® PXA27x Processor Family: An Applications Processor for Phone and PDA applications

N.C. Paver PhD Architect Intel Corporation

Hot Chips 16 August 2004

Agenda

Ÿ Overview of the Intel® PXA27X processor architecture Ÿ The Intel XScale® Microarchitecture with Intel® Wireless MMX™ technology. Ÿ Wireless Intel Speedstep® technology Ÿ Performance/Power metrics Ÿ Advanced Packaging technology Ÿ Summary

Intel Communications Group – Cellular and Handheld Group Page 2

1 Intel® PXA270 Processor block diagram

Memory Intel® Intel Quick Capture LCD Wireless XScale® Controller interface USB Controller MMX™ Core SDRAM Control Host 4-bit SD I/O Unit (32K I$, 32KD$)

PWM x 4 Flash Control

USIM Card SRAM Control Keypad

Intel MSL UART x 3 Interface Baseband SRAM AC97/I2S 256k bytes SSP x 3

I2C DMA Bridge Controller USB Client Real Time Clock Interrupt Clock Divider 32 KHz Osc Power JTAG Controller and 13 MHz Osc Management Timer (4F,8S) Distribution w/ watchdog Core PLL I2C for Peripheral DVM GPIO PLL(s)

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Intel® PXA270 Processor

256KB XScale® Core SRAM media Interfaces - Multi

BIU Wireless MMX Power and Clock Unit Manager

Peripheral Subsystem

PLLs

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2 Intel XScale® Microarchitecture

Key Features: Ÿ ARM* V5TE Architecture Compliant Ÿ Up to 624 MHz operation Ÿ Scalar, in-order issue architecture • Concurrent execution in 3 pipes • Out-of-order return Ÿ 7-stage integer pipeline • Dynamic branch prediction • 32 KB I Cache & 32KB D Cache • 32 Entry I and 32 Entry D TLB • Eight entry write buffer • Four entry fill buffer • Supports dynamic voltage and frequency management

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Intel® Wireless MMX™ Architecture

Datapath units include: Ÿ Register file unit, Ÿ Execution unit, Ÿ Multiply accumulate unit Ÿ Shift/Permute unit.

Ÿ Intel® Wireless MMX™ Technology offers a large register space (16x64bit registers) Ÿ Can use register file as a Level 0 Cache. – Store all of the filter coefficients in the register file for repeated application – For motion search 8x8 reference region can be CP1: Status & CP0: SIMD Data kept in only 8 registers Control Registers

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3 Pipeline Organization

The Intel® Wireless MMX™ unit is tightly coupled with Intel XScale® core and also contains three pipelines.

F1 -F2: Instruction fetch ID: Instruction decode RF: Operand access & bypass X1: -XWB: Pipe stages for ALU M1-MWB: Pipe stages for MAC D1-DWB: Pipe stages for load instructions

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Intel® Wireless MMX™ Technology: Performance Play a video while listening to an MP3

90.0 Wireless MMX Enabled 80.0 ARM* v5TE instructions only 70.0 75.0 60.0 66.0 50.0 51.0 50.0 40.0 42.0 Frame Rate [fps] 30.0 32.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 208 Mhz 312 Mhz 416Mhz

Up to 50% more performance than Scalar code

*Intel PXA270 processor Configuration: Actual benchmarks were run on a Mainstone I system (main board r ev 1.1 ECO B, Rev 2 daughtercard, ECO D with 2.5 Volt VCC_MEM. with Intel PXA270 processor A1 stepping running at speeds indicated in graph. The 208 MHz measurements made in the processor Run mode and measurements at all other frequencies were made in Turbo Mode. The system bus was 104 MHz for 208, 312, 416 and 520 MHz core frequencies This platform represents a “bare metal ” system with no operating applications system. MPEG-4 decoder implemented with unreleased Intel IPP library optimized for Wireless MMX ™ and MPEG-4 content is the CIF resolution video clip “ Coastguard” in portrait mode. Intel Communications Group – Cellular and Handheld Group Page 8

4 Multi-media Interfaces

Ÿ Designed to work well together – Capture, processing, display, Ÿ LCD Controller provides 2 hardware overlays & 1 cursor Ÿ Provides Hardware Color Conversion

– YCbCr ->RGB

Ÿ Supports up to 4M Pixel image sensors Ÿ Wide Range of Sensors Ÿ Converts packed image data to planar format for SIMD processing Ÿ Low power image preview can utilize HW color conversion

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Wireless Intel SpeedStep® Technology Intel® PXA27x processor Includes: Power Modes –5 low power modes –Ability to change Frequency and Voltage dynamically •IDLE Mode:

–Power Manager software provides Idle between stylus taps Lower Power* frame work to utilize Intel PXA27x •Deep IDLE Mode: processor low power modes Human interface devices on •Standby Mode: CPU state retained •Sleep Mode: Run Deep GPIO state retained Idle •Deep Sleep Mode: Max power savings

Faster response Time* No state retained Idle

Standby *Faster response time, lower power based on which power mode the processor is in Sleep

Deep Sleep

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5 New Low Power Modes

35 Power Consumption mWatts* 25 15

Milliwatts 15 1.7 5 0.1 Deep Idle Standby Deep Sleep

Processor response time (ms)* 100 Entry Time (ms) 80 Exit Time (ms) 100 60 40 Time (ms) 20 .001 0.15 .43 11 1.5 0 Deep Idle Standby Deep Sleep

Balance power with system response time

Source: Intel Corporation Test Configuration: AE boot code to generate specs in Intel PXA270 processor Electrical, Mechanical, and Thermal Specifications (EMTS) document from http://developer.intel.com . Performance tests and ratings are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. The D eep sleep response time is a function of external voltage ramp s o is dependent on actual system. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. *Other names and brands may be claimedIntel as the property Communications of others. Group – Cellular and Handheld Group Page 11

Wireless Intel SpeedStep® Power Manager

§ Software which enables the use of Wireless Intel SpeedStep App-1 App-N Drv-1 Drv-N Technology IPM APPS Drivers § Power Manager is an add-on software module that is integrated in the OS BSP’s User Policy Manager § Supports Palm*, Symbian*, Linux* preferences DVM/DFM, State Mgmt and * OSs § Intel provides documentation to Idle Perf assist driver modifications required profiler profiler to interface to the software Inputs into the Policy Manager

Includes: – Profiler Modules – Monitors idle activity, Outputs from the Policy Manager CPU% usage, and provide user input to the Policy Manager so the power policy Power Policy can be determined Processor and Device States – Policy Manger – Takes input from Operating Frequencies and Voltages profilers and determines the system power policy under all types of workloads

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6 Wireless Intel Speedstep® Technology In Action: Video Playback

Ÿ Use MHz and voltage change to achieve lower total playback power Ÿ Enabled by Wireless Intel SpeedStep® Power Manager

Wireless Intel Speedstep VCC_Core changes to higher MHz / voltage when decoding 1.35 video frame 1.3

1.25

1.2

1.15 Voltage (V)

1.1

1.05 Wireless Intel Speedstep 1 change to lower MHz / 1 25 49 73 97 121 145 169 193 217 241 265 289 313 337 361 385 409 433 457 481 voltage when not Time Sample (ms) processing video frame

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Intel® PXA27x Processor Family: SoC to SiP Ÿ Intel® PXA27x processor family includes stacked products: – PXA270 discrete processor – PXA271, PXA272 & PXA273 stacked products – Processor speed and stack contents vary with product – MHz, Flash and SDRAM

Top Package Intel® UT-SCSP: Intel® Flash + RAM Stack Package*

1.4 – 1.6mm

Bottom Package Up to 60% smaller total package area** vs. separate discrete Logic

*The tape, die and packages shown are samples only provided solely to illustrate Steps in the folded stack packaging process and Intel makes no warranties, either Express or implied with regard to such tape, die or packages. ** when comparing 14x14x1.4mm Intel PXA271 processor and separate discretes of 17x17x1.75mm processor, 9x11x1.0mmIntel Communications Intel® Flash, 11x13x0.8mm SDRAM Group – Cellular and Handheld Group Page 14

7 Summary

Ÿ The family of Intel® PXA27x processors provide a highly integrated, low power SoC and SiP solution for wireless and handheld platforms

Ÿ The Intel XScale® microarchitecture with Intel® Wireless MMX™ technology provides a high performance, low power multimedia experience

Ÿ Wireless Intel Speedstep® technology provides advance for low power applications

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Performance tests and ratings contained within this presentation are measured using specific computer systems and/or components and reflect the approximate performance of Intel products as measured by those tests. Any difference in system hardware or software design or configuration may affect actual performance. Buyers should consult other sources of information to evaluate the performance of systems or components they are considering purchasing. For more information on performance tests and on the performance of Intel products, reference www.intel.com/procs/perf/limits.htm or call (U.S.) 1-800-628-8686 or 1-916-356-3104

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