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Las Manos En La Data Las manos en la data data_final.indd 1 21/07/2010 16:35:16 data_final.indd 2 21/07/2010 16:35:16 Las manos en la data Usos y abusos de la información pública Martín Dinatale Alejandra Gallo Damián Nabot data_final.indd 3 21/07/2010 16:35:16 Dinatale, Martín Las manos en la data : usos y abusos de la información pública / Martín Dinatale ; Alejandra Gallo ; Damián Nabot. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, 2008. 200 p. ; 23x16 cm. ISBN 978-987-1285-12-9 1. Información Pública. I. Gallo, Alejandra II. Nabot, Damián III. Título CDD 306.42 © Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Suipacha 1175, Piso 3º C1008AAW Ciudad de Buenos Aires República Argentina Tel: (54-11) 4326-2552 www.kas.org.ar [email protected] Diseño: Ana Uranga B. Infografías: Alejandro Bogado Corrección: Jimena Timor ISBN: 978-987-1285-12-9 Impreso en Argentina Hecho el déposito que establece la Ley 11.723 Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial, incluyendo fotocopia, sin la autorización expresa de los editores Mayo 2008 data_final.indd 4 21/07/2010 16:35:16 Dedico este libro a Tomás, mi hijo, que llegó una mañana soleada de abril, y a mi padre, Oscar, que partió un frío día de junio. A esa misteriosa encrucijada que me dio la vida en el año 2007. Martín Dinatale Para mis tres mosqueteros: Pancho (mi padre), Alejo y Tomás. ¿Qué haría sin ustedes? Alejandra Gallo A mis amigos. Ellos saben. Damián Nabot data_final.indd 5 21/07/2010 16:35:16 data_final.indd 6 21/07/2010 16:35:16 Índice Introducción................................................................................................................11 Capítulo 1. Agujeros negros ...................................................................................17 Caso Pampa Blanca ...........................................................................19 En busca del tiempo perdido ..........................................................22 Capítulo 2. Maquillajes ..........................................................................................25 Caso Trabuchi ......................................................................................27 Detrás del número .............................................................................28 Ni tan lejos ni tan cerca ...................................................................32 Un secretario, un índice ...................................................................36 Los coletazos del Índice ................................................................... 40 Las sospechas, la investigación ..................................................... 41 Ideas para desarmar el nudo ..........................................................47 Capítulo 3. Números y pobreza .......................................................................... 49 Caso Los Piletones ...............................................................................51 El “negocio” de los pobres ................................................................52 Criterios internacionales .................................................................54 Las peleas estadísticas por los pobres .........................................56 Campaña política, asistencialismo y el negocio de los organismos internacionales ...........................................................61 La asistencia del Estado ..................................................................66 La complicidad de los organismos internacionales ............... 68 Deuda social .......................................................................................69 Capítulo 4. Recaudación e intimidad ............................................................... 73 Caso Montoya ...................................................................................... 75 ¿Dónde saltar la valla?......................................................................76 Al alcance de las manos ...................................................................79 Qué dice la Ley ...................................................................................80 Montoya y el Google Earth............................................................. 84 Facturas blancas y negras .............................................................. 86 data_final.indd 7 21/07/2010 16:35:16 [] Las manos en la data Capítulo 5. Jubilados presa fácil ........................................................................ 89 Caso El calvario de Magdalena ......................................................91 Las denuncias ......................................................................................93 La operatoria ...................................................................................... 101 Los SWAT de la ANSeS .....................................................................103 Las salidas posibles..........................................................................108 Anexo ....................................................................................................113 Capítulo 6. Robo de identidad ............................................................................117 Caso Acerra ......................................................................................... 119 La necesidad de un DNI.................................................................. 123 Sin conciencia social ....................................................................... 125 Las fallas del sistema ......................................................................130 Fishing, farming y otras variedades de pesca ......................... 143 Posibles soluciones .......................................................................... 147 Capítulo 7. Información y control .....................................................................155 Caso Corredores viales.....................................................................157 Información y poder .......................................................................159 Capítulo . La oficina de habeas data (o la data que falta en la oficina) ...............................................163 Caso Bujanda .....................................................................................165 El sinuoso camino del habeas data ............................................168 La operatoria del descontrol .........................................................170 Hecha la ley, hecha la trampa .......................................................173 Conclusiones ............................................................................................................179 Algunos conceptos ...........................................................................181 Algunos matices ...............................................................................182 Algunas sugerencias finales ........................................................ 183 Listado de entrevistas realizadas ..................................................................... 191 Bibliografía ..............................................................................................................195 data_final.indd 8 21/07/2010 16:35:16 Agradecimientos En primer término, queremos agradecer a Christoph Korneli, director de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer en la Argentina, por la confianza y el apoyo permanente que nos dio para desarrollar esta investigación con to- tal libertad y sin condicionamiento alguno. También queremos dejar constancia de la colaboración que desde la misma fundación nos dieron en el año y medio de investigación Mónica Bing (nuestra “hada madrina”), Guadalupe y Candelaria Barrera, la co- rrectora Jimena Timor y la diseñadora Ana Uranga. Como ocurre con cualquier investigación periodística, ésta no hubiera existido sin nuestra red de fuentes (on y off the record), sin el respaldo de nuestros colegas de los diarios Clarín y La Nación y de la agencia de noticias DyN. Tampoco sin lo más valioso: la infinita paciencia de nuestras familias y la de los amigos que nos acompañaron durante el camino. La que sigue es, entonces, la lista del “¡Muchas gracias!”. En primer lugar, a todos los entrevistados con nombre y apellido y es- pecialmente a los anónimos. A Daniel Monastersky, quien aguantó va- rias horas de espera en varios cafés de Buenos Aires y los llamados te- lefónicos a toda hora. Al periodista Horacio Caride, por su confianza y predisposición. A Raúl “el Chapu” Allende (¡¡¡nuevamente gracias!!!). A Liliana Franco y Martín Ravazzani por el refugio. A Isabel Lovrincevich, que lucha a diario contra las mafias. A la Auditoría General de la Nación. A Eduardo Thill, por su tiempo y conocimientos desde el Ministerio del Interior. A Nuria Pedregal, Francisco Orué y Mónica Marchisella. A la Defensoría del Pueblo. A los jueces, fiscales y legisladores que aportaron documentación y orientación. A Gabriel Sued, por los teléfonos aporta- dos. A Lautaro Palamidessi. A la red que el mundo de la estadística mon- tó para ayudarnos, tanto dentro como fuera del INDEC. A Jorge Lerche y todos los técnicos y empleados de la Auditoría General de la Nación. A Nicolás Acerra, que vivió su propio calvario. A Andrés Bujanda. A los téc- nicos y profesores de la Universidad de Buenos Aires que en forma anóni- data_final.indd 9 21/07/2010 16:35:16 [10] Las manos en la data ma y desinteresada nos orientaron. A Laura Alonso y Florencia Bianco de Poder Ciudadano. A Melchor Cruchaga. Al fiscal Guillermo Kessler. A los empleados del Renaper que brindaron información en forma anónima y a sabiendas del riesgo que corrían. A Alejandro Bogado, por su
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