DOCSLIB.ORG

Diversity of Ectomycorrhizas in Old-Growth and Mature Stands Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diversity of Ectomycorrhizas in Old-Growth and Mature Stands Of Diversity of ectomycorrhizas in old-growth and mature stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) on southeastern Vancouver Island by Douglas Mark Goodman B.Sc., University of Victoria, 1980 B.Sc., University of Victoria, 1985 M.Sc,, University of Guelph, 1988 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Biology We accept this dissertation as conforming to the required standard __________________________________________________ DrOwens, Supervisor (Department of Biology) Dr^~^TÂ^ TrdfymoW^;' Co-Supervisor, Additionaï^Member (Department of feUology) Dr. B.'J. ^awkins. Departmental Member (Department of Biology) Dr7^\lT^ntos, Departmental Member (Department of Biology) ______________________________ Dr.r M>C.K. Edgell, Out^ae Member (Department of Geography) Dr. (S.) Bé-^li, -Additional Member (Research Branch, British Columbia Ministry of Forests) _ ___ Dry R.M. Danielson, External Examiner (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary) © Douglas Mark Gooctoan, 1995 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This dissertation may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopying or other means, without the permission of the author. 11 Supervisor: Dr. John N. Owens ABSTRACT Concern about potential losses of biological diversity and productivity following clear-cut logging of old-growth forests in British Columbia led me to compare ectomycorrhizas in old-growth and mature stands of Douglas- fir . Two sites were selected, each with an old-growth (288-, 441-yr-old) and a mature stand (87-, 89-yr-old) well-matched in tree species, soil and topography. A total of 120 soil cores SI5 cm deep by 5 cm diameter were taken at random from four 60 m square plots (one per stand). Samples were taken in spring and fall at each site. All morphological types of ectomycorrhizas in one half of each core were counted and characterized in detail. Ectomycorrhizal abundance and frequency was compared in logs, stumps, the forest floor over bedrock or gravel, the forest floor near the base of trees, the forest floor elsewhere, and mineral soil. Old-growth and mature stands were very similar in richness, diversity and types of ectomycorrhizas. Sixty- nine types of ectomycorrhizas were described. Nineteen types each accounted for more than one percent of the 17,500 ectomycorrhizal root tips examined, and eighteen types were found in five or more of the 120 soil cores. Extrapolation indicates a total richness of roughly 100 types in the four plots. Co-dominant fungi were Cenococcum geophilvia Fr. (24% of all ectomycorrhizal root tips), a Rhizopogon Fr. of the section villosuli (10%), Hysterangium Vitt. (9%), Lactarius Ill deliciosus (Fr.) S.F.G. (6%), and Piloderma fallax (Libert) Stalpers (4%). Cenococcum geophilum, Rhizopogon Fr, and L. deliciosus were abundant in both mineral soil and organic substrates, Piloderma fallax was associated with decayed wood, and Hysterangium and type 27 were in organic substrates only. A bright greenish-yellow felty type was found in 5 cores in mineral soil only. The similarity of the ectomycorrhizal communities of old- growth and mature stands was probably due to their proximity (< 200 m apart) and the similarity of their vegetation and soil. Differences may occur at some sites if ectomycorrhizal succession has been delayed or redirected as a result of frequent or severe disturbance, lack of old- growth legacies (logs and stumps), or lack of old-growth stands from which fungi can disperse. IV EXAMINERS D r . J .Ne 'Owens/ Supervisor■ (Department(D e of Biology) Dr. ^rPC. Trofymow, Cd-Supervisor, Additional Member (Department of Biology) Dr . b 73\Hdwkins, Departmental Member(Department of Biology) Drt J. Antos, Departmental Member (Department of Biology) Member (Department of Geography) hr. AddictioiiS.l Member (Research Branch, British C o l n m b ^ t-Ministry of Forests) Dr/JR.M. elson, External Examiner (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary) V Table of contents ABSTRACT ........................................... ii Table of contents..................................... v List of tables .................................vii List of figures.................................... ix Acknowledgements ................................... xi General introduction ................................. 1 1. Biological diversity in forest soils ............ 1 2. Practical importance of understanding the ecology of ectomycorrhizas ............................. 1 Chapter One — Diversity of ectomycorrhizal ti"pes . 3 Introduction ......................................... 3 Literature review -- Characterization and identification of ectomycorrhizas ................ 5 1. Introduction ............................... 5 2. Taxonomic diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi . 5 3. Characterization of ectomycorrhizas .......... 6 4. Identification of ectomycorrhizas ............ 10 5. Descriptions of ectomycorrhizas .............. 14 6. Conclusions............................. 16 Methods and materials ............................. 17 1. Sampling and storage of s o i l ........... 17 2. Extraction of ectomycorrhizas from soil .... 17 3. Separation of types within a soil sample . 18 4. Description of types of ectomycorrhizas .... 18 5. Estimating richness of types ............... 19 Results ........................................... 21 1. Diversity of morphological types of ectomycorrhizas ........................... 21 2. Identity of the ectomycorrhizas......... 22 VI 3. Diversity of characters used to distinguish ectomycorrhizas ............................. 24 Discussio n......................................... 28 Tables’ and f i g u r e s ................................. 35 Chapter Two -- Diversity of ectomycorrhizas in ol growth and mature stands ................................. 65 Introduction ....................................... 65 Literature Review -- Succession of ectomycorrhizas as forests age *•*••••«•••«••**■•* 6 7 1. Methods of studying ectomycorrhizal succession 67 2. Persistence of ectomycorrhizas on nursery seedlings after outplanting................. 68 3. Establishment of ectomycorrhizas on seedlings following clearcutting or f i r e ............ 69 4. Succession of ectomycorrhizas as forests age . 71 5. Differences between early-stage and late-stage f u n g i ..................................... 72 6. Possible explanations of ectomycorrhizal s u c c e s s i o n ............................... 74 Methods and materials ........................... 78 1. Selection of study s i t e s ................... 78 2. Description of sites studied.. ............... 78 3. Sampling design ............................. 80 4. Statistical analysis ....................... 82 Results ............................... 83 D i s c u s s i o n ....................................... 85 Tables and figures ............................... 89 Chapter Three -- Distribution of ectomycorrhizas related to the soil environment ............................ 103 Introduction ...................................... 103 Literature review — Ectomycorrhizas and the cycling of nitrogen in temperate coniferous forests . 105 1. Introduction ..................................105 vil — 2. Nitrogen cycling ........................... 106 3. The role of ectomycorrhizas................ 108 Methods and materials ........................... Ill 1. Nutrient analysis ........................... Ill 2. Data analysis..................................Ill Results ........................................... 113 1. Description of soil habi t a t s .................. 113 2. Abundance and frequency of ectomycorrhizal types in soil-habi.tats............................ 114 3. Relationship of ectomycorrhizal types and soil nutrients................................. 116 4. Correlation and co-occurrence of types .... 117 Dis cus s i o n ....................................... 118 T a b l e s ........................................... 124 General discussion ................................. 134 Literature Cited ................................... 137 Appendix lA. Ectomycorrhizal types -- cent' its of electronic database of characters for 69 types of ectomycorrhizas....................... 154 1. Explanation of fields ....................... 154 2. Contents of database .......................... 164 Appendix IB. Key to ectomycorrhizas ........... 210 Appendix 1C. Descriptions of ectomycorrhizas that are either distinctive, or are common with consistent features...................................... 219 Appendix 2A. Description of sites ............... 227 Tables and figures ............................. 23 0 Appendix 3A. Comparisons of mean nutrient concentrations and other parameters of several soil h a bi t a t s ....................................... 248 T a b l e s ......................................... 249 Vlll List of tables Table 1.1. Ectomycorrhizal taxa ................ 37 Table 1.2. Characters recorded for ectomycorrhizal types (adapted from Agerer 1993 and Ingleby et al. 1990) . 38 Table 2.1. Some cases of ectomycorrhizal succession . 90 Table 2.2. Successional position of some ectomycorrhizal fungi ........................................... 93 Table 2.3. Amount of soil sampled and abundance of ectomycorrhizal root tips and types in the four study plots ........................................... 94 Table 2.4. Analysis of variance of number of root tips at the Koksilah site colonized by the nine most frequent morphological types of ectomycorrhizas.. ..........
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Plant Life Magill’S Encyclopedia of Science
    MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE Volume 4 Sustainable Forestry–Zygomycetes Indexes Editor Bryan D. Ness, Ph.D. Pacific Union College, Department of Biology Project Editor Christina J. Moose Salem Press, Inc. Pasadena, California Hackensack, New Jersey Editor in Chief: Dawn P. Dawson Managing Editor: Christina J. Moose Photograph Editor: Philip Bader Manuscript Editor: Elizabeth Ferry Slocum Production Editor: Joyce I. Buchea Assistant Editor: Andrea E. Miller Page Design and Graphics: James Hutson Research Supervisor: Jeffry Jensen Layout: William Zimmerman Acquisitions Editor: Mark Rehn Illustrator: Kimberly L. Dawson Kurnizki Copyright © 2003, by Salem Press, Inc. All rights in this book are reserved. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner what- soever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address the publisher, Salem Press, Inc., P.O. Box 50062, Pasadena, California 91115. Some of the updated and revised essays in this work originally appeared in Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science (1991), Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science, Supplement (1998), Natural Resources (1998), Encyclopedia of Genetics (1999), Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues (2000), World Geography (2001), and Earth Science (2001). ∞ The paper used in these volumes conforms to the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Magill’s encyclopedia of science : plant life / edited by Bryan D.
    [Show full text]
  • Fruiting Body Form, Not Nutritional Mode, Is the Major Driver of Diversification in Mushroom-Forming Fungi
    Fruiting body form, not nutritional mode, is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi Marisol Sánchez-Garcíaa,b, Martin Rybergc, Faheema Kalsoom Khanc, Torda Vargad, László G. Nagyd, and David S. Hibbetta,1 aBiology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610; bUppsala Biocentre, Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75005 Uppsala, Sweden; cDepartment of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; and dSynthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center, 6726 Szeged, Hungary Edited by David M. Hillis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, and approved October 16, 2020 (received for review December 22, 2019) With ∼36,000 described species, Agaricomycetes are among the and the evolution of enclosed spore-bearing structures. It has most successful groups of Fungi. Agaricomycetes display great di- been hypothesized that the loss of ballistospory is irreversible versity in fruiting body forms and nutritional modes. Most have because it involves a complex suite of anatomical features gen- pileate-stipitate fruiting bodies (with a cap and stalk), but the erating a “surface tension catapult” (8, 11). The effect of gas- group also contains crust-like resupinate fungi, polypores, coral teroid fruiting body forms on diversification rates has been fungi, and gasteroid forms (e.g., puffballs and stinkhorns). Some assessed in Sclerodermatineae, Boletales, Phallomycetidae, and Agaricomycetes enter into ectomycorrhizal symbioses with plants, Lycoperdaceae, where it was found that lineages with this type of while others are decayers (saprotrophs) or pathogens. We constructed morphology have diversified at higher rates than nongasteroid a megaphylogeny of 8,400 species and used it to test the following lineages (12).
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Threats in Non-Protected Areas: a Multidisciplinary and Multi-Taxa Approach Focused on the Atlantic Forest
    Heliyon 5 (2019) e02292 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Heliyon journal homepage: www.heliyon.com Biodiversity and threats in non-protected areas: A multidisciplinary and multi-taxa approach focused on the Atlantic Forest Esteban Avigliano a,b,*, Juan Jose Rosso c, Dario Lijtmaer d, Paola Ondarza e, Luis Piacentini d, Matías Izquierdo f, Adriana Cirigliano g, Gonzalo Romano h, Ezequiel Nunez~ Bustos d, Andres Porta d, Ezequiel Mabragana~ c, Emanuel Grassi i, Jorge Palermo h,j, Belen Bukowski d, Pablo Tubaro d, Nahuel Schenone a a Centro de Investigaciones Antonia Ramos (CIAR), Fundacion Bosques Nativos Argentinos, Camino Balneario s/n, Villa Bonita, Misiones, Argentina b Instituto de Investigaciones en Produccion Animal (INPA-CONICET-UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Chorroarín 280, (C1427CWO), Buenos Aires, Argentina c Grupo de Biotaxonomía Morfologica y Molecular de Peces (BIMOPE), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (CONICET), Dean Funes 3350, (B7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina d Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN-CONICET), Av. Angel Gallardo 470, (C1405DJR), Buenos Aires, Argentina e Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminacion Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (CONICET), Dean Funes 3350, (B7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina f Laboratorio de Biología Reproductiva y Evolucion, Instituto de Diversidad
    [Show full text]
  • Gasteroid Mycobiota (Agaricales, Geastrales, And
    Gasteroid mycobiota ( Agaricales , Geastrales , and Phallales ) from Espinal forests in Argentina 1,* 2 MARÍA L. HERNÁNDEZ CAFFOT , XIMENA A. BROIERO , MARÍA E. 2 2 3 FERNÁNDEZ , LEDA SILVERA RUIZ , ESTEBAN M. CRESPO , EDUARDO R. 1 NOUHRA 1 Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET–Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. 2 Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CP 5000, Córdoba, Argentina. 3 Cátedra de Diversidad Vegetal I, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia., Universidad Nacional de San Luis, CP 5700 San Luis, Argentina. CORRESPONDENCE TO : [email protected] *CURRENT ADDRESS : Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Jujuy (CIT-JUJUY), CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, CP 4600, San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy, Argentina. ABSTRACT — Sampling and analysis of gasteroid agaricomycete species ( Phallomycetidae and Agaricomycetidae ) associated with relicts of native Espinal forests in the southeast region of Córdoba, Argentina, have identified twenty-nine species in fourteen genera: Bovista (4), Calvatia (2), Cyathus (1), Disciseda (4), Geastrum (7), Itajahya (1), Lycoperdon (2), Lysurus (2), Morganella (1), Mycenastrum (1), Myriostoma (1), Sphaerobolus (1), Tulostoma (1), and Vascellum (1). The gasteroid species from the sampled Espinal forests showed an overall similarity with those recorded from neighboring phytogeographic regions; however, a new species of Lysurus was found and is briefly described, and Bovista coprophila is a new record for Argentina. KEY WORDS — Agaricomycetidae , fungal distribution, native woodlands, Phallomycetidae . Introduction The Espinal Phytogeographic Province is a transitional ecosystem between the Pampeana, the Chaqueña, and the Monte Phytogeographic Provinces in Argentina (Cabrera 1971). The Espinal forests, mainly dominated by Prosopis L.
    [Show full text]
  • 9B Taxonomy to Genus
    Fungus and Lichen Genera in the NEMF Database Taxonomic hierarchy: phyllum > class (-etes) > order (-ales) > family (-ceae) > genus. Total number of genera in the database: 526 Anamorphic fungi (see p. 4), which are disseminated by propagules not formed from cells where meiosis has occurred, are presently not grouped by class, order, etc. Most propagules can be referred to as "conidia," but some are derived from unspecialized vegetative mycelium. A significant number are correlated with fungal states that produce spores derived from cells where meiosis has, or is assumed to have, occurred. These are, where known, members of the ascomycetes or basidiomycetes. However, in many cases, they are still undescribed, unrecognized or poorly known. (Explanation paraphrased from "Dictionary of the Fungi, 9th Edition.") Principal authority for this taxonomy is the Dictionary of the Fungi and its online database, www.indexfungorum.org. For lichens, see Lecanoromycetes on p. 3. Basidiomycota Aegerita Poria Macrolepiota Grandinia Poronidulus Melanophyllum Agaricomycetes Hyphoderma Postia Amanitaceae Cantharellales Meripilaceae Pycnoporellus Amanita Cantharellaceae Abortiporus Skeletocutis Bolbitiaceae Cantharellus Antrodia Trichaptum Agrocybe Craterellus Grifola Tyromyces Bolbitius Clavulinaceae Meripilus Sistotremataceae Conocybe Clavulina Physisporinus Trechispora Hebeloma Hydnaceae Meruliaceae Sparassidaceae Panaeolina Hydnum Climacodon Sparassis Clavariaceae Polyporales Gloeoporus Steccherinaceae Clavaria Albatrellaceae Hyphodermopsis Antrodiella
    [Show full text]
  • Angiocarpous Representatives of the Russulaceae in Tropical South East Asia
    Persoonia 32, 2014: 13–24 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158514X679119 Tales of the unexpected: angiocarpous representatives of the Russulaceae in tropical South East Asia A. Verbeken1, D. Stubbe1,2, K. van de Putte1, U. Eberhardt³, J. Nuytinck1,4 Key words Abstract Six new sequestrate Lactarius species are described from tropical forests in South East Asia. Extensive macro- and microscopical descriptions and illustrations of the main anatomical features are provided. Similarities Arcangeliella with other sequestrate Russulales and their phylogenetic relationships are discussed. The placement of the species gasteroid fungi within Lactarius and its subgenera is confirmed by a molecular phylogeny based on ITS, LSU and rpb2 markers. hypogeous fungi A species key of the new taxa, including five other known angiocarpous species from South East Asia reported to Lactarius exude milk, is given. The diversity of angiocarpous fungi in tropical areas is considered underestimated and driving Martellia evolutionary forces towards gasteromycetization are probably more diverse than generally assumed. The discovery morphology of a large diversity of angiocarpous milkcaps on a rather local tropical scale was unexpected, and especially the phylogeny fact that in Sri Lanka more angiocarpous than agaricoid Lactarius species are known now. Zelleromyces Article info Received: 2 February 2013; Accepted: 18 June 2013; Published: 20 January 2014. INTRODUCTION sulales species (Gymnomyces lactifer B.C. Zhang & Y.N. Yu and Martellia ramispina B.C. Zhang & Y.N. Yu) and Tao et al. Sequestrate and angiocarpous basidiomata have developed in (1993) described Martellia nanjingensis B. Liu & K. Tao and several groups of Agaricomycetes.
    [Show full text]
  • Phd. Thesis Sana Jabeen.Pdf
    ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HIMALAYAN CEDAR FROM PAKISTAN A dissertation submitted to the University of the Punjab in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in BOTANY by SANA JABEEN DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE, PAKISTAN JUNE 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE NO. Summary i Dedication iii Acknowledgements iv CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 CHAPTER 2 Literature review 5 Aims and objectives 11 CHAPTER 3 Materials and methods 12 3.1. Sampling site description 12 3.2. Sampling strategy 14 3.3. Sampling of sporocarps 14 3.4. Sampling and preservation of fruit bodies 14 3.5. Morphological studies of fruit bodies 14 3.6. Sampling of morphotypes 15 3.7. Soil sampling and analysis 15 3.8. Cleaning, morphotyping and storage of ectomycorrhizae 15 3.9. Morphological studies of ectomycorrhizae 16 3.10. Molecular studies 16 3.10.1. DNA extraction 16 3.10.2. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 17 3.10.3. Sequence assembly and data mining 18 3.10.4. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis 18 3.11. Climatic data collection 19 3.12. Statistical analysis 19 CHAPTER 4 Results 22 4.1. Characterization of above ground ectomycorrhizal fungi 22 4.2. Identification of ectomycorrhizal host 184 4.3. Characterization of non ectomycorrhizal fruit bodies 186 4.4. Characterization of saprobic fungi found from fruit bodies 188 4.5. Characterization of below ground ectomycorrhizal fungi 189 4.6. Characterization of below ground non ectomycorrhizal fungi 193 4.7. Identification of host taxa from ectomycorrhizal morphotypes 195 4.8.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamentals of Plant Pathology Topic: Important Terms Used in Plant Pathology & History of Plant Pathology Course Teacher: Dr
    B. Sc. (Ag). First Year, Second Semester Course Title: Fundamentals of Plant Pathology Topic: Important terms used in plant pathology & History of Plant Pathology Course Teacher: Dr. D. S. Tomar, Associate Professor, COA, Tikamgarh Definition of pathology: Pathology: The term pathology etymologically means (Gr. Pathos = Suffering; logos = the study or to speak or discourse) the study of the suffering. Thus plant pathology is the study of the suffering plants. Plant pathology: Plant pathology or Phytopathology (phyton – plant; pathos – ailments; logus – knowledge) is that branch of agricultural, botanical or biological science which deals with the cause; etiology, resulting losses and management of plant diseases. It is a science similar to that of medicine and veterinary which deal with diseases of man and animals, respectively. Objectives of plant pathology: The science of plant pathology has four major objectives: 1. Etiology or aetiology: Study of living and nonliving entities. 2. Pathogenesis: Study of mechanism of disease development. 3. Epidemiology or Epiphytotic: Pathogen multiplies and spread. 4. Control: Development of suitable methods of controlling the disease. Important terms used in plant pathology: Aggressiveness: The capacity of a parasite to invade and grow in its hosts plant and to reproduce on or in it (Term used by Gaumann). Antibiosis: One organism is harmed by another. Atrophy: When the organ or tissue does not develop at all. Biological control: In which one organism is used to eliminate or reduce the disease caused by an another organism. Biotype: A group of microorganisms that have the same genetic characteristic. Colonization: The pathogen advances through the tissues of host to varying extents.
    [Show full text]
  • Stinkhorns of the Ns of the Hawaiian Isl Aiian Isl Aiian Islands
    StinkhorStinkhornsns ofof thethe HawHawaiianaiian IslIslandsands Don E. Hemmes1* and Dennis E. Desjardin2 Abstract: Additional members of the Phallales are recorded from the Hawaiian Islands. Aseroë arachnoidea, Phallus atrovolvatus, and a Protubera sp. have been collected since the publication of the field guide Mushrooms of Hawaii in 2002. A complete list of species and their distribution on the various islands is included. Figure 1. Aseroë rubra is commonly encountered in Eucalyptus plantations Key Words: Phallales, Aseroë, Phallus, Mutinus, Dictyophora, in Hawai’i but these fruiting bodies are growing in wood chip mulch surrounding landscape plants in a park. Pseudocolus, Protubera, Hawaii. Roger Goos made the earliest comprehensive record of mem- bers of the Phallales in the Hawaiian Islands (Goos, 1970) and listed Anthurus javanicus (Penzig.) G. Cunn., Aseroë rubra Labill.: Fr., Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.: Pers.) Desv., Linderiella columnata (Bosc) G. Cunn., and Phallus rubicundus (Bosc) Fr. Later, Goos, along with Dring and Meeker, described the unique Clathrus spe- cies, C. oahuensis Dring (Dring et al., 1971) from the Koko Head Desert Botanical Gardens on Oahu. The records of Dictyophora indusiata and Linderiella columnata in Goos’s paper actually came from observations by N. A. Cobb in the early 1900’s (Cobb, 1906; Cobb, 1909) who reported these two species in sugar cane fields on Hawai’i Island (also known as the Big Island) and Kaua’i, re- spectively, and thought they might be parasitic on sugar cane. To our knowledge, neither Linderiella columnata (now known as Figure 2. Aseroë arachnoidea forming fairy rings on a lawn in Hilo. Clathrus columnatus Bosc) nor Clathrus oahuensis has been seen in the islands since these early observations.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycological Society of San Francisco
    Mycological Society of San Francisco Fungus Fair!! 4-5 December 2004 Mycological Contact MSSF Join MSSF About MSSF Society of Event Calendar Meetings San Mycena News Fungus Fairs Cookbook Francisco Recipes Photos History Introduction Other Activities Welcome to the home page of the Mycological Society of San Francisco, North America's largest local amateur mycological Web Sites association. This page was created by and is maintained by Michael Members Only! Wood, publisher of MykoWeb. MykoWeb The Mycological Society of San Francisco is a non-profit corporation Search formed in 1950 to promote the study and exchange of information about mushrooms. Copyright © Most of our members are amateurs who are interested in mushrooms 1995-2004 by for a variety of reasons: cooking, cultivating, experiencing the Michael Wood and out-of-doors, and learning to properly identify mushrooms. Other the MSSF members are professional mycologists who participate in our activities and may serve as teachers or advisors. Dr. Dennis E. Desjardin is the scientific advisor for the Mycological Society of San Francisco. He is professor of biology at San Francisco State University and director of the Harry D. Thiers Herbarium. Dr. Desjardin was the recipient of the Alexopoulos Prize for outstanding research and the W. H. Weston Award for Excellence in Teaching from the Mycological Society of America. Our active membership extends throughout the San Francisco Bay Area and into many other communities in Northern California and beyond. To join the MSSF, please see the membership page. To renew your MSSF membership, see the renewal page. For information on how to http://www.mssf.org/ (1 of 2) [5/17/2004 12:11:22 PM] Mycological Society of San Francisco contact the MSSF, please visit our contact page.
    [Show full text]
  • Česká Vědecká Společnost Pro Mykologii
    Č eskoslovenská VĚDECKÁ SPOLEČNOST PRO MYKOLOGII ČESKA 26 4 ACADEMIA/PRAHA ŘÍJEN 1972 . — ----- - - -- -------------------------------- Če s k á m y k o l o g i e Časopis Čs. vědecké společnosti pro mykologii pro šíření znalosti hub po stránce vědecké i praktické Ročník 26 Číslo 4 Říjen 1972 Vydává Cs. vědecká společnost pro mykologii v Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd Vedoucí redaktor: člen korespondent ČSAV Albert Pilát, doktor biologických věd Redakční rada: akademik Ctibor Blattný, doktor zemědělských věd, univ. prof. Karel Cejp, doktor biologických věd, dr. Petr Fragner, MUDr. Joseí Herink, dr. František Kotlaba, kan­ didát biologických věd, inž. Karel Kříž, prom. biol. Zdeněk Pouzar, dr. František Šmarda, doc. dr. Zdeněk Urban, kandidát biologických věd. Výkonný redaktor: dr. Mirko Svrček, kandidát biologických věd Příspěvky zasílejte na adresu výkonného redaktora: Praha 1, Václavské nám. 68, Národní muzeum, telefon 261441 — 5, linka 87. 3. sešit vyšel 20. července 1972 OBSAH A. Pilát: K 20. výročí založení Československé akademie v ěd .........................................................193 Z. Pouzar: Příspěvek k poznání rodu krásnoporka — Albatrellus (Polyporaceae) I. Přehled druhů severního mírného p á s u .......................................................................................... 194 J. Veselský a R. Watlíng- Nový druh rodu Conocybe s ornamentovanými basidiosporam i...................................................................................................................................................201
    [Show full text]
  • The Diversity of Fungi in Four Irish Forest Types by Richard O'hanlon B.Sc
    The diversity of fungi in four Irish forest types By Richard O’Hanlon B.Sc. (Ed) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, At the Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Ireland. Supervisor: Dr Thomas Harrington, Department of Life Sciences, University of Limerick. Submitted to the University of Limerick: May 2011 i ii “The task of an ecologist” There is an old story about a man who, returning home one night found his neighbour searching the ground beneath a street lamp. “Can I help you find something?” he asked. “I lost my key” replied the neighbour. “Do you know about where you dropped it?”, “Yes” replied the neighbour “over there” pointing to a dark corner of the street. “If you dropped it over there then why are you looking here” asked the man. “Because this is where the light is” replied the neighbour. The task of the ecologist is not to bring the search to where the light is, but to bring the light to where the search is. Perry et al. (2008) iii iv Abstract Sampling of the macrofungal sporocarps, ectomycorrhizal morphotypes and vascular plants was carried out in 28 plots from four forest types (ash, oak, Scot’s pine, Sitka spruce) between the years 2007 and 2009. A total of 409 macrofungal species, 51 ectomycorrhizal morphotypes and 68 vascular plant species were recorded over the three years. It was found that at equal sampling intensities, there were no significant differences in total macrofungal species or ectomycorrhizal morphotype richness between the oak, Scot’s pine and Sitka spruce forest types.
    [Show full text]