CENSUS OF INDIA 1991
SERIES 2
ANDHRA PRADESH
PAPER 1 OF 1991
PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS
R.P. SINGH Director of Census Operations Andhra Pradesh FIGURES AT A GLANCE
CENSUS OF INDIA 1991 - PROVISIONAL POPULATION TOTALS
A. POPULATION OF ANDHRA PRADESH Total 66.304.854 Males 33.623.738 Females 32.681.116
B. DECENNIAL POPULATION GROWTH 1981-1991 (1) Absolute 12.755.181 (2) Percentage 23.82\
per Sq.km. C. DENSITY OF POPULATION 241
D. SEX RATIO 972 Females per 1000 Males
E. NUMBER OF LITERATES Total 24.840.456 Males 15.675.060 Females 9.165.396
Percentage of literates to Total 45.11\ estimated total population Males 56.24\ aged 7+ Females 33.71\
F. URBAN/RURAL COMPOSITION' OF POPULATION Urban 17.764.266 Rural 48.540.588
Percentage of urban population to total population 26.79\
TRENDS IN OECAOAL GROWTH OF POPULATION (1901~S1) INOlA ____ _ AI{)HRA PRADESH_
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C£NSU5 OECAI)£S CON TEN T 5
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4 Bar chart showing population and literates by districts 5 Statement giving com parative picture of the population of the districts 6 Pie charts showing comparative area and population of the districts 7 A Background note - what preceded Census 1991 ') 13 Map showing decennial growth rates of districts during 1981-1991 14 Map showing density of population in dHferent districts 15 Map showing sex-ratio for different districts 16 Map showing the urban spread and degree of urbanisation in dHferent districts 17 Analysis of results 22 TABLE 1 Distribution of population, Sex Ratio, Growth Rate and Density of population by districts 23 TABLE 2 Decadal variation in population since 1901 24 TABLE 3 Cities with a population of 100,000 and above 25 TABLE 4 Literacy 26-27 TABLE 5 A comparative all India picture of popUlation, sex ratio, density, growth rate and literacy 28 ANNEXURE I List of Urban Agglomerations 29 ANNEXURE II Individual slip 30 Acknowledgements, list of officers of the Directorate and those who worked on provisional totals
ANDHRA PRADESH 1901 ,it.lt·ft,tt,ft·fHt·IHi i1 GROWTH OF POPULATION 19" ,ft,IUt,ft,It-H.ft.1t,fHHf 1921 ,tHt,ij,ft.ft,ij,fHt,tHt."
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AGAIIAM ~ ••••••.•••••• ···1 [ I··· .._:.:. .... ;,:~:W$~ SRIKAAUlAM ~-;-.~~~~ _y~~ ~ ____ =----"=1 ,_--,-,- ----,---.----. r-----r---'----'---l-----.--r _._ r 2 4 6 8 10 i2 14 16 18' 20 22 2L " n 20 18 16 11. 12 10 B 6 I. 2 0 o DISTRICTS POPULATION IN '00.000 POPULATION IN '00.000 ~'98' L<~.cL4____ ..Jh991 ~DEN()ffS WMflER OF lITI flAlf" STATEMENT SHOWING THE COMPARATIVE PICTURE OF THE POPULATION (1991 CENSUS - Provisional Figures) Decennial Total Population Growth Rates Density of ( Percentage) STATE/ population DISTRICT 1991 Z Population in Population in 1971-81 1981-91 (per Km ) 1981 (and Rank) 1991 (and Rank) 1 2 3 4 5 6 AHDHRA PRADESH 53,549.673 66.304,854 +23.10 +23.82 241 1 Srikakulam 1,959,352 (16) 2,314,442 (17) +10.70 +18.12 397 2 Vizianagaram 1,804,196 (19) 2,101,394 (21) +13.50 +16.47 321 3 Visakhapatnam 2,576,474 (06) 3,272,110 (05) +26.56 +27.00 293 4 East Godavari 3,701,040 (01) 4,541,306 (01) +19.88 +22.70 420 5 West Godavari 2,873,958 (04) 3,513,979 (04) +21. 04 +22.27 454 6 Krishna 3,048,463 (03) 3,693,179 (03) +22.25 +21.15 423 7 Gnntur 3,434,724 (02) 4,085,904 (02) +20.75 +18.96 359 8 Prakasam 2,329,571 (11) 2,750,340 (14) +21. 33 +18.06 156 9 Nellore 2,014,879 (15) 2,390,485 (16) +23.78 +18.64 183 10 Chittoor 2,737,316 (05) 3,249,565 (06) +20.72 +18.71 214 11 Cuddapah 1,930,468 (17) 2,259,154 (19) +22.59 +17.03 147 12 Anantapur 2,550,848 (07) 3,183,781 (07) +20.44 +24.81 166 13 Kurnool 2,407,299 (10) 2,973,709 (11) +21.45 +23.53 168 14 Mahbubnagar 2,444,619 (08) 3,071,765 (09) +26.53 +25.65 167 15 Rangareddi 1,591,755 (23) 2,528,208 (15) +43.47 +58.83 377 16 Hyderabad 2,251,009 (14) 3,091,718 (08) +33.81 +37.35 14,248 17 Medak 1,807,139 (18) 2,264,124 (18) +7.3.11 +25.29 233 18 Nizamabad 1,679,683 (21) 2,034,794 (23) +27.90 +21.14 256 19 Adilabad 1,639,003 (22) 2,080,231 (22) +27.22 +26.92 129 20 Karimnagar 2,436,323 (09) 3,043,228 (10) +24.05 +24.91 257 21 Warangal 2,300,295 (12) 2,811,174 (13) +22.95 +22.21 219 22 Khammam 1,751,574 (20) 2,200,081 (20) +27.80 +25.61 137 23 Nalgooda 2,279,685 (3) 2,850,183 (12) +25.28 +25.03 200 5 PRO VISIONAL POPULATION 199. 2 AREA IN Km 1991 Area Ftvurn of Hydcrabod OI,.lrlcI I.e. 2171 Area Fi~n en !"l4Jplled by Ihe Surveyor G.l'lOral of Indio. A BACKGROUND NOTE - what preceded the Census 1991? This paper, as the title suggests, also provided a frame for canvassing is the very first publication a~ .1991 the 'Enterprise list I on behalf of the Census and gives only provIsIonal Central Statistical Organisation. figures. We present here what could be quickly compiled at the charge During the main enumeration, two level from the abstracts' prepared by schedules namely, the I Household the enumerators immediately after schedule' and the 'Ind ividual sl ip I completion of the census. Therefore, were canvassed. There were signi not only the scope of the paper is ficant changes in these two schedules limited, the figures have to be sub- compared to the schedules canvassed in jected to scrutiny and processed 1981. The questions on num ber of further in the regional tabulation married couples residing in the offices before the same can be con household, cultivation particulars and firmed as final. This paper furnishes type of tenancy for households engaged only the population totals for the in cultivation were not canvassed in the districts and cities with more than one household schedule. Information on lakh population giving sex wise break number of living rooms available to the up and number of literates. This will household and access to civic amenities be followed by a supplement, again was shifted to the 'Houselist giving provisional data on the rural- schedule' A new question on the type urban composition and work of fuel used for cooking in the characteristics. of the population. household was added to the houselist After completion of the tabulation, the schedule. It was possible to other publications of the 1991 Census accommodate these extra items in the will be brought out to present the houselist as three columns concerning demographic, social and economic physically handicapped persons in the characteristics of the population to household were dropped. meet the needs of planners and researchers. Before we attempt, whatever analysis, these scanty details In the individual slip, there permit, it may be worthwhile to look were important changes in the economic back and recount what all has preceded questions. Question 16, viz., 'seeking/ the actual count. available for work?' was confined only to non-wrokers, unlike in 1981 when it The 1991 Census was the 13th was canvassed for the marginal workers decennial Census of India and the 5th also. An additional query was added after Independence. The main enumera for those seeking work to find out tion wa~ conducted from 9th February whether they had ever worked before. to 28th February 1991. This was Two extra questions were added to find followed by a revision'al round from 1st out whether an ex-servicemen is a March, 1991 to 5th March, 1991 to pensioner or not. For studying the update the data with reference to reasons for migration, 1\'<10 extra codes sunrise of 1st of March, 1991. The were added to classify separately the main enumeration was preceded by an cases where. people migrated for operation called I Houselisting I which reasons of business or due to natural was conducted in Andhra Pradesh State calam it ies 1 ike floods, d rough t, etc. from 15th June to 14th July, 1990. Certain details like mother tongue, The houselisting operation which provi religion, etc. were repeated in the ded a base for the main enumeration household schedule with a view to was also made use of to collect data on facilitate tabulation directly from the housing stock, civic amenities, etc. It household schedules. 7 During 1981 Census, the questions problem of dealing with such a large on migration and fertilIty in the indi num ber of charge officers. Added to vidual slip, were canvassed only in 20% this was the problem that the MandaI sample of enumeration blocks. In the administrative set up had not yet present census the earlier practice of sta bil lsed and there was a continuous canvassing all the questions in the talk of going back to the old taluk set individual slip for the whole population up. In fact while preparations were was revived. The other significant going on for the conduct of the house departure from the preced ing census listing operation, the then Chief was to treat the children of the age of Minister Dr. M. Chenna Reddy announced six years and below as illiterate, the reorganisation of Mandals with unlike in the previous census where effect from 1st July. 1990. This would only children of 4 years and below have put the houselisting operations out were so treated. The net effect of of gear and jeopardised the whole this change which is in consonance with ceHSUS taking. It was after lot of the international practice is that pursuasion that the State government children upto the age of 6 will be relented and agreed to continue the ignored for the purpose of determining existing set up until the completion of literacy rate. The instructions regard the census. As far as the changes in ing identification of scheduled castes the urban frame are concerned, the were modified to cope up with the Vijayawada municipality was upgraded constitutional amendment whereby to the status of municipal corporation scheduled castes converted to Buddhism shortly after 1981 Census and 27 new continued to be treated as scheduled municipalities and one notified area cas tes. However the houselisting committee had been constituted after operations had already been completed the 1981 Census taking the num ber of before this change was effected. statutory towns to 115. The first step towards planning of the census work was to take cogni zance of jurisdictional changes in the After finalisation of the list of administrative units and to request the villages and preparation of juris State Government to keep the admini dictional maps the next immediate task straUve frame intact and undisturbed was identifying rural and urban areas, until the completion of the census as the data is presented separately for work. There were only two minor these two segments of population. inter-district territorial transfers in While any place where civic affairs are the preceding decade. Gaddiannaram managed by an urban local body like Panchayat which was subsequently a municipality, a cantonment or a treated as a census town was trans noHfied area committee, is automatically ferred from Hyderabad to Rangareddi an urban area, any village or tiistrict and village Parnapalle was Panchayat satisfying the following transferred from Cuddapah to Anantapur criteria is also treated as urban for district. the purpose of census. It was, however, at the level below the district that a total reorga (i) a minimum expected population of nisation of the administrative set up 5,000. had taken place by reorganising the 316 (ii) a minimum population density of taluks jnto 1110 Mandals. This created 400 persons per sq.km. not onl,y the immediate problem of (iii) at least 75% of the male working l'edrawing the lists of villages and population should be engaged in jurisdictional maps, but also logistics non-agricul tural pursuits. 8 In common parlance such places were notified as Principal Census are referred to as ' census towns' as Officers. In the cities, the Municipal distinguished from towns covered by an Comm issioners were Charge Officers, urban local body which are called whereas in the rural areas the MandaI statutory towns. When this criteria Revenue Officers (MROs.) were notifed was applied strictly, ·13 census towns as Charge Officers. Though a number of 1981 including one which got sub of officers were notified as Additional merged under Somasila project were District Census Officers, the main declassified. Similarly twelve other responsibility of the census work at census towh~ of 1981 lost their separate the district level was shared by the identities having been merged into District Revenue Officer and the Chief municipalities However, 33 new Planning Officer. For the first time, places quaiified as census towns taking the Sub Collectors and the Revenue the total number of census towns to 149 Divisional Officers were fully invol ved for 1991 Census. The total num bel' of with the census work, as it was not towns--statutory and non-statutory put possible to monitor the work of so together J therefore stood at 264. many charges from the district head:" quarters. The Revenue Divisional For the purpose of delineating Officers made their contribution in all the urban frame, apart from identifying aspects of census work •. like scrutiny census towns, since 1971 we have been of charge registers, conduct of training going a step further and taking into classes, distribution of material, etc. account the neighbouring urban spread also. A portion of a village or a whole village which is immediately As the number of rural charges adjacent to a town (statutory or census) was disproportionately large for our and has pronounced urban features but, population size, it was thought advis does not qualify to be an independent able not to post a separate census town is called an outgrowth. The data clerk in every charge. Ins tead , the in respect of such an outgrowth is MandaI Statistician was made incharge presented along with the core town. of the censlls work and paid a monthly The core town and the abutting out honorarium for the work. This arrange growths etc. together constitute what ment, resorted to for considerations of has come to be known as Urban Agglo economy, infact resul ted in improved meration. For the purpose of 1991 quality of work as most of the Statis census, 15 urban agglomerations were ticians were well qualified and showed constituted as against 4 in 1981. Out an aptitude for census work. Credit of these, Hyderabad agglomeration is for maintaining the Quality of work in now spread over three districts, as for the preparation of charge reg isters, the first time it includes a small writing of abridged houselists, compila fringe of Medak district also. tion of the results and handliIl.g of the Similarly, Vijayawada agglomeration material goes to the Deputy Statistical contains a part of Guntur district also. Officers attached to the Revenue Divi The remaining agglomerations are within sional Officers and the MandaI Statisti the same district. cians, many of whom in fact handled training classes also. The number of The State Government under special charges was kept to the barest Section 4 of the Census Act notified the mlfllmum; in fact confined only to appointments of various officers in the strictly military areas. Unlike jn 1981 district hierarchy as census officers census, project sites were not consti with appropriate designations commen tuted into special charges as it was surate with their status and role during felt that the MROs. can deliver better the census. The Collectors were than special charge officers. notified as Principal Census Officers in the districts. - In the three corpora The quality of coverage in the tions, the Municipal Commissiosners census operations depends to a great 9 extynt upon the quality of house overall situa tion in their areas. The numbering system prevailing in the smaller municipalities have neither area. Very few towns in Andhra manpower nor resources. Many of the Pradesh have a satisfactory house municipal comm iss ioners did not even numbering system. The· worst csse is possess proper jurisdictional maps of perhaps Hyderabad city itself. where their' localities. This however is no the house number is synonymous with reflection on the contribution of the the tax assessment number. Not only Municipal Commissioners, most of whom the buildings are not numbered worked hard against all odds. Special .serially. a large num bel' of build ings teams were sent to municipal areas are left unnumbered at any point of where under coverage was suspected, time. Instructions were got issued from and all efforts were made to account the respective departments in the State for all the structures in the house ,government to Municipalities as well as Usting operations, to avoid any Panchayats to spend money from their problems during the main census. funds to update the house numbering system. Almost all the Panchayats and most of the Municipalities were able to The formation of the blocks for achieve a satisfactory house numbering the purpose of main enumeration was system atleast for the proper conduct done very carefully. Apart from of census. The local bodies also took maintaining the identity of the blocks steps to prepare sketch maps for the where sample registration scheme is enumeration blocks as soon as the being irn plemented, every hamlet in charge registers for house listi.'1g were the village was formed into a separate finalised. This resulted in improved block. In view of the financial con coverage during the houselisting straints the number of enumerators was operation. kept to the barest mInImum. As against 1,26,498 blocks, only a bout 93, 000 enumerators were appointed. The houselisting operations by The training of the charge officers and and large passed off smoothly. There their staff was a very big challenge were some difficulties in the Coastal considering that the total num bel' of d:istricts due to the cyclone damage. charges had gone upto 1,384. The In one of the charges the records got personnel of the Directorate of burnt and the houselisting had to be Economics and Statistics were liberally reconducted. drafted as trainers along with the Investigators and Statistical Assistants of the department. The enumerators The houselisting operations and supervisors were subjected to four exposed the. weaknesses of the system rounds of training which included and enabled us to take precautionary practical exercises also. Majority of measures for the main census. It was the enumerators and supervisors were gratifying to find that the district teachers who grasped the concepts revenue machinery, in spite of having fairly well. been unsettled by the replacement of Taluks by MandaI set up and' abolition Finding requisite number of of the village officers, had enough enumerators and supervisors was not a resilience to come back into its own problem anywhere except in Hyderabad, and deliver. The standard of work in where a large number of State the municipal areas was however very Government officials, employees of uninspiring. The municipal admini Rail ways and state and central .:.trative system seems to be decaying undertakings had to be drafted for by the day and the Municipal Commis work. Due to the distrubed conditions sioners have hardly any grip on the in the old city of Hyderabad and .. 10 imposition of curfew for long durations, announcements were made through the the training classes were affected. T. V . requesting the people to record There was understandable hesitation on the work participation of the women. the part of enumerators to take up During the training classes the assignments in old city. The Municipal enumerators were told to make Commissioner of Hyderabad, the Deputy persistent ar;d tactful enquiries to Commissioners of the various circles capture all types of economic activities and the Regional Deputy Director of relatinQ to women and children. Census had to struggle hard to complete the classes in time for the main enumeration. The main enumeration Coverage of 100 per cent started in time throughout the State. population during an operation of this There was initially a certain amount of type, is a big challenge especially in hesitation and reluctance to receive the big cities. With the experience of the enumerators on the part of the people houselisting operation behind us, all in bigger cities. This was however possible teclmjqu8s were applied to overcome through continuous messages ensure that no household is left through the T . V • and the press and uncounted. Before the start of the eventually the enumerator was a operation, the enumerators were handed welcome guest. Apart from the over I abridged houselists' which hpd coverage by the Doordarshan and AIR, been got prepared by the charge the local newspapers carried articles officers and scrutinised by the census and critical reviews of the census work departmental officers. The abridged which kept the general interest in the houselist is a device by which the subject alive. changes in the enumeration block in terms of the structures and households which have come about after the The special feature for which houselisting operation are taken note of this census would be remembered has to ensure full coverage in the main been the effort made by the Registrar census. The supervisors were made to General, Ind ia to ensure tha t the report before the charge officer every contribution of women and children in three days to ensure that the abridged the economic field is reflected houselists were updated by the properly. Not only there were enumerators and no household was continuous messages appearing on the missed. Towards the end of the third electronic media, the issue was week of February, a large number of discussed in anum ber of write-ups in reply cards were posted at random to various newspapers to bring about a get feed back from the public. The change m the attitude of tt18 local corporators and other non-officials enumerators as also the people who were requested to bring out cases 01 answer the questionnaire to see that non-enumeration. To fully cover the there was no bias in reflecting the households of working couples where no work of the women. With this end in responsible member was generally view, certain qualitative changes were available during the day, the census also made in the instructions booklet schedules were exhibited in all major for enumerators clarifying the concepts establishments and government offices in of 'work', 'marginal worker' and 'ma in twin cities of Hyderabad and worker' . Question 14A in the slip Secunderabad and such em ployees were which is designed to net all workers requested to leave back the particulars was elucidated by introducing within with a member of toe family, servant parentheses the clause 'including unpaid or neighbour and also inform the time work on form or family enterprise i when they would be ;~\Q:ilablp for with a view to capture 'invisible' work enumeration. After 23rd February, of women. On our part, special apart from notifying telephone numbers 11 .)f charge officers. small booklets were there will al ways creep in. T( kept in all fair price shops in big determine the extent of error. pos municipalities in the State and the enumeration checks and cenSUf [Jeople were requested to giye evaluation studies are being carrie( information of non-coverage in the out. It is hoped that the checks will nearest fair price shop. In sp ite of affirm our belief that the errors anc all the checks exercised. in a work of omissions are within excusable limits. such dimensions. a few errors here and Hyderabad R.P. SINGH Director of Census Operations 27th March, 1991. Andhra Pradesh 12 ENSUS OF INDIA 1991 C (rroviSllnal RCSlJ!ts) 80° ...... 82 . ANDHRA PRADESH DECENNIAL POPULATION GROWTH RATES 1981··91 ( DISTRICTS) STATE lu. 1. 80UNDAR·, .. _. __ ._ DIS 1 RIC 1 80UNDARY . . KILOMET RE S s ZO 10 0 20 40 60 80 100 It b-'-+=t:: I I I I ,.. I rfH .\_ f A .--..,; ""' . ~ 'r'i=';-l.: ~ f-fJ+ iAOILABAO I - ,/'. "j 26.92 ·,U.r,::·'-C·"¥~-"'-""', , ~-_-_-1: . '~'. ~ ( ~ "-..'J- . ...._ ,-' NIZAMA9AD( _ tc:ARIMNAGAR . ~ . . . - - 21.14 - 24. 9L(~~ -rJf')_' 7'\. ----(- - - - - 1'-I--I-+";:'=;-"';"'-f+'H-HH-++'", ------'------:::: WARANGAL -t-t---t--cH-l\ - - 22.21 A ," ~ /~~~- . ~~~~_'---_--J /-'S-IWRNOOl --- (-- 23.53 I BAY o F BENGAL 4' PERCENTAGE GAIN IN POPULATION 58 SO m 37 39 25 27 \ m T Lid 23 - -=---·....25_--Stot" Average n.S? t2· r==_=--=:=J U 21 23 ~ L._:_;_j Le ss than 19 Based upon Survey of India map with the permission of the Surveyor General of Indio ,1:) Gc "p'o:n enl o f JOd l Q Copyrighl,199C. The territorial waters of India exhmd into t"" seo to a distance ot twelve nautical mil es measured from the appropriate base line. 13 CE NSUS OF INDIA 1~91 (P,ovls.m:1~ l Rots-uns) ANDHRA PRADESH DENSITY OF POPULATION 1991 (DISTR!CTS ) STA r E lu r BOUNDARY ~Jl_TR ES A s 20 \{) () W 40 GO 00 tao H !--'--±-=I==+=t-=:t--===l 1 A . ~ . s " BAY o F BENGAL NUMBER OF PERSONS PER KJ 375 AND ABOVE - 325 375 -EHm 275 325 225 275 I I SI.IIe A"lI 10' Ba s. ~ tl~ c n Survey of Indio map wdh Ih~ p .rmlSSlon of th@ Sur vI>yor G.. n .. ral of Indio. © Goyer_hi of Indio Copyright.'''' Th, I HfitOfiol wat .. r s of IndiO ... tend Into the sea to 0 distance af twelve nautical miles m'o5ured from lhe appropriate bose line It. ..T :\: ~~ -.; ( .... ~ ~ (' l "\ ! ~ : ·; 1 . PrO't ! s. ~ n~ Rcsu11 5) 1. ' ANDHRA PRADESH SEX RATIO 1991 (DISTRICTS) SlATE I v. 1. BOUNDARY 015 rRIC I BOUNOAR"I I(JLOIoIE TRES A 5 20 10 0 20 40 60 90 100 I ' I I I :::L:::l=J I A , 18' A "...... --\ r:- ~. l __r ' ) ' .. • . ,J~ ' • .• t ' . , . (. i. ... , ...... ;,/ .) .. . • ...•• 'L., ~ .' ...... [' j . HYDERABAO .( C;_· ·. 918· · ··. ) . . . .. \ s· ...... ), . .••. .. •. ,?> . .:,.i • .• '__.;,I k·..,_;r a KlT> s. 8 A Y OF BENGAL NUMBER OF FEMALES PER 1000 MALES 1000 and above - 990 999 -m 980 989 970 979 \. I I State Average 972 \ , 960 969 ~ 950 - 959 B . r~ ':- ~l Less than 949 80" Bas .. d upan Sur ..... y 01 Indio map w i lh Ihe p .. rm.ssion of the Surveyor General at India. © Government of India Copyright,19to. H •• t erritorial wat .. rs 01 Indio extend Into the .... a to a distance 01 ,,,,, .. tv .. nautical miles measured from th .. appropriat .. baSe! tine . 15 C~N'WS1 __ 01' !MOt..IA....ats) Ittl - c --'----r,.. ANDHRA PRADESH URBAN SPREAD 1991 SlATE lu T• • OUNOA~Y ,., _ . _ . _ DISTRICT 801M0ARY ... _ . _ . _ . _ ICLGIIETMS 5 , IIDIOD 10 40 10 .. 100 II' .,.' ,,' BAY o F BENGAL W HYOE RAe ... o u, ... . POPUL,TlOH '.713.'98 B:J TOWNS AIIO'IE OHE LAKK POI'lIl ATI ~ \ ONE SQUA RE RE PRESENT S IOQ,OOO POPULATION o TOWN S BEtOW l O(¥)OO aUT "'ORE THAH 50.000 POPULATION TQ'NHS BELOw 50,000 BuT MORE TII"'N 20.000 POPULAnQloj \ r • OTHER TOWNS LfSS THAN 20,000 ~UL"'TIOH II' 7'- E u t 0' Gr""wl'" II' 10"tI ",01'1 Surny of IIItilo mop wit. .. the ".rminion ot thl Sur.eyor Gell.rol 01 III4io. © Govtrnmltnl 01 Indica Copyright, ,,10. 'h, ,,,,llorlol waltn ot Illtlia txllntl Into thl seo 10 ca srArE lu. r . 8 0UN OA~" .. _._._ DIST RICT BOUNDARy . . . _._._. _ 5 U_lJIES •• H 20100 20 40 '0 .:l 100 , to· 1 I I ±=L:::::J ~::t r---'\ ,...... ~. ~ A ,.J . ~ -- '\ " 'V ' C; ~ ~.J--AOllA9AO.·-----23.08 · . . ,I ~.,...~ -,.... .~. _ _ _ --~ , ...;'Ir~. r.~1 'If " ....,r--=Y--. _---'-,_____ . , ___~ . '.. ? 1: '''-'-''\:-?-< ./ ~_ .",.;_ __ ~.,:--: . -:-. .J. (--- . ., .J._: ...... ~ '''..., ~ !"-',_. _ SRIKA KULAM / ~ r' ~ HIZAMABAO/)-::: KARIMNAGAR -:: --~-_-/r-" O..y;- ( .- -- ':" . 11 .S4 · /. i::--20 . 2'-- .==~. ~~~("~...... ~~ ~~-- '(-" . .." A '!\. r-o-. (VIZIANAGARAM : . .... _ _5------Q q 14 t: ../ +~, . ~. . .'2.-t\..~...._ ' .. ,..)r...':"':"':C.... . _':J.---:::r ...... - - .-- --:--~">-:::~,-~ ~~~.r.L..,r... 11m Wl'VfJ' "~ _ •• ). , .•.•..•... ,....,~~. - WARANGAL -:./----\ "71 ,")l i\..( . ~ -I .- . • • . . MEDAK ... (- - - 1937 .,----. ,.; f-· :',.J >.... U; .45· . .. :J-...~ - .- - . -. \;...... ~~ -jj: VISAKHAPATNAM ~"~ ': :'I':::~ · ~_-_-_- i-J- KHAM ~;M -{--~ · ,",.~IJ) ".i-J~~ ...... _,-....,- - ..:;;--. 20 1P --,;:. "--".~ )/' ·R ANGARE.DOI '. ( ...... \=.r....~",J --- J '---:E' _~E AS T - A. 04,.-. ' ...... ~. ..,..I.__ \_ GOD AVA RI:=- ______--. « ,~" . . . NAlGONOA . \....:-__ . _ L \-237& _ r--- ...... ~ - ~~ J ; ...... 'N'...... "" o..· ..•. . ' :s- 1-wEST-- .G ODAV ARI\--A--'._. i' ...... ' .. . .J. . • . . . . .~ . /.. - . ~-20 . '1 ~.\.-"" - YAI' ,,101 .,,7 • • • • • • • • • • • (, • . • • • y .....- - . . -J'2. ~\;-- : Po'>d,<~." yl ok MAHBUBNAGAR ' r" r. . 1_... "- (. ,_. KRISHNA-'-""-.:\ -'--_ _ :/_ ...... II 10 ...... • . . ' . ....: " (t,~ ...... -;.:. .' , . ':i GUNTUR- ...... , 3S.7' -(.II..?-' , .... , .. , . . , ...... r ~r' 28 .7& ~ r--- .-<"'....._~~. ,, WHYD. ERABAO'(100 ,_.,. . ~ -~ , II' .s· ._. !: : : : : : :;.-.-'- '_;'.' cr ---.--.. ~'t.-.y:-.~ ., ~ .:( (~ .-<... o....:. . -v . 7- -- . ~ - -f:.=::;:::::r.:t7 ~ . .s4 .~ . i ·-- - - -·------.--- KURNOOL i -_-. "RAKASAM - J___ so t;, . 25 .B9 ----. IS ./'5 - ,_ \..;; 1- - - ~ .-d::-==_ 'h--'_. , -v.- (.="'.-:------~.-./ 1,,--:-.-; __ I __:1·..= · ~ ·,,--::...- .- - ~ _ _-):::""'O:~~/_!. L.,.- . f . -- ~.--( \-----= '" ~ANANTAPlJ-_.R _L-CUD OAPAH - t-:------=. '::r==23~6 --.~ ~'\; . _2 4.06 - \_ - BEN G AL ''t: { ''''l:l' "- \_NE L~ORE ~ BAY o F . ." 1------~ - \_2378 _ ~ ~ --- ~ ~..:....._ , ~- l.------i------". ....~ /V\.- --.-.:;:----- \ i-{"""." _.,,;""'''W'- ..- r-:'''' -'~ ~ ·...... - --r..:..\ ... '1..... _-- PERCENTAGE Of URBAN POFULA liON Wo' (~l.J t: -----.--.-.---~.~ .....- -~~-=- TO TOTA L POPUL ATION d- ;"""l-'--CHIT-T'OOR .- __- _ - _ .): .:. R 1,0 and ;]bC,t Ir "'-..- -- - 19 79 -- - - - r '1- - - - -:"5;'-'6 ""'" .1 - - -- -"'" \) 1,0 / - ' -;S-' w' Q ~ 30 + ,$~ -- r ~ -._.;- ·V \.. '" ~=~.~=t 20 . -- ·)0 ---- . Stotet..-erag. 2679 .....~ \ r J G IS 20 ( 12' I ~ . ~ 1~ 15 l__ .______.__ .. L ~ ..__ L____ _ .. ...d upon Survey "I ~nj i !l mop wilh the permisSion "I Ih. Su,~.yor Gln.fol td Ind io 1 .. t.rritorial wolers 0 !ndiu .~'end Into the SP O 10 0 dislonc. 01 tw.lva "GUIKOI m l l~~ I r , . IClsllr.d fram the approp:ioh bo~. lint . \ I" \ ANALYSIS OF RESULTS The provisional population of density. Based on the provisional Andhra Pradesh as on the sunrise of 1st totals, the density of Andhra Pradesh of March, 1991 stood at 66,304,854 works out to 241 persons per so, km. as comprising of 33,623,738 males and against 267 persOfJS per sq. km. in the 32,681,116 females. In absolute terms, country. If we leave aside the urban during the last 10 years, the population agglomeration of Hyderabad, the agri of Andhra Pradesh has gone up by culturally prosperous belt on the coast 12,755,181, thereby registering a decen comprising of the two Godavari districts nial growth rate of 23.82% which is nnd Krishna is the most densely populat higher than the growth rate during any ad area in t;'!f~ state. ,\part f~()m other decade a exceeds by 1.84% the /\diJabad d1:tL~ ~~~t}rr:nlam [,"fbl}-icts \v!;i·::h growth rate projection of 'Standing Commit account for large forest chunks, (he tee of Experts on Population Projections, Rayalaseema wH11 the exception of October 1989' which had projected a Chittoor viz. Ammtapur, i~uddap~lh and population of 65.319 millions for Andhra Kurnool distrfcts along with the Dptgh Pradesh. For the first time in the last bouring districts of Pral'.GSRm E;Tili six decades, the state has recorded a Mahbut~Hg~r which share slrrilar slightly higher growth rate than the all physical features, h2ve the IL;wc~t India average. Again by registering a density uf popula;::1,:m in :.h8 :.::,air:, The higher growth rate than Karnataka after Telangana ~8giorl w ii 11, :j% a gap of 5 decades, it has grown fastest geographical area of t:-H) state dCC0L~"!.S among the four soutllern states during for :1g~:7Q, ~·;f ftc s :-~i': j the preceding decade. Contrary to the Rayalaseema '.;;lJ. Jus, C_;:'cIL v. projections of the I Committee of accounts for 24.47% cl thG ::;8ographLd Experts I, as per which Madhya Pradesh area of the state and 17.Z.:',[: of state':; State was supposed to overtake Andhra population. The 1.0 C03stal dist,"'icts Pradesh in population, the state from Srikak,llam to Nellore account hr continues to occupy 5th rank in the :13.78% of the total area and 43.24% P" ,.,'J country behind Uttar Pradesh, Bihar. lation of the state. Maharashtra and West Bengal. DENSITY OF POPULATION Among the districts of Andhra Pradesh, the East Godavari district continues to be the most populous with provisional population of 4,541,306 followed by Guntur and Krishna, in that order. The last rank in terms of papu lation goes to Nizamabad with a provi sional population of 2,034,794 instead of Rangareddi district which has registered the highest growth rate in the preceding two decades to jump from the last rank to 15th rank in population. DENSITY With an area of 2,75,045 sq. kms. Andhra Pradesh state accounts for 8.37% of the country's area and 7.86% of the country I s population. The dens ity of , ~) population in Andhra Pradesh is there a Fi 17 GROWTH RATE SEX RATIO While the growth rate in the state Sex ratio js defined as the number continues to show a rlsmg trend, 12 of females per thousand male population. districts viz. Krishna, Guntur, Prakasam The sex ratio in Andhra Pradesh has Nellore, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Mahbub been always adverse to women as has nagar, Nizamabad, Adilabad. Warangal, been the case in most of the states and Khammam and Nalgonda have shown a the country on the whole· i. e. the lesser growth rate than the previous number of women per thousand men has decade. The increase in other districts always been less than one thousand. also is marginal except in the case of The sex ratio has shown a declining Hyderabad, Rangareddi, Anantapur, trend both in the country as well as in Srikakulam and Vizianagaram. Srikakulam the state. However, the sex ratio has and Vizianagaram districts had recorded been much more stable and less adverse surprisingly low growth rates of 10.70% to women in Andhra Pradesh than in the and 13.50% in the previous decade and country as a whole. Whereas in the their growth rate in this decade also country the sex ratio has declined from continues to be below the state average. 972 in 1901 to 929 in 1991, the sex The increase in Rangareddi district is ratio in Andhra Pradesh has come down obviously due to spill over of Hyderabad from 985 in 1901 to 972 in 1991. city. Among the three natural regions of SEX RATIO the state, Telangana region has register (1901-91) ed a much higher growth rate of 28.71% \INDIA ANDHRA PRADESH -lII0I_ in the decade as compared to 21.20% in Rayalaseema and 20.72% in Coastal III <11 1000 Andhra. All the districts of Rayala "8 seema except Anantapur and all districts ~ o .,,- ...... o 980 .... in the Coastal Andhra except Visakha o patnam have recorded a lower growth t-- ...... rate than the state average. In 960 ..... __ - Telangana however, except Warangal and 940 -- -- -_ Nizamabad, the remaining 8 districts ...... have shown a higher growth rate than _-- -_ the state average. 920 TRENDS IN DECADAL GROWTH OF POPULATION, FOR THREE DIFfERENT REGIONS 1901-91 CENSUS DECADES COASTAL ANDh"RA _ RArALASEEMA _.,._T£LANGAHA. c:=:=::J The sex ratio continues to be favourable to women in Nizamabad, Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts. If we ignore the highly urbanised districts of Hyder-abad and Rangareddi, the sex ratio continues to be most adverse to women in Anantapur district of Rayalaseema in keeping with the past trends. Among the Coastal districts of the state except Krishna, sex ratio is nowhere below the state average. On the other hand if' Rayalaseema all the ;;; ;;; M, ~ .. ..~ , districts show a considerably lower sex ~ ~ !!! .. '"!!! !!! ~ .. ratio . CENSUS DECADES LITERACY A person is considered literate if The percentage of literates for the he is. able to read and write with districts has not been presented as it understanding in any language. One who has not been possible to' estimate the can merely read but cannot write is not population aged 7 and above separately considered literate. However, to qualify for the districts. One has to be there as a literate it is not necessary that a fore content for the present with the person should have received any formal absolute numbers of literates for the education. During 1991 Census, all districts. The comparative picture vis children below 7 years of age have been a-vis 1981 Census for the districts has treated as illiterate eventhough some been presented through the bar chart at school going children might actually page 4. have picked up read ing and writing. This is a departure from the previous As is clear from the chart below, in practice when children below the age of every succeeding census, while the 5 only were treated as illiterate. num ber of litera tas has beer. going uP. the num.ber of illiterates has also been To workout the effective literacy growing albeit at a lesser rate. This rate one would therefore require popu should sive an idea of t118 effort lation in the age group 0-6 which will required to bridge thu literacy gap. become known only after the completion of tabulation. Meanwhile the Demography Division of the office of the Registrar ANnHp.A f'RA(i~511 General, India has supplied estimates for UTERL(,Y !~:"~,~ ';}i the population aged 7 arvJ dbove for the country and different states. The per d i911 L~z;iE;;;.;;a'_· centage of literates to estimated popula d 1921 ~b~~~? tion aged 7 and above works out to C"..k] '9)1 h7~:,.:Z;Z;;?:.-7~~~:;-- C'.a.f.1 1941 ~~~~-:J 45.11 as against 35.66 in 1981. The mz;¢13 !9S1 ~tiitiriifdj.i.ii:iufr~~ carres pond ing all Ind ia figures are =-~_~icl II>&t bW:uzi~·Uza.~···~..;ran:·.~.'.~~;;;= .Z'~ 1971 ".;id··i;;;;;:~·· 52.11% for 1991 and 43.56% in 1981. The ~""""''''''''''~!g:3·i~Znzir'tr'tti?rr;:ihl7ii~-;.,..:..:''' overall literacy picture when seen ,~~~~f~~~ 1991 ~~~tt~~ against the all India background continues to be deplorable and there are no signs of bridging the gap or improve ment in our ranking vis-a-vis other major states. We continue to be the Percentage of Literates to least literate among the four southern total population states. w.r.t.ts------mua-.= ". I , The graphs present the I .- " perr:entage of literates to '"I total population for the ~' / ~. country and the state and -j- / also separately for males and _.. / females for the state. The " --- 1981 6 19S1 figures sho» the ",I percentage of literates to the ~ total population aged '7 aon k.?" atlOve. 1 nGl 6 1971 figures " 10 .. ~ show the percentage of ~ literates to the population " ~ aged 5 and above: so does ~ I the lower figure pertaining '"... .\ to 1981. 19 URBANISATION ANOHRA f'RA[lESH RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION The urban population of the state 10 (1901-91 ) at 19Y1 Census is 17,764,266 as against 65 12,487,576 at 1981 Census. The percent age of urban population to the total 60 population in the state is 26.79% as S5 1-, compared to 23.32% at 1981 Census. 50 Though the 1991 figures for the country are yet to be made available, based on the previous trends, the pace of urbani sation in the state is more or less the same as in the country as a whole, The increase in the urban populatioll (42.26%) reflects both the higher rate of growth in the urban areas due to migration from the rural areas as well as the increase 15 in the extent of the urban frame. As 10 alreacly explained in the background note a few census towns as well as out ~ m ~ ., ~ M :< growths were added to the urban frame ... m ~ ~ ~ '" ~ '" '" '" while declassfying 13 census towns of C~SlJS DECADES the 1981 Census, The following table DIS1RIBunON OF URBAN POPULAllON 1991 presents the growth of urban population IOISTRPS) during the previous decades, Percentage Extent of Il('cHdal Population decadal Year urban frame growth (in km' ) growth 1951' NA 5,420,325 1961 3,744.11 6,274, SOB + 854,183 +15.76 1971 3,560.08 B,402,527 +2,128,019 ;33.92 1981. 4,044.69 12,487,576 +4,085,049 +48.62 1991 5,G7'L .. 8 17,764,266 +5.276,690 +42.26 ---_----_-_. ANDHRA PRADESH PACE OF URBANISATION (Percenlage .1 urban pop 20 The Coastal districts comprising 43.23% centres in the neighbouring districts. of state's population account for 40.95% of the urban population of the state and The Hyderabad city celebrates the the Rayalaseema with 17.59% of state's 400th year of its existence with the population accounts for 15.19% of the agglomeration crossing 4 million mark. urban population of the state. With the growth during the decade, Hyderabad overtakes Bangalore and The Hyderabad district is fully Ahmedabad and I acaptures its position as urbanised. The next most urbanised the 5th largest city in the country. district is Rangareddi where 47.04% of The Visakhapatnam agglomeration has the population is urban. The other crossed one million ma,rk. The cities highly urbanised districts are Visakha with more than one lakh population patnam and Krishna. The 3 djstricts number 32 as against 20 at the 1981 surround ing Rangareddi i. e. Mah bubnagar, Census, the new entrants in the ca tegory Nalgonda and Medak are least urbanised. being Chirala UA. Ongole UA, Kothagudem Obviously the attraction of Hyderabad UA, Khammam UA, Gudivada, Mahbub and its agglomeration constituents has nagar, Chittoor, Guntakal, Hindupur, inhibited the growth of other urban Nandyal. Karimnagar and Ramagundam. Districtwise Break-up of Urban Population Urban Sta te/Di strict Urban Sta te/District Population Population (:I. ) (21 (1) ( 2) Andhra Pradesh 17,764,266 12 Anantapur 747,040 1 Srikakulam 290,214 13 Kurnool 763,904 2 Vizianagaram 360;119 14 Mahbubnagar 341,083 3 Visakhapatnam 1,300,659 15 Rangareddi 1,189,266 4 East Godavari 1,080,130 16 Hyder-abad 3,091,718 5 West Godavari 727.796 17 Medak 327,431 6 Krishna 1,318,954 18 Nizamabad 411,828 7 Guntur 1,176,077 19 Adilabad 480,029 8 Prakasam 452,383 20 Karimnagar 623,751 9 Nellore 568,374 21 Warangal 544,631 10 Chittoor 642,980 22 Khammam 444,056 11 Cuddapah 543,484 23 Nalgonda 338,359 21 TABLE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION, SEX RATIO, GROWTH RATE AND DENSITY OF POPULATION BY DISTRICTS 1991 CENSUS (Provisional Figures) Sex-Ratio Density of Decennial Growth Population 1991 (Females for population rate of STATE! 1000 Males) per Sq.km. population DISTRICT Persons Males Females 1981 1991 1981 1991 1971-81 1981-91 ._---.----.------1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ANDHRA PRADESH 66,304,854 33,623.738 32,681,116 975 972 195 241 +23.10 +23.82 1 Srikakulam 2,314,447. 1,148,958 1,165,484 1,023 1,014 336 397 +10.70 +18.12 2 Vizianagaram 2,101,394 1,050,673 1,050,721 1,006 1,000 276 321 +13.50 +16.47 3 Visakhapatnam 3,272,110 1,555,305 1,615,805 981 976 231 293 +26.56 +27.00 4 East Godavari 4,541,306 2,273,212 2,268,094 992 998 342 420 +19.88 +22.70 5 West Godavari 3,513,979 1,761,464 1,752,515 991 995 371 454 +21.04 +22.27 6 Krishna 3,693,179 1,877,646 1,815,533 971 967 349 423 .. 22.25 +21.15 7 Guntur 4,085,904 2,072,070 2,013,834 973 972 302 359. +20.75 +18.96 8 Prakasam 2,750,340 1,394,016 1,356,324 978 973 132 156 +21. 33 +18.06 9 Nellore 2,390,485 1,207,569 1,182,916 978 980 154 183 +23.78 +18.64 LO Chittoor 3,249,565 1,651,863 1,597,702 966 967 181 214 +20.72 +18.71 11 Cuddapah 2,259,154 1,154,128 1,105,026 959 957 126 147 +22.59 +17.03 12 Anantapur 3,183,781 1,635,353 1,548,428 946 947 133 166 +20.44 24.81 13 Kurnool 2.973,709 1,520,640 1,453,069 962 956 136 168 +21. 45 +23.53 14 Mahbubnagar 3,071,765 1,557,216 1,514,549 983 973 133 167 +26.53 +25.65 15 Rangareddi 2,528,203 1,304,663 1,223,545 956 938 211 337 '+43.47 +58.83 16 Hyderabad 3.091,718 1,611,574 1,480,144 920 918 10,419 14,248 +33.81 +37.35 17 MedaK 2,264,124 1,147,714 1,115,410 982 973 186 233 +23.11 +25.29 18 Nizamabad 2,034,794 1,007,723 1,027,071 945 1,019 211 256 +27.90 +21.14 19 AdUabad 2,080,231 1,050,741 1,029,490 980 9aO 102 129 +27.22 +26.92 20 Karimnagar 3,043,228 1,532,048 1,511,180 994 986 206 257 +24.05 +2·;' 91 21 Warangal 2,811,174 1,432,535 1,378,639 964 962 179 219 +22.95 +22.21 22 Khammam 2,200,081 1,122,356 1,077,725 957 960 109 137 +27.86 +25.61 23 Nalgonda 2,850.183 1,453,271 1, 3~6, 91 2 969 961 150 2GO +25.28 +25.03 22 TABLE 2 DECADAL VARIATION IN POPULATION SINCE 1901 1991 CENSUS (Pro~'isional Figures) ~------.------_ Percentage Decadal Variation in Population STATE/ DISTRICT 1901-11 1911-21 1921-31 1931-41 1941-51 1951-61 1961-71 1971-81 1981-91 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 ANDHRA PRADESH +12.49 -0.13 +12.99 +12.75 +14.02 t20.90 ';13.10 +2~Lfi2 1 Srikakulam + 3.84 +2.02 + 8.84 + 9.04 + 5.43 "10.64 +13.80 +:0.70 +18.12 2 Vizianagaram + 5.06 +1. 08 + 9.97 +10.34 + 9.03 .. 8.01 +12.G5 +13.50 +16.47 3 Visakhapatnam + 6.43 +0.05 +11. 23 +11. 77 +12.24 +22.26 +27.00 4 East Godavari +12.86 +1.70 +14.31 +lC.4S di.l.36 +22.70 5 West Godavari ~13.80 +6.92 +16.12 +15.88 +16.52 +20.02 +2i.. 04 +22.27 6 Krishna +15.33 +6.71 +15.99 t.15.00 +22.84 +19.61 +20.% +21.15 7 Guntur -'-14.58 +6.60 +12.85 ~1/..34 +12.49 8 Prakasam + 9.61 +4.58 + 7.83 +11. 50 + 8.92 +14.21 ·,14.85 i 21. 33 +18 06 9 ·Nellore + 1.92 +4.20 + 8.12 + 8.09 +11. 66 +14.90 +15.53 +'::3.78 10 Ghittoor + 4.73 +2.74 +10.05 +12.48 +11.24 +14.95 +19.00 +20.72 < J 8.71 11 Guddapah + 1.58 -0.67 + 6.95 +11.26 + 9.96 +15.43 +17.52 +22.59 +17.03 12 Anantapur + 2.74 -1.26 + 9.41 +11.86 +16.53 +39.11 +19.68 +20.44 +24.81 13 Kurnool + 8.91 -4.66 +13.53 + 9.13 + 7.56 +19.42 +26.17 +21.45 +23.53 14 Mahbubnagar +17.97 -2.25 +18.84 +11.48 +10.56 + 9.92 +21.46 +26.53 +25.65 15 Rangareddi +25.77 -.11. 28 + 5.62 +37.84 +33.65 ... 8.06 +27.50 +43.47 +58.83 16 Hyderabad +25.77 -11. 28 + 5.62 +37.84 +33.65 + 9.97 +41.17 +33.81 +37.35 17 Medak ,.14. n. -j.04 +16.82 + 9.68 +10.75 +10.59 +19.10 +23.11 +23.29 18 Nizamabad -19.02 -3.35 +20.70 +11.60 +14.13 +22.43 +29.01 +27.90 +21.14 19 Adilabad +27.25 +4.47 +15.31 + 8.42 + 9.95 +21. 37 +27.65 +27.22 +26.92 20 Karimnagar +35.33 -3.03 +13.35 + 9.22 +15.45 +13.54 +21.12 +24.05 +24.91 21 Warangal +25.79 -1.12 +19.50 +15.85 +18.14 +16.21 +21.06 +22.95 +22.21 22 K1Jammam +23.46 +0.72 +21. 61 +17.60 +19.53 +30.88 +29.54 +27.86 +25.61 23 Nalsonda +19.89 -8.47 +19.15 +12.85 +12.40 +21. 02 +16.82 +25.28 +25.03 23 TABLE 3 CITIES WITH A POPULATION OF 100,000 AND ABOVE 1991 CENSUS (Provisional Figures) Provisional Population 1991 Total Literates S1 Name of City Sex No. ratio Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Hyderabad U.A. 4,273,498 2,228,791 2,044.707 91:7 2,432.903 1,437.649 '995,254 2 Visakhapatnam U.A. 1,049,792 542,771 507,021 934 664.505 388.255 276.250 3 Vijayawada U.A. 838,944 428,131 410,813 960 502,074 281,207 220,867 4 Guntur eM) 466,376 235,884 230,492 977 257.867 147,149 110.718 5 Warangal U.A. 465,480 238,257 227,223 954 285,407 170,343 115.064 6 Rajahmundry U .A. 401,951 203,096 198,855 979 236,475 131,473 105,002 7 Kakinada U.A. 326,367 162,995 163.372 1,002 187,775 103,788 83,987 8 Nellore (M) 316,445 160.142 156.303 976 190,328 106,815 83,513 9 Kmnool U.A. 274,777 141.004 133,773 949 157.617 92,~69 64,648 10 Mizamabad (M) 240,144 121,226 118,918 981 120,751 72,002 48,749 11 Cuddapah U.A. 216,078 111,272 104,806 942 127.905 76,363 51,542 12 Ramagundam NAC 213,217 109,243 103,974 952 104,411 62.885 41,526 13 Eluru (M) 212,097 105,582 106,515 1,009 125.717 69,323 56,394 14 T:inlpati U.A. 188,540 97.327 91;213 937 129.482 74.258 55,224 15 Anantapur (M) 174,343 89,976 84,367 938 106,784 63,351 43;433 16 Vizianagaram U.A. 174,299 86,807 87,492 1,008 98,967 57,082 41,885 17 Machllipatnam (M) 158,756 80,061 78,695 983 96,972 54,351 42,621 18 Karimnagar (M) 148,201 76,492 71,709 937 99,832 58,263 41,569 19 Khammam U.A. 147.885 75,736 72,149 953 92,265 54,647 37,,618 20 Chtrala U.A. 142,654 71.194 71,460 1.004 73,935 43,273 30,662 21 Tenali (M) 141,788 70,983 70,805 997 84.138 47.359 36,779 22 Adooi (M) 135,718 68.742 66,976 974 60,640 37.814 22,826 23 Proddatur (M) 133,860 68,141 65,719 964 75.866 46,180 29,686 24 Chittoor (M) 133,233 67,643 65,590 970 89,193 50,457 38,736 25 Ongole U.A. 127,750 65,628 62,122 947 80,891 46,830 34,061 26 Bheemavaram (M) 121,271 61,665 59,606 967 71,530 40,022 31,508 27 Mandyal (M) 118,796 60,757 58,039 955 63,932 38.347 25,585 28 Mahbubnagar (M) 116,874 60,167 56,707 942 74.785 44,295 30,490 29 Guntakal ( M) 107,560 54,619 52,941 969 59.368 35.981 23,387 30 Hindupur ( M) 104,515 53,912 50,603 939 52.211 31,162 21,049 31 Gudivada (M) 101,634 50.924 50,710 996 59,078 32.476 26,602 32 Kothagudem U.A. 100,745 50,336 50,409 1.001 56,383 32,396 23,987 24 TABLE 4 LIT ERA C Y 1991 CENSUS (Provisional Figures) Total Population 1991 Literate Population 1991* STATE/ DlSTRICT Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ANDHRA PRADESH 66,304,854 33,623,738 32,681,116 24,840,456 15,675,060 9" 165, 396 1 Srikakulam 2,314,442 1,148,958 1,165,484 720,496 477,862 242,634 2 Vizianagaram 2,101,394 1,050,673 1,050,721 617,195 411,278 205,917 3 Visakhapatnam 3,272,110 1,656,305 1,615,805 1,289,:W2 804,470 484,732 4 East Godavari 4,541,306 2,~73,21l 2,26H,094 1.H7B,6jU 1.06j,323 815,307 5 West Godavari 3,513,9791,761,4641,752,5151,604,543 897.138 707,405 6 Krishna 3,693,1791,877,6461,815,5331,691,917 979,596 712,021 7 Gnntur 4,085,904 2,072,070 2,013,834 1,662,809 1,017.617 645,192 8 Pral 9 Nellare 2,390,485 1,207,569 1,182,916 987,120 604,055 383,Of,5 10 Chittaor 3,249,565 1,651,863 1,597.702 1,400,905 887.857 513,048 11 Cuddapah 2,259,1541,154,1281,105,026 938,093 625,729 312,364 12 Anantapur 3,183,781 1,635,353 1.548.428 1,136,350 772,428 363,922 13 Kurnool 2,973,709 1,520,640 1,453,069 999,055 676,181 322,874 14 Mahbubnag~r 3,07],735 1,557,216 1,514,549 765,338 524,888 241,450 15 Rangareddi 2,528,208 1,304,663 1,223,545 1,060,645 664,186 396,459 16 Hyderabad 3,0!)1,718 1,611,5741,480,144 1,701,503 997,264 704,239 17 Medal< 2,~:::~,124 1,147,714 1,116,410 622,871 433,721 189,150 18 Nizamabad 2,034,7941,007,7231,027,071 592,752 400,748 192,004 19 Adilabad 2,080,231 1,050,741 1,029,490 577,996 394,742 183,254 20 Karimnagar 3,043,228 1,532,048 1,511,180 1,004,893 679,026 325,867 21 Warangal 2,811,1741,432,535 1,378,639 955,557 537,408 318,149 22 lChammam 2,200,081 1,122,356 1,077,725 750,237 472,053 278,184 23 Nalgooda 2,850,183 1,453,271 1,396,912 916,031 616,006 300,025 • Literates exclude children in the age group 0-6 wha are treated as illiterates in the 1991 Census. 25' TABLE 5 A COMPARATIVE ALL INDIA PICTURE OF POPULATION, Rank India/State/VTs in Population 1991 Sex Ratio Density ·Growth rate popu lation Persons Males Females 1981 1991 1981 1991 71-81 81-91 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 I N D I A 843,930,861 437,597,929 406,332,932 934 929 216 267 24.66 23.50 Andhra Pradesh 5 66,304.854 33,623,738 32,681,116 975 972 195 241 23.10 23.82 Arunachal Pradesh 24 858,392 461,242 397,150 862 861 8 10 35.15 35.86 Assam 13 22,294,562 11,579,693 10,714,869 NA 925 230 284 23.36 23.58 Bihar 2 86,338,853 45,147,280 41,191,573 946 912 402 497 24.06 23.49 Goa 23 1.168,622 59J,563 575,059 975 969 272 316 26.74 15.96 Gujarat 10 41,174,060 21,272,388 19,901,672 942 936 174 210 27.67 20.80 Haryana 15 16,317,715 8,705,379 7,612,336 870 874 292 369 28.75 26.28 Himachal Pradesh 18 5,111,079 2,560,894 2,550,185 973 996 97 92 23.71 19.39 Jammu & Kashmir 17 7,718,700 4,014,100 3,704,600 892 923 59 76 29.69 28.92 Kama taka 8 44,817,398 22,861,409 21,955,989 963 960 194 234 26.75 20.69 Kerala 12 29,011,237 14,218,167 14,793,070 1032 1040 655 747 19.24 13.98 Madhya Pradesh 6 66.135.862 34,232,048 31,903,814 941 932 118 149 25.27 26.75 Maharashtra 3 78,706,719 40,652,056 38,054,663 937 936 204 256 24.57 25.36 Manipur 20 1,826,714 931,511 895,203 971 961 64 82 32.46 28.56 Meg,halaya 21 1, 760,626 904,308 856,318 954 947 60 78 32.04 31.80 Mizoram 26 686,217 356,672 329,545 919 924 23 33 48.55 38.98 Nagaland 22 1,215,573 643,273 572,300 863 890 47 73 50.05 56.86 Orissa 11 31,512,070 15,979,904 15,532,166 981 972 169 202 20.17 19.50 Punjab 14 20,190,795 10,695,136 9,495,659 879 888 333 401 23.89 20.26 Rajasthan 9 43,880,640 22,935,8&5 20,944,745 919 913 100 128 32.97 28.07 Sikkim 28 403,612 214,723 188,889 835 880 45 57 50.77 27.57 Tamil Nadu 7 55,638,318 28,217,947 27,420,371 977 972 372 428 17.50 14.94 Tripura 19 2,744,827 1,410,545 1,334,282 946 946 196 262 31.92 33.69 Uttar Pradesh 1 138,760,417 73,745,994 65,014,423 885 882 377 471 25.49 25.16 West Bengal 4 67,982,732 35,461,898 32,520,834 911 917 615 766 23.1724.55 A 6 N Islands 29 277,989 152,737 125,252 760 820 23 34 67.93 47.29 Chandigarh 27 640,725 357,411 283,314 769 793 3961 5620 75.55 41. 88 IlBdra 6 Nagar Haveli 30 138,542 70,927 67,615 974 953 211 282 39.78 33.63 . IlBman 6 Diu 31 101,439 51,452 49,987 1062 972 705 906 26.07 28.4:1 Delhi 16 9,370,475 5,120,733 4,249,742 808 830 4194 6319 53.00 50.64 Lakshadweep 32 51,681 26,S82 25,099 975 944 125R 1615 26.53 28.40 Pondicherry 25 789,416 398,324 391,092 985 982 1229 160~1 28.15 30.60 Notes: 1. In 1981, Census was not conducted in Assam. Based on the 1971 Census and the 1991 census provisional results the population as of 1981 has been interpolated. 2. As a consequence of the revised estimates for Assam for the year 1981, the total population of India as of 1981 has been estimated as 683,329,097 as agamst earlier publishea figures of 685,184,692. 26 SEX RATIO, DENSITY, GROWTH RATE AND LITERACY 1991 CENSUS (P,ovisional ~'i"lIr'es) Percentage of literates to estimated population aged 7 and above Literate population aged 7 and above 1 9 8 1 1 9 9 1 Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Fern81es 12 13 14 14 16 17 18 19 20 361.713,246* 230,150,363 131,562,883 43.56 56.37 29.75 52.11 63.86 39.42 I N D I A 24,840,456 15,675,060 9,165,396 35.50 46.83 24.16 45.11 56.24 33.71 !\ndhra P,'atk",h 282,147 190,691 91,456 25.54 35.11 14.01 41. 22 51.10 29.37 Arunachal Pradesh 9,631,529 5,862,115 3,769,414 NA NA NA 53.42 62.34 43.7') Assam 26,854,389 19,176,364 7,678,025 32.03 46.58 16.51 38.54 52.63 23.10 Bi'!ar 782,002 440,396 341,606 65.71 76.01 55.17 76.96 85.48 58.20 Goa 21,265.395 13,070,534 8,194,861 52.21 65.14 38.46 60.91 72.54 48.50 Gujarat 7,431.708 4,872.757 2,558,951 43.85 58.49 26.89 55.33 67.BS 40.94 Haryana 2,724,609 1,602.266 1,1:::2,343 51.17 64.27 37.72 63.54 74.57 52.45 Himachal Pradesh NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Jammu Ii Kasilmir 21,074,117 12,868,146 8,205,971 46.20 58.72 33.16 55.98 67.25 44.34 Karnat~ka 22,657,985 11,508.235 11,149.750 81.56 87.74 75.65 90.59 94.45 23,491,956 16,101,046 7,390,910 34,22 48.41 18.99 43.45 57.43 21:l.39 Madhya Pradesh 42,800,914 26.193,454 16,607,460 55.83 69.66 41.01 63.05 74.84 50.51 Maharashtra 895,223 542,513 352.710 49.61 64.12 34.61 60.96 72.98 48.64 Manipllr 689,419 377,281 312,138 42.02 46.62 37.15 -18.26 51. 57 44.78 Meghalaya 462,246 250,962 211,284 74.26 79.37 68.60 81. 23 84.06 78.09 Mizor-am 621.048 360,526 260,522 50.20 58.52 40.28 61.30 66.09 55.72 Nagaland 12,911.905 8,392,320 4,519,585 40.96 56.45 25.14 48.55 62.37 34.40 Orissa 9.952,965 5,897.599 4,055,366 48.12 55.52 3!J.64 57.14 63.68 49.72 Punjab 13.61H.272 10,143,275 3,474,997 30.09 44.76 1 ~l. 99 38.81 55.07 20,84 Rajasthan 186.779 115,502 71,277 41. 57 52.98 27.35 56.53 64.34 47.23 Sikkim 30,383,416 18,066,226 12,317,190 54.38 68.05 40.43 63.72 74.88 52.29 Tamil Nadu 1,368.567 821,403 547,164 50.10 61. 48 38.01 60. 3~ 70.08 5CL 01 Tripura 46,871,095 33,268,503 13,602,592 33.33 47.43 17.18 41.71 55.35 26.02 Uttar Pradesh n,719.340 20,053,418 12,fi55,922 48.64 59.93 36.07 57.72 67.24 47.15 West Bengal 170.349 102,839 67,510 63.16 70.28 53.15 73.74 79.68 66.22 A Ii N Islands 426.009 252,922 173,087 74.81 78.83 69.31 78.73 82.67 73.01 Chandigarh 45,073 30,582 14.491 32.70 44.69 20.38 39.45 52.07 26.10 DadraliNagar Haveli 61,497 35,968 25,529 59.91 74.45 46.51 73.58 85.67 61.38 Daman Ii Diu 5.949.528 3,570,973 2,378,555 71.93 79.28 62.57 76.09 82.63 68.01 Delhi 33,562 19,046 14,516 68.42 81. 24 55.32 79.2:l 87.06 70.88 Lakshadwecp 509,746 287,441 222.305 65.14 77.09 53.03 74.91 83.91 65.79 Pondicherry * Excludes figures for Jammu and Kashm ir. 3. As a consequence of the revised figures the decadal growth rate for India durin~ 1971-Hl hdS been estimated as 24.66. 4.1991 Census has not yet been conducted in J 6 K. The figures are as per projPr.tions prpparl!rj by the Standing CommIttee of Experts. 27 ANNEXURE I Constituent units of the Urban Agglomerations in order of population sizf> formed for J.991. Census. 1. Hyderabad: Hyderabad MC; Secunderabad Cantonment; Osmania University; Balapur(OG}; Kothapet(OG}; Venkatapur(OG} Mallapur(OG}; Hydershakot(OG); Gaddiannaram(P); L.B. Nagar(M); Uppal Kalan(M); Makta Bibi Sahebguda(OG); Malkajgiri(M}; Kapra(M); Alwal(M); Singaipalle(OG); Quthbullapur(M); Kukat palle(M); Seri Lingampalle(M); Rajendranagar(M); Shahzadi Begum(OG); Sham shabad(P}; Rarnachandrapuram (BHEL) Township; Ramachandrapuram(P}; Patan cheru(P) . * 2. Visakhapatnam: Visakhapatnam MC; Gopalapatnam(P); Adivivaram(OG): Vepagunta (P); Venkatapurarn(P); Gajuvaka(P}; Yarada(OG}; Mindi(P}; Nathayyapalem(P) (including Tungalam); Jaggarajupeta(OG); Akkireddipalem(P); Chinnagantyada (P) (including Thokada); Kanithi (OG); Vadlapudi (P); Kurmannapalem (OG); Fakeer- takya( OG); Aganampudi( P); UKkunagaram(Steel Plant Area); Peda Gantyada( P) (including Dibbapalem); Chinna Gadila(P); Yendada(OG); Rishikonda(OG); Pothinamallayyapalem (OG); Madhuravada(OG). 3. Vijayawada: Vijayawada MC; Prasadampadu(OG}; Kanuru(P}; Enikapadu(OG); Ramavarappadu(P); Yenamalakuduru(P); Tadepalle(P); Mangalagiri(M). 4. Warangal: Warangal(M); Gopalpur(OG); Medikonda(R)(part)(OG}; Gorrekunta(part) (OG); Kadipidonda(P) 5. Rajahmundry: Rajahmundry(M); Katheru(OG); Hukumpet(OG); Bommuru(OG); Rajah mundry (NMA) (P); Dowlesh waram (P) .). 6. Kaldnada: Kakinada(M); Turangi(R)(OG); Chidiga(OG); Ramanayyapeta(P); Sur-yaraopet (P) . 7. Kurnool: Kurnool(M); Kallur(P). 8. Cuddapah: Cuddapah(M); Ukkayapalle(OG); Palempalle(OG); Ramarajupalle( OG) ; Gudur( R) rOG) ; Mamillapalle( part) (OG); Akkayapalle(P); Chemmumiahpet(P) ; Chinna Chowk(P). 9. Tirupati: Tirupati(M); Tirupati(NMA)(P). 10. Vizianagaram: Vizianagaram(M); Jammunarayanapuram (part)(OG); Gajularega(P); Kanapaka(P) . 1<. Khammam: Khammam(M); Khanapuram Haveli (part)(OG); Edulapuram (part)(OG). :.2. Chirala: Chirala(M); Chirala(R)(OG); Vetapalem(M). 13. Ongole: ~ngole(M); Ongole(NMA)(P). 14. Kothagudem: Kothagudem (NAC); Garimellapdu( OG); Chunchupalle( P) • 15. Jammalamadugu: Jammalamadugu(P}; Moragudi(P}; Dommara Nandyal(P). NOTE: MC-Municipal Corporation; M-Municipality; OG-Out Growth; P-Panchayat; R-Rural - i. e. portion of a village which is not merged into a town. NMA Non Municipal Areas; NAC-Notified Area Committee. * The constituent units which have been underlined have been now formed into Gajuvaka(M). 28 ANN E X U R E !~ CENsus OF INDIA 1991 INDIVIDUAL SLIP CUNI"lVLn, £ .._ Location Code .•••..••••...... •.•...••..•...... ( Sl. No. of Household [ Pad No ...... Code No. of Development BloCK ••.••..••••.•... : •••.••..•. Slip No ...... 1 Name •.••••.••..•.••.••..•...... ••.....•...... ••.•...... •...... ••.....•..•...•...... 2 Religion ...... , ...... , .....! ..... : ~~~~~~.~.:~...... :::::.:: i:.::L-~ IB 3 Maie(1)/Female(2)...... 9 ~~~t~~; .~:~: ;~;~~~:~: ~~~'.'.:'.'.'.'.'.'. :._.::::: :.;:· .. ::~·::·:b 4 Age...... : 10. Name of Sche·duled Caste/Tribe ...... , .... T .... , ..... , 5 Marital status ...... L. ... i 11 L' ·it·e·r·a·t·e·(·1·j·/·I·ll·l:t·e·r·a·t·e·(·2·)·.·.·.· ...... i ...... i.·.··.·.·tJ': 6 Mother tonlSul!l ...... :...... : ..... ~ ..... :...... : ...... ~ ...... -...... J..... f..... L.... I.... .; 12 Educational attainmf)nt ...... 7 Two other languages known ...... r .... r.... j..... T.... j ...... : ..... :..... : :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : ::.' :.... :: :'.: r·.J.·::::J:::::r:::l 13 ~~;~~~~~~. ~~~~~~;~~~;~;~:;~~;~;;~~; ~.}: :,' .... ::: ·.·.·.~:·.·:b .1 ...... 14A Did you work any time at all last year? ~Y~e=s~~~~~~~~ ______•...... ! ~ i (including unpaid work on farm or in family enterprise) No (H/ST/D/R/B/I/O) : ...... : ..... , 14B If 'Yes'in 14A. did you work for major part of last year? Yes(1)/No(2! ...... 0 15A Main activity last year? Yes in 14B( C/ AL/HHljOW) ...... ,...... " ..... ·1 ..... ;.... .1 No in 14B(H/ST/D/R/B/I/O) If HHI/OW in 15A (i) Name of establishment ...... •...... •...... •....•...... (ii) ~~~~~~, ~~. ~~~~~~~~: . ~~~~~.. o.~ .~~~~~~~'. ~ '. '. ~ '. '. '. '. '. ~'. '. '..... '. " ....•..... :'. '. '. : : " '...... : '. '. : : ..•. '..... '..... '.•... '. : •.•.... ,' .... T.... L.:::L.' ..... i (iii) Description of work ...... L.... L.... !... ..( (Iv) Class Of worker ...•...... •...... L.... J 15B 'Yes'in 14B-Any other work any time last year? Yes(C/AL/HHI/OW)/No ...... , ..... , .. , . . , ...... ~ ...... : 'No'in 14B-Work done any time last year?(C/AL/HHI/OW) If HHI/OW in 158 (i) Name of establishment .... , ...... (ii) ~~~~~~, ~~. ~~~~~~~~: ..t~~~~ .. 0.1' •• ~~~~~~~'. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. '. " '. '. '. '. '. '. : '. '. '. '. " '. '. '. : '. '••••••••••• : •••••••• '••••• '. '.: ' ••••• '••••• '. '. : .••• ::'. '.'r::::c:::~::::::\ ( iii! Description of work ...... , ...... , ...... ;,...... 1. .. .) ...... : (iv) Class oj \\l'l'kpf , ...... ~!: 16A If 'No' In 141\, seeking/available for work? Yes(1)/No(2) ...... ' ..... , .. , ..... , ..... , ...... 16B 'If 'Yes' in 16A. have you ever worked before? Yes(1)JNo(2) ...... 17A Whether you Rn_' 1f' Ex-serviceman? Yns(1 ~ 1\ ,:2) ...... :7B If 'Yes' in 17:\, : ·Dsioner(1)/Non-Pensioner(2) ...... , ..... , .. , ..... , ...... , .. , ... , ...... 18 Birth place r·····: (a) Place of hi rlh ...... , ...... '''0 fb) Rural(1)/l'rllan(2) ...... ,.,...... ;.' :.' (bj Number of children surviving at present (c) District ...... (d) State/Country ...... :: L· .. ~:~::~~ ..... T~~~::~ Male D Female D Total D 19 Last residence (c) Number of children ever born alive (a) Place of last residence ...... O (b) Rural ( 1 )/Urban( 2) ...... ,...... , (c) District...... , ...... : ...... +... + ..... 1 Male D Female 0 Total o (d) State/COllnt ry ...... , . " . , , , ... , ...... ' ...... i ...... : 20 Reasons for migral ion irom place of 0 last residen~e (r.oclc)! •....•.•...... , .. , 23 For currently married women only 21 Duration of rl!si[Jr,n " at the village ur r-I Any chi ld born alive during town of enumr.ratHlO ...... •...•...... L-J last one year .... , ...... , ... , ...... [ __ ~~miIY m"ved (4) ] I- ,. i Natural ulll1miti0.s liko (1rOllRht, fJucds. etc. (Il) I Others (7) L ___ ._~~ _____~~ ______L I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS On co:npletion of the Census Opera the Census organisation could do justice tions in the State, I most gratefully to the job. I am indebted to the acknowledge the invaluable services Director of Economics and Statistics who rendered by the enumerators, super most willingly allowed involvement of visors and then of course the vast his staff at all levels during various multitude of .cespondents who spared time stages of the operation. to ans weI' the barr~ge of questions ungrudgingly. The enumerators and supervisors, bulk of whom were teachers I express my respectful gratitude and government employees maintained the to the Governor and the Chief Minister best tradition of Indian Census and did of Andhra Prc:desh for their blessings their job with a rare sense of duty. and messages to the people. I am The MandaI Revenue Officers and the thankful to the press, AIR, Doordarshan Municipal Commissioners as charge and the State Information and Publicity officers bore the real brunt during the departments for giving wide and enthu actual operation. I record my gratitude siastic coverage to the operations. I am to them and other officers who assisted personally grateful to Sri A. R. Nanda, the Collectors and Commissioners of the Registrar General and Census Commis Corporations in conduct of the Census sioner, India for his constant support, operations. I would like to place· on mature advice and inspiring leadership record the help extended by Government at every stage. My friends and of Andhra Pradesh. I am personally colleages in the Directorate and the grateful to the Chief Secretary, Andhra Regional Offices, during the period Pradesh, the other Secretaries to worked really hard with exceptional Government and all other colleagues in sense of involvement and dedication. the Secretariate and districts who were Many of them had to undergo lot of ever willing to help. It was due to personal inconvenience for covering far timely provision of funds, vehicles and flung areas of the state. I gratefully personnel by the State Government that acknowledge their contribution. R.P. SINGH Director of Cmsus Operations List of Officers of the Directorate .S/Sri Y. G. Krishnarnurthy, Krishnamurthy, B. Surya Rao, M.. Raghavaiah, Ch. Purnachandra Rao ,. L.Premachandra Reddy, B.Parthasarathy, D.Krishna Reddy, A.Shambulingam, B.Satyanarayana, D.Radhakrishnan, P.Sudhakar Rao. DtPUTY DIRECTORS S/Sri M. Venkateswara Rao, K.K.Sarrna, C.S. Bose, A.Chandrasekhara Reddy, Khaja Moinuddin, Smt. P. Lalitha. ASSISTANT DIRECTORS Sri Shyarn Deo RESEARCH OFFICER Those who worked on provisional paper (i) Compilation of provisional figures and fair copying: S/Sri K.Srimannarayana, N. V. Manohar Rao, B.Surya Prakash, S.Habeebuddin, K.Adinarayana, G. Venkateshwara Rao, K. Eliah, S. V .S.Srinivasa Murthy, B.Satyanarayana, B. Raju, n..Raghurarnam, M.Varaprasad, P.Ravinder, B.V.Rarnanamurthy, N.V.Bhadram, C.V.Nataraj, P. Kulasel (ii) Preparation of maps Ii charts: S/Sn Syed Ahmed, M.J .Sadiq, B. Raghuram, K. Devadass, G. Mariyanna, D. C. Raju, M.A.Quadeer, Gulam Hasan Moinuddin, P.Babji, A.S.R.Prasad, K.Sundar Kumar, S. Ramachandra Murthy, M. Yadagiri Rao, Kum • Aqueela Begum, Smt. R. R.S. N.Subba Lakshmi. 30