Momentum in Morocco
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Morocco's Jobs Landscape
Morocco’s Jobs Landscape Identifying Constraints to an Inclusive Labor Market Gladys Lopez-Acevedo, Gordon Betcherman, Ayache Khellaf, and Vasco Molini INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN FOCUS Morocco’s Jobs Landscape Identifying Constraints to an Inclusive Labor Market GLADYS LOPEZ-ACEVEDO, GORDON BETCHERMAN, AYACHE KHELLAF, AND VASCO MOLINI © 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 24 23 22 21 Books in this series are published to communicate the results of World Bank research, analysis, and operational experience with the least possible delay. The extent of language editing varies from book to book. This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorse- ment or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute, imply, or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. -
Human Rights in Western Sahara and in the Tindouf Refugee Camps
Morocco/Western Sahara/Algeria HUMAN Human Rights in Western Sahara RIGHTS and in the Tindouf Refugee Camps WATCH Human Rights in Western Sahara and in the Tindouf Refugee Camps Morocco/Western Sahara/Algeria Copyright © 2008 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-420-6 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org December 2008 1-56432-420-6 Human Rights in Western Sahara and in the Tindouf Refugee Camps Map Of North Africa ....................................................................................................... 1 Summary...................................................................................................................... 2 Western Sahara ....................................................................................................... 3 Refugee Camps near Tindouf, Algeria ...................................................................... 8 Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 12 To the UN Security Council .................................................................................... -
The Legal Issues Involved in the Western Sahara Dispute
The Legal Issues Involved In The Western Sahara Dispute The Principle of Self-Determination and the Legal Claims of Morocco COMMITTEE ON THE UNITED NATIONS JUNE 2012 NEW YORK CITY BAR ASSOCIATION 42 WEST 44TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 THE LEGAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN THE WESTERN SAHARA DISPUTE THE PRINCIPLE OF SELF-DETERMINATION Table of Contents Contents Page PART I: FACTUAL BACKGROUND....................................................................................... 3 PART II: ENTITLEMENT OF THE PEOPLE OF WESTERN SAHARA TO SELF- DETERMINATION UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW ........................................................... 22 I. THE RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: GENERAL PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................ 22 A. Historical Development of the Right to Self-Determination ................................................ 23 B. The United Nations Charter and Non-Self-Governing Territories ....................................... 26 C. Status of Right as Customary Law and a Peremptory Norm ................................................ 27 D. People Entitled to Invoke the Right ...................................................................................... 32 E. Geographic Boundaries on the Right to Self-Determination ................................................ 34 F. Exceptions to the Right to Self-Determination ..................................................................... 38 II. THE COUNTERVAILING RIGHT TO TERRITORIAL -
Agriculture in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of Morocco : Challengesand Prospects
83 Al awamia 92 Mars 1996 Agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions of Morocco : Challengesand Prospects M. El Mourid and M. Karrout I Centre aridoculture, Inra Settat BP 589 Abstract Arid and semi-arid regions of Morocco lie in the northeast,high plateau and Moulouya valley, the centralwestand in the southwestin the Soussregion. They coverrespectively 27 Va and87 Vo o'i the whole country and arableland. They comprise60 7o of cerealsacreage and produce55 Vaof cerealproduction. More than 50 7o of moroccan population lives in these areas.Nevertheless, these regionsface severewater shortageswith limited and highly erraticrainfall. High risk of drought occufrence over and within years is common. Temperature regimes,shallow erodedsoils and croppingof marginallands aggravate moisture deticits. Farming systemsare complex and heterogeneouscombining crops and livestock. Traditional cultural practices are often inappropriate. The lack of adequateand appropriateinfrastructure to make agriculturalinputs availableand to store excessproduction limits progressof technology.The potential of increasedagricultural production and farm income does exist and it is far from being realized. This situation clearly indicates the importance of agricultural researchand clevelopmentand transferof technologyfor alleviating problemsof arid and semi-arid zones, and achievtng sustainableagriculture that will feed future generations. Key words : Water, cropping sysiems,dryland farming Résumé L'agriculture dansles régionsarides et semi-aridesdu Maroc : DéfÎs et persectives -
Case Study: Middle Draa Valley
echnology f T a o n l d a O n r p t u i m o Global Journal of J i z l a a t b i o o Karmaoui, et al., Global J Technol Optim 2015, 6:1 l n G DOI: 10.4172/2229-8711.1000170 ISSN: 2229-8711 Technology & Optimization Research Article Open Access Sustainability of the Moroccan Oasean System (Case study: Middle Draa Valley) Ahmed Karmaoui*, Issam Ifaadassan, Mohammed Messouli and Mohammed Yacoubi Khebiza Department of Environmental Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco *Corresponding author: Karmaoui A, Department of Environmental Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Tel: +212-524-43-46-49; Fax: +212-524-43-67-69; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: January 08, 2015; Accepted date: January 20, 2015; Published date: January 28, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Karmaoui A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract The oases of the Draa are part of the biosphere reserve recognized by UNESCO, 2000. These oases are agro systems located in the Saharan region of southern Morocco. They are the main sources of livelihood of the indigenous population. The sustainability of the oasean system for centuries has made him a rich and resilient ecosystem. Despite its aridity and isolation, the population had always been able to adapt and optimize natural resources, which are scarce. However, during the last 50 years extreme events (droughts, floods and locust attacks) have become increasingly frequent, and have a considerable threat. -
Greater Ouarzazate, a 21St-Century Oasis City : Historical Benchmarks and International Visibility
GREATER OUARZAZATE, A 21ST-CENTURY OASIS CITY : HISTORICAL BENCHMARKS AND INTERNATIONAL VISIBILITY CONTEXT DOCUMENT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF URBAN PLANNING OUARZAZATE - MOROCCO - 3RD - 16TH NOVEMBER 2018 CONTENTS 1. Contextual Framework . .7 1. Presentation of Morocco: population, climate, diversity ........................ 7 1.1. General description of Morocco �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.2. Toponymy �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.3. Geography of Morocco ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.4. Plains . .8 1.5. Coatline . .8 1.6. Climate in Morocco ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 1.7. Morocco’s hydrography . .9 2. Territorial organization in Morocco ........................................ 10 3. Morocco’s international positioning ........................................ 11 4. Physical and environnemental setting, and geographic location ................. 12 4.1. Geographic location of the workshop’s perimeter . .12 4.2. Physical data of the Great Ouarzazate: �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������13 5. Histroy of the given territoiry ............................................. 14 6. Political and -
MINING in AFRICA a Legal Overview
MINING IN AFRICA A Legal Overview www.dlapiper.com | 01 CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 04 Algeria ........................................................................................................................................................................ 06 Angola ........................................................................................................................................................................ 08 Botswana ...................................................................................................................................................................10 Burkina Faso ..............................................................................................................................................................12 Democratic Republic of Congo ............................................................................................................................14 Egypt ...........................................................................................................................................................................16 Gabon .........................................................................................................................................................................19 Ghana ..........................................................................................................................................................................21 -
Consanguineous Marriages Profile in the Tanger-Tetouan Region in Morocco
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 9, Issue 6 Ver. II (Nov -Dec. 2014), PP 61-67 www.iosrjournals.org Consanguineous marriages profile in the Tanger-Tetouan region in Morocco H. Hardouz1, H. Hami1, A. Mokhtari1, A. Soulaymani1, L. Sbai1, 1 2 1 S. El kheddam , Z. Doukkali , A. Quyou 1Laboratory of Genetics and Biometry, Faculty of Science, IbnTofail University, Kenitra, Morocco 2 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, Université Mohammed V .Maroc Abstract: Consanguineous marriage has received a great deal of attention as a potential risk factor for many adverse health outcomes. More than a billion people in the world live in regions where 20%–50% of marriages are consanguineous. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and types of consanguineous marriage in the region of Tanger-Tetouan in Northwest Morocco. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among a randomly selected sample of 160 university students in Tanger in 2014. All students were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The frequency of consanguineous marriages among parents of students was 39,4%, with a mean inbreeding coefficient (up to second cousins) of 0,02033. The study revealed a highly significant difference in the rates of the consanguineous marriages between the current and previous generation p< 0,001. The most common types of consanguineous marriage among current generationwere first cousin marriage, which accounts for 76,2% of all consanguineous unions, followed by first cousin once removed (11,1%) and second cousin marriage (3,2%), while 9,5% of marriages were between distant relatives. -
Morocco Administrative Structure
INFORMATION PAPER Morocco: Administrative Structure On 20 February 2015 the Moroccan government issued Decree No. 2-15-401, outlining the modified administrative structure of the country. This reorganisation is the result of a government programme aimed at giving each of the regions autonomy, and a greater autonomy to the regions coinciding with Western Sahara. In 2010, the Consultative Commission for Regionalization was formed to tackle this subject. The commission prepared a report proposing to reorganize Morocco into 12 regions. The new 12-region structure constitutes a regrouping of the existing provinces and prefectures2 and replaces the previous structure of 16 regions. The decree states that Morocco is divided into 12 regions. However, since Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab3 falls entirely in the territory of Western Sahara4, this would not be included on UK products as part of Morocco. The region of Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra falls partly into Western Sahara but as part of it is in Morocco, it is recognised as part of Morocco’s administrative structure and the part outside Western Sahara can be shown on UK mapping. Administrative Regions of Morocco (as of February 2015) Prefectures & Provinces Region (ADM1) Administrative Centre (PPLA) (ADM2s) 1. Tanger-Assilah* 2. M’diq-Fnideq* 3. Tétouan Tanger-Assilah# Tanger-Tétouan-Al 4. Fahs-Anjra 1 Hoceïma 5. Larache (Tanger (Tangiers)) 6. Al Hoceïma 7. Chefchaouen 8. Ouezzane 1. Oujda-Angad* 2. Nador 3. Driouch # Oujda-Angad 4. Jerada 2 L’Oriental 5. Berkane (Oujda) 6. Taourirt 7. Guercif 8. Figuig 1http://www.pncl.gov.ma/fr/EspaceJuridique/DocLib/d%C3%A9cret%20fixant%20le%20nombre%20des%20r% C3%A9gions.pdf 2 http://www.regionalisationavancee.ma/PagesmFr.aspx?id=54; http://www.regionalisationavancee.ma/PDF/Rapport/Fr/regionFr.pdf 3 The Moroccan Decree states that Oued Ed-Dahab is the administrative centre of this region, which is subdivided into two provinces (ADM2s): Oued Ed-Dahab and Aousserd). -
The Transition of Governance Approaches to Rural Tourism in Southern Morocco
The transition of governance approaches to rural tourism in Southern Morocco Andreas Kagermeier 1*, Lahoucine Amzil 2 and Brahim Elfasskaoui 3 Received: 31/07/2018 Accepted: 13/08/2018 1 Freizeit- und Tourismusgeographie, Universität Trier, Universitätsring 15, 54296 Trier, Germany, e-mail: [email protected], Phone: +49-172-9600865 2 Centre d'Études et de Recherches Géographiques (CERGéo), Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Université Mohammed V – Rabat, Avenue Mohamed Ben Abdellah Erregragui, 10000 Rabat, Morocco, E-mail: [email protected] 3 Département de Géographie, Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Université Moulay Ismaïl, Meknès, B.P. 11202, 50070 Meknès – Zitoune, Morocco, E-mail: [email protected] * Corresponding author Coordinating editor: Werner Gronau Abstract In the Global South traditional hierarchical steering modes are still quite widespread. The significantly changing conditions of competition in recent decades have boosted the need for innovation in tourism. As such, the core challenge for tourism development in many countries of the Global South has been to attain an innovation-based orientation by using stimuli from destination governance. This article is an attempt to analyse the factors that might facilitate the diffusion of an innovation-based orientation. As a basic hypothesis, the article adopts the “counter-flow principle”, with exchange between different spheres as stimuli for innovation. Taking the Souss-Massa region in Southern Morocco as a case study, the paper describes an analysis of the positions of public and private stakeholders as well as civil society organisations. The main question is what kind of relationship between the stakeholders would foster effective governance processes among local, regional and (inter-)national stakeholders. -
Civil Society Strengthening Program (Cssp)
CIVIL SOCIETY STRENGTHENING PROGRAM (CSSP) Quarterly Report Fiscal Year 2018 Quarterly Report Quarterly Period: October 1 – December 31, 2017 Submission Date: January 24, 2018 Cooperative Agreement Number: A.I.D–608–LA-15– 00001 From January 26, 2015 to January 25, 2019 Submitted to: USAID/Morocco AOR Alae Eddine Serrar Submitted by: Belma Ejupovic, Vice President, Programs Counterpart International 2345 Crystal Dr. #301 Arlington, VA 22202 Tel: 571-447-5700 Email: [email protected] This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development, Morocco (USAID/Morocco). Civil Society Strengthening Program (CSSP) Quarterly Report: October – December 2017. Submitted to USAID/Senegal TABLE OF CONTENT I. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... 4 II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................... 5 SUMMARY OF KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS DURING REPORTING PERIOD ................................................................................... 5 III. ACTIVITY PROGRESS ......................................................................................... 7 SIR 2.1.1 CSOS CONTRIBUTE MORE EFFECTIVELY IN THE LAW-MAKING AND PUBLIC POLICY PROCESS ........................... 7 Outcome 1.1: Organizational capacity of Moroccan CSOs strengthened. ................................................................................ 7 Outcome 1.2: Moroccan CSO advocacy and oversight efforts are more effective and legitimate -
Opportunities of Investment in Aquaculture Region of Souss Massa
اﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ اﳌﻐﺮﺑﻴـﺔ Kingdom of Morocco Opportunities of Investment in Aquaculture Region of Souss Massa Content 3 SOUSS MASSA REGION, AN ENDLESS ATTRACTIVENESS 5 SOUSS MASSA REGION, A BOON FOR INVESTORS 6 AQUACULTURE OFFER, CONCRETE GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES 10 APPENDICES SOUSS MASSA REGION, AN ENDLESS ATTRACTIVENESS At the crossroads between the ocean, considered as one of the major pillars of the desert and the mountain, the Region the economic development of the Kingdom. of Souss Massa, with its two prefectures Indeed, it boasts numerous, varied and (Agadir Ida-Outanane and Inezgane-Ait important resources in the felds of Melloul) and four provinces (Chtouka- agriculture, tourism, fsheries, industry, Aït Baha, Taroudant, Tata and Tiznit), is handicraft and services. Location map of the Region of Souss Massa Opportunities of Investment in Aquaculture 3 The plentiful resources of this sea-oriented Indeed, in addition to the major fshing region, with 180 km of coasts and a great and trade port of Agadir, the Region of biodiversity of its marine environment, Souss Massa has several fshing villages make of the region a real economic driving and developed landing points. All of force, let alone its geographical position these structures constitute considerable that confers on it an important geostrategic assets for the take-off of the Moroccan role. aquaculture sector. The value-chain of fshery products industry is considered The Region of Souss Massa occupies 7.6% as a real leverage for competitiveness. In of the territory of the Moroccan Kingdom, this line, a modern industrial park, with counts more than 2.6 million inhabitants, international standards, was developed and generates nearly MAD 65 billion of with a view to identifying, supporting and GDP ( 6,7% of the national wealth).