WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION MONDIALE ORGAN I ZATION DE LA SANT~

REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC BUREAU REGIONAL DU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL

REGIONAL COMMITTEE WP/RC14/6 ,->- 10 July 1963 Fourteenth Session Port Moresby 5-10 September 1963 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Agenda Item 13

FACILITIES FOR EDUCATION .AND TRAINING OF HEALTH PERSONNEL IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC REGION

During the thirteenth session of the Regional Committee for the Western Pacific Region, the Regional Director presented a report on "Facilities for Education and Training of Health Personnel in the Western Pacific Region. 1I1 The report emphasized the following points:

1. The success of any health programme depends primarily upon the availability of properly trained public health personnel and in many countries the lack of trained personnel for health work has been the main obstacle to the fUrther extension of the health services.

2. Training standards ought lito be related to local needs and possibilities, to local traditions and ways of life, and above all, to the realities of the situation rather than to rigid norms established elsewhere." The Organization has, therefore, recommended, encouraged and assisted the development of local training facilities and the utilization of training facilities within the Region.

3. The various countries and territories in the Region have developed training programmes based on their specific needs and resources and, as would be expected, these programmes vary. 4. A number of countries and territories in the Region accept, or are prepared to accept, foreign students for training. In addition, the document included information about same train­ ing facilities existing in the Region. The Regional Committee, reacting favourably to the report, adopted resolution WP/RC13.R2 as follows:

I Unpublished document WP/RC13/8 WP/RC14/6 page 2

"EDUCATION AND TRAINING

The Regional Committee,

Having studied the report of the Regional Director on the facilities available within the Western Pacific Region for the education and training of professional and auxiliary health personnel,

1. REITERATES the importance of awarding fellowships for study within the Region;

2. URGES the governments with suitable training pro­ grammes for foreign students to submit full information on such programmes; 3. REQUESTS the Regional Director to prepare a consoli­ dated statement for distribution to Member govern­ ments in the Region."

Following the meeting, letters requesting full information about health training facilities and programmes were sent to all governments in the Region. Six countries, namely, Australia, Cambodia, Federation of Malaya, Guam, Japan and New Hebrides had not replied at the time this report was prepared. It is hoped that they will send the neces­ sary information in the near future so that the other Member states . TJJB:y take advantage of the various training opportunities existing in these countries.

The information collected fram the various countries is sum­ marized below. It will be noted that the progr,wmnes listed range .fram those intended to train sub-professional or auxiliary workers for employment within a specific country, to those designed to prepare fully qualified professional workers. The latter programmes generally L. accept foreign stUdents. Note should also be taken that the medium of instruction in some instances is not in English but in the national language.

1 AUSTRALIA

1.1 Post-basic Courses

1.1.1 Diploma in Public Health, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney

This course is open to candidates with medical qualifications. The size of the class is limited preferably to not more than twenty stUdents. The curriculum includes parasitology, bacteriology, maternal and child health, vital statistics, epidemiology, etc., all of which are required. The course lasts ten months. Special­ ization in a particular field is possible by arranging that the WP/RC14/6 page 3 student spends about two months after the course in a specific department. 1.1.2 Diploma in Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney

The curriculum includes courses in preventive dentistry, given by the Faculty of Dentistry, and courses in public health which are given by the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. Candidates must have finished the basic dental course. The course lasts one year.

1.1.3 Master of Technology (Public Health Engineering), University of New South Wales

The course is intended primarily for civil engineers who are specializing or are engaged in the field of public health engineering. It is designed to cover all branches of the wide field of public health engineering including water supply, sewerage, hydraulics, hydrology, industrial hygiene, atmospheric pollution, control of disease, micro­ biology and statistics. The duration of the course is one year divided into three terms.

1~1.4 New South Wales College of Nursing

The school offers seven post-basic courses in nursing as follows:

(a) Diploma courses

(i ) Diploma in nursing administration (1i) Sister-tutor's diploma (iii) Midwife teacher's diploma (b) Certificate courses

(i) Certificate in operating theatre management (ii) Certificate in ward management (iii) Certificate in occupational health (1v) Certificate in research methods The diploma and the certificate in research methods courses last one year. Admission requirements depend on the course taken. Appli_ cantsmust be either qualified general nurses registrable or registered by the Nurses Registration Board of New South Wales or qualified general and midwifery nurses.

1.2 Qualified foreign students are admitted to all the above courses. Instruction is in the English language. WP/RC14/6 page 4

2 BRITISH SOLOMON ISLANDS PROTECTORATE 2.1 Course for nurse/midwives (assistant)

The admission requirement is not less than six years of primary schooling. The course lasts three years and consists of a preliminary training period of eight to twelve weeks, theoretical classes and practical demonstrations, clinical nursing experience and field experience in rural health clinics. 2.2 Course for medical assistants

Admission requirements and theoretical classes are the same as for nurse/midwives. However, they receive very limited midwifery experience but more practical experience in out-patient departments and the operating theatre. Their practical public health programme is also being expanded at present.

2.3 Course for assistant midwives

Only candidates with not less than three to four years of school. ing are admitted to this course. The training which last; two years includes theoretical courses in obstetrical and general nursing, public health, etc. A period of eighteen months is spent in practical work in an approved obstetrical hospital and domiciliary work in villages.

2.4 Instruction in the above courses is in English. All courses after satisfactory completion result in registration by the local Nurses and Midwifery Board. The courses are normal..ly filled by Solomon Islanders but trainees from a neighbouring island are accom­ modated in the nurse/midwives course.

3 CHINA 3.1 Institute of Public Health, National Taiwan University 3.1.1 Master of Science degree

This is a two-year course which is divided into two classes, namely (I) the preventive medicine class and (2) the public health class. Candidates for the preventive medicine class should have an M.D. degree while those for the public health class may be physicians, dentists, pharmacists or medical technology graduates. It is planned to admit engineers and veterinarians to this class in the future. Required and elective courses in the various disciplines of preventive medicine and public health are taken in both classes.

3.1.2 Certificate in Public Health

The course lasts one academic year and is open to health workers who have graduated from colleges of medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, WP/RC14/6 page 5 nursing, veterinary medicine, sanitary or civil engineering, medical technology, or education. About four quarters are devoted to required courses in the various public health disciplines, in addition to a one-month field study. 3.1.3 Basic public health training programme

The Institute offers a two-month basic training course for qualified physicians, nurses, engineers and sanitarians. The course covers variou~ aspects of public health administration, statistics, epidemiology, etc. 3.2 Taipei Public Health Teaching and Demonstration Center 3.2.1 Post-graduate Public Health Nursing Training

The training is a non-academic one of twelve-months' duration. Admission to the programme is limited to graduate nurses of college standing. 3.2.2 Field training for public health personnel

Field training of one week's duration is provided for different categories of public health personnel who must be college graduates with at least one year's experience in public health. 3.3 Taiwan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Institute

3.3.1 Regular course

This is a three-year coursefbr midwifery students for assignment in remote areas. Ent~ance requirement is completion of the junior high school.

3.3.2 §pecial courses

These courses are non-academic and consist of theoretical and practical training.

(a) Course for medical health officers from health bureaus and health stations - three weeks.

(b) Course for nurses and/or midwives fram health bureaus and health stations - six weeks.

(c) Course for private midwives - four weeks. 3.4 Public Health Nursing Course, Taiwan Provincial Junior College of Nursing

The course consists of six months' training and six months' internship. Candidates should be registered nursing school graduates with a diploma and at least one year of service experience. WP/RC14/6 page 6

3.5 The medium o~ instruction in the above courses is mainly in Chinese.

4 FIJI

4.1 Fiji School o~ Medicine

In addition to the course ~or assistant medical or assistant -' dental o~~icersJ the School o~~ers the ~ollowing:

4.1.1 Certi~icate in Public Health

This is a siX-ffionth course for assistant medical of~icers who have qualified for at least three years. The curriculum includes courses in public health bacteriology, environmental sanitation, child and maternal health, nutrition, dental health, communicable disease control, health surveys, etc.

4.1.2 Health Inspectors Course

This is a t\'To-yea::::, course leading to the Royal Society o~ Health Certifi cate (oversea.s). The curriculum includes courses in anatomy, physiology, bacteriology, water supplies, food hygiene and nutrition, ventilation and lighting, disposal o~ excreta and re~se, sanitation o~ urban and rural areas, and other aspects of environmental sanitation and public health in general. A candidate is required to have a pass in the Senior Cambridge Overseas School Certificat(; or to have success­ fUlly c~leted the Preliminary Course conducted by the Fiji School of Medicine or to be a qualified Assistant Health Inspector with five years' satisfactory service as SUC~l.

4.1. 3 Assistant Health I11:spector Course

The cou::::'se covers two years and includes twelve months of theoretical a1".d twelve months of practical training in sanitary science. Ad".iesion requtrement is a pass in the Fiji Junior School Certificate or equivalent qualification.

4.1,4 Ancil~~~~rses The School offers a r-umber of ancillary courses for students who cannot qualify fo:r tee assistan'~ medical or dental courses, namely:

Physiothera~y - three-year course ~~ Pharmacy - three-year.course c) Pathology (laboratory assistant) - three-year course d) Radiography - tIro-year course I e) Dietetics - t..lJ.ree-,year course WP/RCl4/6 page 7

Most of the above courses are in the form of apprenticeship, students working in the various divisions of the Medical Department and receiving only varying amounts of formal teaching.

4.2 Central Nursing School

4.2.1 Colony Course

'" ---.. - This course lasts three years. Entrance requirements consist of completion of two years of secondary education (F1Ji ju01or). 4.2.2 New Zealand Course

This is a higher level course recognized by New Zealand author­ -- ities. Graduates of the course receive the New Zealand badge and certificate in general nursing. 4.3 Instruction in the above courses is in the English language. Both Schools accept qualified students from the nearby territories.

5 FRENCH POLYNESIA 5.1 General Hospital, Papeete

Training is provided here for nursing and midwifery personnel to be assigned to the various services. The student nurses follow a two­ year course of theoretical and practical training. To qualify as midwives, the students have to undertake an additional year of full obstetrical training. Candidates have to have educational requirements beyond the elementary school certificate and have to undergo a competi­ tive entrance examination. 5.2 Institute for Medical Research of French Polynesia

The Institute trains staff to be assigned to the health and preventive services. The trainees who must possess an elementary school certificate are selected through a competitive examination. After six months of training and the successful passing of an exami­ nation, they become members of the staff of the Institute. Later they are called upon to' work in the various health and preventive services all over the territory.

5.3 The training for the different health personnel is conducted in French.

6 GILBERT AND ELLICE ISLANDS COLONY

6.1 Regular courses for local health workers

(a) Colony Dresser Course - three years (b) Colony Nurse Course - three years WP/RCI4/6 page 8

6.2 Each year is divided into three terms of approximately fourteen weeks. Admission requirement is at least two years of secondary school. Instruction is in English. All advanced training of health personnel is carried on outside the Colony.

7 HONG KONG

Fa~ili ties are available for the training of the following health personnel.

7.1 Nurses

Training is for a minimum of three years. Instruction is avail­ able either in Chinese or Engli3h. Admission requires the attainment of the age of eighteen and in English-speaking training schools, the completion of Form V and passing of the School Certificate Examination or its equivalent; in alinese-speaking training schools, the completion of Senior Middle III and the possession of a school-leaving certificate or its equivalent. Registration as a nurse by the Nursing Board of Hong Kong entitles the nurses to ap:9ly to the General Nursing Council for England and Wales for ~egistration as a State Registered Nurse without further training or examination.

7.2 Mental ~~

Three yearsl training is reql1ired. Instruction is in English. Admission requirements are the sa'1le as above. Mental nurses have also the same entitlement as the above-mentioned nurses as far as registra­ tion by the Nursing Board of Hong.KOng is concerned.

7.3 Midwives

For Hong Kong registered nurses, only one year of training is required; for others, t~vo years. Instruction is available in English and Chinese. The minliIDxm educutional requirement for English-speaking training schools is co:npletion of Form IV and eligibility for .entry to Form Vj for ChlLlese-speaking training schools, completion of Senior Middle I and eligibility for entry to Se!1ior fuddle II.

7.4 Health vi~~~

The course, which is apprmcimately of one year's duration" leads to the Ex~ination for gealth Visitors and School Nurses Over­ seas conducted by the Hong Kong Exemination Board of the Royal Society of Health, London. Candidates must be registered as a nurse or midwife in Hong Kong. Instruction is in English.

7.5 Almoners

The course covers one year. Applicants must have a degree plus university diploma in social studies. Instruction is in English. ~ ~ WP/RC14/6 page 9

7.6 Health inspectors

In-service training programmes are organized for: (a) Public health inspectors taking the Examination in Tropical HYgiene of the Royal Society of Health. This is a part-time course lasting six months. Candidates must hold a certificate as public health .. ~, inspector from the Royal Society of Health and have training or experience in the subjects of examination over a period of at least three years. (b ) Student health inspectors with a view to their qualifying as health inspectors. The training is for twelve months. In addition to attending lectures students are assigned full time to qualified health inspectors to familiarize them­ selves with their duties. Candidates must have passed the Hong Kong School Certificate.

Instruction is in English. 7.7 Tuberculosis workers

An eight-month in-service training in tuberculosis welfare work is conducted •.The Hong.Kong Chinese School Certificate with a pass in English is required for admission. Instruction is in English.

8 JAPAN

8.1 Institute of Public Health, Tokyo

The Institute of Public Health gives a series of courses as follows:

8.1.1 Regular courses (a) General public health course (b) Bani tary science course (c) Health guidance course

The regular courses lasting one year are to prepare students of professional status, such as medicine, veterinary medicine, phar.ma­ ceutical medicine, dental medicine, engineering, nursing, nutrition and education in specific disciplines and subject areas basic to public health.

8.1.2 Special courses

(a) Medical health officers (b) Sanitarians WP/RC14/6 page 10·

Public health veterinarians ~~~ Health edUcators (e) Public health statisticians (f) Public health nurses (g) Nutritionists (h) Sani tary engineering (i) Public health laboratory -' (i) public health chemistry (ii) bacteriology and parasitology

(j) Radiation health (i) orientation course (ii) advanced course

The special courses, two to four months in duration, provide in­ service training for various public health workers already employed in health organizations. 8.2 Institute of Hospital Administration

The Institute offers a number of courses of one week to eight months' duration for various categories of hospital administrators and other higher categories of hospital personnel. 8.3 Instruction in the above courses is in Japanese. In the courses given by the Institute of Hospital Administration, appropriate training in English might be arranged upon request.

9 KOREA 9.1 Post-basic course 9.1.1 Master of Public Health, The School of Public Health, Seoul National University

This is a two-year course open to candidates who have cOIlQ?leted a baccalaureate deg~ee in science or its equivalent and who have passed entrance examinations given by the School. The curriculum includes a number of required courses in public health administration, environ­ mental sanitation, epidemiology, public health statistics, maternal and child health, physiological hygiene, health education and public health nursing. The School also offers about twenty elective courses. Students who have completed thirty-six credit units of required courses and ten units of elective courses, and have submitted an appropriate thesis may be considered as candidates for the degree. J. WP/RC14/6 page 11

9.2 Non-degree courses given in the National Institute for Public Health Training

This Institute is under the superv~s~on of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. It offers a number of short-te~ courses for the professional and technical training of various categories of public health personnel such as physicians, nurses, canitarians and others. 9.3 Instruction in both the above institutions is in the KOrean language.

10 LAOS

10.1 Royal School of Medicine

The School at the present time trains on~ medical assistants in a four-year course but as soon as the institution has the necessary facilities, it plans to offer training for medical doctors, assistant medical doctors, midwives, nurses, "agents sanitaires," etc. Admission requirement to the medical assistants course is completion of a secondary education diploma.

Instruction is in French. 10.2 Nursing School

The School has a two-year course for the training of auxiliary nursing personnel. This course is open to candidates who possess an elementary school certificate. Instruction is in French and Laotian.

11 MACAO

11.1 School of NurSing, Hos~ital CentI~l Conde de S. Januario

This school is operated by the Health Services. It offers two types of courses: elementary nursing and normal nursing.

Admission to the three-year elementary course requires a final examination of the grade school. Students who successfully pass this course are given the Diploma of Assistant Nurse.

The normal course covers a period of four years, the last year is for internship. Candidates should have the first examination of the high school. The Diploma of Nurse is given to successful stUdents.

Instruction is in Portuguese.

11.2 In addition to the above school, there is a missionary school, also affiliated to the hospital, which conducts an elemer.rtary nursing ""X' course in Chinese. WP/RC14/6 page 12

12 MALAYA

12.1 Ministry o~ Health and Social Wel~are 12.1.1 Health Visitors Course and Public Health Inspectors Course

The above courses have the approval o~ the Royal Society ~or the Promotion o~ Health, London. The admission requirements and the cur­ - ' riculum o~ both courses are similar to those described under Singapore. Instruction is in the English language.

13 NEW ZEALAND 13.1 Post-graduate courses

13.1.1 Diploma in Public Health, University o~ otago

This course is designed ~or physicians who are going to do any kind of medical administration, whether it be public health, hospital, occupational health or in the armed ~orces. The curriculum not only provides the candidates with a broad background in community health and health services but also allows the student to delve deeper in certain aspects o~ the above ~ields. The curriculum includes courses in public health administration, micro­ biology, medical statistics, epidemiology, environmental sanitation, mental health, occupational health, etc. The course lasts one academic year. It is rated by the United Y~ngdom authorities as being equal to the Diploma in Public Health (DPH) course at the London School o~ Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

13.1.2 Master o~ Dental Surgery, Universit! o~ otago

This course may be taken in public health dentistry. Candidates must have the degree o~ Bachelor o~ Dental Surgery o~ the University of New Zealand or such other quali~ication as the Senate may accept. The course lasts more than a year.

13.1.3 Diploma in Administration and Teaching in Public Health Nursing, Victoria Universit! of Wellington

Students in this course are prepared ~or senior positions in public health nursing and time is given to the s tudy o~ administration and supervision in a public health nursing service.

The curriculum includes courses in preventive medicine, public h~alth nursing, occupational health and industrial health nursing, social work, human behaviour and human relationships, educational WP/RC14/6 page 13· functions of the nurse, trends in nursing and allied health and social services, foundations of nursing and advanced studies in special fields. The course lasts one academic year. Applicants must hold both general and maternity certificates. 13.1.4 Diploma in Health Education, Victoria University of Wellington

This is a one~year course intended for health education officers.

13.2 Dental nurSing

There are three schools for dental nurses in New Zealan4 namely, the Auckland, Christchurch and the Wellington Schools. These schools. offer a two-year training programme. Dental nurses are trained to perform ext~actions, fillings, polishing, sodium fluoride topical applications and to give dental health education primarily to pre­ school and primary schoolchildren. 13.3 Public Health Inspectors Course

The course extends over fifteen months and includes a period of practical training in the field. Students attend a fUll~time theory course at the Wellington Technical College and, if successful, receive the Public Health Inspector's Diploma of the Royal Society of Health, London.

13.4 Hospital Laboratory ~chnology Cburse Students train for five years after which a Certificate of Proficiency in Hospital Laboratory Technology is obtained.

13.5 PhySiotherapy Course . A three-year course of training in physiotherapy is available at a training,school in Dunedin. A three-month post-graduate course is held in Rotorua occasionally.

13.6 Occupational !herapy (l)urse

A three-year course in occupational therapy is available at a training school in Auckland.

13.1 Foreign students are admitted to the above courses. Instruction is in the English language.

14 NORTH BORNEO

14.1 The Department of Medical Services undertakes the following programmes: WP/RC14/6 page 14

14.1.1 Health Visitors Course - in-service training from six to twelve months for trained nurses and midwives who have passed local examinations.

14.1.2 Nurses and hospital assistants training - part academic, part in-servic; training leading to the examination for registered nurse (North Borneo)j three months' orientation followed by three years. Candidates should have not less than four year~ secondary education.

14.1. 3 Midwives training - part academic, part in-service training - < leading to an examination in midwifery enabling the candidate to be registered as a midwife in North Borneo; twelve months, Part I and six months, Part II. Candidates must be State registered nurses. 14.1.4 Health inspectors training - in-service, one year. Trainees must possess Senior Cambridge qualification with a pass in a science subject.

14.1.5 Assistant nurses training - in-servIce. Trainees must have not less than six yearsteducation.

14.1. 6 Assistant Midwives Gburse .. combined foma1, practice and in­ service, two years. Candidates must have not less than six year~ education.

14.1.7 Assistant health inspectors training - in~service, practical, one to one and a half years. Trainees must have a minimum of six years t education.

14.1.8 Malaria technicians and assistant malaria technicians courses .. combined fermal, practical and in-service training with refresher courses. The duration of the couxses varies from one to five weeks or more.

14.1.9 Malaria microscopists trainins - mainly practical with same foma1 lectures, minimum of three months.

14.1.10 Malaria spraymen training - practical, basic and refresher, two weeks.

14.1.11 Tuberculosis control technician, tuberculosis assistant nurse trainins - in-service. 14.2 The language of instruction is mostly in English. For the malaria courses, a limited number of places are available for trainees from other countries.

15 PHILIPPINES

15.1 Post-graduate Courses, Institute of Hygiene, University of the PhiliWines y. WP/RC14/6 page 15·

15.1.1 Certificate in Public Health

This is a post-graduate course in public health lasting one academic year. The School accepts the following groups of students: graduates of approved medical schools, graduates with professional training other than in medicine, such as dentistry, engineering, nursing, education, etc. with at least a bachelor's degree in science and at least one year experience or previous training in the field of public health.

The curriculum consists of twenty-three units of required courses in public health administration, public.health engineering, epidemio­ logy, biostatistics, nutrition, microbiology and parasitology and at~ least twelve units of elective courses in various other public health disciplines.

15.1.2 Master of Public Health

The curriculum and admission requirements of this course are the same as those of the Certificate in Public Health (CPR) course except that the candidates have to pass with higher grades. Completion of a thesis or special study is also required.

15.1.3 Master of Public Health Engineering

The course is designed to prepare engineers for positions of leadership in health agencies and to encourage research in the various aspects of public health engineering work peculiar to the Western Pacific.

Candidates must possess a bachelor's degree preferably in civil, chemical or sanitary engineering or its equivalent.

The degree is awarded upon completion of thirty units of credit in the various public health and public health engineering disciplines and six units of thesis.

15.1.4 Certificate in Hospital Administration

The course is designed to meet the demand for trained h05,Pital administrators. Grad1J~tes of approved medical schools and graduates with at least a bachelor's degree and a year's experience in hospital management are eligi"ble for admission.

Students who have completed at least thirty-five units of the prescribed curriculum, which consists of courses in public health and various aspects of hospital administration, organization and management, are eligible for graduation. The course lasts one academic year.

15.2 Undergraduate course WP/RC14/6 page 16·

15.2.1 Bachelor of Science in Hygiene

This is a four-year course designed to prepare other categories of professionals needed in public health work such as sanitarians, statisticians, laboratory workers, etc. 15.3 The Institute admits qualified foreign students to the above courses. Instruction is in the English language. 15.4 Non-degree courses are given in various field as follows:

(a) Disease control - leprosy control, malaria eradica­ tion, venereal disease control, tuberculosis control, bilharziasis control.

(b) Nursing education administration.

(c) Hospital architecture and administration. (d) Research and laboratories.

(e) Para-medical training - pharmacy practice, midwifery, medical social service~ dietetic management, medical records librarian, X-ray technicians.

(f) Health services - food and drug control, environ­ mental sanitation, maternal and child health.

(g) Medical training - refresher courses and specialty training.

(h) Public health - public health administration, health education, nut~ition, nursing supervision and administration.

(i) speCial fields such as food and nutrition, mental health.

The courses are mostly organized by the Philippine Department of Health, sometimes in co-operation with other institutions and agencies. They usually combine classroom, observational and on-the-job training. The courses last from one week to three months although some go beyond a year. Instruction is in English.

16 RYUKYU ISLANDS 16.1 NurSing courses

There are two schools for clinical nurses and one for public health nurses. Training for license as a clinical nurse takes three years. A further year of training in public health qualifies .~. WP/RC14 / 6 page 17

for certification and licensing as a public health nurse. Instruction is in Japanese. 16.2 In addition to the nursing courses, there are a number of short courses and in-service courses in hospitals and health centres for health personnel.

17 SINGAPORE 17.1 University of Singapore

17.1.1 Diploma in Public Health

The course extends for a period of one academic year and is open only to candidates holding a medical qualification registrable in Malaya and Singapore or acceptable to the Senate. Furthermore, candi­ dates must be engaged in the practice of public health for not less than tweleve months or have had adequate experience acceptable to the Senate.

The curriculum includes courses in public health administration, environmental sanitation, bacteriology and parasitology as applied to epidemiology, statistics, epidemiology, mental health, health education, etc. Preparation of a dissertation on an approved subject is also required.

17.1.2 Diploma in Social Studies, Part I

Applicants must be graduates of the University of Singapore or subject to the approval of the Senate, a graduate of another university or possess other qualifications satisfactory to the Selection Committee. Part I extends over a period of two years. 17.1.3 Diploma in Social Studies, Part II (§pecia1 studies)

Admission requirement for this one-year course is the successful completion of the Diploma in Social Studies, Part I, or possession of a diploma or other qualification acceptable to the Senate. 17.2 Institute of Health

17.2.1 Public Health Nurse and Health Visitorts Course

This ~ourse covers one calendar year and is designed to prepare stUdents for all branches of public health nursing, including district nursing. The course is open to nurses registered with the Singapore NurSing Board who are qualified midwives. Qualified applicants from other countries are accepted.

The curriculum includes a number of courses in public health nursing, public health and social legislation, vital statistics, WP/RC14/6 page 18· social welfare services, communal health services, communicable diseases, maternal and child health, mental health, health education, nutrition, etc. The course of study is approved by the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, London.

17.2.2 Public Health Inspectors Course This is a one-year course designed to train health inspectors. .. , The curriculum includes courses in elementary anatomy and physiology, chemistry, physics, bacteriology, parasitology, statistics and several courses on environmental sanitation. Successful candidates are awarded the Certificate of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, London. Instruction is in the English language.

18 TERRITORY OF PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA

18.1 The Papuan Medical College

This college was established in 1959 with the main purpose of preparing key personnel for health work in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea and other nearby territories. The School has courses for assistant medical officers, nurses and health inspectors.

As yet, courses are at sub-professional level but it is planned to upgrade them in the future.. Special emphasis is given to preventive medicine and public health. Instruction is in the English language.

19 TONGA 19.1 Queen Salote School of Nursing

The three-year course offered by the School leads to an examina­ tion for a Tongan Nursing Certificate. Instruction is in the Tongan language and in :imglish.

20 VIET-NAM

20.1 Midwifery School, Tu Du Hospital

The midwifery course proper conducted in Vietnamese is for three years. Admission requirement is the completion of the first cycle of the baccalaureate.

The School also offers a three-month post-graduate course con­ ducted in French. About two courses .of this type are given each year. WP/RC14/6 page 19·

20.2 School of Nursing, Cho-Ray Hospital

The basic nursing curriculum was recently extended to cover a period of three years and has been more or less fused with the health technicians programme. The language of instruction is Vietnamese but French could be used if necessary. Nurses graduating under this arrangement are known as nurse technicians. Admission requirement is

... -.... completion of at least the first cycle of the baccalaureate. The School also offers a one-year course designed to train assistant or practical nurses. Entrance requirement is about nine years' schooling.

20.3 The Gia Dinh Public Health Training Centre Training of various categories of health workers is provided:

(a) District health chiefs Orientation course - one month

(b) District health workers Training course - two months Refresher course - two weeks

( c ) Banitary agents Training course - six months Refresher course - fifteen days

21 WESTERN SAMOA A three-year course for nurses is given at the Apia Hospital. Candidates should preferably have the Primary Leaving Certificate. Instruction is in English.