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ADMINISTRATIVE MORALITY in COLOMBIA by Copyright 2013 Angela María Páez Murcia

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ADMINISTRATIVE MORALITY in COLOMBIA by Copyright 2013 Angela María Páez Murcia ADMINISTRATIVE MORALITY IN COLOMBIA By Copyright 2013 Angela María Páez Murcia Submitted to the graduate degree program in Public Affairs and Administration and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the reQuirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Charles R. Epp ________________________________ H. George Frederickson ________________________________ Steven Maynard-Moody ________________________________ Ebenezer Obadare ________________________________ Ruben Flores Date Defended: April 12, 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Angela María Páez Murcia certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: ADMINISTRATIVE MORALITY IN COLOMBIA ________________________________ Chairperson Charles R. Epp Date approved: April 22, 2013 ii Abstract This dissertation analyzes a cause of action created by the Colombian constitutional reform of 1991: administrative morality. This cause of action was created with the purpose of facilitating citizen engagement in governmental administration by allowing ordinary people to file a lawsuit to challenge governmental corruption. This constitutional reform fostered high hopes of law-inspired social change. The Constitution of 1991 did not define administrative morality and there has been no study of its meaning or effect. This dissertation addresses two Questions: what is administrative morality? And what has been the impact of this cause of action on governmental administration? Drawing on governmental and legislative documents, court cases, journalistic articles, and interviews with key actors, the dissertation demonstrates that administrative morality has only partially met its framers’ aspirations. The Colombian legislature adopted enabling legislation that provided a financial incentive to file lawsuits on administrative morality but then revised the law to reduce this incentive. The Colombian Council of State (the supreme court for administrative matters) has generally ruled against plaintiffs and with governmental defendants. Key agencies of public administration have developed no common interpretation of administrative morality and do not provide policy guidance, training, or oversight in order to comply with the norm. Media coverage initially fostered hope that the new norm would bring significant reforms, but as time passed the media have become less hopeful. Still, the dissertation also suggests that administrative morality has encouraged people to develop higher expectations of governmental performance. iii Acknowledgements “Don't let your life be barren. Be useful. Make yourself felt” (Josemaria Escriva de Balaguer). Since I first decided to pursue a Ph.D. degree at the University of Kansas these words have been an inspiration for all the hard work and commitment that it entailed. My decision to pursue a Ph.D. degree at KU was based on my interest in finding a place that could challenge my intellectual curiosity and in which I had he opportunity of sharing with professors and colleagues the noble task of intellectual inQuiry on governmental administration. In the School of Public Affairs and Administration I found this environment. My classes, seminars, discussions, and conversations with faculty and fellow students allow me to deepen my understanding of public administration and its impact on social life. I would like to thank God, my family, and friends who supported me during these years. Especially I want to thank the following people for their encouragement and support: My gratitude goes to my academic advisor professor Charles R. Epp for providing me with the opportunity of working with him. I received constant and valuable insights from professor Epp that have undoubtedly shaped my understanding of the research process and of governmental administration. I want to thank professor Epp for his valuable advice and his constant motivation to conQuer higher goals. I would also like to thank my committee members, professor H. George Frederickson, professor Steven Maynard-Moody, professor Ebenezer Obadare, and iv professor Ruben Flores for their comments, Questions, and suggestions about my dissertation that challenged me academically. Thank you for your support and interest in my research project. Also I want to thank professor Steven Maynard-Moody for his support and encouragement that helped to keep things in perspective in my research journey. My sincere appreciation goes to my good friends in Lawrence, Maneekwan Chandarasorn, Arely Torres (Patricia), and Alisa Moldavanova. Your friendship and support along this process made me feel that Lawrence was home and they helped me to see all the good things even when times were challenging. I am deeply grateful for having the opportunity of sharing this journey with you, and I am honored to have you as friends. I want to thank my very good friends Maria Clara Obando, Johanna Vega, Hilba Guzman, and Viviana Moreno who motivated me on every step of this process that started a long time ago. I am deeply thankful because you patiently shared smiles and tears, and you helped me to keep things in perspective specially when the circumstances were more challenging. I am very grateful for your friendship. I would like to express my gratitude to each person who has supported me in this path. Isaac Nichols thanks for changing my plans, for making me smile when I felt that I was running up the hill (metaphorically and literally), and for providing me with the support that I needed in those last of stages of my dissertation; it’s always fun dancing with you. I am deeply grateful to the wonderful Lawrence Tango Community because it helped me to dance through the good times and the more challenging times v of my dissertation process. Particularly I want to thank Jean, Eric, Ray, Michael and all the other tangueros that I had the pleasure to dance with in our Monday practicas. I would also like to thank my colleagues and friends in the School of Public Affairs and Administration for supporting me and for making this journey memorable. I am deeply grateful to the KU Fulbright Scholars Association for being welcoming and for its immense support when I first came to KU. Thanks to my good friends in Kansas City: Grace, Vicky, Nuris, Wendy, Laurie, Mary, Ruth, Jeanne, Maria Susana, Lilian, and Susan. I always knew I could count on your prayers and support. Yoly, you have taught me so many things and specially you made me feel supported and loved; thank you very much. Thanks to all my dear friends in Kansas and in Colombia for the emotional support, camaraderie, entertainment, and caring they provided: Nathan, Anne, Eric, Julia, Kristina, Dasha, Sarah and Weng, Alexandra, Adriana Patricia and Miguel, and Serna. Harry, your comments and feedback when I was getting ready for presentations were always helpful and encouraging; thank you very much. Thanks to my Colombian friends at KU, Adriana, Gabi, Valeria, Gabriel, and Manuel; it was fun to have our very own Colombian celebrations here in Lawrence. I would like to express my gratitude to the Universidad de La Sabana in Colombia for granting me with the invaluable opportunity of attending the University of Kansas for my doctoral studies. Especially, I want to thank the Chancellor Obdulio VelasQuez and the Director for Teaching Luz Angela Vanegas for their constant support. I would also like to show my gratitude to the Fulbright program, Colciencias, and DNP for providing me the doctoral scholarship to study at the University of Kansas. My sincere vi appreciation goes to the Department of Spanish and Portuguese at KU, particularly to professor Amy Rossomondo, for giving me the valuable of opportunity of sharing my language and culture with KU students. I would like to express my gratitude to the Dean and my colleagues at the Law School of Universidad de La Sabana who provided me with their insights during my doctoral studies. My sincere appreciation goes to the experts who participated in my interviews. I would like to thank my family for their love and support: Quiero agradecer a cada miembro de mi familia por su apoyo. A mis abuelos, mis tíos y primos por su motivación y aliento. De manera especial mi cariño y afecto están en el papá Clodomiro y la mamá Rosa Maria por los miles de recuerdos y momentos dulces que viví a su lado. Quiero agradecer a Claudia: tu ayuda y apoyo siempre con una sonrisa hicieron más fácil para mí acoplarme y aprovechar al máximo esta experiencia. De manera especial gracias por entender cada nuevo reto al que me enfrenté y por compartir conmigo la convicción de que podía alcanzar la meta. Me alegra muchísimo haber podido compartir contigo este proceso. Agradezco infinitamente a mis papás y a mi hermano por ser mi “barra” constante. Sus oraciones y cariño han sido el apoyo sin el cual no habría podido alcanzar esta meta. Papi, tu afán por conocer y aprender sobre cosas nuevas cada día es una motivación y modelo para mí. Con tu sabiduría y experiencia me dibujaste mundos insospechados que poco a poco he podido vislumbrar. Por ser inspiración y aliento, muchas gracias. Te quiero mucho. Mami, le doy gracias a Dios por tener en tí tal modelo y voz de aliento a vii mi lado que han hecho más fácil recorrer este camino. Tu voz siempre oportuna, tus mil detalles y cariño, tu capacidad de hacerme reir me llenan de admiración y son una bendición constante. Con tu apoyo y amor quiero seguir conquistando metas que nos permitan disfrutar muchas cosas juntas. Te quiero mucho. Al, es una verdadera
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