DOCSLIB.ORG

(Plecoptera) of the Canadian Prairie Provinces

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Plecoptera) of the Canadian Prairie Provinces 201 Chapter 7 Stonefl ies (Plecoptera) of the Canadian Prairie Provinces Lloyd M. Dosdall Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science University of Alberta, Edmonton Donna J. Giberson Department of Biology University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown Abstract. Most Plecoptera (stonefl y) species require cool, well-oxygenated water and are therefore not as well represented in prairie grassland habitats as they are in steep mountain streams or forested habitats. One hundred thirty-one species of Plecoptera have been recorded from the Prairie Provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, including 61 that occur in or border aquatic habitats in the Prairies Ecozone. Alberta has the highest stonefl y diversity because of its proximity to the mountains (108 species, 104 of which occur in the mountains), and the diversity in Saskatchewan is similar to that of Manitoba at 44 and 46 species, respectively. Only 2 of the 61 Prairies Ecozone species (Perlesta dakota and Pteronarcys pictetii) are restricted to this ecozone in Canada, and most of the species that occur in the Prairies Ecozone also occur in the Boreal Shield and Boreal Plains ecozones (40 species) and/or in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone (42 species). A list of species collected for each province and ecozone is provided, with references and probable refugial origins. Information on stonefl y ecology, taxonomic works, zoogeography, and importance as monitoring tools pertinent to the region is also presented. Résumé. La plupart des espèces de plécoptères (perles) ont besoin d’eau fraîche et bien oxygénée et ne sont donc pas aussi présentes dans les habitats des prairies qu’elles ne le sont dans les cours d’eau des habitats de montagne ou de forêt. On a recensé 131 espèces de plécoptères dans les provinces des prairies — Alberta, Saskatchewan et Manitoba —, y compris 61 vivant à l’intérieur ou à la périphérie d’habitats aquatiques de l’écozone des prairies. L’Alberta présente la plus grande diversité de plécoptères à cause de la proximité des Rocheuses (108 espèces, dont 104 se trouvent en montagne), tandis que la Saskatchewan et le Manitoba présentent des diversités semblables (44 et 46 espèces respectivement). Seules 2 des 61 espèces de l’écozone des prairies (Perlesta dakota et Pteronarcys pictetii) sont exclusives à cette écozone au Canada, la plupart des espèces observées dans l’écozone des prairies se trouvant également dans les écozones du bouclier boréal et des plaines boréales (40 espèces) ou dans l’écozone de la cordillère alpestre (42 espèces). Une liste des espèces prélevées dans chaque province et dans chaque écozone est fournie, accompagnée de références et d’informations sur les refuges d’où elles sont probablement issues. On présente enfi n des informations sur l’écologie des plécoptères, les études taxonomiques réalisées sur ces insectes, leur zoogéographie et leur importance en tant qu’outils de surveillance pertinents pour la région. Introduction Stonefl ies (Plecoptera) (Fig. 1) spend most of their life cycles as aquatic larvae before emerging from the water as terrestrial adults. The majority of stonefl ies require well- oxygenated water and are found in clean, cool, fast-fl owing streams and rivers (Hynes 1976; Stewart and Harper 1996; Stewart and Stark 2002, 2008), although a few species are also known from cold boreal and alpine lakes (Harper 1979; Donald and Anderson 1980; Dosdall and Lehmkuhl 1987). This restricts most Canadian species to areas such as the Dosdall, L. M. and D. J. Giberson. 2014. Stonefl ies (Plecoptera) of the Canadian Prairie Provinces. In Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands (Volume 3): Biodiversity and Systematics Part 1. Edited by H. A.Cárcamo and D. J. Giberson. Biological Survey of Canada. pp. 201-229. © 2014 Biological Survey of Canada. ISBN 978-0-9689321-6-2 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3752/9780968932162.ch7 Species checklist available at http://dx.doi.org/10.5886/gaqds797 202 L. M. Dosdall and D. J. Giberson western mountains and forested areas of the east and north (Harper 1979; Miyazaki and Lehmkuhl 2011). In the grassland portions of the Prairie Provinces (Mixed Grassland and Moist Mixed Grassland ecoregions; Shorthouse 2010), cool and well-oxygenated habitats (at least in summer) are relatively rare and few species have adapted to warm, slow-moving prairie waters; thus, stonefl y diversity is comparatively low (Harper 1979; Dosdall and Lehmkuhl 1987; Miyazaki and Lehmkuhl 2011). Adults are poor fl iers (Stewart and Stark 2002), and so the prairie landscape effectively acts as a dispersal barrier between eastern and western species. A B C D E Fig. 1. Examples of Plecoptera from the Canadian Prairie Provinces. A, Acroneuria abnormis nymph, B, Claassenia sabulosa nymph, C, Perlesta dakota adult, D, Pteronarcys dorsata adult, E, Winter stonefl y adult on snow. All photos by L. Dosdall except for C, Perlesta, which is by Dale Parker. Stonefl ies (Plecoptera) of the Canadian Prairie Provinces 203 Relatively little recent research has focused specifi cally on the Plecoptera of the Canadian Prairie Provinces. Early workers who contributed to the knowledge of the western Canadian fauna included Banks (1907), Neave (1929, 1933, 1934), and Ricker (1943, 1944, 1946). Ricker listed only 23 species from the Canadian Prairies and adjacent parkland (Ricker 1946) and an additional 11 species from the northern Prairie Provinces (Ricker 1944) on the basis of his collections and specimens from the Canadian National Collection. Ricker continued to work on the Canadian fauna for several years and made several important contributions to the knowledge of western Canadian stonefl ies (e.g., Ricker 1952, 1964; Ricker et al. 1968; Ross and Ricker 1971; Stewart and Ricker 1997). Regional taxonomic treatments with information on species from the Canadian Prairie Provinces followed (e.g., see list in Table 1), but no further attempts were made to provide a systematic list for this region until 1979, with the publication of “Stonefl ies (Plecoptera) of Saskatchewan” (Dosdall and Lehmkuhl 1979). That work increased the number of known Saskatchewan species from 11 to 41 (with two additions listed in Dosdall 1992), largely due to extensive new collecting in all areas of the province. Twenty-fi ve of these species were found in the Prairies Ecozone (as defi ned in Shorthouse 2010), though eight of these were restricted to the Cypress Hills. Subsequently, Flannagan and Flannagan (1982) listed 38 species of stonefl ies and their postglacial distributions from Manitoba, and they identifi ed 21 species that were present in the Prairies Ecozone. Burton (1984) reported 44 species in Manitoba from a combination of historical records and new collecting, with 22 from Prairies Ecozone streams and rivers. There is no equivalent comprehensive published treatment of the Alberta stonefl ies except at the generic level (Clifford 1991), and so it Table 1. References that provide identifi cation keys relevant to stonefl ies from the Canadian Prairies. Family Reference All Needham and Claassen 1925; Baumann et al. 1977; Stewart and Oswood 2006; Stewart and Stark 2008. Capniidae Nebeker and Gaufi n 1965 (Capnia columbiana complex); Harper and Hynes 1971b; Nelson and Baumann 1987 (Capnura); Nelson and Baumann 1989 (Capnia); Stark and Baumann 2004 (Paracapnia); Zenger and Baumann 2004 (Isocapnia). Nemouridae Harper and Hynes 1971d; Baumann 1975; Baumann and Kondratieff 2010 (Lednia). Leuctridae Harper and Hynes 1971a; Stark and Kyzar 2001 (Paraleuctra); Baumann and Stark 2009 (Paraleuctra alta). Taeniopterygidae Harper and Hynes 1971c; Fullington and Stewart 1980 (Taeniopteryx); Stanger and Baumann 1993 (Taenionema); Stewart 2000. Chloroperlidae Fiance 1977; Surdick 1985; Alexander and Stewart 1999 (Suwallia); Surdick 2004. Peltoperlidae Stark 2000. Perlidae Stark and Gaufi n 1976 (Acroneuria); Peckarsky 1979 (Acroneuria); Stark and Szczytko 1981 (Paragnetina); Stark 1989 (Perlesta placida complex); DeWalt et al. 2001 (Perlesta); Kondratieff and Baumann 1999 (Perlesta); Stark 2004. Perlodidae Szczytko and Stewart 1979 (Isoperla); Kondratieff 2004; Sandberg and Stewart 2005 (Isogenoides). Pteronarcyidae Nelson 2000. 204 L. M. Dosdall and D. J. Giberson is diffi cult to draw comparisons with the wide range of ecoregions and habitats found in the province. Information on the Alberta prairie fauna must be gleaned from regional taxonomic and ecological studies (e.g., Radford and Hartland-Rowe 1971; Donald and Anderson 1977, 1980; Barton 1980; Donald 1980; Donald and Mutch 1980; and see Table 1). For example, Donald and Anderson (1977) reported 74 species in the Waterton River drainage extending from the subalpine headwater zone in the Rocky Mountains to the grasslands of the Prairies Ecozone near Lethbridge, and Donald and Mutch (1980) found 59 species in their study of the Bow River. In both studies, the highest diversity was found in the mountain streams, with a sharp decline in diversity into the Prairies Ecozone. Overall, the taxonomy of stonefl ies has improved dramatically during the last 25 years. A well-illustrated larval key to the North American genera was published in 1988 and updated in 2002 (Stewart and Stark 2002), and a generic key to the North American larvae and adults can be found in Stewart and Stark (2008) with an accompanying thorough list of ecological and taxonomic references. More recently, several attempts have been made to bring together distributional and taxonomic information on the stonefl y species in North America (Stark et al. 1986, 1998), including an
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Insects Are Dramatically Underrepresented in Genomic Research
    insects Communication Aquatic Insects Are Dramatically Underrepresented in Genomic Research Scott Hotaling 1,* , Joanna L. Kelley 1 and Paul B. Frandsen 2,3,* 1 School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84062, USA 3 Data Science Lab, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20002, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (P.B.F.); Tel.: +1-(828)-507-9950 (S.H.); +1-(801)-422-2283 (P.B.F.) Received: 20 August 2020; Accepted: 3 September 2020; Published: 5 September 2020 Simple Summary: The genome is the basic evolutionary unit underpinning life on Earth. Knowing its sequence, including the many thousands of genes coding for proteins in an organism, empowers scientific discovery for both the focal organism and related species. Aquatic insects represent 10% of all insect diversity, can be found on every continent except Antarctica, and are key components of freshwater ecosystems. However, aquatic insect genome biology lags dramatically behind that of terrestrial insects. If genomic effort was spread evenly, one aquatic insect genome would be sequenced for every ~9 terrestrial insect genomes. Instead, ~24 terrestrial insect genomes have been sequenced for every aquatic insect genome. A lack of aquatic genomes is limiting research progress in the field at both fundamental and applied scales. We argue that the limited availability of aquatic insect genomes is not due to practical limitations—small body sizes or overly complex genomes—but instead reflects a lack of research interest. We call for targeted efforts to expand the availability of aquatic insect genomic resources to empower future research.
    [Show full text]
  • Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 PBRIA a Newsletter for Plecopterologists
    No. 10 1990/1991 Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 PBRIA A Newsletter for Plecopterologists EDITORS: Richard W, Baumann Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 Peter Zwick Limnologische Flußstation Max-Planck-Institut für Limnologie, Postfach 260, D-6407, Schlitz, West Germany EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Bonnie Snow REPORT 3rd N orth A merican Stonefly S ymposium Boris Kondratieff hosted an enthusiastic group of plecopterologists in Fort Collins, Colorado during May 17-19, 1991. More than 30 papers and posters were presented and much fruitful discussion occurred. An enjoyable field trip to the Colorado Rockies took place on Sunday, May 19th, and the weather was excellent. Boris was such a good host that it was difficult to leave, but many participants traveled to Santa Fe, New Mexico to attend the annual meetings of the North American Benthological Society. Bill Stark gave us a way to remember this meeting by producing a T-shirt with a unique “Spirit Fly” design. ANNOUNCEMENT 11th International Stonefly Symposium Stan Szczytko has planned and organized an excellent symposium that will be held at the Tree Haven Biological Station, University of Wisconsin in Tomahawk, Wisconsin, USA. The registration cost of $300 includes lodging, meals, field trip and a T- Shirt. This is a real bargain so hopefully many colleagues and friends will come and participate in the symposium August 17-20, 1992. Stan has promised good weather and good friends even though he will not guarantee that stonefly adults will be collected during the field trip. Printed August 1992 1 OBITUARIES RODNEY L.
    [Show full text]
  • An Extra-Limital Population of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs, Cynomys Ludovicianus, in Central Alberta
    46 THE CANADIAN FIELD -N ATURALIST Vol. 126 An Extra-Limital Population of Black-tailed Prairie Dogs, Cynomys ludovicianus, in Central Alberta HELEN E. T REFRY 1 and GEOFFREY L. H OLROYD 2 1Environment Canada, 4999-98 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6B 2X3 Canada; email: [email protected] 2Environment Canada, 4999-98 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6B 2X3 Canada Trefry, Helen E., and Geoffrey L. Holroyd. 2012. An extra-limital population of Black-tailed Prairie Dogs, Cynomys ludovicianus, in central Alberta. Canadian Field-Naturalist 126(1): 4 6–49. An introduced population of Black-tailed Prairie Dogs, Cynomys ludovicianus, has persisted for the past 50 years east of Edmonton, Alberta, over 600 km northwest of the natural prairie range of the species. This colony has slowly expanded at this northern latitude within a transition ecotone between the Boreal Plains ecozone and the Prairies ecozone. Although this colony is derived from escaped animals, it is worth documenting, as it represents a significant disjunct range extension for the species and it is separated from the sylvatic plague ( Yersina pestis ) that threatens southern populations. The unique northern location of these Black-tailed Prairie Dogs makes them valuable for the study of adaptability and geographic variation, with implications for climate change impacts on the species, which is threatened in Canada. Key Words: Black-tailed Prairie Dog, Cynomys ludovicianus, extra-limital occurrence, Alberta. Black-tailed Prairie Dogs ( Cynomys ludovicianus ) Among the animals he displayed were three Black- occur from northern Mexico through the Great Plains tailed Prairie Dogs, a male and two females, originat - of the United States to southern Canada, where they ing from the Dixon ranch colony southeast of Val Marie are found only in Saskatchewan (Banfield 1974).
    [Show full text]
  • Isoperla Bilineata (Group)
    Steven R Beaty Biological Assessment Branch North Carolina Division of Water Resources [email protected] 2 DISCLAIMER: This manual is unpublished material. The information contained herein is provisional and is intended only to provide a starting point for the identification of Isoperla within North Carolina. While many of the species treated here can be found in other eastern and southeastern states, caution is advised when attempting to identify Isoperla outside of the study area. Revised and corrected versions are likely to follow. The user assumes all risk and responsibility of taxonomic determinations made in conjunction with this manual. Recommended Citation Beaty, S. R. 2015. A morass of Isoperla nymphs (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) in North Carolina: a photographic guide to their identification. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources, Biological Assessment Branch, Raleigh. Nymphs used in this study were reared and associated at the NCDENR Biological Assessment Branch lab (BAB) unless otherwise noted. All photographs in this manual were taken by the Eric Fleek (habitus photos) and Steve Beaty (lacinial photos) unless otherwise noted. They may be used with proper credit. 3 Keys and Literature for eastern Nearctic Isoperla Nymphs Frison, T. H. 1935. The Stoneflies, or Plecoptera, of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Bulletin 20(4): 281-471. • while not containing species of isoperlids that occur in NC, it does contain valuable habitus and mouthpart illustrations of species that are similar to those found in NC (I. bilineata, I richardsoni) Frison, T. H. 1942. Studies of North American Plecoptera with special reference to the fauna of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Bulletin 22(2): 235-355.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with an Annotated Checklist of the Species for Pennsylvania
    The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 29 Number 3 - Fall 1996 Number 3 - Fall 1996 Article 2 October 1996 New Records of Stoneflies (Plecoptera) With an Annotated Checklist of the Species for Pennsylvania E. C. Masteller Behrend College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Masteller, E. C. 1996. "New Records of Stoneflies (Plecoptera) With an Annotated Checklist of the Species for Pennsylvania," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 29 (3) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol29/iss3/2 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Masteller: New Records of Stoneflies (Plecoptera) With an Annotated Checklis 1996 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOlOGIST 107 NEW RECORDS OF STONEFLIES IPLECOPTERA} WITH AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE SPECIES FOR PENNSYLVANIA E.C. Masteller1 ABSTRACT Original collections now record 134 species in nine families and 42 gen­ era. Seventeen new state records include, Allocapnia wrayi, Alloperla cau­ data, Leuctra maria, Soyedina carolinensis, Tallaperla elisa, Perlesta decipi· ens, P. placida, Neoperla catharae, N. occipitalis, N. stewarti, Cult us decisus decisus, Isoperla francesca, 1. frisoni, 1. lata,1. nana, 1. slossonae, Malirekus hastatus. Five species are removed from the list ofspecies for Pennsylvania. Surdick and Kim (1976) originally recorded 90 species of stoneflies in nine families and 32 genera from Pennsylvania. Since that time, Stark et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Future Possible Dry and Wet Extremes in Saskatchewan, Canada
    !"#"$%&'())*+,%&-$.&/01&2%#& 34#$%5%)&*0&6/)7/#89%:/0;& </0/1/&& '$%=/$%1&>($&#9%&2/#%$&6%8"$*#.&?@%08.;&6/)7/#89%:/0& 3&29%/#(0;&A&A(0)/,;&B&2*##$(87&&CDEF&& 6G<&'"+&H&EFIJCKE3EF& & Future Possible Dry and Wet Extremes in Saskatchewan, Canada Prepared for the Water Security Agency, Saskatchewan E Wheaton Adjunct Professor, University of Saskatchewan and Emeritus Researcher, Saskatchewan Research Council Box 4061 Saskatoon, SK, 306 371 1205 B Bonsal Research Scientist, Environment Canada Adjunct Professor, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK V Wittrock Research Scientist, Saskatchewan Research Council Saskatoon, SK November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roughts and extreme precipitation are extreme climate events and among the most costly and disruptive environmental hazards.
    [Show full text]
  • Caspar Creek Macroinvertebrate Assemblage Responses to Forest Management
    Caspar Creek macroinvertebrate assemblage responses to forest management and hydrologic disturbance Robert J. Danehy1 and Ivan Arismendi2 1 Catchment Aquatic Ecology, 5335 Saratoga St., Eugene, OR 97405 2 Oregon State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Citation: Danehy, R.J. and I. Arismendi. 2018. Caspar Creek macroinvertebrate assemblage responses to forest management and hydrologic disturbance. Unpublished Report prepared for the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, contract # 8CA03674. Sacramento, CA. 18 p. Title: Caspar Creek macroinvertebrate assemblage responses to forest management and hydrologic disturbance Danehy1 R.J. and I. Arismendi 2 Abstract: We analyzed data sets from the Caspar Creek Watershed study, with a 55-year comprehensive record of hydrologic regime in two sub-watersheds with different logging treatments, and three separate instream biologic studies conducted since 1990. Long-term data sets of instream biota are rare, and we used them to investigate sediment regime response to forest harvest and extremes in flow regime. Increases in sediment transport after logging were observed in the North Fork during second experiment at Caspar Creek in the 1990’s. Our analysis found turbidities were higher after logging across the range of flows including high magnitude/short duration as well as low magnitude/long duration events. However, few sediment impacts to macroinvertebrate assemblages were observed above and below tributaries with upstream harvest. Specifically, there were no differences in presence/absence of sediment sensitive taxa before and after logging. Moreover, North and South Forks sensitive taxa distributions were similar. With the South Fork, we compared 2016 and 2017 macroinvertebrate assemblages collected in July and May respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeographic and Nested Clade Analysis of the Stonefly Pteronarcys
    J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 2004, 23(4):824–838 q 2004 by The North American Benthological Society Phylogeographic and nested clade analysis of the stonefly Pteronarcys californica (Plecoptera:Pteronarcyidae) in the western USA JOHN S. K. KAUWE1 Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 USA DENNIS K. SHIOZAWA2 Department of Integrative Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 USA R. PAUL EVANS3 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 USA Abstract. Long-distance dispersal by aquatic insects can be difficult to detect because direct mea- surement methods are expensive and inefficient. When dispersal results in gene flow, signs of that dispersal can be detected in the pattern of genetic variation within and between populations. Four hundred seventy-five base pairs of the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome b, were examined to inves- tigate the pattern of genetic variation in populations of the stonefly Pteronarcys californica and to determine if long-distance dispersal could have contributed to this pattern. Sequences were obtained from 235 individuals from 31 different populations in the western United States. Sequences also were obtained for Pteronarcella badia, Pteronarcys dorsata, Pteronarcys princeps, Pteronarcys proteus, and Pter- onarcys biloba. Phylogenies were constructed using all of the samples. Nested clade analysis on the P. californica sequence data was used to infer the processes that have generated the observed patterns of genetic variation. An eastern North American origin and 2 distinct genetic lineages of P.californica could be inferred from the analysis. Most of the current population structure in both lineages was explained by a pattern of restricted gene flow with isolation by distance (presumably the result of dispersal via connected streams and rivers), but our analyses also suggested that long-distance, over- land dispersal has contributed to the observed pattern of genetic variation.
    [Show full text]
  • In Baltic Amber 85
    Overview and descriptions of fossil stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Baltic amber 85 Entomologie heute 22 (2010): 85-97 Overview and Descriptions of Fossil Stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Baltic Amber Übersicht und Beschreibungen von fossilen Steinfliegen (Plecoptera) im Baltischen Bernstein CELESTINE CARUSO & WILFRIED WICHARD Summary: Three new fossil species of stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae and Leuctridae) from Eocene Baltic amber are being described: Zealeuctra cornuta n. sp., Lednia zilli n. sp., and Podmosta attenuata n. sp.. Extant species of these three genera are found in Eastern Asia and in the Nearctic region. It is very probably that the genera must have been widely spread across the northern hemisphere in the Cretaceous period, before Europe was an archipelago in Eocene. The current state of knowledge about the seventeen Plecoptera species of Baltic amber is shortly presented. Due to discovered homonymies, the following nomenclatural corrections are proposed: Leuctra fusca Pictet, 1856 in Leuctra electrofusca Caruso & Wichard, 2010 and Nemoura affinis Berendt, 1856 in Nemoura electroaffinis Caruso & Wichard, 2010. Keywords: Fossil insects, fossil Plecoptera, Eocene, paleobiogeography Zusammenfassung: In dieser Arbeit werden drei neue fossile Steinfliegen-Arten (Plecoptera: Nemouridae und Leuctridae) des Baltischen Bernsteins beschrieben: Zealeuctra cornuta n. sp., Lednia zilli n. sp., Podmosta attenuata n. sp.. Rezente Arten der drei Gattungen sind in Ostasien und in der nearktischen Region nachgewiesen. Sehr wahrscheinlich breiteten sich die Gattungen in der Krei- dezeit über die nördliche Hemisphäre aus, noch bevor Europa im Eozän ein Archipel war. Der gegenwärtige Kenntnisstand über die siebzehn Plecoptera Arten des Baltischen Bernsteins wird kurz dargelegt. Wegen bestehender Homonymien werden folgende nomenklatorische Korrekturen vorgenommen: Leuctra fusca Pictet, 1856 in Leuctra electrofusca Caruso & Wichard, 2010 und Nemoura affinis Berendt, 1856 in Nemoura electroaffinis Caruso & Wichard, 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts
    Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts September 15, 2013 This report is the result of several years of field data collection, analyses and IBI development, and consideration of the opportunities for wetland program and policy development in relation to IBIs and CAPS Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI). Contributors include: University of Massachusetts Amherst Kevin McGarigal, Ethan Plunkett, Joanna Grand, Brad Compton, Theresa Portante, Kasey Rolih, and Scott Jackson Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Jan Smith, Marc Carullo, and Adrienne Pappal Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Lisa Rhodes, Lealdon Langley, and Michael Stroman Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop a fully empirically-based method for developing Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) that does not rely on expert opinion or the arbitrary designation of reference sites and pilot its application in forested wetlands, coastal salt marshes and wadable freshwater streams in Massachusetts. The method we developed involves: 1) using a suite of regression models to estimate the abundance of each taxon across a gradient of stressor levels, 2) using statistical calibration based on the fitted regression models and maximum likelihood methods to predict the value of the stressor metric based on the abundance of the taxon at each site, 3) selecting taxa in a forward stepwise procedure that conditionally improves the concordance between the observed stressor value and the predicted value the most and a stopping rule for selecting taxa based on a conditional alpha derived from comparison to pseudotaxa data, and 4) comparing the coefficient of concordance for the final IBI to the expected distribution derived from randomly permuted data.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams Erin D
    South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2017 Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams Erin D. Peterson South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Peterson, Erin D., "Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1677. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INVERTEBRATE PREY SELECTIVITY OF CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS) IN WESTERN SOUTH DAKOTA PRAIRIE STREAMS BY ERIN D. PETERSON A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree for the Master of Science Major in Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences South Dakota State University 2017 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS South Dakota Game, Fish & Parks provided funding for this project. Oak Lake Field Station and the Department of Natural Resource Management at South Dakota State University provided lab space. My sincerest thanks to my advisor, Dr. Nels H. Troelstrup, Jr., for all of the guidance and support he has provided over the past three years and for taking a chance on me.
    [Show full text]