To, The Director Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Aliganj, Jorbagh, New Delhi
Subject: Reply of Minutes of 25th EAC meeting (non-coal mining) held during 22-24th December, 2020. Stone Mines of M/s Starnet Marketing Private Limited proposed production capacity of 495285.12 TPA in the mine lease area 8.397 Ha located at Village Madurna, Tehsil- Chainpur, District- Kaimur, State Bihar. [Proposal no: IA/BR/MIN/109225/2019; File No. J-11015/63/2019-IA-II (M)] – Environmental Clearance.
Dear Sir,
This is with reference to the subject mentioned above, the proposal was considered in 25th EAC meeting held during 22-24th December, 2020. We are hereby the point wise reply of EDS generated dated on 30/7/2021.
Hence, this is our humble request to you kindly consider our proposal for grant of Environmental Clearance.
Thanking you.
Yours truly,
M/S. Starnet Marketing Private Limited Minutes of 25th EAC meeting (non coal mining) held during 22-24th December, 2020
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE (IMPACT ASSESSMENT DIVISION) NON-COAL MINING SECTOR *** SUMMARY RECORD OF 25thMEETING OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF NON-COAL MINING PROJECTS CONSTITUTED UNDER THE EIA NOTIFICATION, 2006.
The 25th meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee for Environmental Appraisal of Mining Projects (Non-Coal) of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change was held during 22-24th December, 2020 through video conference. The list of participants is annexed herewith. After login of the Committee Members through video conference link provided by NIC, discussion on each of the Agenda Items was taken up ad-seriatim.
(1.0) Deliberation & Circulation on the Minutes of the 24th EAC Meeting held during December, 9-11, 2020
The minutes of 24th EAC Meeting held during December, 09-11, 2020 was placed before the members of the Committee. The Member Secretary informed the Committee that the following corrigendum was made in 24th EAC Meeting held during December, 09-11, 2020 as given below:
S. Typographical Error May be read as Remarks No
1 Page No. 20, Para 21, Line No. 12-15 Blasting activity shall be - Blasting activity shall be done with all valid done with all valid permissions and all the permissions and all the safety precautions should safety precautions should be taken during blasting be taken during blasting and timing of the blasting and timing of the blasting shall be planned in a shall be planned in a manner so that it does not manner so that it does match with the students not match with the movement. Blasting students movement. should be restricted to Blasting should be 114 mm diameter drill restricted up to 4.5 m holes only. depth.
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Minutes of 25th EAC meeting (non coal mining) held during 22-24th December, 2020
2 Page No. 70 , Para 10 , ‘Deleted’ Line No. 3-5 - As the Further, the TOR may recommendation have the specific of CSIR-NEERI conditions as carrying recommended by CSIR- capacity study is NEERI on carrying applicable only capacity study as per for Odisha Annexure III. State. Hence it is not applicable for Karnataka State.
1.1: Stone Mines of M/s Starnet Marketing Private Limited proposed production capacity of 495285.12 TPA in the mine lease area 8.397 Ha located at Village Madurna, Tehsil- Chainpur, DistrictKaimur, State Bihar. [Proposal no: IA/BR/MIN/109225/2019; File No. J-11015/63/2019-IA-II(M)] – Environmental Clearance
The Proposal of M/s Starnet Marketing Private Limited is for production of 495285.12 TPA of Stone from mine lease having area of 8.397 Ha located at Village Madurna, Tehsil- Chainpur, District- Kaimur, State- Bihar. The mine lease area falls in the Survey of India Topo-Sheet No. 63/O/12. The site falls between Latitude 25°01’34.30’’N to 25°01’46.8’’N and longitudes 83°28’48.80”E to 83°29’02.7”E. 2. The project proponent submitted that the project falls under Category ‘A’ as the general condition is applicable for the project as the Kaimur WLS is falling within 10 km of the project site. 3. The project proponent applied online vide proposal no. IA/BR/MIN/109225/2019 dated 27.12.2019 for grant of ToR and submitted the Form l, Pre-feasibility Report. The proposal was placed in EAC meeting held during 30-31 January, 2020 and 18th EAC meeting held on 22nd -24th June, 2020 and the Committee recommended the proposal and prescribed the Standard ToR with additional conditions. The Terms of Reference was issued by MoEF&CC vide letter No. IA-J-11015/63/2019-IA.II (M) dated 09th July, 2020 for carrying out EIA Studies & prepare EMP report for obtaining Environmental Clearance. Application for EC was submitted to MoEF&CC online on 09.12.2020. The proposal was considered in 25th EAC meeting held during 22-24th December, 2020. 4. The project proponent submitted that the State Government granted LoI vide letter No. 1033 dated 26.07.2016 over an area of 20.75 Acre (8.397 Ha) for stone mining and time period of 120 days was given for submission of certain documents
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Minutes of 25th EAC meeting (non coal mining) held during 22-24th December, 2020 within 120 days. Then PP submitted on 20.04.2020 and letter issued vide No. 343/Khanan, Kaimur dated 05.03.2020 from District Mining Office, Kaimur (Bhabhua). 5. The project proponent submitted that the mining plan was approved by department of Mines and Geology, Bihar vide no. minor mine(stone)-22/16-2857/M., dated 22.09.2017. 6. The proposal was considered in 25th EAC meeting held during 22-24th December, 2020. Based on the documents submitted and presentation made by the project proponent and the consultant, the Committee deferred the proposal and was of the view that the proposal may be considered after submission of the following information:
i. Detailed technical note on how the mining will be carried out as per the plan and its impact on environment. Location of crusher on a map, process in the crusher, material handling/movement and its emission details, and dust control equipments in place need to be submitted. ii. An actionable EMP component wise for all components of environment viz. air, water, noise, soil and plantation with capital investment and recurring expenses over a period of mine plan needs to be submitted. iii. PP should submit effective conservation plan prepared by experts with proper budgetary provision proposed duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife warden. Purchasing of vehicles should be discouraged in the budget proposal of the conservation plan. iv. PP should revise the CER budget plan as well as additional cost in the EMP in the buffer zone be described indicating capital expenditure for the benefit of the public specially the students who can facilitate the online education system by providing Wi-Fi connectivity and desktops/tablets.
1.2: Proposed Limestone Mining with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA by M/s Cement Corporation of India Limited in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalburagi District, Karnataka- [Proposal no: IA/ KA/ MIN/77229/2018; File No. J- 110105/112/2018- IA.II (M)] - Consideration of Environmental Clearance.
The Proposal of M/s Cement Corporation of India Limited is for Limestone Mining with Production Capacity of 1.0 MTPA located in Karigatta Limestone Area of 119.64 Hectares Near Village Injepalli & Sedam, Sedam Taluka, Kalburagi District, Karnataka. The mine lease area falls in the Survey of India G.T Sheet No. 56 G/04 & 56 G/08 with latitude 17° 9' 9.80" N to 17° 8' 16.3" N & longitude 77° 20' 49.93" E to 77° 19' 54.35" E.
2. As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 as amended from time to time, the project falls under Category “A”, Project or Activity 1(a) as the Mining lease area is more than 100 Ha and the proposed project lies within the interstate
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Modurna MOM EAC_Reply
Point No. i
Detailed technical note on how the mining will be carried out as per the plan and its impact on environment. Location of crusher on a map, process in the crusher, material handling/movement and its emission details, and dust control equipment’s in place need to be submitted.
Reply:
The entire area is highly potential area. The work will be started from the northern tip part of the lease area with an appropriate haul road and further extend towards the south. Gradually heightening happened from- south to north and to attain the elevation range of about 16o m AMSL' Development through years will reduce the elevation range of the hill from16o AMSL to about the average ground level. The benching system of 3 m X 3 m will be practiced in this planned period in order to comply with the provisions of Metaliiferous Mines Regulations, 1961. Details of advancement and formation of benches are shown in Development Plan. Development plan is attached as Annexure I.
Since the deposit in this area is quatrzitic in nature, it is proposed to carry out only opencast Semi-Mechanized method' of mining for this plan period i'e' five years. The operations like drilling of short hole, sorting of ore and breaking at the size will be done manually to deploy 34 to 39 mm dia jack hammer drilling to drill and blast holes having burden and spacing of 1m x 1.5 m in stagger grid pattern. SMS will be charged for blasting purpose. In order not to affect the ground water regime controlled blasting will be carried out with utmost safety provisions.
Location of crusher on a map, process in the crusher, material handling/movement and its emission details, and dust control equipment’s details report is attached as Annexure I.
Point No. ii
An actionable EMP component wise for all the component of environment viz. air, water noise, soil and planation with capital investment and recurring expenses over a period of mine plan need to be submitted.
Reply:
Sl Component Activities Budgetary Provision No. Capital Recurring Cost in Cost in lakhs lakhs 1 Air Installation of 05 nos. Mist spray 7.0 2.0 Pollution all along the boundary and dust control prone areas to suppress dust Modurna MOM EAC_Reply
emission. Arrangement of 1 nos. Water 5.0 1.5 sprinkler tanker for watering the haul road. Wind breaking walls (G.I sheet) 3.0 0.5 shall provide along the road side and between conveyor belts.
Protective safety gears like dust 2.0 1.0 mask, goggles shall be provided to the workers. The stockpiles of the aggregate 2.0 1.0 5mm in size or less shall be suitably covered to ensure that the same is not carried away by the wind. Free falling points from conveyors 1.0 0.5 to stockpiles shall be fitted with flexible curtains or to be enclosed with chutes design to minimize the drop height. 2 Water Garland drains (length 500 m., 4.0 2.0 pollution width 1 m, depth 1 m) will be control constructed around the dumps to arrest silt and sediment flows. The drains are connected to a settling tank and accumulated water shall be used for dust suppression and plantation. De-silting of garland drains will be out at regular intervals. 3 Noise Approximately 2500 nos. (500 per 4.0 2.0 pollution year) trees will be planted all control along the lease hold area within the safety barrier of 7.5 m Total area blocked within the safety zone is about 0.897 ha. of which majority will be utilized for Plantation Proper maintenance of noise - 1.0 generating machinery including the transport vehicles Provision of protective devices like 1.0 0.5 ear muffs, ear plugs, etc. Modurna MOM EAC_Reply
5 Activities discussed above like - - Tree plantation, construction of Soil garland drains, settling pond will also be effective to control soil pollution as well. Stacking of Top Soil 1.0 0.5 6 Monitoring Noise Monitoring (Twice in a year) - 0.2 Schedule Soil Monitoring (Twice in a year) - 0.45 Surface Water Monitoring (Twice - 0.35 in a year) Ground Water Monitoring (Twice - 0.5 in a year) Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality - 1.5 ( Twice in a year)
Point: iii
PP should submit effective conservation plan prepared by expert with proper budgetary provision proposed duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife warden. Purchasing of vehicles should be discouraged in the budget proposal of the conservation plan.
Reply:
Conservation plan duly authenticated by the chief wildlife warden is attached as Annexure II.
Point: iv
PP should revise the CER budget plan as well as additional cost in the EMP in the buffer zone be described indicating capital expenditure for the benefit of the public specially the students who can facilitate the online education system by providing Wi-Fi connectivity and desktops/tablets.
Reply:
The proposed project being a green field project having project cost Rs 5.5 crores, the expenditure toward Corporate Environmental Responsibilities (CER), as per the guideline no. (ii) of the provision of OM No. F. No. 22- 65/2017-IA-III dated 01 May 2018", M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited is committed to spend more than Rs. 11 lakhs based on public hearing demand & Modurna MOM EAC_Reply
SIA study of the area. Now the OM of 1st May, 2018 regarding CER is replaces by OM No. F. No. 22-65/2017-IA-III, dated 30th September 2020, which deals with Social and Infrastructure Development Activities of the buffer zone.
Time Bound Budget for Welfare Expenditure based on Public Hearing & Socio- economic needs
SI. Activity 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total No. (Lakh) (Lakh) (Lakh) (Lakh) 1 Provide drinking water facility in surrounding village
Construction of 2 nos. Borewell 2.0 - - with overhead tank in Madurna Village, Kaimur 4.0 Construction of 2 nos. Borewell - 2.0 - with overhead tank in Chainpur Village, Kaimur 2 Repair & Maintenance of village roads 2.0 1.0 - 3.0
3 Medical camp for villagers 1.0 0.5 0.5 2.0
4 Plantation in community areas 1.5 0.5 0.5 2.5
5 Recreation & Other sports 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 activities 6 Digital class room in village 2.5 - - school along with Wi-Fi. (Little Angles Public School, Chainpur 2.5 and Nadana School) TOTAL (in life time) 15.0
Annexure I
Point No 1: (A) Develpoment Plan (Years wise) (B) Details of Crusher including dust collection (C) Showing crusher unit 1 & 2 on Surface plan Map
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1 501 a 1401 130-l I 120-l rrol. t 1001 t 9oD; t LEASE BOUNDARY PLATE - 5D SAFEW ZONE t CONTOUR LINES 4TH YEAR WORKING
t LTD. PREVIOUS YEAR WORKING STAR NET MARKETING PVT. Prop: SADASIV SINGH, DHANBAD, JHARKHAND 9 4TH YEAR PLANTATION I CERTIFY THAT THE PLAN IS CORRECT TO DGE 3i PREVIOUS YEAR PLANTATION PROPOSED ROAD AREA - 20.75 ACRE (8.397 HECTARE) 't { STONE '"1l ?I pI oI 'o a -{ { a a I a a a t o a a a a t MLSZ .l 130
1 , 11
g)i 9oE'i tl 3 a I I INDEX t. t LEASE BOUNOARY SAFETY ZONE
t CONTOUR LINES IN VILLAGE . MADURNA, THANA No. 162 t sTH YEAR WORKING
PREVIOUS YEAR WORKING t STAR NET MARKETING PVT. LTD. Prop: SADASIV sTH YEAR PLANTATION I CERTIFY THAT THE S|NGH, DHANBAD, JHARKHAND TO THE 5 PREVIOUS YEAR PLANTATION DEVELoPM.ENT PLAN & SECTION (5!b YEAR) PROPOSED ROAD 3 AREA - 20.75 ACRE (e.ggz STONE HEcTARE) a- ) Details of Crusher including dust collection.
Mineral Processing: The ROM size of stone shall be of 700 to 800mm in size. The mined-out Stone is directly used in different forms ranging from boulders to aggregates. Through, 2 numbers of crushing units are proposed to be set up. The normal product shall be of +12mm size. From crusher, ballast or aggregate will be produced as per requirement. However, some quantity of fines shall also be generated which also have market value. The proposed crushing units will be of 50 TPH capacity each and shall be installed on the western part of the ML area.
ROM FEEDER BIN
CRUSHER OVER SIZE MATERIAL
VIBRATOR
BELOW SIZE AGGREGATE DUST (for Ballast Production)
BALLAST OR AGGREGAT E
Flow Diagram of Crusher Plant
Location of Proposed Crushing Unit 1 &2
Emission during Crushing Operation During crushing operation, generation of particulate emissions is inherent, and the emissions are most apparent at crusher feed and discharge points. The greater the reduction in size during subsequent crushing stages from primary, secondary to tertiary crushing, the higher the emissions. Primary jaw crushers produce more dust than comparable gyratory crushers. The crusher system in Madurna Stone mine would include primary Jaw Crushers to get various grades of products. Emissions during Screening In the screening section, the mixture of stones is classified and separated according to size. Generally, the screening efficiency is considered to be in the range of 60 to 75%. The screening equipment commonly used include grizzlies, shaking screens, vibrating screens and revolving screens. Although screening may be performed wet or dry, dry screening is the most common where the fines have market value. Dust is emitted from screening operations as a result of the agitation of dry stone. The screening of fines produces higher emissions than the screening of coarse sizes. Also screens agitated at large amplitudes and high frequency emit more dust than those operated at small amplitudes and low frequencies.
Types of Dust Control System Various types of dust control systems are proposed to be installed for abatement of dust in crusher area. 1. Wet Dust Control System 2. Dry Dust Control System 3. A Combination of Wet and Dry Control Systems
In view of the fact that the dust is a product which has market value in the area, the proponent plans to install Dry Dust Control System. The system is described by the following flow diagram.
Description of the Dry Type Design The dry type of dust control system comprises of adequate Enclosure at key locations with hooding arrangement for extraction of the dust, arrangement of Cyclone or Settling Chamber to collect the coarser portion of the dust and a Bag-filter house to capture the finer portion of the emission not captured by Cyclone or Settling Chamber etc. The sufficient capacity of extraction and pressure drop across the system would be required to be provided by installing an induced draft fan of sufficient capacity. The details of the systems component are briefly described below.
Truck/ Dust Dumper emission points
Primary Crusher Wind Breaking Wall
Screen Belt Conveyor
Chute Secondary Screen Crusher Storage Bin Belt Conveyor
Fine s Belt Conveyor Belt Storage Pile Conveyor
Schematic Diagram of Crusher and screening System
Chimney
Schematic Diagram of Pollution Control System
Dust Extraction Discharge Chute
Dust Extraction
e
View of Chute, Belt and Enclosure Arrangement a) Adequate Enclosure and Hooding Arrangement for Key Locations i) Discharge from Crusher to Belt The area where crushed stones fall over the belt conveyor needs to be adequately enclosed from all sides and the airborne dust emissions will to be sucked from the front and rear end. Such enclosures would be required for all the Crusher discharges. ii) Transfer Points The areas where crushed material is discharged/transferred either from one belt to another or belt to hopper is required to be adequately enclosed from all sides. Flexible rubber flap arrangement needs to be provided at the opening around the belt conveyor to minimize the gap as less as 2 inches. Wind breaking walls arrangement for partially enclosing stock piles would be constructed to reduce wind blowing of dust.
iii) Vibratory Screen The vibratory screen should be adequately enclosed from all sides and extracted to the control system. The enclosure should be provided such that the vibratory motion of the screen is not obstructed. The gap between the enclosure and the screen would be kept as minimum as possible and could be joined using flexible cloth type material. Smaller the dimension of the enclosure, lesser would be the extraction volume and vice-versa. But with the smaller enclosures, there should be provision to dismantle the enclosure easily during maintenance of the screen and it should be ensured that it is refitted to its original shape and size after maintenance. b) Hooding and Extraction System Arrangement All the above enclosed locations need to be provided with hooding arrangement and it has to be extracted via a network of steel ducts. The duct sizing should be such that the velocity of the air remains in a desired range of 15-20 m/s, lower velocity would lead to settling of dust particles inside the ducts which eventually cause partial choking of the ducts; higher velocities can cause greater erosion of the pipes and more friction losses thereby requiring more fan power. The layout of the duct network should be balanced for flow and pressure so as to provide desired extraction capacity at each location. Typically, a large capacity crusher would need to extract a gas flow volume of about 46000 m3/hr and for a medium crusher of about 50 TPH capacity, the gas volume would be 11500 m3/hr. Considering about 250 mm static pressure requirement, the ID fan required works out to about 80HP. c) Coarse Dust Control Arrangement as Pre Collector: The dust extracted from various points contains some percentage of coarse dust and some percentage of fine dust. The coarse dust can be economically controlled in equipment like a simple settling chamber or a cyclone. A settling chamber is nothing, but a room enclosed from all sides with one incoming opening and another outgoing opening. The air velocity is reduced in the range of 1-2 m/s by sudden expansion from the duct cross section to a big area that of the room cross- section. Due to drop in velocity, the coarse dust particles get dropped to the ground and are settled. A Cyclone is a cylindrical vessel with a conical bottom with one tangential entry and a central exit pipe from the top. The dust is made to rotate a few times inside the cyclone and due to centrifugal force, the heavier coarser particles get thrown to the shell side and are collected at the bottom. The collected dust is taken out from the cyclone periodically or continuously by installing a rotary air lock type valve. d) Bag filter type final dust collector The above discussed settling chamber or cyclone type dust collectors are only adequate as pre-collector and a back filter type final dust control system is required to be installed to capture the finer dust particles escaping the pre-collector. In case the pre-collector not to be installed, it would increase the dust load on the bag- filter house and would call for either a greater number of filter bags or more frequent cleaning of the filter bags and it is therefore the pre-collectors are recommended to reduce dust load on the bag filter. In the developed countries like USA bag filter along with cyclone type pre collectors are commonly installed. The bag filters generally employ cotton satin type filter bags which are the cheapest along with a manual shaking type bag cleaning arrangement even in USA. In Indian applications a manual shaking type bag filter using cotton bags need to be installed as final collectors. In some units even pulse jet cleaning type are also installed. e) Induced Draft (ID) fan An induced draft fan is required to be installed to provide desired capacity in terms of flow rate to be extracted and to overcome the system pressure drop. The fan is a centrifugal type with single central inlet and vertical side discharge outlet. The fan is driven by an electric motor through V-belt pulley arrangement. A fan rpm about 1200 –1400 are recommended handling stone dust applications. In addition to the dust pollution control measures depicted above, the management will also carry out water sprinkling at unloading and loading locations by stationary water sprinklers and on the haul roads by mobile water sprinklers.
Detail design of 50 TPH portable crushing –screening unit:
PRIMARY UNIT (JAW CRUSHER & FEEDER) 1. This unit is used as a primary crushing unit for working singly to provide "all-in" material or the first stage of complete portable plant. 2. Rock is fed to the crusher by vibrating grizzly feeder to remove undersized and waste. 3. All equipment are mounted on single welded steel chassis as semi-trailer with twin pneumatic wheels.
SECONDARY UNIT (CONE CRUSHER AND SCREEN) 1. Suitable for screening and recrushing the crusher-run product from primary unit or used as a primary unit for working singly to screening and crushing the gravels. 2. All equipments are mounted on single welded steel chassis as semi-trailer with twin pneumatic wheels.
စက္အစိတ္အပိုင္းမ်ားအားစီစဥ္တပ္ဆင္ထားျခင္း)
① Vibrating Grizzly Feeder ④ Joint Conveyor ⑦ Return Conveyor ② Jaw Crusher ⑤ Vibrating Screen ⑧ Return Conveyor ③ Delivery Conveyor ⑥ Cone Crusher ⑨Product Conveyor
TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF PORTABLE CRUSHING UNIT
CONSTRUCTION OF JAW CRUSHER
Frame ② Fixed jaw plate ③ Swing jaw plate ④ Cheek plate bolt ⑤ Cheek plate ⑥ Protector ⑦ Main shaft ⑧ Bearing ⑨ Fly wheel ⑩ Swing jaw ⑪ Tension spring ⑫ Shim plate ⑬ Toggle block ⑭ Toggle plate ⑮ Tension rod
CONSTRUCTION OF MC TYPE CONE CRUSHER
1. SHAFT HOUSING 2. COUNTER SHAFT 3. HOUSING LINER 4. BEVEL PINION 5. THRUST PLATE 6. ECCENTRIC 7. BOTTOM COVER 8. MAIN SHAFT 9. ECCENTRIC BUSH 10. FRAME BUSH 11. RIB LINER 12. BEVEL GEAR 13. SPHERICAL SEAT 14. DUST SEALING 15. RELEASE CYLINDER 16. MAIN FRAME 17. TOP FRAME 18. SETTING CYLINDER 19. TOP SHEEL 20. CAP FRAME 21. LOCK POST 22. DISTRIBUTOR 23. TIGHTENER WASHER 24. HOPPER 25. HOPPER LINER 26. TIGHTENER NUT 27. TIGHTENER 28. CONCAVE 29. MANTLE 30. MANTLE CORE
31. RELEASE SPRING 32. COUNTER BEARING
The "Dry Fog" Dust Control System works on the principle of agglomeration. The Dust particles released from a Material Handling/Processing Plant which become air borne, are made to pass through a blanket of extremely fine Fog. The dust particles and the Micronic size Fog droplets collide and adhere to each other, thus increasing their mass. After a series of such collisions, the mass becomes heavy enough to cause settlement of the agglomerates on the larger mass of material being handled. The "Dry Fog" System is capable of controlling all types of breathable and fugitive dust ranging from 1 to 800 microns. Basic research has shown that if water droplets of approximately the same size as the dust particles are produced, the probability of collision between the two is extremely high. We have developed a specially designed dual Fluid nozzle which shears water into droplets of the desired size by resonance effect. The fine droplets evaporate before wetting anything but the air-borne dust. The water addition in the system is 0.1%(Max.) by weight of the material being handled.
The dry type dust control system comprises of adequate Enclosure at key locations with hooding arrangement for extraction of the dust, arrangement of Cyclone or Settling Chamber to collect the coarser portion of the dust and a Bag-filter house to capture the finer portion of the emission not captured by Cyclone or Settling Chamber etc. The sufficient capacity of extraction and pressure drop across the system would be required to be provided by installing an induced draft fan of sufficient capacity.
Final EIA Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar). M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited.
Crusher Unit 1 Crusher Unit 2
Showing Crusher Unit 1 & 2 on Surface Plan Map
Page 29
Annexure II
Point no 3: Conservation Plan duly authenticated by Chief Warden
SPECIES SPECIFIC
CONSERVATION PLAN
STONE MINING PROJECT AT VILLAGE - MADURNA, THANA: BHABUA, DISTRICT - KAIMUR, (BIHAR)
Season of study – December to March 2020.
M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited
Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
1 Biological Environment
The biological study of the study area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment.
Biological environment is an integrate part of the environment, it constitute all living beings of that area. Hence, any change in the surrounding environment could cause loss of species or decrease in biodiversity of the area. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken to assess the impact of proposed project on biological environment. Based on the baseline status and elements of impact in the proposed project, mitigation measures are evolved to sustain the biological diversity. Field survey was conducted for baseline study of existing ecological environment during March-May, -. In general Biological diversity is represented by flora and fauna. For the study of biological environment of any area Flora is categorized mainly in to three groups as herbs, shrubs and trees; similarly fauna is divided into mammals, birds and reptiles.
1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited, Registered Address:- Ganeshalay Apartment, Jharudih, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, was granted mine lease for hill slope mining of stone located at Khata No. 167 & Plot No-4084 (P), at Village - Madurna, Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar), over an area of 8.397 ha. Letter of Intent (LOI) has been issued in favor of M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited. for the period of five years vide letter no.-1033/Khanan date 26.07.2016. As per MoEF& CC, New Delhi Gazette dated 14th September 2006 and amended thereafter, the proposed mining project is categorized as category ‘B1’ as mining lease area greater than 5 ha. Due to presence of Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary is at a distance of 4.8 km from the proposed project. So, the proposed project area attracts general condition of EIA notification 2006 and its fall under ‘A’ category project.
The proposed project activity will be carried out from the Hill Slope. It has been proposed to collect 495285.12 Tonnes per annum of Stone Mining (Quartzite).
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
1.2 Brief description of nature, size, location of the project
Project name Stone Mining (Quartzite)
Mining Lease Area 8.397 Ha Location of mine Khata No. 167 & Plot No-4084 (P) Location Village Madurna, Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar). Latitude: 25° 01'46.8"N Longitude: 83°28'57.60" E Latitude: 25° 01'38.30"N Longitude: 83°29'02.7" E Latitude: 25° 01'36.35"N Longitude: 83°28'58.94"E Latitude: 25° 01'34.30"N Longitude: 83°28'52.80"E Latitude: 25° 01'35.70"N Longitude: 83°28'48.80"E Latitude: 25° 01'38.46"N Longitude: 83°28'51.30"E Latitude: 25° 01'41.53"N Longitude: 83°28'52.41"E Latitude: 25° 01'44.60"N, Longitude: 83°28'51.20"E Minerals of mine Stone Mining (Quartzite) Proposed production of 2495285.12 Tonnes per annum mine Method of mining Drilling and Blasting is proposed shall be done after Obtaining due permissions. No of working days 280days Cost of the Project Rs. 550 Lakhs Water demand Domestic Water : 1.14 KLD Dust Suppression : 1.5 KLD Green Belt Development : 5.0 KLD Total Water Requirement: 7.64 KLD Sources of water Tanker Supply and the nearby available sources Man power 38 Waste Generation Nil
Nearest railway station Durgauti Railway Station Approx. 21.00 km towards NNE. Nearest state SH-14 Approx. 14.00 km towards East. highway/national NH-2 Approx. 20.00 km towards NE. highway Nearest airport Varanasi Airport approx. 78.2 Km towards NW. Seismic zone Seismic Zone III
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
1.3 Objectives
The biological study of the study area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment
1.4 Area details
Geographically, the district can be divided into two parts viz.
(i) Hilly area and
(ii) Plain area.
The hilly area is Kaimur plateau (also known as Rohtas plateau). The plain area on the western side is flanked by the rivers Karmanasa and the Durgavati. The Kudra river lies on it eastern side. The district of Buxar of Bihar State and the district of Ghazipur of U.P. State bound it on the North. On the south is the district of Garhwa of Jharkhand State and on the West is the district of Chandauli and Mirzapur of the U.P. State. On the East is district of Rohtas of Bihar State. Kaimur district has a large forest cover, measuring roughly 1,06,300 hectares which contains the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary, home to tigers, leopards and chinkaras. Waterfalls like Karkat Waterfall and Telhar are present here.
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
Figure 1-1: Study area map
Figure 1-2: Project site photograph
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
1.5 Flora & Fauna of the area
The primary data from the site survey as well as secondary data from Forest department & published literatures have been collected for inventorying the flora and fauna of the project area. Rice, wheat, pulses are the chief crops and the area is dotted with bamboo clumps and mango orchards. Kush and khas. Sal trees of poor quality and vast stretches of bamboo are also found. Firewood, Tendu leaf and Chiraunji are the important forest products.
The main animals found at Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary are Bengal tigers, Indian leopards, Indian boars, sloth bears, sambar deers, chitals, four-horned antelope and nilgais. It is home to more than 70 species of resident birds, which stay here all year around. The number increases in the migratory season i.e. during the winters, when there is an influx of birds from the Central Asian region.
Common birds species are peafowl, grey partridge, quail, Malabar, pied hornbill, swallow, nightjar, drongo, paradise flycatcher, kingfisher, bulbul, mynas, pigeon, wood pigeon, blue jay, owl, falcon, kites, eastern imperial eagle, greater spotted eagle, white-tailed eagle, Pallas's fish eagle, grey-headed fish eagle, and the lesser kestrel and vultures.
Birds such as the lesser white-fronted goose, ferruginous duck, Baer's pochard duck and lesser adjutant, greater adjutant, black-necked stork, and Asian openbill stork migrate from Central Asia to the park during winter.
Fishes are found in Anupam Lake and Kalidah near Rameshwar kund. Among snakes, cobra and kraits are of common occurrence while pythons are occasionally seen. The number of fauna and game birds has gone down considerably with the increase in the area of cultivation due to increase in irrigation facilities.
1.6 Scope of the study
To assess the anticipated impacts due to the proposed project activities on the surrounding biotic environment within study area, following attributes were considered & executed: To document project plot specific flora and fauna. To identify & assess habitat loss if any due to the proposed project activities. To document flora and fauna within the study area w.r.t identify any rare, endangered, endemic, any species of conservation importance if exists within the study area.
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
To assess the probable impacts due to proposed project activities on the surrounding biotic environment, prevailing potential habitats if any within the study area. To advocate anticipated impact specific mitigation measures.
1.7 Primary Baseline Data
The 10 km radial study area viz. project location & surrounding area of Project at village- Madurna, Tehsil- Chainpura District-Kaimur (Bihar). The study area visited was a region characterized several hills & hillocks along the northern edges of the Kaimur Hill ranges.
1.7.1 Prevailing potential habitats in the study area
Prominent dense vegetation existed in & around several hills & hillocks in the core and buffer study area, these area being extremely undulating were not subjected to much of the human interference & had luxuriant strands of naturally grown vegetation which were mainly Reserve The alluvial plain extending up to the foothills of Kaimur ranges is extensively cultivated. Rice, wheat, pulses are the chief crops and the area is dotted with bamboo clumps and mango orchards. The Forests found in the Kaimur hills have suffered indiscriminate felling of trees in the recent past. The plateau is generally covered with long grasses, viz. Kush and khas. Sal trees of poor quality and vast stretches of bamboo are also found. Firewood, Tendu leaf and Chiraunji are the important forest products. The aquatic system in the study area was largely represented by several artificial surface water bodies and streams arising out of such water bodies. These water bodies & streams were mainly used for irrigational purpose. Note: Since any of the project related activities during commissioning & operation phase will not be associated with the prevailing surface water bodies in the study area in terms of withdrawal or disposal/discharge hence no impact is envisaged on the water bodies so the studies pertaining to aquatic ecology such as Plankton, Chlorophyll, Benthos, Fisheries etc. have been kept out the purview of this study.
1.7.2 Flora of the study area
The field studies in & around the potential habitats within the core & buffer study resulted in recording 80 plant species which comprised of various habit forms viz. 26 herbs, 24 shrubs & 44 trees, apart from this naturally growing vegetation 6 crop species were also recorded. Of the recorded plant species none was rare, endangered or endemic however they were extremely common for the study area in consideration & had a very wide range of presence & abundance across the entire Kaimur district. The detailed plant inventory of the study area is given in Table
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Tree Shrubs Herbs 1 2 3
List of Flora in the Study Area
Table 1: List of Flora in the Study Area
Sl. Species Local Name Family Habit No.
6. Madhuka indica Mahua Sapotaceae T
7. Discorea bulbifera L. Varahi Kand Discoriaceae Cl
8. Mucuna prurita Hook. Kewach Papilionaceae Cl
9. Tinospora cordifolia Miers. Neem Giloy Menispermaceae Cl
10. Viscum orientale Wild. Gudbel Loranthaceae Cl
12. Argemone mexicana L. - Papaveraceae H
13. Cenchrus ciliaris L. Anjan Poaceae H
14. Chrysopogon gryllus Trin. Gandel Poaceae H
15. Cynodon dactylon Pers. Dub Poaceae H
16. Dendrocalamus strictus Nees Bans Poaceae H
17. Echinochloea colonum L. Sewad Poaceae H
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
18. Imperata cylindrical L. Dab Poaceae H
19. Saccharum munja Roxb. Munj Poaceae H
20. Saccharum spontaneum L. Kans Poaceae H
21. Soghum halepense L. Baru Poaceae H
22. Tribulus tettestris L. Gokhru Zygeophyllaceae H
23. Tridax procumbens L. - Asteraceae H
24. Papaver somniferum L. Tijara Papaveraceae H
25. Abelmoschus manihot Medi Jangali Bhindi Malvaceae S
26. Abutilon indicum Sweet Kanghi Malvaceae S
27. Achyranthes aspera L. Aandhi jhada Amaranthaceae S
28. Calotropis 8eciduas8 (L.) R. Br. Safed Aakda Asclepiadaceae S
29. Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br Aakda Asclepiadaceae S
30. Cassia auriculata L. Awal Caesalpiniaceae S
31. Grewia hirsuta Vahl. - Tiliaceae S
32. Solanum nigrum L. - Solanaceae S
33. Xanthium strumarium L. Bada gokharu Asteraceae S
34. Zizyphus nummularia (Burm.f.) W.& A. Ber Rhamnaceae S
35. Euphorbia nivulia Ham. Thor Euphorbiaceae S
36. Euphorbia nerifolia L. Thor Euphorbiaceae S
37. Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot Euphorbiaceae S
38. Datura metel L. Dhatura Solanaceae S
39. Acacia catechu Willd. Khair Mimosaceae T
40. Acacia leucophloea Wild. Khejra Mimosaceae T
41. Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. Babool Mimosaceae T
42. Acacia senegal Willd. Kumtha Mimosaceae T
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
44. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Bel Rutaceae T
45. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Ardu Simaroubaceae T
46. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Shirish (Kala) Mimosaceae T
47. Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. Siris (safed) Mimosaceae T
48. Albizzia odoratissima L.f. Chidwa Mimosaceae T
49. Annona squamosa L. Sitaphal Anonaceae T
50. Anogisuss sericea Brandis Indruk Combretaceae T
51. Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Neem Meliaceae T
52. Bauhinia racemosa Lam. Jhinjha Caesalpiniaceae T
53. Bombax ceiba L. Himbol/ Simbal Malvaceae T
54. Butea monosperma (Lam) Taub. Dhak,/ Palash Fabaceae T
55. Capparis 9eciduas (Forsk.) Edgew. Ker Capparaceae T
56. Carica papaya L. Papita Caricaceae T
57. Cassia fistula L. Amaltas Caesalpiniaceae T
58. Cassia siamea L. Kasod Caesalpiniaceae T
59. Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Sisam Fabaceae T
60. Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae T
61. Embelica officinalis L. Amla Euphorbiaceae T
62. Ficus benghalensis L. Bargad Moraceae T
63. Ficus glomerata Roxb. Gular Moraceae T
64. Ficus hispida L. Katumber Moraceae T
65. Ficus religiosa L. Pipal Moraceae T
66. Flacourtia indica Mirr. Kakon Falacourtiaceae T
67. Mangifera indica L. Aam Anacardiaceae T
68. Melia azaderach L. Bakayan Meliaceae T
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
69. Mitragyna parviflora (Roxb.) Korth Kemra Rubiaceae T
70. Moringa oleifera Lam. Sehjana Moringaceae T
71. Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Rox. Khajur Arecaceae T
73. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khejdi Mimosaceae T
74. Prosopis julifera DC. Babool Mimosaceae T
75. Ricinus communis L. Arand Euphorbiaceae T
76. Syzygium cuminii (L) Skeels Jamun Myrtaceae T
77. Tamarindus indica L. Imli Caesalpinioideae T
78. Tectona grandis L. Teak Verbenaceae T
79. Terminalia arjuna Wall. Kohra, Arjun Combretaceae T
80. Terminalia bellerica Roxb. Bahera Combretaceae T
1.8 Faunal diversity & status in the study area
Table 2: List of Fauna and Avifauna in the Study Area
S.No. Fauna
Animals Scientific name Schedule as per WPA.
1. Indian Leopards Panthera pardus fusca I
2. Indian Boars Sus scrofa cristatus III
3. Sambar Deers Rusa unicolor III
4. Chitals Axis axis III
5. Four-Horned Tetraceros quadricomis I
Antelope
6. Nilgai (Boselaphus III
tragocamelus)
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
7. Golden jackal Canis aureus II
Common Birds (Avifauna)
1. Peafowl Pavo cristatus I
2. Common quail Coturnix coturnix IV
3. Nightjar Caprimulgidae IV
4. Drongo Dicruridae IV
5. Paradise Terpsiphone paradisi
Flycatcher
6. Kingfisher Alcedinidae IV
7. Bulbul Pycnonotidae IV
8. Mynas Sturnidae IV
9. Pigeon Columbidae IV
10. Blue Jay Coraciidae IV
11. Owl Strigidae IV
12. Falcon Falco jugger IV
Milvus migrans 13. Kites
14. Eastern Imperial Aquila heliaca IV
Eagle
15. Swans Anatidae IV
Migrated Birds
1 Lesser White-
Fronted Goose
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
2 Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca
3 Baer's Aythya baeri
Pochard Duck
4 Lesser Adjutant, Leptoptilos javanicus
5 Black-Necked Ephippiorhynchus
Stork asiaticus
6 Asian Anastomus oscitans
Openbill Stork
Snakes
1 Indian cobras Naja II
2 Kraits Elapidae II
3 Pythons Python II
1.8.1 Interpretation of primary and secondary data
The proposed project activity does not involves any sort of habitat loss also of the recorded 80 plant species, 33 faunal species from primary data and 11 faunal species from secondary data 3 faunal species is listed Schedule – I (fauna) as the WPA (1972). Accordingly species specific conservation for the species are described below:-
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
2 IMPACT ON FLORA & FAUNA 2.1 Impact during the construction phase
The project site is waste land, reserved for industrial use, and soil of the topography is stony with pebbles. The plot of land has only few plant species of shrubs and grasses 4-5 trees, which will be cleared during the construction phase. No significant impact on the ground clearance is envisaged as all species growing at the site are of common nature.
2.2 Impact during the operation phase
During the operation of the proposed project no effluent will be discharged. Emission from the Stack is the only source which can impact on the flora & fauna. The gaseous emission from stack may impact on the flowering & fruiting of the area. Being chemical fertilizer industry the emissions would be acidic in nature and on getting in contact with the agricultural crops it may reduce the productivity of the crops up to certain level
2.3 Mitigation measures
1. It shall be ensured that all the pollution control/ environment management systems are commissioned as a part of main plant equipment, before the commencement of the operation of the project; 2. For Ecological improvement and attenuation of air pollutants (PM, SO2 & NO2) in source receptor pathway and in order to improve the vegetation cover, it is suggested to carry out green belt development mainly in surrounding of the project area; 3. Emissions from point sources shall be discharged into the atmosphere at adequate heights to facilitate maximum dispersion of the gases
2.4 Green Belt Development and Afforestation Plan
Implementation of afforestation program is of paramount importance for any industrial development. In addition to augmenting green cover, it also checks soil erosion, makes the climate more conducive, restores water balance and makes the ecosystem more complex and functionally more stable. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emissions and to attenuate the noise generated in the plant, apart from improving the aesthetics of the plant site. The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the plant and the surrounding areas. The main objectives of the proposed green belt development program are as follows:
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
1. Reduce air pollution;
2. Attenuate noise generated by various machines;
3. Attenuate the effect of accidental release of toxic gases;
4. Reduce the effect of fire and explosion;
5. Improve the general environment and aesthetics of the area;
6. Provide suitable habitat for fauna & 7. Controls soil erosion.
The proposed greenbelt development plan is based on the publication of Central Pollution Control Board entitled "Guidelines for Developing Greenbelts" Table 3: List of Tree Species for Green Belt Plantation
S.No. Botanical Name 1. Aegle marmelos 2. Ailanthus excelsa 3. Albizia chinensis 4. Alstonia macrophylla 5. Azadirachta indica 6. Bauhinia acuminata 7. Bauhinia variegata 8. Bougainvillia sp. 9. Carissa carandas 10. Cassia fistula 11. Cassia siamea 12. Dalbergia sissoo 13. Delonix regia 14. Mangifera indica 15. Nerium indicum 16. Plumeria alba 17. Polyalthis longifolia
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
18. Psidium guayava 19. Syzygium cumini 20. Tamarindus indica 21. Terminalia arjuna 22. Terminalia bellerica
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3 DESCRIPTION OF SCHEDULE I SPECIES & THEIR CONSERVATION The area is also home to about 07 species of mammals, 15 species of birds and 4 species of reptiles. The major charismatic species listed in schedule-I of wildlife protection act 1972 are Leopard & Indian peacock.
3.1 Leopard (Panthera pardus)
Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1758 Length: 90-165 cm (Body)
Weight: 30-91 Kg. (Average)
Tail: 60-110 cm.
Habitat: Highest inner ranges of the Himalaya
Distribution: India, Nepal, Bhutan and parts of Pakistan.
Food: Wild sheep, bharal & ibex
Life span:12-17 Year
Status: Near Threatened Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus: Panthera
Species: P. pardus
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3.1.1 Habit
Leopards are ambush predators, pouncing on their prey before it chance to react. They approach potential prey by crouching low to the ground, getting as close as 3 to 10 m to prey before pouncing. Leopards are not likely to chase prey after the first pounce. Once a prey item is captured, they immediately break the prey's neck, causing paralysis. After breaking the prey's neck, leopards asphyxiate them and carry the carcass to a secluded feeding location, typically in a nearby tree. They may also cover prey carcasses in leaves and soil. Their tremendous strength allows them to tackle prey up to 10 times their own weight
Leopards generally prey upon mid-sized ungulates, which include small antelopes (Bovidae), gazelles (Gazella), deer (Cervidae), pigs (Sus), primates (Primates) and domestic livestock. They are opportunistic carnivores and eat birds (Aves), reptiles (Reptilia), rodents (Rodentia), arthropods (Arthropoda), and carrion when available. Leopards prefer prey that weigh between 10 and 40 kg. They are also known to scavenge from cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), solitary hyenas (Hyaenidae), and smaller carnivores as well. They are known to cache food and may continue hunting despite having multiple carcasses already cached.
Leopards are promiscuous, as both males and females have multiple mates. Females attract potential mates by excreting pheromones in their urine. Females initiate mating by walking back and forth in front of a male and brushing up against him or swatting him with her tail. The male then mounts the female while frequently biting her nape. Copulation last an average of three seconds with six minute intervals between each copulation bout. A single breeding pair may copulate up to 100 times per day for several days, during which time they share food resources. Leopards are solitary, nocturnal carnivores. Although they sometimes hunt during overcast days, they are less diurnal in areas close to humans in comparison to uninhabited areas. They mark their territory with urine, feces, and claw marks and communicate with conspecifics by growling, roaring, and spitting when aggravated and purring when content. They also make a rasping cough to advertise their presence to conspecifics. Leopards are most comfortable in the lower forest canopy, where they often feed, and descend from the canopy head-first. They are comfortable in water and are adequate swimmers. When hunting, leopards move with a
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar) slow, crouching walk. They can run at bursts of up to 60 km/hour, jump more than 6 m horizontally and 3 m vertically. Leopards are facultative drinkers and obtain much of their water requirements from ingested prey. Leopard's have advanced vision and hearing, which makes them especially adept at hunting in dense forests.
3.1.2 Habitat
Leopards inhabit a variety of terrain. They are most populous in mesic woodlands, grassland, and forests. They also occupy mountainous, scrub, and desert habitats. They favor trees throughout their entire geographic distribution, and have been recorded at 5638 meters on Mt. Kilimanjaro
3.1.3 Conservation Status Leopards are declining in parts of their geographic range due to habitat loss and fragmentation, and hunting for trade and pest control. As a result, leopards are listed as "near threatened" on the IUCN red List of threatened Species and, Categorized as Schedule I species as per Wildlife Conservation Act, 1972. Common leopard included on CITES Appendix.
3.1.4 Threats
Hunting of Indian leopards for the illegal wildlife trade is the biggest threat to their survival. They are also threatened by loss of habitat and fragmentation of formerly connected populations, and various levels of human–leopard conflict in human–dominated landscapes.
3.1.5 Conservation Measures
A pre-project assessment should be conducted in association with local wildlife authorities, to predict the response of Leopard to a proposed project. Work shall be temporarily stalled in case an leopard wondering to the project site. Alert should be sounded in case any leopards are observed. In case of Man-animal conflict, the Wildlife department shall be intimated within 12 hours. The rest houses shall be fully covered and safe in case of any eventual attack by these animals to avoid any Man-animal conflict. Natural habitat will be preserved in the surrounding.
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated towards the protection of the animal. Motivation will lead to timely information to the concerned authorities about any threat to wild life or any cases of pouching/hunting. Boundary demarcation to keep away the animal from the project site
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3.2 Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)
3.2.1 Description
Species Authority: Linnaeus, 1758
Length: 195- 225cm (Body)
Weight: 4-6 Kg. (Average)
Habitat: Ground in open forest or on land under cultivation
Distribution: Himalayan ranges and North-East India
Food: Berries, grains but also prey on snakes, lizards, and small rodents
Life span: 23 year
Status: Least concern scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Phasianidae
Subfamily: Phasianinae
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3.2.2 Habit Peafowl are best known for the male's extravagant display feathers which, despite actually growing from their back, are thought of as a tail. The "train" is in reality made up of the enormously elongated upper tail coverts. The tail itself is brown and short as in the peahen. The colours result not from any green or blue pigments but from the micro-structure of the feathers and the resulting optical phenomena. The long train feathers (and tarsal spurs) of the male develop only after the second year of life. Fully developed trains are found in birds older than four years. In northern.
India, these begin to develop each February and are moulted at the end of August. The moult of the flight feathers may be spread out across the year
Peafowl forage on the ground in small groups, known as musters that usually have a cock and 3 to 5 hens. After the breeding season, the flocks tend to be made up only of females and young. They are found in the open early in the mornings and tend to stay in cover during the heat of the day. They are fond of dust-bathing and at dusk, groups walk in single file to a favourite waterhole to drink. When disturbed, they usually escape by running and rarely take to flight.
Peafowl produce loud calls especially in the breeding season. They may call at night when alarmed and neighboring birds may call in a relay like series. Nearly seven different call variants have been identified in the peacocks apart from six alarm calls that are commonly produced by both sexes.
Peafowl roost in groups during the night on tall trees but may sometimes make use of rocks, buildings or pylons. In the Gir forest, they chose tall trees in steep river banks. Birds arrive at dusk and call frequently before taking their position on the roost trees. Due to this habit of congregating at the roost, many population studies are made at these sites. The population structure is not well understood. In a study in northern India (Jodhpur), the number of males was 170–210 for 100 females but a study involving evening counts at the roost site in southern India (Injar) suggested a ratio of 47 males for 100 females.
3.2.3 Habitat
The Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) was once widely distributed and abundant throughout the Indian mainland. In recent years, there has been an increasing concern about their declining status.
Indian peacocks are generally forest inhabitants. Once peafowl settle on a place to live, they typically don't stray far. They're drawn to airy forests. They prefer sites close to reliable water access, often riverbanks. Peafowl in southern India are especially fond of forests along creeks. Peafowl are also prevalent in areas that have fruit crops, which they frequently eat. They largely favor being away from human activity and disturbance. 6 | Page M/S Starnet Marketing Pvt. Limited
Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3.2.4 Conservation Status
Although the Indian Peafowl is under Schedule I species as per Indian Wildlife Conservation Act and Least concern category in IUCN list.
3.2.5 Threats Poaching of Indian Peafowl for their meat and feathers in addition to accidental poisoning by feeding on pesticide treated seeds are known threats to the wild birds. Adult birds can usually escape from ground predators by flying into trees. Large animals such as tigers, leopards and dholes can sometimes ambush them. They are also sometimes hunted by large birds of prey such as the Crested Hawk-Eagle and Rock Eagle-owl. Chicks are somewhat more prone to predation than adult birds. Adults living near human habitations are also sometimes hunted by domestic dogs.
3.2.6 Conservation Measures
In consultation of the forest department, following Conservation Measures will be adapted for peacock conservation:
Habitat improvement programme in the different villages will be undertaken in the buffer zone area for shelter and roosting of peacocks. This will be achieved by plantation of local varieties of the tree species near villages in buffer area. Plantation will also be carried in some forest patches identified by local forest department. Awareness programmes will be conducted for conservation of peacocks by organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van Mahotsav” celebrations. Local residents of the study area were well aware of the movement pattern of peafowl in their surrounding habitats. In order to improve vegetation cover, it is suggested to carry out extensive afforestation program different phases. These species will help to provide habitat for faunal species, and also increase the species diversity and maintain the naturalness of the surrounding area. During this habitat improvement programme the seeds of Moringaoleifera (Sehjan) will be distributed in the various villages of the study area. Compost packets will be also provided at the intervals of the every six months by the proponent (in consultation of forest department). Restricting use of pollutants in their habitat. Stopping the increased vehicle pollution, wildlife road fatalities and damage to precious habitat by peoples to start movement towards these areas. To carry annual census research projects to ecology and habitat use by peacock. By making provision of veterinary care and cages for injured or sick deformed birds
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3.3 FOUR HORNED ANTELOPE (Tetracerus quadricornis)
3.3.1 Description
The four-horned antelope is one of the smallest Asian bovids. The number of its horns distinguishes it from most of the other bovids, that have two horns The four-horned antelope stands 55–64 centimetres (22–25 in) at the shoulder and weighs 17–22 kilograms (37–49 lb); the head-and-body length is typically between 80 and 110 centimetres (31 and 43 in). (Sharma, K.; Rahmani, A.R. (2004).
Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Tetracerus Leach, 1825 Species: T. quadricornis
Status: The important herbivores present in the buffer area is Four honed Antelope which are protected as Schedule-I species in Wildlife Protection Act 1972. During our survey, Four honed Antelope was not reported during the study.
3.3.2 Habitat
The four-horned antelope inhabits areas with significant cover from grasses or heavy undergrowth, and close to water bodies. It generally keeps away from human- inhabited areas. Though they are habitat generalists, four-horned antelopes mostly occur in open, dry, deciduous forests in hilly terrain.
3.3.3 Threats and conservation
The four-horned antelope is threatened by the loss of its natural habitat due to agricultural expansion. Moreover, the unusual four-horned skull and the horns have been a popular target for trophy hunters. In India, the species is protected under Schedule I the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
Recommendations: It is recommended that project proponent shall comply with all the pollution control and other conditions imposed in the environmental clearance by the authorities. Compliance of all the conditions in environment clearance would take care of major issue of habitat degradation for the species. Apart from pollution control measures, it is also important to carefully plan construction pits. Project proponent shall also support forest department in conducting awareness of local people towards wildlife conservation and law reinforcement and anti-poaching activities in the study area. PP shall support forest department in installing sign boards on roads and strategic locations of villages informing prohibition of killing, poaching etc. under wildlife protection act
1972
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
3.4 Budget for Conservation of Scheduled species
Total budget for the Biodiversity Management & Wildlife Conservation Plan would be Rs10 lakh only. The breakup of the budget is given below.
S.No. Activity Agency Duration Rate/ Total Year amount (Lakh) 1. Plantation of Green M/S Starnet Cont. till 1.5 7.5 Belt using native Marketing Pvt. target is and local plant Limited achieved species as per norms. 2. Support Wildlife Forest Dept. 5 years 0.5 2.0 awareness camps activity by Forest Department. 3. Comprehensive M/S Starnet At every 1.5 3.0 ecological & Marketing Pvt. 2 year Biodiversity Limited for 5 monitoring by PP years once every 2 years 4. Documentation and M/S Starnet Annual 0.5 2.5 preparation of Marketing Pvt. Annual compliance Limited report. Total amount in Lakhs 15
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Stone Mining Project at Village - Madurna, Species specific Conservation Plan Thana: Bhabua, District - Kaimur, (Bihar)
Bibliography
1. Champion, H. G. 1936. A preliminary survey of the forest types of India and Burma. Indian Forest Records. 2. Bhaskaran, N., 1999. An ecological investigation of four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis) in Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park. Report, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai. 3. Karanth, K. U. and Sunquist M. E. 1992. Population structure density and biomass of large herbivores in the tropical forests of Nagarhole, India. J. Trop. Ecol. 4. Rahmani, A. R. 2001. Antelopes. Part 4: North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. D.P. Mallon and Kingswood, S.C. (compilers). Global Survey and Regional Action Plans. SSC Antelope Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 5. Rice, C. 1991. The status of four-horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornis. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 6. Sharma, K. and Rahmani, A.R. 2003. Ecology and distribution of four-horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornis. Annual Progress Report 2002-2003. 7. Prater, S.H. (1971).The Book of Indian Animals, BNHS/Oxford University Press. 8. Y. C. Krishna, J. Krishnaswamy & N. S. Kumar (2008), Habitat factors affecting site occupancy and relative abundance of Four-horned antelope, Journal of Zoology, London. 9. Rice, C.G. (1989).The Status of the Four-horned Antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis), Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society (Vol.88), Mumbai. 10. 10. Champion, H.G. and Seth, S.K.(1968), A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India, Natraj Publishers, Dehra Dun. 11. Sutherland, W.J. (2000), The Conservation Handbook: Research, Management and Policy, Blackwell Science Ltd., U.K. 12. Karanth, K. U. and Nichols, J.D. (2002), Monitoring Tigers and their Prey, Centre for Wildlife Studies, Bangalore Websites http://www.iucnredlist.org http://www.ultimateungulates.com http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/local/redirect.php http://earth.google.com http://press.jhu.edu/books/walker/artiodactyla.bovidae.tetracerus.html www.sciencedirect.com https://en.wikipedia.org
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