Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN: Beyond the Standard Model Working Group Report
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Freeze-In Dark Matter from a Minimal B-L Model and Possible Grand
PHYSICAL REVIEW D 101, 115022 (2020) Freeze-in dark matter from a minimal B − L model and possible grand unification Rabindra N. Mohapatra1 and Nobuchika Okada 2 1Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA (Received 5 May 2020; accepted 5 June 2020; published 17 June 2020) We show that a minimal local B − L symmetry extension of the standard model can provide a unified description of both neutrino mass and dark matter. In our model, B − L breaking is responsible for neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism, whereas the real part of the B − L breaking Higgs field (called σ here) plays the role of a freeze-in dark matter candidate for a wide parameter range. Since the σ particle is unstable, for it to qualify as dark matter, its lifetime must be longer than 1025 seconds implying that the B − L gauge coupling must be very small. This in turn implies that the dark matter relic density must arise from the freeze-in mechanism. The dark matter lifetime bound combined with dark matter relic density gives a lower bound on the B − L gauge boson mass in terms of the dark matter mass. We point out parameter domains where the dark matter mass can be both in the keV to MeV range as well as in the PeV range. We discuss ways to test some parameter ranges of this scenario in collider experiments. Finally, we show that if instead of B − L, we consider the extra Uð1Þ generator to be −4I3R þ 3ðB − LÞ, the basic phenomenology remains unaltered and for certain gauge coupling ranges, the model can be embedded into a five-dimensional SOð10Þ grand unified theory. -
Searches for the Dark Photon at Fixed Target Experiments
New Physics: Sae Mulli, Vol. 66, No. 8, August 2016, pp. 1036∼1044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/NPSM.66.1036 Searches for the Dark Photon at Fixed Target Experiments Suyong Choi∗ Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea (Received 3 July 2016 : revised 12 July 2016 : accepted 12 July 2016) Recent astrophysical observations provided indirect evidences for sub-GeV, light, dark-matter (DM). A new gauge particle in this mass range could exist as an extra U(1) gauge particle, called the dark photon. The dark photon can mix weakly with a ordinary photon and can mediate interactions of DM. If the dark photon is massive enough, it can decay into a pair of standard- model (SM) particles or DM particles. Light dark-matter particles in the MeV to GeV mass range, as well as in other mass ranges, have not been the subjects of intensive experimental researches. Large statistics is needed to search for dark-photon-mediated interactions. Therefore, high-power accelerators can be used to look for the dark photon. In this article, we review the current status of the experimental searches at various fixed-target experiments and the experiments planned in the near term future. PACS numbers: 12.60.-i, 14.70.Pw Keywords: Dark matter, Standard model, Dark photon, Accelerator, Fixed target experiment I. INTRODUCTION TO DARK PHOTON the regions of interest. Depending on the mass ranges, different experimental techniques are required. For the In 2008, PAMELA experiment reported on the rise WIMP DM, high-energy accelerators, such as the LHC, of the positron to electron ratio in cosmic rays start- are required to extend the mass reach and to have suf- ing from 10 GeV onwards, subsequently confirmed by ficiently high production cross-sections. -
Arxiv:1712.01768V1 [Hep-Ex] 5 Dec 2017
Prospects of the SHiP and NA62 experiments at CERN for hidden sector searches Philippe Mermod∗, on behalf of the SHiP Collaboration Particle Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] High-intensity proton beams impinging on a fixed target or beam dump allow to probe new physics via the production of new weakly-coupled particles in hadron decays. The CERN SPS provides opportunities to do so with the running NA62 experiment and the planned SHiP ex- periment. Reconstruction of kaon decay kinematics (beam mode) allows NA62 to probe for the existence of right-handed neutrinos and dark photons with masses below 0.45 GeV. Direct recon- struction of displaced vertices from the decays of new neutral particles (dump mode) will allow NA62 and SHiP to probe right-handed neutrinos with masses up to 5 GeV and mixings down to several orders of magnitude smaller than current constraints, in regions favoured in models which explain at once neutrino masses, matter-antimatter asymmetry and dark matter. arXiv:1712.01768v1 [hep-ex] 5 Dec 2017 The 19th International Workshop on Neutrinos from Accelerators-NUFACT2017 25-30 September, 2017 Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden ∗Speaker. c Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). https://pos.sissa.it/ Hidden sector searches with SHiP and NA62 Philippe Mermod 1. Introduction The LHC experiments have been running for several years without finding new physics at the TeV scale. A complementary approach is to probe the presence of new particles at lower energy scales with couplings to the Standard Model so weak that they have escaped detection in previous searches. -
Search for Dark Sector Physics with NA64 Arxiv:2003.07257V1 [Hep-Ph
Search for dark sector physics with NA64 S.N.Gninenko1, N.V. Krasnikov1;2 and V.A.Matveev1;2 1 INR RAS, 117312 Moscow, Russia 2 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia Аннотация The NA64 experiment consists of two detectors which are planned to be located at the electron (NA64e) and muon (NA64µ) beams of the CERN SPS and start operation after the LHC long-stop 2 in 2021. Its main goals include searches for dark sector physics - particularly light dark matter (LDM), visible and invisible decays of dark photons (A0), and new light particles that could explain the 8Be and gµ − 2 anomalies. Here we review these physics goals, the current status of NA64 including recent results and perspectives of further searches, as well as other ongoing or planned experiments in this field. The main theoretical results on LDM, the problem of the origin of the γ − A0 mixing term and its connection to loop 0 corrections, possible existence of a new light Z coupled to Lµ − Lτ current are also discussed. arXiv:2003.07257v1 [hep-ph] 16 Mar 2020 1 1 Introduction At present the most striking evidence in favour of new physics beyond the Standard model (SM) is the observation of Dark Matter (DM) [1, 2]. The nature of DM is one of challenging questions in physics. If DM is a thermal relic from the hot early Universe then its existence motivates to look for models with nongravitational interactions between dark and ordinary matter. There is a lot of candidates for the role of dark matter [1, 2]. -
Gpus for the Realtime Low-Level Trigger of the NA62 Experiment at CERN
GPUs for the realtime low-level trigger of the NA62 experiment at CERN R. Ammendola4, M. Bauce3,7, A. Biagioni3, S. Chiozzi1,5, A. Cotta Ramusino1,5, R. Fantechi2, 1,5, 1,5 2,6 2,8 3 3,7 M. Fiorini ∗, A. Gianoli , E. Graverini , G. Lamanna , A. Lonardo , A. Messina , I. Neri1,5, F. Pantaleo2,6, P. S. Paolucci3, R. Piandani2,6, L. Pontisso2, F. Simula3, M. Sozzi2,6, P. Vicini3 1INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy 2INFN Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy 3INFN Sezione di Roma“La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy 4INFN Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy 5University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy 6University of Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy 7University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A.Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy 8INFN Sezione di Frascati, Via E.Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail: fi[email protected] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3204/DESY-PROC-2014-05/15 A pilot project for the use of GPUs (Graphics processing units) in online triggering ap- plications for high energy physics experiments (HEP) is presented. GPUs offer a highly parallel architecture and the fact that most of the chip resources are devoted to computa- tion. Moreover, they allow to achieve a large computing power using a limited amount of space and power. The application of online parallel computing on GPUs is shown for the synchronous low level trigger of NA62 experiment at CERN. -
Review of Dark Matter
Review of Dark Matter Leonard S. Kisslinger Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA. Debasish Das Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics,1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, INDIA. PACS Indices:11.30.Er,14.60.Lm,13.15.+g Keywords: dark matter, sterile neutrinos, dark photons Abstract In this review of Dark Matter we review dark matter as sterile neutrinos, fermions, with their present and possibly future detection via neutrino Oscillations. We review the creation of Dark Matter via interactions with the Dark Energy (quintesence) field. We also review bosons as dark matter, discussing a proposed search for dark photons. Since photons are vector bosons, if dark photons exist at least part of dark matter are vector bosons. Ongoing experimental detection of Dark Matter is reviewed. 1 Introduction The most important experiments which have estimated the amount of Dark Matter in the present universe are Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) experiments, discussed in the section 2. There have been a number of theoretical models for the creation of Dark Matter, which is reviewed in section 3. It is almost certain that sterile nuetrinos are part of Dark Matter. Experiments detecting sterile nuetrinos via neutrino oscillation and a theoretical study of neutrino oscil- lations with 3 active and 3 sterile neutrinos with the present results are discussed in section 4. Also a recent search for sub-Gev Dark Matter by the MiniBooNE-DM Collaboration is briefly discussed in section 4. Neutrinos are fermions with quantum spin 1/2. It is possible that some Dark Matter particle are vector bosons with quantum spin 1, like the photon. -
Light Dark Matter Searches with Positrons
Eur. Phys. J. A manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Light dark matter searches with positrons M. Battaglieri1,2, A. Bianconi3,4, P. Bisio5, M. Bondì1, A. Celentano1, G. Costantini3,4, P.L. Cole6, L. Darmé7, R. De Vita1, A. D’Angelo8,9, M. De Napoli10, L. El Fassi11, V. Kozhuharov7,12, A. Italiano10, G. Krnjaic13,14, L. Lanza8, M. Leali3,4, L. Marsicano1,a, V. Mascagna4,15, S. Migliorati3,4, E. Nardi7, M. Raggi16,17,a, N. Randazzo10, E. Santopinto1, E. Smith2, M. Spreafico5, S. Stepanyan2, M. Ungaro2, P. Valente17, L. Venturelli3,4, M.H. Wood18 1Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy 2Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606 3Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy 4INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy 5Università degli Studi di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy 6Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, PO Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710 7Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, Frascati, Italy 8INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy 9Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy 10Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy 11Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA 12Faculty of physics, University of Sofia, 5 J. Bourchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria 13Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA 14Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 15Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy 16Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Roma, Italy 17Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Roma, Italy 18Canisius College, Buffalo, NY 14208, USA Draft : May 27, 2021 Abstract We discuss two complementary strategies to 1 Introduction and motivations search for light dark matter (LDM) exploiting the posi- tron beam possibly available in the future at Jefferson One of the most compelling arguments motivating the Laboratory. -
NEWSLETTER 45 Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare MARCH 2018
NEWSLETTER 45 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare MARCH 2018 RESEARCH NA62 RESEARCH AND THE RARE DECAYS OF THE K-MESON The NA62 experiment at CERN has recently presented its latest results concerning a very rare event: the decay of the charged K-meson into a pion and two neutrinos. The interest in extremely rare or even "forbidden" decays is motivated by the fact that these processes allow energy scales even much higher than those directly accessible to the most powerful particle colliders, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, to be indirectly probed. The study of these decays could therefore open a window in the near future on physics beyond the Standard Model. Moreover, the results just presented by NA62 are also interesting because they demonstrate the effectiveness of the new technique, called "in flight", used by the experiment to investigate these K-meson decays. In the coming years, this will allow the elusive process to be studied with a precision never achieved before. According to theoretical predictions, the charged K-meson decays into a pion and two neutrinos only in a very small fraction of cases. To understand the extreme rarity of this process, the Standard Model foresees, with considerable precision, that only eight decays of this type must occur every one hundred billion decays of the K-meson. In numerous theories that aim to overcome the Standard Model, the fraction of events expected for this decay is instead significantly different: therefore, a sufficiently precise measure could highlight the presence of what physicists call New Physics. The results obtained so far, at this level of statistical precision, are compatible with the Standard Model predictions. -
Lectures on BSM and Dark Matter Theory (2Nd Class)
Lectures on BSM and Dark Matter theory (2nd class) Stefania Gori UC Santa Cruz 15th annual Fermilab - CERN Hadron Collider Physics Summer School August 10-21, 2020 Twin Higgs models & the hierarchy problem SMA x SMB x Z2 Global symmetry of the scalar potential (e.g. SU(4)) The SM Higgs is a (massless) Nambu-Goldstone boson ~SM Higgs doublet Twin Higgs doublet S.Gori 23 Twin Higgs models & the hierarchy problem SMA x SMB x Z2 Global symmetry of the scalar potential (e.g. SU(4)) The SM Higgs is a (massless) Nambu-Goldstone boson ~SM Higgs doublet Twin Higgs doublet Loop corrections to the Higgs mass: HA HA HB HB yA yA yB yB top twin-top Loop corrections to mass are SU(4) symmetric no quadratically divergent corrections! S.Gori 23 Twin Higgs models & the hierarchy problem SMA x SMB x Z2 Global symmetry of the scalar potential (e.g. SU(4)) The SM Higgs is a (massless) Nambu-Goldstone boson ~SM Higgs doublet Twin Higgs doublet Loop corrections to the Higgs mass: HA HA HB HB SU(4) and Z2 are (softly) broken: yA yA yB yB top twin-top Loop corrections to mass are SU(4) symmetric no quadratically divergent corrections! S.Gori 23 Phenomenology of the twin Higgs A typical spectrum: Htwin Twin tops Twin W, Z SM Higgs Twin bottoms Twin taus Glueballs S.Gori 24 Phenomenology of the twin Higgs 1. Production of the twin Higgs The twin Higgs will mix with the 125 GeV Higgs with a mixing angle ~ v2 / f2 Because of this mixing, it can be produced as a SM Higgs boson (reduced rates!) A typical spectrum: Htwin Twin tops Twin W, Z SM Higgs Twin bottoms Twin taus Glueballs S.Gori 24 Phenomenology of the twin Higgs 1. -
Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN: Beyond the Standard Model
EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH (CERN) CERN-PBC-REPORT-2018-007 Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN Beyond the Standard Model Working Group Report J. Beacham1, C. Burrage2,∗, D. Curtin3, A. De Roeck4, J. Evans5, J. L. Feng6, C. Gatto7, S. Gninenko8, A. Hartin9, I. Irastorza10, J. Jaeckel11, K. Jungmann12,∗, K. Kirch13,∗, F. Kling6, S. Knapen14, M. Lamont4, G. Lanfranchi4,15,∗,∗∗, C. Lazzeroni16, A. Lindner17, F. Martinez-Vidal18, M. Moulson15, N. Neri19, M. Papucci4,20, I. Pedraza21, K. Petridis22, M. Pospelov23,∗, A. Rozanov24,∗, G. Ruoso25,∗, P. Schuster26, Y. Semertzidis27, T. Spadaro15, C. Vallée24, and G. Wilkinson28. Abstract: The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN’s accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible future colliders. These projects will target fundamental physics questions in modern particle physics. This document presents the status of the proposals presented in the framework of the Beyond Standard Model physics working group, and explore their physics reach and the impact that CERN could have in the next 10-20 years on the international landscape. arXiv:1901.09966v2 [hep-ex] 2 Mar 2019 ∗ PBC-BSM Coordinators and Editors of this Report ∗∗ Corresponding Author: [email protected] 1 Ohio State University, Columbus OH, United States of America 2 University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom 3 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, -
The NA62 Experiment at CERN
126 EPJ Web of Conferences , 04036 (2016) DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201612604036 ICNFP 2015 The NA62 experiment at CERN Mauro Piccini1,a 1INFN - Sezione di Perugia Abstract. The rare decays K → πνν¯ are excellent processes to make tests of new physics at the highest scale complementary to LHC thanks to their theoretically cleanness. The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS aims to collect of the order of 100 events in two years of data taking for the decay K+ → π+νν¯, keeping the background at the level of 10%. Part of the experimental apparatus has been commissioned during a technical run in 2012. The diverse and innovative experimental techniques will be explained and some preliminary results obtained during the 2014 pilot run will be reviewed. 1 Introduction NA62 is the last generation kaon experiment at CERN SPS aiming to study the decay K+ → π+νν¯. The goal of the experiment is to measure the decay branching ratio (O(10−10)) with 10% accuracy, collecting about 100 events in two years of data taking and assuming a 10% signal acceptance. The proton beam extracted from the SPS in the north area at CERN fulfills such demanding request in aOn behalf of the NA62 Collaboration: G. Aglieri Rinella, R. Aliberti, F. Ambrosino, B. Angelucci, A. Antonelli, G. Anzivino, R. Arcidiacono, I. Azhinenko, S. Balev, M. Barbanera, J. Bendotti, A. Biagioni, L. Bician, C. Biino, A. Bizzeti, T. Blazek, A. Blik, B. Bloch-Devaux, V. Bolotov, V. Bonaiuto, M. Bragadireanu, D. Britton, G. Britvich, M.B. Brunetti, D. Bry- man, F. Bucci, F. Butin, E. -
Arxiv:2107.07524V1 [Hep-Ph] 15 Jul 2021
Sterile neutrino dark matter catalyzed by a very light dark photon Gonzalo Alonso-Alvarez´ ∗ and James M. Cliney McGill University, Department of Physics, 3600 University St., Montr´eal,QC H3A2T8 Canada Sterile neutrinos (νs) that mix with active neutrinos (νa) are interesting dark matter candidates with a rich cosmological and astrophysical phenomenology. In their simplest incarnation, their production is severely constrained by a combination of structure formation observations and X-ray searches. We show that if active neutrinos couple to an oscillating condensate of a very light Lµ Lτ − gauge field, resonant νa-νs oscillations can occur in the early universe, consistent with νs constituting all of the dark matter, while respecting X-ray constraints on νs νaγ decays. Interesting deviations from standard solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations can! persist to the present. I. INTRODUCTION the expansion of the universe eventually shuts off the resonance at late times. 1 The possibility that sterile neutrinos νs constitute the The formation of bosonic condensates is conjectured dark matter (DM) of the universe has attracted steady to be possible in the early universe. The most well-known interest since its inception long ago. Supposing that the examples are those of the QCD axion [30{32] and ul- νs abundance is initially negligible, its relic density can tralight scalar dark matter [33], but an analogous phe- be generated by nonresonant oscillations with an active nomenon is possible for light vector bosons [34]. The con- neutrino species νa though mass mixing [1], with a mixing densate can be described in terms of the classical bosonic −6 angle as small as θ 10 for mνs 100 keV [2].