yeast h hhSpecific examples, Dutch elm disease hSlime molds, lichens hhBirches, willows: specific examples Activities & Demonstrations: •• Conifers: hhRecognizing leaf shapes hhTypes of cones, conifer pollination hhColoring carnations hhCharacteristics contrasted with broadleaf trees hhDemonstrating tropism in plants •• Evergreens hhDissecting a flower hhMaking bark rubbings hhWorking with yeasts hhHunting mushrooms •• Producing bread mold spores 96 Science cont. p. 97 Sixth Grade

Added Enrichment Science cont.  red indicates first introduction of content. •• Worksheets (24) including: labeling diagrams, identification, chapter content review Invertebrates •• Jellyfish: •• Suggested: •• Classification: •• Stinging cells hhLife cycle: larva, polyp, medusa •• Review games (13) hhKingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species, scientific •• Portuguese man-of-war •• DVDs (2) name •• Protozoans: •• Adopt-a-Tree poster •• Vertebrate, invertebrate hhGod’s design for variety in the world of invertebrates •• Astronomy report •• Insects: hhCell parts: cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, nucleus, hhGeneral characteristics of anthropods ­chromosomes Evaluation •• Insect anatomy: •• Printed quizzes (25) hhAmoeba: pseudopods, food vacuole hhTracheae, air sacs hhParamecium: cilia •• Homework quizzes (9) •• Metamorphosis: hhRelationship between protozoans and humans; discovery of •• Tests (8) •• Complete ­protozoans •• 9-weeks exam (3) hhIncomplete hh Science and great Christians: Jonathan Edwards hhClassification Activities & Demonstrations: hhFamiliar orders of insects: Orthoptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, hhObserving spiders and their ways Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera hhSnorkeling for sea invertebrates •• Spiders: •• Making exhibits: hhArachnids, book lung, details of silk production and use •• Insect •• Selection of spiders: hhArachnid, crustacean, earthworm, ­mollusk, ocean, protozoan hhTrap-weaving, ambushing, and hunting spiders •• Swimming spiders: Geology hhFishing spider •• Earth’s structure: •• Water spider •• Crust, mantle, core: hhTarantulas, Goliath birdeater hhMoho hh Other arachnids: harvestman, scorpions, ticks, mites •• Chemical and physical weathering •• Crustaceans: hhMovements of the crust, plates, mid-oceanic ridges •• Regeneration, plankton hh Earthquakes: tsunami, tremor, seismology, fault, focus, epicenter, •• Crabs, lobsters, shrimp: magnitude, Richter scale, seismic belts hhAnatomy, specific examples •• Volcanoes: •• Barnacles •• Magma hhKrill, wood lice hhMagma chamber, vent, Ring of Fire, fumaroles hh Centipedes and millipedes •• Lava •• Worms: hhTephra: volcanic ash, bombs and blocks, lapilli •• Earthworms: hhClassification: hhCastings hhBy formation: shield, cinder cone, composite, caldera hh Parasitic worms: leeches, tapeworms, roundworms hhBy activity: active, dormant, extinct •• Mollusks: hhBy kind of eruption: Hawaiian, Strombolian, Plinian hhMantle •• Igneous rocks: •• Snails and slugs: hhExtrusive, intrusive hhGastropods •• Sedimentary rocks: •• Univalves hhMechanical, chemical, and organic sediments; breccia, halite, gypsum •• Cowrie, conch •• Metamorphic rocks: hhNudibranch hhFoliated and unfoliated •• Bivalves •• Gems: •• Cephalopods: hhPrecious and semiprecious stones •• Jet propulsion; octopus, squid •• Diamond: hhCuttlefish, nautilus hhDiamond pipe •• Strange sea specimens: •• Ruby •• Sea stars: rays, tube feet hhSapphire, emerald, red spinel •• Sea urchins: •• Metals: hhSand dollar hhPrecious metal hhSea lily, feather star, sea cucumber •• Gold, silver hhSponge hhPlatinum •• Sea anemone •• Iron: hhCoral polyp hhSteel hhHydra •• Copper: brass, bronze hhAluminum 97 Science cont. p. 98 Sixth Grade

Science cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Geology cont. •• Smaller space travelers: •• Fossil fuels: hhAsteroids, comets •• Coal: •• Meteors: hhMeteorite, impacts hhTypes of coal: anthracite, bituminous, sub-bituminous, lignite hhCoal mining: surface mining, overburden, underground mining Activities & Demonstrations: •• Petroleum: hhObserving friction hhDrawing ellipses hhCrude oil, hydrocarbons hhStudying the tail of a comet hhFinding, recovering, and refining petroleum: fractional distillation hhLearning meteor shower schedules •• Caves: hhCavern, speleology Exploring Space h hCave types: sea cave, lava cave, solution cave •• Understanding light: •• Limestone: hhElectromagnetic wave hhCalcium carbonate •• Speed of light •• Cave formations: hhFrequency, wavelength, electromagnetic spectrum •• Stalactites, stalagmites •• Instruments of astronomy: hhSoda straws, columns, draperies, flowstones, moon milk, cave •• Refracting and reflecting telescope, Hubble Space telescope rafts, cave pearls hhAdaptive optics; spectroscope, radio telescopes hhLife in caves: trogloxenes, troglophiles, troglobites •• Principles of space flight: •• Earth’s magnetic field: •• Astronauts •• Basics of magnetism hhObjects and satellites in orbit hhMagnetic vs. geographic poles of Earth hh Sir Isaac Newton: discoverer of God’s laws hhThe source of Earth’s magnetism: electromagnet hh Race to the moon: Sputnik and Explorer I, Gemini and Apollo pro- •• The magnetosphere: solar wind, auroras grams Activities & Demonstrations: hh Space stations: Salyut, Skylab, Mir, International Space Station hh Space shuttle and beyond: private space flights, return trips to moon •• Demonstrating: hh Satellites and space probes: communication, weather, navigational, •• Weathering from water and plants earth observation, military, and astronomical satellites; space probes hhWeathering from chemicals hh Exploring: hh Making a volcano hhInner planets: detailed description of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars h hDemonstrating: hhOuter planets: detailed description of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune hhIgneous rock textures with fudge hh Space explorers: William and Caroline Herschel hhStratification of sedimentary rock •• Origin of the universe: God created •• Growing salt crystals; rock hounding; testing for calcium carbonate Activities & Demonstrations: hhGrowing stalactites •• Observing: reflection and refraction; the sights in night sky God’s Great Universe Matter & Chemistry •• What space is like: vacuum, temperature extremes •• Materials and matter: •• Galaxies: •• Mass, weight, density •• Galaxy, Milky Way hhMeasuring density hhLocal group; notable galaxies, supercluster •• Atoms: h hGalactic shapes: spiral, barred spiral, elliptical, irregular hhAnatomy of an atom hhNebulae •• Electrons •• Constellations: hhProtons, neutrons, atomic number h hCassiopeia, Cepheus, Andromeda, Pegasus, Cygnus, Draco, Taurus, hh Elements: definition of an ­element, selected elements Sagittarius, Centaurus •• Groups of elements: •• Stars: hhPeriodic table, metals, nonmetals, semimetals •• Structure and atmosphere of the sun: hhAlkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases hhGranule, spicule, solar prominence, solar flare •• Molecules and compounds: hhLight year, star magnitude, colors and categories, supernova hhDefinition of compound, formulas of compounds, nonmolecular hh Early ideas in astronomy: earth-centered universe, sun-centered compounds ­universe, ellipse, three laws of planetary motion, gravity hhNonionic crystals, compounds vs. mixtures, chemical reactions •• Exploring the solar system: overview of planets, moons •• Robert Boyle: pioneer of modern chemistry •• Earth: revolution, rotation, atmosphere, ozone layer, greenhouse effect Activities & Demonstrations: •• Moon: lunar month, phases, the moon and tides hhObserving elements hhSeparating mixtures hhObserving chemical reactions

98 Sixth Grade Health

6 6 Choosing Good Health places special emphasis on the study of the endocrine, immune, and ner- vous systems. Students become familiar with major health concerns such as drug abuse and AIDS,

Third Edition and discover the physical, mental, social, and spiritual effects of these problems on the individual and on the nation. A proper attitude toward safety is stressed in Choosing Good Health, teaching students personal responsibility for safety behavior. Students learn to recognize symptoms requir-

  ing emergency aid and practice basic first-aid procedures for minor injuries.  ´/ji!o¨  abeka.com 15747301 Added Enrichment Evaluation •• Worksheets (11) including: chapter content review; •• Demonstrations (2): checking your pulse; •• Printed quizzes (8) body systems content; locating and identifying checking your field of vision •• Homework quizzes (2) body systems and parts •• Review games (17) •• Tests (4) •• Physical exercises (15) •• Optional CD and DVD •• Mental exercises (7)  red indicates first introduction of content.

Safety & First Aid •• Microbes, viruses, bacteria •• Safety: •• Skin layers, mucus membrane, cilia •• Personal safety: •• Protein products: •• Poison prevention •• Disease fighters: antibodies •• Electrical shock, fire and burn prevention •• Protection through prevention: •• Passenger safety •• Vaccines: •• Strangers: •• Healthful foods: •• Recreational safety: •• Prevent rickets, osteoporosis •• Bicycle and walking safety •• Rest and sleep, daily exercise •• Water safety: •• Nervous system: •• Dealing with poisonous plants, ticks, and poisonous snakes •• Peripheral nervous system: •• Environmental safety in: •• Involuntary actions •• Thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes: •• Nerves and senses: •• First Aid: •• Taste buds •• Basic first aid: •• Optic nerve •• Sports aid: muscles and bones: •• Drug use and abuse: •• Strain, sprain •• Simple and compound fracture: •• Use of drugs: •• Skin-deep irritations: •• Helpful drugs, antibiotics •• Abrasions •• Abuse of drugs: •• Nosebleeds, insect stings, contact poisoning •• Spiritual life: spiritual food, spiritual exercise, spiritual rest hhCritical conditions: •• Not breathing: hhChoking: Heimlich maneuver •• Poison: •• Substance swallowed •• Poison bite: hhBurns: Growth & Fitness •• Your changing body: hhMaintaining an active lifestyle: •• Importance of good nutrition: balanced diet, vitamins, minerals •• Physical fitness needed: •• Circulatory system: aerobic exercises •• Respiratory system: alveoli, diaphragm •• Muscular system: •• Muscle names

Growth & Fitness cont. A Healthy Mind & Body •• Your body’s defenses: •• Immunity and disease-causing microorganisms: 99 Health cont. p. 100 Sixth Grade

Health cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Bible

  anie Sixth graders are looking for heroes, and they will find many to pattern their lives after as they D Flash-a-CardL study such outstanding Old Testament figures as Daniel, Elijah, and Esther. They will also learn Evaluation many important values by studying stories such as the parables of Jesus. These stories teach •• Graded memory verse students about being compassionate, having faith in God’s provision, knowing that God still passages (8) loves His wayward children, anticipating Christ’s return, and praying for specific things. Those at- •• Content tests (5) tributes are just a few important truths that each sixth grader will learn and can apply to his life.

6 Lessons • 32 Cards 1 Daniel’s Daring Decision 2 Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream of World Empires 3 Deliverance from the Fiery Furnace 4 The Humbling of Nebuchadnezzar 5 The Handwriting on the Wall 6 Daniel in the Lions’ Den ´.*z3i¨ Lesson Guide Included 14109019 abeka.com  red indicates first introduction of content.

Lessons 435 A Beka Flash-a-Cards Music 54 songs •• Salvation Series (5 lessons) •• Choruses, hymns of the faith, and holiday and patriotic songs including: •• Life of Christ Series (36): First Christmas; Boyhood and Early hh20 new hymns and songs; 8 new choruses Ministry of Jesus; Jesus Heals and Helps; Later Ministry of Jesus; Crucifixion and Resurrection Memory Work hh New individual verses (13); passages (9) containing 31 verses •• Parables of Jesus Series 1 and 2 (12) •• Review verses (86) •• Elijah (6); Daniel (6); Esther (5); Ezra and Nehemiah (7) •• The First Thanksgiving

100 Bible cont. p. 101 Sixth Grade

Bible cont.  red indicates first introduction of content.

Doctrinal Drill 60 questions/answers Prayer Time •• Increase Bible knowledge of basic doctrines: the Bible, God, sin, •• Learn to pray with thanks­giving for each other, our nation, those in salvation, heaven, assurance of salvation authority over us •• 8 questions with verses to memorize­ as answers Sword Drills •• Learn to quickly find 114 Old and New Testament references

Music

Songs We Enjoy 6 brings together traditional, patriotic, holiday, and fun songs that have become a part of our American heritage. Historical and cultural information, definitions for unfamiliar words, and other enrichment ideas are included throughout this book. The sing-along CD makes song time easy for the teacher and enjoyable for the students.

´0K%!4¨ abeka.com 16430501  red indicates first introduction of content.

Skills Development 66 songs •• Improve coordination skills with songs that require hand motions •• Follow a song leader while singing with class or CD •• Learn historical facts through patriotic, folk, and Americana songs hh Define and understand 37 unfamiliar words and phrases in lyrics Variety of Songs to Memorize •• Sing in rounds and echo sing; sing with dynamic contrasts •• Folk, patriotic, ­Americana, fun, holiday, songs at sea, spirituals, and hymns

Arts & Crafts Added Enrichment

6 6 Art C encourages students to keep drawing and creating their own works of art. •• Introduction to influential artists: As they follow the step-by-step format, students will be excited with their increasing N. C. Wyeth, Adam Clague, Thomas Third Edition Sully, Bonnie Kwan Huo, and Brian Jekel watercolor techniques ability to draw. They will learn new art concepts such as two-point perspective Basic drawing and painting techniques, gure color concepts, and perspective drawing •• Art forms: woodcut, origami, abstract, yarn colored-pencil modeling rendering and composition. In addition to using mixed media to create collages and three- calligraphy, collage, still life, and land- tissue collage dimensional sculptures, students will use colored pencils and watercolor paints or scapes   markers. Students will also become acquainted with different styles of art by study- •• Introduction to popular prints and works drawing people ing the work of accomplished artists.

´/lv!3¨  15768601 abeka.com    ART SERIES  red indicates first introduction of content.

Skill &Concept Development 38 projects Technique Development •• Value (12) •• Drawing: hh Perspective: one- and two-point; foreshortening (7) •• Sketching, shading, shapes (4) hh Proportion: facial, body; size distance relations (6) hhFigures (1) •• Analogous, primary, secondary, and intermediate hues (17) •• Animated expression and cartoons (1) •• Complements (3) hhOverlapping (1) hh Composition (3) •• Enlarging (1) •• Symmetry (2) •• Modeling: hh Mood: using color (1) hhMixed-media shaping (5) •• Painting: •• Washes, watercolors (4) hhMasks (2) •• Resists (1) hhStreaking, dabbing (3) •• Spattering (2) hhDry brushing (2) •• Chalking (2) 101