Marina Bay Sands® Republic of

21021_BI_Outline.indd 1 29/08/2013 6:09 PM Marina Bay Sands® ®

Conceived by renowned architect Moshe Safdie and made possible by state-of-the-art construction engineering, the iconic Marina Bay Sands® is the new 10 million square-foot (929,000 m2) waterfront gateway to Singapore. Opened in early 2011, it’s the centerpiece of the city-state’s progressive urban renewal strategy.

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Located at Singapore’s southern tip, the Marina Bay innovative design by -based Safdie Architects Sands® development was designed to seamlessly was declared the winner. extend Singapore’s downtown district and underline the city-state’s continuing ambition to be ’s major Moshe Safdie, an architect who is renowned for creating business and cultural hub. architecture that responds to human needs and aspirations, instinctively understood that the Marina Bay The idea for an artificial bay was first raised in the late Sands project was more than just a collection of buildings: 1960s, but it was only made possible by an extensive “Marina Bay Sands is really more than a building project, program of land reclamation that took over 20 years to it is a microcosm of a city rooted in Singapore’s culture, complete. climate, and contemporary life.”

With Singapore’s signature city skyline as a backdrop, It was clear to him that this development, on the most Marina Bay was envisioned as a “Garden City by the prominent site in Singapore, was also a project of great Bay”, a high-density development with a wide range of national pride. His ambition therefore was to create “an commercial and cultural offerings for business people, architecture that was so strong and memorable that it tourists and local Singaporeans. would represent Singapore.”

After a highly competitive design competition in 2006, the bid from the Las Vegas Sands Corporation and the

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[ The centerpiece of our redevelopment of the city is Marina Bay... It will be a city in our image, a sparkling jewel, a home for all of us to be proud of,

a home that will belong to all of us. ] Lee Hsien Loong, Singapore Prime Minister, 2005

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 7 07/08/2013 12:35 PM Design & Construction

From the outset, the goal for the Marina Bay Sands that are accessible to the public and at least half of the development was to create a new form of urban center. roofs of the hotel, convention center, shopping mall and It would be a dynamic setting for a vibrant public life: casino complex are planted with trees and gardens. connected with nature, climatically sustainable and on a human scale. The two architectural signature pieces of the development are the hotel complex and the ArtScience Museum. While The first decision was to create a promenade that it would have been more efficient to build a single hotel extended along the waterfront, opening up the whole tower, the architect team recognized that such a building development to the pedestrian. As well as 800,000 sq.ft. would form a wall-like barrier between the downtown and (74,000 m2) of retail arcades, a network of public paths the sea across to the east. Seen from incoming cruise would connect two theaters, a casino and a 96,000 sq.ft. liners, a single tower would also have blocked the view (9,000 m2) convention and exhibition center. A 54,000 of the city, so it was quickly decided to split the hotel into sq.ft. (5,000 m2) hydraulically adjustable public piazza three 55-storey towers. was also created to provide a platform for a wide array of public activities. Running out of space for parks, gardens and swimming pools, the architects invented the idea of a SkyPark, a A series of layered gardens were designed to provide 2.5 acre (1 hectare) engineering marvel that connects the ample green space throughout Marina Bay Sands three towers at a height of 656 ft. (200 m) and cantilevers development. Every level of the district has green areas 213 ft. (65 m) out at one end.

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 9 07/08/2013 12:35 PM © Marina Bay Sands The SkyPark accommodates a public observatory, gardens, a 495 ft. (151 m) long swimming pool, restaurants and jogging paths, and offers sweeping panoramic views, a valuable resource in a dense city like Singapore. Shielded from the winds and lavishly planted with hundreds of trees, the SkyPark celebrates the original vision of Marina Bay Sands as the Garden City.

At the center of the Marina Bay Sands promenade experience stands the iconic ArtScience Museum. Designed to represent the spirit of Singapore, it explores the creative processes at the heart of art and science and their role in shaping modern society. Dubbed “the hand of welcome” by some and “the lotus” by others, the boldly designed structure houses 21 gallery spaces and has become a major venue for international touring exhibitions.

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 13 29/08/2013 6:09 PM The Architect

Moshe Safdie is a renowned architect, urban planner, returned to to oversee the master plan for educator, theorist, and author. Embracing a humane the 1967 World Exhibition. In 1964 he established his design philosophy, Safdie is committed to architecture own firm to realize the iconic Habitat ’67, an adaptation that is defined by the geographic, social, and cultural of his thesis at McGill, which was the central feature of elements of an area and that responds to human needs the World’s Fair and a groundbreaking design in the and aspirations. history of architecture Safdie has completed a wide range of projects, such as cultural, educational, and civic Born in , Israel, in 1938, Safdie moved to Canada institutions; neighborhoods and public parks; mixed-use with his family at a young age. He graduated from McGill urban centers and airports; and master plans for existing University in 1961 with a degree in architecture. After communities and entirely new cities around the world. apprenticing with Louis I. Kahn in Philadelphia, Safdie

[ Through nature, the nature of the universe and the nature of man, we shall seek truth. If we seek truth we shall find beauty. ] Moshe Safdie

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 15 07/08/2013 12:35 PM Facts about Marina Bay Sands®

Location: ...... Singapore Architects: ...... Moshe Safdie, Safdie Architects, Boston Client: ...... Marina Bay Sands Pte. Ltd. (a subsidiary of the Las Vegas Sands Corporation) Site Area: ...... 1,668,000 sq.ft. (154,938 m2) Gross Floor Area: ...... 6,258,000 sq.ft. (581,400 m2) Total Area: ...... 9,096,000 sq.ft. (845,000 m2) Height: ...... 57 stories / 640 ft. (195 m) Total Cost: ...... US $5.7 billion, including land cost

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During the construction phase, one new hotel fl oor was completed every four days, the fastest pace ever for a develop- ment of this scale in Singapore. © Marina Bay Sands 29

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The 125 ft. (38 m) wide and 1115 ft. (340 m) long Sands SkyPark is the world’s longest habitable cantilevered observation deck. © Marina Bay Sands 63

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 72 07/08/2013 12:36 PM Each of the three 55-storey hotel towers has its unique geometry, with varying curvatures on their east sides. © Marina Bay Sands 73

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The hotel towers rise from their base in two halves before merging some 20 stories above. © Marina Bay Sands 79

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 92 07/08/2013 12:36 PM The 125 ft. (38m) wide and 1115 ft. (340m) long Sands SkyPark is the world’s longest habitable cantilevered observation deck. © Marina Bay Sands 93

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 103 07/08/2013 12:37 PM A Word from the Artist

The LEGO® reproduction of Marina Bay Sands®’ complex The lush trees and plants of the SkyPark are abstracted forms - a design with hardly any straight lines - required a here by olive green round LEGO 1x1 bricks. solution beyond the single perpendicular grid floor plan usually favored in LEGO building, with two additional rotated grids on the sides. Rok Žgalin Kobe

While it is challenging to create architecture of such enormous size, the opposite is true when designing in LEGO elements - the smaller the scale the bigger the challenge. In this model the height of a single brick represents five stories in real-life.

Sideways building with LEGO elements allows for more gradual changes on the concaved sides of the three hotel towers; the double-glazed curtain walls with reflective glass on the west façades are recreated with transparent blue The Marina Bay Sands model was created in close 1x4 bricks, while the 1x2 LEGO grilles mimic the balconies collaboration with the LEGO design team. They look at on the sloping eastern facades. the model from a LEGO building point of view and ensure the construction process is simple and logical, and a A strong design element of the complex is the vegetation. positive experience for the user.

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 105 12/08/2013 5:26 PM The ‘Scale Model’ line – LEGO® Architecture in the 1960s

The history of the current LEGO® Architecture series can The name itself was a direct link to the way architects and be traced back to the beginning of the 1960s, when the engineers worked, and it was hoped that they and others popularity of the LEGO brick was steadily increasing. would build their projects ‘to scale’ in LEGO elements. Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, the then owner of the As with LEGO Architecture today, the original sets were company, began looking for ways to further expand the designed to be different from the normal, brightly LEGO system and asked his designers to come up with colored LEGO boxes, and also included ‘An Architectural a set of components that would add a new dimension to Book’’ for inspiration. LEGO building. Though the five elements remain an integral part of the Their answer was as simple as it was revolutionary: five LEGO building system today, the ‘Scale Model’ line was elements that matched the existing bricks, but were only phased out in 1965. Many of the principles from the series one third the height. These new building ‘‘plates’’ made it would re-emerge over possible to construct more detailed models than before. 40 years later in the LEGO Architecture This greater LEGO flexibility seemed to match the spirit series. of the age; modernist architects were redefining how houses looked and people were taking an active interest in the design of their new homes. It was these trends that led to the introduction of the LEGO ‘Scale Model’ line in early 1962.

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21021_BI_Outline.indd 109 29/08/2013 6:09 PM References 7x 3x 307001 300401 www.designsingapore.org 2x http://www.msafdie.com 6051511 1x http://www.marinabaysands.com 407001

www.arup.com (Arup Journal 1, 2012) 42x 302301 1x 4111971 90x 241201

4x 4667575 13x 306901

13x 654101 1x 242001

Customer Service 4x 20x Kundenservice 370101 362301 Service Consommateurs Servicio Al Consumidor LEGO.com/service or dial 2x 2x 609101 4558168 00800 5346 5555 : 1-800-422-5346 : 2x 18x 6045936 302101

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112 LEGO and the LEGO logo are trademarks of the LEGO Group. ©2013 The LEGO Group.

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