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Konceptstudie Av Solcellsdriven Bil a Concept Study of a Solar Car

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Konceptstudie Av Solcellsdriven Bil a Concept Study of a Solar Car Konceptstudie av solcellsdriven bil Richard Hansson EXAMENSARBETE 2011 Magister Industridesign Konceptstudie av solcellsdriven bil A concept study of a solar car Richard Hansson This degree project is performed at the School of Engineering in Jönköping in the subject field Industrialdesign. The project is a result of the master program Industrialdesign. The writers are responsible of the result, conclusions and reflections. Tutor: Lars Eriksson Extent: 30 points (D‐level) Date: 2011‐06‐10 Filing number: Postadress: Besöksadress: Telefon: Box 1026 Gjuterigatan 5 036‐10 10 00 (vx) 551 11 Jönköping Abstract World Solar Challenge is a competition in Australia held to promote the development of renewable energy sources. In this competition universities around the world participates and build their own solar driven car. This car should then be driven between Darwin and Adelaide, a distance of approximately 3000 km thru Australia on the shortest time as possible. This project is a collaboration with School of Engineering in Jönköping for a coming course where students can apply and then participate in World Solar Challenge 2013. This course makes it possible for students to build a solar car which will be driven and a part of the competition. By putting demands that is necessary and desirable in a function analysis the project gets a starting‐point and a support that decides how the concept should look like and which of the demands that should be implemented. The restrictions which the management of the competition for World Solar Challenge has established can be converted to necessary demands in the function analysis. The research, restrictions and those theories of the aerodynamic aspects has decides how the concept is designed. The result of this project is a solar car that with help of its connective shape can acquire its good aerodynamic properties and also in this way have a good opportunity to compete of a top placing in the World Solar Challenge. The concept is called Sting and is a three wheeled vehicle with a solar array of 6 m2 which is the allowed surface of silicon cells. Thanks to the design of Sting with the drivers cabin placed in the front of the vehicle the air resistance doesn’t affect the rear as much, which is the part that is exposed to most of the turbulence. In this way the rear can be designed as thin and sleek as possible to easier connect the airstreams again, without turbulence. Core considerations for the concept are: speed, environmental friendliness, aerodynamics and alternative energy sources. Thru this project the concept can be further developed in the coming course at School of Engineering in Jönköping. The conclusion is that the concept fulfills those demands that where established in the function analysis and it can be a base for the course with a good starting‐point. Postadress: Besöksadress: Telefon: Box 1026 Gjuterigatan 5 036‐10 10 00 (vx) 551 11 Jönköping Sammanfattning Sammanfattning World Solar Challenge är en tävling i Australien vars syfte är att främja utvecklingen av förnyelsebar energi. Här deltar olika universitet runt om i världen och för att bygga en solcellsdriven bil som drivs av solens energi. Den ska sedan köras en sträcka mellan Darwin och Adelaide på dryga 300 mil genom Australien på kortast möjligast tid. Projektet görs för Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping till en kommande kurs som studenter kan söka sig till för att delta i World Solar Challenge 2013. I kursen ingår att bygga en solcellsbil som man sedan tävlar med. Genom att sätta upp krav som är nödvändiga och önskvärda i en funktionsanalys får projektet en utgångspunkt och ett stöd som bestämmer hur konceptet ska se ut och vilka krav som måste uppfyllas. De restriktioner som tävlingsledningen för World Solar Challenge upprättat kan omvandlas till nödvändiga krav i funktionsanalysen. Researchen, restriktionerna och de teorier som de aerodynamiska aspekterna pekat på bestämmer hur konceptet är utformat. Resultatet i projektet är en solcellsbil som med hjälp av sin sammanhängande form får goda aerodynamiska egenskaper och kan på det sättet konkurrera om en topplacering i World Solar Challenge. Konceptet kallas Sting och är ett trehjuligt fordon med en solcellsyta på 6m2 som är den tillåtna ytan för kiselsolceller. Genom att placera förarhytten framtill påverkar inte luftmotståndet bakänden lika mycket, som är den del som utsätts för mest turbulens. Bakänden kan på detta sätt smalnas av och föra samman luftströmmarna igen utan att det uppstår turbulens. Designen av Sting kommer från fyra värdeord vilka är: snabb, miljövänlig, aerodynamisk och alternativa energikällor. Genom detta projekt kan konceptet utvecklas vidare i den kommande kursen hos Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping . Slutsatsen är att konceptet uppfyller de krav som funktionsanalysen innehåller och att konceptet kan ligga till grund för kursen med en bra utgångspunkt. 2 Innehållsförteckning Innehållsförteckning 1 Inledning .................................................................................... 5 1.1 BAKGRUND ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 SYFTE OCH MÅL .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 AVGRÄNSNINGAR ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 DISPOSITION ............................................................................................................................... 6 2 Teoretisk bakgrund .................................................................. 7 2.1 FORDONSDYNAMIK ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Aerodynamik ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 Interferensmotstånd .......................................................................................................... 7 2.1.3 Rullmotstånd ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.4 Luftmotstånd ..................................................................................................................... 8 3 Metod ......................................................................................... 9 3.1 FUNKTIONSANALYS .................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 KONCEPTGENERERING ................................................................................................................ 9 3.2.1 Brainstorming ................................................................................................................... 9 3.2.2 Skissning ........................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 MOOD BOARD ........................................................................................................................... 10 3.4 MORFOLOGISK METOD .............................................................................................................. 10 3.5 GO/NOGO-SÅLLNING ................................................................................................................ 10 4 Genomförande ........................................................................ 11 4.1 PROJEKTPLAN ........................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 FUNKTIONSANALYS .................................................................................................................. 11 4.3 RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................ 11 4.3.1 Historia ........................................................................................................................... 11 4.3.2 Konkurrenter .................................................................................................................. 12 4.3.3 Komponenter .................................................................................................................. 14 4.3.4 Fordonstyper .................................................................................................................. 17 4.3.5 Att tänka på vid utformning av solcellsbil ...................................................................... 19 4.3.6 Restriktioner World Solar Challenge.............................................................................. 19 4.4 KONCEPTGENERERING 1 ........................................................................................................... 19 4.4.1 Morfologi ........................................................................................................................ 19 4.4.2 Mood board .................................................................................................................... 20 4.4.3 Koncept ........................................................................................................................... 21 4.4.4 Val av koncept ................................................................................................................ 23 4.5 KONCEPTGENERERING 2 ..........................................................................................................
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