IAR Journal of Humanities and Social Science ISSN Print : 2708-6259 | ISSN Online : 2708-6267 Frequency: Bi-Monthly Language: Multilingual Origin: KENYA Website : https://www.iarconsortium.org/journal-info/IARJHSS Research Article

Paderi War From The Perspective of 's Total War Strategy Article History Abstract: The Padre War was a war that took place in the region of West Received: 10.04.2021 Sumatra from 1803-1837, with the religious figure Revision: 20.04.2021 as its leader. It was the longest War during pre-Independence Indonesia, Accepted: 30.04.2021 which was originally a civil war and turned into a war against Published: 10.05.2021 Colonialism. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a library study technique. The formulation of this research problem is Author Details whether the priest's War can be declared as the War of the Indonesian Budi Total War, how the priest's War's strategy, according to the persimmons' Authors Affiliations characteristics, realize the victory and nationalism of Minangkabau Universitas Pertahanan people in mobilizing the community against Colonialism. The results of Corresponding Author* the research are, the war priest according to the philosophy of defense Budi science, the strategy of Total defense, and according to the characteristics How to Cite the Article: of the Indonesian total War, the theory of victory, diplomacy, and Budi. (2021); Paderi War From The Perspective nationalism of the Total War, can be classified into the Indonesian total of Indonesia's Total War Strategy. IAR J Huma War. Soc Sci; 2021; 2(3): 1-7 Copyright @ 2021: This is an open-access article Keywords: Paderi war, Indonesian Total War, Strategy, Civil war, War distributed under the terms of the Creative Philosophy. Commons Attribution license which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non commercial use INTRODUCTION (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the original author and source are credited. The Padre War has initially been a civil war between the indigenous peoples and the Paderi in Minangkabau, which began in 1803 and continued into resistance against dutch Colonialism until 1937. For about the first 18 years (1803-1821), the War was a civil war between fellow Minangs and Mandailing people (Radjab, 2019). This War was encouraged by the movement to purify the teachings of that had been embraced by the minang community in the 13th century because Islam began to enter Tiku, Pariaman, Air Bangis, and coastal areas of , (Abdullah, 1966) but still mixed with customs that are contrary to religious teachings.

The Dutch used this calm to support the indigenous parties because of the desire to control the Minangkabau region to implement the monopoly of the coffee trade. (Regan, 2000) The victory obtained by the indigenous people with the Dutch's help reduced the authority of the rulers in the indigenous peoples in the government in Minangkabau. This eventually sparked hatred and raised public awareness. So there was an agreement between the indigenous people and the priests to then jointly face Dutch control.

The priestly movement and local movements in various parts of the archipelago during the period of the War of independence against Dutch Colonialism and Portuguese and English Colonialism entered the archipelago is an important milestone in the . (Asroruddin &Amin, 2020) The Paderi War showed the 's persistence in fighting for independence by utilizing various resources and involving the entire Minangkabau region and parts of Tapanuli.

Problem formulation Based on the description above, the author formulates the following problems:  Can the Paderi War be declared a universe war that occurs in Indonesia, judging by various theories related to the theory of the Indonesian universe war?  How does the priest's war strategy, according to the characteristics of Total War, realize the priest's War's victory?  How has Minangkabau nationalism mobilized people against Dutch Colonialism?

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ESEARCH ETHODS In 1812, the traditional leader Datuk Sati and his R M followers attacked Bonjol at the Paderi movement The method used in this study is Descriptive center. Imam Bonjol and other scholars led the Paderi. qualitative with library study techniques. Metode The conflict between the two peoples, due to Datuk Sati research is a scientific way to obtain data to be was not happy to see the reform efforts made by the described, proven, developed, and discovered Paderi movement under Tuanku Imam Bonjol, which knowledge, theory to understand, solve, and anticipate could result in the removal of the influence of problems in human life. (Sugiyono, 2012) According to indigenous power in the community. In opposition to Gay (1976), qualitative research collects, analyzes, and the indigenous people, the Paderi was superior and won, interprets narratives comprehensively on visual data to especially in War. gain insight into certain exciting phenomena. The author describes in detail the events based on data At first, this movement got resistance from the sourced from the literature and analyzes the indigenous people, who then carried out an attack on phenomenon ad to get conclusions. the Bonjol area, but Tuanku Imam Bonjol and followers could break the attack (Radjab, 2019). Finally, there RESULTS AND DISCUSSION was an agreement between the two sides in which the The Doctrine of defense explains that the War of the Paderi and the i ndigenous people were free to practice people of the universe is essentially a total war of all their respective religions. In the treaty, the indigenous Indonesian people by exerting all national power and people were displeased and continued to gather strength resources to uphold the sovereignty of the country, to fight the Padre movement. They set up a stronghold territorial integrity, and the safety of the nation of other to float Bonjol. When he began to leave the stronghold, nations that threaten or occupation territory he was attacked by my lord Imam Bonjol. Tuanku (Department of Defense, 2007). The wars of the people Imam Bonjol can defeat them; the entire area of Alahan of the universe are populist, Total, and territorial. Panjang is controlled and can be carried out cleansing Populism is realized through all Indonesians' actions contrary to Islamic teachings and purification participation in accordance with their roles, abilities, practices of Islamic education can run. professions, and expertise as a manifestation of the rights and obligations of every citizen in defending the In South Tapanuli, in this battle, my lord Imam country. The total (Kesemestaan) is realized through the Bonjol attacked the indigenous peoples in the depths of deployment of all Indonesian national forces and Sikaping to Rao, Talu, Bangis water, Sasak, Tiku, and resources to be mobilized in the interests of facing a the entire West coast of Minangkabau as well as form of threat, both from abroad and domestically. The Pasaman area, all areas of the site can be controlled. regional territory is manifested in the utilization of all regions of the country as a fighting space in developing In and Daludalu north of Pasaman. In this defense strategies to achieve goals. (Prabowo, 2019) resistance, the Paderi established fortifications in Riau and Daludalu. Tuanku (my lord) Rao (SM, 2015) led Series of Padre Wars the ground fortress (, 1974), while the Dalu-dalu Start In 1803, religious figures' arrival to purify the fortress was led by (Department of teachings of religion so has caused a dispute. The Information Communication and Statistics of DKI dispute flared into a war between the scholars against Provincial Government, 2017) and Tuanku the indigenous people in Bonjol, Pasaman area in West Lelo. The three figures led the Paderi movement in Sumatra. The opposition began with the Paderi South Tapanuli against the indigenous peoples in 1816. movement, which aimed to improve Islamic practice among the Minangkabau people. The action was driven Dutch involvement by the Minangkabau social situation that is considered Because of the urgency in the War and the uncertain unsuitable according to Islam, such as gambling, existence of Yang Dipertuan Pagaruyung, the led chicken fighting, and others that litter practice of by Sultan Tangkal Alam Bagagar asked the Dutch for Islamic teachings—done by the indigenous people help on February 21, 1821, although in fact, Sultan under the leadership of Datuk Sati. Tangkal Alam Bagagar at that time was considered not entitled to make an agreement on behalf of Pagaruyung The Paderi were led by the Miskin, Sumanik kingdom. (Amran, 1981) As a result of this agreement, Hajj, Piobang Hajj and other scholars, namely Tuanku the Dutch made it a sign of the 's Nan Tuo, Tuanku Mesingen, Tuanku Nan Renceh, handover to the government, then Tuanku Imam Bonjol, , Tuanku Lelo, appointed Sultan Tangkal Alam Bagagar as Regent of Tuanku Lintau, Tuanku Tambusai. The target of the Tanah Datar. Paderi movement was to confront the indigenous peoples starting in 1812 to 1816. (Martamin, 1981) Dutch involvement in the War was invited by the , and dutch intervention in the War was marked by the invasion of Simawang and Sulit Air by the forces

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Budi; IAR J Huma Soc Sci; Vol-2, Iss- 3 (May-Jun, 2021): 1-7 of Captain Goffinet and Captain Dienema in April 1821 Philosophy is a science called "Mother of science," at the behest of Resident James du Puy in . Then meaning philosophy is the parent of all sciences. on December 8, 1821, came additional troops led by Philosophy is the mother of science (Halkis, 2020). Lieutenant Colonel Raaff to strengthen positions in the Philosophy is able to offer a variety of solutions in controlled area. solving a problem. Philosophy is a comprehensive science that seeks to understand the problems that arise The Paderi faced the Dutch from 1821 to 1837. within the entire scope of human experience. Thus The hostility of the Paderi and the indigenous philosophy is needed by human beings in an effort to peoples was reconciled, and they then united against the answer questions that arise in various fields of human Dutch as a common enemy faced with all forces. Imam life, including the problems of life in the field of Bonjol's struggle in the Padre movement against the education. The answer to the results of philosophical Dutch was carried out in three stages as follows: thinking is systematic, integral, thorough, and fundamental. Philosophy in seeking answers is done in Phase I (1821-1825). The Dutch attacked the Paderi a scientific way, objectively, giving accountability in 1821 under Lieutenant Colonel Raaf. Tuanku Imam based on the human mind, as well as to answer human Bonjol led the Paderi forces in a counterattack against problems in the field of education. (Rakhmat, 2007) the Dutch troops in Batu Sankar. In that attack, my lord Imam Bonjol was able to disable the power of the In principle, philosophy places something based on Dutch army. As a result, the Dutch were forced to ask the ability of human reasoning. Truth in the context of Batavia for help. Finally, there was a negotiation in philosophy is the truth that depends entirely on the Padang Panjang in 1825 the contents of the truce of ability of human reasoning. The ability to think or weapons between the two. (Pitono, 1967) reason is a form of human reasoning through knowledge received through the five senses, processed, Phase II (1825-1830). In this period, each side and intended to achieve truth. respected the contents of the treaty in 1825, but the situation was still in the cold War. There were minor The Padre War was originally a war caused by the clashes between the two sides, which the Dutch could opposition of the indigenous peoples (Blacks) and the extinguish. Padre. Paderi is derived from the word Padree which means religious leader. The word 'Paderi' is an Phase III (1830-1837). The situation in Indonesian absorption word that, according to Sutan Minangkabau at that time was still not peaceful. There Mohammad Zain, comes from Portuguese, meaning were many armed clashes between the Dutch and the pastor, or means the same as the word 'padre' in Spanish Paderi. The Dutch accused the Padres of not complying (Munsyi, 2003). However, some historians argue, the with the Padang treaty of 1825, so in 1831, Dutch word 'Paderi' is a term for scholars who have studied soldiers led by Lt. Col. Alout and major Michaels Islam in Pedir. (Sugono et al., 2008) attacked the Paderi's defenses near Tiku, which was the trading center of the Paderi. Finally, the Dutch not only Epistemologically, the Paderi War was seen as an controlled Tiku but also captured Bonjol. (Pitono, 1967) attempt by the Minangkabau people to rise to the Dutch's colonization. Efforts were made with the War In 1833 the Padre forces under the master Imam that lasted for almost 35 years. Despite the defeat, the Bonjol attacked Bonjol, which the Dutch controlled, struggle of Tuanku Imam Bonjol along with other and they managed to occupy Bonjol. And in 1834, fighters was actually a form of rejection of foreign Bonjol was attacked again by the Dutch, and this attack control in west Sumatra. yielded no results. In 1837, the Dutch assembled their army to take control of Bonjol under Chocius and Axiology is the value of the usefulness of science, Michaels. Finally, Bonjol's fortress fell, and Imam the investigation of the principles of value. Bonjol managed to escape from the Dutch army's siege. Etymologically, the term axiology comes from Ancient (Martamin, 1981) Greek, consisting of the word "axos" meaning value and the word "logos" meaning theory. The understanding of But then, in order to soften the heart of my master the Priest's War was axiological, the longest-running Imam Bonjol, the Dutch offered the freedom of my War of the 19th century. This long-running War master Imam Bonjol to live as a Particle in Alahan provides an understanding to the successors of the Panjang. Tuanku Imam Bonjol was then lured by Dutch nation how the warfighters with guerrilla warfare promises but was later arrested and exiled to Batavia, strategy have been able to involve all Minangkabau Cianjur, Ambon, and Minahasa. Until he died in Luta' society components to survive a long time facing a village in 1864. (Kartodirjo et al., 1975) protracted war situation. The support of the whole community and the War took place throughout the Priest's War according to the Philosophy of The region of West Sumatra, which means that the value of War of the Universe the Universe war has been able to permeate the values of the priest's War.

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Budi; IAR J Huma Soc Sci; Vol-2, Iss- 3 (May-Jun, 2021): 1-7 Padre Total War Defense Strategy Minangkabau People's Universe War Diplomacy The defense strategy of the people is a Total war The Dutch's efforts drew strong resistance from the strategy that has led the Indonesian nation to its priests, leaving the Dutch to find another way to defeat. independence and become a nation in line with other Negotiations are underway. Nevertheless, during the nations. The concept will be revitalized and re- ceasefire period, Tuanku Imam Bonjol continued to try actualized through the concept of state defense to restore strength and also tried to re-embrace the awareness in order to deal with various threats and Adats. So finally came a compromise known as "Plakat disturbances typical of the era. The Defense of the Puncak Pato" in Bukit Marapalam, Tanah Datar People of the Universe is a Total defense and security, Regency (Darmawan, 2017) that embodies the which is used by all national forces in total and integral, consensus with Basandi Syarak Custom, Syarak by prioritizing the power of militancy as an element of Basandi Kitabullah which means Minangkabau custom its strength to maintain the independence and based on Islam, while Islam is based on the Qur'an. sovereignty of the State of Indonesia, guarantee the integrity of the nation and secure all efforts to achieve Because of the difficulty of conquering Bonjol, Indonesia's national goals (Defense-Security, 1978). dutch residents in Padang sent a letter to Tuanku Imam Bonjol containing an invitation to negotiate. Imam Almost all dutch officials who had been involved in Bonjol accepted the offer on several conditions; among the War against Paderi admitted that the Padres were others, the road from to Rao should not pass the most difficult enemies to defeat. Dutch difficulties through Bonjol. Minangkabau people should not be against Paderi, who had many fighters, strong and good forced to join Rodi Dutch should stop their intervention at strengthening his defenses, including his strongholds in Minangkabau. in each village, caused the Dutch to be often forced to ask for additional army assistance and weaponry Betawi Several times Tuanku Imam Bonjol's hideout was (Muhamad Radjab 2019:50). Therefore, almost 15 years besieged by the Dutch, but he was able to escape to the ago, Bonjol could be controlled by the Dutch seven Lurah areas. A month later, an invitation came (Muhamad Shafiq 2015). from the resident of West Sumatra to negotiate in Padang (October 28, 1837). The invitation was granted. The difficulties faced by the Dutch, written by But it turned out that he was betrayed. Arriving in Dutch officials in West Sumatra which explains the Padang, the resident troops he met, but the Dutch army difficulties faced during the War against the Paderi. was ready to capture him (Muslim, 2019). This meant that the Dutch recognized Paderi's greatness in defending their sovereignty from the Dutch invaders. The Principle of The Priest's War. To control the Paderi fortress, the dutch had to use a The Doctrine of the defense of the state explains that large army and then guard the fort with a stick so as not the War of the people of the universe is essentially a to be recaptured by Paderi fighters. (Ali, 2019; Radjab, total war of all Indonesians by exerting all national 2019). power and resources to uphold the sovereignty of the state, territorial integrity, and the safety of the nation of In the face of the Dutch, Tuanku Imam Bonjol also other nations that threaten or occupation territory. The built a fortification among others in Bonjol called wars of the people of the universe are populist, Total, Bonjol fortress; in Pasaman and surrounding areas, and territorial. Populism is realized through all there is also Rao Fort led by Tuanku Rao and Dalu-dalu Indonesians' participation in accordance with their fortress led by Tuanku Tambusai (Muslim, 2019). roles, abilities, professions, and expertise as a manifestation of the rights and obligations of every The Dutch attacked Bonjol from various directions citizen in defending the country. Kesemestaan is (September 10, 1833) from Bukittinggi, Pariaman, and realized through the deployment of all Indonesian South Tapanuli. Attacks from Bukittinggi through national forces and resources to be mobilized in the Matur and Pantar continued to Bonjol under the interests of facing a form of threat, both from abroad leadership of Van Den Bosch; from Pariaman to and domestically. The regional territory is realized in Manggopoh under Lieutenant Colonel Elout: and from the utilization of all regions of the country as a fighting South Tapanuli Tuanku Rao under Major Eilers. room in developing defense strategies to achieve goals (Prabowo, 2019). The massive attack caused Bonjol's fortress to fall. The Dutch occupied Bonjol, and General Van Den The populist principle of the Padre War was Bosch issued a "long plaque" (October 25, 1833), demonstrated by the involvement of Minangkabau stating that indigenous rulers would still rule people in the War that took place against the Dutch Minangkabau people and the Dutch would not impose occupation. History records di Alahan Panjang, and taxes on the people. simultaneous attacks can be carried out by Minangkabau people and successful repelling the Dutch. On September 13, 1833, Dutch troops were intercepted by the people's forces from Tanah Datar, so

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Budi; IAR J Huma Soc Sci; Vol-2, Iss- 3 (May-Jun, 2021): 1-7 his journey to attack the Paderi base in Lalang city was The Theory of Victory in the Padre War hampered. Then, on September 11, 1835, when the Whether the victory is intended as a result or as an Dutch left Gedang City to pursue Paderi fighters, a aspiration, both should be examined on several levels: supply warehouse guarded only by a few Dutch troops tactics, strategies, grand strategies (Martel, 2011). in the city was burned by the people of Gedang. On The Dutch's tactics against the Dutch were June 21, 1835, with great force, the Dutch began demonstrated by guerrilla resistance, which proved an advancing towards the final target of Bonjol. Before the attempt at suspension by the Dutch through negotiations enemy forces reached the last target, at Jambak village for a ceasefire in 1825. got fierce resistance from the people's army and Paderi. And on December 11, 1835, the villagers of Alahan The strategy aimed at also realizing the desire that Mati and Simpang took up arms against the Dutch's the indigenous people can follow the Rules of Islam run blockade, forcing the Dutch to bring in troops from by the followers of Islam can actually also be realized Madura. by the priests with the return of the rulers and customary rulers sided with the position against the The principle of Persimmonism is shown in the Dutch power. priest's War with the utilization and use of all available resources as a means to win the War. The ability to Mandel describes strategic victories in terms of carry out the continuity of the War is certainly objectives or interconnected informational, military, supported by various factors, always maximizing political, economic, social, and diplomatic objectives or strength, logistical support capabilities, weapons elements. War is a battle of wills between opponents, support capabilities, knowledge of fortification and so it is interactive; it is a collision of two living forces. defense (Ali, 2019). all of them can be summarized in (Clausewitz et al., 1989) While Gray expressed the term the perception of persimmons. strategic success ( strategic success) & strategic advantage ( strategic advantage) as a measure of Various weaponry was used during the priest's War. success that is sufficient in achieving political goals. From traditional weaponry. With all the weaponry on Based on this understanding, in the War, priests can be them, such as a teenager (balansa rifle), machetes, seen as the success of the war paderi with the spears, hoes, sickles, knives, and so on, to disperse the submission of Minangkabau society to the rules and 'sin' party organized by the rulers in Bukit Batabuh laws that must be run as a Muslim community and carry (Subroto, 2015). So it is with the Dutch. Supported by out the rules of Islam. the mental attitude of sabil war, War after War provides a balance to the Dutch weaponry that is much more This decisive and/or transformative aspect of the modern. War supported by Luttwak (1999), violence may have to continue until the fighters are exhausted, or someone The principle of Kemestaan was also conveyed by achieves a decisive victory. The idea of the final state of Christine Dobbin in (Subroto, 2015), a researcher from the desired War implies that victory occurs if the Australia in her writing, "Economic Change In outcome of the War corresponds to the objectives Minangkabau As A Factor In The Rise Of The Paderi articulated before the War the relationship between the Movement, 1784-1830" recognizes the progress objectives and outcomes of the War achieved on reform (more precisely called revolution because it concerns various aspects of life although the In addition, the form of the victory obtained by most visible is religious, economic and political Minangkabau people is the mastery of the gambir practice) spearheaded by these Minang scholars. garden, as the income of the peasant community. For Religious problems are only part of the problem and West Sumatra, primarily Limapuluh Kota, gambir complex of the joints of people's lives Minangkabau plantations are managed by the people in the form of a (Subroto, 2015). garden system; this is different from other regions. Gambir became a plantation worked by the Dutch According to Mestika Zed, in Marbun (2017), government (Putri, 2005). In North Sumatra, Asahan as before the Dutch built a fortress in Air Bangis, there Onderneming Gunung Melayu, also in Indragiri and in had been a previous Paderi fortress in the area. In the Kalimantan (Dobbin &Tedjasudhana, 1972) Paderi period, Urang Kayo Rao and his troops had resigned to Air Bangis, building a quarter there, but it They reformed Islam to the community and then was likely to have to face the Dutch, which caused formed paderi villages and taught paderi teachings. The Urang Kayo Rao to step aside elsewhere to Dalu-dalu. Paderi movement has a positive impact in the South So then, Air Bangis turned into an important area for Tapanuli area; the paderi movement also changes the the Netherlands. This understanding led to the fact that community's social and political life. Islam became the defense with the fortification system had become part of majority religion and culture developed as in the priests' tactics in the face of the Dutch. Minangkabau. It can be seen, in fact, that the ideals of Tuanku Imam Bonjol in the Paderi movement were

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Budi; IAR J Huma Soc Sci; Vol-2, Iss- 3 (May-Jun, 2021): 1-7 realized in Minangkabau and other areas. (Muslim, also a great mobilization force of various regions of his 2019) power in the realm of Minangkabau kingdom to join forces against the invaders. Moreover, after the Paderi Minangkabau Nationalism movement under the leadership of Imam Bonjol with Minangkabau traditional people make nature as a his Bonjol fortress base in Alam Panjang, therefore the guide to their lives and as a source of analogy in giving Dutch, after returning to Minangkabau in 1816 birth to norms that govern life, as well as guiding in previously controlled by the British, exerted all their thinking and acting. This philosophy of nature is listed power to paralyze Paderi. Sartono noted that the Dutch in nature become a teacher (Alam Takambang Jadi were forced to be defensive because the Paderi staged Guru). Learning from nature as well as from the attacks on coastal areas, which led to anarchy and the experience of one's own life and others is the dominant expansion of Mandailing, land, and Riau. thinking orientation in Minangkabau society (Navis, Although since Bonjol agreement was signed in early 1984) because of its valuable nature and related to 1824 and with various Dutch ruses against Paderi, but something that is desired together, which in turn affects the resistance of this movement against the invaders the selection of ways, tools, and objectives of an action continued and was not easily extinguished(Kartodirdjo, (Attubani, 2012) in a solid and entrenched society. 1993)

The War has raised the spirit of nationalism of CONCLUSION Minangkabau people in the battle against the invaders, whose purpose is not only about the interests of ethnic From 1803 to 1837, the Paderi War was a civil war Minangkabau, but not also about the conquest or that turned into a war against Dutchcolonialists, with ownership of the territory, but about the defense or Minangkabau clerics led by Tuanku Imam Bonjol. dissemination of ideas about living as based on the right teachings, then about the principles of According to the Philosophy of Defense sciences, independence, unity, the advantages of various types ontologically, epistemologically (meaning), and that are not material. The War has been rooted in axiologically (usefulness of science), priestly warfare Minangkabau society's soul about the importance of can be judged as the War of the Indonesian universe. realizing a common desire that is a priority. The importance of being free from another nation's rule, The paderi War's defense strategy is carried out by which does not regard the same dignity and dignity as a utilizing all available resources used as a defense, is free nation. even regional, and involves the clergy, indigenous groups, and Minangkabau people. The War has changed using sentimental attitudes and hatred towards the migrants who intend to control Diplomacy efforts through negotiations conducted Minangkabau people's lives. This sentiment has never by priests with indigenous peoples to compromise in previously been recognized as an element of strength in order to understand the situation in the face of the same organizing resistance against the invaders. enemy.

Paderi led by Tuanku Nan Renceh, Tuanku The victory was realized by the re-joining of Pasaman, Tuanku Rao, Tuanku Tambusai, Tuanku indigenous peoples in the clergy group and the lintau, Tuanku Mansiangan, Tuanku Pandai Sikek, and realization of the application of religious teachings in Tuanku Barumun, or better known as Harimau nan accordance with the expectations of priests. Salapan. Tuanku Nan Renceh was very interested and supported the wishes of the three Pilgrims along with Minangkabau community nationalism also rose, so other scholars in Minangkabau, then asked Tuanku it became a pattern and a deeply rooted way in Lintau to invite yang Dipertuan Pagaruyung Sultan Minangkabau people's life about the principles of Arifin Muningsyah and the Adat to abandon some independence, unity, and profit that is not only material. customs that are contrary to islamic teachings.(Azwar, The War has been rooted in Minangkabau society's soul 2018) about the importance of realizing a common desire that is apriority. Mobilization in the Padre War Paderi movement as local movements in various Paderi war, like other local movements in various parts of the archipelago during the War of independence parts of the archipelago in the period of War of against Dutch Colonialism in addition to Portuguese independence against Dutch Colonialism, has become a and British colonization that entered the archipelago is milestone of the movement of the archipelago people to an important milestone in the history of Indonesia. rise up against Colonialism, resistance that continues Paderi movement, according to Sartono Kartodirdjo in and is not easy to extinguish. Nashir (2007), in addition to succeeding in purging Islam from the influence of a local culture that is considered to violate the teachings of orthodox Islam, is

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