Robin A. Kingston Master of Fine Arts (Visual Art)
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‘The Un-limiting Conditions’: An Investigation into the Roles of Intuitive and Rational Thought in the Construction of Abstract Painting. An exegesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Robin A. Kingston Master of Fine Arts (Visual Art) School of Art Portfolio of Design and Social Context RMIT University June 2007 Volume Two Declaration I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official commencement date of the approved research program; and, any editorial work, paid or unpaid, carried out by a third party is acknowledged. Robin A. Kingston June 2007 Acknowledgements I extend my personal thanks and gratitude for their assistance to: My supervisors Dr. Sophia Errey and Dr. David Thomas My family My colleagues Contents List of Illustrations ii Introduction 1 Chapter One: The Nature of My Practice Beginnings 8 Overview of my Practice 13 Drawing: The Trace from the Mind to the Hand 21 Materials, Marks and Forms: The Signification of Process 34 Painting: Paint as a Finely Tuned Antenna for the Body/Hand of the Artist 42 Chapter Two: The Attentive Mind Game Intuition and Conscious Thought 53 Chapter Three: Personal Methods Repeat with Variations: Serial/Repetition 80 Play 99 The Performative 110 Chapter Four: Painting the Space Painting and Context 120 Conclusion 146 Bibliography 154 List of Illustrations. Page. 1. Albert Pinkham Ryder. Moonlight Marine 10 2. Milton Avery. Onrushing Wave Detail 11 3. Charles Burchfield. Winter Moonlight 11 4. Myron Stout. Untitled 12 5. Myron Stout. Untitled 12 8. Robin Kingston. Untitled red/green 15 9. Fabric, in Polly Apfelbaum’s studio 16 6. Sol LeWitt, Wall Drawing #51 18 7. Sol LeWitt. Wall Drawing #358 18 8. Sol LeWitt. Execution of Wall Drawing #123 19 9. Robin Kingston. Untitled Drawing 2000 22 10. Robin Kingston. Untitled red/black grid 23 11. Robin Kingston. Untitled orange grid/white ground 23 12. Robin Kingston. Untitled, February 25 13. Robin Kingston. Large Horizontal Painting, 2006 25 14. Robin Kingston. Early stage of drawing 2006, Detail 26 15. Robin Kingston. Final stage of drawing 2006. Detail 27 16. Robin Kingston. Untitled. Nagy. #1. Detail 28 17. Agnes Martin. Wood 29 18. Agnes Martin. Untitled 33 19. Robin Kingston. Untitled watery green grid. Detail 35 20. Cy Twombly. School of Athens 37 21. Richard Tuttle. 20 Pearls. (14) 38 22. Richard Tuttle. Work at Brent Sikkema Gallery 38 23. Richard Tuttle. Fiction Fish 40 24. Robin Kingston. Drawing. 2006 45 25. Robin Kingston. Untitled. Nagy # 46 26. Thomas Nozkowski. Untitled (7-8) 50 27. Thomas Nozkowski. Untitled. (8-27) 50 28. Thomas Nozkowski. Untitled (8-45) 51 29. Thomas Nozkowski. Untitled. (8 – 56) 51 30. Tantra Drawing. Udaïpur 54 31. Hilma af Klint. Group Series SUW. Swan no 17 55 32. Hilma af Klint. From The Blue Books, No. 5 58 33. Hilma af Klint, Parcifal Series, Group 2, Section 4: The Convolute of the Physical Plane, Outwards 58 34. Jessica Stockholder’s work at Gorney, Bravin + Lee 60 35. Robin Kingston. Bell’s Hill 62 36. Robin Kingston. Bell’s Hill. Detail 62 37. Robin Kingston. Window 63 38. Marion Milner. Summer Morning 65 39. Marion Milner. Summer Beeches 65 40. Tantra Drawing. Untitled. Jaïpur 68 41. Tantra Drawing. Untitled. Bikaner 69 42. Robin Kingston. Drawing on studio wall. Detail 73 43. Robin Kingston. Untitled Painting 73 44. Robin Kingston. Untitled Drawing 73 45. Robin Kingston. Daylight falling on the wall 75 ii 46. Robin Kingston. Studio installation of paintings 76 47. Robin Kingston. Detail of studio installation above 76 48. Robin Kingston. Tight Blue Grid 81 49. Robin Kingston. On the Wall. Detail 81 50. Robin Kingston. Before and After. Studio ‘drawing’ 82 51. Robin Kingston. Untitled 83 52. Robin Kingston. Untitled 83 53. Kolo Moser. Amsel. Fabric Sample 85 54. Dagobert Peche. Wierner-Werkstätte’s Zurich Salesroom 86 55. Sonia Delaunay. Sketch for a fabric pattern 86 56. Dagobert Peche. Falte. Fabric design 86 57. Dagobert Peche. Kardinal. Length of fabric 86 58. Sèvres Vase. Detail 87 59. James Siena. Four Nesting Spirals 89 60. James Siena. Three Combs (Boustrophedonic) 89 61. Sol LeWitt. Wall Drawing #696 91 62. Sol LeWitt. Wall Drawing #696 91 63. Sol LeWitt. Wall Drawing #896. Christies Lobby 95 64. Robin Kingston. Untitled. Trail off Grid. #5 96 65. Robin Kingston. Studio Wall 1. Detail 102 66. Robin Kingston. Studio Wall 2. Detail 102 67. Robin Kingston. Studio Wall 3. Detail 103 68. Robin Kingston. Studio Wall 4. Detail 103 69. Robin Kingston. Studio Wall 5. Detail 104 70. Robin Kingston. Two Drawings Juxtaposed 107 71. Robin Kingston. Untitled. On the Wall. Wall painting 108 72. Robin Kingston. An Exact Copy. Installation view 122 73. Robin Kingston. An Exact Copy. Installation view 122 74. Jessica Stockholder. Vortex in the Play of Theatre with 124 Real Passion: In Memory of Kay Stockholder 75. Judy Pfaff. Rock/Paper/ Scissors. Installation view 126 76. Katherina Grosse. Untitled. 1999. Installation view 127 77. Fred Sandback. Untitled 129 (Sculptural Study – Seventeen Part Right Angled Construction) 78. Fred Sandback. Alternate view of above 129 79. Richard Tuttle. Inside the Still Pure Form 131 80. Robin Kingston. Untitled Wall Painting 134 81. Robin Kingston. Untitled Wall Painting. Detail 134 82. Robin Kingston. On the Wall. Oil on linen paintings 135 83. Robin Kingston. On the Wall. Framed Drawings 135 84. Robin Kingston. On the Wall. Large Drawings installation 135 85. Robin Kingston. Untitled. On the Wall. Wall painting 136 86. Richard Wright. Untitled. 2000 137 87. Richard Wright. Untitled. 2000. Detail 137 88. Robin Kingston. Untitled.Gossard. Installation view 139 89. Robin Kingston. Untitled.Gossard. Detail 139 90. Robin Kingston. Untitled.Gossard Corridor 140 91. Robin Kingston. Untitled.Gossard Corridor 140 Detail of light moving over wall painting 92. Robin Kingston. Untitled (for Sol). 2007. 141 iii 93. Robin Kingston. Untitled (for Sol). Detail 142 94. Kazimir Malevich. Study for the décor of the opera 143 Victory over the Sun 95. Robin Kingston. The Un-limiting Conditions 143 96. Robin Kingston. Where Things Stop and Start 145 97. Robin Kingston. Untitled. Gossard. Detail 150 98. Robin Kingston. Untitled (for Sol). Installation view 153 iv Introduction This project has addressed the use of intuitive and rational thought in the construction of contemporary abstract painting and more particularly my painting practice. I am an abstract painter. My artwork is not an abstraction derived from realism or the figurative. It arises from another vocabulary of making an artwork, and from an inner impulse I name intuition rising from a subjective response. I also use a formal visual vocabulary. Its use corresponds with rational thought in my work and incorporates elements including line, colour, scale, form, rhythm, interval, touch, gesture and surface that are components of content expressing order, complexity and sensibility. The construction of the artwork is a contemplative1 process, which aims to enable viewers to become aware of their own looking through a vocabulary associated with the making of the work. This vocabulary is diverse and includes issues such as the choice of materials and their inherent qualities, the support and structure of visual forms and strategies of application including chance, risk, play and forgetting. After completing art school in Australia, my art education intensified when I travelled overseas for the first time at nineteen. It was a revelation. There was the realisation that it was essential to spend a considerable period of time in a place that afforded me contact with significant contemporary and historical artworks. New York was and still is that destination;2 I have lived in New York for ten years and make annual trips. Australian art, both historical and contemporary, is not the major source informing my painting. My experience has given me a unique understanding of the development of contemporary abstraction through developments in New York, which were influenced by the migration of artists such as Mondrian and De Kooning from Europe. The city also has been an important hub for contemporary art and the opportunity to see major collections and to learn directly from them has, for me, been vital. My practice has been informed from first hand experience of art works - standing in front of them, walking through the site of display, experiencing the scale, presence and nuances of the work. The chance to see work for myself, rather than it 1 I define contemplation as a mental state where one looks and thinks deeply about something or considers with ongoing attention. 2 Since 2002 I have coordinated and led the RMIT, New York Study Tour, which provides the opportunity for an annual three-week visit to refresh the connection and make further discoveries. 1 being filtered through other secondary sources has been of prime importance, allowing the experience of the work to enter into my consciousness and memory, quickly and at other times slowly. The actual experience of the artwork becomes immersive for the viewer and this experiential nature of painting has come to constitute important content in my painting. Such direct experience is difficult to convey through photography as I was reminded when viewing the Brice Marden retrospective.3 Photographs in the catalogue of his early body of painting, present the work as monochromatic, with smooth surfaces. The work does not translate well in documentation and, indeed, is completely misrepresented. On viewing the actual paintings they are haptic4 and sensuous, displaying evidence of the decisions, physical and mental, used in constructing them.