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Battlefield Management System: Data Requirements to Support Passage of Company Level Tactical Information

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Battlefield Management System: Data Requirements to Support Passage of Company Level Tactical Information Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1987 Battlefield Management System: data requirements to support passage of company level tactical information Polk, Peter B. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22654 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS BATTLEFIELD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: DATA REQUIREMENTS TO SUPPORT PASSAGE OF COMPANY LEVEL TACTICAL INFORMATION by Peter B. Polk and Gary A. Lee March 1987 Thesis Advisor Norman R. Lvons Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited T232461 unclassified CL/RiTY CLASSIFICATION OP ThiS PAGE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS REPORTunclassifiedSECURITY CLASSIFICATION 1b SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3 DISTRIBUTION'/ AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; DECLASSIFICATION / DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE distribution is unlimited. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 5 MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b OFFICE SYMBOL 7a NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION (If applicable) [aval Postgraduate School Naval Postgraduate School 54 ADORESS (Gfy. State, and ZIP Code) 7b ADDRESS (Gfy. State, and ZIP Code) [onterey, California 93943-5000 Monterey, California 93943-5000 NAME OF FUNDING /SPONSORING 8b OFFICE SYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (if applicable) AODRESS(C<ry, State, and ZIP Code) 10 SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT ELEMENT NO NO NO ACCESSION NO title (indudt Security citwticivon) BATTLEFIELD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: DATA REQUIREMENTS TO PPORT PASSAGE OF COMPANY LEVEL TACTICAL INFORMATION pe-rsonau author(S) Polk , Peter B. and Lee, Gary A. TYPE OF .REPORT 1 3b TIME COVERED 14 DATE OF REPORT (Year. Month Day) 15 PAGE COuNT aster's Thesis FROM TO 1987 March 139 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION COSATi CODES 18 SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverie if necessary and identify by block number) f.ElD GROUP SUB-GROUP Battlefield management system; BMS ; Digital com munications; Tactical Information Flow Require- ments; National Training Center (NTC) ABSTRACT (Continue on reverie if neceisary and identify by block number) ne of the k eys to survivability on the modern battlefi eld is command, ontrol, and commun ications (C3). A way the U.S. Army can improve its C3 s to exploi t its t echnological advantage in the area o f communications, omputers an d telec ommunicat ions are reshaping our whol e society in ways hich will i nevitab ly extend to the battlefield. The i nteractive effect f automatio n and c ommunicat ions will fundamentally alt er the way com- anders appr oach th eir decision-making responsibilities Our current echnology c an enha nee the decision-makers ability to r apidly process and istribute c ritical battlefield information with reliab ility and accuracy, ntil recent ly, the re was little effort to infuse new t echnology into perations a t the B attalion level and below. The conce pt of the Battle- ield Management Sy stem (BMS) will provide the integrat ing tool which will dtomate thi s level of operations (the tactical level) on the battlefield. O S'R'BUTiON/ AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21 abstract security classification Unclassified/unlimited same as rpt Q otic users unclassified NAME OF RESPONSIBLE 1ND1V1OUAL 22b TELEPHONE (Include Area Code) 22c OFFICE SYMBOL rof. Norman R. Lyons f40ai 646-?6<SfS <^A( U FORM 84 83 APR edition may be used until exhausted 1473. mar SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF t H iS PAGE All other editions are obsolete unclassified 1 . unclassified SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Whan Data £n(»r«« CONTINUATION OF BLOCK 19 The proposed design of BMS as an electronic information gather- ing, processing and distribution system, capable of handling real-time information in a responsive manner, is one such application. The technology which makes this feasible exists today, however, no definition of the parameters required to support the passage of Company- level tactical information, and to focus this application, have been established. The objective of this thesis was to quantify a minimum acceptable bound on the data bit (i.e., memory size) and the data bit rate (i.e., the speed with which a microprocessor will need to transfer the information) for BMS by structuring the voice communications architecture of a sampled unit conducting tactical exercises at the National Training Center (NTC) . Additional emphasis was placed on developing a methodology for the efficient use of the communications tapes recorded at NTC in research and analy- tical efforts. Having derived the digital specifications from the maximum voice requirements, it was possible to quantify the positive impact BMS might have during a high intensity tactical situation The major conclusions reached in the thesis indicate that the application of digital equipment to solve battlefield reporting' and information processing requirements is a realistic, obtain- able goal, and should be pursued. Getting a digital system into the hands of its future users is essential to the ultimate realization of BMS by allowing users to incorporate a degree of this technology into current training. Finally, the information requirements as exhibited by the activity on a voice net do not pose- an insurmountable challenge with regard to the capabilities of microprocessors currently available nor do the information requirements impose any undue architectural requirements in terms of the size of random access memory (RAM) required. The struggle to communicate digitally will be driven by the graphi- cal requirements and not the voice requirements. s/n 0102- lf. 014- 6601 unclassified SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS RAGEr***" D»tm Bnffd) Approved for public release: distribution is unlimited. Battlefield Management System: Data Requirements to Support Passage of Company Level Tactical Information by Peter B vPolk Captain, United States Army B.A., Covenant College, 1976 and Gary' A. Lee Captain, United States Army B.S.. Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 1977 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL March 1987 W'i ABSTRACT One of the keys to survivability on the modern battlefield is command, control, and communications (C3). A way the U. S. Army can improve its C3 is to exploit its technological advantage in the area of communications. Computers and telecommunications are reshaping our whole society in ways which will inevitably extend to the battlefield. The interactive effect of automation and communications will fundamentally alter the way commanders approach their decision-making responsibilities. Our current technology can enhance the decision-makers ability to rapidly process and distribute critical battlefield information with reliability and accuracy. Until recently, there was little effort to infuse new technology into operations at the Battalion level and below. The concept of the Battlefield Management System (BMS) will provide the integrating tool which will automate this level of operations (the tactical level) on the battlefield. • _ The proposed design of BMS as an electronic information gathering, processing, and distribution system, capable of handling real-time information in a responsive manner, is one such application. The technology which makes this feasible exists today, however, no definition of the parameters required to support the passage of Company-level tactical information, and to focus this application, have been established. The objective of this thesis was. to quantify a minimum acceptable bound on the data bit (i.e., memory size) and the data bit rate (i.e., the speed with which a microprocessor will need to transfer the information) for BMS by structuring the voice communications architecture of a sampled unit conducting tactical exercises at the National Training Center (NTC). Additional emphasis was placed on developing a methodology for the efficient use of the communications tapes recorded at NTC in research and analytical efforts. Having derived the digital specifications from the maximum voice requirements, it was possible to quantify the positive impact BVIS might have during a high intensity tactical situation. The major conclusions reached in the thesis indicate that the application of digital equipment to solve battlefield reporting and information processing requirements is a realistic, obtainable goal, and should be pursued. Getting a digital svstem into the hands of its future users is essential to the ultimate realization of BMS by allowing users to incorporate a degree of this technology into current training. Finally, the information requirements as exhibited by the activity on a voice net do not pose an insurmountable challenge with regard to the capabilities of microprocessors currently available nor do the information requirements impose any undue architectural requirements in terms of the size of random access memory (RAM) required. The struggle to communicate digitally will be driven by the graphical requirements and not the voice requirements. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 13 A. AIRLAND BATTLE OVERVIEW 14 1. Doctrinal Evolution 14 2. Technological Advances 15 3. A Perspective 17 B. AIRLAND BATTLE COMMUNICATIONS 17 1. The Use of FM Communications 17 2. The Use of The Battlefield Management System (BMS) IS C. THESIS OVERVIEW 19 II. MODERNIZATION OF THE BATTLEFIELD 21 A. PRESENT COMMUNICATIONS IMPROVEMENTS 21 1. Satellite Communications 21 1. Facsimile (AN/GXC-7A) 22 3. TACFIRE 23 4. Mobile Subscriber Equipment
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