Volume 15, Number 2 June 2002

NATIONAL FORESTS IN ARIZONA AND RIPARIAN AREAS Janet Johnson Grove, Tonto National Forest, Phoenix Office

here are six National Forests KAIBAB 2,873,300-acre contiguous block in Arizona: the Apache- of land that extends from 1,300 The Kaibab borders Grand Sitgreaves (Supervisor's feet in the Sonoran Desert to 7,900 T Canyon National Park to the north Office in Springerville), Coconino feet. It is centered between the and south. A third block of the (Flagstaff), Coronado (Tucson), forested Colorado Plateau above National Forest lies west of Kaibab (Williams), Prescott the Mogollon Rim and the Basin Flagstaff centered on I-40. Its (Prescott) and Tonto (Phoenix). and Range geology of western and 1,557,274 acres occupy an southern Arizona. In addition to elevation range from 3,000-10,418 the Salt and Verde Rivers, there APACHE-SITGREAVES feet. Vegetation types include pine are a number of perennial and This 2,003,525-acre forest is (Pinus spp.), spruce (Picea spp.), intermittent streams that cut located in central and eastern and aspen (Populus tremuloides) through this transition zone: New Arizona, and elevations range forests and mountain meadows. River, Cave Creek, East Verde, from 3,500-11,500 feet. It includes Kanab Creek is the most prom- Fossil Creek, Pinto Creek, a vast ponderosa pine (Pinus inent stream. The limestone form- Sycamore Creeks, Haigler Creek, ponderosa) forest above the ations underlying most of the Canyon Creek, Tonto Creek, and Mogollon Rim, mountain Kaibab National Forest are very Cherry Creek. meadows of the White Mountains porous, so that surface water and and the Blue Range and Blue riparian areas are uncommon. River along the New Mexico State CORONADO line. Portions of Chevelon Creek, PRESCOTT The Coronado National Forest the Black River and the San Fran- includes Arizona's southeastern The 1,237,061 acres of the cisco River lie within the Apache- mountain ranges. Elevations from Prescott National Forest follow Sitgreaves National Forest. 3,000-10,720 feet span the two parallel mountainous areas distance from Sonoran and lying on either side of the Chino Chihuahuan Deserts to spruce-fir COCONINO Valley. Elevations extend from (Picea spp.-Abies spp.) forests. The Coconino is an 1,821,495- 3,000-8,000 feet in the Sierra Broad basins separate these acre forest on a pine-covered Prieta, the Bradshaw Mountains Cont. on pg. 3.....National Forests plateau cut by deep canyons and and Black Hills. Vegetation types bordered on the south by the include ponderosa pine, Mogollon Rim, a 1,000-foot cliff pinyon-juniper (Pinus spp.- running for miles across central Juniperus spp.) woodlands Arizona. Elevations extend from and grasslands. The Verde Inside This Issue 2,600-12,633 feet. The Coconino River is the most prominent President’s Message ...... 2 includes the San Francisco Peaks, riparian resource of the Everyone and Everything...... 7 Oak Creek Canyon, and the Red Prescott National Forest. Spring Meeting...... 8 Rocks country around Sedona. Species Profile...... 9 Important streams include the TONTO Legal Issues...... 11 Verde River, Sycamore Canyon, Lying below the Noteworthy Publications...... 13 Wet Beaver Creek, and West Clear Mogollon Rim, the Tonto Creek. Committee Reports ...... 14 National Forest is a Calendar...... 16 The Arizona Riparian Council 2 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

t's hard to believe that we just consists of two meetings (spring In addition, the question was completed our 16th Annual and fall) and the distribution of a asked: What riparian issues should ISpring Meeting. I would like to newsletter three times per year. I the Council focus on? The issues thank all of the speakers and am confident that the Council will that were brought up include: presenters for their contributions always provide forums for the to this year's meeting. I was exchange of information, i.e., the • Governor's Water Manage- especially pleased to hear about meetings and newsletter. How- ment Commission the Wickenburg High School ever, is there more that the organi- • Issue of subflow Constructed Wetland project and zation can and should do, and how • Forest restoration to see that there will be a next can we get more members actively • Fossil Creek restoration generation of scientists conducting involved in the Council? Or • Water conservation education riparian research. should the Council simply con- • Use of effluent A special thank you goes to tinue to provide for the exchange • Drought impacts on riparian Cindy Zisner who has been orga- of information? issues nizing spring meetings since day At the spring meeting, Kris one. It goes without saying that Randall conducted a brief but It was suggested during the without Cindy's help spring productive “brainstorming session meetings would not be possible. session” to gather input from the that additional meetings be held in Theresa Pinto also deserves a big participants as to what should be a few locations throughout the thank you for handling the the focus of the Council and its state (Tucson, Flagstaff, and arrangements with Rancho de los Board. The brainstorming session Phoenix) to continue the process Caballeros. produced several good ideas and of determining where we are going This year's meeting marked comments on a variety of topics. as an organization. The Board has the end of Kris Randall's three- Here is a summary of those since met and discussed how to year tenure as President. Kris has comments and ideas. continue the evolution process. It provided great leadership over the was decided to use the Riparian years and we are very fortunate • Provide more technical sup- Listserve and ask the membership that she will remain an active port for riparian area science. to submit comments and ideas. participant in the Council. Janet • Become a riparian issues Because the Listserve reaches Johnson also stepped down as advocacy group and comment most of the Council membership, Vice President this year. She to on riparian issues. more people should be reached has contributed so much and her • Create a higher public profile than by conducting a meeting. I efforts will be missed. Please take for the Council and its efforts. believe this process will improve the opportunity to say thank you to • Increase the number of mem- the organization as a whole and both of them when you can. bers who are actively involved provide the stimulus to get Tom Hildebrandt and I are in the Council. additional members actively excited about leading the Council • Cooperate with other environ- involved in Council activities. I and building upon the efforts of mental organizations that have welcome your suggestions or ideas Kris and Janet. Our first priority overlap with riparian issues/ regarding the direction of the will be to develop a clear direction topics or science. Council or possible meeting for the Council. Our bylaws state • Find new ways to communi- locations. Please email them to me the purpose of the Council is to cate riparian system informa- at [email protected] or call me “...provide for the exchange of tion. at (480) 694-4116. information...” as it relates to • Define riparian area standards. riparian systems in Arizona. Our Jeff Inwood, President exchange of information generally The Arizona Riparian Council 3 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

National Forests..Cont. from pg. 1 The Coconino National Forest has mountain ranges, or sky islands, planned and implemented from each other. Collectively, riparian restoration there are 11 blocks of federal land projects in various that comprise 1,717,857 acres. locations in the Lake The headwaters of the rivers of Mary watershed, and southeastern Arizona originate in Clover Springs in the these isolated mountain ranges. West Clear Creek watershed. MANAGEMENT The Coconino National Forest has OF RIPARIAN AREAS identified numerous Management of riparian areas high-elevation riparian varies with each National Forest, areas that have been depending on issues, staffing, and degraded by a variety of riparian area resources. Almost all manipulations over most activities managed by National of the last century. Forests affect streams and riparian Typical stream con- Location of National Forests in Arizona. Map areas: recreation, road construc- ditions can be described from Rocky Mountain Region 3 website. tion, wildlife, fisheries and as highly eroded,with (http://www.fs.fed.us/r3/forests/az.html). especially threatened and endan- active down cutting, head gered species, timber harvest, cutting, and substantial livestock grazing, urban develop- lateral erosion. In many cases, reference reaches. This informa- ment, and fire management. Many floodplains have been abandoned tion is combined with existing individuals at both the District with a subsequent loss of the hydrology and watershed data to Ranger and Forest Supervisor riparian vegetation that helps to evaluate the size and frequency of levels share coordination of maintain stream channel stability. flows expected for these streams. riparian area management. Two of Given enough time in the absence The actual channel modifica- the six National Forests in Arizona of additional disturbances, these tion is performed using a small have full-time riparian area degraded channels would likely bulldozer, Bobcat, and other tools program managers Three of the restabilize on their own, although where appropriate. Generally, forests have hydrologists and three substantial soil erosion would stream gradient is lowered by have watershed staff trained in continue to occur. In reality, dis- introducing greater sinuosity or other disciplines. The following turbances from ungulate grazing meander to the stream. Appro- summaries were written by a have and continue to hamper priate cross-sectional geometries collective of individuals who are vegetative recovery necessary for are also constructed to contain involved in the management of significant stabilization to occur. relatively frequent flood flows riparian areas on their National Recognizing a need for a more while allowing higher flood flows Forests. Workloads precluded aggressive approach, the Forest to spill out into the floodplain some National Forests from has formed a strong collaborative area. The channel modification is contributing to this article. Con- relationship with Northern accompanied by an aggressive tributors to this article include Arizona University to investigate revegetation program designed to Rory Steinke, Dick Fleishman, and implement channel modifica- help stabilize the stream channel Jeff Hink, and Janie Agyagos, tions based on natural channel and control erosion in disturbed Coconino National Forest; Dave properties identified in relatively areas adjacent to the stream. Brewer, Kaibab National Forest; undisturbed portions of similar Where possible, sod mats and Michelle Girard, Prescott National stream types. Current channel con- clumps are salvaged and replanted Forest; and Janet Johnson Grove, ditions are assessed by performing after construction. Hydromulching Kathy Nelson, Mike Ross, Grant a topographic survey of the chan- or seeding with a seed mix of Loomis, Lynn Mason, and Rich nel and near channel areas. These native seeds is applied over most Martin, Tonto National Forest. measurements provide critical disturbed areas. Given the abun- design parameters that describe dance of uncontrolled grazing Coconino National Forest channel geometries, including from elk (Cervus elaphus) in most The following are some of the width, mean and maximum depth, of these higher elevation areas, at riparian improvement projects and sinuosity, meander length and least short-term fencing is required activities currently underway on curvature, entrenchment and flood for successful revegetation. the Coconino National Forest. prone areas. Measurements are Finally, project areas are performed for both degraded and monitored over time to provide The Arizona Riparian Council 4 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2 information that will be used in impacted dispersed recreation sites spp.), box elder (Acer negundo), future restoration activities. The were rehabilitated and closed to and cottonwood (Populus spp.). project areas also provide valuable vehicular traffic to protect the learning opportunities for a variety unique wetland characteristics of PRESCOTT NATIONAL of University disciplines. the lake bed. Riparian area improvement Noxious weed treatment has FOREST RIPARIAN AREA has been noted through implemen- occurred on 175 acres by hand MANAGEMENT tation of numerous exclosures, and pulling of bull thistle (Cirsium The Verde River continues to improved grazing strategies vulgare) and spotted knapweed be a focal point for riparian man- located throughout the Forest. (Centaurea melitensis) at a variety agement activities on the Prescott of sites District-wide. Elk exclo- National Forest. We participated Improvements to Riparian sures were constructed at Frog in several Verde Canyon Railroad Spring, East Clear Creek Water- trips that were offered free of Areas, Streams, Upland Soil shed, Little Colorado River Condition, and Road charge to the public by the Bureau Watershed. of Reclamation, Verde Natural Obliteration Additionally, stream flow data Resource Conservation District, In the Oak Creek watershed, on 20 perennial streams located on and several other partners. The 30 acres of gully systems were the Coconino, Prescott, and Apache- objective was to get the public on stabilized through channel design Sitgreaves National Forests is the river to enjoy our natural and shaping located in the head- being collected for the acquisition resources and provide environ- waters of the West Fork of Oak and of instream flow water rights mental education. Creek. with the objective of maintaining We are working on several Also in the Oak Creek water- in stream flow for wildlife, fish- grazing allotments and other shed, 150 acres of trails were sta- eries and recreation use. projects to improve conditions, bilized, relocated, or obliterated on The region has adopted a particularly within the Verde heavily impacted social trails. groundwater policy which in Watershed. We are consulting Rock cairns, trail signage, revege- essence, assures that withdrawal of with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife tation with native seed, installation groundwater does not adversely Service on critical habitat for of water bars, and drainage ditches affect adjacent riparian areas. spikedace (Meda fulgida) and to Forest standards channels water loachminnow (Tiaroga cobitis). and sediment to reduce erosion, KAIBAB NATIONAL FOREST As part of this consultation we peak flow and protect the soil and The Kaibab National Forest analyzed watershed condition of water resource. has roughly 5 miles of perennial five, 5th Code watersheds within Restoration began on 15 acres streams and 1,200 acres consid- the Verde Watershed. We found of meadows at Bow Ribbon Park ered riparian. Most of the riparian conditions varied from satisfactory and at Allen Lake Landing by cut- areas are associated with manmade in the Sycamore Canyon area, ting down ponderosa pine seed- facilities like dams and stock impaired on the majority of the lings and saplings and leaving the tanks. The notable exceptions to watershed, to unsatisfactory on an slash on site to create surface that is Kanab Creek, North Can- area of the Upper Verde. We roughness, create microclimate, yon, Little Hells Canyon, Big conducted a survey of the ephem- and retain moisture and soil on-site Springs, and Tule Wash. These eral drainages and gullies within West Clear Creek 5th Code and areas are considered either per- the Verde Watershed and found Wet Beaver Creek 5th Code, ennial or intermittent flow regimes that they may be a source of sedi- respectively, Verde River Water- and display riparian vegetation. ment to the Verde River following shed. Over 75% of riparian zones large rainfall events. We are con- In the Lake Mary watershed, meet or exceed desired conditions. tinuing to conduct field work con- 10 acres of riparian stream channel Most improvement in riparian con- cerning the condition of these were stabilized at Hoxworth ditions is the result of complete drainages to assess their impact on Springs, a tributary to Lake Mary. exclosure of livestock from the water quality. Twenty-five miles of road were lake (e.g., JD Dam - 1988, We are now implementing either obliterated, or had drainage Coleman Lake - 1984, Moritz projects and Best Management structures constructed on them to Lake - 1995) or significant Practices on the problems areas reduce nonpoint source sediment reductions in term permitted that were identified. Some of the from the road surface. Lake Mary numbers (Little Hells Canyon and projects include improved live- is a significant source of water for Tule Tank Wash). In most cases stock distribution, and changes in the City of Flagstaff. there has been a large increase of other grazing practices. Livestock In the enclosed basin of riparian indicator species like no longer have access to the Verde Mormon Lake and Mormon Lake willows (Salix spp.) sedges (Carex River on 14 of the 15 allotments watershed, 100 acres of heavily The Arizona Riparian Council 5 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2 administered by the Prescott with watershed issues. We are pinyon-juniper woodland, and Forest. We have implemented working with the University of montane coniferous forests. Con- grassland restoration projects on Arizona to implement monitoring servative mapping efforts have approximately 5,000 acres with of vegetation and soil conditions estimated 1,300 miles and 29,000 impaired or unsatisfactory soil on several range allotments, water- acres of riparian vegetation, conditions to increase vegetative shed treatment areas, and pre- although the actual numbers may ground cover (reduce soil erosion), scribed burns. This monitoring be double this estimate. Long rec- and increase infiltration. A sec- will help us determine if we met ognized as an important resource ondary benefit to the restoration is our management objectives in a on the Tonto National Forest, the improved wildlife habitat, espec- timely manner. Plans are being Watershed staff includes two ially for antelope and quail. Sev- finalized to re-measure the flows hydrologists, a riparian ecologist, eral road closures and improved from several of the springs on the an instream flow water rights/ road maintenance has also been Prescott, Coconino, and Tonto photopoint program coordinator, implemented. Forests through an agreement with soil scientist, and a team of three We installed a low-flow gauge Northern Arizona University, as monitoring specialists. on the Verde River in cooperation well as cooperating with the with the Verde Watershed Assoc- education programs offered by the Permanent iation (VWA). The VWA is spon- Verde Watershed Research and soring several studies within the Education Program. We have been Photopoint Program watershed to help determine in contact with faculty of Arizona In 1989, the Tonto National groundwater supplies and develop State University to explore the Forest entered into a program with a water budget. We are also work- possibility of monitoring riparian volunteers to establish and main- ing with the U.S. Geological conditions on several of our tain a permanent photopoint data Survey and Salt River Project to smaller perennial and ephemeral base. Thirteen years later, there are operate and maintain the Paulden streams, and riparian exclosures. about 700 photopoints across the stream gauge on the Verde River. Several exclosures and photo riparian areas of the Tonto We are participating in the, monitoring points have been estab- National Forest. About 30 volun- development of a management lished on riparian areas across the teers locate and re-photograph plan for the Wild and Scenic Forest including: Yellowjacket, about 300 sites per year. portions of the Verde River with Cienega, Joe Best Spring, Copper the Coconino and Tonto National Canyon, Verde River, North Mine Instream Flow Program Forests. The objective is to deter- Spring, South Fork of Walnut The Tonto National Forest has mine long-term management goals Creek, Sheep Camp Springs, and received Certificates of Water and objectives to ensure protection Mule Camp Springs. We have Right for Pinto, Arnett, Sycamore of the wild and scenic qualities of implemented an instream flow and Cave Creeks, Seven Springs the Verde River. measuring project on Walnut and the Lower Verde River. An Enough about the Verde River Creek, Big Bug, Turkey, Mint instream flow water right allows —we have several other beautiful Wash, Cienega, and Sycamore an agency or individual the right riparian areas on the Forest. Resi- Creeks. We hope to receive an to keep a desired quantity of water dents of the Agua Fria Watershed instream flow right on these in a stream. A Certificate of Water have formed an association and we streams in the future. We continue Right for Instream Flow Protection are a member of this group. We are efforts to receive an instream flow is a property right and places its sharing the data we have from water right on the Upper Verde owner in an advantageous position within the watershed to help the River. within the water rights hierarchy group determine where we may of a watershed. The Pinto Creek need additional information. We TONTO NATIONAL FOREST permit was a crucial bargaining are in the process of assessing chip when the Carlotta Copper watershed condition within the RIPARIAN AREA PROGRAM Project's proposed groundwater Agua Fria 4th Code watershed. The Tonto National Forest pumping threatened to dewater The Gila chub (Gila intermedia) includes almost 3 million acres of Haunted Canyon and Pinto Creek. has been proposed for listing under land in a contiguous block that lies The Arnett Creek permit is the Endangered Species Act. north and east of Phoenix. Eleva- included within a native fish There are known populations tions extend from about 1,500 feet reintroduction project. The Verde within this watershed and we felt it at the confluence of the Salt and River has been certificated from was important to get a handle on Verde Rivers to Aztec Peak at Beasley Flat, at the downstream habitat and watershed conditions. 7,733 feet in the Sierra Ancha terminus of the Verde Valley, to We are working with several Mountain Range. Major ecosys- just above Horseshoe Reservoir. universities on research and tems include Sonoran Desert, This water right, shared by the monitoring projects concerned semidesert grassland, chaparral, Tonto, Prescott and Coconino The Arizona Riparian Council 6 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

National Forests, is the largest affecting changes in riparian area riparian vegetation utilization and single nonconsumptive appropri- management. The Forest-wide streambank alteration. We ation in Arizona at this writing. riparian monitoring program, currently have a three-person The Tonto National Forest is drought policy development, and monitoring team working with the currently pursuing 12 additional many recent changes in livestock Districts to assure compliance water rights. Applications are on management, have had their with grazing guidelines. file for the East Verde River, impetus in settlement agreements Camp, Christopher, Haigler, or the need to protect listed species Drought Policy Fossil, Cherry, Tonto, Workman or their habitat. Riparian utiliza- The Forest adopted a drought and Reynolds Creeks. Monitoring tion standards and both species policy in 2001. It defines drought is ongoing at Red Creek, Tangle and habitat-monitoring programs according to the Standard Precip- Creek and New River and are integral to the riparian itation Index and then outlines applications are forthcoming. monitoring and management actions to be taken on grazed lands The Regional Forester has program on the Forest. to protect rangelands. We have approved funding for acquiring recently acknowledged the current water rights on streams throughout Inventory and drought and are assessing allot- the state. This includes the 12 ments on a case-by-case basis. applications on the Tonto listed Monitoring Efforts above and another 44 streams Hydrologists and riparian throughout the Coronado, ecologists have developed a data Restoration Projects Coconino, Prescott and Apache- base of stream channels and The Forest has attempted to Sitgreaves. riparian vegetation. We have restore degraded stream channels National Wetland Inventory Map to a higher level of stability using coverage for the entire Forest. In Rosgen stream restoration prin- Groundwater Policy 1982, Higgins and Ohmart ciples.The first effort was at The Tonto National Forest has completed a structural classifica- Tangle Creek next to the Tangle adopted a set of procedures for tion of riparian areas on the Tonto Creek Administrative site where evaluating groundwater with- National Forest. Riparian vegeta- bank erosion was eroding into drawal requests on its lands. The tion was inventoried on 120 key developments at the site. This intent is to protect water- reaches in the early 1990's. effort was completed with mixed dependent resources on the forest Over 320 stream reaches have results in 1997. The second effort and minimize effects on adjoining had some level of stream channel was to restore a reach of Pinto wells. The procedures include an inventory and assessment. initial screening phase, an explora- Stream channel cross tion and testing phase and a sections have been production phase. The wellfield completed on over 210 would reach the production phase stream reaches. The if adverse impacts can be avoided condition of 168 stream or mitigated. The procedures reaches has been assessed developed on the Tonto have been using a method developed adopted by the Southwestern on the Tonto National Regional Office in Albuquerque Forest. We have established with a few minor changes and are 65 permanent stream being considered for inclusion in a channel cross sections. national policy currently under Many of these cross development at the Washington sections are located in Office of the Forest Service. riparian pastures and exclosures that have been Threatened and constructed over the past 10 Endangered years. In 1998, the Tonto Species Program National Forest developed Riparian areas provide critical grazing guidelines for use habitat for many of the South- on trees, shrubs, and west's threatened and endangered herbaceous vegetation, and species. Lawsuits related to the defined acceptable levels of Forest's noncompliance with the impacts to streambanks. A Endangered Species Act on monitoring protocol was grazing management actions have developed for measuring been the most significant factor Fossil Creek Springs. The Arizona Riparian Council 7 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

Creek damaged by a spill of Watershed Assessments watershed were fire related. The 300,000 cubic yards of tailings The Tonto is initiating water- Forest hopes to complete analysis into the creek next to BHP's Pinto shed assessments on some of its of all its watersheds in ten years. Valley Mine. Physical restoration higher priority fifth code water- of the channel was completed in sheds. The watershed assessment Wild and Scenic Plan 1998, riparian recovery is contin- process is issue driven, the anal- The Tonto is working with the uing. The third effort is to restore ysis method depends on the issues Prescott and Coconino to develop approximately 1 mile of Cherry faced in the watershed. As an a management plan for the Wild Creek. A Water Protection Fund example the issues faced in one and Scenic Portions of the Verde grant was received for this project watershed are primarily related to River. Completion of the plan is and implementation is expected in off road vehicles, while those in a projected for 2003. the fall of 2002. second (sub fifth code scale)

EVERYONE AND EVERYTHING IN THE DESERT by Matt Chew, Department of Biology, Arizona State University

n May 1996 the optimistically 60 submitted papers and nearly 30 relieved, and even slow cooked named “First Conference on posters covered an amazing range (the air conditioner broke down IResearch and Resource Man- of topics. Just a few highlights in Thursday). We left with our brains agement in Southern Arizona alphabetical order: badgers and full, exhausted but looking National Park Areas” was held in bobcats (infrared video); Border forward to another round in 2004. Tucson. It appears the optimism Patrol (dispersing alien plants); If you want to know what’s going was well-founded. The conference frogs (welcome and unwelcome); on in Southwestern desert is now a biennial event. The fourth gemsbok (at White Sands); Indian research, and who’s doing what, conference convened on May 15, Nations (working with); illegal BE THERE. 2002, was sponsored by seven aliens (at Organ Pipe National For more information on the federal and two Arizona agencies, Monument); Lehmann’s lovegrass conference just completed, and the Western National Parks (birds nesting in); mosquitoes (in (eventually) information on the Association, the University of restored wetlands); pollinators upcoming fifth conference, Arizona, and the Sonoran Institute. (Yuma Proving Ground); rotifers bookmark the USGS Sonoran I have attended all four and helped (inventory and diversity); Russian Desert Field Station website at plan the third; somehow they just olive (seed banks); springsnails http://www.werc.usgs.gov/sdfs. keep getting better. These confer- (habitat loss); topminnows (how ences are the place to find out not to manage); Virtual America about practically everything going (National Park Service on the on around here. My problem is to web); warblers (habitat employ something other than partitioning). superlatives; so much enthusiasm Over the three days, might ruin my reputation. six invited speakers The best thing about this beginning with Karen conference is the tight regional, Wade, Intermountain rather than topical, focus. Practic- National Park Service ally anything related to “resource Regional Director, and research and management in the ending with Jeff Ruch, southwestern deserts” (an evolu- Executive Director of tion from the original parks focus) Public Employees for can expect a hearing. This year’s Environmental theme was “Meeting Resource Responsibility (PEER) Management Information Needs” provided perspective on so there was much discussion of the uses and abuses of how to collect, analyze and use science and scientists in data. But it was hardly a number- resource management. crunching festival. Technical By Friday afternoon, we methods shared the spotlight with had all been informed, research results, but so did ways of entertained, provoked, putting information to use. Over alarmed, angered, The Arizona Riparian Council 8 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

16TH ANNUAL MEETING IN WICKENBURG

he 16th meeting of the to tell about the history of One management issue regarding Arizona Riparian Council Wickenburg. this area is whether the recreation Twas held April 26-27, 2002, Field trips on Saturday began use is impacting the riparian habi- in Wickenburg at the the Rancho at the Wickenburg High School tat. To help answer that question, de los Caballeros. This year’s where Matt Peirce, Arizona Game we conducted a Proper Function- theme was Water Resources and and Fish Department, and Clare ing Condition assessment for the Sustaining Riparian Areas. There Peirce, teacher at Wickenburg area. Although the results of the were 69 attendees from throughout High School told us about con- PFC are not official, the group the state and New Mexico. structed wetlands on the high decided that the area was Func- An overview of Arizona water school grounds. From there parti- tional At Risk, with a downward law was presented by Richard cipants either went to the Hassa- trend. Everyone enjoyed the trip, Campbell from the Law Offices of yampa Preserve or to Box Canyon. as well as the lively discussion Withey, Anderson, and Morris in The Hassayampa Preserve trip was debating what the “correct” ans- Phoenix. Jim Holway, Assistant led by Jere Boudell, Ph.D. candi- wers were for the PFC checklist. Director, Groundwater Division of date in the Department of Plant At the meeting we elected two the Arizona Department of Water Biology at Arizona State Univer- new officers, President Jeff Resources told us about the sity. She told us about her seed- Inwood and Vice President Tom Department’s programs and bank research and other research Hildebrandt. A membership dues perspectives. Ruth Valencia, from Dr. Julie Stromberg’s lab at increase was voted in, the new Arizona Riparian Council repre- Arizona State. Jack Ragsdale, individual rate will be $20 and for sentative to the Governor’s Water Recreation Manager, along with institutions or organizations, $100. Management Commission, filled John Anderson, State Botanist, Please check your mailing address us in on the Commission and both of Bureau of Land Manage- now – if it says PLEASE RENEW perspectives on riparian protec- ment, led the other trip to visit Box after your name please do so. If tion. Some of the nation’s ground- Canyon. The Box Canyon is a you are reading this newsletter water pumping follies and the fate scenic canyon along the Hassa- because it was sent to someone of our fresh water were presented yampa River and a short drive else at your office who’s no longer by Dr. Robert Glennon, James E. from downtown Wickenburg. The there, please subscribe in your Rogers College of Law at the Hassayampa is perennial through name or ask your office to do so to University of Arizona. Watch for the canyon and supports a relative- continue receiving it. The mailing an announcement of his upcoming ly healthy riparian ecosystem. Due list is being cleaned up and past book in a future newsletter. John to it's beauty, proximity to town, dues will be removed. We hope Munderloh, Yavapai County and easy accessibility, the canyon that you enjoy the newsletter and Water Advisory Committee, pre- is popular with campers, off-road want to continue to receive it by sented information on issues sur- vehicle users, and equestrians. sending in your dues. rounding exportation of ground- water from the Big Chino subbasin to the Prescott AMA. The devel- opment and implementation of the Tonto National Forest ground- water policy was presented by Rich Martin and Grant Loomis, Tonto National Forest, Phoenix. These invited presentations were followed by seven presenta- tions of submitted papers and six posters were on display. The pro- gram with abstracts is available on the ARC website at http://aztec. asu.edu/ARC/Program16.pdf. About 20 people attended the dinner held at the Hassayampa Preserve. We were entertained by a cowboy poet and storyteller. He had some very interesting stories Jere Boudell leading group at Hassayampa Preserve. The Arizona Riparian Council 9 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

SPECIES PROFILE

ARIZONA ALLIGATOR LIZARD (ELGARIA KINGI) by Ross Timmons, Tempe, Arizona

alking out from the mouth as if two-thirds of its length was alligator lizard is often described of a canyon one late tail. Its colors blended incredibly as a montane species, occupying Wspring afternoon, I was well with the background, making rocky areas in suitable riparian immediately struck by the differ- it nearly impossible to distinguish. habitats and drainages, in assoc- ence in temperature. In the shade As I slowly squatted down, it iation with conifer forest, oak of the canyon, the air had been scuttled into the crack of a nearby woodland, and chaparral commun- noticeably humid, and the temp- bedrock outcrop, stopping just ities. Studies indicate that it also erature in the low- to mid-80's. inside. Moving closer to get a occurs at lower elevations and Standing in the full sunlight of the better look, I only succeeded in dryer habitats, such as semidesert afternoon, the difference was chasing the animal deeper into the grasslands and creosote (Larrea remarkable, with the temperature recesses of the crack, and out of tridentata) desert-scrub, through- approaching 100°F, and little sight. out portions of its range (Bowker humidity. The canyon was steep- This may well describe a 1988, Degenhardt et al. 1996). sided, relatively narrow, and well typical encounter with the A member of the family shaded. Trees covering the canyon Madrean alligator lizard, Elgaria Anguidae, the Madrean alligator bottom included evergreen oaks (Gerrhonotus) kingi. One of six lizard shares a number of charac- (Quercus spp.), walnut (Juglans North American species of alliga- teristics common to all species of major), sycamore (Platanus tor lizards belonging to the genus this family, such as dorsal and wrightii), Arizona ash (Fraxinus Elgaria, E. kingi is the only ventral scales underlain by bony pennsylvanica), and an occasional species found in Arizona. Occur- plates called osteoderms. Osteo- ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa). ring throughout much of the derms add rigidity to the body and Not surprisingly, I soon returned central and southeastern portions may form an effective armor to the shelter of the canyon. of the state, its range also encom- against injury by small predators. During the spring of most years, passes portions of southwestern Distinctive lateral folds of skin stream flows were continuous New Mexico, and extends as far between the reinforced dorsal and throughout much of its upper south as the Mexican states of ventral scales on either side of the reach, becoming intermittent by Jalisco and Colima (Corichi and body presumably accommodate late summer. This year, flows Villela 1995). The Madrean the expansion necessary during throughout had already dis- appeared, and only small pools and occasional water seeps remained. Vegetation on the surrounding slopes of the upper canyon was primarily pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.), with chaparral species predominating the slopes below its mouth. Heading back, up canyon, my attention was drawn to a flurry of noise and motion in the leaf litter to my left. I stopped in midstride, looking towards the disturbance. Remaining still for several moments, I carefully examined the area, trying to determine the source of commotion. What finally caught my eye was a slight move- ment in the debris; slowly poking through the dead leaves was a Arizona alligator lizard. Photo from Reptiles and Amphibians lizard 10-12 inches long, looking website (http://www.brennanart.com/herps.php). The Arizona Riparian Council 10 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2 breathing, feeding, and pregnancy species of snakes. While attempt- observe them in their natural (Stebbins 1985). ing to avoid capture, it often setting. The Madrean alligator lizard displays a rapid, almost serpentine may reach a total length in excess motion, readily disappearing BIBLIOGRAPHY of 14 inches, with the tail often amongst rocks, loose leaf litter or Bowker, R.W. 1987. Elgaria greater than twice the length of the other available debris. When kingi: Antipredator behavior. body. Coloration is variable, the caught, they may thrash about, Herpetological Review usual pattern being alternating attempting to bite and smearing 18(4):73-75. bands of grayish-tan and brown, feces on the captor. As with many Bowker, R.W. 1988. A the brown bands being 3-4 scales lizards, the Madrean alligator comparative behavioral study wide, with the posterior margins lizard readily loses its tail (referred and taxonomic analysis of bordered by black. Black-and- to as tail autotomy), leaving the Gerrhonotine lizards. white spots are present along the potential predator focused on a Unpublished Ph.D. upper lip. The legs of this species wriggling tail in its grasp, while dissertation, Arizona State appear disproportionately small to the lizard escapes to cover. When University, Tempe. its size. In our area, the only attacked by a whipsnake Corichi, A. L., and O. F. Villela. species that the Madrean alligator (Masticophis spp.), one individual 1995. Elgaria kingii. lizard is likely to be confused with was recorded grasping its own tail Herpetological Review is one of several species of skinks, in its jaws and forming a loop of 26(2):108. but dissimilar color patterns, dis- its body, presumably too large for Degenhardt, W.G., C.W. Painter, tinctive lateral folds, and body the snake to swallow (Bowker and A.H. Price. 1996. The proportions should readily 1987). The success of this strategy amphibians and reptiles of distinguish it. is unclear, however, as the animals New Mexico. University of Although probably not an were interrupted the animals, New Mexico Press, uncommon species, the secretive causing the snake to release the Albuquerque. 431 pp. behavior of the Madrean alligator lizard before the outcome was Stebbins, R. C. 1985. A field guide lizard makes an encounter with it determined. to western reptiles and relatively rare. During hotter and Potential threats to this species amphibians. 2nd ed. drier periods of the year, they may are unclear. Its cryptic nature and Houghton Mifflin Company, shift their periods of activity to the lack of historical data on its abun- Boston, MA. cooler early mornings and eve- dance prevents any conclusions nings, further decreasing the like- regarding impacts over recent lihood of an encounter. Informa- decades. Degradation of many tion on the diet of the Madrean riparian communities due to over- alligator lizard is lacking, but like- grazing in the past have likely ly includes a wide variety of produced indirect impacts to the insects and other invertebrates, species, but to what extent is not such as spiders, centipedes and quantifiable. The strong assoc- scorpions. iation of the Madrean alligator Little is known of the repro- lizard with riparian areas suggests ductive biology of this species. that management practices bene- Reports by Degenhardt et al. ficial to riparian communities (1996) suggest that breeding should also benefit this species. In occurs during the autumn months, chaparral and desert grasslands, and females may store sperm over- controlled burning to prevent winter. Madrean alligator lizards excessive fuel loads or to remove are oviparous, laying a clutch of invasive exotic plants, may prove 9-15 eggs during early summer. beneficial to this and other Degenhardt et al. (1996) collected occupants as well. a female and 12 eggs that were The next time you find your- hatching from a rock crevice, self wandering down a cool can- which they felt might indicate yon or stream bank, take a few parental care in the species. minutes to look and listen as you Predators of the Madrean pass; you might just have a chance alligator lizard include birds of encounter with this attractive prey, mammals (such as the Arizona lizard. As with most ringtail cat [Bassariscus astutus] Arizona wildlife, a great deal of and gray fox [Urocyon enjoyment and information can be cinereoargenteus]), and various gained by taking the time to The Arizona Riparian Council 11 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

LEGAL ISSUES OF CONCERN Richard Tiburcio Campbell, Law Offices of Withey, Anderson & Morris, Phoenix NOT FIT FOR DUTY: BIOLOGICAL OPINION REGARDING EFFECT OF FORT HUACHUCA'S EXPANSION PLANS ON SAN PEDRO RIVER INVALIDATED IN FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT

n April 11, 2002, the feder- relationship with the local and suggest “reasonable and prudent al district court in Tucson, regional economy. alternatives” that will not cause OArizona, issued an Order On March 30, 1998, Fort jeopardy to the species or adverse declaring that the U.S. Fish and Huachuca formally requested con- modification of critical habitat. Wildlife Service (“USFWS”) sultation under Section 7 of the Following the issuance of the Biological Opinion for the U.S. ESA with USFWS in regard to the Biological Opinion, the federal Army's operations at Fort cumulative impacts of its ongoing agency must then determine Huachuca was arbitrary, capri- operations (through 2009) on whether and in what manner to cious, and contrary to the legal several species listed as endan- proceed, i.e., the federal agency requirements of the Endangered gered or threatened under the has an independent duty to insure Species Act (“ESA”). Center for ESA, including the Huachuca its actions satisfy Section 7 and the Biological Diversity, et al., v. Water Umbel (Lilaeopsis ESA's jeopardy standard. See 16 Rumsfeld, CIV99-203 TUC ACM schaffneriana ssp. recurva) and U.S.C. §1536(a)(2). (April. 1, 2002). The Order may the Southwestern Willow USFWS issued a draft Biolog- significantly alter growth patterns Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. ical Opinion regarding Fort in and around Fort Huachuca. The extimus). Huachuca on January 4, 1999 that Army, however, is still consider- Section 7 of the ESA requires concluded, among other things, ing whether to appeal the decision. all federal agencies to “insure” that additional groundwater pump- The Fort Huachuca army base that “any action authorized, ing at Fort Huachuca would cause is located near Sierra Vista in funded or carried out” is not jeopardy to the Huachuca Water southern Arizona, and in the San “likely to jeopardize the continued Umbel and Southwestern Willow Pedro aquifer. Current estimates of existence of any endangered or Flycatcher, and would cause annual overpumping from the San threatened species” (16 U.S.C. adverse modification of designated Pedro aquifer range up to 9,400 §1536(a)(2)). This proscription critical habitat.4 However, in its acre-feet, according to the NAFTA applies to “all activities or pro- Final Biological Opinion on Commission for Environmental grams of any kind” and includes October 27, 1999, USFWS Cooperation. The adverse impact the granting of contracts, licenses, included a “no jeopardy” finding of groundwater pumping in and and permits, and “actions directly in regard to groundwater pumping. around Fort Huachuca on the San or indirectly causing modifications This decision was based in part on Pedro River, and the San Pedro to the land, water, or air” (50 the negotiation of a Memorandum River Riparian National C.F.R. §402.02). Federal agencies, of Agreement (MOA) between Conservation Area, is well such as the U.S. Army, may USFWS and the Army after the documented.1 request formal consultation under draft Biological Opinion had been As the largest single ground- Section 7 of the ESA to determine circulated. The MOA included a water pumper in the area, Fort whether their activities will number of mandatory reasonable Huachuca has recently begun jeopardize listed species. At the and prudent alternatives regarding looking for ways to minimize its conclusion of formal Section 7 groundwater that were devised to impact on groundwater supplies consultation, USFWS issues a avoid a jeopardy finding. The no by requiring, among other things, Biological Opinion (50 C.F.R. § jeopardy finding was also made in flushless urinals, and recharge of 402.02). The Biological Opinion reliance on Sierra Vista's imple- treated wastewater (at about 600 includes a detailed description of mentation of an effluent recharge acre-feet annually).2 Organizations the impact of the agency's action project designed to delay the such as the Center for Biological on listed species (and their desig- impacts of deficit groundwater Diversity (“Center”) are dissatis- nated critical habitat, if any). The pumping. fied with such efforts since they do Biological Opinion may also The Center and The San Pedro not address what they consider to include mandatory (and sometimes 100, subsequently filed suit be the primary issue, uncontrolled voluntary) conservation measures against the Army in 2000, challen- future growth in the area.3 Fort to be implemented to protect the ging the effectiveness of the Huachuca, it is charged, is the species. For instance, if USFWS measures outlined in the final primary catalyst for such growth finds that the action will jeopar- Biological Opinion and in the in the surrounding area due to its dize a species or adversely modify MOA since they did not require critical habitat, then it must any specific, enforceable measures The Arizona Riparian Council 12 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

to address the development and In conclusion, the court found Report and Recommendations unrestrained groundwater that: of the Governor’s Riparian pumping resulting directly or Habitat Task Force, Phoenix, indirectly from Fort Huachuca's The Army knew of the Arizona, at 148 (October actions.5 The court agreed, finding need to take immediate 1990); see also Lite, S., and J. that: and drastic measures to Stromberg, Department of maintain flows in the San Geography, Arizona State The Final BO does not Pedro River … The Army, University, Hydrologic require the Army to bal- however, refused to thresholds for maintaining ance its water use on base commit to any specific cottonwood-willow stands or in the subwatershed … mitigation measures …. along the San Pedro River, The Army is only required Instead, the Army sought Arizona, presented at the 16th to participate in the USPP to rely on the FWS' annual meeting of the Arizona [Upper San Pedro Partner- arbitrary and capricious Riparian Council (April 26-27, ship], an organizational determination that its 2002). partnership, … [and] sup- action was not likely to 2. Arizona Republic, “Arizona’s port the USPP … in the cause jeopardy.9 Vanishing Wilderness” development and adoption (August 29, 1999). of a regional water man- In response to the court's Order the 3. Id. agement plan, the Army is reportedly working with 4. Southwestern Willow RWRMP, within three USFWS on revising the Biological Flycatcher has been years. Opinion, and is also contemplating voluntarily suspended by **** appealing the decision. USFWS in Arizona at the time There are no requirements Collateral damage of the of this writing in response to in the Final BO to reduce Order includes Sierra Vista's air- the Tenth Circuit Court of reliance on groundwater port expansion plans. The expan- Appeal’s decision vacating pumping by any particular sion was dependent on the transfer Flycatcher critical habitat in amount or to achieve any of 203 acres of land near the Libby New Mexico. See New Mexico measurable goals with Airfield to Sierra Vista. The land Cattle Growers Association respect to water recharge transfer was halted by the Army vs. USFWS. 248 F.3d 1277 … Without such specifi- since the Fort no longer has a valid (2001). city, the mitigation biological opinion in place 5. Order at 4. measures in the Final BO regarding its ongoing activities.11 6. Id. at 15-16. are merely suggestions.6 Representative Jim Kolbe 7. Id. at 18. (R-Ariz) recently proposed legis- 8. Id. at 19-20. The court also found that lation that would have limited the 9. Id. at 22. USFWS' reliance on Sierra Vista's Fort's responsibilities for exces- 10. Arizona Daily Star, “Court recharge project was misplaced in sive groundwater pumping of the Ruling Clips Wings of SV light of the court's belief that a San Pedro River under the Endan- Airport Expansion” (May 7, 13,000 acre-feet deficit is expected gered Species Act. This bill failed 2002). to exist by 2030: in Congressional committee action 11. Arizona Republic, “Effort to on May 9.11 However, A U.S. Exempt Army from Conserva- “Assuming the project is House committee agreed May 14 tion Fails” (May 10, 2002). successful, its positive to attach Kolbe's legislation to an 12. Arizona Republic, "U.S. panel effects will be short-term emergency appropriations bill. limits Army's river liability" and inadequate. It will The appropriations bill is at the (May 15, 2002). recharge roughly 1,516 time of this writing headed for a acre-feet per year from vote in the House and then the 2000 to 2010 and 1,762 Senate. 12 acre-feet from 2010 to 2020, a small fraction of NOTES the growing deficit.”7 1. The San Pedro River was Moreover, the court found that the placed on American Rivers’ recharge project only served to 1999 List of Nation’s Most “delay and mask” the effects of Endangered Rivers; see also deficit groundwater pumping for Governor’s Riparian Habitat the next three years while growth Task Force, Streams and at Fort Huachuca would continue Riparian Resources. Final unabated.8 The Arizona Riparian Council 13 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

NOTEWORTHY PUBLICATIONS Jere Boudell, Department of Plant Biology, Arizona State University

Mushet, D. M., N. H. Euliss, Jr, Then the authors made assign- sites. The categories consisted of and T.L. Shaffer. 2002. ments based on their field- private property used for grazing Floristic quality assessment of collected data. Mushet et al. found and agriculture, state forests used one natural and three restored that the average C and FQI values for harvesting, and crown land that wetland complexes in North based on their data were higher had a variety of uses. At each site, Dakota, USA. Wetlands than the panel assigned values. the following was measured: (1) 22(1):126-138. However, the difference between Habitat - width of riparian vegeta- The Mushet et al. paper consists the values was not significant. The ted bank and length of continuous of an evaluation of Swink and authors conclude that C values riparian vegetation, (2) Cover - Wilhem's floristic quality assess- assigned by a panel of experts who canopy, understory, and ground ment method. In Swink and are familiar with the local flora cover and number of vegetation Wilhem's method, plants are can provide adequate information layers, (3) Banks - bank stability, assigned a value from 0-10 by a on which to base a floristic aquatic woody debris, and soil panel of experts. An average value assessment. structure, (4) Debris - leaf litter, can then be assigned to an area to standing dead trees, and terrestrial represent the “quality” of the area Jansen, A., and A. I. Robertson. woody debris, 5) Natives - under assessment. This method 2001. Relationships between canopy, understory and ground has been criticized because the livestock management and the cover, and 6) Species - Eucalyptus values are “subjective” due to their ecological condition of ripar- camaldilensis (Red River gum - assignment by a panel of experts. ian habitats along an Austral- the dominant riparian tree) regen- Mushet et al. evaluated this ian floodplain river. Journal of eration and damage to the regen- method in one natural and three Applied Ecology 38:63-75. eration of Phragmites australis. restored wetland complexes. Jansen and Robertson developed The authors also recorded several In the Swink and Wilhem an appraisal method to assess the indicators of land management floristic quality assessment ecological condition of riparian practices such as land use and method, plants are assigned a areas. It was used to assess how tenure type in order to facilitate value from 0-10 (C values) based the effects of cattle grazing on the correlation of the condition of on their degree of tolerance to riparian areas vary along the riparian areas assessed to manage- disturbance and their fidelity to a Murrumbidgee River in south- ment practices. specific habitat. In this method, a eastern Australia. Jansen and Roberson found that very conservative species would Jansen and Robertson's rapid all subindex scores increased with be assigned a value of 10 if it has a assessment method is based on six an increase in riparian condition very low tolerance to disturbance subindices: (1) Habitat - habitat scores; however, the average and a very high fidelity to a continuity, (2) Cover - vegetation abundance of exotic species was specific habitat. A C value is then cover and structural complexity, high in all areas and bank condi- assigned to each species that is (3) Banks - bank and soil structure tion averages were low. They known to be found in the area and stability, (4) Debris - standing found that distance upstream, and under assessment by a panel of and fallen debris, (5) Natives - grazing practices such as stocking experts. To determine the areas dominance of natives vs. exotics, rate and periods of paddock rest overall quality, an average C value and (6) Species - indicative species. accounted for 76% of the variance is calculated. A Floristic Quality Each subindex score was weighted in riparian condition. The authors Index (FQI) can also be deter- based on the relative “importance” suggest that decreasing stocking mined simply by dividing the sum of each subindex. For example, rates, resting paddocks, and pro- of the C values by the square root Natives and Species were given viding water sources away from of N (total number of species). The lower weighting than other sub- rivers could increase riparian FQI then incorporates species indices. For each area assessed, condition. richness into the index. the subindex scores were averaged Indices of ecological condition Mushet et al. carried out floristic and then summed to give a total can be a fast method of assessing assessments of 16 natural wetlands score for each site. The overall ecological condition. However, it and a total of 37 restored wetlands. assessment scores ranged from 0 is important to modify any index First the authors used the C values (worst) to 50 (best). for the particular area that is to be assigned by the panel in their The author's assessed three main assessed. It is also important to assessment of each of the areas. categories of land use within 138 make assessments at many loca- The Arizona Riparian Council 14 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2 tions instead of a few to get an have the potential to decrease the accuracy of assessments, which accurate assessment of the ecolog- time involved in assessing ecolog- can only lead to better land ical condition of an area. Indices ical condition and increase the management.

COMMITTEE REPORTS

TREASURER’S REPORT EDUCATION COMMITTEE April 2002 Oct 2000 to Oct 2001 It’s been a while since you’ve Living Desert, Earth Day Oct 00 Balance: $10,998.49 been updated on the activities of Celebration, Glendale Oct 01 Balance: $ 8489.65 the Education Committee. The Earth Day Event, Gentle Strength $1,615 donation that we received Coop, Tempe Expenditures: $10,036.34 last year from Wild Oats Market Fall Meeting $110.13 was used toward photocopies of The Council display is in need of CES1 $3,941.56 our fact sheets that are distributed a redo. It’s been through many, Folders and Name Tags $2,587.27 at environmental education fairs. many events and some of the Spring Meeting $3,379.88 We continue to display our booth pieces are in need of repair or Bank fees $ 17.50 at many of the environmental replacement. New photos and help education fairs and events. Below would be appreciated. I can always Income: $7,527.50 are listed those in the past year. use volunteers who are willing to Dues $515.00 Most of these events occur in the help by manning the booth at these Meeting + Dues $5,397.50 spring and fall. fairs. I love to do it but just can’t Donation $1,615.00 do them all. Special thanks go to September 2001 Theresa Shaffer, Theresa Pinto, Diane Laush, Tom Lazzelle, and Oct 2001 through May 16, 2002 Arizona Association for Kris Randall who have helped this Environmental Education past year. If anyone is interested in Expenditures: Meeting in Flagstaff helping please give me a call (480) Fall Meeting $130.19 Verde River Days, Dead Horse 965-2490 or email me at Booth Space $95.00 Ranch State Park Copies for fact sheets $529.69 [email protected] CES1 $2,236.10 Spring Meeting $3,506.02 October 2001 Bank fees $10.00 Arizona Science Teachers Association, Phoenix Income: Las Cienegas Open House, Bureau Dues $292.50 of Land Management Meeting + Dues $5,525.00 November 2001 Current Balance: $7,798.15 Governor’s Pride in Arizona Awards, Phoenix

1CES costs are for copying and March 2002 postage for the newsletters and Feathered Friend Festival, meeting announcements, with Riparian Institute, Gilbert administrative fees and a few phone calls. The Arizona Riparian Council 15 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

The Arizona Riparian Council (ARC) was formed in 1986 as a result of the increasing concern over the alarming rate of loss of The Arizona Riparian Council Arizona’s riparian areas. It is estimated that <10% of Arizona’s original riparian acreage remains in its natural form. These habitats are Officers considered Arizona’s most rare natural Jeff Inwood, President ...... (480) 694-4116 communities. [email protected] The purpose of the Council is to provide for Tom Hildebrandt, Vice President . . (480) 981-9400 X221 the exchange of information on the status, [email protected] protection, and management of riparian systems in Arizona. The term “riparian” is intended to Cindy Zisner, Secretary...... (480) 965-2490 include vegetation, habitats, or ecosystems that [email protected] are associated with bodies of water (streams or Theresa Pinto, Treasurer ...... (602) 506-8127 lakes) or are dependent on the existence of [email protected] perennial or ephemeral surface or subsurface water drainage. Any person or organization At-Large Board Members interested in the management, protection, or scientific study of riparian systems, or some related phase of riparian conservation is eligible Matt Chew...... (480) 727-7881 for membership. Annual dues (January- [email protected] December) are $20. Additional contributions are Julia Fonseca ...... (520) 740-6350 gratefully accepted. [email protected] This newsletter is published three times a year Rodney Held ...... (602) 417-2400 X7012 to communicate current events, issues, problems, and progress involving riparian [email protected] systems, to inform members about Council business, and to provide a forum for you to Committee Chairs express your views or news about riparian topics. The next issue will be mailed in Classification/Inventory September, the deadline for submittal of articles is August 15, 2002. Please call or write with Roy Jemison ...... (505) 766-2017 suggestions, publications for review, announce- [email protected] ments, articles, and/or illustrations. Education Cindy Zisner ...... (480) 965-2490 Paul C. Marsh Land Use Department of Biology Marty Jakle ...... (602) 640-2720 Arizona State University PO Box 871501 Protection/Enhancement Tempe, AZ 85287-1501 Kris Randall...... (602) 207-4509 (480) 965-2977; FAX (480) 965-2519 [email protected] [email protected] Bill Werner ...... (602) 789-3607 or [email protected] Cindy D. Zisner Water Resources Center for Environmental Studies Arizona State University Julie Stromberg ...... (480) 965-0864 PO Box 873211 Tempe AZ 85287-3211 (480) 965-2490; FAX (480) 965-8087 [email protected] The Arizona Riparian Council 16 2002 Vol. 15 No. 2

CALENDAR

Arizona Riparian Council Board of Directors Meeting, July 17, 2002, 4:00 PM. Arizona Game and Fish Department Office, Flagstaff.

Fall Campout and Get Together, planned for September 2002. EC Bar Ranch, Nutrioso. Contact Cindy Zisner (480) 965-2490 or [email protected] for more information.

Arizona Hydrological Society 2002 Annual Symposium, September 18-20, Radisson Woodlands Hotel, Flagstaff Arizona. Contact Sean Welch at (928) 523-7290 or [email protected] or Christie O’Day at (480) 736-1093 X224 [email protected] for further information.

2002 Watchable Wildlife Conference, October 16-18, Saint Paul, Minnesota. For detailed information and to register go to http://www.watchablewildlife.org

BT5 1005 Center for Environmental Studies Arizona Riparian Council Arizona State University PO Box 873211 Tempe, AZ 85287-3211

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