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01 May IAS BUZZ Current Affairs Magazine APRIL 2020

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01 May IAS BUZZ Current Affairs Magazine APRIL 2020 IASBUZZ APRIL 2020 EDITION BrainyIAS (84594-00000) Contents GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 4 The Science of Earthquakes ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Eastern Ghats As Cultural Heritage ......................................................................................................................... 10 Plate Tectonics ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 POLITY AND GOVERNANCE .......................................................................................................................................... 21 Caste System In India ............................................................................................................................................... 21 Political Parties Under RTI ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Water Policy Of India And Water Crises In India ..................................................................................................... 27 Self Help Groups (SHGs) .......................................................................................................................................... 30 Lok Adalat And Revitalising Rural Area .................................................................................................................... 34 Domestic Violence In The Time Of Lockdown ......................................................................................................... 38 Competition Commission of India (CCI) ................................................................................................................... 39 Top 10 NGOs In India: Making A Difference ............................................................................................................ 42 40 Landmark Judgements That Changed The Course Of India (Part1) .................................................................... 44 ACTS AND BILLS ........................................................................................................................................................... 49 Pre-conception & Pre-natal Diagnostics Techniques (PC & PNDT) Act, 1994.......................................................... 49 Wage Code Bill ......................................................................................................................................................... 50 ECONOMY .................................................................................................................................................................... 56 Land Reforms In India .............................................................................................................................................. 56 Industrial Revolution ............................................................................................................................................... 59 What Is Keynesian Economics?................................................................................................................................ 61 Share Market Explained ........................................................................................................................................... 64 Balance of payments (BOP) and Exchange Rate System (Part 1) ............................................................................ 70 Balance of payments (BOP) and Exchange Rate System (Part 2) ............................................................................ 75 Taxation System Of India ......................................................................................................................................... 78 Balance Of Payments ............................................................................................................................................... 82 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................ 87 Nano Technology ..................................................................................................................................................... 87 Cryptocurrency Ban In India .................................................................................................................................... 89 Artificial Intelligence (AI) ......................................................................................................................................... 91 Infodemic and Google thinking................................................................................................................................ 93 India As Pharmacy Of The World ............................................................................................................................. 97 SECURITY.................................................................................................................................................................... 100 www.brainyias.com BrainyIAS (84594-00000) Naxalism In India.................................................................................................................................................... 100 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND GLOBAL ISSUES ........................................................................................................ 104 Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG) and India’s Membership ....................................................................................... 104 COVID-19 And Diplomatic Relations ...................................................................................................................... 106 WHO funding and USA ........................................................................................................................................... 108 Reports Published By Different Organisations ...................................................................................................... 110 World Trade Organization (WTO)-Part 1 ............................................................................................................... 111 World Trade Organisation (WTO) Part-2 ............................................................................................................... 113 World Trade Organization (WTO) Part-3 ............................................................................................................... 118 ETHICS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 123 Techonology Ethics ................................................................................................................................................ 123 Media Ethics .......................................................................................................................................................... 125 Education System And Values ............................................................................................................................... 127 HISTORY AND CULTURE ............................................................................................................................................. 130 Classical Languages Of India .................................................................................................................................. 130 www.brainyias.com BrainyIAS (84594-00000) GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY The Science of Earthquakes Topics covered Earthquakes and its mechanism Types of earthquakes Sesmic waves (P-Waves, S-Waves, R-Waves, L-Waves) Swarms Reasons and place of origin Measuring earthquakes Shadow zones Earthquake perdiction Wadati–Benioff zone: Earthquakes along the Convergent boundary Distribution of earthquakes in the world and in India What Is An Earthquake? An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Seismic waves studies offer a full picture of the layered interior. Sometimes an earthquake has foreshocks. The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock. Mainshocks always have aftershocks that follow. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same place as the mainshock. Depending on the size of the mainshock, aftershocks can continue for weeks, months, and even years after the mainshock Types of Earthquakes Tectonic earthquakes: The most common form of earthquakes, it is caused by the movement of loose fragmented pieces of land on earth’s crust knowns as tectonic plates. Volcanic earthquake: The less prevalent compared to the tectonic variety, these earthquakes happen before or after the eruption of a volcano. It is caused when magma leaving the volcano are filled by rocks being pushed to the surface. Collapse earthquake: This earthquake occurs in underground mines. The main cause is due to pressure generated within
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