Members of Commissions, Boards, and Committees1

members of commissions, boards, and committees1

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE2

Eugene M. Rasmusson George L. Frederick Jr. Ronald D. McPherson Paul D. Try

Susan K. Avery Bradley R. Colman Richard E. Hallgren Kenneth C. Spengler

COMMITTEES OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Awards3 Chair: Margaret A. LeMone, National Center for Atmo- David A. Randall, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Colorado spheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523

Robert E. Dickinson, Dept. of Atmos. Sciences and Inst, of William H. Hooke, Office of Policy and Strategic Planning, Atmos. Physics, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 Dept. of Commerce, Washington, DC 20230

Thomas Rossby, Graduate School of Oceanography, Univ. Peter Leavitt, Weather Services Corp., 420 Bedford St., of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 Lexington, MA 02173

'The Executive Director is an ex officio member of all commissions, boards, and committees. 2Addresses listed on page 1554. 3The AMS President serves ex officio on this committee.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1555

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC 1556 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC 3 Nominating Karon Kelley, National Center for Atmospheric Research Library, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 Chair: James R. Mahoney, International Technology Corp., 1575 I St. NW, Suite 425, Washington, DC 20005 John M. Lewis, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 1313 Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069 Marvin Geller, State Univ. of New York, Marine Science Research, Endeavour Hall, Rm. 145, Stony Brook, NY Melvyn A. Shapiro, NOAA Environmental Technology 11794-5000 Laboratory, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 Kristina B. Katsaros, NOAA/AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Diane Rabson, Archivist, National Center for Atmospheric Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1026 Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 Stanley A. Changnon, Illinois State Water Survey, Atmo- 3 4 spheric Sciences Division, 2204 Griffith Dr., Champaign, Investments ' IL 61820-7495 Chair: Werner A. Baum, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306 Franco Einaudi, NAS A/GSFC, Lab for Atmospheres, Code 910, Greenbelt, MD 20771 John Cahir, 952 Robin Rd., State College, PA 16804-4128 Susan Solomon, NOAA, R/E/ALS, 325 South Broadway, James R. Mahoney, International Technology Corp., 1575 Bldg. 24, Rm. 1105, Boulder, CO 80303 I St., NW, Suite 425, Washington, DC 20005

Admissions Thomas F. Malone, Box 8208, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27695-8208 Chair: Mark Zahniser, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Man- ning Rd., Billerica, MA 01821-3976 Interactive Information and Processing Systems Michael Griffen, Phillips Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, 29 Co-Chair: Floyd F. Hauth, Ret., USAF (ret.) NWS Mod- Randolph Rd., Bedford, MA 01731 ernization Committee, HA 278, National Research Coun- cil, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20418 James Koermer, Plymouth State College, Plymouth, NH 03264 Co-Chair: Joseph S. Matney, The MITRE Corp., 1820 Dolly Madison Blvd., McLean, VA 22102 Mishelle Michaels, WHDH-TV, 7 Bulfinch Place, Boston, MA 02114 David D. Blaskovich, Silicon Graphics/ Cray Research, 99 Pacific St., Suite 200G, Monterey, CA 93940 Robert M. Thompson, Jr., NWS/NOAA, 445 Myles Standish Blvd., Taunton, MA 02780 Horst Boettger, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, Berkshire RG2 History of the Atmospheric Sciences 9 AX, England Chair: James R. Fleming, Science, Technology & Society Ronald S. Gird, National Weather Service, W/0M22,1325 Program, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Colby College, East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Waterville, ME 04901 Mary M. Glackin, National Weather Service, Wx22,1325 William Barney, 817 Aster Blvd., Rockville, MD 20850 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910-3283 Gordon D. Cartwright, P.O. Box 5498, Incline Village, NY Robert C. Landis, World Meteorological Organization, 89450 World Weather Watch, 41 Giuseppe Motta, Case Postale No. 2300, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland Joseph O. Fletcher, 165 Havenwood Lane, Sequim, WA 98382

3 Charles L. Hosier, Dept. of Meteorology, 617 Walker Bldg., The AMS President serves ex officio on these committees. 4 The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802 The Chair of the Planning Commission, the Executive Director, and the Secretary-Treasurer serve ex officio on this committee.

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1557

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Donald R. Mock, NOAA/Climate Diagnostics Center, 325 Roger S. Pulwarty, CIRES, Box 449, Univ. of Colorado, Broadway, R/E/CD, Boulder, CO 80303 Boulder, CO 80309-0449

David J. Pace, General Sciences Corporation, FAA Richard C. J. Somerville, Scripps Inst, of Oceanography, Weather TAC, 600 Maryland Ave., SW, Suite 485, Wash- Univ. of California, San Diego, Mail Code A-024, La Jolla, ington, DC 20024 CA 92093

Patricia M. Pauley, Dept. of Meteorology, Naval Post- Thomas Stewart, Director for Research, Center for Policy graduate School, 589 Dyer Rd., Rm. 254, Monterey, CA Research, Univ. at Albany, State Univ. of New York, 135 93943-5114 Western Ave, Milne 30, Albany, NY 12222-6001

James A. Schiavone, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 101 Crawfords Corner Rd., Rm. 2E-501, Holmdel, NJ 07733 COMMITTEES OF THE COUNCIL Fellows5 Committee on Local Chapter Affairs Chair: Paul D. Try, GEWEX Project Office, 1100 Wayne Ave., Suite 1210, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Chair: Bernard N. Meisner, National Weather Service, 819 Taylor St., Rm. 10A26, Fort Worth, TX 76102-6114 Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Washington, 164 Wilcox Hall, FX-10, Seattle, WA Lucille Marks, P.O. Box 660, Livermore, CA 94551 98195 Wayne McCollom, 1606 Bermuda Dr., O'Fallen, IL 62269- Inez Yau Sheung Fung, School of Earth and Ocean Science, 2981 Univ. of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, MS 4015, 3964 Gordon Head, Victoria, B.C. V8W2Y2, Canada Richard E. Peterson, Dept. of Geosciences, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock, TX 79409 Hugh E. Willoughby, NOAA/AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-0206 Wendy Schreiber-Abshire, COMET/UCAR, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Raymond J. Ban, The Weather Channel, 300 Interstate North Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30339-9990 Carmen H. Tarbell, National Weather Service W/0S014, 1325 East-West Highway, Rm. 17324, Silver Spring, MD James H. Henderson, NWS/NOAA/NCEP/AWC, Federal 20910-3283 Bldg., Rm. 1728, Kansas City, MO 64106

Committee on Societal Impacts Sverdrup Gold Medal Chair: James F. Kimpel, Director, National Severe Storms Chair: Mark A. Cane, Lamont-Doherty Geological Obser- Lab., 1313 Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069 vatory, Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY 10964 Stanley A. Changnon, Jr., Illinois State Water Survey, Tim P. Barnett, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. Climate & Meteorology Section, 2204 Griffith Dr., of California, San Diego, Mail Code 0224, La Jolla, CA Champaign, IL 61820 92093 Jack Fellows, UCAR, Foothill Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 Klaus Hasselmann, Max-Planck Institute, Bundestrasse 55, D-2000 Hamburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany William H. Hooke, Office of Policy and Strategic Planning, Dept. of Commerce, Washington, DC 20230 James F. Price, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Thomas R. Karl, NOAA/NCDC, Federal Bldg., 151 Patton Ave., Asheville, NC 28801-5001

Roger Pielke, Jr., Environmental and Social Impacts Group, UCAR, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000

5The AMS President serves ex officio on this committee.

1558 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Henry Stommel Research Award Board of Certified Consulting Meteorologists Chair: Dennis W. Moore, NOAA-OAR, Pacific Marine Chair: John P. Bradley, Murray & Trettle, Inc., 414 W. Environmental Lab., 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, Frontage Rd., Northfield, IL 60093 WA 98115-0070 Lee E. Branscome, Environmental Dynamics Research Inc., Roger B. Lukas, Dept. of Oceanography, Univ. of Hawaii, 7338 155th Place North, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33418 Honolulu, HI 96822 Keith J. Brown, 343 Camber Lane, Port Ludlow, WA 98365 James R. Luyten, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Gerald J. Dittberner, NOAA/NESDIS, Rm. 3301, Federal Bldg. #4, Washington, DC 20233 Public Policy Carl A. Mazzola, Stone & Webster Engineering Corp., 4163 Chair: Eugene M. Rasmusson, Dept. of Meteorology, Univ. Hammonds Ferry Rd., Evans, GA 30809 of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2425 Lysa G. Modica, Earth Tech, Inc. 196 Baker Ave., Concord, George L. Frederick, Jr., Radian Electronics Division, MA 01742 15508 Bratton Lane, Austin, TX 78728 Barry Richwien, Aeronautical Science Dept., Embry-Riddle David D. Houghton, Dept. of Atmos. & Oceanic Sciences, Aeronautical Univ., 3200 North Willow Creek Rd., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, 1225 West Dayton St., Madi- Prescott, AZ 86301 son, WI53706 Board of Broadcast Meteorology Ronald D. McPherson, National Centers for Environmen- tal Prediction, National Weather Service, NOAA, World Chair: Vincent D. Condella, WITI-TV Weather, 9001 N. Weather Bldg., Rm. 101,5200 Auth Rd., Washington, DC Green Bay Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53217 20233 Frederick J. Gadomski, 503 Walker Bldg., Dept. of Meteo- Richard D. Rosen, Atmospheric and Environmental Re- rology, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA search, Inc., 840 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, MA 02139 16802

Paul D. Try, International GEWEX Project Office, 1100 Roy L. Leep, 4141 Bayshore Blvd., #1902, Tampa, FL Wayne Ave., Suite 1210, Silver Spring, MD 20910 33611

Michael H. McClellan, WMBD-TV, 3131N. University St., COMMISSION ON PROFESSIONAL AFFAIRS Peoria, IL 61604

Chair: Raymond J. Ban, Tim Brian McGill, Chicago Land Television News, 3541 The Weather Channel, 300 Salem Court, Island Lake, IL 60042 Interstate North Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30339 David M. Miller, WFRV-TV, 1181 E. Mason, Green Bay, WI 54301 Members: Chairmen of the Constituent Boards Donald J. Paul, WIVB-TV, 2077 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, NY 14207-1975

Sterling Poulson, KUTV, 2185 South 3600 W, Salt Lake City, UT 84130

Terri A. Smith, The Weather Channel, 300 Interstate N. Raymond J. Ban Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30339

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1559

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Board of Private Sector Meteorology Board for Continuing Education Chair: Phillip D. Falconer, Falconer Weather Information Chair: Steven B. Newman, Dept. of Physics & Earth Sci- Service, 7 Via Maria Dr., Scotia, NY 12302-5717 ences, Central Connecticut State Univ., New Britain, CT 06065 Christopher D. Bedford, Weather Services Corporation, 420 Bedford St., Lexington, MA 02173 Allan C. Eustis, NOAA/ NWS, Office of Industrial Meteo- rology, 1325 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD Virginia Bigler-Engler, San Diego Air Pollution Control 20910-3283 District, 9150 Chesapeake Dr., San Diego, CA 92123-1096 Warren L. Qualley, Weather Services, American Airlines James N. Cooper, GTE Information Systems Division, Flight Academy, P.O. Box 619617, Dallas-Fort Worth Air- 15000 Conference Center Dr., Chantilly, VA 20150 port, Fort Worth, TX 75261-9617

Ronald N. Keener, Duke Power Company, DT02X, 9700 Ronald E. Rinehart, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. David Taylor Dr., Charlotte, NC 28120 of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-8007

John A. Lasley, AAI/Systems Management, Inc., 3723 Timothy C. Spangler, CCM, COMET/UCAR, P.O. Box Capulet Terr., Silver Spring, MD 20906 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000

Gene J. Pfeffer, Radian International, 5600 Airport Blvd., John W. Wilson, CCM, 40 Midland Rd., Trumbull, CT Boulder, CO 80301 06611

David B. Spiegler, DBS Associates, Inc., P.O. Box 574, Ex officio: Phillip J. Smith, Dept. of Earth & Atmospheric Billerica, MA 01821-2501 Sciences, Purdue Univ., 1397 Civil Engineering Bldg., West Lafayette, IN 47907-1397 Jeffrey A. Tarde, Johns-Manville, 10100 West Ute Ave., Littleton, CO 80127 PUBLICATIONS COMMISSION

Board for Operational Government Chair: Wayne H. Schubert, Meteorologists Dept. of Atmospheric Sci- ence, Colorado State Univ., Chair: Jeff Waldstreicher, Science & Operations Officer, Fort Collins, CO 80523 National Weather Service Office, Binghamton Regional Airport, 32 Dawes Dr., Johnson City, NY 13790 Members: Editors-in-Chief of periodicals and serials Michael J. Arellano, National Weather Service, 300 Pinson Dr., Corpus Christi, TX 78406 Members at Large:

Charlotte Camp, NWS Forecast Office, 5324 Tri-Hill Front- Marvin Geller, State Univ. age Rd., Great Falls, MT 59404 of New York, Marine Sci- ence Research, Endeavour Michael Davenport, Technology Training Division, HQ Wayne H. Schubert Hall? ^ 145? Stony Brooki AWS/XOT, 102 West Losey St., Rm. 105, Scott AFB, IL NY 11794-5000 62225-5206 Joseph B. Klemp, National Center for Atmospheric Re- Michael E. Dotson, Naval Meteorology & Oceanography search, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Command, 1020 Balch Blvd., Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5005 Richard E. Orville, CIAMS, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 Dan McCarthy, Jr., NOAA/NWS, 1313 Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069

1560 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Board of the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Brian Fiedler, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Piotr Flatau, Univ. of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA Co-Chief Editor: William R. Cotton, Dept. of Atmospheric J. Michael Fritsch, The Pennsylvania State Univ., Sciences, Foothills Campus, Colorado State Univ., Fort University Park, PA Collins, CO 80523 Teddie Keller, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO Co-Chief Editor: Roger A. Pielke, Dept. of Atmospheric Steven K. Krueger, Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT Sciences, Foothills Campus, Colorado State Univ., Fort Larry J. Mahrt, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR Collins, CO 80523 Chin-Hoh Moeng, National Center for Atmospheric Research/Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorology Division, Boulder, CO Alberto Mugnai, Istituto di Fisica dell'Atmosfera/CNR, Frascati, Italy Christoph Schar, Atmospheric Physics, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland Qin Xu, Naval Research Lab, Monterey, CA

Board of the Journal of Applied Meteorology Chief Editor: Michael Garstang, Dept. of Atmo- spheric Sciences, Univ. William R. Cotton Roger A. Pielke of Virginia, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22902 J AS Editors: JAM Editors: Christopher Bretherton, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, Robert M. Rauber, Dept. of AK-40, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Anne R. Douglass, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Mail Code 916, Greenbelt, MD 20771 Harshvardhan, Dept. of Michael Garstang Earth & Atmospheric Sci- Ngar-Cheung (Gabriel) Lau, GFDL/NOAA, Princeton ences, Purdue Univ., 1397 Univ., Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 Civil Engineering Bldg., West Lafayette, IN 47907-1397 David B. Parsons, National Center for Atmospheric Re- C. David Whiteman, Battelle Pacific, NW Laboratories, search, P.O. Box 3000,1850 Table Mesa Dr., Boulder, CO Richland, WA 99532-2022 80307-3000

Eric A. Smith, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State JAM Associate Editors: Univ., 306 Love Bldg., Tallahassee, FL 32306-3034 V. Chandrasekar, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO Joseph J. Tribbia, National Center for Atmospheric Re- Paul J. Demott, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO search, Climate and Global Dynamics Division, P.O. Box Ellsworth Dutton, NOAA/CMDL, Boulder, CO 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 G. David Emmitt, Simpson Weather Associates, Charlottesville, VA J AS Associate Editors: Jeremy M. Hales, ENVAIR, Kennewick, WA Mark R. Hjelmfelt, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid Alan K. Betts, Atmospheric Research, Pittsford, VT City, SD Grant W. Branstator, National Center for Atmospheric Witold Krajewski, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA Research, Boulder, CO Kenneth Kunkel, Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, IL Han-Ru Cho, Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada James L. McElroy, Environmental Monitoring Systems Ming-Dah Chou, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, Lab, Las Vegas, NV Greenbelt, MD Grant W. Petty, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1561

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Marcia Politvich, National Center for Atmospheric Board of the Monthly Weather Review Research, Boulder, CO Co-Chief Editor: David P. Jorgensen, NOAA/NSSL, Konrad Steffen, CIRES, Boulder, CO N/C/MRD, Boulder, CO 80303-3337 Roland B. Stull, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Co-Chief Editor: Ying-Hwa Kuo, National Center for At- Joel Susskind, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, mospheric Research, MMM, Room 3009, P.O. Box 3000, Greenbelt, MD Foothills Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 Jeffrey C. Weil, CIRES, Boulder, CO

Board of the Journal of Physical Oceanography Chief Editor: Julian P. McCreary, Nova Southeast- ern Univ., Oceanographic Center, 8000 North Ocean Dr., Dania, FL 33004

JPO Editors:

Nelson Hogg, Senior Scien- tist, Woods Hole Oceano- graphic Institution, MS21, Woods Hole, MA 02543 David P. Jorgensen Ying-Hwa Kuo Julian P. McCreary Peter Miiller, Dept. of Ocean- ography, Univ. of Hawaii at MWR Editors: Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 Dean G. Duffy, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Code JPO Associate Editors: 912, Greenbelt, MD 20771

John M. Bane, Jr., Univ. of North Carolina, Asheville, NC Russell L. Elsberry, Dept. of Meteorology, Naval Post- Claus W. Boning, Institute fur Meereskunde Kiel, Germany graduate School, Mail Stop MR-ES, Rm. 254, 589 Dyer Kenneth H. Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Rd., Monterey, CA 93943-5114 Woods Hole, MA Peter R. Gent, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Mojib Latif, Max-Planck-Institute fur Meteorology, Boulder, CO Bundesstrasse 55, D-2000 Hamburg 13, Germany Nicholas E. Graham, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA Frederick Sanders, 9 Flint St., Marblehead, MA 01945 Robert L. Haney, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA Phillip J. Smith, Dept. of Earth & Atmospheric Science, Norden E. Huang, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, Purdue Univ., 1397 Civil Bldg., West Lafayette, IN 47907- Greenbelt, MD 1397 Peter D. Killworth, Southampton Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom MWR Associate Editors: Barry A. Klinger, Nova Southeastern Univ., Dania, FL William G. Large, National Center for Atmospheric Ernest Agee, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN Research, Boulder, CO Howard Bluestein, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli, Massachusetts Institute of Steve Burk, Naval Research Lab, Monterey, CA Technology, Cambridge, MA Steven Cohn, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD Andrew M. Moore, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO Christopher A. Davis, National Center for Atmospheric Dennis W. Moore, NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Research, Boulder, CO Laboratory, Seattle, WA Charles Doswell, NOAA/ERL/NSSL, Norman, OK Edward S. Sarachik, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA Kelvin Droegemeier, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Peter Wadhams, Univ. of Cambridge, Cambridge, United John R. Gyakum, McGill Univ., Montreal, Quebec, Canada Kingdom

1562 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Matt Hecht, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO Greg J. Holland, BMRC, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Tony Hollingsworth, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berkshire, England Jon Martin, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI Clifford Mass, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA Fedor Mesinger, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, Washington, DC Andrew M. Moore, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO Steven L. Mullen, The Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ James J. O'Brien, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL Patricia M. Pauley, Naval Research Lab, Monterey, CA Thomas T. Wilheit Albert J. Williams Dave Raymond, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM Anthony Rosati, NOAA/GFDL, Princeton Univ., Princeton, Walter F. Dabberdt, National Center for Atmospheric NJ Research, Boulder, CO Richard Rotunno, National Center for Atmospheric Warner Ecklund, NOAA/Aeronomy Laboratory, Boulder, CO Research, Boulder, CO David M. Farmer, Institute of Ocean Sciences, British Frank Roux, Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Steve Rutledge, Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, CO R. M. Hardesty, NOAA/Wave Propagation Laboratory, David J. Stensrud, NOAA, National Severe Storms Boulder, CO Laboratory, Norman, OK Bruce Hicks, NOAA/Air Resources Laboratory, Boulder, CO John Thuburn, Univ. of Reading, Reading, England Chris Kummerow, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, Stanley Trier, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Greenbelt, MD Boulder, CO Kevin D. Leaman, Univ. of Miami, Miami, FL Morris Weisman, National Center for Atmospheric George L. Mellor, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ Research, Boulder, CO G. R. North, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX Hugh Willoughby, NOAA/ERL/AOML, Miami, FL Daniel L. Rudnick, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA Da-Lin Zhang, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD Mark Weber, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Edward Zipser, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX Lincoln Lab, Cambridge, MA Xiaolei Zou, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL Robert A. Weller, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA Paul Willis, NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteoro- Board of the Journal of Atmospheric and logical Laboratory, Miami, FL Oceanic Technology Co-Chief Editor/Atmospheric Technology: Thomas T. Board of Weather and Forecasting Wilheit, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 Chief Editor: Gary M. Carter, NOAA/NWS, 630 Co-Chief Editor/Oceanic Technology: Albert J. Williams Johnson Ave., Bohemia, III, Dept. of Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering, Woods NY 11716 Hole Oceanographic Institution, 58 Water St., Woods Hole, MA 02543 WAF Editors:

JTECH Associate Editors: Stephen K. Koch, Dept. of Marine, Earth and Atmos. Darrel Baumgardner, National Center for Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina Research/ATO, Boulder, CO State Univ., Campus Box V. N. Bringi, Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, CO 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 Fred Brock, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Dudley B. Chelton, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR Joseph M. Pelissier, NWS, Gary M. Carter Bruce D. Cornuelle, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 1549 GSP Dr., Greer, SC Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 29651-9202

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1563

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC WAF Associate Editors: Antonio J. Busalacchi, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Cen- ter, Code 970, Greenbelt, MD 20771 Warren Blier, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA Edward S. Epstein, AMS DC Office, 1200 New York Ave., Nicholas A. Bond, Pacific Marine Environ. Lab., Seattle, WA NW, Suite 410, Washington, DC 20005 Lance F. Bosart, Univ. at Albany, State Univ. of New York, Albany, NY James J. Hack, Climate Modeling Section, Climate & Glo- Harold E. Brooks, National Severe Storms Laboratory, bal Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Norman, OK Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 John Conway, National Severe Storms Laboratory, CIMMS, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Thomas R. Karl, NOAA/National Climatic Data Center, John Cortinas, Jr., National Severe Storms Laboratory, Federal Bldg., 151 Patton Ave., Asheville, NC 28801-5001 CIMMS, Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK J. Paul Dallavalle, Techniques Development Laboratory, Neville Nicholls, Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Silver Spring, MD GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, 3001 Australia David Dempsey, San Francisco State Univ., San Francisco, CA JCLI Associate Editors: Charles A. Doswell III, National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, OK Howard Barker, Atmospheric Environment Service, Larry Dunn, National Weather Service, Salt Lake City, UT Downsview, ON, Canada Catherine Felton, San Francisco State Univ., San Francisco, David Battisti, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA CA Anthony Del Genio, NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Michael Foster, National Weather Service, Fort Worth, TX Studies, New York, NY Robert Johns, National Severe Storms Forecast Center, Clara Deser, CIRES/Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO Kansas City, MO John Kutzbach, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Robert Maddox, National Severe Storms Laboratory, WI Norman, OK Sydney Levitus, NOAA/National Oceanographic Data Russell S. Schneider, National Centers for Environmental Center, Asheville, NC Prediction, Camp Springs, MD David Neelin, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA David J. Stensrud, NOAA, National Severe Storms Sumant Nigam, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD Laboratory, Norman, OK Joyce E. Penner, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Edward J. Szoke, National Center for Atmospheric Livermore, CA Research, Boulder, CO Richard Reynolds, National Centers for Environmental Louis W. Uccellini, National Weather Service, Silver Prediction, Washington, DC Spring, MD William B. Rossow, NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Dalin Zhang, McGill Univ., Montreal, Canada Studies, New York, NY Siegfried D. Schubert, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Board of the Journal of Climate Center, Greenbelt, MD Albert J. Semtner, Jr., Naval Postgraduate School, Chief Editor: David A. Monterey, CA Randall, Dept. of Atmo- Chung-Hsiung Sui, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, spheric Sciences Center, Greenbelt, MD Colorado State Univ., Fort Pieter Tans, NOAA Climate Monitoring & Diagnostics Collins, CO 80523 Laboratory, Boulder, CO Compton J. Tucker, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, JCLI Editors: Greenbelt, MD John E. Walsh, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL Gordon B. Bonan, National Stephen E. Zebiak, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Center for Atmospheric Palisades, NY Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 David A. Randall

1564 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Earth Interactions Editorial Advisory Board: Copublished with the American Geophysical Union and Chair: Werner A. Baum, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida the Association of American Geographers State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306 Chief Editor: Eric J. Barron, Alfred K. Blackadar, Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Meteo- Earth System Science Cen- rology, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA ter, The Pennsylvania State 16802 Univ., Deike Bldg. Rm. 248, University Park, PA 16802 Richard E. Orville, CIAMS/Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 EI Editors: Karon M. Kelly, Manager of Information Support Services, George F. Hepner, Dept. of National Center for Atmospheric Research Library, P.O. Geography, OSH 270, Univ. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Associate Managing Editor: Irwin B. Abrams, American Eric J. Barron Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108 David T. Sandwell, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. of Board of Meteorological Monographs California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 Editor: Peter S. Ray, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida Kevin E. Trenberth, Climate Analysis Section, NCAR, ML, State Univ., P.O. Box 67012, P.O. Box 3000,1850 Table Mesa Dr., Boulder, CO 80307 404 Love Bldg., Tallahassee, FL 32306-3034 Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Monograph Associate Editor: Richard E. Hallgren, Editors: Executive Director, Ameri- can Meteorological Society, Robert C. Beardsley, Woods 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA Hole Oceanographic In- 02108 stitution, Woods Hole, MA Educational Affairs Editor: Peter S. Ray James R. Holton, Univ. of John T. Snow, Office of Washington, Seattle, WA the Dean, College of Geo- Richard E. Orville, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX sciences, The Univ. of Okla- Jesse J. Stephens, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL homa, Sarkeys Energy Cen- ter, Rm. 710,100 East Boyd Historical Monograph Series Editor: St., Norman, OK 73019- Richard E. Hallgren 0628 Ronald C. Taylor, 6100 Westchester Park Dr., Apt. 1812, College Park, MD 20740-2851 Special Editor: H. Thomas Rossby, Graduate School of Oceanography, Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI02881 Information Systems Committee Special Editor: Soroosh Sorooshian, Dept. of Hydrology & Chair: Joseph B. Klemp, National Center for Atmospheric Water Res., The Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307

Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts Dennis Boccippio, Global Hydrology and Climate Center, NASA/MSFC ES41, Marshall Space Flight Center, AL Managing Editor: Richard E. Hallgren, Executive Director, 35812 American Meteorological Society, 45 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108 Christopher S. Bretherton, Dept. of Mathematics, AK-40, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1565

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Brian D. Heckman, COMET, UCAR, P.O. Box 3000, Boul- Xuhui Lee, Yale Univ., School of Forestry and Environ- der, CO 80307-3000 mental Studies, Greely Lab, 370 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511 Richard E. Orville, CIAMS/Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 Albert Peterlin, USDA, 1400 Independence Ave., S.W., Rm. 5143, South Bldg., Washington, DC 20250 Peter S. Ray, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State Univ., P.O. Box 67012, 404 Love Bldg., Tallahassee, FL 32306- Katharine B. Perry, Dept. of Horticultural Science, North 3034 Carolina State Univ., Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609

David A. Randall, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Colorado Richard L. Snyder, Univ. of California, One Shields Ave., State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 Dept. of Land, Air and Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616- 8627 Robert B. Wilhelmson, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Beckman Institute, MC 251, 405 N. Mathews, Urbana, IL Applied Climatology 61801 Chair: Phillip A. Pasteris, Water and Climate Services, Ex officio: Wayne H. Schubert, Dept. of Atmospheric Sci- USDA/NRCS, National Water and Climate Center, 101 ence, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 S.W. Main St., Suite 1600, Portland, OR 97204-3224

Glen Conner, Dept. of Geography & Geology, Western SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL Kentucky Univ.,1 Big Red Way, Bowling Green, KY 42101 ACTIVITIES COMMISSION6 Chair: Richard D. Rosen, Brian K. Eder, Atmospheric Modeling Division, Mail Drop Atmospheric and Environ- 80, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 mental Research, Inc., 840 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, David R. Easterling, National Climatic Data Center, 151 MA 02139 Patton Ave., Asheville, NC 28801

Members: Chairmen of the Keith G. Henderson, Dept. of Geography and Anthropol- Scientific and Technological ogy, Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Activities Committees Pamela Naber Knox, State Climatology Office, 1225 West Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706

Roger S. Pulwarty, CIRES/Climate Diagnostic Center, Richard D. Rosen Campus Box 449, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309- 0449 Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Peter J. Robinson, Univ. of North Carolina, CB# 3220,203 Chair: Joyce F. Strand, Statewide IPM Project #2182, Univ. Saunders Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3220 of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616-8621 Anderson White, NEXRAD Operational Support Facility, J. D. Carlson, Dept. of Biosystems and Agricultural Engi- 1200 Westheimer Drive, Norman, OK 73069 neering, 214 Agricultural Hall, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078-6021 Artificial Intelligence Applications to Francis M. Fujioka, USDA, U.S. Forest Service, Forest Fire Environmental Science Lab, 4955 Canyon Crest Dr., Riverside, CA 92507-6099 Chair: Richard L. Bankert, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Hopper Ave., Monterey, CA 93943-5502 David W. Goens, NWS, 1320 Beechcraft Ave., Pocatello, ID 83204 Donald Bustamante, New Mexico State Univ., Box 30002, Dept. 3548, Las Cruces, NM 88003 6The STAC Chair and the Executive Director are ex officio members of all STAC committees.

1566 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Douglas Christopherson, National Weather Service Fore- Nien Dak Sze, Atmospheric and Environmental Research, cast Office, 101 12th Ave., Fairbanks, AK 99701-6266 Inc., 840 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, MA 02139

Bjarne Hansen, Environment Canada, 1496 Bedford High- Atmospheric Electricity way, Bedford, NS B4A 1E5, Canada Chair: Monte Bateman, Global Hydrology & Climate Cen- William H. Jasperson, Augsburg College, 2211 Riverside ter, NASA, MS/FC, 977 Explorer Blvd., Huntsville, AL Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55454 35806

Eric Jones, Alphatech, 50 Mall Rd., Burlington, MA 01803 Brian Curran, NWS, WSFO, Ft. Worth, 3401 Northern Cross Blvd., Ft. Worth, TX 76137 Nitin Pandit, ENSYS, Inc., 3867 Zelkova Court, Fairfax, * after 25 Oct 1998: NWS, WFO, Midland, 2500 Challenger VA 22033 Dr., Midland, TX 79706

John Pickle, Atmospheric and Environmental Research, John Molinari, Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Inc., 840 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, MA 02139 ES-225, Univ. at Albany, State Univ. of New York, 1400 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222 Ronald M. Welch, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 E. St. Joseph Antony H. Perez, NWS, P.O. Box 16057, Bellemont, AZ St., Rapid City, SD 57701-3995 86015

Ex officio'. Rosemary M. Dyer, Atmospheric Sciences Di- Terry J. Schuur, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 1313 vision, OL-AA PL/GPAP, 29 Randolph Rd., RM C215, Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069 Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-3010 Maribeth Stolzenburg, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 Atmospheric Chemistry Chair: Chris Walcek, ASRC-SUNY, 251 Fuller Rd., Al- Ex officio: William H. Beasley, School of Meteorology, bany, NY 12203 Univ. of Oklahoma, 100 E. Boyd St., Rm. 1310, Norman, OK 73019 Cynthia S. Atherton, Lawrence Livermore National Labo- ratory, P.O. Box 808, L-240, Livermore, CA 94551 Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves and Stability Carl M. Berkowitz, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Chair: Lorenzo M. Polvani, Dept. of Applied Physics, S.W. Environmental & Health Sciences Division, Battelle Blvd., Mudd, Rm. 209, Columbia Univ., New York, NY 10027 P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352 Richard S. Lindzen, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Plan- Francis Binkowski, Atmospheric Science Modeling Divi- etary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rm. sion, NOAA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, MD- 54-1720, Cambridge, MA 02139 80, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Walter A. Robinson, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. Jack Fishman, Chemistry and Dynamics Branch, Atmo- of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 105 South Gregory Ave., spheric Sciences Division, Mail Stop 401 A, NASA Langley Urbana, IL 61801 Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 Chris Snyder, National Center for Atmospheric Research/ Mark Jacobson, Environmental Fluid Mechanics & Hydrol- MMM, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 ogy, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Terman Engineering Cen- ter, Rm. M-13, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA 94305-4020 LuAnne Thompson, School of Oceanography, Univ. of Washington, Box 357940, Seattle, WA 98195-7940 Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 Jeffrey S. Whitaker, Univ. of Colorado-CIRES, Campus Box 449, Boulder, CO 80309-0449 Kenneth E. Pickering, Dept. of Meteorology, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1567

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Ex officio: Christopher S. Bretherton, Univ. of Washing- Thomas H. Fahey, Northwest Airlines, Mail Stop F7050, ton, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Box 351640, Seattle, 5101 Northwest Dr., St. Paul, MN 55111 WA 98195-1640 David R. Rodenhuis, Aviation Weather Center, National Atmospheric Radiation Centers for Environmental Prediction, NWS/NO AA, Rm. 1728, Federal Building, 601 East 12th St., Kansas City, MO Chair: Brian J. Soden, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics 64106 Lab/ERL/NOAA, Princeton Univ., Forrestal Campus, U.S. Route 1, Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 Mark Surmeier, HQ AFWA/DNXT, 102 West Losey St., Scott AFB, IL 62225-5206 Bryan A. Baum, Mail Stop 420, NASA/Langley Research Center, ASD/RSB, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 William W. Vaughan, Atmospheric Science Dept., Univ. of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899 K. Franklin Evans, Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Campus Box 311, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Biometeorology and Aerobiology CO 80309-0311 Chair: C. Sue Grimmond, Climate & Meteorology Program, Qiang Fu, Dept. of Oceanography, Dalhousie Univ., Dept. of Geography, Student Bldg. 120, Indiana Univ., Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada Bloomington, IN 47405-6101

Dan Lubin, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. of Franco Biondi, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, GRD, California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA Mail Code 0215, Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0221 CA 92093-0215

V. Ramaswamy, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab/NOAA, Anthony J. Brazel, Dept. of Geography, Arizona State Princeton Univ., P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 Univ., Tempe, AZ 85287-0104

Stephen G. Warren, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. Robert E. Davis, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 of Virginia, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903

Ex officio: Thomas P. Charlock, Mail Stop 420, NASA/ Dennis M. Driscoll, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150

Aviation, Range and Aerospace Meteorology Scott A. Isard, Dept. of Geography, 220 Davenport Hall, MC-150, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 607 South Chair: David A. Sankey, FAA, Wind Shear Processors Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801 Team, AUA-460, 800 Independence Ave., SW, Washing- ton, DC 20591 (for Fedex mailings) 400 7th St. SW, Room Laurence S. Kalkstein, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of Dela- PL-100, Washington, DC 20590 ware, Newark, DE 19716-2541

Colonel Thomas C. Adang, Dept. of Aerospace Studies, William P. Lowry, P.O. Box 1264, McMinnville, OR Room 164B, Hearst Gym MC 3610, Berkeley, CA 94720- 97128-1264 3610 Timothy R. Oke, Dept. of Geography, Univ. of British Billie F. Boyd, 45 Weather Squadron/SYA, 1201 Minute- Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, man St., Patrick AFB, FL 32925-3238 Canada

Mary M. Cairns, Science and Operations Officer, National Boundary Layers and Turbulence Weather Service, 2350 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512- 3900 Chair: James B. Edson, MS#10,98 Water St., Woods Hole, MA 02543-1053 John A. Ernst, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Aeronau- tical Science Dept., 600 S. Clyde Morris Blvd., Daytona Peter Bechtold, Laboratoire D'Aerologie, Observatoire Beach, FL 32114-3900 Midi-Pyrenees, Universite Paul Sabatier, 31400 Toulouse, France

1568 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Stephen D. Burk, Local-Scale Simulations Section, Naval Stephen E. Zebiak, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA 93943-5006 Columbia Univ., Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964

Richard T. Cederwall, Lawrence Livermore National Labo- Ex officio: Peter J. Lamb, CIMMS, Univ. of Oklahoma, ratory, Atmospheric Science Div. (L-103), P.O. Box 808, Sarkeys Energy Center, Rm. 1110, 100 East Boyd St., Livermore, CA 94551-9900 Norman, OK 73019-0628

Peter G. Duynkerke, Utrecht Univ., Institute for Marine and Cloud Physics Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 80.005., 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands Chair: Jeffrey L. Stith, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of North Dakota, Box 9006, Grand Forks, ND 58202- Steven P. Oncley, National Center for Atmospheric Re- 9006 search/SSSF, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Brad Baker, Physics Dept., New Mexico Tech., Socorro, Jielun Sun, National Center for Atmospheric Research/ NM 87801 MMM, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Paul DeMott, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado Peter Taylor, Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 Univ., 4700 Keele St., North York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada Brad S. Ferrier, Mesoscale Atmospheric Processes Branch, Bjorn Stevens, Advanced Study Program, National Center Code 912, Laboratory for Atmospheres, NASA, Goddard for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 80307-3000 Dean A. Hegg, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195-1640 Climate Variations Chair: Chester F. Ropelewski, International Research In- Paul Lawson, SPEC, Inc., 5401 Western Ave., Suite B, stitute Climate Prediction, Lamont-Doherty Earth Obser- Boulder, CO 80301 vatory of Columbia Univ., 207B Oceanography, Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964-8000 Marcia Politovich, National Center for Atmospheric Re- search/RAP, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Clara Deser, CIRES, Campus Box 449, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 Robert M. Rauber, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Illinois, 105 S. Gregory St., Urbana, IL 61801-3070 Wayne Higgins, Climate Prediction Center, W/NP52, NCEP/NWS/NOAA, Science Center, Room 605,4700 Sil- Hydrology ver Hill Rd., Washington, DC 20233-9910 Chair: Eric F. Wood, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Op- Robert E. Livezey, National Centers for Environmental erations Research, E-220 Engineering Quadrangle, Prediction, NWS/NOAA, Rm. 604, 5200 Auth Rd., Camp Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544 Springs, MD 20746 Tom Carroll, National Operational Hydrologic Remote Todd Mitchell, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmo- Sensing Center, NWS, 1735 Lake Dr. West, Chanhassen, sphere and Ocean, Box 354235, Univ. of Washington, Se- MN 55317-8582 attle, WA 98195-4235 Ralph Dubayah, Dept. of Geography, 1113 LeFrak Hall, Sumant Nigam, Dept. of Meteorology, Univ. of Maryland, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Rm. 3403, Computer & Space Sciences Bldg., College Park, MD 20742-2425 David C. Goodrich, USDA-ARS, Southwest Watershed Research Center, 2000 E. Allen Rd., Tucson, AZ 85719- Alan Robock, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers 1596 Univ., New Brunswick, NJ 08901 Dennis P. Lettenmaier, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. Steve Williams, UCAR/JOSS, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO of Washington, 164 Wilcox Hall, FX-10, Seattle, WA 80307-3000 98195

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1569

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Christa D. Peters-Lidard, School of Civil and Environmen- Raymond M. Hoff, Air Quality Processes Research Divi- tal Engineering, 790 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0355 sion, Center for Atmospheric Research Experiments, R.R. #1, Egbert, ON L0L 1N0, Canada Marc Parlange, Dept. of Environmental Enginnering and Geography, 3400 N. Charles St., Johns Hopkins Univ., Donald H. Lenschow, National Center for Atmospheric Baltimore, MD 21218-2686 Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000

Dong-Jun Seo, NOAA/NWS Hydrology Research Lab, W/ Geary K. Schwemmer, Code 912, NASA/Goddard Space OH3,1325 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771

Pedro Viterbo, ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading, Berk- Jeffrey P. Thayer, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., shire, RG2 9AX, United Kingdom Menlo Park, CA 94025

Interaction of the Sea and Atmosphere Ex officio: Wynn L. Eberhard, Environmental Research Laboratories/NOAA, R/E/ET2, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Chair: Richard W. Reynolds, NOAA/NWS, National Cen- CO 80303-3328 ters for Environmental Prediction, Climate Modeling Branch, W/NP24, 52 Auth Rd., Rm. 807, Camp Springs, Measurements MD 20746 Chair: Gennaro (Jerry) H. Crescenti, U.S. Dept. of Com- David M. Legler, Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Predic- merce, NOAA, Air Resources Laboratory Field Research tion Studies,The Florida State Univ., 2035 E. Dirac Dr., Division, 1750 Foote Dr., Idaho Falls, ID 83402 Suite-200, Johnson Bldg., Tallahassee, FL 32306-2840 Robert A. Baxter, CCM, 26106 Alejandro Dr., Valencia, Gary S. E. Lagerloef, Earth and Space Research, 1910 CA 91355 Fairview Ave., E, Suite 102, Seattle, WA 98102 Harold L. Cole, Surface and Sounding Systems Facility, G. W. K. Moore, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Toronto, 60 St. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric George St., Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada Technology Division, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307- 3000 Rebecca Schudlich, School of Oceanography, Box 357940, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7940 William P. Elliott, NOAA/Air Resources Laboratory, 1315 East-West Hwy., SSMC3/Rm. 3151, Silver Spring, MD Arlindo da Silva, Jr., Data Assimilation Office, NASA/ 20910 GSFC, Code 910.3, Greenbelt, MD 20771 Joseph J. Michalsky, ASRC-SUNY Albany, 100 Fuller Rd., Xubin Zeng, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, The Univ. of Albany, NY 12205 Arizona, PAS Bldg. #81, Tucson, AZ 85721 Matthew J. Parker, CCM, Westinghouse Savannah River Ex officio: David Halpern, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MS Company, Savannah River Technology Center, Bldg. 735- 300-323, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 7A, Aiken, SC 29808 91109-8099 Scott J. Richardson, Oklahoma Climatological Survey, Laser Atmospheric Studies Univ. of Oklahoma, 100 E. Boyd, Suite 1210, Norman, OK 73019 Chair: Kenneth Sassen, Meteorology Dept., The Univ. of Utah, 135 S. 1460 E, Rm. 819, Salt Lake City, UT 84112- Capt. Kenneth L. Van Sickle, Division of Atmospheric 0110 Sciences, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Blvd., Rm. 775, Arlington, VA 22230 Albert Ansmann, Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany William J. Shaw, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA Richard A. Ferrare, Chemistry and Dynamics Branch, 99352 NASA, Langley Research Center, MS 401 A, Bldg. 1250/ Rm. 132A, Hampton, VA 23681-0001

1570 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Ex officio: Marvin L. Wesely, Argonne National Labora- S. T. Rao, Office of Science and Technology, New York tory, Bldg. 203, Rm. 1143, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, State Dept. of Environmental Conservation, 50 Wolf Rd., IL 60439 Rm. 198, Albany, NY 12233-3259

Lloyd L. Schulman, CCM, EARTH TECH, 196 Baker Ave., Mesoscale Processes Concord, MA 01742 Chair: Clifford F. Mass, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Washington, Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 Akula Venkatram, College of Engineering, Univ. of Cali- fornia, Riverside, Bourns Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 Craig H. Bishop, Dept. of Meteorology, The Pennsylvania State Univ., 503 Walker Bldg., University Park, PA 16802 Ex officio: Robert J. Paine, ENSR, 35 Nagog Park, Acton, MA 01720 James D. Doyle, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Hop- per Ave., Monterey, CA 93943-5502 Meteorology and Oceanography of the Coastal Zone John W. Nielsen-Gammon, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 Chair: Christopher N. K. Mooers, Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science, Univ. of Miami, Ocean David Stensrud, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 1313 Pollution Research Center, MSC132, 4600 Rickenbacker Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069 Causeway, Miami, FL 33149-1098

Wei-Kuo Tao, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Me- Frank Aikman, NO A A/National Ocean Service, N/CS13, soscale Atmospheric Processes Branch, Code 912, Rm. 7821, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD Greenbelt, MD 20771 20910-3282

Steven Zubrick, NOAA/NWS, 44087 Weather Service Rd., Warren Blier, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Sterling, VA 20166 California, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1565

Ex officio: Christopher A. Davis, National Center for At- Nicholas A. Bond, NOAA/PMEL/JISAO, 7600 Sand Point mospheric Research/MMM, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO Way, NE, Seattle, WA 98115 80307-3000 Lawrence C. Breaker, Ocean Products Center, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, NWS/NOAA, 5200 Meteorological Aspects of Air Pollution Auth Rd., Rm. 209, Camp Springs, MD 20748 Chair: Jeffrey C. Weil, CIRES, Univ. of Colorado, CB 216, Boulder, CO 80309 Michael Clancy, Code 400A, Models and Data Dept., Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center, 7 Grace Brent M. Bowen, CCM, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Hopper Ave., Stop 1, Monterey, CA 93943-5501 ARAC Group, L-103, P.O. Box 103, Livermore, CA 94551 Marshall Earle, Neptune Sciences, Inc., 11341 Sunset Hills Jerry D. Hill, Bechtel Corporation, P.O. Box 2166, Hous- Rd., Reston, VA 20190-5205 ton, TX 77252-2166 Andrew Edman, Scientific Services Division, Western Re- John S. Irwin, Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Division, gion Headquarters, 125 South State St., Rm. 1210, Salt Lake U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Drop 14, Re- City, UT 84138 search Triangle Park, NC 27711 Ted Fathauer, National Weather Service Forecast Office, Robert J. Kurzeja, Savannah River Technology Center, P.O. Box 80210, Fairbanks, AK 99708 Bldg. 773-A, Aiken, SC 29808 Scott M. Glenn, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Robert L. Miller, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Martin 71 Dudley Rd., Cook Campus, Rutgers Univ., New Marietta Energy Systems, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN Brunswick, NJ 08903-8521 37831-6200 John M. Harding, Naval Research Laboratory-MC 7320, Bldg. 1007, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1571

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Richard Hodur, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Hop- Linnea M. Avallone, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space per Ave., Box 2, Monterey, CA 93943-5502 Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Campus Box 590, Boulder, CO 80309-0590 Jeffrey D. Paduan, Naval Postgraduate School, Code OC/PD, Rm. 328,833 Dyer Rd., Monterey, CA 93943-5000 Gloria Manney, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Mail Stop 183- 701, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109 Roger A. Pielke, Sr., Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Colo- rado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 Kenneth Minschwaner, Dept. of Physics, New Mexico In- stitute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM 87801 Paul Ruscher, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306-3034 Lori M. Perliski, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton Univ., Forrestal Campus, U.S. Route 1, P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 Meteorology and Oceanography of the Southern Hemisphere R. Bradley Pierce, NASA, Langley Research Center, Mail Chair: Kingste Mo, Climate Prediction Center, National Stop 401B, Hampton, VA 23681-0001 Centers for Environmental Prediction, NWS/NOAA, W/NP52,4700 Silver Hill Rd., Stop 9910, Washington, DC Paul A. Newman, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics 20233-9910 Branch, Code 916, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 Patricio Aceituno, Dept. of Geophysics, Universidad de Chili, Casilla 2777, Blanco Encalada 2085, Santiago, Chili Mountain Meteorology Robert J. Allan, Climate Impact Group, CSIRO Division Chair: James M. Wilczak, Environmental Technology of Atmospheric Research, PMB1, Aspendale, Victoria Laboratory, NOAA, R/E/ET7,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 3195, Australia 80303

Pedro L. Silva Dias, Departamento de Ciencias Roger G. Barry, CIRES/WDC, Univ. of Colorado, Campus Atmosfericas, Instituto Astronomico e Geofisico/USP, Box 449, Boulder, CO 80309 Caixa Postal 9638 01065-970 Sao Paulo SP, Brazil Keeley Costigan, Los Alamos National Lab, EES-8, Mail George N. Kiladis, Aeronomy Laboratory, NOAA, Stop D401, Los Alamos, NM 87545 R/E/AL3, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 Jerome D. Fast, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, William G. Large, Oceanography Section, National Center P.O. Box 999, MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80303 Vanda Grubisi, National Center for Atmospheric Research, MMM, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Johann van Heerden, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, Republic of South Africa Louisa Bogar Nance, NOAA/ERL/ETL, R/E/ET7, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 Ex officio: Dayton G. Vincent, Dept. of Earth and Atmo- spheric Sciences, 1397 Civil Engineering Bldg., Purdue Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907-1397 Chair: Bernard A. Silverman, 7038 East Peakview Place, Englewood, CO 80111 Middle Atmosphere Chair: Kenneth P. Bowman, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas Roelof Bruintjes, National Center for Atmospheric Re- A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-3150 search/RAP, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80301-3000

M. Joan Alexander, Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. of Wash- Robert R. Czys, Illinois State Water Survey, Atmospheric ington, Box 351640, Seattle WA 98195-1640 Science Division, 2204 Griffith Dr., Champaign, IL 61820- 7495

1572 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Cedric A. Grainger, Dept. of Atmospheric Sciences, Univ. Peter Guttorp, Dept. of Statistics, Box 354322, Univ. of of North Dakota, Clifford Hall, Grand Forks, ND 58202 Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-4322

Terry W. Krauss, Weather Modification, Inc., P.O. Box Roman Krzysztofowicz, Dept. of Systems Engineering, 27177, Red Deer, AB T4N 6X8, Canada Thorton Hall, SE, Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 Roland List, FRSC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada Douglas Nychka, Geophysical Statistic Project, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Daniel Rosenfeld, Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew CO 80307 Univ., Jerusalem 91904, Israel R. Gary Rasmussen, P.O. Box 1013, Londonderry, NH William L. Woodley, Woodley Weather Consultants, 11 03053-1013 White Fir Ct., Littleton, CO 80127 Michael B. Richman, School of Meteorology, Univ. of Melanie Wetzel, Atmospheric Sciences Center, Desert Re- Oklahoma, 1310 Sarkeys Energy Center, 100 E. Boyd St., search Institute, P.O. Box 60220, Reno, NV 89506 Norman, OK 73019-0626

Dennis Shea, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Polar Meteorology and Oceanography Climate & Global Dynamics Div., P.O. Box 3000, Boul- Chair: David A. Robinson, Dept. of Geography, Rutgers der, CO 80307-3000 Univ., 54 Joyce Kilmer Ave., Piscataway, NJ 08854 Daniel S. Wilks, Dept. of Soil, Crop, and Atmospheric Sci- Jennifer Miletta Adams, NOAA Pacific Marine Environ- ences, 1113 Bradfield Hall, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY mental Laboratory, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE, Seattle, WA 14853 98115 Radar Meteorology Jennifer A. Francis, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sci- ences, Rutgers Univ., P.O. Box 231, Cook Campus, New Chair: Paul I. Joe, Atmospheric Environment Service, 4905 Brunswick, NJ 08903-0231 Dufferin St., Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada

Jeffrey R. Key, Dept. of Geography, Boston Univ., 675 Timothy Crum, NWS, Instructional Resources Section, Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215 OSF Operations Support Facility, 1200 Westheimer Dr., Norman, OK 73069 Mark C. Serreze, CIRES, Campus Box 449, Univ. of Colo- rado, Boulder, CO 80309 Frederic Fabry, J. S. Marshall Radar Observatory, McGill Univ., P.O. Box 198, McDonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Wieslaw Maslowski, Dept. of Oceanography, Naval Post- Bellevue, QC H9X-3V9, Canada graduate School, 833 Dyer Rd., Rm. 331, Monterey, CA 93943 Peter H. Hildebrand, National Center for Atmospheric Re- search, Remote Sensing Facility, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Robin D. Muench, Earth & Space Research, 1910 Fairview CO 80307-3000 E., #102, Seattle, WA 98102-3620 Cynthia Mueller, Research Applications Program, National Von P. Walden, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Space Cen- Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, ter and Engineering Center, 1225 West Dayton St., Madi- CO 80307-3000 son, WI53706 F. Martin Ralph, NOAA/ERL/ETL, Meteorological Appli- cations and Assessment Division, Mail Code R/E/ET7,325 Probability and Statistics Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 Chair: Barbara G. Brown, Research Applications Program, National Center for Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 3000, Stephen A. Rutledge, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Colo- Boulder, CO 80307 rado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1573

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Matthias Steiner, Dept. of Civil Engineering and Opera- Severe Local Storms tions Research, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544 Chair: Stephen F. Corfidi, National Centers for Environ- mental Prediction, NOAA, Storm Prediction Center, 1313 Robert Saffle, NOAA/NWS, Rm. 12152, 1325 East-West Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73069 Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 David L. Andra, Jr., NWS/SOO, 1200 Westheimer Dr., Rm. Ex officio: Nancy Westcott, Atmospheric Science Division, 101, Norman, OK 73069 Illinois State Water Survey, 2204 Griffith Dr., Champaign, IL 61802-7495 Henry Fuelberg, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306-4520 Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography Bruce D. Lee, Dept. of Earth Science, Univ. of Northern Chair: Gary J. Jedlovec, NASA, MSFC, Global Hydrology Colorado, 501 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639 and Climate Center, 977 Explorer Blvd., Huntsville, AL 35806 James T. Moore, Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, St. Louis Univ., 3507 Laclede Ave., St. Louis, MO 63103- Robert L. Bernstein, Sea Space Corporation, 9420 Trade 2010 Place, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92126 Erik Rasmussen, National Severe Storms Laboratory, Marie Colton, ONR, Code 321SR, 800 N. Quincy St., N/C/MRD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 Arlington, VA 22217 Dennis Smith, The Weather Channel, 2600 Cumberland Tracy L. DeLiberty, Dept. of Geography, 216 Pearson Hall, Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30339 Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 Morris Weisman, National Center for Atmospheric Re- Ralph Ferraro, NOAA/NESDIS/ORA, Microwave Sensing search, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Group, 5200 Auth Rd., Rm. 601Q, Camp Springs, MD 20746 Ray Wolf, NWS, NOAA, CASC, 9050 Harrison St., Davenport, IA 52806 Jeffrey D. Hawkins, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Hopper Ave., Monterey, CA 93943 Tropical Meteorology and Tropical Cyclones Ronald G. Isaacs, Atmospheric and Environmental Re- Chair: Jenni L. Evans, Dept. of Meteorology and Earth search Inc, 840 Memorial Dr., Cambridge, MA 02139 System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State Univ., 503 Walker Bldg., University Park, PA 16802-5013 David B. Johnson, National Center for Atmospheric Re- search, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 Morris Bender, GFDL/NOAA, Princeton Univ., Forrestal Campus, P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ 08542-0308 Jeffrey A. Lerner, Global Hydrology and Climate Center, NASA, 977 Explorer Blvd., Huntsville, AL 35806 Thomas Keenan, Bureau of Meteorology, 150 Lonsdale St., 13th Floor, GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Masato Murakami, Office of Planning, Meteorological Australia Research Institute, 1-1 Magamine, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305, JAPAN T. N. Krishnamurti, Dept. of Meteorology, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306-4520 Johannes Schmetz, Meteorological Division, EUMETS AT, Am Kavalleriesand 31, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany Christopher W. Landsea, NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Re- search Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL Christopher S. Velden, Univ. of Wisconsin-SSEC, 1225 33149 West Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706 Michael T. Montgomery, Dept. of Atmospheric Science, Ex officio: Thomas F. Lee, Dept. of the Navy, Naval Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371 Oceanographic and Atmospheric Research Lab., 7 Grace Hopper Ave., Monterey, CA 93943-5006

1574 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Richard Pasch, Tropical Prediction Center, National Hur- EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES ricane Center, 11691 S.W. 17th St., Miami, FL 33165-2149 COMMISSION

David J. Raymond, Physics Dept., New Mexico Tech., Chair: John T. Snow, Office Socorro, NM 87801 of the Dean, College of Geo- sciences, The Univ. of Okla- Richard Seager, Dept. of Oceanography, Lamont-Doherty homa, Sarkeys Energy Cen- Earth Observatory of Columbia Univ., P.O. Box 1000, RT ter, Rm. 710,100 East Boyd 9W, Palisades, NY 10964-8000 St., Norman, OK 73019- 0628 Weather Analysis and Forecasting Members: Chairmen of the Chair: Norman W. Junker, NOAA/NWS/NCEP, Hy- constituent Boards drometeorological Prediction Center, 5200 Auth Rd., Rm. 410, Camp Springs, MD 20746

Roberto Buizza, European Centre for Medium-Range John T. Snow Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AZ, United Kingdom Board of Meteorological and Oceanographic Education in Universities William Burnett, Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command, 1020 Balch Blvd., Stennis Space Center, MS Chair: Julie A. Winkler, Dept. of Geography, Michigan 39529-5005 State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824-1115

Richard E. Carbone, National Center for Atmospheric Re- Lisa M. Bastiaans, Dept. of Physical Sciences, Nassau Com- search/MMM, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307-3000 munity College, Garden City, NY 11530-6793

Kermit Keeter, National Weather Service Forecast Office, Gregory Byrd, UCAR COMET, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, Centennial Campus, North Carolina State Univ., Research CO 80307 Bldg. Ill, Suite 300, 1005 Capability Dr., Raleigh, NC 27606 Frederick H. Carr, School of Meteorology, The Univ. of Oklahoma, 100 East Boyd St., Suite 1310, Norman, OK Steven E. Koch, Dept. of Marine Earth & Atmospheric Sci- 73019-0628 ences, North Carolina State Univ., Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 Paul Croft, Dept. of Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State Univ., P.O. Box 17660, Jackson, MS 39217- Stephen J. Lord, National Centers for Environmental Pre- 0460 diction, World Weather Bldg., Rm. 204, 5200 Auth Rd., Camp Springs, MD 20746 Richard D. Clark, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Millersville Univ. of Pennsylvania, P.O. Box 1002, Millersville, PA Mary Jo Parker, NOAA, National Weather Service, Ohio 17551-0302 River Forecast Center, 1901 S. State, Rte. 134, Wilmington, OH 45177 Stan Q. Kidder, Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA)-Foothills Campus, Colorado State Paul J. Roebber, Dept. of Geosciences, Univ. of Wiscon- Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523-1375 sin-Milwaukee, Lapham Hall 366,3209 N. Maryland Ave., Milwaukee, WI53211 Leonard J. Pietrafesa, Dept. of Marine, Earth and Atmo- spheric Science, North Carolina State Univ., P.O. Box 8208, Steven M. Tracton, National Centers for Environmental 1125 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-8208 Prediction, W/NP2, 5200 Auth Rd., Rm. 101, Camp Springs, MD 20746 David R. Smith, Dept. of Oceanography, U.S. Naval Acad- emy, 572 Holloway Rd., Annapolis, MD 21402

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1575

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC Donna F. Tucker, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ. Committee of Judges for Undergraduate Awards of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-2151 Chair: Michael I. Biggerstaff, Dept. of Meteorology, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX 77843-4466 Benjamin Watkins, Satellite Services Division, NOAA/ NESDIS, 5200 Auth Rd., Rm. 607, E/SP2, Camp Springs, Steven Koch, Dept. of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sci- MD 20233 ences, North Carolina State Univ., P.O. Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27611 Board of School and Popular Meteorological and Oceanographic Education Donald J. Perkey, Institute for Global Change Research and Education, 977 Explorer Boulevard, Huntsville, AL 35806 Chair: Kevin A. Kloesel, Dept. of Meteorology, B-161, The Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306-3034 Susan F. Zevin, NOAA/NESDIS, Code E, 4700 Silver Hill Rd., Stop 9909, Washington, DC 29233-9909 Marianne Ceritelli, 1860 Wythe St., Worthington, OH 43235 Board of Women and Minorities Paul Croft, Dept. of Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Chair: J. Marshall Shepherd, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Jackson State Univ., P.O. Box 1760, Jackson, MS 39217- Center, Code 912, Greenbelt, MD 20771 0460 Sim Aberson, NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division, Don Curry, 8207 Burnt Sienna, Las Vegas, NV 89123 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 Thomas P. Kelly, 3385 Oconto Court, SW, Grandville, MI Betsy Abrams, The Weather Channel, 2600 Cumberland 49418 Parkway, Atlanta, GA 30339 Roberta A. Marshmen, KRQE-TV, Ch. 13, 13 Broadcast Tina Johnson-Cartwright, Dept. of Meteorology, The Plaza, Albuquerque, NM 87104 Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL 32306 Renee A. McPherson, Oklahoma Climate Survey, 100 E. John Cortinas, Jr., NOAA, National Severe Storms Labo- Boyd St., Suite 1210, Norman, OK 73019 ratory, 1313 Halley Circle, Norman, OK 73609 Joseph M. Moran, College of Environmental Sciences, Esther McKay, 5231 Cabin Lake Dr., San Antonio, TX Univ. of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI 54311-7001 78244 Jo Ann Mulvany, Godwin High School, 2101 Pump Rd., Mishelle Michaels, WHDH-TV, 7 Bulfinch Place, Boston, Richmond, VA 23233 MA 02114 Patricia A. Phoebus, Naval Research Laboratory, 7 Grace Vernon Morris, Howard Univ., Dept. of Chemistry, Wash- Hopper Ave., Box 2, Monterey, CA 93943-5520 ington, DC 20059 Barry A. Richwien, Dept. of Meteorology, Lyndon State Kathleen A. Murphy, 4107 Victoria, House Springs, MS College, Lyndonville, VT 05851 63051 Henry W. Robinson, National Weather Service, Office of Steven J. Richards, Northeast Bronx Science Center, Rm. Meteorology, 1325 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 220, 750 Baychester Ave., Bronx, NY 10475 20910-3283 Thomas A. Schroeder, Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Dept. of Nancy Songer, Kids as Global Scientists, School of Edu- Meteorology, 2525 Correa Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822 cation, CB 249, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309

Jon W. Zeitler, NOAA/NWS, 300 East Signal Dr., Rapid City, SD 57702

1576 Vol. 79, No. 8, August 1998

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 10/10/21 08:50 PM UTC PUNNING COMMISSION Chair: Charles L. Hosier, Dept. of Meteorology, 617 Contributions and Bequests Walker Bldg., The Pennsyl- to the Society vania State Univ., Univer- sity Park, PA 16802 Since its establishment in 1919, the American Donald R. Johnson, Space Meteorological Society has benefited from the Science Engineering Center, generosity of individuals and firms who have Univ. of Wisconsin-Madi- made contributions and bequests to the Society. son, 1225 West Dayton St., Resources have been made available for schol- Madison, WI53706 arships, for awards in recognition of outstanding contributions to the atmospheric and related sciences, and for general support of the Society's James R. Mahoney, Interna- Charles L. Hosier tional Technology Corp., scientific and educational programs. Some schol- 1575 I St., NW, Suite 425, arships and awards have taken the form of memo- Washington, DC 20005 rials of deceased members. The Society encourages gifts and bequests. Do- Soorosh Sorooshian, Dept. of Hydrology and Water Re- nors may designate the purpose for which a con- sources, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85712 tribution is made, subject to the approval of the Council. Robert T. Ryan, WRC-TV, NBC Television, 4001 Nebraska There are several ways of giving to the Soci- Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20016 ety. The most frequent and simple way is a direct gift of cash or securities. A donor wishing to make Paul D. Try, International GEWEX Project Office, 1100 a bequest is encouraged to consult an attorney. Wayne Ave., Suite 1210, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Gifts to the Society are deductible for the purpose of calculating income and estate taxes to the ex- tent provided in those laws for gifts and bequests to tax-exempt organizations. Inquiries concerning contributions and bequests should be directed to: Richard E. Hallgren, Executive Director, AMS, 45 Beacon St., Boston, fx MA 02108-3693. y \

corrigendum

In the letter to the editor "Comments on Cloud Seeding" by Kessler, published in the July issue of the Bulletin, the author regrets the presence of two errors. In section 3b, the period 1982-96 should have been stated as 1981-96. In section 4, there is a entence "Ironically, 1997 was the driest year at Oklahoma City since 1980." This is not true. In 1997, total precipitation was 33.09 in. It was drier in both 1988 (31.91 in.) and 1994 (29.10 in.), as well as in 1980 (24.35 in.).

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 1577

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