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PDF of the Book of Amos from “The New Oxford Annotated Bible With AN ECUMENICAL STUDY BIBLE ltlHllE NIEW OXIFOl�ID ANNOTATED IBIIIBILIE W lllt IHl ltIHl IE AIPOCI� YIPIHlA REVISED STANDARD VERSION / Containing the Second Edition of the New Testament And an Expanded Edition of the Apocrypha EDITED BY HERBERT G. MAY BRUCE M. METZGER NEW YORK OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Restoration of Judah and Jerusalem JOEL 3 THE BOOK OF AMOS 1s " day for the violence done to the people And in that . of Judah, the mountains shall dnp sweet ":me, _ because they have shed innocent During the long and peaceful reign of Jeroboam II (786-746 B.c.) Israel attained a and the hills shall flowwith milk, height of territorial expansion and national prosperity never again reached. The military stream beds of Judah blood in their land. and all the be inhabited for security and economic affluence which characterized this age were taken by many Israelites shall flowwith water; 20 But Judah shall ever, as signs of the LoRD's special favor toward them which they felt they deserved because and a fountain shall come forth from . of their extravagant support of the official shrines. LORD and Jerusalem to allgenerat10ns. the house of the Into this scene stepped the prophet Amos, probably sometime during the decade 760- 21 I will avenge their blood, and I will and water the valley of Shittim. C not clear the guilty, 750 B.C. A native of the small Judean village of Tekoa, he was called by God from a for the LoRD dwells in Zion." shepherd's task ( 7 .14-15) to the difficult mission of preaching harsh words in a smooth "E blood which I season. He denounced Israel, as well as her neighbors, for reliance upon military might, 10 gypt shall become a d�solation g Gk Syr: Heb I will hold innocent their and Edom a desolate wilderness, have not held innocent and for grave injustice in social dealings, abhorrent immorality, and shallow, meaningless piety. Amos' forceful, uncompromising preaching brought him into conflict with the re­ include th paradisiacal 14 21. Rev 21 2-3 27). lB-21: The divine blessings bestowed in that day � ligious authorities of his day His personal confrontation with the priest Amaziah (7.10-17) ancient enemies, and the restor t1on o J da . fe;tility of ·th� 1an'd, the destruction of Israel's � ! _ � � remains one of the unforgettable scenes in Hebrew prophecy. Ezek.47.1-12 n. 19: Edom, Ob.11 n. �0-2l. Is.l2. , ec · 18: mountains, Am.9-.13; fountain, Expelled from the royal sanctuary at Bethel and commanded not to prophesy there 2.10-12. again, Amos probably returned to Judah and wrote down the essence of his public preach­ ing in substantially its present form. The book falls into three parts, chs. 1-2, oracles against Israel's neighbors; chs. 3-6, indictment of Israel herself for sin and injustice; and chs. 7-9, visions of Israel's coming doom. Amos became the first in a brilliant succession of writing prophets whose words have left their indelible stamp on later thought about God an man. 1 H WORDS OF AMOS, WHO WAS because they have threshed Gilead 7l among the shepherds of Teko'a, with threshing sledges of iron. \ which he. saw concerning Israel in the 4 So I will send a fireupon the house days of Uzzi'ah king of Judah and in of Haz'ael, the days of Jerobo' am the son of Jo' - and it shall devour the strongholds ash, king of Israel, two yearsa before of Ben-ha'dad. theearthquake. 2 And he said: 5 I will break the bar of Damascus, "The LORD roars from Zion, and cut offthe inhabitants from and utters his voice from the Valley of A ven, c Jerusalem; and him that holds the scepter from the pastures of the shepherds mourn, Beth-eden; and the top of Carmel withers." and the people of Syria shall go into exile to Kir," 3 Thus says the LORD: says the LORD. "For three transgressions of Damascus, 6 Thus says the LoRD: and for four, I will not revoke the b a Or during two years punishment; b Heb cause it to return c Or On 1.1: Superscription. He saw, see Nah.1.1 n. Uzziah reigned over the southern kingdom from 783 to 742 B.C. The earthquake, mentioned again in Zech.14.5, cannot be precisely dated. 1.2-2.16: Indictment of neighboring peoples, Israel, and Judah. Amos applies the same stand­ ardsto Israel's neighbors and to Israel. 2: This verse occurs in similar formin Jl.3.16 (compare Jer.25.30). Some scholars consider it an editorial addition. It sounds the solemn theme of the whole section. 3,6,9, etc.: Thus says the LORD and the conclusion says the LORD (Hebrew, "the oracle of Yahweh") are standard formulas identifying prophetic oracles. The expression for three transgressions . .. and for four indicates "more than enough" (Job 33.14; Pr.30.18). Here transgression means rebellion. 3-5: Against Damascus (compare Is.17.1-3; Jer.49.23-27; Zech. 9.1-4). Damascus was the capital of Syria; Hazael and Ben-hadad III were rulers (2 Kg.13.3); and Kir is called the place of Syrian origins (Am.9.7) and exile (2 Kg.16.9). The Valleyof Aven, perhaps to be read "the Valley of On," may be between the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon ranges. Beth-eden is the Bit-idini of the Assyrian records, by the Euphrates. The Syrian conquest of [1106] [1107] Judgment AMOS 2 Judgment on the nations on Israel AMOS 3 13 because they have rejected the "For three transgressions of Gaza, Thus says the LORD: law and some of your young men for and for four, I bwill not revoke the "For three transgressions of the of the LoRD, Nazirites. and have not kept his punishment; Ammonites, statutes, Is it not indeed so, 0 people of because they carried into exile a and for four, I bwill not revoke the but their lies have led them astray, Israel?" whole people punishment; 5 after which their fathers walked. So I will send says the LORD. 7 to deliver them up to Edom. because they have ripped up women a fireupon Judah, 12 So I will send a fireupon the wall with child in Gilead, and it shall devour the strongholds "But you made the Nazirites drink of Gaza, that they might enlarge their of Jerusalem." wine, and it shall devour her 14 border. and commanded the prophets, 6 saying, 'You shall 8 strongholds. So I will kindle a firein the wall of Thus says the LORD: not prophesy.' 13 I will cut offthe inhabitants from Rabbah, "For three transgressions of Israel, "Behold, and it shall devour her e I will press you down in Ashdod, and for four, I will not revoke the your place, and him that holds the scepter strongholds, punishment; as with shouting in the day of battle, because a cart full of sheaves presses from Ash'kelon; they sell the righteous for 14 down. I will turn my hand against Ekron; with a tempest in the day of the silver, Flight es whirlwind; shall perish from the swift, and the remnant of the Philistin 15 and the needy for a pair of shoes- king shall go into exile, 7 and the strong shall not retain his shall perish," and their they that trample the head of the strength, says the Lord Goo. he and his princes together," poor into the dust of the earth, 9 15 nor shall the mighty save his says the LORD. and tum aside the way life; Thus says the LORD: of the he who handles the bow shall not afflicted; stand, "For three transgressions of Tyre, Thus says the LORD: a man an his father b Q go in to the and he who is swift and for four, I will not revoke the _ "For three transgressions of Moab, sam i maiden, of foot shall punishment; and for four, I will not revoke the not save himself, 8 so tha my holy name is profaned; nor shall he who because they delivered up a whole punishment/ they lay themselves rides the horse down beside 16 save his life; people to Edom, because he burned to lime eveIT altar and did not remember the and he who is stout of heart among 2 the bones of the king of Edom. upon ·garments taken in pledge; covenant of brotherhood. So I will send a fireupon Moab, the mighty and in the house of their God they shallflee away 1o So I will send a fire upon the wall of and it shall devour the drink naked in that day," says the LoRD. Tyre, strongholds of Ker'ioth, the wine of those who have been and it shall devour her die amid uproar, and Moab shall fined. 3 Hear this word that the LORD has strongholds." amid shouting and the sound of spoken 11 9 against you, 0 people of 3 the trumpet; . Israel, against the whole family Thus says the LORD: I will cut offthe ruler from its midst, "Yet I destroyed the Amorite before which "For three transgressions of Edom, them, I2 brought up out of the land of Egypt: b andhim," will slay allits princes with and for four, I will not revoke the whose height was like the height "You only have I known of all the families punishment; says the LORD. of the cedars, of the earth; he pursued his brother with therefore I will punish you because 4 and who was as strong as the oaks; the sword, I destroyed his for all your iniquities.
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