NBSS & LUP Annual Report 2019
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Compilation and Editing Director and Scientists ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning Technical Assistance S.S. Nimkhedkar A.P. Nagar P.S. Butte Layout and design Prakash Ambekar Word Processing Rohini Watekar Citation: ICAR-NBSS&LUP. Annual Report 2019, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur–440033, India For further information and to obtain copies of this report, please write to: Dr. P. Chandran, Director ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning Amravati Road, NAGPUR-440033 Tel.: (0712) 2500386; 2500226; 2500545; 2500664, Telefax : +91(0)712-2500534 E-mail : [email protected], Website : www.nbsslup.in ISSN : 0970-9460 December 2019 Published by The Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur 440033 Preface Rapid strides made in digital soil mapping technologies districts. Academic and Research institutions by developed countries have brought the issues and approached the bureau for collaboration that constraints of traditional soil survey to the fore. This includes researchers of forestry, oilseed, coconut, report contains essence of the research endeavors spices, rubber, pomegranate etc. of the National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning during 2019, in devising modern and practical With increased availability of data on soils and ways to prepare land resource inventory on 1:10000 climate it was thought prudent to revise the Agro- scale combining the benefits of remote sensing ecological regions and sub-regions of the country. technologies to cater to special needs of the country The new document will soon be released. The Bureau owing to fragmented land holdings, wide variations has played a pivotal role in developing KRISHI Geo- in eco-systems and prevailing socio-economics. An portal. Quinquennial review report of the Bureau attempt was made to derive large scale soil maps of was submitted by the Review Team with a note of Manipur, Nagaland and Sikkim using 1:250K data. satisfaction about the performance. The year was th Accuracy of these maps needs to be checked but a also eventful that saw hosting XXV meeting of first step was taken to minimize field visits. Field Regional committee VII and organizing International surveys with modern techniques were carried out training for researchers of African countries, ICAR- to prepare soil maps at 1:10K scale for 122 different Zonal Sports Tournament, celebration of World Soil blocks across the country. The year marked a change Day, etc. in perception as awareness about land resource At all stages of writing this report, a great deal inventory and its application for varied purpose of sincere efforts and support were made by the was increasingly realized by different state and scientists, technical, administrative and accounts private agencies. Soil survey data-based watershed staff of this Bureau. I express my sincere appreciation development project of Karnataka Government, and gratitude to them. The Hon. Director General is no longer the only state funded land resource Dr. Trilochan Mohapatra, Deputy Director General, inventory work as more states are coming forward (NRM), Dr. K. Alagusundaram, and Assistant Director and joining hands with the Bureau. Governments General (S&WM), Dr S.K. Chaudhari are thanked for of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, and their leadership, untiring support, guidance and Arunachal Pradesh inked pacts with the Bureau motivation to steer the Bureau. for drought mitigation, crop colony development, climate resilience, agriculture development, while partnership with states like Goa was continued for mapping of fallow lands. After a year of pilot work, the Bureau has signed consultancy services agreement with two multinational companies, marking the first non- agriculture, commercial application of soil data. Policy making institutions like NITI AAYOG requested P. Chandran the Bureau to prepare land use plans of aspirational Director (Acting) Contents S.No. Particulars Page No. Executive Summary (English) i Executive Summary (Hindi) iv 1. NBSS&LUP : A Profile 1 2. Research Achievements 7 2.1 Remote Sensing and GIS Applications 7 2.2 Inventorying Natural Resources 44 2.3 Basic Pedological Research 88 2.4. Interpretation of Soil Survey Data 93 2.5 Land Evaluation and Land Use Planning 102 2.6 IT Enabled Extension Programme 126 3. Research Programme 128 4. Publications 133 5. Participation in Conference, Workshop, Symposium, Seminar and Meeting 148 6. Meetings Organized 156 7. Major Events 159 8. Linkages and Collaborations 169 9. Training and Capacity Building 172 10. Workshops / Seminars Organized 182 11. Awards, Recognitions and Foreign Visits 184 12. Distinguished Visitors 187 13. Personnel 190 14. Budget 195 ICAR-NBSS&LUP IN MEDIA 196 Executive Summary ICAR-NBSSLUP continued its flagship programme state is very highly vulnerable to DLD, 15% area is of Land Resource Inventory (LRI) on 1:10000 scale highly vulnerable. This map is expected to serve as a during the year 2019. Soil maps were prepared for ready reckoner to prioritize areas/districts for drawing different parts of the country on 1:10K scale including up combat plans and measures to arrest DLD. In the states of Manipur, Nagaland and Sikkim. In another study, soil conservation plan was developed addition, soil maps at 1:10K scale were also prepared for Dhanora block, Seoni district (Madhya Pradesh) for 122 different blocks across the country. State- after a complete assessment of soil erosion in the wise distribution is: Andhra Pradesh (1 block), Assam block. (1 block), Bihar (13 blocks), Haryana (7 blocks), Under the Indian Soils Grids Project of the Digital soil Himachal Pradesh (2 blocks), Jharkhand (10 blocks), mapping initiative, predicted cation exchange capacity Karnataka (55 watersheds/2 blocks), Kerala (1 (CEC) maps were generated for parts of Koppal block), Maharashtra (22 blocks), Mizoram (3 blocks), and Gadag districts of Karnataka using the Quantile Odisha (1 block), Punjab (8 blocks) Rajasthan (14 Random Forest Model (QRFM). The predicted CEC blocks),Tamil Nadu (1 block), Telengana (1 block), map closely matches the observed values with Uttarakhand (1 block) and West Bengal (36 blocks). minimum errors, and the model was found to capture Landscape ecological unit (LEU) maps for100 blocks maximum variability in the top 30-cm soil depth. across 29 districts in 16 states were prepared/revised Similarly, QRFM could predict the surface soil organic which was used as a base for soil survey The regional carbon (SOC) stock (R2 = 31-43%) for a large stretch distribution of blocks is: Northern - 13, Eastern - 52, of the Western Ghats. The predicted total SOC stock Western – 14, Central - 9, Southern – 4 and North- in the region ranged from 7.1 to 30.9 kg m-2 and the Eastern - 8.Land Use Plan of 27 aspirational districts total estimated SOC was 917 Tg. of India was prepared in response to a request from Hyperspectral library of the soils of Goa was NITI Aayog. Sentinel 2- satellite data (10 m) and ALOS generated, followed by the development of HySIS, an DEM (12.5m) digital terrain database were used to android-based and user-friendly mobile application for delineate and prepare maps related to land use/ visualizing, disseminating, sharing and data mining of land cover, slope, landform and LEU for aspirational the hyperspectral signatures. districts. During the year, landform maps were also prepared for 500 villages spread across 15 districts Soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation was found identified by the Government of Maharashtra under to be five times higher in soils (cultivated and forest) the project on climate resilient agriculture (PoCRA). of Nilgiris (Tamil Nadu) with mixed mineralogy as compared to that in the basaltic soils of Bhimashankar A methodology was developed to identify and map Plateau (Maharashtra) with zeolitic and smectitic degraded lands at regional scale through the utilization minerals. Higher CEC of the former soils as compared of coarse resolution MODIS-NDVI time series data. to the latter indicates the weak role of CEC in OC Land degradation maps of 27 aspirational districts accumulation. The causal effect of climate, soil and have been deployed in BHOOMI Geoportal, and land related predictors on soil pH and SOC was during the year land degradation maps (rasters) for evaluated in coastal soils of South Gujarat using the selected districts of Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Nagaland, random forest (RF) regression using soil data of Jharkhand, and some parts of West Bengal have been two time periods (1990 and 2018). While climate completed. Desertification and land degradation (DLD) alonesignificantly influenced SOC content upto 20 vulnerability index mapping for the state of Andhra cm depth during 1990, both climate and land use Pradesh was completed based on data on climate, influenced organic carbon during 2018. During both soil, land use and socio-economic factors. Five DLD the time periods, SOC content decreased with depth vulnerability classes, namely very low, low, medium, in the order: humid>semi-arid>arid. Land use and high and very high were identified. While 13% of the i ICAR National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP) climate interaction significantly controlled the pH, IPCC prediction in 2007 that the earth could become which also increased with depth and was lowest in warmer by 3° C during this century. case of humid as compared to semi-arid climate. Soil erosion was assessed to generate risk maps in Under the NICRA project, soil data from five different Harve 1 micro-watershed in Chamrajnagar district bio-climates for SOC and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) (Karnataka)with the help of Corine model that indicated that SOC content reduced upon moving employs data on soil erodibility, rainfall erosivity, from per-humid to dry semi-arid and arid (Nimone topography and land use - land cover. It shows that series) climatic conditions. However, the SIC 52.1% of micro-watershed is under high erosion risk, (CaCO3) content is higher in the soils of drier areas whereas 26.9% area is under moderate erosion risk.