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Beetles Found in Woods Trash During Winter Boll Weevil Surveys

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Beetles Found in Woods Trash During Winter Boll Weevil Surveys Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. Ra r i ’ BEETLES FOUND IN • WOODS TRASH DURING WINTER BOLL , WEEVIL SURVEYS ' -"I Production Research Report No. 119 Agricultural Research Service UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE in cooperation with South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station BEETLES FOUND IN WOODS TRASH DURING WINTER BOLL WEEVIL SURVEYS By Vernon M. Kirk and Harrie M. Taft, Jr., entomologists, Entomology Research Division, Agricultural Research Service^ Summary Samples of woods trash col- 405 species found, representing lected in the fall and spring in 41 families of beetles, 35 species South Carolina were examined to are well-known pests. Many others determine the numbers of boll are from families that include seri- weevils (Anthonomus grandis ous pests. Twenty-one species of Boheman) entering hibernation lady beetles (Coccinellidae) and sites and surviving the winter. over 100 species from families The material was also examined that are mostly predators on for all other species of beetles. Of other insects were identified. Introduction The duff or woods trash on the the woods trash. Bondy,^ Beck- forest floor has long been known ham,"^ and Fye et al.^ found that as the principal hibernation quar- about 80 percent of the weevils ters for the boll weevil {Anthon- omus grandis Boheman). Since 2 Bondy, F. F. boll weevil control IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES. U.S. it has been a pest of cotton in the Bur. Ent. and Plant Quar. E-431, 9 pp. efforts have been United States, 1938. made to reduce its overwintering 3 Beckham, C. M. hibernating populations by winter burning STUDIES OF THE BOLL WEEVIL IN RELA- TION TO A SMALL GEORGIA PIEDMONT 1 This report is technical contribution COTTON FIELD. Jour. Econ. Ent. 50: No. 799, Department of Zoology and 833-834. 1957. Entomology, South Carolina Agricul- 4 Fye, R. L., McMillian, W. W., tural Experiment Station, Clemson. The Walker, R. L., and Hopkins, A. R. senior author was formerly entomolo- THE DISTANCE INTO WOODS ALONG A COT- gist and professor of entomology, Clem- TON FIELD AT WHICH THE BOLL WEEVIL son University Pee Dee Experiment HIBERNATES. Jour. Econ. Ent. 52: 310- Station, Florence, S.C. 312. 1959. : BEETLES FOUND DURING WINTER BOLL WEEVIL SURVEYS 3 hibernated within 200 feet of the in this ecological niche. Rain- edge of the woods near cotton- water® reported 201 species of fields. Treating this area with beetles taken from woods trash insecticides or pathogens has been during winter examinations. Since considered.^ However, little was then, names have been changed known regarding other insects and additional species have been that might also be overwintering found. Methods For many years people associ- all leaves and litter down to the ated with cotton production have soil surface on a 2-square-yard been informed each spring of the area in a wooded area adjacent to number of boll weevils entering a cottonfield. In the laboratory hibernation and successfully over- this trash was processed through wintering in their area. This in- a power shaker where coarse ma- formation is obtained routinely terial was separated from the from late fall and early spring finer particles. The fine material surveys of typical boll weevil was spread in a thin layer on a 3- hibernation sites by State and by 8-foot steel-topped table hav- Federal agencies. ing a soil-heating cable beneath it. In South Carolina three areas, As the material became warm, each consisting of three counties, most of the insects came to the were surveyed twice each year. surface where they could be hand- Fifteen to 30 farm sites were chosen in each area, and three collected. From these surveys the samples were taken from each 204 new records presented here location. A sample consisted of were obtained. Results and Discussion Of the 405 species collected of the beetles. However, clues to from woods trash, 35 are well- their possible importance may be known pests." Little is known found from the general economics about the life histories of many of the families to which they belong. 5 Walker, R. L., and Hopkins, A. R. The following species were col- STUDIES ON THE CONTROL OF BOLL WEE- lected during the winter from VILS IN SURFACE WOODS TRASH. Jour. woods trash in South Carolina Econ. Ent. 49 : 696-698. 1956. ® Rainwater, C. F. insects and SPIDERS FOUND IN SPANISH MOSS, GIN TRASH, AND WOODS TRASH, AND ON WILD 7 The assistance of the many taxon- COTTON. U.S. Bur. Ent. and Plant omists who identified most of the species Quar. E-528, 20 pp. 1941. listed is gratefully acknowledged. e 4 PROD. RES. RPT. 119, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE CARABIDAE Lebia viridis Say^ Lebia ornata Say^ Carabus vinctiis Webb^ Lebia analis Dejean^ Notiophilus novemstriatus Lebia fuscata Dejean LeConte^ Dromius piceus Dejean Dyschirius glohulosus Say Pinacodera limbata (Dejean) ^ Clivina americana Dejean^ Pinacodera platicollis Say Clivina bipustulata Fab.^ Apenes opaca LeConte Nomius pygmaeus (Dejean) ^ Apenes sinuata Say^ (stink beetle) Hellumorphoides nigripennis Anillus dunavani Jeannel Dejean^ Tachys vivax LeConte Tachys laevus Say DYTISCIDAE Evarthrus sodalis (LeConte) Liodessus fuscatus (Crotch) Loxandrus lucidulus minor Copelatus glyphicus (Say) (Chaudoir) HYDROPHILIDAE Loxandrus velox (Dejean) Cercyon haemorrhoidalis (Fab.) Loxandrus parallelus Casey^ Calathus opaculus LeConte^ STAPHYLINIDAE Agonum tenue LeConte^ Acidota crenata (Fab.)^ Agonum ferreum Haldeman Carpelimus bilineatus (Stephens) Agonum albicrus Dejean^ Apredium schwarzi Fauvel Agonum octopunctatum Fab.^ Thorscophorus fletcheri Wendeler Agonum punctiforme Say Osorius latipes (Gravenhorst) Amara musculi (Say)^ Oxyporus occipitalis Fauvel Amara cupreolata Putzeys^ Stenus colon Say Amara basillaris Say Stenus carolinea Casey Harpalus gemmeus Casey^ Pinophilus opacus LeConte^ Selenophorus opalinus LeConte^ Palaminus luteus Casey^ Anisodactylus rusticus Say^ Palaminus testaceus Erichson Anisodactylus nigerrimus Dejean^ Rugilus dentatus Say^ Anisodactylus laetus Dejean^ Homaeotarsus bicolor Trichotichnus autumnalis (Say)^ Gravenhorst ^ Acupalpus longulus Dejean^ Homaeotarsus badium Acupalpus ochropezus Say^ Gravenhorst ^ Acupalpus indistinctus (Dejean) Homaeotarsus pallipes Tachistodes testaceus (Dejean)^ Gravenhorst Badister reflexus LeConte^ Homaeotarsus cinctus Say^ Leptotrachelus dorsalis Fab.^ Lathrobium angular LeConte^ Colliuris pennsylvanica L.^ Lobrathium longiusculum Tetragonderus intersectus Gravenhorst Germar^ Achenomorphus corticinus Lebia pulchella Dejean^ (Gravenhorst) ^ BEETLES FOUND DURING WINTER BOLL WEEVIL SURVEYS 5 Astenus prolixus (Erichson)^ Arthmius prob. gracilior Casey Astenus binotatus (Say) Batrisodes globosus (LeConte) Gyrohypnus fuscipes (LeConte) Cercocerus batrisodes LeConte Gyrohypnus hamatus (Say) Tmesiphorus costalis LeConte Nematolinus longicollis LeConte Adranes coecus LeConte Diochus nanus Erichson Erichsonius loxatus (Horn) LEPTODIRIDAE Erichsonius parcus (Horn)^ Nemadus horni Hatch Philonthus lomatus Erichson^ Ptomaphagus consobrinus Philonthus sordidus LeConte^ (Gravenhorst) ^ Belonuchus rufipennis Fab. LEIODIDAE Staphylinus tomentosus Gravenhorst ^ Anisotoma expolita Brown Quedius molochinus SCYDMAENIDAE (Gravenhorst) ^ Bolitobius cinctus Euconnus affinis Casey Gravenhorst ^ Napochus nr. dentiger (Casey) Lordithon axillaris Gravenhorst Napochus clavatus (LeConte) Lordithon dimidiatus (Erichson) Napochus lynceus (Casey) Bryoporus rufescens LeConte^ Napochus basale (LeConte) Mycetoporus humidus Say Na/pochus lacunosus (Casey) Mycetoporus consors LeConte^ Napochus pumilus (Casey) Mycetoporus americanus Napochus nr. politus (Casey) Erichson Stenichnus perforatus (Schaum) Mycetoporus flavicollis LeConte^ Chevrolatia amoena LeConte Mycetoporus flavicollis pictus Scydmaenus grossus (LeConte) Horn^ Mycetoporus splendidus SCAPHIDIIDAE Gravenhorst Scaphidium quadriguttatum Say^ Tachyporus jocosus Say Scaphidium quadriguttatum Erchomus ventriculus (Say) piceum Melsheimer^ Erchomus laevis (LeConte)^ Cyparium flavipes LeConte Tachinus opicus Say Eubaeocera mitchelli Cornell ^ Tachinus pubescens Paykull Baeocera speculifer Casey^ Tachinus crassus Gravenhorst Tachinus parvulus (Horn) HISTERIDAE Phanerota fasciata (Say) Euspilotus placidus Erichson^ Platylomalus aequalis (Say) PSELAPHIDAE Paromalus seminulum Erichson Trimiomelba dubia LeConte Epierus pulicarius Erichson Reichenbachia nr. congener Onthophilus alternatus Say^ Brendel Hister rotundus Casey ^ 6 PROD. RES. RPT. 119, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE Atholus sedecimstriatus Say^ Serica parallela Casey Phelister subrotundus Say^ Diplotaxis sordida Say^ Diplotaxis liberta (Germar)^ SCARABAEIDAE Diplotaxis excavata LeConte^ Canthon nigricornis (Say)^ Diplotaxis densicollis Fall Canthon prohus (Germar) Anomala nigropicta canadensis Canthon bispinatus Robinson Casey Glaphyrocanthon viridis HELODIDAE (Palisot de Beauvois)^ Ateuchus histeroides Weber^ Cyphon nebulosus (LeConte) Ateuchus lecontei (Harold)^ Cyphon padi L. Onthophagus subaeneus Cyphon pusillus (LeConte) (Palisot de Beauvois)^ EUCINETIDAE Onthophagus hecate (Panzer)^ Onthophagus striatulus Eucinetus strigosus LeConte (Palisot de Beauvois)^ BUPRESTIDAE Onthophagus tuberculifrons Harold ^ Dicera punctulata (Schonherr) Onthophagus concinnus Laporte^ Chrysobothris chrysoela Aphodius stupidus Horn^ (Illiger)^ Aphodius campestris Blatchley^ ELATERIDAE Aphodius distinctus (Mueller)^ Aphodius terminalis Say^ Conoderus auritus (Herbst)^ Ataenius ovatulus Horn^ Aeolus amabilis
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