The IDOR (Idaho-Oregon Transect) Earthscope Project
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Hydrogeologistthe
HydrogeologistThe Newsletter of the June 2000 GSA Hydrogeology Division Issue No. 52 Message from the Chair Greetings: continue. The size of our annual meeting has now reached the point where we have at least a few concurrent sessions, Recently, I have been thinking about the role that forcing people to make a choice. This is good, and brings us professional societies and organizations such as GSA play. into the same league as the Fall AGU meeting. However, In doing so, I am reminded of the first day of my high school the cusp that we are on is that we don’t quite have the biology class. The teacher started the class by asking us the attendance to properly fill the meeting rooms for our following question: “What is the most important thing in sessions. It would be great if, in a couple of years, a major science?” Even to a bunch of skeptical high school students, topic of discussion at the Division business meeting would this question became quite intriguing and generated much be: “How do we get more space for our program? The discussion. The teacher let the discussion go on for quite meeting rooms are so full that people can’t get in to hear the awhile without giving away his answer to this question, and talks”. needless to say, nobody figured it out. His answer was a simple, one-word answer: “communication”. I guess the How do we create such a happy problem for our Division? reason I remember this incident so well is that the answer In real estate, the answer is “location, location, location”. -
Professional Honors
Professional Honors • Mary Anderson received the year 2000 C.V. Theis Award from the American Institute of Hydrology (AIH) in recognition of “outstanding contributions in hydrol- ogy.” The award was established after Theis’ death in 1987 to honor a man who had a tremendous impact on the science of groundwater hydrology. It was said that Theis was “recognized by all of his associates as having no peers.” Former student Chunmiao Zheng presented the cittion for Mary at the annual meeting of the AIA. Anderson photo : Mary Chunmiao Zheng, left, Ken Bradbury and Charlie Andrews, right, convened a special session at the GSA meeting in Reno • Hydro alums Chunmiao Zheng, Charlie Andrews, and in honor of Professor Mary Anderson. Ken Bradbury convened a special all day session at the GSA meeting in Reno entitled: “25 Years of Groundwa- ter Modeling: A Special Session in Honor of Professor Mary Anderson.” The event drew many former • Charles W. Byers was one of four professors (UW hydros as well as a large audience of colleagues. Mary system-wide) to receive the Underkofler Excellence in presented a paper as did Herb Wang and current Teaching Award for the year 2000. The award is students Wes Dripps (with Mary and Randy Hunt as co- sponsored annually by Alliant Energy (Wisconsin authors), Tyson Strand (with co-author Herb Wang), Power and Light) and administered by the UW System. and Sue Swanson (with co-author Jean Bahr). Other Awardees are nominated by their departments and must former hydros who presented papers included Charlie demonstrate dedication to and mastery of the craft of Andrews, Ken Bradbury, Daniel Feinstein, Randy Hunt, teaching. -
Jean Bahr Finishing up Other Projects at the WGNHS
FACULTY NEWS 2002 Richard Allen about 60 water specialists including some 30 lawyers! The discussions Professor Allen’s report is published on preceding pages. were fascinating but after two days at an elevation of 8000 feet, I was feeling a little strange and was very glad to return to a more sensible Mary Anderson altitude. The year ended up with a trip to Las Vegas for NGWA’s Expo. I The year 2002 was a year of transition as I began a three-year term as hadn’t been to an Expo in 10 years but made the trip this time in my role Editor-in-Chief of the journal Ground Water in January, completed my as Editor-in-Chief of Ground Water. I attended committee meetings term as department chairman in June, and rotated off GSA’s Council in related to the journal and also attended the excellent technical sessions October. A colleague warned me that it would take about three months to run by AGWSE. Kudos to the technical session co-chairs Dave Rudolph “decompress” from being department chairman and this proved to be and HydroBadger Bill Woessner. Other trips in 2002 included Traverse true. A bumper crop of students finished in 2002. Yu-Feng Lin com- City, Michigan, in July for a conference on transboundary water issues and pleted the PhD in Geological Engineering and started a job at the Illinois to Denver for GSA where I re-united with many HydroBadgers at the State Water Survey in Champaign. Tina Pint finished the MS (co-advised department’s alumni party. -
Developing a Groundwater Flow Model for Slough Management in Sauk
DEVELOPING A GROUNDWATER FLOW MODEL FOR SLOUGH MANAGEMENT IN SAUK COUNTY, WI By Elisabeth Anne Schmietendorf Schlaudt A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geoscience) At the UNVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON 2017 i Abstract Sloughs along the Lower Wisconsin River act as a refuge and nursery habitat for riverine fish species, including the endangered Starhead topminnow. These sloughs are an important local economic resource for tourism and personal recreation such as fishing and boating. Since 2008, there has been a marked decrease in the water quality of the Lower Wisconsin River floodplain lakes. In particular, high phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, low dissolved oxygen levels, and dense metaphyton cover have been observed in these groundwater-fed lakes located within Sauk County, WI. Although the exact causes for the deterioration in water quality are unclear, nutrients applied via fertilizer and manure to sandy soils in the agricultural areas of the adjacent Pleistocene terrace are likely contributors to the problem. The objectives of this study are to identify key recharge zones contributing to the lakes and to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrient mitigation strategies for the sloughs. The primary tool for this work is a three-dimensional groundwater flow model developed as part of a Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources River Planning grant. Calibration targets include water level data collected over several years of continuous monitoring at over 20 well sites within the floodplain and along the river. Samples for nitrate, orthophosphate and dissolved oxygen concentrations, as well as stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, were collected to provide additional constraints on groundwater flow paths and on potential recharge area nutrient sources. -
Recent Surge Behavior of Walsh Glacier Revealed by Remote Sensing Data
sensors Article Recent Surge Behavior of Walsh Glacier Revealed by Remote Sensing Data Xiyou Fu 1,2 and Jianmin Zhou 1,* 1 Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China; [email protected] 2 College of Resoures and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 23 November 2019; Accepted: 22 January 2020; Published: 28 January 2020 Abstract: Many surge-type glaciers are present on the St. Elias Mountains, but a detailed study on the surge behavior of the glaciers is still missing. In this study, we used remote sensing data to reveal detailed glacier surge behavior, focusing on the recent surge at Walsh Glacier, which was reported to have surged once in the 1960s. Glacial velocities were derived using a cross-correlation algorithm, and changes in the medial moraines were interpreted based on Landsat images. The digital elevation model (DEM) difference method was applied to Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) DEMs to evaluate the surface elevation of the glacier. The results showed that the surge initiated near the conjunction of the eastern and northern branches, and then quickly spread downward. The surge period was almost three years, with an active phase of less than two years. The advancing speed of the surge front was much large than the maximum ice velocity of 14 m/d observed during the active phase. Summer speed-ups and a winter speed-up in ≈ ice velocity were observed from velocity data, with the speed-ups being more obvious during the active phase. -
AGI: Geoscience Has the Whole World in Its Hands
Thought Leadership When you think of the key components required for life on Earth, three Does that responsibility weigh heavily, things immediately spring to mind: food, water and energy. Geoscientists or does it simply feel like you present the are the people who research not only these three vital components, information and then it's up to public policy to respond accordingly? but instead focus their attention on the entire Earth system: its oceans, AGI: Geoscience JB: It definitely weighs heavily on me as a atmosphere, islands and continents, rivers and lakes, ice sheets and person and I certainly have strong feelings glaciers, soils, its complex surface, rocky interior, and metallic core. Nobody about the directions that I think we should go understands the importance of geoscience in the modern world better in terms of public policy, but I can't speak for than and , both from the the entire geoscience community. Part of what has the whole Dr Jean Bahr Ms Allyson Anderson Book informs my decisions on where we should go is American Geosciences Institute (AGI), who pinpoint education as the key my worldview and my values, and I don't know remaining challenge in furthering scientific understanding of Earth’s history. if all geoscientists share the same values. world in its Can you tell us about the background of the AGI and what it does? eoscience is the study of the Hello Dr Bahr and Ms Anderson Book! Why JB: AGI was founded in 1948 in response to Earth. The scientists responsible do you think the geosciences are particularly a directive from the National Academy of hands for such investigations, namely important to life on Earth at this particular Sciences. -
Of the Tasman Glacier
1 ICE DYNAMICS OF THE HAUPAPA/TASMAN GLACIER MEASURED AT HIGH SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RESOLUTION, AORAKI/MOUNT COOK, NEW ZEALAND A THESIS Presented to the School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Victoria University of Wellington In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTERS OF SCIENCE By Edmond Anderson Lui, B.Sc., GradDipEnvLaw Wellington, New Zealand October, 2016 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNATURE PAGE .................................................................................................................... TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................................................................... 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................... 2 LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... 9 LIST OF EQUATIONS ...........................................................................................................................10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................11 MOTIVATIONS ........................................................................................................................................12 -
Surge Dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011
The Cryosphere, 6, 1251–1262, 2012 www.the-cryosphere.net/6/1251/2012/ The Cryosphere doi:10.5194/tc-6-1251-2012 © Author(s) 2012. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Surge dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011 E. W. Burgess1, R. R. Forster1, C. F. Larsen2, and M. Braun3 1Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA 2Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA 3Department of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany Correspondence to: E. W. Burgess ([email protected]) Received: 21 February 2012 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 21 March 2012 Revised: 10 October 2012 – Accepted: 12 October 2012 – Published: 7 November 2012 Abstract. A surge cycle of the Bering Glacier system, exhibit flow speeds 10–100 times quiescent flow; they are Alaska, is examined using observations of surface veloc- relatively short, lasting from months to years, and can initi- ity obtained using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offset ate and terminate rapidly (Cuffey and Paterson, 2010). The tracking, and elevation data obtained from the University quiescent phase lasts decades, over which the glacier devel- of Alaska Fairbanks LiDAR altimetry program. After 13 yr ops a steeper geometry that triggers another surge event. The of quiescence, the Bering Glacier system began to surge in time required for the glacier geometry to steepen during qui- May 2008 and had two stages of accelerated flow. During escence dictates the duration of the quiescent phase and the the first stage, flow accelerated progressively for at least 10 surge cycle overall (Meier and Post, 1969; Raymond, 1987; months and reached peak observed velocities of ∼ 7 m d−1. -
Characteristics of the Last Five Surges of Lowell Glacier, Yukon, Canada, Since 1948
Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 60, No. 219, 2014 doi: 10.3189/2014JoG13J134 113 Characteristics of the last five surges of Lowell Glacier, Yukon, Canada, since 1948 Alexandre BEVINGTON, Luke COPLAND Department of Geography, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Field observations, aerial photographs and satellite images are used to reconstruct the past surges of Lowell Glacier, Yukon, Canada, since 1948 based on the timing of terminus advances. A total of five surges occurred over this time, each with a duration of 1±2 years. The time between successive surges ranged from 12 to 20 years, and appears to have been shortening over time. The relatively short advance and quiescent phases of Lowell Glacier, together with rapid increases in velocity during surges, suggest that the surging is controlled by a hydrological switch. The 2009±10 surge saw ablation area velocities increase by up to two orders of magnitude from quiescent velocities, and the terminus increase in area by 5.1 km2 and in length by up to 2.85 km. This change in area was the smallest since 1948, and follows the trend of decreasing surge extents over time. This decrease is likely driven by a strongly negative surface mass balance of Lowell Glacier since at least the 1970s, and means that the current town site of Haines Junction is very unlikely to be flooded by damming caused by any future advances of the glacier under the current climate regime. KEYWORDS: glacier flow, glacier mass balance, glacier surges, remote sensing 1. INTRODUCTION this mechanism, it is hypothesized that the glacier is frozen to The Yukon±Alaska border hosts the highest concentration of its bed when ice is thin, but that the bed reaches the pressure- surge-type glaciers in North America, with 136 out of the melting point when the ice thickens due to increased 204 surge-type glaciers identified in western North America insulation from low atmospheric temperatures. -
Groundwater Research Projects Funded FY 1985 – FY 2021
Wisconsin Groundwater Coordinating Council All Groundwater Research Projects Funded FY 1985 – FY 2021 Title Investigators Contract Funding UW DNR Period Agency # # A Simple Stochastic Model Predicting John A. Hoopes, John A. 07/30/1985- DNR WR85R 1 Conservative Mass Transport Through the Brasino, UW-Mad.. 06/01/1986 015 Unsaturated Zone Into Groundwater Groundwater Monitoring Project for Jeffrey K. Postle, Kevin 08/13/1985- DNR WR85R 2 Pesticides Brey, DATCP. 06/30/1990 007 Fate of Aldicarb Residues in a George J. Kraft, WGNHS. 12/05/1985- DNR WR85R 3 Groundwater Basin Near Plover, 06/30/1988 010 Wisconsin Volatile Organic Compounds in Small William C. Boyle, 10/25/1985- DNR WR85R 5 Community Wastewater Disposal Systems William C. Sonzogni, James 06/30/1986 023 Using Soil Absorption C. Converse, John A. Hoopes, James O. Peterson, E. Jerry Tyler, Bruce A. Greer: UW- Mad.. The Use of Groundwater Models to John A. Hoopes, 09/30/1985- DNR WR85R 6 Predict Groundwater Mounding Beneath Kathleen O. Slane, UW- 06/30/1986 014 Proposed Groundwater Gradient Control Mad. Systems for Sanitary Landfill Designs Evaluation Techniques for Groundwater John A. Hoopes, Howard 09/25/1985- DNR WR85R 7 Transport Models Trussell, UW-Mad. 06/30/1986 013 West Bend Area Road Salt Study Marianna Sucht, DNR 1986-1991 DNR WR85R 8 003 The Prediction of Nitrate Contamination Douglas S. Cherkauer, 11/25/1985- DNR WR85R 10 Potential Using Known Hydrogeologic Cynthia L.W. Cruciani, 06/30/1987 020 Properties Univeristy of Wisconsin- Mil. Investigation of Hydrogeology and Kennth R. Bradbury, 03/06/1986- DNR WR85R 12 Groundwater Geochemistry in the Shallow Maureen A. -
Decadal Region-Wide and Glacier-Wide Mass Balances Derived from Multi-Temporal ASTER Satellite Digital Elevation Models
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 07 June 2016 doi: 10.3389/feart.2016.00063 Decadal Region-Wide and Glacier-Wide Mass Balances Derived from Multi-Temporal ASTER Satellite Digital Elevation Models. Validation over the Mont-Blanc Area Etienne Berthier 1*, Vincent Cabot 1, Christian Vincent 2, 3 and Delphine Six 2, 3 1 Laboratoire d’Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, CNES, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France, 2 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LGGE, Grenoble, France, 3 Université Grenoble Alpes, LGGE, Grenoble, France Since 2000, a vast archive of stereo-images has been built by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection (ASTER) satellite. Several studies already extracted glacier mass balances from multi-temporal ASTER digital elevation models (DEMs) but they lacked accurate independent data for validation. Here, we apply a linear Edited by: regression to a time series of 3D-coregistered ASTER DEMs to estimate the rate of Francisco José Navarro, surface elevation changes (dh/dtASTER) and geodetic mass balances of Mont-Blanc Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, glaciers (155 km2) between 2000 and 2014. Validation using field and spaceborne Spain geodetic measurements reveals large errors at the individual pixel level (>1 m a−1) and Reviewed by: −1 2 Matthias Holger Braun, an accuracy of 0.2–0.3 m a for dh/dtASTER averaged over areas larger than 1 km . Friedrich-Alexander-Universität For all Mont-Blanc glaciers, the ASTER region-wide mass balance [–1.05 ± 0.37 m Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany −1 Mauro Fischer, water equivalent (w.e.) a ] agrees remarkably with the one measured using Spot5 and − University of Fribourg, Switzerland Pléiades DEMs (–1.06 ± 0.23 m w.e. -
Potential Climate Change Impacts to Stream Temperature in the Marengo River Headwaters
POTENTIAL CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS TO STREAM TEMPERATURE IN THE MARENGO RIVER HEADWATERS by Anna C. Fehling A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geological Engineering) at the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON 2019 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, thank you to my committee for their thoughtful guidance and support: Jean Bahr, Dave Hart, and Steve Loheide. Dr. Jean Bahr, my primary advisor, has provided valuable feedback throughout my education and career. It is an honor and privilege to be her final graduate student. Dr. Dave Hart of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS) is a pleasure to work with and I truly value him as a mentor and colleague. Dr. Steve Loheide is a thoughtful and engaging professor, and I appreciate his encouragement of critical thinking in all aspects of life. Thanks to the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), especially Greg Knight and Sue Reinecke, for their invaluable knowledge and interest in the site, for collaboration during fieldwork, and for providing project funding. Pete Chase and Catherine Christenson of the WGHNS provided fieldwork support, including collecting critical low flow measurements when I was in the hospital. I also thank Bill Selbig of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for guidance on the SNTEMP model, Daniel Vimont of UW-Madison for providing climate data, Steve Westenbroek of the USGS for sharing modeled recharge results, and Caroline Rose of the WGNHS for help developing figures. Thanks to Steve Gaffield, my friend and first hydrogeology mentor. Lastly, thank you to all my family, friends, and colleagues who supported me in returning to graduate school and starting a family at the same time.