CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This Chapter Discusses the Background of the Problem, Formulation of the Problem, the Aims of the Researc

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses the background of the problem, formulation of the problem, the aims of the research, the usefulness of the research, the theoretical foundation, methodology of the research, and literature view. 1.1 Background Of The Problem Literature is an abroad media to express their feelings, throughts, experiences and also to share each other by using literature. Moreover, with literature they express their thoughts not only use ordinary language but also they can use extra ordinary language, because literature is the art of language. Concept of what is literature change over time as well. What may be considered ordinary and not worthy of comment in one time period may be considered literary genius in another. Generally, most people have their own ideas of what literature is. When enrolling in a literary course at university, you expect that everything on the reading list will be “literature”. Similarly, you might expect everything by a known author to be literature, even though the quality of that author's work may vary from publication to publication. Perhaps you get an idea just from looking at the cover design on a book whether it is “literary” or “pulp”. There is also general agreement that literature foregrounds language, and uses it in artistic ways. Terry Eagleton goes some way towards a definition of literature and its relationship to language: “Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech”. Just as architecture is the art form that arises out of the human ability to create buildings, literature is the art form that arises out of the human ability to create language. The common definition of literature, particularly for university courses, is that it covers the major genres of poetry, drama, and novel/fiction. The term also implies literary quality and distinction. This is a fairly basic view of literature because, as mentioned in the introduction, the meaning of the term has undergone changes, and will no doubt continue to do so. Most contemporary literary histories show a shift from the belles-lettres tradition, which was concerned with finding beauty, an elevated use of language, emotional effects and moral sentiments before something could be called literature. The three main ways of approaching a definition of literature are relativism, subjectivism and agnosticism. With relativism, there are no value distinctions in literature; anything may be called good literature. Subjectivism, as the term implies, means that all theories of literary value are subjective, and that literary evaluation is a purely personal matter. Agnosticism follows from subjectivism, though it argues that though there may be real distinctions in literary value, our subjective value systems prevent us from knowing anything about the real values. Literary works convey the author‟s thought as his/her reflection from real life that it has been seen, read, heard and experienced. Literary also can be view as something which has any correlation with identity of nation or a group of society. Literary is unique language which is used in systematic pattern to express the complex feeling and ideas of the author. One of the easiest kind of literary work people make is lyric or song lyric which convey feelings, thoughts, life or real life experiences related with social life. Today, song lyric can be said as literary work offers a model of real life as well as the literary work, it also a part of poetry, because it is constructed by intrinsic elements, such as plot, theme, character, setting, point of view, and consist of massages. Moreover, the extrinsic elements include the author‟s background, the environment conditions, social life, and politics ideology and so on. Therefore, those elements make song lyrics more factual to audiences. They as if had faced trouble to life chronology with plot so that they get the whole meaning and sense of the song lyric. Lyric can be defined as subject poems, often brief, that express the feeling and throughts of a single speaker (who may or may not represent the poet) the lyric is more a poetic manner than a form. Lyric is called poetry because it is conducted to express joy, sadness, doubt, wonder, decision, and surprise. Thus, lyric is a simplest poem of language. Poems which are commonly called lyrics have been written to express joy, sadness, doubt, decision, ennui, wonder, dissapointment, and surprise. The lyric is the most common of all poetic forms. When people think of poetry, that which comes most readily to mind is a lyric poem. Lyric are among simplest poems of he language. Lyric is takken from french “lyrique” that firstly taken from old French of a lyre, also taken from latin “Lyricus”, and from greek “Luricos” from word “lura”, “Lyre”. The word lyrick was used for the words of a popular song about 1876 for the first time Song lyric is as well as lyric in poetry is a creation including author‟s subjective feelings and expressions. It originally designed to be sung to musical accompaniment. For some people, music is considered as a reaction of art which is made to entertain the human in the happy and sad situation. Music becomes one of the entertainment media for them. For song writers, music is one of the media to communicate their restiveness, anger, dissapointment and hopefulness to something that has happened or will be happend around them. It usualy has implicit and explicit meaning even it can be abstract as to be complitely unintellegible. It consists of words written as well as music going together or as the additional in music itself. Having different characteristic, song lyric differs from a massage and it needed special approach to interpret its meaning and essense a song lyric. As the result, it is not easy to see when someone likes and hears a song lyrics we could not say tha he or she gets the meaning and messages that have within the lyric. As the literary works, song lyric has proportion as the art that having rich meaning and relatively to understand by everyone. It containing of composition of words that is delivered by rhytem and convey messages contain problems of human life, such as: social condition, religion, history, family, social status, love, etc. it is an expression of author‟s feeling; nerves, anger, dissapointment, and expectation to everything has happend around him or her. The author conveys his or her thoughts and feeling within stanzas so as to audiences get the messages of the lyrics. It can be a real life condition and the environment, society, sadness, and dissapointment to the leader and goverenment. The author represent every troubles and deviation that occur in real life through the lyric. So, lyric is one of the media to communicate their ideas or feeling in short, lyric can not be separated with literary and it can be analyzed by using one of approaches of literary criticism like sociology of literature. An author is also the member of society, who has to establish a communication between the author and the reader. Through the communication, it literary work can distribute to the reader as the devotee of literature. In the communication process, the author has been sending a message to the reader. The author rests on extrinsic elements that includes social and culture aspects, and completed by intrinsic elements such as plot, character and characterization, setting, point of view and so on as the project of their works. In this thesis, the researcher interested in analyzing the content of the lyrics that found in Bruno Mars‟s lyrics. This thesis will discuss historical background of he composer created songs, figurative laguange, the problem that found on the lyrics “it will rain” and criticism analysis from that song lyric. The lyric of song that the researcher analyze are Bruno Mars‟s song lyrics. The researcher choose these song because there are figurative language. There are some song lyrics will be discuss in this thesis such as in the Doo wops & hooligans album there are 10 song lyrics entitled “Grenade”, “Just the way you are”, “Our first time”, “Runaway baby”, “the lazy song”, “Marry you”, “Talking to the moon”, “Liquor store blues”, “Count on me”, “ The other side”. The focus of the research is what types of figurative language found in the song lyrics, and the relationship between figurative language and the songs of Bruno Mars. Therefore the resercher is interested to carry out an analysis of figutarive language on Bruno Mars‟s lyric of this thesis entitled “AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN BRUNO MARS‟S SONG LYRICS”. 1.2 The Identification of the Problem The formulation of the problem is required to give clarification about the study which will be investigated. Than the research arrange the formulation of the problem referred to the background of the problem above, those are : 1.2.1 The Field of the Research The field of the research is literature 1.2.2 The Kinds of the Problem This study entitled “AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN BRUNO MARS’S SONG LYRICS”. The research focuses on the lyrics of the songs that contain figurative language and content analysis. From the title of the thesis and background of the problem in which have explained, the researcher finds out and list several problem to be identified in this study , they are : 1.2.2.1 What are the types of figurative language used in the lyrics of Bruno Mars‟s songs in Doo_wops & hooligan album? 1.2.2.2 What are the relationship between figurative language and the songs of Bruno Mars in Doo wops & Hooligans album? 1.2.3 The Main of the Problem In Bruno Mars‟s songs used many figurative language in the lyrics.

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