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Indian (IPL) is a tournament where different franchise teams participate for the title. The tournament started in 2008 and from then it usually takes place every year in the months of April – June. The recent was the IPL-7 held this year (2014). It is currently supervised by BCCI Vice-President , who serves as the League's chairman and Commissioner.[1] has been the IPL chief operating officer (COO) since its first , after he was appointed by former IPL Commissioner in 2008.[2]

IPL is the most-watched Twenty20 cricket league in the world and also known for its commercial success. During the sixth IPL season (2013) its brand value was estimated to be around US$3.03 billion.[3][4] Live rights to the event are syndicated around the globe, and in 2010, the IPL became the first sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube.[5] It is currently sponsored by Pepsi and thus officially known as the Pepsi .[6]

Of the 11 teams to have competed since the inception of the Premier League in 2008, five have won the title: Knight Riders (2), Super Kings (2), Royals (1), (1), and Indians (1). The current champions are , who won the title in the 2014 season. Currently there are eight teams.

History[edit]

IPL was inaugurated in 2008. During the same period Zee "" was operational. It was an enormous success. The annual tournament, played mostly in Indian summer has gone from strength to strength and is largely viewed as being the 'richest' tournament in world cricket.

Until 2012, the Indian Premier League was sponsored by DLF after they paid $50 million for the five-year sponsorship. Pepsi took the contract for the 2013 IPL after paying close to $72 million for the 5-year contract.[7] In 2008, Sony paid $1 billion for the broadcasting rights over a ten-year period. The IPL is watched across the world and in 2010 made history by becoming the first sporting event to be broadcast live on YouTube.

IPL Committees -

Code of Behaviour Committee - Sanjay Patel, Ranjib Biswal, Amitabh Chaudhary, , Arindam Ganguly

Technical Committee - Sanjay Patel, Anurag Thakur, Ravi Shastri, Ranjib Biswal, GR Vishwanath

Entertainment Committee - Anirudh Chaudhry, Ranjib Biswal, Anurag Thakur, Chetan Desai

Suspect Action Committee - Sanjay Patel, AV Jayaprakash, Javagal Srinath, S Venkataraghavan Governing Council (All office bearers of BCCI + Chairman and Finance Committee) - Ranjib Biswal, TC Mathew, Amitabh Choudhary, Chetan Desai, Nilay Dutta, Subir Ganguly, Ravi Shastri, GR Vishwanath, Arindam Ganguly, C K Khanna

List of approved IPL venues across - , , Ferozeshah Kotla, JSCA International Cricket Stadium, M. A. Chidambaram Stadium, M. Chinnaswamy Stadium, Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Rajiv Gandhi Cricket Stadium, Sardar Patel Stadium, First season[edit] Main article: 2008 Indian Premier League

This IPL was sponsored by DLF. The inaugural season of the tournament took place from 18 April – 1 June 2008. The group stages featured eight teams playing against each other twice on home and once away basis, with the top four progressing to the semi-finals.

The final was played in DY Patil Stadium, Nerul, . The first winner of the tournament was , who beat in a match that went down to the last ball. Rajasthan's was named player of the tournament. Second season[edit] Main article: 2009 Indian Premier League

The 2009 Indian Premier League season, also known as IPL 2, was hosted in because of the General elections in India and was played for 37 days from 18 April – 24 May 2009. Deccan Chargers beat Royal Challengers in the final to take the title. (these two were placed 8th and 7th respectively in the standings of previous season). Third season[edit] Main article: 2010 Indian Premier League

The third season returned to India and it was the first IPL tournament that was broadcast live on YouTube. The final four matches of the tournament were screened in 3D across theatres in India.Chennai Super Kings defeated in the finals to win their first title. Fourth season: Debut of the and teams[edit] Main articles: 2011 Indian Premier League and List of 2011 Indian Premier League personnel changes

In 2011, two new teams, Pune India (PWI) from Pune and Kochi Tuskers (KTK) from Kochi made their debut in IPL 4. However, the bid around the Kochi franchise turned controversial resulting in the resignation of minister, from the Central Government. Later Lalit Modi was also removed from IPL chairmanship by BCCI. On 5 December 2010, it was confirmed that Kochi will take part in the fourth season of IPL.[8] The addition of teams representing Sahara's and the have increased the number of franchises from 8 to 10. The format was changed where each team would play 5 other teams in a home-away format. Of the remaining, a team would play 2 at home and 2 away matches. Thus each team played 14 matches.

Chennai Super Kings won their second consecutive title after defeating Royal Challengers Bangalore by 58 runs in the final.[9]

Kochi Tuskers Kerala dissolved in this IPL season. Fifth season[edit] Main articles: 2012 Indian Premier League and List of 2012 Indian Premier League personnel changes

The fifth season featured nine teams after the termination of the Kochi franchise. The players was held on 4 February 2012. Maximum number of players in each squad was increased from 30 to 33. A total of 76 matches were played from 4 April to 27 May.[10] Daredevils, Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings qualified for the playoffs. The final was hosted by Chennai on 27 May, where the Chennai Super Kings played against Kolkata Knight Riders. Kolkata Knight Riders won the match by 5 .

This edition of the IPL was the most competitive with 14 matches producing results in the very last over, and a couple in the last ball.[11][12] Towards the end of the league, it encountered many hurdles including a spot fixing case, which allegedly included five players caught on a sting operation carried by a news channel.[13][14] Sixth season: Pepsi replacing DLF as title sponsor and PWI dissolving[edit] Main articles: 2013 Indian Premier League and List of 2013 Indian Premier League personnel changes

Pepsi replaced DLF as the title sponsor.[7] Nine teams have participated in the sixth season. The sixth season took place from 3 April – 26 May 2013. Deccan Chargers franchise was terminated by the IPL governing council which was later replaced by Sunrisers owned by Sun Group.

Chennai Super Kings, Mumbai Indians, Rajasthan Royals and were the four teams in the league stage to qualify for the playoffs. Rajasthan Royals defeated Sunrisers Hyderabad by 4 wickets in the eliminator played at in .[15] Mumbai Indians defeated Rajasthan Royals in the second qualifier and faced Chennai Super Kings in the Final. Mumbai Indians defeated Chennai Super Kings by 23 runs for their first title win. Shane Watson was named man of the tournament.

PWI dissolved on the same day. Seventh season[edit] Main articles: 2014 Indian Premier League and List of 2014 Indian Premier League personnel changes

The league started from 16 April – 1 June 2014 and was hosted by both UAE & India. There are eight teams participating in 2014 Indian Premier League as Pune Warriors India was terminated. The auction of players for the seventh season of IPL took place on 13 and 15 February 2014 in Bangalore. For the second time after 2011 IPL teams were allowed to retain up to 5 players. 7 teams retained at least 2 players from the previous squad. After hosting the first part in the United Arab , the seventh edition of Indian Premier League returned to India on 2 May. Based on security demands for the 2014 Lok Sabha Elections the venues for some matches were shifted outside India. Kings XI Punjab, Kolkata Knight Riders, Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians were the four teams that made it to the playoffs. Kolkata Knight Riders defeated Kings XI Punjab by 28 runs in first qualifier to reach the final. Chennai Super Kings faced Kings XI Punjab in the second qualifier after defeating Mumbai Indians by 7 wickets in the eliminator, Kings XI Punjab defeated them by 24 runs to reach the finals.[16] In the finals held on 1 June,Kolkata Knight Riders beat Kings XI Punjab by 3 wickets, to become the winner of IPL 2014. This was the second IPL they have won.Orange cap was won by Kolkata Knight Riders's & Purple cap was won by Chennai Super King's . was named Man of the Tournament. This IPL also ended the fact that the winner of the orange cap has never been in the side winning the tournament [17][18]

League organisation[edit] Franchises[edit]

The winning bidders for the eight franchises (or clubs) were announced on 24 January 2008.[19] While the total base price for auction was US$400 million, the auction fetched US$723.59 million.[20]Chennai Super Kings, Delhi Daredevils, Kings XI Punjab, Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians, Rajasthan Royals, Royal Challengers Bangalore and Deccan Chargers were the founding clubs of the new professional league.

On 21 March 2010, teams from Pune (Pune Warriors India) and Kochi (Kochi Tuskers Kerala) were unveiled as the two new clubs for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. The base price was $225 million. While Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370 million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million.[21] The second franchise auction fetched total $703 million.

The rights to the new Hyderabad franchise were awarded to the Sun TV Network in October 2012.[22]

Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians Royal Challengers Bangalore Delhi Daredevils Kings XI Punjab Rajasthan Royals Kolkata Knight Riders Sunrisers Hyderabad Locations of cities having a current IPL club

Pune Warriors India Kochi Tuskers Kerala Locations of cities which used to have IPL club

Club name City Owner(s) Head coach* Home ground

Current Teams

Chennai Super Kings Chennai N. Srinivasan () MS Dhoni M. A. Chidambaram Stadium

Chennai, ,

JSCA International Cricket Stadium,

Feroz Shah Kotla

Delhi Daredevils New Delhi Grandhi Mallikarjuna Rao (GMR) New Delhi,Delhi (PZNZ Media), PCA Stadium

Kings XI Punjab (), George Bailey (Dabur),The Oberoi Group Mohali, Punjab

Shahrukh Khan (Red Chillies Entertainment) Eden Gardens

Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata , (Mehta Group) Kolkata, Wankhede Stadium Mumbai, (Reliance Group)

Mumbai Indians Mumbai John Wright Teesta Retail Mumbai, Maharashtra DY Patil Stadium Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra

Lachlan Murdoch (Emerging Media) Sardar Patel Stadium

Rajasthan Royals Shane Watson , Raj Kundra (UK Tradecorp Ltd) , M. Chinnaswamy Stadium

Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Mallya (UB Group) Bengaluru, Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium

Sunrisers Hyderabad Hyderabad Kalanidhi Maran (Sun Group) Darren Sammy Hyderabad, Defunct Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi,

Kochi Tuskers Kerala Kochi Kochi Cricket Private Ltd

Holkar Cricket Stadium,

Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium

Deccan Chargers Hyderabad Holdings Limited Hyderabad,

Pune Warriors India Pune Sahara Adventure Sports India Subrata Roy Sahara Stadium, Pune

Tournament rules[edit]

There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player: In the annual auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, through trading, and signing replacements.[23][24] In the trading window, the player can only be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the difference between the old contract price and the new contract price. If the new contract is worth more than the older one, then the difference will be shared between the player and the franchise selling the player.[25][26]

Some of the team composition rules are:

 A minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physiotherapist and a coach.

 No more than 11 foreign players in the squad and maximum of four foreign players should be in the playing eleven.

 A minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad.

 A minimum of six players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each squad.

IPL games utilise television timeouts, hence there is no time limit for teams to complete their . However, there may be a penalty if the umpires find teams misusing this privilege at their own choice. Additionally, each team is given a two-and-a-half-minute "strategic timeout" during each innings; one must be taken by the bowling team between the 6th to 10th overs, and the team between the 11th to 16th overs.[27]

The total spending cap for a franchise in the first player auction was US$5 million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual salary of US$20,000 while for others it is US$50,000.

CODE OF CONDUCT - Umpires

1.1 Umpires shall not make or cause to be made any public pronouncement or media comment which is detrimental to:

(a) the game of cricket in general; or

(b) any particular Match between Teams in which any such is involved; or

(c) the League; or

(d) the BCCI; or

(e) relations between BCCI and any Team and/or Franchisee.

1.2 Umpires shall not disclose or comment upon any alleged breach of this Code of Conduct or the Code of Conduct for Players and Team Officials or any hearing, report or decision arising from any such alleged breach unless such disclosure is required under the provisions of this Code of Conduct or the Code of Conduct for Players and Team Officials.

1.3 Umpires shall not engage, directly or indirectly, in betting or any conduct described in the Appendix.

1.4 Umpires shall not use or in any way be concerned in the use or distribution of illegal drugs.

1.5 Umpires shall at all times observe and comply with the provisions of any regulation of BCCI which applies to Umpires in the League including but not limited to the Operational Rules.

1.6 Umpires shall not engage in any conduct which is prejudicial to the interests of the game of cricket and/or the League.

Teams' performances[edit]

Main article: List of Indian Premier League records and statistics

Team 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Chennai Super Kings R 4th W W R R 3rd Team 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Delhi Daredevils 4th 3rd 5th 10th 3rd 9th 8th

Kings XI Punjab 3rd 5th 8th 5th 6th 6th R

Kolkata Knight Riders 6th 8th 6th 4th W 7th W

Mumbai Indians 5th 7th R 3rd 4th W 4th

Rajasthan Royals W 6th 7th 6th 7th 3rd 5th

Royal Challengers Bangalore 7th R 3rd R 5th 5th 7th

Sunrisers Hyderabad DNP DNP DNP DNP DNP 4th 6th

Deccan Chargers 8th W 4th 7th 8th DNP DNP

Pune Warriors India DNP DNP DNP 9th 9th 8th DNP

Kochi Tuskers Kerala DNP DNP DNP 8th DNP DNP DNP

Notes:

 W = Winner; R = Runner-up; = Semifinalist; DNP = Did not participate; TBD = To be decided Titles and performance[edit]

Team Span Titles Best performance

Chennai Super Kings 2008–2014 2 Champions (2010, 2011) Kolkata Knight Riders 2008–2014 2 Champions (2012, 2014)

Mumbai Indians 2008–2014 1 Champions (2013)

Rajasthan Royals 2008–2014 1 Champions (2008)

Royal Challengers Bangalore 2008–2014 0 Runner – Up (2009, 2011)

Delhi Daredevils 2008–2014 0 Semi-finals (2009)

Kings XI Punjab 2008–2014 0 Runner - Up (2014)

Sunrisers Hyderabad 2013–2014 0 Playoffs Eliminator(2013)

Deccan Chargers 2008–2012 1 Champions (2009)

Pune Warriors India 2011–2013 0 8th Place (2013)

Kochi Tuskers Kerala 2011-2011 0 8th Place (2011)

 = Defunct Teams (no longer exists or play twenty20)

Source: Cricinfo[28] Tournament summary[edit]

No. of Season Champions Runners-up Semi-finalists teams

Rajasthan Chennai Super Delhi

2008 Kings XI Punjab 8

Royals Kings Daredevils Deccan Royal Challengers Chennai Super

2009 Delhi Daredevils 8

Chargers Bangalore Kings

Chennai Super Royal Challengers Deccan

2010 Mumbai Indians 8

Kings Bangalore Chargers

Chennai Super Royal Challengers Kolkata Knight

2011 Mumbai Indians 10

Kings Bangalore Riders

Kolkata Knight Chennai Super

2012 Delhi Daredevils Mumbai Indians 9

Riders Kings

Chennai Super Sunrisers

2013 Mumbai Indians Rajasthan Royals 9

Kings Hyderabad

Kolkata Knight Chennai Super

2014 Kings XI Punjab Mumbai Indians 8

Riders Kings

Source:Cricinfo[28]

Prize money[edit]

Season 7 of Indian Premier League (IPL 2014) offer a total prize money of Rs. 400 million. The winning team of IPL gets a prize money of Rs. 150 million.[29]

 Champions: 150 million

 Runner-up: 100 million

 Third place: 75 million

 Fourth place: 75 million

 No prize money for remaining teams

It must be noted that IPL rules mandate that half of the prize money must be distributed among the players.[30] Ticket sales money/gate receipts[edit] Almost 80% of the tickets are sold by franchises themselves while other 20% is for IPL governing body.[citation needed] Tickets sales/gate receipts are large proportion of an IPL franchise's yearly revenue.

Sponsorships[edit]

India's biggest property developer DLF Group paid ₹2.50 billion (around US$50 million) to be the title sponsor of the tournament for 5 years from 2008 to 2012.[31] From 2013 season, the American food and beverage company PepsiCo took over title sponsorship for five years valued at ₹3968 million, and also exclusive beverage supplier for the IPL teams in the 2013 season.[32][33]

The IPL is expected to bring the BCCI an income of approximately US$1.6 billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to a central pool, 40% of which will go to IPL itself, 54% to franchises and 6% as prize money. The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017, after which the share of IPL will be 50%, franchises 45% and prize money 5%. The IPL signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for the series in a 1.06 billion (US$18 million) (approximately £15 million) deal. This deal sees the McDowells No.1 brand on all umpires' uniforms and also on the giant screens during third umpire decisions.[34]

Other sponsorships include, a deal with Hero Honda worth $22.5 million, with PepsiCo worth $12.5 million, and a deal with Kingfisher at $26.5 million.[35] Television rights[edit]

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's Sony Entertainment Television(Set Max) network and -based World Sport Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.[36] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US$1.026 billion. As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US$918 million for the television broadcast rights and US$108 million for the promotion of the tournament.[37] This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL, and got the ruling on its side.

After losing the battle in court, Sony Entertainment Television signed a new contract with BCCI with Sony Entertainment Television paying 87 billion (US$1.5 billion) for 10 years. One of the reasons for payment of this huge amount is seen as the money required to subsidise IPL's move to South Africa which will be substantially more than the previous IPL. IPL had agreed to subsidise the difference in operating cost between India and South Africa as it decided to move to the African nation after the security concerns raised because of its coincidence with India's general elections.

20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be distributed to the franchisees. The money would be distributed in these proportions until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares (But in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public).[38] Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to other companies. It is officially broadcast on Set Max, Set Six and in internet on Times internet.

On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59 of the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel.[39]

On 1 April 2011, Rogers Media announced that he signed a four-year exclusive deal in to broadcast 36 group stage matches, 3 playoff matches and 1 championship match on its channelSportsnet One.[40] In the 2012 season, its coverage includes a weekly highlight show and four matches on its multicultural stations, and the IPL Final was broadcast on the mainSportsnet regional channels.[41]

Regional Winning Bidder Terms of Deal Broadcast Rights

10 years, 2008–2017 Sony Entertainment Television/World Sport India, , at 87 Group , billion(US$1.5 billion) (SET Max and Sony SIX) (revised)[36]

Global Rights to distribute on broadband, mobile and

The Times Group Worldwide radio. 4 Years 2011– 2014, Terms not released.[42]

[43]

Maasranga Television Bangladesh

Contract extended to (2008–2010, 2012, 2013, 2014) 2013.[44]

Carlton Sports Network (2012–) Terms not released. Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation: Channel Eye (2008–2011)

Australia: Network Ten (2008) Currently no 5 years, 2008–2012 at One (2009–2010) television A$10–15 million.[46] broadcasting.[45]

Sky Sport (2008–2010, 2012–) Terms not released.

Hong Kong: 2 years, 2010–2011

PCCW Broadcast rights terms not released. on Now TV.

Singapore:

StarHub Broadcast rights Terms not released. on IPL Channel.

Astro , Terms not released.

South Africa, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central

African Republic, 10 Years, 2008–2017

SuperSport Chad, Comoros, terms not released. Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, , Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, 10 Years, 2008–2017 Arab Digital Distribution (CricOne) Morocco, Oman, terms not released.[47] Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen

Broadcast rights on CricOne

United Kingdom: (2015–) ITV (2010–2014)Setanta 4 Years 2011–2014, Broadcast Sports (2008–2009) Terms not released. on ITV4.

Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, , Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint

SportsMax Terms not released. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Sint Maarten, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, , Turks and Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands

Sportsnet One/World/Omni (2011– Canada: Exclusive 4 years, 2011–2014 present) Asian Television Network(2008– broadcast rights. terms not released. 2010) ATN-Asian Radio(2008–present)

Rights to distribute on television, radio, Willow (2008–2010, 2012–present) United States broadband and Internet, for the IPL in North America. 5 years, 2008–2012, terms not released.[48]

Terms not released; NEO Cricket (2011–) Dish Network(2008, channel and IPL rights United States 2011) DirecTV (2008–2010) have since been merged into Willow