the Inside this issue: NorwegiaN Fish Soup— dairy-free but still creamy american story on page 7

Volume 129, #3 • February 9, 2018 Est. May 17, 1889 • Formerly Norwegian American Weekly, Western Viking & Nordisk Tidende $4 USD Revel in it with our Love the snow? Winter Sports issue

What’s inside? « Jeg tør si, vi elsket våre ski. Nyheter fra Norge 2 Vi klappet og kjælte dem hver News from 3 gang vi spente dem på. » Business 4-5 – Roald Amundsen Norsk Språk 6 Taste of Norway 7 Opinion 8-9 Get ready for the Norway near you 10-11 Norwegian Heritage 12-13 Winter Olympics with stories Travel 14-15 Arts & Entertainment 16 on Norway’s medal history (p. 18), Books 17 gods of the snow (p. 21), Norwegian Winter Sports 18-27 Back page 28 and U.S. athletes to watch (p. 22 & 24), $1 = NOK 7.8084 (p. 20), and—of course— updated 02/05/2018 In comparison curling pants (p. 23)! 02/05/2018 7.8084 08/05/2017 7.9432 02/05/2017 8.2073 Photo: CH / Visitnorway.com the american 2 • February 9, 2018 Nyheter fra Norge NorwegiaN Nyheter Farvel med moralismen: slutt på Idrettsstyret sier nei til OL i Tele- mark Styret i Norges idrettsforbund sier nei til straff for narkotikamisbrukene drømmen fra Telemark om et vinter-OL i 2026. Avkriminalisering, her- Det var på Gaustatoppen i slutten av oinassistert behandling oktober kommunene Tinn og Notodden presenterte de storstilte planene om et OL og bedre tilbud til dem i Telemark vinteren 2026. Prosjektet har mildt sagt vært svært om- som ikke vil bli rusfrie diskutert både i Telemark og ellers i NTB og gard HåkoN oTerHolm landet. Idrettspresident Tom Tvedt sier at VG initiativet fra Telemark har vært positivt, Helseministeren lover endringer i norsk men at styret uansett ikke ønsker å gå inn ruspolitikk. i en søknadsprosess for OL i 2026. Men — Vi går nå bort fra det som kanskje han lukker ikke døren helt for OL i Tele- kan beskrives som en moralistisk tilnærm- mark på et senere tidspunkt. ing i den tidligere tenkningen. Vi erkjenner — Styret har ikke gått inn på hva som fullt og helt at enkelte ikke er motivert for å vil skje i forbindelse med OL i 2030 og bli rusfrie. Denne gruppen vil nå få et langt 2034. Vi ønsker fortsatt positive initiativ bedre tilbud enn tidligere, sier helseminister på prosjekter som kan få samlet støtte fra Bent Høie (H) til NTB. hele idretts-Norge. — Rusavhengighet er en sykdom. Sam- Bakgrunnen for at Telemark ville funnet skal stille opp for rusavhengige og yte kaste seg inn i OL-eventyret, var at Inns- Foto: Frode Hansen / VG hjelp, uavhengig av om de er motivert for å Reform: Helseminister Bent Høie (H) har selv endret syn på avkriminalisering, som han tidligere var bruck sa nei til å søke OL i 2026. I 2018 bli rusfrie eller ikke, understreker han. imot. Han mener at rusavhengighet er en sygdom som må behandles. skal OL arrangeres i Sør-Korea og i 2022 i Kina. I løpet av de kommende fire årene vil sentrale deler av norsk ruspolitikk bli støpt (NRK) om. Sentralt står rusreformen, som Frp gikk handling i stedet for straff, presiserer Høie. Se > ruSPolitikk, side 6 imot, og som i praksis innebærer avkrimi- Stortingsflertallet samlet seg før jul om Innvandrerbarn gjør det bedre i en merknad om dette, og nå inngår reformen nalisering av narkobruk. English synopsis: The Norwegian Minister of Health norsk lesing — Jeg bruker ikke selv ordet avkrimi- som del av løftene i den ferske regjerings– and Care Services Bent Høie is working torwards sig- Barn som har innvandret til Norge, gjør nalisering. Dette handler om at samfunnets erklæringen. nificant reforms in narcotics legistlation, advocating det dårligere enn andre barn på nasjonale reaksjon på bruk og besittelse av illegale rus- Der slås det fast at politiet skal kunne for decriminalization of possession, heroin-assisted programs, and increased treatment options for addicts. prøver i lesing, men andelen på laveste midler til egen bruk skal være tilbud om be- pålegge at den rusavhengige møtes med nivå har sunket. Barn som har innvandret til Norge, er gruppen som får de dårligste resul- tatene på nasjonale prøver i lesing. Men Rottene har Thon minnes sin venn det er en forbedring, i 2016 lå 43 prosent på laveste trinn, i 2017 er det 39 prosent, ikke skylden Ikea-gründeren viser tall fra Statistisk sentralbyrå (SSB). Alle femteklassingene gjør det bedre i lesning, for norskfødte med innvandrer- Ny norsk studie viser Ingvar Kamprad foreldre er andelen på laveste nivå re- at Svartedauden dusert fra 36 til 33 prosent, mens for de (91) er død andre elevene har andelen på laveste nivå spredte seg via aud darrud og kaspar FuglesaNg falt fra 23 til 22 prosent. mennesker NRK (Aftenposten)

marTHe s. lieN Forretningsmannen Olav Thon var venn KrF vil skjerpe røykeloven VG med Ikea-gründeren Ingvar Kamprad (91) 15 år etter at Kristelig Folkeparti fikk inn– som døde den 27 januar. Han minnes Kam- ført røykeforbud inne Norge, mener par- En ny norsk studie publisert av Univer- prad som en svært strukturert person, med tiet det er på tide at det også blir ulovlig sitetet i viser at svartedaudenbakterien helt spesielle evner til å drive en bedrift. fyre opp sigarettene utendørs. spredte seg fra menneske til menneske, via — Han var en utrolig, strukturert per- — De plassene hvor ikke-røykerne lus, og ikke via rotter som tidligere antatt. son, det er jo nesten utrolig hvordan han ikke har mulighet til å gå vekk, der øn- Pestepidemien Svartedauden herjet i klarte å bygge opp Ikea slik som det etter sker vi at det skal være røykeforbud, sier Asia og Europa på midten av 1300-tallet. Så hvert fremsto, sier Olav Thon. nestleder Olaug Bollestad i KrF til TV 2. mange som 75 millioner mennesker skal ha Thon forteller at Kamprad fikk ideen til Nestlederen i Kristelig Folkeparti, er mistet livet som følge av sykdommen. Ikea etter at han fikk trøbbel med svenske også leder I Stortingets helsekomité. Hun Foto: Wikimedia Commons Europa ble spesielt hardt rammet. Rundt møbelforhandlere som ikke klarte å levere Ikea-gründeren Ingvar Kamprad startet tidlig mener det er på høy tid at dagens forbud 50 prosent av befolkningen måtte gi tapt for møbler til ham. som selger da han som guttunge laget sin egen mot å røyke innendørs også utvides til å den hissige bakterien. — Han ønsket et enkelt liv, jeg tror op- katalog med gjenstander han solgte i nabolaget gjelde områder utendørs der ikke-røykere — Det vi har gjort er å sammenligne priktig talt at ikke penger betydde så mye for han bodde i. Med tiden ble Kamprad Sveriges blir utsatt for passiv røyking. data fra utbrudd av Svartedauden i ni byer i ham. Det vil sikkert mange være uenige i. rikeste mann. Bollestad mener Norge ikke kan være Europa under middelalderen, sier leder Nils Han hadde ingen personlige behov, men der– dårligere enn svenskene. Sveriges sosial– Christian Stenseth for Senter for økologisk imot spillet om suksess hadde han i rikelig minister Annika Strandhäll (S) la fredag og evolusjonær syntese (CEES) ved Univer- monn. — Tenke enkelt, hvis en får lov til det. fram et forslag der hun går inn for røyke- sitetet i Oslo til VG. Ingvar Kamprad arbeidet fra han var Jeg tror utrolig mye kan skapes dersom grün- forbud på allmenne møtesteder som ute- Han forteller at forskerne tok utgangs– en liten guttunge. Han laget en liten post- dere som Kamprad for mulighet til å utvikle serveringer, holdeplasser og lekeplasser. punkt i to teorier; Har bakterien spredt seg ordrekatalog som han syklet rundt med og sine ideer, sier Thon. De nye reglene skal etter planen tre i fra rotter til mennesker som tidligere antatt, delte ut i postkasser til sine naboer. kraft 1. januar 2019. Den svenske regjer- — Han arbeidet kontinuerlig gjennom English synopsis: Norwegian business magnate Olav ingen har som mål at Sverige skal være Se > SVartEdaudEn, side 6 hele sitt liv. Etter mitt skjønn var han vel- Thon was a friend of the founder of IKEA, Swedish- røykfritt i 2025. På spørsmål om hvorfor dig populær blant sine ansatte, selv om han born Ingvar Kamprad, who died on Jan. 27. Thon de- regjeringen ikke totalforbyr tobakk, sva- English synopsis: A new study published at the Uni- forlangte at de måtte stå tidlig opp om mor- scribes his friend as a simple, hard-working, and struc- rer sosialministeren at hun tar ett skritt av versity of Oslo indicates that the bacteria that caused tured individual committed to his vision. As a young 50 percent of the European population to die from the genen og jobbe hele dagen. man, Kamprad started out by making his own catalog gangen. Black Death in the 14th century was spread by hu- Thon tror at dagens bedriftsledere kan to sell things to his neighbors, but with time he built (VG) mans. Contrary to long-held beliefs, the real culprits lære av Sveriges mest framgangsrike forret- up a multinational conglomerate that made him Swe- were lice, not rats, ningsmann: den’s wealthiest man. theNorwegiaNamerican News February 9, 2018 • 3 Norway’s top This week in brief World inequality Norway’s defense spending drops, names 2017 increasing gap to NATO demands Gap between rich The percentage of gross domestic product Sofie and Jakob top a (GDP) spent by Norway on defense has and poor least in decreased, despite NATO obligations for Scandinavia list that shows regional member countries to increase spending to and temporal trends 2 percent by 2024. m. micHael Brady The reduction in spending was re- ported by newspaper VG on Jan. 25. , Norway THe local Defense minister Frank Bakke-Jen- sen said in a written response to a parlia- Around the world since 1980, the income Norway has new official most popular mentary question that government spend- gap between rich and poor has gone up, with baby names for both boys and girls after the ing on defense would reach 1.56 percent 2017 totals were announced. significant differences among countries. In of GDP this year. It will then fall further 1980, the top 1 percent of income earners cap- Sofie and Jakob were the top choices in to 1.5 percent in 2020 and remain at that tured about 10 percent of total income in Eu- 2017. Lavrans moved up the list, while pre- level until 2024, according to the report. rope as well as in the and Can- vious favorite William slipped back, as did “I am very surprised and actually a ada. In 2016, the top 1 percent income shares Nora, the top choice for baby girls in 2016. bit shocked,” Anniken Huitfeldt of the had gone up to an average of 12 percent in Figures for most common names given opposition Labor party, who heads parlia- Europe and had shot up to 20 percent in the to infants in 2017 were released by Statistics ment’s foreign affairs and defense com- U.S. and Canada. Within Europe, the rise was Norway on Jan. 24. mittee, told VG. less than average in Denmark, , Nor- - The name Sofie was given to 412 chil “We have been continually looking way, and , to about 6 percent in 2016. dren last year, while 424 were called Jakob. to get closer to NATO’s goal of 2 percent. - These income figures and other factors “Both Sofie and Jakob have had a clas But now the government writes that we related to them have been collected in the sic swing in popularity for names,” senior are actually moving away from that tar- World Wealth and Income Database (WID), to analyses and media coverage of the aspects advisor Jørgen Ouren said via the Statistics get,” Huitfeldt added. compiled in a collaborative effort of research- of it relevant to Norway, as in a front-page Norway website. NATO member states are currently ers round the globe. In turn, the WID led to feature in the print edition of Aftenposten The two names were extremely popular under pressure from U.S. President Don- on Jan. 21, and to an online edition entitled at the beginning of the 20th century, then fell the first World Inequality Report, released on ald Trump and NATO General Secretary “Mens forskjellene skyter i været i USA, almost completely out of use before seeing a Dec. 14, 2017, at the first WID conference Jens Stoltenberg to meet the 2 percent tar- held at the Paris School of Economics and klarer mange land i Europa å holde igjen...” modern return to popularity, Ouren said. get by 2024. available in free downloadable PDF (in eight (While inequality shoots up in the U.S., The third-most favored girl’s name was - many European countries exercise restraint), Emma. “NATO figures show that we have languages) at wir2018.wid.world/files/down the lowest proportion [of spending] of all load/wir2018-full-report-english.pdf. the countries that border Russia,” Huit- See > inEquality, page 11 See > namES, page 13 In Norway, the first WID conference led feldt concluded. (The Local)

Norway’s parliament puts block on Precipitation threatens Svalbard extended Sunday trading The Norwegian parliament will vote to continue restrictions against stores oper- The archipelago’s wet ating on Sundays. winters may presage “This will stop the government from wasting time on working on ideas for a future of flooding more Sunday trading. That’s good,” Cen- ter Party leader Trygve Slagsvold Vedum Torgeir o. røTHe & JosTeiN Bakke told broadcaster NRK. Bjerknes Center for Climate Research “The Conservatives, Progress, and Liberal parties again and again try to TraNs. m. micHael Brady force people to work on Sundays. People Asker, Norway want to take Sundays off,” Vedum con- tinued. In recent winters Svalbard has been wet- The vote will continue Norway’s ter than anyone can remember; its climate is public-holiday protection law (helligdags- beginning to be like that of west Norway. fredsloven), thereby limiting the number Our research has shown that those who live of people needed to work on Sundays. in Svalbard must prepare for future floods “We want people to work as little and avalanches. Photo: Jostein Bakke as possible on Sundays,” Vedum said We’ve long been aware that the Arctic Bjerknes Center scientists conduct research in the field at Vårfluesjøen on Svalbard in September 2017. to NRK, adding that while he respected is warming in step with global warming and those working in the emergency services, climate prognoses increasingly forecast new he was against more people working in weather records and less sea ice. That said, ice age climate revealed of the Arctic. We know that the ambient tem- shops on the traditional day of rest. one thing surprises: precipitation. Changes in We recently returned from field work in peratures have risen by 3°C since they were “Let Sunday be the exception, so precipitation, summer and winter, have led to Svalbard. We took samples from the beds of first recorded in Svalbard in the early 20th people can go to the football, be with serious avalanche accidents and floods, not lakes. In them we could see the characteristic century. There have been both colder and their families, go to church, or do nothing just on Svalbard but throughout the Arctic. fingerprints of glaciers, floods, and avalanche warmer periods, but over the past 50 years, and just relax,” he said. The landscape of Svalbard has been incidents. It’s a unique archive that we can the temperature has gone only up. Norway’s public-holiday law cur- shaped by water in various forms, including page back in, for Svalbard all the way back to Today the climate of Svalbard is dry. rently means many retailers are required glaciers, floods, and avalanches. Long ago, the end of the Ice Age 11,000 years ago. The annual precipitation at Longyearbyen is to remain closed on Sundays, as well as there were similar wet periods. Through sev- usually 7.5 inches. That’s small compared to public holidays like Christmas and Easter. eral field trips in Svalbard we have searched the polar desert is disappearing Bergen’s 88.5 inches a year. Hence it’s sen- Stores with an area of less than 1,000 for traces of previous wet periods, with the Our research has been motivated by a sational that in recent winters in Svalbard, square feet, as well as gas stations and aim of finding if the traces of bygone climate need for new knowledge of the long-term na- precipitation has been twice what is normal. florists, are allowed to open on Sundays. might tell us something about the future of a ture of Svalbard’s climate. That will enable The Erna Solberg-led government in warmer Arctic. us to say something meaningful on the future See > SValBard, page 8 2015 proposed two possible models for shops opening on Sundays. That proposal would have seen the decision on whether This issue’s news from Norway is brought to you through a partnership with: to open on Sundays decentralized either to local municipalities or to retailers themselves. www.thelocal.no (The Local) the american 4 • February 9, 2018 Business NorwegiaN Business News & Notes Norges Bank wins award for new to the new banknotes and made them more Oslo and Minnesota banknote series receptive to information about the key se- Central Banking, a news site for central curity features,” he went on to say. banks all over the world, announced on (Norges Bank) fighting heart attacks Jan. 22 that Norges Bank had won the an- nual Banknote and Currency Management Most fish caught in Namsen Sensors to detect sepsis and improve blood Award. In 2017, 180,500 salmon, sea trout, and mi- The award’s panel of judges appreci- gratory char were caught in Norwegian riv- flow aim to save millions of lives worldwide ers, about the same as in 2016. Of these, 80 ated Norges Bank’s efforts to redefine how its banknotes are designed, incorporat- percent were slaughtered, and 20 percent ing top-notch security and an innovative were caught and released. awareness campaign. Namsenvassdraget was the most im- Christopher Jeffery, Chairman of the portant watercourse in 2017, with a total Central Banking Awards Committee and catch of 9,900 salmon, sea trout, and mi- Editor-in-chief of Central Banking, said: gratory char. This is an increase of 25 per- “The risk Norges Bank took in this rede- cent from the year before. Six percent of sign has definitely paid off. The new seriesthe fish were released, and 94 percent were combines the cutting edge in banknote de- slaughtered. sign with tried and tested methods which In Altavassdraget, 9,100 salmon, sea have stood Norway in excellent stead over trout, and migratory char were caught in the decades.” 2017. Of these, 13 percent were released. The panel also emphasized the humor- In 2017, 7,500 salmon, sea trout, and ous information video “The Cod is Com- migratory char with a total weight of 32.7 ing,” with Øystein Olsen, the governor of tons were caught in Tana and its tributar- Norges Bank, as one of the actors. ies. Measured by the number of fish, this is a decrease of 25 percent from the year be- The first two denominations of the fore. Almost all of these were slaughtered. new banknote series were launched on May Photo courtesy of ExoStat 30, 2017. Norway and Finland concluded a new ExoStat Medical Board (left to right): David Gordon; Hayden R. Fleming, co-founder ExoStat Medi- “It is a great honor for us to receive agreement on fishing regulations in Tana cal; Stein Ivar Hansen, Chair Board Sensocure; Richard K. Gordon, Chair Board ExoStat Medical; Central Banking’s Banknote and Currency and its tributaries in 2017. The new agree- James R. Hays Jr., president and CEO, ExoStat Medical. Management Award,” says Olsen. ment may have resulted in reduced catches “Norges Bank’s banknotes are the com- in Tana in 2017. Another main reason for rasmus Falck munity’s money, and our trust in the value the decrease is the high water level in the Oslo, Norway of our notes is closely linked to our trust in watercourse throughout the fishing season. each other. With this in mind, it was impor- Ranked by catch and release, Orkla and Sensocure AS develops and manufac- and have global impacts in both saving lives tant for us to base the new banknote series Gaula are the most important watercourses. tures biomedical sensors for health care and and reducing costs of health care.” They be- on a design that would tell a story about us In 2017, 3,900 salmon, sea trout, and mi- aims to become the market leader in post- lieved this would be due to the early detec- as a community of people. I believe that the gratory char were caught and released in operative monitoring of internal organs. If a tion of tissue hyper fusion determining the design, using marine and maritime motifs, Orkla, with 3,100 in Gaulavassdraget. whole organ does not receive enough blood possibility of the onset of sepsis, a malady has made it easier for Norwegians to relate (Statistics Norway) circulation, it will be destroyed. In the worst that can cause massive organ failure. ExoStat case, the patient will die. The startup’s sen- felt so strongly about the partnership with sor, IscAlert™, can be placed in various hu- the Norwegian company that they invited man organs, and measure the blood move- CTO and chairman of the Sensocure board, ment during medical operations. Stein Ivar Hansen, Ph.D., to join their board Professor and Dr. Tor Inge Tønnessen of directors. Dr. Hansen also serves as man- at Oslo University Hospital started develop- aging director of Micro Tech Innovation, the ing the sensor. He realized that it was neces- company responsible for Norwegian Centers Sealift Inc. sary to avoid ischemia, reduced blood flow of Expertise, micro and nanotechnologies. and oxygen to the heart muscle. It may not The CEO of Sensocure, Trond Herje, said be caused by a disease, but for example, by that the two companies complemented each overexertion or cold exposure. Severe is– other nicely. • Ship Owners • chemia can result in a heart attack or stroke. Last April, Sensocure received a third It is the most common disease and cause of regional research grant from Oslofjordfon- death in the western world. If ischemia can det. So far, the sensors have been tested on • Ship & Cargo Brokers • be reversed quickly, permanent damage to pigs. However, by the end of a two-year de- the organ can be avoided. velopment program, the company intends Sensocure was founded in 2011 in to have its first sensor ready for industrial- • Steamship Agents • Horten, Norway, and started out as Silicia ization/mass production. The company will Vestfold Technology Incubator. Dr. Tønnes- also have market channels ready to accept sen owns 30 percent of the company. the sensor. A collaboration with ExoStat Medical Prime Minister Erna Solberg visited the Inc. in Prior Lake, Minn., has benefitted bothcompany three times in 2017. Sensocure had companies. After jointly working together grown from two to 10 employees between her for a year, the two entered into a long-term first tour in 2015 and second visit in January formal technology license agreement in 2017. Herje showed the Prime Minister the December 2014. ExoStat has worked on an newly built 10,000-square-foot facility, in- electronic sensor of its own, MicroTrend™ cluding cleanroom laboratories, manufactur- System pCO2, that measures partial pressure ing area, research and development space and in oral mucosal tissue. The sensor will con- offices. The prime minister was briefed on the stitute an essential component of a new non- history of Sensocure and its future plans for invasive device developed to measure tissue growth. Solberg was impressed by the com- hyper fusion and the possible onset of sep- pany’s progress since her first visit in 2015. sis (“blood poisoning”). Sepsis is a medical condition that claims millions of lives each Rasmus Falck is a strong year, represents enormous medical expenses, innovation and entrepre- and is the 10th most frequent cause of death neurship advocate. The au- in the United States. thor of “What do the best In a June 2016 ExoStat press release, do better” and “The board 68 West Main Street, Oyster Bay, New York 11771 CEO James R. Hays Jr. said, “The result- of directors as a resource Phone: (516) 922-1000 Fax: (516) 922-6526 ing combination of both systemic (Mi- in SME,” he received his croTrend™) and local (IscAlert™) tissue master’s degree from the www.sealiftinc.com E-mail: [email protected] measurement of blood flow is expected toUniversity be of Wisconsin-Madison. He lives in hugely important to critical-care providers Oslo, Norway. theNorwegiaNamerican Business February 9, 2018 • 5 Are you and your team future-ready? Digital technology can’t replicate the human skills of critical thinking and judgment

JeNNiFer Vessels Next Step—Silicon Valley & Oslo, Norway

Today’s digital world gives access to a range of services and products all through a simple command to smart phone, watch, or appliance. In addition, for businesses, digital Photos courtesy of next Step technologies also streamline operations, in- There are some business skills that won’t be re- crease productivity of global resources, and placed by machines. Left, a slide shows the quali- increase profitability. ties employees will need in the digital age, and The downside of digital transforma- below we see a human team (such as Next Step’s) tion is often employment uncertainty. Stud- being human—working together to deliver results. ies by Forrester, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and others show that 20 to 35 percent of today’s jobs will be eliminated by automation and technological innovation within the next three to five years. If you are who investigates the issue, determines the an employee asking, “Will I be relevant and root cause, and prevents the issue from re- needed in the digital world?” or an employer curring in the future. asking, “How can I develop my employees Across all industries, repetitive tasks for success in the future?” consider the fol- can often be done more efficiently -and ef lowing questions: fectively through technology. However, hu- • Are the daily or weekly tasks in your man analysis and judgment are critical for job repetitive and predictable? complex problem solving. The employees • Are decisions and actions based on and managers most skilled in critical think- historical patterns and logical analysis or a ing and use of human intuition will have the myriad of factors that require judgment and greatest value and relevance in the digital complex problem solving (often with human future. intuition)? By combining problem solving with • What is your role in delivering a posi- customer communications, Oslo account- tive customer experience through communi- ing firm Azets maximizes profitability and cations, empathy, and decision making? customer experience. Robotics and artificialbusiness enhancement. By developing the BUNADS FOR SALE: • Do you lead through inspiration and intelligence are used for the input and or- ability to communicate clearly, empatheti- empowerment of your employees, teams, ganization of clients’ expenses and income cally, and effectively with employees and and suppliers? for taxation. However, human accountants customers, employees in all organizations In a digital world, robots, machines, and review and discuss exceptions with clients. will maximize their relevance. systems may be “taught” to accurately per- Consider a case when Azets’s system identi- In a recent study by Accenture Global form actions such as data entry and organi- fies a large expense from an unknown source Pulse Research, 70 percent of consumers zation, standardized manufacturing tasks, or (which might be fraudulent). It then notifies said they prefer to deal with a person ver- even repetitive sales and customer-service the accountant assigned to the client of the sus technology—especially when faced with functions. However, when unpredicted is- exception. Through analysis of the expense a problem. Those employees best prepared sues or exceptions occur, human interaction and his or her knowledge of the client’s ob- for the future will have demonstrated com- is often required to understand, weigh vari- jectives, the accountant can either verify or munications, problem solving, and judgment ous aspects of the situation to make judgment dispute the transaction. Often this will re- (through human intuition) skills. calls, and ultimately resolve the problem. quire a potentially sensitive discussion or meeting with the client. leadership for the future Problem solving through critical thinking In the words of iconic innovator and For example, Amazon uses robotics to People-to-people customer service leader Steve Jobs, “It is not the tools but efficiently pick and package ordered items Effective interpersonal communication the people that drive success.” Today, when from the warehouse based on barcode iden- skills are essential when resolving issues af- employees are often dealing with the uncer- tification. However, when there is damage or fecting clients—whether related to financial tainty of change in the business world, lead- a stocking issue, the robot alerts a manager transactions, product/service utilization, or ers’ ability to inspire, empower, and instill a vision for the future is more critical than ever. By communicating a clear vision for Exchange Rates Oslo Børs: Week at a Glance the future, involving employees in decision (Feb. 5, 2018) making, and empowering them to enhance Winners Losers their critical thinking, problem solving, and Norsk Kr. 7.8084 Name NOK Change Name NOK Change judgment skills, leaders and their teams are Dansk Kr. 6.0050 Element 4.79 10.11% SeaBird Exploration 0.12 -61.14% becoming future-ready. Atlantic Petroleum 9.75 -13.72% Svensk Kr. 7.9495 Avocet Mining PLC 2.16 8.00% The future is upon us—start enhancing Polaris Media 21.80 6.86% BerGenBio 34.20 -9.28% • Adult approx. size 10 Islandsk Kr. 100.84 Gyldendal 374.00 6.86% Cxense 49.90 -7.59% your relevance today. • Child size 8 Canadian $ 1.2512 Aqualis 4.50 4.65% I.M. Skaugen 1.90 -7.32% • Made in Norway. Have appraisal of Euro 0.8066 For detailed information about the Oslo Børs, visit www.dn.no. This article was provided to The Norwe- the adult one. It is of the Oslo area. It gian American by Jennifer Vessels of Silicon was my mother’s; she was from Arendal Valley and Oslo. She is CEO of Next Step, (Oppland- Gudbransdalen-Graffer area) Business and individual leading business transformation for Adobe, Autodesk, Avinor, Microsoft Nevion, Posti, tax returns; audits; forensic Contact Reidun Kollen: ShoreTel, and more. She can be reached at (360) 808-8163 [email protected]. accounting; financial [email protected] statement preparation; Certified Public Accountants litigation support. Vesterheim 221 First Avenue West Suite 400 Lower Queen Anne location, easy parking. the national Norwegian-American museum and heritage center Seattle, Washington 98119 • The largest collection of Norwegian-American artifacts in the world • A national center for folk-art classes • Open all year in Decorah, Iowa Phone: 206.292.1747 • Online: loecpa.com • Email: [email protected] the american 6 • February 9, 2018 Norsk Språk NorwegiaN

< ruSPolitikk Fra side 2 « I dare say we loved our skis. We caressed and kissed them every time we put them on. » helserettede tiltak, og at manglende oppføl- – Roald Amundsen ging vil medføre sanksjoner. Høie reiser i neste måned til Portugal for å høste erfaringer. Det er nemlig den såkalte Pondus by Frode Øverli Portugal-modellen som vil danne skole for endringene som kommer i Norge. — Den må tilpasses norske forhold, sier helseministeren, som understreker at det er et «betydelig arbeid» som må gjøres. Et offentlig utvalg skal nedsettes for å utrede hvordan re- formen kan gjennomføres i praksis. — Vi er allerede i gang med å utarbeide utvalgets mandat og sammensetning. Vi har ikke god tid. Reformen skal være gjennom- ført i løpet av perioden, sier Høie. Ap og Høyre endret begge sitt stand- punkt til bruk og besittelse av narkotika un- der landsmøtene i fjor. Og før jul ble det altså klart i merknads form at det er flertall for en rusreform på Stortinget. We have to have a talk! You’re Did you have the talk with him? — Allerede da vekket saken internas- Påsan... Do you getting so old now that... Well, Liverpool is not going to win the jonal oppsikt. Interessen blir ikke mindre når have a minute? you know... There are certain series this year! And without Yes! He realizes things you have to understand! serious reinforcements we’re not the seriousness! vi nå følger opp fra regjeringens side. Tren- going to win next season either! den i Europa går i samme retning, sier Høie. Han har selv endret syn på avkrimi- nalisering, som han tidligere var imot. Men Lunch by Børge Lund å følge opp med å tillate salg av narkotiske stoffer gjennom offentlig godkjente utsalgs- steder, er ikke aktuelt. — Nei, definitivt ikke. En av suksessene med norsk ruspolitikk er at vi har et klart for- bud mot illegale rusmidler og en streng reg- ulering av lovlige rusmidler, sier Høie. Pakkeforløp for rusbehandling etter mal fra kreftbehandlingen er også på trappene, ifølge regjeringserklæringen. Der loves det også at flere legemidler inkluderes i legemid- delassistert rehabilitering, samt at det skal gjennomføres forsøk med heroinassistert be- handling. — Dette vil skje parallelt og uavhengig av arbeidet med rusreformen. Forsøk med It’s time for collaging! Let scissors heroinassistert behandling kan bli gjennom- and paper guide you! Get in touch with your creative side! ført før reformen er på plass, sier Høie. Selv om Norge fortsatt utmerker seg negativt på overdosestatistikken, mener hel- Hjalmar by Nils Axle Kanten seministeren norsk ruspolitikk i hovedsak har vært vellykket. — En relativt liten andel av norske ung- dommer har prøvd narkotika. Og den sam- lede rusbruken er lavere i Norge enn i mange Still a slimy frog! sammenlignbare land. Utfordringen vår er at vi ikke har lykkes i å gi god nok hjelp til rus- avhengige, sier han.

< SVartEdau dEn Fra side 2 eller fra menneske til menneske via lus? Forskerne fant at det var den siste modellen som best kunne forklare hvorfor epidemien spredte seg så fort i Europa. — Problemet i middelalderen var å Han Ola og Han Per by Peter J. Rosendahl, with new translations by John Erik Stacy forklare hvorfor den spredte seg så fort i Eu- ropa, for hvis den gikk via gnagere og rotter ville det tatt lengre tid, forklarer Stenseth og legger til at spredningen kan sammenlignes med influensa som smitter fra menneske til menneske. — Studien forklarer derfor hvorfor det var en slik rask epidemi. Stenseth forteller at studien har fått stor oppmerksomhet internasjonalt. Blant annet har BBC har tatt kontakt, etter at studien ble presentert i en artikkel i det vitenskapelige tidsskriftet Proceedings of the National I don’t understand what It’s no trick to run this —spreads manure so well— Academy of Sciences. Hello Per!— Yes, and same to you.— that spikey wheel is for. kind of thing. Just hit Giddy up, Svartedauden eksisterer fortsatt i dag, Things are going well over there then?— it, Ola. My word, it— Frank! Giddy up! blant annet i Nord-Kina. I 2017 var det også How’s it going with them and the teacher?— Oh shucks! I’ll show you! Giddy up! Ha! Ha! Ha!— I thought I would start up et stort utbrudd av pesten på Madagaskar, tomorrow if that’s alright for you.— This is the first “regular” Han Ola strip, published inDecorah Posten on April 30, 1920. A few did appear Yes, yes, so goodbye then. hvor over 100 personer mistet livet. before this one, but they varied widely in size and shape and are thus unsuitab le for printing here. the american NorwegiaN Taste of Norway February 9, 2018 • 7 Beloved soup gets a healthy makeover An updated take on Bergen fish soup makes it accessible to those with dairy sensitivity

dayToNa sTroNg Taste of Norway Editor

Bergen holds a special place in my heart. It’s the last bit of Norwegian land my father and grandparents stepped foot on before sail- ing to America. It’s the city that holds the mystery of a moment, that bit of time when they stepped from land to ship, a leap in a journey that would change the course of a family. Perhaps that’s why I love Bergensk fiskesuppe—Bergen fish soup—so much. When I mention this soup on my Face- book page where we talk about all sorts of Nordic foods, people invariably gush about how much they love Bergen fish soup, often attached to their own fond memories of eat- ing it in that lovely city. Many people are sensitive to dairy, however. I’m convinced that dietary needs should not prevent people from enjoying a version of some of their fa- vorite foods, and I wanted to see if Bergen fish soup could withstand a dairy-free con- version. I needed to remove the cream. Adapting a classic recipe requires re- spect—an understanding of what it is sup- posed to be and a commitment to reproduc- ing it in a way that honors the past while making it suitable for one’s particular guests or personal needs. In the case of Bergensk course it’s not going to taste exactly like the fiskesuppe I had my work cut out for soup me: that a fine restaurant in Bergen would the cream provides richness and the texture serve, but to be honest I’m going to keep eat- that’s part of the very essence of the soup. ing it this way. I’ll save the cream for when This beloved classic dish from the west I’m eating the soup in Bergen someday— coast of Norway typically features a silky and I’ll savor every bite. base studded with pieces of tender fish and a medley of vegetables. To see if I could repli- Daytona Strong is The Nor- cate part of that creaminess, I first began by wegian American’s Taste of making a roux, that base that thickens many Norway Editor. She writes sauces and gravies and lending a creamy about her family’s Norwe- consistency. The first round tasted great. But gian heritage through the it wasn’t quite what I hoped for in reproduc- lens of food at her Scandi- ing that satisfying taste and texture of Ber- navian food blog, www.out- gen fish soup. So I tried whirring a couple of side-oslo.com. Find her on cooked potatoes with water in a blender and Facebook (www.facebook.com/OutsideOslo), stirring them into the soup toward the end. Twitter (@daytonastrong), Pinterest (@dayton- I’m delighted to say that it worked. Of astrong), and Instagram (@daytonastrong).

Dairy-free Bergen Fish Soup

While I love adding a little salmon and prawns for color, I’m keeping it simple in this recipe with cod. Feel free to use additional types of fish and shellfish if you’d like.

2 medium Yukon Gold potatoes, ¼ cup white wine peeled 1½ pounds cod, cut into 1.5-inch pieces 3 tbsps. dairy-free butter substitute 2-3 tbsps. red wine vinegar 1 leek, thinly sliced, white part only ½ tbsp. sugar 4-6 cups best-quality fish stock salt, to taste 2 cups peeled & diced root vegetables curly-leaf parsley, chopped, for garnish (mix of carrots, parsnip & celeriac) 1 tsp. whole black peppercorns

Begin by cooking the potatoes in a medium pot until they’re soft. Remove from the water and set aside to cool, reserving ½ cup or so of the cooking water for later. In a large pot, melt butter substitute over medium-high heat. Add leeks and sauté a few minutes, until they start to lightly brown. Add the fish stock and vegetables, and simmer until the vegetables are beginning to become tender, roughly 10-15 minutes (keep in mind they’ll keep cooking as you continue making the soup). Meanwhile, whirl the cooked potatoes and the reserved cooking liquid—which should now be lukewarm—in a blender until creamy. Stir the blended potatoes into the soup along with the white wine. Add the cod, and simmer gently until the fish is cooked through. Add the vinegar and sugar and a little salt. Taste and adjust those last three ingre- dients as needed—you want a subtle sweet-and-sour flavor, one that’s balanced and flavorful but not so strong that any of the single ingredients will be prominent. Photos: daytona Strong Pour in bowls and garnish with a sprinkling of parsley. Serves 4-6. Good news: it is possible to replicate the silky texture of Bergen Fish Soup by replacing cream with a creamy potato blend. the american 8 • February 9, 2018 Opinion NorwegiaN

< SValBar d An opinion column about current issues in From page 3 On the EDGE Norway and the United States longyearbyen norway’s warmest Join the conversation! It’s also sensational that winter tempera- tures have increased the most, now 2 to 3 de- grees Celsius warmer each decade. Recently, there have been wintertime periods in which Rigidity bars Norway greats from Olympics the temperature in Longyearbyen has been Norway’s highest. Increased sea and atmospheric tempera- Fredrik sTokVik tures have lowered sea-ice coverage in win- Ås, Norway ter. It’s a big change for Svalbard, from be- ing iced in to being exposed to the open sea, The 23rd Winter such as along the west coast of the mainland. will be held in Pyeongchang, South Ko- rea, from Feb. 9 to 25, 2018, and the com- Svalbard without ice petition’s commencement is only days It’s easy to think of the glaciers of Sval- away. But due to overly rigid rules, two bard as eternal, existing all the way back to of Norway’s most popular medal candi- the Ice Age. But our climate record reveals dates will not be attending. another history, as many of the glaciers are One of these is , who not remnants from the Ice Age. Many of holds three medals from participation in them have disappeared and then appeared previous Olympic Games. Among other again during the last 11 centuries. achievements, she holds a gold medal In the period of 9,000 to 6,000 years from and a silver and bronze ago, the climate was 3 to 6 degrees Celsius from . Johaug is currently out of the warmer than today. In the fingerprint from competition due to an 18-month suspen- the bottom of Vårfluesjøen we find traces of sion arising from a positive doping test frequent precipitation flood periods. In other on the anabolic steroid clostebol. Johaug words, it’s been both warmer and wetter. But was initially sentenced to a 13-month Photo: Frankie Fouganthin / Wikimedia Commons then, about 4,000 years ago, the climate was suspension, however, after an appeal wins a sprint in ’s Royal Palace Sprint in 2013. He is always a fun com- colder. That change brought glaciers back from the International Ski Federation, the petitor to watch, but you won’t get to watch him in the upcoming Olympic Games. to Svalbard. Where there once were pre- case was brought up in the Court of Arbi- cipitation floods, we see traces of snow-melt tration for Sport (CAS). CAS increased floods. the suspension to 18 months, which re- won’t be attending the Olympic Games is At the start of this season, Northug sulted in Johaug’s dream to compete in Petter Northug. A double Olympic cham- was sick and unable to compete in the na- A future with floods and avalanches this year’s Olympic Games shattering. pion, Northug holds six medals from ear- tional opening at Beitostølen in Norway. Since the peak warm period 9,000 years Johaug is at the moment not included on lier , including two He was given a chance to compete in the ago, Svalbard has gradually cooled down. Norway’s national ski team, but she has gold medals from Vancouver in 2010, and 16 at , Norway, but The cooling has been steady, though now assembled her own team to help her with World Cup medals. was still troubled with sickness and did broken by the recent warming that began training and is determined to compete in Petter Northug is in a special position; not qualify for the sprint. This resulted 50 years ago. Now the warming is rapid and the next in Seefeld, he has his own team off-season and rejoins in a downward spiral for Northug’s cur- overrides the natural climatic variations. 2019. the national team for training once the sea- rent season. Since he did not perform at Based on new knowledge of the past, the I think Johaug’s suspension is too son begins. Northug has been running this Lillehammer, he was not drafted for any future of the polar desert of Svalbard isn’t harsh. The sentence does not reflect thescheme in order to train the way he believes other World Cup events before Christ- bright. All indications are that the inhabit- non-gravity of the crime: Johaug used is best suited for him and also to control the mas. Northug was hoping to attend Tour ants of Svalbard must prepare for a climate the wrong salve for a sore lip and ended media circus surrounding him. There have de Ski, but the national team decided not that more and more resembles that of west up with an illegal substance in her body. been many arguments around Northug’s Norway, with more floods and avalanches. In This was done by accident, and the level team and many people believe that he is in See > riGidity, page 27 particular, the combination of larger spring of clostebol was not high enough to give the position of missing the games because of snow-melt and precipitation floods can have any performance boost. It was also done it. However, it is important to look at the pre- Fredrik Stokvik is a serious consequences. The future horizon for off-season, and she did not compete in vious season to understand the scope of the native Norwegian un- the Arctic must include planning settlements any races with the substance in her body. problem. In the 2016/2017 season, Northug and infrastructures that take geologic haz- dertaking a master’s in I agree that there should be zero toler- had an issue with being over-trained. After a civil engineering with ards more seriously. ance for use of these substances, but a stay at high altitude, he pushed himself too great interest in both 13-month suspension was more than hard and his body almost shut down. This cross-country skiing and original article (nynorsk): “Nedbør vil enough penalty for this crime. ruined the season for him, and speculation watching winter sports. truge Svalbard,” Science chronicle, Aften- The other Norwegian candidate who began that his career was over. posten Viten, Dec. 14, 2017, downloadable file available from Bjerknes Center for -Cli mate Research at bjerknes.uib.no/artikler/ The opinions expressed by opinion writers featured in “On the Edge” are not necessarily those of The Norwegian American, and our publication of those views is not an endorsement of them. Comments, suggestions, and complaints about the opinions expressed by the paper’s editorials should be directed to the editor. nyheter/nedbor-vil-truge-svalbard. the NorwegiaN (secret) personal enrichment! american’s plan for global domination: shhh... don’t tell! Step 1—send^ us your Your Name: Norwegian-American Friend’s Name: friend’s address*** Step 2—???* Friend’s Address: Step 3—you PROFIT!** City/State/Zip: * Step 2 is that we send your non-subscriber friend a sample copy of the newspaper (no other nefarious purpose, we promise!) ** If your friend signs up for a year’s subscription, YOU get a free month added to your subscription *** Call (206) 784-4617, email [email protected], or mail 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline, WA 98155 theNorwegiaNamerican Opinion February 9, 2018 • 9

Letters to the Editor theNorwegiaNamerican Published since May 17, 1889 Do you have something to say? 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline, WA 98155 Tel:฀(206)฀784-4617฀•฀Email:฀[email protected] Write to us at The Norwegian American, Letter to the Editor, 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline, WA 98155, or email us at [email protected], subject line Publisher Letter to the Editor. Letters may be edited for style, clarity, or length. Ragnar Meyer-Knutsen Editor-in-chief Emily฀C.฀Skaftun฀ [email protected] Immigration Dear Carl, Offensive language Assistant Editor / Nyheter Unfortunately, there wasn’t much about Lori฀Ann฀Reinhall฀ [email protected] Dear Editor, the prime minister’s visit in the Norwegian Dear Editor, Opinion Editor I was looking forward to this edition press either. We looked. I was drawn to the article “Be Not Linn฀Chloe฀Hagstrøm฀ [email protected] of The Norwegian American, expecting to I regret that you were offended by my ar- Afraid” in the Jan. 26 issue of The Norwe- Business & Sports Editor learn more about the Norwegian prime min- ticle, but I knew some readers would be. If I gian American—the photograph was stun- Michael฀Kleiner฀ [email protected] ister’s visit to the White House, which was tried to never offend anyone, I’d drive myself ning. However, I was disappointed to see Taste of Norway Editor not much covered by the domestic press. In- to an early grave! the s--- and f--- words as part of the author’s Daytona฀Strong฀ [email protected] stead, I find a screed about “On shitholes* But please be clear that I did so because narrative. I will always be a supporter of Travel Editor and immigration,” which offends me. Thank I was offended by the remark reportedly freedom of press and the right of free expres- Cynthia฀Rubin฀ [email protected] you for including the disclaimer that the made by the president—and not because of sion. Having said that, I regret that our daily Copy Editor president denied using that word. the foul language, but because of the senti- language uses these words quite freely and Becky฀Kruse฀Gjendem฀ [email protected] Some of my ancestors came to this ment. I don’t believe there’s a meaningful offensively and bemoan their appearance in Advertising country in the 1880s as “non-legal im- qualitative difference between immigrants this publication. Rhonda฀Staton฀ [email protected] migrants.” They jumped ship, found jobs, like your ancestors and those coming here I hope that The Norwegian American Subscriptions [email protected] worked hard, married, raised families, and today. Everyone is looking for a better life. can, in the future, use words that are more up- prospered in this country, unlike many of the Statistics on welfare use and crime among lifting. I did really like the article about boller! Contributors illegals arriving in this country today who undocumented immigrants are, naturally, Sincerely, Larrie Wanberg Grand Forks, N.D. are on welfare rolls and frequently involved very hard to gather, so it’s easy for all sides Jon Malmin Julia Andersen New York, N,Y. in the drug trade. Emma Lazarus was invit- to “prove” what’s really happening. I’ll Gig Harbor, Wash. Tove Andersson Oslo, Norway Patricia Barry Hopewell Junction, N.Y. ing my ancestors, not the criminals crossing leave that to smarter people than myself. Melinda Bargreen Everett, Wash. the border today. I would, however, appreciate you not as- Dear Jon, Terje Birkedal Anchorage, I much admire the Norwegian cul- suming you know what I think on various top- Yes, it was a more offensive issue than M. Michael Brady Asker, Norway David Burke Skoppum, Norway ture and would welcome laws that prohibit ics. I’d love for taxes to be a matter of public usual. I left those words in Arvind Dilawar’s Daughters of Norway Members Various homelessness and panhandling, and make record, for one thing. And as for legally pro- story because it is fiction. I always tread Gary G. Erickson Sunburg, Minn. income-tax records public. Unfortunately, hibiting homelessness... personally, I’d rather Rasmus Falck Oslo, Norway more lightly on works of fiction, as they are Christy Olsen Field Seattle, Wash. leftists like you would consider that uncon- solve homelessness. If it were illegal to be artistic expressions by their authors. Sunny Gandara Beacon, N.Y. stitutional. homeless, those who are homeless now would Unless offensive language is used in Heidi Håvan Grosch Sparbu, Norway Sincerely, newsworthy situations, the only pages you’ll Rosalie Grangaard Grosch Arden Hills, Minn. not magically find a place to live. What would Kari Heistad Edina, Minn. Carl Pedersen you have us do with them? Fine them? That’s find it on are Fiction and occasionally Norsk Victoria Hofmo Brooklyn, N.Y. Highlands, N.J. absurd. But that’s just my opinion. Språk–we mustn’t leave out any aspects of Leslee Lane Hoyum Rockford, Minn. Sincerely, language in our quest to learn! Roy Jorgensen Hopewell Junction, N.Y Ilan Kelman Agder, Norway Emily C. Skaftun (writing as herself Sincerely, Scott Larsen New Westminster, B.C. and not as Editor-in-chief) Editor Thor A. Larsen Fishkill, N.Y. Solveig M. Lee Seattle, Wash. Richard Londgren Thousand Oaks, Calif. Donald V. Mehus New York, N.Y. kari Hammon Seattle WA 19. februar Christine Foster Meloni Washington, D.C. laura Hanson Seattle WA anna alquist Santa Cruz CA David Moe Sun City, Calif. loren krusenstjerna Edmonds WA Berdines Froyland Sauda Norway Maria Stordahl Nelson Seattle, Wash. martha Halseth Outlook Sask Canada David Nikel , Norway Ken Nordan Batavia, Ill. 14. februar Florence Johnson Running Springs CA Mona Anita K. Olsen Ithaca, N.Y. Chuck latourette Monterey CA agnes larson Porterville CA Barbara K. Rostad Coeur d’ Alene, Idaho lawrence Piontak Little Falls MN Greg Seaman New York NY John Erik Stacy Seattle, Wash. Justin Sund Olympia WA Rolf Kristian Stang New York, N.Y. Judith Gabriel Vinje Los Angeles, Calif. 15. februar kari megan Virding Tigard OR Dianna Walla Tromsø, Norway 9. februar alfred anderson Minot ND Judith Wood South Colby WA Linda Warren Washington, D.C. magna Garstad Edmonton AB Canada inger ramsfjell Haave Hanford CA Jo Christian Weldingh Oslo, Norway liv Hallin Medicine Hat AB Canada marie Hanson Glenwood MN 20. februar The Norwegian American strives to make its allen mark Herset Kalispell MT mrs. lowell leach Ada OK mikael Hoem Kristiansund Norway news report fair and accurate. If you have a ques- olav Jentoft Tucson AZ/Haugesund NY rand knute robbin Bigfork MT Halstein morken Ålen Norway tion or comment about news coverage call (206) donald V. mehus New York NY Clarence o. Steen Bottineau ND rev. Joel C. rolf Radcliffe IA 784-4617. • The Norwegian American reserves mrs. alfred Smemo Eau Claire WI Sue Waldrop Lynnwood WA mike Sevig Minneapolis MN the right to edit any and all submissions for style, grammar, accuracy, and/or space, and the right not to print submissions deemed libelous, in poor 10. februar 16. februar 21. februar taste, or not suited for publication in this newspa- per. • The opinions expressed by opinion writers laila Berg Portland OR liz Gjellstad Minot ND lisa Chavez Goleta CA The olaf Enger Coeur d’Alene ID odin Gjellstad Minot ND karen marie Hicks Custer WA and letter writers are not necessarily those of Norwegian American, and our publication of those ragna aas lichtwarck Svolvær Norway Bertha Haukaas Sveio Norway marie anne rinell Oak Harbor WA views is not an endorsement of them. Comments, George Solheim Drake CO tore B. Heskestad Carmel NY Hm king Harald V Oslo Norway suggestions, and complaints about the opinions mrs. John kjelden Hendricks MN expressed by the paper’s editorials should be directed to the editor-in-chief. •The Norwegian 11. februar mrs. J. B. kvinlog Volga SD 22. februar American (USPS 679-840) (ISSN 2473-1293) is Einar Brekken Biri Norway norma lind IL karen Bendixen Boyd Olympia WA published every other week except the first issue Elaine Christianson Sidney MT inga Fritzen-Buan Harestua Norway in August by Norwegian American Weekly, INC. Vicki a. nelson Edmonds WA 17. februar mrs. axel Gidlof Los Angeles CA 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline WA 98155 • Periodicals postage paid at Seattle, Wash. and astrid Sørdahl Anaheim CA Per-Erik dyrvik New Canaan CT Elisabeth Grambo Seattle WA at additional mailing offices. • POSTMASTER: Scott Gehsmann Morristown NJ Please send address changes to The Norwegian 12. februar olga Hinderlie Sveio Norway 23. februar American, 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline WA 98155 • Annual Subscription Cost: US $70 Bobbie Gosnell Pawnee OK ida t. 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Want to see your birthday in The Norwegian American? Email [email protected] or call (206) 784-4617. NORWEGIAN AMERICAN WEEKLY, INC. Must be submitted one month in advance to guarantee placement. NB: Has someone on our birthday list passed away? Please notify us! the american 10 • February 9, 2018 Norway near you NorwegiaN What’s going on in your neighborhood? Calendar of Events CALIFORNIA MINNESOTA Northern Voices Unite! A Norwegian Boys’ Choir engaging tales. The event is free and open to Norwegian Club of San Francisco 120th Anni- Persistence of Vision Concert the public. More info: www.scanheritage.org/ versary Ladies & Gentlemen Gala now-March 25 Feb. 28, 7 p.m. friday-night-lecture-series. Feb. 24, 6-11 p.m. Minneapolis Staten Island Sausalito Minnesota artist Bettye Olson is featured in an Experience the exhuberant, wondrous sounds of VIRGINIA Cocktails begin at 6:30 p.m., followed by din- exhibit that includes works from the recent pub- the Vingrom Church Boys’ Choir conducted by Car- Antarctic Exploration ner at 7:30 p.m. at the Spinnaker Restaurant, lication Persistence of Vision: The Art of Bettye ol and Thor Kvande at New Dorp Moravian Church, Feb. 17, 5 p.m. 100 Spinnaker Dr. A gourmet menu includes Olson by Julie L’Enfant and Jaden Hansen, pub- 2205 Richmond Rd. This special event features Fairfax three options: petrale sole, ribeye steak, or alished by Afton Press. Olson’s work is on displayItalian tenor Michéal Costaldo, an award-winning The Sons of Norway Lodge, 3846 Fairfax vegetarian entree. The cost is $120 per per- in the lobby and kaffebar at Norway House, 913singer/songwriter, producer, and entrepreneur Dr., will initiate their diamond anniversary son, members and guests welcome, black tieE. Franklin Ave., 9 a.m.-5 p.m. weekdays, 9 a.m.-3 from New York City, together with Andrew Kay, speaker series with a talk by NASA scientist optional. Reservations with payment must be p.m. weekends. More info: www.norwayhouse. Dylan Sauerwald, and the New Dorp Moravian Robert “Bob” Benson, “Man’s First Winter at made by Feb. 19 at www.norwegianclub.org/ org/calendar/exhibits/2018/persistenceofvision. Children’s Choir. Tickets are $20 for adults and the Geographic South Pole (61 years ago) and event-2749758/Registration. $15 for youth, and are available at www.newdorp- the Connection to the Three Great Norwegian Norway and the United States: Partners in the moravian.org. More info: (718) 351-0090. Explorers,” with a discussion of Roald Amund- Polar Region sen, Fridtjof Nansen, and Kristian Birkeland. now-March 25 NORTH DAKOTA There will be a potluck dinner at 5 p.m., fol- Valentine Fish Fry Feb. 17, 3-5 p.m. Minneapolis Thor Lodge Social lowed by the program. For directions, visit Feb. 19, 6:30 p.m. Colorado Springs Visit this rotating exhibit in the Coltvet Room at www.norwaydc.org/directions. Minot Join the Sons of Norway Fjellheim Lodge at Norway House celebrating more than a century of Viking Hall, 1045 Ford St., for a special Valen- collaboration and joint exploration between Nor- Members, please wear your Norwegian sweaters WASHINGTON way and the United States. This is a Fram Museum to the monthly social at Minot Sons of Norway Winter Light: The Films of Ingmar Bergman tine dinner. Menu plans include walleye, baked Thor Lodge No. 67 at the Scandinavian Heritage potato, homemade coleslaw, fresh baked buns, exhibition courtesy of the Royal Norwegian Em- now-March 15 bassy. Open daily at 913 E. Franklin Ave. More info: Park at 1020 S. Broadway St. The evening’s pro- Seattle and dessert. More info: www.facebook.com/ gram will be a discussion the history and symbol- events/140376463345717 or RSVP (719) 229- www.norwayhouse.org/calendar/exhibits/2018 The Seattle Art Museum teams up with the ism of your own sweaters. The always popular 9289. partnersinthepolarregion. Nordic Heritage Museum to celebrate the “Burning Love” with all the fixings will be served,centennial of master Swedish writer-director FLORIDA In Play: Exploring the Active Lifestyle of Norway and attendees are asked to bring a small dessertIngmar Bergman’s birth. All nine films in the now-March 25 or drink to share. More info: (701) 837-0111. series are in Swedish with English subtitles. Scandinavian Worship Service Minneapolis, Minn. March 11, 5 p.m. The cost for the entire series is $71 for NHM Come to Norway House to explore the traditions OHIO and SAM members, $78 for general admission. Naples of Norway’s outdoor lifestyle. Learn about the Third Saturday Coffee Hour Thursdays at 7:30 p.m. at SAM, 1300 First Ave. Take part in a Scandianvian worship service in history and modern spirit of favorite Norwegian Norwegian, Swedish, and English at Christus Feb. 17, 2-4 p.m. A limited number of single-film tickets for $9 past times including activities from skiing, hiking, Victor Lutheran Church, 15600 N. Tamiami Rocky River may be available on the day of the show. More polar exploring, and games. Open daily at 913 E. Join the Ohio Norsemen for Norsk camraderie and info: www.nordicmuseum.org/events/145634. Trail (US41). Meet your friends afterwards inFranklin at Ave. More info: www.norwayhouse.org/ Kirkekaffen; extra goodies to share are always coffee at Panera Bread on Center Ridge Rd. More calendar/exhibits/2018/inplay. Ibsen in Chicago: A Seattle Repertory Theatre welcome. More info: (239) 597-1043. info: (440) 979-0681. Production Arctic Discussion Series: Sven Sundgaard now-March 4, 2 or 7:30 p.m. IOWA Feb. 14, 1:30 a.m.-1 p.m. OREGON Seattle Koselig Exhibit Minneapolis Polar Opposites: Amundsen, Scott, and the Race In 1882, an unlikely ensemble of scrappy Scan- now-April 22 Meet climate expert Sven Sundgaard at Norway for the South Pole dinavian immigrants converges to put on a play Decorah House, 913 E. Franklin Ave., as he discusses why Feb. 23, 7 p.m. in Boomtown Chicago. As this ragtag group Come get koselig with Vesterheim at 520 W. the planet’s Arctic and Antarctic are particularly Portland of new Americans rehearse a controversial The Portland Story Theater presents Lawrence Water St. in a series of immersive “living room” vulnerable to changes in the delicate climate new play written by their fellow countryman Howard, Armchair Adventurer. The play recounts environments and learn about this uniquely balance. Sundgaard is a meteorologist at KARE Henrik Ibsen, their various enmities and- mis Scandinavian way of life. More info: www.11 with a passion for the environment and the the tragic events that played out on the frozen understandings take on vaudevillian propor- vesterheim.org/exhibitions/special/koselig. climate. Tickets are free for Norway House mem- continent more than 100 years ago, as Roald tions. Buy tickets at www.seattlerep.org/Buy/ - bers and $10 for guests, available online at www. Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott vied for pri Tickets/Production/6389. Museum Members macy at the Pole. Sponsored by Sons of Norway Rocks and Hard Places: Emigration Through eventbrite.com/e/arctic-discussion-series-sven- receive 15 percent off tickets with the promo the Lens of Knud Knudsen sundgaard-tickets-42795076225. Grieg Lodge, with tickets $15 in advance, and $18 code “NORDIC” at www.seattlerep.org/pro- at the door at 111 N.E. 11th Ave., this two-hour now-Sept. 23 mo/NORDIC. Decorah Vinterfest Barneløpet production is intended for an audience age 17 Come to Vesterheim for an exciting new ex- Feb. 17, 1-4 p.m. and older. Showtime is at 7 p.m. Norse Hall’s Oslo Nordiska Folkdancers hibit that explores emigration through first- Vining Lounge opens at 5:30 p.m. for a light supper avail- Feb. 17, noon person accounts, family histories, and the The Leif Erikson Sons of Norway Lodge 032 hosts able for $3. To book theater tickets online, visit Coupeville stunning black-and-white photography of its annual free Vinterfest Barneløpet at the Linda www.norsehall.org/arctic, and contact Kristine Join the Sons of Norway Whidbey Island Nordic Knud Knudsen. More info: www.vesterheim.& Dave Simpkins farm at 17363 495th Avenue. Skis Crompton at [email protected] to at- Lodge at Nordic Hall, 63 Jacobs Rd., for a special org/exhibitions/special/knudsen. and snowshoes will be available as well as Norwe- tend the supper. performance by the Nordiska Folkdancers of gian treats. Instructors will be on hand at 2 p.m. Seattle. Enjoy their colorful Scandinavian folk Winter Workship & Concert: Gangspil Spoons: Carving. Community. costumes and see an authentic peformance Feb. 24 now-Nov. 4 of traditional folk dances. The event is open to NEW YORK Portland Decorah the public with a requested $10 donation. The Experimental Self: Munch’s Photography Come for a full day of music at Nordia House, Vesterheim’s Spoons: Carving. Community. now-Apr. 7 captures the spirit of this recent movement, 8800 S.W. Oleson Rd. There will be a musician Norse Home Sunday Brunch Buffet New York workshop during the day, followed by an evening showcasing historic and modern examples of This series of photographs, films, and prints Feb. 18, 9:30 a.m. - 1 p.m. spoons carved in wood and horn. At Vester- performance with live music and dancing. Son- by Edvard Munch emphasizes the artist’s ex- Seattle heim Museum, 520 W. Water St. More info: nich Lydom (accordion, harmonica) and Kristian Join residents, friends, and family for tradition- perimentalism, examining his exploration of Bugge (fiddle) will perform tunes and songs from www.vesterheim.org/exhibitions/special/ the camera as an expressive medium. On view al Swedish pancakes and other delicious break- spoons. Denmark, spiced up with humor and stories, and fast foods at 5311 Phinney Ave. N. in the main at Scandinavia House: The Nordic Center in Norwegian guitarist Vidar Skrede will delight his America, Tuesday through Saturday from noon dining room. There is no cost for residents, audience with traditional folk melodies. Work- and guests are $17 for adults and $12 for se- MARYLAND to 6 p.m., and on Wednesdays until 7 p.m., with shop prices are $20 for adults, and $10 for stu- NRC’s Role in the Global Refugee Crisis niors, with kids 12 and under free. More info: a guided gallery tour at 5:30 p.m. More info: dents and seniors. Concert tickets are $20 for Feb. 19, 8 p.m. www.scandinaviahouse.org. www.norsehome.org/community/upcoming- members, and $25 for non-members. More info: events/ or call (206) 781-7400. Chevy Chase, Md. www.scanheritage.org/upcoming-events. Join the American Scandinavian Association of Fastelavn Mardi Gras Feb. 22, 2-6 p.m Vinterjazz the National Capital Area at St. John’s Church, Trolls: Reality, Myth, or Cultural Icons? Wisconsin Ave. & Bradley Blvd., for a lecture by Brooklyn March 2, 7 p.m. March 2, 7:30 p.m. Coupeville Joel Charny, Director of the Washington office The Scandinavian East Coast Museum and the Portland of the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC). Top- Sons of Norway Brooklyn Lodge invities all -Nor The Sons of Norway Whidbey Island Nordic Join storyteller Barbara Fankhauser at Room 171 Lodge at Nordic Hall, 63 Jacobs Road, invites ics include: the role of NRC; the global situation dics to their Annual Fastelavn Mardi Gras at 444 Cramer Hall at Portland State University, 1825 you to their spring concert with the Oak Har- for refugees and people displaced within their Ovington Ave. Decorate branches for the return S.W. Broadway, for a lighthearted look at a very own countries; the challenges of responding to of spring, eat delicious Fastelavn buns, and play bor High School Jazz Band. More info: whid- dark topic: Trolls. Barbara will explore the lore of [email protected]. the situation with the rise of nativist political games to the live music of Ellen Lindstrom. All in- trolls in Scandinavian myths and culture, sharing movements and attitudes; and the life-saving clusive price: $35 for adults, $20 for those 7-17, work of the NRC, with a focus on the Middle and $15 for those 6 and under. Reservations and East and Africa. more info: (718) 748-5950. Send your event to [email protected] or call (206) 784-4617 to be added to The Norwegian American! Check www.norwegianamerican.com/events for complete listings Event listings are free, but space is limited. Please contact us at least one month before event. theNorwegiaNamerican Norway near you February 9, 2018 • 11 Saying farewell to a beloved building Seattle’s Nordic Heritage Museum upgrades its space, but the old digs will be missed

eric sTaVNey Seattle

After nearly 40 years, the Nordic Heri- tage Museum closed one set of doors after Yulefest last November. The museum first opened in the old Daniel Webster School on 30th Avenue and N.W. 67th in Ballard in 1980, and it was a perfect setting for a his- tory museum. Especially because I have a personal connection to it. There were first some temporary build- ings at that location in the early 1900s, com- prising Bay View School. Then construction began on a more permanent structure, the beautiful old brick building we have today that opened 110 years ago—in January 1908. Two months later, the school was named after Daniel Webster, the great American statesman. The school had a steady enroll- ment of 400 to 500 students through the 1920s, and included some immigrant chil- dren who could not yet speak English. Among the students from around 1910- 1920 were my grandfather Luthard and his brothers and sisters, Evelyn, Dagna, Valborg, Waldemar, and Gerhard Stavney. That’s Photos: Eric Stavney why it’s always been special to me to walk The home of the Nordic Heri- tage Museum since 1980 will the wood-floor halls of the Nordic Heritage soon be back in use as an el- Museum, up and down the old creaky stair- ementary school again, with cases, and marvel at the steam radiators that new generations of Ballard elementary schools had even in my day. Just residents enjoying its hardwood before they closed in November, I got a peek stairs—though presumably not into the boiler room in Webster and saw what the boiler room. must have been the original Kewanee Type C boilers from when the school opened. Pipes and valves bristled from the two giant green loaves of bread with black doors. Daniel Webster School closed in 1979 and suffered a roof fire but was repaired by the Pacific Nordic Council. Soon after it opened in 1980, I brought in a 15-foot Christmas tree into what I guess the Nordic Heritage Museum called the meeting room or auditorium... but it’s always been the lunchroom for me, a room with a performance stage like many elementary and middle schools have today. I had rented the auditorium for the University of Washington Norwegian Club to host a traditional, classic Norwegian Christmas party, even though I those stores, as if they were street vendors in renovate it into a modern school to open fall and the halls and stairs of the second and never had one growing up. Some of the older old Norway. For some reason, Santa pictures 2020. I hear they’ll even preserve the exte- third floors—the best parts. Now I just have students—the ones older than 21—made were always taken in the inner-city tenement rior brickwork, the auditorium (lunchroom), to figure out a legitimate reason to visit. gløgg in the kitchen, and I learned how to exhibit, which I found amusing. fold woven heart baskets for the tree. That I’m going to miss the fishing exhibit, Christmas was the first time I ever dancedbut especially the logging exhibit. A record- < inEquality ing with a guy singing the classic, “Logger around a Christmas tree. From page 3 Through the ensuing years, I’ve enjoyed Lover” as you wandered among the saw- concerts, plays, many traveling exhibitions, blades and sharpening shack was nostalgic in by Øystein Kløvstad Lang, downloadable senior researcher Rolf Aaberge reflected Viking days, and crowded Yulefests. I went the extreme. I’ll miss all the rooms devoted at www.aftenposten.no/verden/i/5VnGL6/ pride in the Scandinavian welfare-state mod- to my first of these in the lunchroom with my to Norway, Finland, Denmark, and Sweden. Mens-forskjellene-skyter-i-varet-i-USA_- el by observing (in translation) that: “Eco- classmate, Kari. And These exhibits were in the second- and third- klarer-mange-land-i-Europa-a-holde- nomic growth is not itself a goal. One might now here I am on the Scandinavian Hour, floor classrooms of the school, where the igjen-Ikke-alle-tror-det-vil-vare. wonder what’s the point of it if growth ben- hosted for many years by Svein Gilje, from lessons became Immigrant History instead In that coverage, Statistics Norway efits only a small group of wealthy people.” whom Doug and Ron eventually took over of the three Rs. the program. Unless I’ve done my home- Now the museum has moved out—but work wrong, my friend Kari Gilje is Svein is far from gone. It’s moving into a beautiful Gilje’s daughter. It’s a small world indeed, new building on Market Street, set to open The Scandinavian Hour especially among us Scandinavians. May 5. And the museum continues to hold Celebrating over 50 years on the air! I’m going to miss the immigrant’s jour- events in the Seattle community in the mean- ney—the Dream of America exhibit with old time, from Nordic Story hours to film festi - KKNW – 1150 AM farm houses, shops, and a ship deck with a vals and other performances. creaking soundtrack that made you feel you I’ve been afraid to ask about the fu- Saturdays 9 – 10 a.m. PST were really aboard. The old storefronts and ture of Webster School, having feared the the cobblestone alley where Scandinavian im- worst—the wrecking ball. But Eric Nelson, Streaming live on the internet at: migrants gathered. I loved how the vendors at the museum’s director, told me Seattle Pub- www.1150kknw.com the yulefests set up right in the doorways of lic Schools is taking it back again and will the american 12 • February 9, 2018 Norwegian Heritage NorwegiaN

Long-distance ski trekking: In Loving Memory Do you have a loved one or friend who has recently passed? Norway can boast Contact us at (206) 784-4617 or [email protected] to place an obituary. Solveig Christiansen two haute routes May 12, 1932 – January 1, 2018 Solveig Christian- She worked for many years sen, a longtime Bea- as a seamstress for Beacon con, N.Y., resident, Looms. She was a dedicat- died on Monday, Jan. 1, ed member of the Fishkill 2018, at Vassar Broth- Baptist Church and volun- ers Medical Center in teered and participated in Poughkeepsie, N.Y. many of the church’s com- She was 85. munity-outreach programs. Daughter of the Solveig was a selfless per- late Harold and Agnes son who was always con- (Andersen) Huse, she cerned about the welfare of was born in Bergen, others and never hesitated Norway, on May 12, to help those in need. 1932. For many years, She was predeceased Solveig worked aboard by her husband, Stanley. in ships and assisted with 1992. passenger services. Survivors include It was during this time that she met her her son, Sven Christiansen, of Fishkill; her co-worker and future husband, Magnus daughter, Linda Brown (Donnie), of Kings- Stanley Christiansen. Through their em- ton; her granddaughter, Melissa Lauger; and ployment, they traveled across the globe. her great-granddaughters, Kassandra and Photo: randolf Valle / aftenposten a-magasinet During one stop-over in the United States, Brooke. She is also survived by her sister, Skiing downhill towards Langfjordhamn along Finnmark’s haute route. they were married in Brooklyn, N.Y. Sigfried, and aunt, Elvina, both in Norway. In 1957, Solveig emigrated from In addition to her husband and parents, m. micHael Brady Norway to the U.S. and settled in Beacon, Solveig was also predeceased by her brother, where she and Stanley raised their family. Kurt. Asker, Norway

The Haute Route (literally “High Toubkal, the highest peak in the Atlas Moun- Route”) is the classic of mountaineering tra- tains of North Africa. Notable Norwegians verses through the Alps. It was first hiked The second, Haute Route Finnmark, is and climbed by English mountaineers in the shorter than the trans-Jotunheimen Haute With David Moe mid-18th century and first skied in 1911 by Route. But, to date, it has the distinction of French ski mountaineers. Today it normally being the only Haute Route in the Arctic, at takes 12 days on foot or seven days on skis, the northern tip of Norway, between four Charles J. Pedersen was born the Society of Mary. There he re- from Chamonix at the foot of the Mont Blanc fishing villages on the Barents Sea,- Bergs Oct. 3, 1904, in Pusan, Korea. His ceived his bachelor’s degree in chemi- massif in France to Zermatt in , fjord, Nuvsvåg, Langfjordhamn, and Sør father, Brede Pedersen, was a Nor- cal engineering and then went to the with its iconic view of the Matterhorn on the Tverrfjord. This is a rugged, sparsely popu- wegian marine engineer who had left Massachusetts Institute of Technol- Italian border, said to be Europe’s most pho- lated coast. Bergsfjord, the starting point of home employed on a steam freighter ogy, where he received his master’s tographed mountain. the three-day trip, has a population of 120. that ended up in degree in organic Around the world, there now are many Nuvsvåg, a center for extreme skiing, has Korea, where he chemistry. haute route namesakes, some shorter and a population of 70. Here skiing, uphill and joined the Korean In 1927, he was some at lower elevation, but each through down, is through untracked snow. customs service. employed by the Du scenery as spectacular as that of the origi- He later became a Pont Company of M. Michael Brady was edu- nal. In Norway there are now two. The first, mechanical engi- Willmington, Del., cated as a scientist and, Høgruta Jotunheimen (Haute Route Jotun- neer at the Unsan and ended up in re- heimen) from Gjendesheim via four other with time, turned to writing and translating. Mines. His mother, search at Jackson mountain lodges to Krossbu through the Takino Yasui, was Laboratory, where Jotunheimen range of south central Nor- born in Japan. She he remained a re- way, was first skied in 2012 by Norwegians had moved to Ko- search chemist for who had been inspired by extreme skiing on rea with her fam- 42 years. In 1987, ily who lived near Pedersen received the Unsan Mines, the Nobel Prize in Community Connections where his mother Chemistry “for the and father met. The Photo: nobelprize.org development and Unsan Mines were Charles J. Pedersen. use of molecules Happy birthday, an American gold with structure-spe- and lumber concession, so he learned cific interactions of high selectivity.” engagement, birth, English as a child. When Pedersen He retired from Du Pont in 1969 and was 8 years old, he was sent to Naga- spent his retirement years pursuing saki, Japan, to attend a convent school his interest in fishing, gardening, bird family reunion, etc! and at 10 his mother took him to Yo- study, and poetry. He died in 1989. kohama to begin studies at St. Joseph College, a preparatory school run by a David Moe was born in Minneso- Your name and Roman Catholic religious order called ta, graduated from UM, Morris, in message here! the Society of Mary. 1964, and received his M.A. from San When it came time to attend a Francisco State University in 1975. university, his father encouraged him He spent four years in the Navy and For more information, call to attend the University of Dayton 32 years in the insurance business. us at (206) 784-4617 or email in Ohio, because he had family and He and his wife, Thordis, have two [email protected]. friends there, and it was also run by daughters and four grandchildren. the american NorwegiaN Norwegian Heritage February 9, 2018 • 13 Genealogy Detective A monthly column putting people in touch with their Norwegian roots by Liv Marit Haakenstad + Kathy Anderson

Welcome to Genealogy Detective! Our both lived at Ysti. The 1891 census lists first inquiry comes from Ruth Ertzgard Dod- Sigurd’s father, John Petersen, as “hus- son, who writes: “I read with interest in The mann uten jord,” a cotter without land, Norwegian American about your upcoming which means he was working at the Erts- column regarding Norwegian heritage. I gaard farm, but not able to grow his own look forward to reading it, and I would love food to support his family. Our team con- to be considered one of your subjects. A few tinued searching earlier church records years back, I learned that one of the Eids- from Stjørdal and published records from vollsmen was Peter Johnsen Ertzgaard, who local farm histories tracing back four is possibly in my family tree.” Ruth contin- generations to collect and confirm more ues to write that her grandfather was Sigurd information. Martin Ertzgard, born in Stjørdal, Norway In 2014, Norway held a celebration (1893-1965). His father was Johan Peter for the 200-year anniversary of the es- Ertzgard, whom she believes also lived his tablishment of the Norwegian constitu- < namES life in the Stjørdal area. tion. Before the jubilee, The Norwegian From page 3 A National Assembly gathered in Eids- Genealogical Society (Norsk Slekts- voll, , Norway, on April 10, 1814, historisk Forening) published a book, William, which has been the top choice There have been a lot of Oscars at the day- to begin writing a constitution. On the 17th Eidsvollsmennene—Hvem var de?, with for boys for a number of years, dropped all care in the last 10 years, the same for Lucas,” of May, 1814, 112 representatives ratified a biographical information for each of the the way down to sixth on the 2017 list. Espen Verlo told NRK. final document that liberated Norway from 112 men, including overviews of Lukas and Emil join Jakob in complet- the rule of Sweden. Ruth is wondering if their ancestors and descendants. Review- ing the top three. top 10 norwegian names in 2017: Peter Johnsen Ertzgard (Ertsgaard, 1784- ing information for constitution signer The most common name also varies ac- Girls: 1848), from Stjørdal, Trøndelag, Norway, Peter Johnsen Ertzgaard (1784-1848), we cording to regional district, Statistics Nor- 1. Sofie/Sophie and one of the signers of this constitution, is found he was born at the Ertsgaard farm. way writes. 2. Nora/Norah part of her family tree. He was a member of the court, a Senior “Even though Jakob is the most popu- 3. Emma Our team began by researching Ruth’s Petty Officer, Assistant Mayor and lord, lar name overall in Norway, Hordaland and 4. Sara/Sahra/Sarah/Zara grandfather. Through emigration records, we or foreman, of the farm, at various times Troms are the only districts in which it is top 5. Ella found that Sigurd Martin Johnsen Ertsgaard, during his life. He resided at Ertsgaard of the list,” Ouren said. 6. Olivia born in 1893, was a hired hand and resided at a time much earlier than when Ruth’s Mohammed in its various forms of Lati- 7. Maja/Maia/Maya in Stjørdal. He left Trondheim for the United family came to the farm (between 1886 nized spelling is top of the list in Oslo, as 8. Emilie States on June 19, 1912. In the Stjørdal cen- and 1891). Although there are many simi- it has been for a number of years. This re- 9. Sofia/Sophia sus of 1910, we found him working at the larities in the names and geographical lo- flects the relatively high proportion of people 10. Ingrid/Ingerid/Ingri Brenna øvre vestre farm. According to the cations of the two families, we are sorry with minority backgrounds in the capital as same 1910 census, his parents, John Petersen to report that we could not find a familial well as the particularly high incidence of that Boys: Ertsgaardsnæs and Sigri Andersdatter, with connection. name within those demographics. 1. Jakob/Jacob children, live at Ertsgaardsnes. Sofia—with an a—is the most popular 2. Lucas/Lukas Next we turned to the church records girl’s name in Oslo, while overall Norwegian 3. Emil Liv Marit Haakenstad for Nedre Stjørdal and confirmed the birth of first choice Sofie—with an e—languishes in 4. Oskar/Oscar Sigurd Martin, born July 30, 1893, and bap- has been doing geneal- 20th place, a result “we do not have a good 5. Oliver tized Sept. 17, 1893, the son of tenant farmer ogy research for more explanation for,” writes Statistics Norway. 6. William Jon Pettersen and his wife, Sigrid Andersdat- than 30 years. She is A caregiver at an Oslo daycare center 7. Filip/Fillip/Philip/Phillip now working on her ter, who were living on the Ertsgaard farm. told NRK that the names appearing in the 8. Noah/Noa master’s thesis in non- Continuing with the Stjørdal church records, 9. Elias fiction writing. She has annual statistics were reflected in children we found Jon and Sigrid’s marriage on May published several books attending the center. 10. Isak/Isaac/Isac 7, 1886, when they were both servants at the on Norwegian emigration and genealogy, and “There are a lot of Sofies and Mathildes. Ydsti farm. Jon’s father is cotter Petter Jon- dozens of articles. She is a frequent contribu- sen; Sigrid’s father is cotter Anders Peder- tor to the research staff of the Who Do You sen. Think You Are? television show. Many of her Sigurd Martin Johnsen Ertsgaard’s par- distant relatives immigrated to the United ents must have come to the Ertsgaard farm States and Canada, including several who after their marriage in May 1886, when they settled in Wisconsin and Minnesota.

Photo: Public domain Was one of Ruth Ertzgard Dodson’s relatives at Eidsvoll? images: Statistics norway (SSB) the american 14 • February 9, 2018 Travel NorwegiaN Learn to love Canadian winter wilderness comes alive in the snow with many opportunities to play

maureeN liTTleJoHN Toronto, Canada

Nowhere in Canada do people embrace winter as much as in Quebec. “La belle prov- ince” sparkles in the cold. Don’t let winter get the better of you. Do like Quebecers and you’ll start to love those icy flakes. For those of us who have an inclination to hibernate, we can learn a few tips from the Québécois on the best ways to enjoy this magical sea- son. In the regions of Mauricie and Lan- audière, a two-hour drive northeast of , many miles of wilderness and a good number of luxury resorts offer winter activities to keep the blood moving. Guests at Auberge Lac Taureau (lactaureau.com), situated on a penin- sula bordering Lac Taureau Regional Park, bundle up for snowmobile rides through the snowy forest or lace up ice skates for a turn on the rink in front of the hotel. An indoor pool offers the per- Photos: (above & bottom) Jimmy Vigneux, (left) michel Julien fect way to relax after a bracing day. Above: Ice fishing at Domaine Bazinet. Winter is a good time to visit a Left: The dogs at Hotel Sacacomie are excited to take you for a glide woodsy log resort for other outdoor along forest paths. activities, including snowshoeing, dog- Bottom: Auberge du Vieux Moulin offers a number of winter activities, including snowmobiling. sledding, cross-country skiing, and horse-drawn sleigh rides. Overlooking a majestic lake with a shoreline extend- ing for more than 26 miles, Hotel Saca- comie (sacacomie.com) draws visitors of our syrup is sold to the Chinese,” explains from around the world who want to Kevin. experience the season’s frozen beauty. Ice fishing—catching fish through an Breathe in the crisp, pine-scented air. Listen opening in the ice using “tip-ups” or dan- to the crunch of the snow and marvel at the dles—is another winter pastime. Domaine dogs that bark happily, only too glad to take Bazinet (domainebazinet.com) offers it all: you for a glide along the frosted forest paths. heated huts, drilled holes, and dandles on its After a nippy day, get toasty in front of the trout-filled lake. The property has 25- cab huge fireplace in the lobby with a mug of ins, many with wood-burning stoves, and hot chocolate, or warm up in the GEOS Spa you can rent snowshoes if you want to take Sacacomie, an outdoor spa with hot thermal a walk in the woods. When hunger pangs pools, sauna, and steam bath. The hotel’s res- hit, try the lodge’s specialty, smoked trout, taurant features many locally sourced dishes, which comes in a variety of dishes including including duck, venison, bison, and lamb to salads, pizza, and pasta. fortify you against the cold, especially when Heading back to Montreal, complete paired with Quebec wines. Don’t forget to your trip with a stop at Chez Dany in Trois- try Canadian sugar pie with fresh cream for Rivières (cabanechezdany.com). The all- dessert. you-can-eat menu includes delicious pea Quebecers are proud of their gastrono- soup, meat pie, grilled salt pork, maple ham, my. At Auberge du Vieux Moulin (auberge- pickled beets, fluffy maple pancakes, and lanaudiere.com) owner Yves Marcoux helms elk, Beau and Belle, and spotted deer, all bubbles with maple sap as it transforms into maple taffy on snow. Warm and friendly, the kitchen, creating mouth-watering dishes, housed in a fenced off area behind the au- liquid gold—maple syrup. Maple syrup is the restaurant is known for its rollicking live while his wife Sylvie serves guests in the berge. Guests can rent snowmobiles, go in many items on the menu, plus delicious Quebecois music. 110-person dining room. Their son Kevin snow tubing down an outdoor slide, or swim homemade maple butter is served with toast manages the rustic family-owned property in the heated, indoor pool. From mid-March at breakfast. “Quebec is the biggest producer Maureen Littlejohn is a Canadian travel writ- and is happy to show guests their resident to mid-April, the auberge’s sugar shack of maple syrup in the world, and 25 percent er and Executive Editor of Culture Magazine. WOODEN SPOON Where in Norway? SCANDINAVIAN SHOP 1617 K Avenue, Plano, TX 75074 • (972) 424-6867 How well do you know Norway? Match this photo to its location and email your VALENTINE SPECIAL answer to naw@na-weekly. com. Correct answers will Five-o-Hearts Waffle iron be entered to win one free with your choice ofLunds or month’s subscription! Toro Mix, $72 + shipping Photo: Jan-Tore Egge / Wikimedia Offer expires 03/31/18 Have a photo for “Where in Norway?” Submit it to naw@na- weekly.com! [email protected] • www.woodenspoon.ws theNorwegiaNamerican Travel February 9, 2018 • 15 Visiting the Games: Korea blends modernity and tradition

cyNTHia elyce ruBiN The Norwegian American

You may miss attending the 2018 Win- ter Olympics, but Korea—also referred to as South Korea or the Republic of Korea— offers a dazzling range of experiences and landscapes available at any time of the year. It has not been a high-ranking tourist destina- tion for Americans, but I have a feeling this is going to change. Perhaps apathy springs from the troubled history of the Korean War that left two distinct Koreas in 1953, now separated by the Demilitarized Zone. North Korea is a secret land held back by its own brand of hero worship; South Korea is a liv- ing example of hard work and inventiveness. In addition, custom and tradition reside side by side, allowing the tourist a window into Korea’s distinctive culture. Modernity hits you smack in the face immediately upon arrival at Incheon Inter- national Airport, opened in 2001 and gate- way to Seoul, named by CNN “the world’s greatest city.” Incheon is the largest airport in South Korea and, since 2005, the Airports Council International has rated it every year as the best airport worldwide. Filled with a wealth of culture and art throughout the Photos: (above) Jeon Hyeongjun / korea tourist organization, (right) kim Jiho / year, it boasts fascinating and impressive korea tourist organization performances to entertain tourists every day. Above: The changing of the royal guard at Gung- There’s music, dance, and art exhibitions. seongmun, the royal gate, is a daily spectacle. For those who want even more, check out Right: An overview of Seoul, a city that is both the Korean Culture Experience Center with looking to the future and protecting the past. craft classes and costume programs, all of- fered to international tourists free of charge. For nature lovers, different gardens offer Seoul is home to five impressive palaces, all a chance of relaxation and rejuvenation after worth exploring. Gyeongbokgung, the larg- a long trip. The Pine Tree Garden, an oasis est of these, built in 1395, is the granddaddy of calm permeated with the refreshing scent of them all. Its name means “Palace Greatly of pine, features pine trees, quiet ponds, and Blessed by Heaven.” Unfortunately, it didn’t an array of beautiful flora. Mother Nature’s quite live up to its name, since the Japanese seasonal variations are on full display with twice ransacked it through the centuries. But daffodils and azaleas during spring and pam- restoration began in 1990 and continues to pas grass in autumn. Then, there is also the this day. The National Palace Museum of Flowering Tree Garden and the Rock Gar- Korea and the National Folk Museum of den, adorned with moss and lichen-covered Korea are also here. Watch the changing of improved transportation, the city welcomes can sample various dishes prepared from this stones, large and small. There is also a Flow- the royal guard ceremony featuring guards in global tourism with its perfect blend of cul- often-deadly fish. er Garden, a Cactus Garden with more than traditional dress. It takes place daily and is ture and nature more accessible than ever. Jeongseo, located in the southeast part 200 types of cacti and succulents, a Water an excellent introduction to the country. Coffee is a popular local product with a cof- of Gangwon-do Province, is recognized as Garden that greets visitors with the sooth- In the Taebaeksan Mountains of Gang- fee festival held every fall. It began in 2009 the location of the popular Jeongseon Ari- ing sound of running water, and the Four won-do Province, Pyeongchang, the main to share coffee culture and today attracts lots rang Market, the nation’s largest traditional Gracious Plants Garden, highlighting bam- location of the world’s greatest snow festi- of tourists. There are coffee masters and the agricultural trading center. This attracts boo, plum, orchid, and chrysanthemum, as val called the XXIII Olympic Winter Games famous coffee street on Anmok Beach lined many domestic tourists, as well as interna- well as a seasonal panorama of wildflowers. (nowpyeongchang.com) is home to both with cafés and coffee shops that mostly roast tional visitors who come to sample foods, You can also find a golf course, spa, privatemountains and beaches. Hike a forest trail or their own coffee beans and are filled with participate in the many seasonal festivals, sleeping rooms, an ice skating rink, and stay overnight in a serene mountain temple. the aroma of coffee permeating the air from and leave with a greater appreciation of Ko- a casino. Imagine, you have not even left Called the most beautiful province in South the nearby Terarosa Coffee factory. The fa- rean food ways. the airport! And for any travel questions or Korea, its deep valleys and pristine nature mous Jumungin Seafood Market sells sea- Excellent public transportation makes emergencies, the 1330 Korea Travel Hotline, give rise to flavorful local culinary special- food caught in the East Sea and specializes any region of the country reachable in a day. in Korean, English, Japanese, and Chinese, ties, such as wild herbs, vegetables, and in raw fish for sashimi. During the Blowfish Nature, tradition, and modernity make Korea operates 24/7. That’s right, 24 hours a day, buckwheat. One local traditional dish found Festival in December and January, attendees a very attractive tourist destination, indeed. seven days a week! here is sanche jeongsik, a set menu based on This is just one reason why Asian tourists seasoned wild vegetables. regularly rank Seoul, the capital of Korea, as The Olympic host cities, Pyeongchang June 23 - August 3, 2018 their favorite world city. Springing from the (main location), Gangneung, and Jeongseon ruins of the Korean War, Seoul has boomed in sponsor some 15 sports, including alpine ski- Photo: UiO, Mantas Grigaliunas just 50 years to become the world’s 10th-most ing, bobsled, cross-country skiing, curling, economically powerful city and second-larg- , , ice hockey, est metropolitan area. Its global reputation luge, snowboarding, , and centers on a rapid pace, technological prow- , that thrilling combination of ess, glittering skyscrapers, and fast-paced speed, agility and strategy. nightlife. But there are surprising pockets of Gangneung, a coastal city in Gangwon- tranquility in this city of more than 9 million do Province, is already a major domestic people. Wander its streets and find a whole tourist city in Korea. It is a city of tradition other world waiting to be discovered, one of and culture surrounded by the Dalgwally- history, culture, and art. eong mountain pass and the East Sea. With Surrounded by its ancient city walls, newly constructed Olympic facilities and uio.no/summerschool ∙ [email protected] ∙ (800) 639-0058 the american 16 • February 9, 2018 Arts & Entertainment NorwegiaN Pop mini-album hides shocking depth Norwegian Anana’s Well, at times discordant, will keep you coming back for more

seaN laFleur New York

Over the past few years, Norwegian mu- sicians have had a consistent presence in the top tiers of American pop charts and on ra- dio—from the slick but goofy novelty ballad “What Does The Fox Say?” by Ylvis, to the pretty cascade of Afrobeat-tinged guitars in “Am I Wrong?” by Nico & Vinz, to the an- themic yet also softly ethereal “It Ain’t Me” by Kygo. Hopefully, the success of these artists will lead American record labels and taste- makers to dive deeper into discovering cur- rent Norwegian pop music, and maybe even explore Norwegian pop that, while still com- pelling and satisfying, is not as immediately sugary and bright as the aforementioned hit songs. A singer of this kind that seems ready to break out to wider recognition and acclaim is Oslo-based Anniken Jess Iversen, or, as she calls herself on her releases, Anana. Photos courtesy of koSo, (right) © kristine Helliesen In addition to being a vocalist, Anana Above: The album cover for Well. is also a multi-instrumentalist and producer Right: Anniken Jess Iversen, better known as Anana. and has released a handful of singles over the past several years. In November, she debuted her longest recording to date, Well, a mini- album of six songs. On first impression,Well should succeed with most casual listeners on its strengths of simply being a very pleasing collection of melodic, pretty, ethereal pop songs. You’ll likely want to listen again because ominous. recording of scraping metal on concrete, this than satisfying—in other words, something of this dreamy sound—but it’s then, on the The dark image of the title of album’s falsetto melody appears again, with Anana that makes you think, but doesn’t make you subsequent times you hear it, that this small opening song, “Rip Off Every Toe,” as well singing, “my heart, it broke”—as if she just crave hearing the songs again. album’s large amount of depth and craft be- as how Anana’s pretty cooing soon swells noticed, a quick but touching, vulnerable But Anana has a keen sense of the of- gins to reveal itself. While six songs adding and echoes—morphing from lullaby tones to moment among the dissonance. ten limited patience of the pop listener’s ear. up to just over 20 minutes might seem brief, sounding like a chilly whistling wind—be- “To Hold” places moods of comfort and She never lets the music get too discordant because Anana so carefully builds moods gins to quickly establish all is not as cozy as threat so close together that the two become for too long before coming back to a hook, and often weaves in soothingly familiar and it seems. almost indistinguishable, as dirge-like syn- or she uses the homemade recorded sounds oddly unfamiliar sound textures, these songs, “Selfish Fish On Land” begins solely thesizer melodies reverberate under Anana’s to create regular repeated rhythmic patterns when listened to in their intended order, with what sounds like a homemade record- cozy repeated hums. The song then builds to that integrate nicely with—and humanize— feel much like movements in a symphony. ing of gravel shuffling around in a pants its end by pairing the lyrics “to hold” alter- the more familiar electronic riffs and blips. The roughly 23 minutes of Well feels more pocket used in a repeating loop as percus- nately with “you down” and “you tight”— Most of all, though, Anana is quite adept at expansive and transporting than many com- sion. Slightly portentous piano and lyrics the former usually a negative, the latter often using her voice to suddenly leap, or slowly plete albums. about being “all alone this time” join the re- a positive—but in this moment the two op- bend, into and out of all kinds of expres- Not very far beneath the overall cozy peating gravel loop, but then, all of a sudden, tions seem the like same thing. sion. There’s an icy, austere vocal for a bitter melancholy mood is a nearly constant alter- loveliness breaks out—Anana’s crisp vocal Even “Vague,” the song from the album lyric; a falsetto for a regret; hushed coos for nating between sounds that are at one mo- softens to a tender falsetto for the chorus. that seems at first to be the most straightfor- tenderness or uncertainty. ment tender or lovely, but the next tense or Shortly after a build of what sounds like a ward pop tune, has subtle elements of other- No matter what the mood, though, worldliness. The song begins with a piano’s Anana’s vocals all somehow sound striking- melancholy but pretty notes, adds in a wist- ly beautiful and inviting, and it’s that, above ful, crisply delivered verse, then brings in a all, that draws you in to the album’s deeper big, sweeping chorus that is one of the al- world—where the rough and the harsh seem HAVE A STORY TO TELL? bum’s most gorgeous moments. But in the to always be just up ahead from the soft and final third of the song, the gauzy comfortgentle—as well as the other way around. The NA is a market for fiction! is displaced a bit by tension and industrial- sounding noise, as electronic sounds of Sean LaFleur is a DJ NAW is now accepting fiction • up to 1,500 words submarine-like pinging and steam escaping of up to 1,500 words (1,000 or • English-language based in New York City. A pipes rise up to silence all but a lonely vo- favorite specialty of his is fewer preferred) of any genre • Norway-themed or mystery cal, until, at the end, just for a few seconds, a incorporating music from that have something to do with • $50 payment short bit of the song plays backwards. a crowd’s heritage(s) at his All this switching of mood, while no- Norway, or crime/mystery stories • [email protected] events. His website is www. ble in challenging a listener’s expectations, djnewyorkcity.com. even if they have nothing to do could easily come off as more admirable with Norway (but bonus points if they do). We pay a flat rate of $50 for Subscribe to The Norwegian American! stories, on publication. (206)฀ 784-4617฀ •฀ [email protected] Submit your best (English- language) stories to news฀ •฀ business฀ •฀ sports฀ •฀ opinion฀ •฀ recipes฀ •฀ travel฀ •฀ [email protected]! events฀ •฀ entertainment฀ •฀ Norwegian฀ language฀ •฀ more! the american NorwegiaN Books February 9, 2018 • 17 Book review: A classic whodunnit in small-town Iceland seems to be an accident, while the dying office at the police station and he looks out woman seems to be the victim of attempted uneasily at the steady snowfall. “It was as if cHrisTiNe FosTer meloNi murder. But are the two events that happened the weather gods were trying to construct a Washington so close together connected? Might the writ- wall around the building that he would never er have been the victim of foul play as well? be able to break through. He saw things grow Snowblind is a spellbinding thriller by Is there a murderer on the loose? dim and suddenly he found himself fighting Icelandic crime writer Ragnar Jónasson. It is Jónasson is a fan of Agatha Christie and for breath.” the first novel in the author’s Dark Iceland has translated many of her novels into Ice- Many readers will want to continue to Series, which is set in the peaceful fishing landic. Her influence is evident in Jónasson’sfollow the adventures of Ari Thór in this ex- village of Siglufjördur in northern Iceland novel. The investigation centers on the cast of citing and well-written series. Snowblind is where nothing ever happens—or so they say. characters involved in the drama society re- followed by Nightblind, Blackout, Rupture, The protagonist, Ari Thór Arason, is a hearsal. Hrólfur, it seems, was not very well and Whiteout. rookie policeman. He leaves his home and liked. But who would hate him enough to kill girlfriend in the capital Reykjavík without him? Úlfur, the director of the theater, who Snowblind (Snjóblinda, trans. by Quentin much thought when offered his first assign- had just had a row with Hrólfur? Anna, who Bates), by Ragnar Jónasson, was published ment up north. He begins to have misgivings was upset that she had not been given the fe- in 2017 by St. Martin’s Press. almost immediately, however, when he dis- male lead in the play? Karl, the male lead, who covers that the only way to get in and out of was having an affair with Anna and was afraid Christine Foster Meloni is the town is via a small mountain tunnel. Se- that Hrólfur had found out? Ugla, who may professor emerita at The vere claustrophobia begins to set in when he have had an eye on Hrólfur’s inheritance? Or George Washington Uni- realizes that it snows a lot in this location and Leifur the carpenter? No single suspect stands versity. She has degrees the snow often makes it impossible to access out and the reader will have a difficult time in Italian literature, lin- the tunnel or even to leave one’s house. known writer, Hrólfur Kristjánsson, falls trying to decide whodunnit. guistics, and international Police Chief Tómas assures his new re- down a flight of stairs to his death during Thea relentless snow is also a major char- education. She was born in cruit that crime is extremely rare and tells rehearsal at the local drama society and then acter in this novel. The author describes one Minneapolis and currently him that he need not lock his doors. No a woman is found in her backyard half naked of Ari Thór’s panic attacks in the midst of a lives in Washington, D.C. She values her Nor- one in Siglufjördur does. But soon a well- and bleeding in the snow. The writer’s death snowstorm. One day Ari Thór is sitting in his wegian heritage. Scholar examines roots of Yggdrasill Norwegian author Maria Kvilhaug views Norse myths anew, in English-language book

m. micHael Brady Asker, Norway

Yggdrasill, from the , is a gigantic, mythical ash tree that intercon- nects the nine realms of Norse cosmology. It was first mentioned in writing in the Prose Edda, a 13th century narrative of Norse mythology by Icelandic historian, poet, and politician Photos: (left) Public domain, Snorri Sturluson (above) courtesy of maria kvilhaug (1179-1241). Since Left: “The Ash Yggdragsil,” The world then, much scholarly tree and some of its inhabitants, illustra- study has been devot- tion by Fredrich Wilhelm Heine, 1866. ed to the intertwined Above: Maria Kvilhaug. stories of the Edda and the importance of Yggdrasill in them. king Age, on a ship in a mound at the lineage. In this century, Oseberg Farm near Tønsberg on the Perhaps less fitting for an academic, she Norwegian factual west bank of the Oslo Fjord (the ship has zigzagged between pursuits. At age 21, prose and fiction- au is on display at the Viking Ship Mu- she left home to spend four years in England thor Maria Kvilhaug seum in Oslo; studies of it continue to earning a bachelor’s degree in art. Then she has specialized in Norse this day; see “Viking ship cannabis co- lived a while in Oakland, Calif., before mov- mythology with the aim of nundrum,” The Norwegian American, Jan. ing to the Pacific Coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. conveying its many interpre- 29, 2016: www.norwegianamerican.com/ During her four-year stay there, she pursued tations to today’s readers. Her latest book, 2016, a smaller book, The Poetic Edda: Six heritage/viking-ship-cannabis-conundrum). remote education at the University of Oslo, The Seed of Yggdrasill, was published last Old Norse Cosmology Poems, illustrated her Befitting for a writer on historical- focusing mat on Hinduism and Norse mythology. year. Like the gigantic, mythical ash tree, approach, with the original Old Norse texts ters, Maria Kvilhaug traces her lineage back She earned a master’s degree in 2004 and the book is a 712-page giant that weighs 4.4 alongside a new translation and interpreta- to a large burial mound called Kvilhaug then spent a year in Portugal, researching pounds. The 15-page bibliography at its end tion of them. (literally “rest mound”), as it was a favored and writing on Old Norse myths. An eccen- reflects the working way of an academic, Kvilhaug has also published four nov- resting place on walks on an island in Ro- tric career thus far, but her books are all the which she is; her previous published work on els, The Hammer of Greatness, My Enemy’s galand County. According to family legend, more interesting for it. Norse mythology was her University of Oslo Head, The Hel Rune’s Claim, and A Twisted there were two farms near that mound, one Mmaster’s degree thesis, The Maiden with Mirror, parts of a sequel about the lives of wealthy, one for serfs. All Kvilhaugs de- latest book: The Seed of Yggdrasill, Hel- the Mead: A Goddess of Initiation Rituals in the Oseberg priestesses, so named because scend from one of the two farm families, but singe, Denmark, Whyte Tracks Publishing, Old Norse Mythology, published in 2009. In they had been buried in 834, early in the Vi- Maria doesn’t know which is the root of her Third edition, May 1, 2017. the american 18 • February 9, 2018 Winter Sports NorwegiaN Norway’s treasure trove of medals A brief history of the Winter Olympics’ all-time winningest nation’s exploits

All-time Winter Olympics Norway’s Winter Olympics medal count by country: medal count: Sport: Gold: Silver: Bronze: total: rank: Country: Gold: Silver: Bronze: total: 1 Norway 118 111 110 329 Cross-Country Skiing 40 38 29 107 2 United States 96 102 84 282 Speed skating 25 28 27 80 3 Austria 59 78 81 218 15 12 8 35 4 78 78 53 209 Nordic Combined 13 9 8 30 5 Soviet Union 78 57 59 194 Ski Jumping 9 9 12 30 6 Canada 62 56 52 170 7 Finland 42 62 57 161 10 9 10 29 8 Sweden 50 40 54 144 Freestyle Skiing 2 2 4 8 9 Switzerland 50 40 48 138 Figure Skating* 3 2 1 6 10 Italy 37 34 43 114 Snowboarding 0 3 1 4 11 Russia 45 34 34 113 Curling 1 1 1 3 12 East Germany 39 36 35 110 total* 118 113 101 332 13 Netherlands 37 38 35 110 14 France 31 31 47 109 *This table includes three medals—two silver and one bronze—awarded in the figure skating events at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

micHael kleiNer The Norwegian American

Before my family left for a year in Nor- way in 1969, my father told me, a 10-year-old American sports fan, that Norway, a country of 4 million people, had won the most med- als at the 1968 Winter Olympics. As the 23rd Olympiad begins, Norway has 329 all-time medals, 47 more than the United States (282) a country of more than 320 million. Norway has the most gold (118), silver (111), and bronze (100) medals. Austria has 218 medals and the combined totals of Germanys (209) are the only other “countries” that total more than 200 medals. Norway won the most medals in five of the first six games, and six of the first 10. Photos: (above) Gorm kallestad / aftenposten, (right) agence rol / Public domain They finished second in 1932, two behind Above: Bjørn Dæhlie competing in the Lillehammer Olympics. the host Americans. Norway and the United Right: at the 1924 Olympics in Chamonix, where he would win three gold medals. States combined to win 22 of the 42 medals in 1932. Let’s look at how Norway got to the po- til 1984. Then, Ole Einar Bjørndalen came gvild Flugstad Østberg. Maiken Caspersen The men accounted for seven of Nor- dium so much. on the scene. At 43, he missed participating Falla won the sprint with Østberg behind. Jo- way’s 11 cross-country medals in 2002. Als- in his seventh Olympic games in Pyeong- haug earned bronze in the 10km, gaard and were the new stars in chang. He didn’t medal in 1994 but since has bronze in the 15km, as the women earned . The pair took gold in the new totaled 13 medals (eight golds, four silvers, nine of Norway’s 11 cross-country medals. 2x10-km pursuit event. Estil earned silver one bronze), the most by any winter Olympi- On the men’s side, superstars Vegard in the 15-km, gold in the an. Bjørndalen captured four golds in 2002. Ulvang and Bjørn Dæhlie dominated in the sprint, bronze in the 30-km Meanwhile, teammate 1980s and 1990s. After the men were shut mass start and Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset bronze collected five medals in 1998, 2002,out in2006, 1984, Ulvang took bronze in the 30km in the 50-km. and five (four gold)in 1988.in In 1992, he took three gold med- They had followed in the paths of the 2010 and 2014. als and one silver. That same year, Dæhlie early Norwegian Olympians. Thorlief Haug, Norway won the debut of the mixed began his dominance with the same medal already a legendary cross-country skier, won (female-male) relay in 2014 with Bjørndalen count. gave Norway a sweep in the only two races at the 1924 Games. Jo- taking the third leg and Svendsen the anchor, the 30km classical. han Grøttumsbråten took the silver in the following and . This was the Norwegians’ warm-up for 18km and bronze in the 50km, while Tho- Berger is the female star after a gold in 2010 the 1994 games in the home country. Dæhlie ralf Strømstad took the silver in the 50km, and silver and bronze medals in 2014. won gold in the 10km classical and 15km giving Norway five of the six medals. Grøt- freestyle pursuit, silver in the 30km freestyle tumsbråten won the gold in the 18km in Cross-country skiing (40-38-29-107) behind , and racing the an- 1928 with Ole Hegge and Reidar Ødegaard Norway defines cross-country. There chor leg in the 4x10km relay, losing to Italy right behind. Photo: Bjørn S. delebekk / VG have been many stars from many eras. Cur- by .4 of a second. Dæhlie returned again in Norway took three straight golds in the Ole Einar Bjørndalen can boast the most Winter rently, the brightest star is Marit Bjørgen, 1998, winning gold in the 10km, 50km, rac- 50km in 1968 (Ole Ellefsæter), 1972 (Pål Olympics medals. He established Norway as a bi- who has 10 medals from 2002, 2006, 2010, ing the third leg of the gold-winning 4x10km Tyldum), and 1976 (). Petter Nor- athlon powerhouse. and 2014, tied for first among women Win- relay and taking silver to Alsgaard in the thug won in 2010 to go along with his gold ter Olympians (see Jo Christian Weldingh’s 30km, giving Dæhlie 12 total Olympic med- in the team sprint with Øystein Pettersen, story). In 2014, Bjørgen, Therese Johaug, als—one less than Bjørndalen—and tied racing anchor on the silver-winning 4x10km Biathlon (15-12-8-35) and Kristin Størmer Steira gave Norway a with Bjørndalen at eight gold. His nine med- relay and getting a bronze in the sprint. The sport was first introduced to the sweep in the 30km, while Bjørgen also won als in individual events also ties him with Olympics in 1960. Norway didn’t medal un- gold in the 15km and team sprint with In- Bjørndalen for best all-time. See > mEdalS, page 26 the american NorwegiaN Winter Sports February 9, 2018 • 19 Your guide to the Games

Alpine skiing events involve sking fast down a course of flags or gates that the skier must go around. The length of the course and tightness of the gates vary.

Biathlon combines cross-country skiing with rifle shooting. In Pur- suit competitions, lower-ranking athletes must catch the leaders.

Bobsleigh involves high-speed moun- tain descent on special artificially made ice tracks on controlled sledges (bobs). There are two- and four-per- son teams.

Cross-country skiing courses are composed of equal segments of uphill, level, and downhill fields, and athletes must employ classic or skate ski- ing techniques. The Winter Olympic Games presents a total of 12 events divided equally into six each for men and women. In mass start cross-coun- try races, all the skiers begin at once and vie to cross the finish line first. In skiathlon, the skiers must change gear in the middle.

Check your local TV listings to see what coverage they provide and check local times. Pictograms are from Pyeongchang Winter Olympics 2018 In curling, the objective is to get the 19.96 kg stone Freestyle skiing Ice hockey is Short track is a Snowboarding closer to the center comprises many a competition type of speed skat- comprises many of the house than events. The mogul between two teams ing in which the events. In parallel any stone of the opposition. event is a descent attempting to hit athletes compete to slalom, two ath- down a bumpy the puck into their cover a 111.12-me- letes engage in a slope with jumps. opponent’s goal ter oval ice track head-to-head com- Single figure In the aerials using sticks, while preventing the puck as quickly as possible. petition on parallel skating and mixed event, athletes from entering their own goal. courses. In the pairs both consist complete two halfpipe competi- of a short program special jumps. In Skeleton involves tion, snowboarders including seven the cross event, Luge is considered a descent on a perform acrobatic compulsory ele- athletes race down to be one of the special track with aerial tricks. The ments and a free program. Compul- a course with turns most dangerous artificially frozen cross event takes sory moves include lifts, spirals, and obstacles. In Olympic winter ice in a sled. Each place on a course throws and synchronized jumps. In halfpipe, athletes sports. It involves athlete completes a total of four runs. made up of various Ice Dancing dancers must express the perform various sliding at high moguls, obstacles, character of the music. tricks—somer- speeds on single or two-person sleds banks, and jumps. saults, flips, grabs, on a special track of artificially frozen Four events make Big air is an and twists—on a ice. up the Olympic ski- event where the In the individual halfpipe slope. In jumping program: competitor rides a speed skating ski slopestyle, ath- men’s and women’s snowboard down a events, skaters letes perform on a Nordic Combined individual normal hill and performs race in pairs on slope with various includes ski jump- hill competition, tricks from very separate tracks. types of obstacles ing and a 10 km men’s individual large-hill competi- large jumps. In the team-pursuit races, men skate (rails, quarter- cross-country ski tion, and men’s team competition. Slopestyle athletes eight laps, and women skate six. Two pipes, and jumps). race. There are perform on a slope teams of three members each take part only men’s events featuring various in each race, starting all at once from this year. forms of obstacles different sides of the track. (rails, quarterpipes, and jumps). the american 20 • February 9, 2018 Winter Sports NorwegiaN Lifelong jumping Flying from flatlands Dale Severson started ski jumping at the age of 4, and still skis today at 82 to Pyeongchang 2018 Three ski jumpers land on Team USA rosalie groscH Arden Hills, Minn.

Participating in the Olympics is every Did he quit ski jumping as he aged? athlete’s dream. No doubt Dale Severson, of No. “Winter gets long and boring if you North Oaks, Minn., remembers well the year don’t get outside and enjoy it,” he says. 1955, when he won a berth as an alternate “Even at 74, I would head to the 46-meter on the 1956 U.S. Olympic ski-jump team by jump at St. Paul Ski Club four to six times coming in fourth in the trials with his jump a winter.” At that time, Severson claimed of 288 feet. The Olympics in 1956 were held to be the oldest ski jumper in America. in Cortina, Italy. This January, he was heading to Eau Severson was able to attend the 1994 Claire to participate in the Olympic try- Olympics in Lillehammer and then spent outs by observing and helping to coach. holiday time in a Norwegian hytte in the As I talked to him this cold Minnesota mountains. Norway claims him. His father day, he was on his way out, “to have a came from Burvik in the Trondheim area and good cross-country ski.” his mother, from Lillehammer. Severson has For about 30 years, until 2015, Sev- visited Norway more than 12 times. erson served as a guide for Ski for Light, At the age of 4 Severson started ski a little-known cross-country skiing non- jumping, and by 6 he had joined the Flying profit organization (see “Visually and Eagle’s Ski Club in Eau Claire, Wis., start- mobility-impaired skiers meet,” Jan. 26, ing in class C. Placing in the top three in that 2018: www.norwegianamerican.com/ class, he was soon moved to class A. For the sports/visually-and-mobility-impaired- next 11 years he continued to place in the top skiers-meet). Ski for Light pairs volun- 10. By age 47, Severson had moved to St. teer guides with visually or physically Photo: meg larson On the Olympic Trials podium at Park City, . Left to right: second place is Will Rhoads of Park City; Paul, Minn., and continued to compete until impaired skiers. “It is a wonderful experi- the age of 72, wining many ski meets in the ence to help the blind or partially blind first place is Michael Glasder of Fox River Grove, Ill; third place is Kevin Bickner of Lake Forest, Ill. Masters Class, plus 10 wins in International enjoy skiing, even competing,” says Sev- Masters ski meets including meets in Hurdal, erson. Alongside the hundreds of medals NaNcy aNderseN Norway, and Sundsvall, Sweden. Now, at and trophies, spanning five decades, fill- Chicago the age of 82, he continues to downhill and ing Dale’s home office, are medals from cross-country ski. Ski for Light, including a recently earned Can you imagine that some of the Unit- and make it happen.’” In 1995, Severson was inducted into gold medal. ed States’ best ski jumpers come from the Michael Glasder’s determination has the Eau Claire Ski Club Hall of Fame. This But skiing is not Severson’s only “flatlands” of northern Illinois? propelled him past missing the cut for the made 66 years of ski jumping competitively sport. He also plays senior softball, center Michael Glasder, 28, of Norge Ski Club 2010 and 2014 Olympics to his current suc- in tournaments. field. “They call me the Gazelle because in tiny Fox River Grove, Ill., was the first to cess as the first Illinois resident to make the In a 2006 article, it was reported that I cover such a big area.” It seems this is a win a berth on the U.S. Olympic Team when U.S. Olympic Ski Jumping Team. Severson took part in the U.S. Masters ski good title for a man who has covered so he won the U.S. Olympic trials in Park City, Norge’s remarkable success is built on event and won gold. This was held in con- much in his well-lived life. Gratitude for Utah, at the New Year. Not only that, four of good coaching, great support from the club, junction with the international competition, good health, an enthusiasm for sports and the six young men on the U.S. ski-jumping and their ski jump. Norge’s coach for 30 competing against former Olympians from the outdoors, and encouraging others are team training for the Olympics—and three years is Scott Smith, coach of the 1992 U.S. Norway and Finland. Severson won silver gifts that Dale Severson continues to give out of the four chosen to go—have come Olympic squad and a member of the Ameri- for jumping and bronze in Nordic Combined to those who know him. from one club. The club is not in the moun- can Ski Jumping Hall of Fame. He credits (jumping and cross-country). tains of Colorado or Utah, or even Lake Plac- much of their current success to their $1 pur- id, N.Y., but Norge, northwest of Chicago. chase in 2004 of a 72-meter ski jump from Norge’s Kevin Bickner holds the U.S. the city of Ely, Minn. They had to transport distance record of 244.5 meters and will lead the ski jump to Norge’s location and build the team going to Pyeongchang, Korea. On a suitable support for the towering structure, the World Cup tour in 2017, Bickner had the but it allows jumpers to train and compete strongest season of any U.S. man in more on regulation Olympic heights and distances. than a decade. Bickner and Glasder will be There are also several smaller ski jumps that joined by Will Rhoads of Park City, Utah, allow beginners to learn the skills. and Norge’s Casey Larson. Norge’s A.J. Norge Ski Club’s future also looks good, Brown will continue competing internation- with a strong junior team. USA Nordic Na- ally to earn more points for future World Cup tional Team members Casey Larson, 19; Pat- competition. rick Gasienica, 19; and Hunter Gibson, 16, As reported in the Fox Valley Daily were to go to Kandersteg, Switzerland, Jan. Herald, “Michael Glasder doesn’t quite re- 27 through Feb. 4 as part of the five-member member the first time he went ski jumping atU.S. men’s ski jumping team to take part in Norge Ski Club in Fox River Grove, but the the Junior World Championships. Cara Lar- story goes something like this: son, 17, also went as part of the women’s “His parents wanted to keep the 5-year- team. old busy during the winter months, so they Most Americans would be surprised to took a short drive from their Cary home to find out that Norge Ski Club, built on an - un Norge, a club founded in 1905 by Norwegian usual bowl-shaped glacial land formation on immigrants living in Chicago. the banks of the Fox River, is home to the “Glasder’s determination was evident longest continuously running ski competition Photos courtesy of dale Severson almost immediately. When his parents told in North America. Their 113th International Left: Severson prepares to jump in Ishpeming, Mich., in March 1958 at the U.S. National Ski Meet. him it was time for a lunch break, he refused Winter Tournament was held on Jan. 27 and With jumps of 279 and 275 feet, he came in fifth in his class. to stop. ‘I’m going to stay out here until I get 28. Their popularity continues to grow, and Right: Severson sports just a few of his many ski jumping medals. it right,’ he said. last year more than 5,000 people came out “Two decades later, Glasder credits that to watch jumpers from Norway, Finland, attitude with helping him become Norge’s Slovenia, and the United States. Their motto first Olympian. … ‘That’s stuck with me myis, “Fly far, dream big.” It’s clear from these THANK YOU for reading our paper! whole career,’ Glasder said of his youthful results that they are doing both. determination. ‘Head down, keep working the american NorwegiaN Winter Sports February 9, 2018 • 21 Skiing & skating through history: Norway’s “gods” of winter sports

micHael kleiNer The Norwegian American

More than 4,000 years before the Winter Olympics were initiated in 1924, an ances- tral Norwegian or Sámi carved an image in a rock of a person on skis holding a stick. These have been found in . To honor this history, all the medals at the 1994 Lillehammer Games had the image of the event in the artistic form of the carving. In 2004, archaeologists found a 1,300-year-old wooden ski, with leather binding intact, in a glacier in what’s now Re- inheimen National Park in the mountains of Lesja in Oppland. While wall paintings of the use of skis in the Xiaping region of China date 10,000 years, and fragments of skis found in Russia go as far back as 6300–5000, in no country has skiing become a part of the culture and mythology like in Norway. This in part may contribute to Norway’s dominance of the Winter Olympics. When Photos: (above) alstahaug.kommune.no, the name of the country has a snow refer- (left) Public domain ence, you have a step up on the competition. Above: Prehistoric rock carving from the Island It helps when you’ve invented some of the of Tro in Norway, thought to depict a person ski- ing. events. Left: The most famous image of the Birkebeiners, Norway’s name is derived from the “Skiing Birchlegs Crossing the Mountain with the god Nor, who legend says had to ski to get Royal Child,” by Knud Bergslien. through a blizzard when he first arrived in the country. There are even gods of skiing and hunting (Ull) and a goddess of skiing (Skade) in Norse mythology. Throughout Norwegian history, dating to the Viking pe- riod, skiing is mentioned prominently. The word ski comes from the Old Norse word “skíð” which means stick of wood or ski. The word “ski” is also found in the Norwe- gian words “vedski,” meaning “splitwood for making fire” or “skigard,” meaning “a wooden split-rail fence.” Before it was a sport, skiing was trans- portation—and it still is. Skis have been used by postmen to deliver mail and by doctors and midwives to reach expectant mothers. People ski to hunt, to attend church, funer- Tromsø above the Arctic Circle in northern As opposed to the contemporary styles, the Norse used this method. In the 16th century, als, and weddings. Being snowbound is not a Norway in 1843; while the first ski-jumping Telemarkers lifted off the jumps with their people began to recognize skating as recre- concept in Norwegian life. competition was in 1866 in the Telemark legs tucked underneath them. They traveled ational and competitive. King Eystein I of Skiing helped avert civil war, with the area in southwest Norway. only about 20 meters, but at the time, jump- Norway bragged about his ability “racing on most popular legend occurring during the Sondre Norheim (1825-97), who lived ing still seemed death-defying to spectators. ice legs.” Norway and Netherlands can’t take war in 1206. Two skiers carried the 2-year in Morgedal in Telemark, is credited with By 1881, 5,000 Norwegians were com- full credit for the development of speed skat- old prince from Lillehammer in Gudbransdal developing modern skiing. What Norheim peting in jumping and 50,000 were involved ing, though. A Scotsman added an iron blade to Rena in Østerdal and eventually to Trond- did was simply to invent tighter binding for in skiing. Some of the Morgedal skiers to the skate in 1592, sparking the popularity heim. They had to ski through the mountains the feet. He used shoots from birch roots and opened a in Christiania for chil- of skating, particularly racing competitions. in the dead of winter with only ice water to twisted them to fit around the feet. This be - dren and adults, male and female. Excur- The first official skating club, the Skat- feed to the boy. Supporters of the royal fam- came known as “osier binding.” This gave sions were taken to the countryside. Trophies ing Club of Edinburgh was established in ily wore birch bark on their feet and became Norheim and “...the competitive...young were awarded in competitions, notably The 1642, and the first competition was held known as “birch legs”—birkebeiner. The farm boys from Morgedal...” flexibilityRoyal as Cup. The Telemarkers were so domi- on the Fens in England in 1763. The Dutch boy later became King Haakon Haakonsen. they skied down the mountainsides, twist- nant that the Ladies Cup was established for started using skates to traverse water passag- There has been an annual 54-km (35- ing and turning around obstacles and jump- the “Most Gallant Skier from Christiania.” es between 11 cities of Friesland. Eventually, mile) Birkebeiner Race over the Lilleham- ing off hills and ledges. (Slalom?) Norheim Two of the most notable Telemarker instruc- this became the Elfstedentocht, a marathon mer-Rena course since 1932, drawing thou- invented the Telemark and Christiania Turn, tors were brothers Torjus and Mikkel Hem- skating competition. sands of competitors. The skiers must carry which is also known as the Christie. mestveit, who later immigrated to the United The sport crossed the Atlantic and by the same weight as the infant prince weighed. At the same time, he invented slalom States and pioneered skiing here. 1851 the North Americans had “fallen” for Over the next 500 years, skiing grew and ski jumping. Slalom is derived from Even though Norheim invented slalom, the sport. The all-steel blade was invented on in importance. Hunters became very adept a Norwegian word, slålam, that literally ski jumping became more popular in Nor- this continent. on skis. (Early biathlon?) There had to be means, “slope,” and “track in the snow.” way. It was left to an Englishman living in Norwegian clubs began holding compe- restrictions placed on hunting to protect the The popularity of skiing with the new Switzerland, Sir Arnold Lunn, to further titions in 1863, drawing thousands in Chris- animals. bindings spread throughout the country, hit- develop and popularize slalom. Norwegian tiania. Following victories in the United Soldiers were organized in ski units in ting the capital of Christiania (Oslo) in 1868. won the first goldStates, Norwegian Axel Paulsen was named 1716 and the first manual on skiing was- au Crowds marveled at Norheim’s ability on medal at the 1952 Olympics in Norway, but Amateur Champion Skater of the World in thored by Capt. Jens Emmahusen in 1733. skis. Huseby Hill was built in 1879 just out- Norway didn’t medal in downhill again until 1884. The Dutch began holding the first Troops participated in competitions, in- side the capital, and jumping competitions 1992. “world championships” in 1889, including cluding jumping and shooting while skiing were held there until 1891 when the first If the lakes, rivers, or canals proved too one organized by an Amsterdam club that in- downhill, beginning in 1767. jump was built. icy for skiing, bones were put on the feet The first cross-country race was in The skiers from Telemark were the show. to glide across the surface. The Dutch and See > Ski GodS, page 27 the american 22 • February 9, 2018 Winter Sports NorwegiaN Norway’s top Olympic contenders

Jo cHrisTiaN WeldiNgH Oslo

Norway’s Olympic squad won 26 med- als in Sochi. The Norwegian Olympic Federa- tion has stated that their goal is 30 medals in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The Norwegian athletes seem to be in peak condition as the Winter Olympic Games in Pyeongchang be- gin. Norway won 13 World Cup victories in just last weekend, so if every athlete performs up to their usual standards, the Norwegian record of 13 gold medals from Salt Lake City in 2002 might be broken. “Sev- enteen gold medals is realistic, and 20 gold medals isn’t all that unrealistic,” coach Johan Kaggestad said in an interview with NRK. If Kaggestad is right, Norway will beat Photos: (clockwise from above) FiS Cross the world record of 14 gold medals set by Country / twitter, Cephas / Wikimedia, tor Canada in 2010. atle kleven / Wikimedia, Silje norendal / This is our list of the Norwegian athletes Facebook, norwegian olympic Federation with the best chance of winning Olympic Clockwise from above: Johannes Høsflot Klæbo, medals in 2018. , Johannes Thingnes Bø, Silje Norendal, and . Cross-country skiing Johannes Høsflot Klæbo, the 22-year- old from Trøndelag, is only in his second from Sweden, who has been the best sprinter season as a senior but has won almost every this season, for the gold medal. race he has participated in this season. He is Marit Bjørgen is the one to beat in all the the one to beat in every race in this Olym- long-distance races. She might get competi- pics, except maybe the 15km freestyle, a dis- tion from from Sweden, but tance he probably won’t participate in. There Bjørgen is almost always best during cham- has never been a bigger favorite in the classic pionship races. She will become the most sprint than Klæbo. accomplished Winter Olympian ever if she has been the wins two or more gold medals. best cross-country skier the last couple of Heidi Weng and Ingvild Flugstad Øst- years. He has won the World Cup the last berg might win medals, but they are not two seasons and been the one to beat in all favorites in any of the races. Weng won a Biathlon Ski Jumping long-distance races. He has not had the best bronze in the 15km in 2014. Bjørgen won No biathlete comes close to Johannes has been the best female season so far, but experts say he will prob- the team sprint with Østberg, while finishingThingnes Bø’s speed around the track, so ski jumper all season and leads the World ably be in his best form during the Olympics. second to Falla in the sprint. if he is able to control his nerves during the Cup. She will most likely end up with at least Sundby is one of two or three skiers who can Norway is the team to beat in all four shootings, he will win a lot of medals, for one medal. win the 15km freestyle. relays. Russia is the biggest competitor on sure. He will get tough competition from The men’s team has won every team Maiken Caspersen Falla is the reigning the men’s relays, while the United States Frenchman . Ole Einar competition this season and are the favorites World and Olympic champion in the sprint and Sweden will be tough to beat in the team Bjørndalen, all-time winningest Winter to take home the gold. and has won the sprint cup the last two sea- sprint. If Norway doesn’t win the 4x5km Olympian, did not qualify or receive a spe- sons. She will have to fight off women’s relay, I’ll be very surprised. cial place for his seventh Olympics. nordic Combined Norway is also a huge favorite in the leads the World Cup and has men’s relay, having won all the relays earlier won the last few World Cup races. He seems in the season. France might be a challenger. to be in increasingly good shape and is one The women’s team also has a shot at a of the favorites in all the individual races. medal, but their shooting has been of varying Norway will most likely be fighting for quality this year, to put it mildly. second place behind Germany in the relay.

alpine Skiing Snowboard has been one of the The snowboard competitions are always Custom jewelry in best skiers in the world for the last 15 years. close, so it’s hard to predict a winner. How- He is suffering from a knee injury that might ever, Marcus Kleveland is incredibly talent- silver and gold set him back a bit, but he is still, along with ed and won last year’s slopestyle competi- from Switzerland, the biggest tion in the X-games. featuring favorite in the Downhill race. I will be sur- Silje Norendal missed her chance of prised if he doesn’t get at least one medal in winning the slopestyle gold in Sochi. If she Norwegian filigree, either the downhill or Super-G. keeps a cool head, she most definitely is one is almost as big a favorite of the favorites to win the Big Air competi- Nordic designs and in the Super-G as Svindal is in the downhill tion. race, but he has harder competition. He’s Scandinavian leading the Super-G cup and is almost al- ways on the podium. Håvard Lorentzen has been the leading gemstones by Henrik Kristoffersen, Norway’s boy 1,000m skater this year and is the favorite to wonder, has been amazing ever since his take home the gold medal. He is one of the Debra Carus breakthrough in the World Cup four years top contenders on the 500m race, too. ago but will get tough competition from Aus- trian legend . Kristoffersen Jo Christian Weldingh grew up in Lilleham- Elentari-handverk.com is on the podium in almost every race. Based mer, Norway, and lives in Oslo. He has a [email protected] on the last couple of seasons, either Hirscher bachelor’s degree in archaeology from the or Kristoffersen will win the slalom gold. If I University of Oslo and a bachelor’s degree in 971-221-8151 were to guess, I would say that Kristoffersen business administration from BI Norwegian wins the silver in slalom and the bronze in Business School. giant slalom. the american NorwegiaN Winter Sports February 9, 2018 • 23 Memories of Olympics past: Lillehammer’s games Crazy pants return The Norwegian curlers bring their world- still a source of pride famous pants back to the Winter Olympics

VicToria HoFmo Brooklyn, N.Y.

I remember the Lillehammer chill; the sport lovers, it now has space for training, a streets cloaked in a coat of frosty snow. Lo- health spa, a climbing wall, and golf simula- cal rucksacks sprouted Norwegian flags tors. It includes courts for handball, badmin- trumpeting national pride in an understated ton, volleyball, and football. It has also held manner. the Eurovision singing contest and conven- I went to see the ice dancing, pairs tions. And the striking Olympic Hall event. I know—not the Norwegian winter designed to replicate an upside down Viking sport of choice. But I love the artistry, the ship, created for speed-skating tournaments, elegance, and how two talents together can has since held the Speedway Grand Prix, create something more than two alone. concerts starring Beyoncé and Andrea Bo- I didn’t only come for the competition; I celli, and the Gathering—a computer party. truly wanted to immerse myself in the Olym- Cleverly, the organizers used the Olym- Photos: (above) team / Facebook, pic fever, to see how this international phe- pics as an opportunity to expand Lilleham- (right) Emily C. Skaftun nomenon would be articulated in Norway. mer’s existing art museum, choosing the ar- Curling pants, then and now. Above, the 2018 The first thing that struck me was how thechitectural firm Snøhetta, a newbie of just six curling team shows off one of this year’s 12 sets Norwegian sense of social consciousness years old at the time. Today, the firm is world of fancy pants, while one pair of the original sen- and responsibility was implemented into the renowned for its design ability and attention sations hangs in the Norwegian Olympic Museum experience, not just for the visitors but also to detail, from the intricate man-made bee- inside Lillehammer’s Maihaugen (right). for the inhabitants. hives found on the roof of Oslo’s Food Mar- With an ear to those who felt the cost ket to the monumental World Trade Center of holding the Olympics exorbitant and Memorial Museum. Snøhetta clad the exte- Jo cHrisTiaN WeldiNgH wasteful, there was attention paid as to how rior of its addition in warm wooden curves, Oslo the new buildings, which needed to be con- harking back to the main material used in the structed for specific Olympic uses, (a - pre innate Nordic traditions of ship and structure When the official Norwegian Olympic requisite for those holding the event), would construction. The work has been nicknamed apparel was presented in New York on Jan. be used after the event was over. Norway’s the grand piano because of its curved shape. 23, it was revealed that the colorful Norwe- Olympic Village (accommodations for the The purpose of expansion was multifold. gian curling pants will be making a come- contestants) was built in the style of local First, one of the Olympic Committee’s re- back in Pyeongchang in February. Skip matching jackets, knickers, and socks. Gudbrandsdal farms and later repurposed as quirements for host locations is to have ven- Thomas Ulsrud and the rest of the Norwe- Heading into the Pyeongchang Olym- student housing for the Lillehammer Univer- ues for cultural activities related to the event. gian curling team will be sporting 12 differ- pics, the Norwegian curlers’ fashion sense is sity College. It would also soften the original museum’s ent attires, one for each game. once again ready to be in the headlines of the Håkons Hall, built for hockey games, brutal style and bring art to the town’s market The Norwegian curling pants made their international press. Loudmouth has provided was constructed by digging into the ground, surprising debut in Vancouver 2010 and im- 12 unique uniforms, one for each group stage so it would not be so imposing. A Valhalla for See > lillEHammEr, page 27 mediately caught the eyes of Olympic view- and potential playoff game. ers all over the world. In the 600-year-old The golf brand is obviously aware of the sport of curling, the breach of dress code huge marketing potential within the Olympic actually caused some minor controversy. Games and has also agreed to cover all the “Curling is similar to golf in that way, very other expenses the curling team might have, bound to tradition,” said Christoffer Svae, an agreement that’s sorely needed for the Norwegian curler and fashionista master- Norwegian amateurs. mind. “When we started playing with color- “It’s a big deal for us,” Thomas Svae ful pants, people were shaking their heads.” said. “All the attention makes it easier to get The pants gave the Norwegian team a sponsors back home too. Everyone wants to lot of extra attention and more than half a be identified with us and our pants.” million new followers on Facebook. “Even though some might have looked The fashion stunt in Vancouver came as a down their noses at us, at first, I think most result of Svae’s sudden whim when shopping curling players are eager to promote their for golf apparel. In Sochi 2014, however, the sport in every way possible,” he continued. Norwegians had acquired a sponsorship deal Along with Svae and Ulsrud, Torger with clothing brand Loudmouth. In their first Nergård and Håvard Vad Pettersson will be venture outside the world of golf, Loudmouth defending Norway’s honor and fashion sense designed pants in red, white and blue, with in Pyeongchang.

Photo: tokle / Wikimedia Commons Håkons Hall can hold 11,500 people yet blends right in to the surroundings in an example of Lille - Back by popular demand! hammer’s forethought in planning their Olympics in 1994. Unlike many buildings constructed for the games, it’s still in use 24 years later. A Taste of Norway: Flavors from The Norwegian American cookbook: Now in its THIRD printing, a collection of recipes from the pages of The Nor- wegian American. This beautiful spiral- bound cookbook covers main cours- es, soups and sides, and of course sweets. It even has a few drink recipes! Open Mon - Sat 9:30am - 5pm $34 + shipping 2709 SAN PABLO AVENUE BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94702 Email [email protected], 510.705.1932 call (206) 784-4617, or buy it at: email [email protected] www.norwegianamerican.com/cookbook the american 24 • February 9, 2018 Winter Sports NorwegiaN Meet the best of Team USA Norway may be a Winter Olympics powerhouse, but as Norwegian Americans, we can still root for the US to put up a good fight in some sports—and dominate others

win the Grand Prix title since 2009. In 2017, the Grand Prix at Stonemass in Colorado, he took gold in the ISU Grand Prix Final and and second in the Toyota U.S. Grand Prix at micHael kleiNer the Four Continents Championships, and Mammoth Mountain in California, gave him The Norwegian American at the U.S. Figure Skating Championships the Olympic nod. McRae Williams, 27, is the became the first man to complete five quadcurrent world champion. Jo cHrisTiaN WeldiNgH jumps in one performance. In 2016, Chen Entering the Toyota U.S. Grand Prix at Oslo was the youngest American man (17) to ever Snowmass in Colorado Jan. 12, defending medal at the ISU Grand Prix Final Olympic halfpipe champion David Wise, 27, alpine Skiing This could be one of the best American needed gold, or silver if an American didn’t The question is who will finish behind ice dance teams with pairs Evan Bates, 28, win the event, to qualify for the Olympics. Mikaela Shiffrin, 22. In her Olympic debut and Madison Chock, 25; Madison Hubbell, He nailed the gold, to go along with his gold four years ago, Shiffrin became the youngest 26, and Zachary Donohue, 27; and Maia at the Toyota U.S. Grand Prix at Copper skier to win a gold medal in slalom. She fin - Shibutani, 23, and Alex Shibutani, 26. The Mountain, Colorado. ished first in the overall World Cup standings three pairs finished within 0.52 of each other Maddie Bowman, 24, returns to defend in 2017 and leads this year by a huge margin. at last month’s U.S. Figure Skating Champi- her gold in the halfpipe at Sochi, the first Shiffrin finished first in World Cup slalom in onships. Bates will be in his third Olympics, year for women’s halfpipe at the Olympics. 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2017 and took a gold the first time for an American ice dancer. She qualified with a second at Mammoth in the slalom and silver in the giant slalom in Hubbell and Donohue captured gold at last Mountain, Calif., in Feb. 2017, a third at the the 2017 World Championships. month’s U.S. championships, leaving no Dew Tour in Breckenridge, Colo., and a sec- Among the men, , 33, beset doubt they would make their Olympic debut ond in the Toyota Grand Prix at Snowmass in by injuries, is the best American medal hope- after a fourth-place finish denied them a trip Colorado on Jan. 12 ful. This will be his fourth Olympics. He in 2014. Siblings Maia and Alex Shibutani, Ashley Caldwell, 24, heading to her third took a gold in the giant slalom four years ago or “Shib Sibs,” are in their second Olympics. Olympics in women’s aerials, is not the same In eight seasons, they have been on the po- in Sochi—and that’s his best event to medal. Photo: Peżot / Wikimedia person who finished 10th both times. She is Jessica Diggins (3rd) at a flower ceremony in the dium at the U.S. Championships each year, defending world champion, ranked eighth in Bobsled 2015/2016 World Cup season. won 15 Grand Prix medals (six gold), a na- the world—the top spot for an American— This may be the first Olympics for tional championship, and became only the and has won 12 World Cup medals. She is Hakeem Abdul-Saboor, 30, but he and his third American duo with three world medals. primed to become the first American woman teammates have turned in some impressive in a World Cup in Seefeld, Austria, on Jan. Bradie Tennell, 20, winning the U.S. Na- to medal in aerials since 1998. performances in the 2017-18 season, racking 28, her fourth career individual World Cup tional Championships and earning an Olym- The U.S. also has the men’s aerial world up three gold medals, two silvers, and three victory. Diggins made her Olympic debut pic spot last month, culminated a comeback. champion in Jon Lillis, 23, the first time bronzes. Pilot Nick Cunningham, 32, will be four years ago skiing in four events with a In 2015, she won the U.S. junior champion- Americans are holding both titles since 1996. in his third Olympics and is the Americans’ highest place of eighth. ship at age 15, but injuries cost her most of The American women dominate the most experienced driver. The U.S. is one of the favorites in the the next two seasons. world mogul rankings, holding four of the Codie Bascue, 23, will also be making team sprint, and Diggins will be joined by top 10 spots, led by top-ranked Jaelin Kauf, his Olympic debut, as the top four-man driv- either Sadie Bjornsen, 28, who is making 21. Kauf medaled thrice this season. Morgan er. Chris Fogt, 34, will be in his third Olym- her second Olympic appearance, or Sophie Schild, 20, medaled twice during qualifying pics, which includes a bronze in the four- Caldwell, 27. At the 2017 World Champion- and is ranked seventh. Keaton McCargo, 22, man with pilot, the late Steve Holcomb in ships, Bjornsen picked up a bronze in the is ranked eighth, and Tess Johnson, 17, holds 2014. Steve Langton, 34, took two bronzes team sprint classic and a fourth in the 4x5k the 10th spot. All four will be performing in at Sochi in the two- and four-man with - relay. Caldwell finished sixth in the sprint their first Olympics. comb as pilot. The Americans are competing freestyle at Sochi in 2014. , On the men’s side, Bradley Wilson, 25, for the memory of Holcomb, a three-time 35, will be skiing in a record fifth Olympics. is the only one with Olympic experience. He Olympian who won three Olympic medals, is ranked seventh. 10 world championships, and 60 World Cup titles. ice Hockey Taylor and Jamie Greubel Poser, 34, The United States will be one of 12 pace the women’s sledders as they began teams competing in Pyeongchang. The tour- the 2017-18 season as the top ranked driv- nament will be the first since 1994 not to ers in the world. They are now second and include players from the National Hockey third, respectively, behind Canada’s Kallie League, so the team will be composed of Humphries. Taylor collected a silver in So- college players, American Hockey Leaguers, chi and bronze in Vancouver (2010), while and American players playing professionally Poser earned a bronze in 2014. America is in Europe. The men’s ice-hockey tournament the only country to medal in every Olympics is always a close affair. There are usually six since women’s bobsled was inaugurated in or seven nations with a decent chance at win- 2002. Lauren Gibbs, 33, debuts as Taylor’s ning the gold medal, the American team be- brakeman, after a gold with Poser and silver ing one of them. with Taylor in November’s World Cup. Aja Photo: Sarah Brunson / uS Ski & Snowboard American hockey fans might have to Evans, 29, also returns to the Olympics after Devin Logan was the first to qualify in slopestyle trust the women’s team to bring home a gold a bronze with Poser four years ago and will and halfpipe skiing. medal. They won the silver four years ago be the brakeman for Poser. Evans earned two after a frustrating 3-2 overtime loss against silvers in the World Cup in November. Poser Canada. The American team has had several readied for her second Olympics with a gold Freestyle Skiing close matches against their Canadian rivals and two silvers in the World Cup. Devin Logan, 25, made history by be- over the last year, most recently winning 3-2 coming the first athlete to qualify inon the Oct. 22 and losing 1-5 three days later. Cross-Country Skiing slopestyle and halfpipe events. Logan took Brianna Decker, currently Team USA’s top The import of 26-year old Jessica Dig- Photo: luu / Wikimedia home silver in the slopestyle in 2014. She scorer, recently told NBC Sports that success gins finishing third in the Jan. 7 Evan Bates and Madison Chock at the 2015 won silver in the last halfpipe qualifying in Pyeongchang means “a gold medal.” at Val di Fiemme, Italy, behind Norway’s Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final. event on Jan. 17, then qualified in the- slope Heidi Weng and Ingvild Flugstad Østberg, style. To qualify, an athlete must receive two Speed skating is significant. No American woman has ever medals in at least two events in a season. The men long trackers didn’t medal in medaled in Olympic cross-country skiing. Figure Skating Gus Kenworthy, 26, who won silver in 2014 for the first time since 1984. Two-time ’s silver medal in the 30km in 1976 Nathan Chen may be 18 and skating in slopestyle at the 2014 Olympics for an Amer- Olympian , 31, gives them the is the lone hardware in the event for Amer- his first Olympics, but what a season he’s ican sweep, returns and follows figure skater best chance as he qualified in three events: ica. Diggins also beat Weng and Norwegian had so far. He went undefeated during the Adam Rippon as the openly gay American Ragnhild Hala in a 10km freestyle mass start Grand Prix season, becoming the first man toWinter Olympians. His first-place finish in Continued on the next page > the american NorwegiaN Winter Sports February 9, 2018 • 25 Marit Bjørgen aims for the history books The skier needs four more medals to become the winningest Winter Olympian

Photo: Sasha krotov / Wikimedia Speed skater Heather Bergsma competing in 2016.

< Continued from previous page

1,000m, 1,500m and mass start—a new Snowboarding event this year, not seen in long track since The shoulder-length red hair is gone, the 1932 Olympics. Since 2014, Mantia, a but Shaun White is back for his fourth 28-time world champion in inline skating, Olympics. Now 31, the man who became has won nine of his 10 World Cup medals in the face of snowboarding nailed a perfect the 1,500m and mass start. , 35, score in his last halfpipe run at the Toy- is back for his fifth Olympics as the all-time ota Grand Prix in Snowmass, Colo., last World Cup points leader. month. White picked up gold at the 2006 Heather Bergsma, 28, and Brittany Olympics when he was 19, and again in Bowe, 29, are the women stars. Bergsma 2010, but settled for fourth in 2014. He qualified in four events with two firsts in wasthe ranked third in the World Cup stand- 1,000m and mass start, and two seconds in ings in 2017. He’s earned 23 career Winter Photo: Cephas / Wikimedia Commons the 500m and 1,500m in the U.S. Olympic X Games medals with six consecutive half- Marit Bjørgen races in the 2017 Ski Tour Canada in in March 2017. Trials. This is Bergsma’s third Olympics. pipe championships from 2008 to 2013. In three World Cup events this season, she Three-time Olympic medalist Kelly added three medals to her career haul of 85 Clark, 34, Chloe Kim, 17, and Maddie Jo cHrisTiaN WeldiNgH (34 golds, 30 silvers, 21 bronzes) since the Mastro, 17, qualified for the women’s- half Oslo 2010-11 season. The surprise was Bowe pipe team. This will be a snowboard re- besting Bergsma in the 500m and 1,500m cord fifth Olympics for Clark. That means After adding three gold medals to her as usual, when the Games begin. at the Olympic Trials. Bergsma is the world Kim and Mastro were almost 2 years old collection in Sochi 2014, Norwegian cross- Winter sports expert Fredrik Aukland champion in the 1,500m. when Clark won her first Olympic gold in country skier Marit Bjørgen brought her says that there are only two non-Norwegians Maame Biney, 17, originally from Gha- 2002. At the time, Clark was the young- lifetime Olympic total to six golds, three sil- that can hope to beat Bjørgen in the Olym- na, made history in December by becoming est American snowboarder to medal at 18. vers, and one bronze, making her the most pics. “Charlotte Kalla, obviously, she has the first African-American to qualify for the Kim and Mastro might change that. Kim decorated female winter Olympian ever, had a great season so far and has already Olympics in short-track speed skating. She was the first snowboarder to qualify for the heading into her fifth Olympic games- inbeaten Py Bjørgen a couple of times, and Amer- is a former medalist on the 500 meters in the Olympics with two wins—and a second— eongchang, South Korea. If her performance ican Jessica Diggins.” Junior World Championship. in four early qualifying events. Before she in the last few championships is anything to Jessica Diggins has four World Champi- was 16, Kim won three golds in X Games, go by, Bjørgen has a good chance of surpass- onship medals on her record, including one Ski Jumping the first athlete to do so at that young age. ing fellow Norwegians, cross-country skier gold medal from the team sprint in Val di , 2013 World Cham- In just her second World Cup event, Kim Bjørn Dæhlie and biathlete Ole Einar Bjørn- Fiemme in 2013. She also has three World pion, has been plagued by injuries the last landed two consecutive 1080s and a per- dalen, to become the most-decorated winter Cup wins in the 5km freestyle. Diggins’s couple of years but will be back competing fect 100 score. Olympian of them all. Since neither man is best chance for a gold medal is probably in in Pyeongchang. If Hendrickson, 23, is back Jamie Anderson, 27, gold medalist in competing in the games this year, she only the 5km freestyle or the team sprint where to her usual level of performance, she might 2014, Julia Marino, 20, and Hailey Lang- needs to win four medals. she’ll team up with either Sophie Caldwell be a legitimate medal contender. land, 17, were the automatic qualifiers in Bjørgen, now 37 years old, got her big or Sadie Bjornsen. All three skiers have per- slopestyle—that was the order of the fin- breakthrough when she won the bronze in the formed really well so far this season and ish at the Toyota Grand Prix at Mammoth 2001 Norwegian Championship in her first they’re all in the top seven in the sprint cup. Mountain. A few days after Mammoth, season as a senior. Bjørgen initially excelled at Bjørgen is thinking about participating Anderson overcame a crash on her first the sprint events, winning the 2002-03 sprint in all six cross-country skiing events in the run to capture X Games Aspen, dethroning cup. However, in the 2004-05 season, Bjørgen Olympics, a plan some experts have publicly champion Marino. It was Anderson’s re- also became an accomplished distance skier, asked her to rethink. Bjørgen has, with age, cord 14th X Game medal. She has medaled winning the overall World Cup. lost some of her top speed, and her results in in every one of her X Games slopestyle Her big international beginning came the sprints are not as good as they used to be. events and Snowboarding.transworld. in the Word Championship in Obertdorf in Her biggest chances of winning a gold medal net picks her to win gold in slopestyle. 2005 where she won three gold medals, one are in the 20km duathlon and the 30km clas- Yet Marino has also been impressive the silver, and one bronze. sic, and of course the 4x5km relay. last two seasons, medaling in three of five Bjørgen went on to be the best female Bjørgen turns 38 in March and has re- qualifying events in combined slopestyle cross-country skier the world has ever seen. alized that her career is coming to an end, and big air. In her X Games debut in Janu- In addition to her 10 Olympic medals, she and that this season might be her last. “We’ll ary 2017, she captured gold in slopestyle has won 26 World Championship medals, see,” she said, when asked last summer. “I’m and bronze in big air. Langland medaled in the World Cup four times, Tour de Ski, and thinking about it and will decide when the two qualifying events and captured gold in 24 Norwegian Championships. Her 112 season is over. One year at a time.” big air at 2017 X Games Aspen. World Cup wins is a record for any winter No matter what she decides when the Lindsey Jacobellis, 32, is a five-time sports athlete. season is over, what is certain is that this will defending world champion in snowboard- When the Olympic torch reaches Py- be her last Olympics. “The Olympics is my cross, with three prior trips to the Olym- eongchang, Bjørgen is once again the one to only priority this season. It will be my last Photo: Sarah Brunson / uS Ski & Snowboard pics, but she is still chasing an elusive beat. She has been bested a couple of times Olympics for sure, so I will do everything in Jamie Anderson, gold medalist in 2014, is the fa- gold medal. Three crashes in each subse- this season by Swede Charlotte Kalla but has my power to perform as well as I possibly vorite to win the slopestyle snowboarding event. quent Olympics followed a silver in 2006. promised that she will be in peak condition, can.” the american 26 • February 9, 2018 Winter Sports NorwegiaN A history of dominance: Norway’s stunning array of Winter Olympics medals

Photos: (left) norsk Bergverksmuseum, (above) Hedmarksmuseet Left: Birger and , siblings who were two of the top ski jumpers in the 1930s. Above: Norway’s Olympic speed-skating team in 1932: , Haakon Pedersen, Erling Lind- boe, , , and .

< mEdalS Vik have led a revival in the last 26 years. Kristian Furuseth, while Kjus earned silvers and bronze in the 5,000m and In 1992, , Lundberg, and in the downhill and combined. Aamodt re- 10,000m. In 1976, took gold From page 18 Trond Einar Elden led Norway to a silver turned to the podium in 2002 with golds in in 1,500m in Olympic record time, Stensen Ski jumping (9-9-12-30) in the ski jump and 3x10km relay. In front combined and Super-G, while Kjus took sil- gold in 5,000m and silver in the 10,000m, and Talk about being king of the hill(s). Nor- of the home fans in 1994, Lundberg took ver in the downhill and bronze in giant sla- Jørn Didriksen silver in 1,000m. way won 14 of the first 18 medals in 1924, gold, Vik bronze in the normal-hill jump, lom. Aamodt picked up another gold in the Everyone trailed American (of Norwe- 1928, 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952. In 1924, Jacob and Vik/Apeland/Lundberg the silver in the Super-G in 2006, Norway’s lone medal in gian descent) with golds in all Tullin Thams and Narve Bonna took the top team jump and race. The Norwegians swept alpine skiing in that Olympics. five events in 1980, four Olympic records, two spots, with Thorleif Haug fourth and Einar gold in 1998 as Vik won both the jump and The new Norwegian star in downhill and one world record. Landvik fifth. American Anders Haugen took 15km race in the individual event, and Lun- was Aksel Lund Svindal, who captured three and Tom Erik Oxholm had to be satisfied the bronze, but he was born in Bø, Telemark. dberg, Kenneth Braaten, Halldor Skard, and medals in 2010. Kjetil Jansrud took the silver with silver and bronze in their races. Ådne The Ruud brothers led the way in the next few Vik took the team medal for a ski jump and in the giant slalom, then came back in 2014 Søndrål skated a world record time to win Olympics. Sigmund took the silver to team- 4x5km race. After being shut out in 2002, to win the Super-G and take the bronze in the 1,500m in 1998 after a silver in 1992, mate in 1928, then got a silver in the sprint and downhill. Rising star Henrik Kristoffersen then picked up a bronze in 2002. led a Norwegian sweep in 1932. In Nazi Ger- bronze in individual in 2006. In 2014, Nor- took bronze in slalom. With eight medals in Norway hasn’t medaled in the 500m many in 1936, Birger won gold again, with way won four medals, gold and silver in individual events, Aamodt trails Bjørndalen since 1968, the 1,000m since 1984, or the third and Kaare Wahlberg individual large hill-jump/10km from Jør- and Dæhlie on the Olympics list. 10,000m since 2002. They have just four fourth. A 12-year layoff didn’t hurt Birger gen Graabak and Moan, respectively, and medals in the last five Olympics. much, as he earned the silver in 1948 to team- gold from the team of Grabaak, Håvard Kl- Speed skating (25-28-27-80) Medals in women’s speed skating mate with Thorleif Schjelde- emetsen, and Moan in large Johan Olav Koss is the one of the most weren’t given until 1960. Lisbeth Korsmo rup taking the bronze. Before 120,000 people hill/4x5km, and bronze from Krog in indi- decorated Norwegian speed skaters and is as was the first Norwegian woman to medal at Holmenkollen in 1952, vidual normal hill/10km. respected for his humanitarian works off the with a bronze in the 3000m in 1976. Bjørg took gold, Torbjørn Falkanger silver, while ice. He took gold in the 1,500m and silver Eva Jensen set an Olympic record in win- Halvor Næss tied for fourth. in 10,000m in 1992, then took three golds ning the 3,000m in 1980. The Ruud brothers then opened sport- at Lillehammer in 1994 with world record ing-goods stores. Norway amazingly didn’t times in all. Figure skating (3-2-1-6) medal in 1956, 1960, 1972, 1976, 1980, got Norway off to a good Norway’s most internationally known 1984, 1992, 1998, and 2002. Rising to the start in 1924 with two silvers and three Olympian was figure skater . occasion in Lillehammer in 1994, Espen bronzes. He picked up a bronze in the 500m She competed in the 1924 Games at age 11, Bredesen took gold in the normal-hill in- in 1928, giving him six overall, but the new then won the ladies’ singles in 1928, 1932, dividual and silver in large-hill individual, stars were Bernt Evensen (gold in 500m, and 1936. Norway has not medaled in fig- while Lasse Ottessen won silver on the nor- silver in 1,500m, bronze in 5,000m) and ure skating since 1936. From 1964 to 1992, mal hill. Ivar Ballangrud (gold in 5,000m, bronze in Norway did not send any figure skaters to the Maybe fortunes are starting to change, as 1,500m). In 1932, most of the Norwegians Olympics. Anne Line Gjersem in 2014 was Norway has medaled in the last three Olym- boycotted with Finns, Swedes, and Japa- the first since 1992. pics. In 2006, Lars Bystøl took gold on the nese protesting Americans’ mass start, but normal hill and bronze on the large hill, while Evensen and Ballangrud both took home sil- Roar Ljøkelsøy captured bronze on the nor- ver medals. Norway swept the gold in 1936 mal hill. The two joined Bjørn Einar Romøren Photo: arne F. køpke / national archives with Ballangrud winning three golds and a and for the bronze in Stein Eriksen, Alpine ski star, signs augtographs silver for seven total. large-hill team. Four newcomers—Anders in 1954. Norway continued to rule the ice after Bardal, Tom Hilde, Johan Remen Evensen, the war with three golds in 1948 (Finn Hel- and Anders Jacobsen—repeated as bronze gesen, , ), a sil- medalists in large hill team in 2010, and Bar- alpine skiing (10-9-10-29) ver, and bronze from . It was dal took bronze on the normal hill in 2014. Stein Eriksen won giant slalom in 1952 ’s turn to dominate the po- at Norefjell then came to the U.S. to teach dium in 1952 in Oslo with three golds. nordic Combined (13-9-8-30) his craft here. Norway didn’t win a medal Knut Johannesen’s Olympic record led Nordic Combined, which includes ski in downhill skiing again until 1992 when a sweep of the 5,000m in 1964 with Per Ivar jumping and cross-country, is another event Kjetil André Aamodt won gold in the Super- Moe and . Maier grabbed dominated by Norwegians in the first Olym- G and in the slalom. the silver and Johannesen the bronze in the piads. They won all of the first 12 medals. Aamodt took bronze in giant slalom and Jan 10,000m. With two medals each from 1956 After a long dry spell, they have picked up Einar Thorsen bronze in the Super-G. Two and 1960, Johanessen had a total of six. hardware in five of the last seven Olympics. years later, the Norwegians swept the com- Netherlands began its ascension in 1968 Haug took gold in 1924, followed by bined with , Aamodt, and Harald with nine men’s and women’s medals. Yet Ma- teammates Strømstad and Grøttumsbråten, Christian Strand Nilsen. Aamodt took silver ier set a world record in winning the 5,000m. who led the sweeps in 1928 and 1932. Odd- in downhill behind American (of Norwegian He also got a silver in the 10,000m. Legend- bjørn Hagen, Olaf Hoffsbakken, and Sverre descent) Tommy Moe and took bronze be- ary Dutch skater took three golds Photo: Bundesarchiv Brodahl were on the medal stand in 1936. hind Moe in Super-G. Hans Petter Buraas in 1972, while Norway’s Roar Grønvold Sonja Henie, by far Norway’s most famous—and Fred Børre Lundberg and Bjarte Engen won gold in slalom in 1998, followed by Ole picked up silver in the 1,500m and 5,000m most decorated—figure skater. theNorwegiaNamerican Winter Sports February 9, 2018 • 27

< Ski GodS From page 21 cluded Russia, the United States, and United ters, 5,000 meters and all-around. From Kingdom, but not Norway—or other coun- 1918 to 1940, the Norwegians and Finns tries. The Netherlands Skating Union, which won every gold at the world champion- was created in 1882, organized world cham- ships. Austria and Latvia picked up med- pionships in 1890 and 1891. The Interna- als in the European Championships. tional Skating Union—the first international Controversy reigned at the 1932 winter sport association—was established Olympics. Europeans raced in pairs in the Netherlands in 1892. Paulsen was the with each skater in his own lane. North world champion speed skater from 1882- Americans raced in packs, the precursor 1890. He was also a figure skater. In 1882,to short-track speed skating. The United he developed a new jump—while wearing States and Canada won seven medals, speed skates—that became known as the Norway two. Many Norwegians, Swedes, Axel. Finns—including defending world cham- There were three important subsequent pion Thurnberg—and Japanese success- developments in speed skating. Weather fully protested, and packs were outlawed. conditions in the Netherlands prevented Short-track speed skating in packs was quality natural ice from developing. The ad- added to the Olympics in 1992. Mass start vent of artificial ice entered the Olympics in returns this year. 1960 and the subsequent availability in the Women skaters were allowed to par- Netherlands allowed the Orange to become ticipate in the Olympics in 1928, but not Photo: Jan-tore Egge / Wikimedia Commons the dominant country in speed skating. The to medal until 1960. A second expansion to the Lillehammer Art Museum, also by Snøhetta, was completed in 2016 and 1994 Lillehammer Games were the first to Aerodynamic suits and a longer added this metallic-looking element while linking buildings, revamping space, and adding an exhibi- hold speed skating indoors. This has also led “clap skate” have also contributed to tion hall. to faster times. faster times. In more recent Olympics, At the inaugural 1924 Olympics, Ameri- Germany, Japan, Russia, and China have < lillEHammEr can Charles Jewtraw won the first gold med - also been strong contenders. Despite in- From page 23 al amidst complaints from Norwegians about venting the sport, Scotland has never won timing, while Finland made its presence felt a speed-skating medal. square, which the museum abuts. Of course, gians who had turned their backs on bunads with capturing the 1,500 me- the expansion remains to this day, and the art and the like as being too old fashioned were museum hosts a fine collection. now taking a second look. The Lilleham- One of the most visionary decisions— mer Olympics created a renaissance—gjen- and least sexy—made by the organizers fødelse—rebirth for Norwegian crafts and Sports News & Notes touched every attendee at the games: all craftsmanship, as can only happen when an food containers were made from plant mate- outsider sees, appreciates, and points out the Winter Olympics: Unlucky Bøkko gets Track and field: Ingebrigtsen sets rials, and were thus biodegradable. So even values of your own culture. five stitches European record the environmental costs were considered to While at the airport, one could not help Speedskater Håvard Bøkko was unlucky Jakob Ingebritsen (17) ran in at 7:56.74 in ameliorate the impact on the surrounding but notice that all the TVs were tuned to the during skating practice in Pyeongchang 3000m at the indoor Nordic Champion- communities. Olympic games, of course. I watched as the on Feb. 4. He suffered both pulled mus- ship in track and field in Bærum, on Feb. The cultural climate and tone unique to Norwegians won yet another gold. One of cles and cuts after a fall, but his participa- 4. His time set the European record for this country was most enjoyable. One day, I the airline staff shouted in delight but quick- tion in the Winter Olympic games is not juniors in long distance. Earlier he was escaped the cold to have a memorable meal ly became self-conscious of his pride. He at 8:00.3. Naturally, this new time also in danger. Bøkko had to get five stitches. in a wooden cabin with a blazing fire, con- quickly apologized to me. I responded, “No “Let us hope that it goes better from here brought him the Nordic Championship structed for the event. Rømmegrøt, aquavit, need. You should be proud.” on out,” wrote Bøkko on Instagram. gold medal. “Jakob shows that he is con- and smoked trout warmed me from head to The feeling of joyful exuberance and (NRK) tinuing in his development,” commented toe. pride could not be contained, not even when Håvard Tjørholm, top sports manager in The Sámi were well represented, dis- in conflict with the long-held social more of Bandy: Norway loses in the quarter track and field. playing their tents, crafts, and brilliant cloth- janteloven. Why should it? The little country finals (NRK) ing. They would answer questions, educat- of Norway came in second only to the huge ing many about a culture that is rarely en- country of Russia in the number of medals Norway lost 1-6 against Kazakhstan in the Track and field: Warholm sets new quarterfinals of the World Championship countered outside this part of the world. won—26 in all, with 10 gold, 11 silver, and in bandy and was not able to match their record for Norway Norwegian traditions were also high- five bronze. This small area near Lilleham- fourth-place position in last year’s World Karsten Warholm stormed in at 44:59 in lighted. The textile handicrafts were espe- mer was able to seamlessly manage a sub- Championship. Norway now stands 2-45 the 400m at the Nordic Championship cially prevalent, and the tourists gobbled stantial increase in population, share their in goals against their opponents. indoors in Bærum on Feb. 4. With this them up. I don’t believe so many Norwegian culture with the world, respect the commu- (NRK) time, he again set a new Norwegian re- sweaters have ever been sold in one month's nities holding the event, and do it all with cord. It was only one week ago that he time. But, more than that, younger Norwe- understated, authentic Norwegian flavor. Cross-country skiing: Gjerdalen wins did exactly the same thing, but this time in Italy he improved that record by 0.29 seconds. (NRK) < riGidity There was a mass sprint to the finish to de- termine the outcome of the long-distance From page 8 race from Toblach to Cortina on Feb. 3. A Golf: Skarpnord in second place in Australia to draft him. He was offered a place in the training and races, but the national team has total of 11 competitors came in together World Cup in Planica, Slovenia, but was un- been blocking him from the races he wanted in the last kilometer, and it was Norway’s After the 69th round on Feb. 2, Norway’s fortunately out again with parainfluenza. On to attend, especially Tour de Ski. who was strongest. Marianne Skarpnord tied for second place halfway through the Victoria Open in Jan. 22, the Norwegian Ski Federation pub- In an Olympic season, competitors with He won ahead of (Rus- licly announced that Northug was not chosen winning records such as Johaug or Northug sia) and teammate Andreas Nygaard. Australia, the first tournament of the year in the women’s European tour. for the Norwegian men’s team competing in should be allowed to choose more freely (NRK) (NRK) the World Championship in Seefeld. This put what contests they want to attend. They are the nail in the coffin for Northug’s hope to experienced competitors with a winning participate in this year’s Olympic Games. mentality and the whole picture should be The 2017-2018 season has not been taken into account, not just how they per- good for Petter Northug, but the blame form at a few single races during the season. should be divided between the national team The Olympics will not be the same without Newspaper ads never go out and Northug’s own team. He has faced a lot those two. of style. Place yours today! of troubles with sickness and has lost some

Call 206-784-4617 or email [email protected] Subscribe to The Norwegian American! to request a personalized advertising proposal (206) 784-4617 •฀[email protected] the american 28 • February 9, 2018 Back Page NorwegiaN Norwegian Language Corner One-of-a-kind Norwegian Adventure Textile Tour September 4 -18, 2018 NORWEGIAN FOLK TALES, FAIRY TALES ANd TROLLS

Volume 1

With 18 classic folk tales, fairy tales and trolls from Norway in Norwegian and English, Tuss og Troll is now se- • VALDRES BUNAD PRESENTATION ON FOLDEDRAKT & BUNAD • GLASS DEMO • FOLK DANCING rialized in The Norwegian American’s Norwegian Language Corner. The stories are from the collections of Peter • SILVER SMITHING • DYRSKU’N • HEIMEN HUSFLID TOUR • HADELAND GLASS DEMO • CLASSES Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe, and retold by Øyvind Dybvad, Gard Espeland, Velle Espeland, Johannes Farestveit, and Nana Rise-Lynum. Translated by Alexander Knud Huntrods and Odd-Steinar Dybvad Raneng. • GUDBRANDSDAL WOOL TOUR • MAIHAUGEN MUSEUM • TELESPINN SPINNERI Illustrated by Solveig Muren Sanden and Jens R. Nilssen. Tuss og Troll was edited, designed, and published by Join Sue Sutherland, owner of Bunad Butikken as she journeys around the eastern part of Norway. Deb Nelson Gourley of Astri My Astri Publishing. Copyright © Norsk Barneblad. Focus on skill, artistry and history surrounding the bunad. For specific detailed list visit: www.bunadbutikken.com First deposit required by February 25, 2018

Legend of Siljatjern Seter: Life, love and faith on a Norwegian mountain dairy By Gunlaug Nøkland • Bilingual English Norwegian text SAVE • Hardcover, 6″x 9″, 448 pages 60% • Recipes & pictures of old seter life • Was $29.95, now only $11.95 plus $4.95 S/H in USA Legend of Siljatjern Seter tells the story of Mette agreeing to take a summer job as a budeie (dairy maid) on an old-fashioned demonstration dairy called Siljatjern (Silja’s pond) Seter. Now you can experience life as your ancestors lived in Norway before they immigrated to America. Call, send check or visit website Astri My Astri Publishing Phone: 563-568-6229 Deb Nelson Gourley [email protected] 602 3rd Ave SW, Waukon, IA 52172 www.astrimyastri.com

June June23 - 24-AugustAugust 3, 4, 2018 2017 Six Weeks of Academic Achievement and International Goodwill

Give the Gift of Education! KJETTA På DOVRE THE CAT ON DOVRE MOUNTAIN RANGE del 3 av 3 part 3 of 3

Bjørnen brende seg på den varme kur- But the bear burnt himself on the hot ven. Og no fekk trollungen sjå at det var ein sausage. And now the young troll saw that bjørn og ingen katt som låg ved grua. this was a bear and not a cat that lay by the Bjørnen reiste seg opp og grylte, og no fireplace. vart trolla redde. Dei storma ut, både store The bear rose up and growled, and og små. now the trolls were scared. They all stormed Kvitbjørnen for etter dei, og trolla fekk out, both large and small. det travelt med å koma seg til skogs. Dei The polar bear raced after them, and sprang og snåva i dei lange rovene og i na- the trolls were in such a hurry to get to the sane sine. forest that they ran and stumbled on their året etter var mannen, som heitte Hall- long tails and noses. vor, i julaftan og skulle henta heim The following year, the man who was ved til helga, for han venta trolla i år også. called Hallvor was in the forest on Christ- Medan han hogg, høyrde han det ropa mas Eve to bring home wood for the eve- borti skogen: — Hallvor! Hallvor! ning, as he was expecting the trolls again — Ja, sa Hallvor. this year. — Har du den store kjetta di enno? As he chopped the wood, he heard a — Ja, ho ligg ved grua. call over in the forest: “Hallvor! Hallvor!” — Og no har ho fått sju ungar som er “Yes,” said Hallvor. mykje større enn henne, sa Hallvor. “Do you still have that big cat of — Då kjem vi aldri meir til deg, ropa yours?” det borti skogen. Og sidan har ikkje trolla “Aye, it lies by the fireplace. ete julegraut hos han Hallvor på Dovre. “And now she has had seven young ones that are much bigger than she is,” said Hallvor. www.uio.no/summerschool ∙ [email protected] ∙ 1-800-639-0058 “Then we’ll never come back to your www.uio.no/summerschool ∙ [email protected] ∙ 1-800-639-0058 Tuss og Troll 2-vol set house again,” cried the voice in the forest. $35.95 with FREE And ever since then, the trolls have never Subscribe to The Norwegian American Weekly! shipping in USA. eaten Christmas porridge with Hallvor at www.astrimyastri.com Dovre Mountains. (206)฀784-4617฀•฀[email protected]