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Norma Paulus SR 9065, Oral History, by Linda S

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Norma Paulus SR 9065, Oral History, by Linda S Norma Paulus SR 9065, Oral History, by Linda S. Brody 1982 January 14 PAULUS: Norma Paulus LB: Linda S. Brody (now Linda S. Dodds) Transcribed by: Phyllis Soderlund; Lillian Strong. Audit/edit by: Michele Kribs, 2020 Tape 1, Side 1 1982 January 14 LB: Mrs. Paulus, can you tell me why your family left Nebraska and came to Oregon? PAULUS: Well my father was a farmer, part of a German farming community in Nebraska. As I understand it from my older sister, he was the victim of the Depression, the dustbowl days. I remember my mother saying once that she'd wake up in the middle of the night and my father would be pacing. Finally, she asked what he was going to do and he said, "Well, I think we ought to leave here." So, he really left because of the collapse of the farming industry. LB: He was having difficulty with his farm? PAULUS: That’s right. LB: What kind of setting were you living in when you were in Nebraska? PAULUS: Right. Well, I really don't remember anything about it. My sister and two older brothers have told me when they were young and growing up there (let’s see. they would have been teenagers when we left there) as they were growing up; it was kind of a The Oregon Historical Society allows use of this Oral History Interview according to the following license: Creative Commons - Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Paulus SR 9065 prosperous farm. They certainly weren't as poor as we were when I was growing up. But I don't remember anything about it. LB: Why do you think your father decided to move to Oregon, or to move your family to Oregon? PAULUS: I think it was just part of the general exodus from the Midwest. I don't remember that we spent time in Idaho but my sister tells me that he had a covered truck, I guess you'd call it a van now, and in it he put the three older ones and I can't remember whether it was a goat or a lamb. I think it was a lamb or a dog. I have a vague recollection of some kind of a dog. He just started seeking his fortune someplace else. She tells me that we stopped in Idaho in a very remote mountain logging town where she and my brothers and fathers spent winter hauling – I want to say lodgepole pine, that's what came to me when she described it. So, we did spend a winter there. My first recollection is being in a hopyard picking hops in the valley. We were in the Eugene area. My second one is being taken into the Willamette River with my sister and my brothers. So, we were in Eugene, I don't know how long. It couldn't have been very long because I know we moved to Burns in 1938 which would have made me five. LB: Was your family picking hops then for family income? PAULUS: Right. Right. I remember. I used to laugh when I was in the Legislature with Portland liberals like Vera Katz who's my dear respected friend. [She] used to talk about migrant workers and I used to tell her that I was a migrant worker. I can remember the first time I saw a flush toilet was in some kind of a migrant camp where we were. LB: I was just going to ask you if you had lived in a camp. PAULUS: No. We lived in a tent. I have very hazy recollections of that. 2 Paulus SR 9065 LB: I take it your family being so mobile must have had few possessions. PAULUS: Yes. I know that when we lived in Burns when I was growing up, there was an oak dining table, and an oak chest of drawers, and a few things like that that my mother must have transported with her all the time. But I can't remember much about that. LB: So, then your family permanently located in Burns in 1938? PAULUS: Yes. I don't know how this came about. My sisters told me, which I didn't realize until about five or six years ago, that somehow, he [dad] was in real estate — connected in the real estate business in Eugene. Then he met this man who was a veterinarian — Doctor Atwood was his name. He convinced my father to come to outside of Burns to live in this oil rig and that we were going to strike oil. So that's why we moved to Burns. LB: You actually lived in the oil rig? PAULUS: Yes. We lived [there]. It's still standing. It's a wooden structure and last year when I flew in to the bottom of the Steens Mountain to check on some state land board land business, we flew over it and it's still visible. It's a wooden derrick and it's north of Wrights Point which is south of Burns. It's between Burns and Wrights Point. We moved out there and there were two shacks. I think there was running water in one with a bunkhouse where I lived with my two brothers and my sister. I'm trying to remember. Paul is only 18 months younger than I am so he was there too. But he was the baby. We had a huge cookstove, I remember, in that. My oldest brother still has that cookstove. The derrick and the wooden buildings that housed that machinery to run it are still there. 3 Paulus SR 9065 I don't know about the two shacks. I remember playing in the sand and watching out for scorpions with my brother. LB: Who owned the derrick? PAULUS: Well, it was called the Harney County Development Company and I really don't know who owned it. John [Thay?] was a very nice prosperous rancher and I think that he probably had the money behind it. LB: So was your father a groundkeeper, or… PAULUS: He was just running the oil rig. I mean, drilling for oil. LB: Did he have any money invested in the company? PAULUS: No. Because he didn't have any money. But I'm sure that's what it was — if he would run it and drill for oil that that would be his share of the profits, which of course there never were any. My oldest brother, who still lives in Burns — Harold — I can remember he and my other brother, Gale, who lives in The Dalles, used to climb to the top of the derrick. I was never allowed to do that because it was too high and it was just a wooden ladder up. I suppose it was 100 feet up. It seemed enormous to me at the time. They used to climb up and shoot jackrabbits. At that time there was a bounty on jackrabbits. We always had this huge sack of jackrabbit ears. Then when they went into town, they'd get a nickel a pair of ears. LB: Did you have any livestock at all or grow anything in a garden? PAULUS: No. You just can't. It's just nothing but sand and alkali — it's just a desert. I can remember being taken down to the slough by my brothers in the wintertime when it 4 Paulus SR 9065 would freeze over and watching them place ice hockey — their version of it. Also, setting snares for rabbits in the trails. LB: Did you eat the rabbits? PAULUS: Yes. Well, really, until I was old enough to support myself, which was about 15 or 16, we lived on venison. I didn't know it was called venison until I moved to the [Willamette] Valley. It was called deer meat. LB: Did your mother work at all or do anything for income? PAULUS: We finally moved to town because it was impossible to get me and my brother to school. The other thing I remember is my first year of school in grade school. My father worked as a bricklayer in the federal post office, which is still there and used. I assume that he'd gone to work in town because the oil well wasn't coming through. So, he worked as a laborer when they were building the federal post office there. That's how I would go into school is with him. I can remember, every morning it was just so traumatic if we left early enough – I mean in the wintertime we could get through because the ruts were frozen and you could drive through. But in the spring, it was just awful. I think that's what finally made us move into town; so, my brother and I could go to school. The school would have been about 20 miles away. LB: Did you children contribute to the family income at all? PAULUS: Well, we did after my father died. The other interesting thing, and I've got to talk to my sister about this sometime: I could read, but I don't know how I could read because we didn't have books or magazines. But I can remember when I went to school, I could read and I was skipped a grade. That's always puzzled me because the only written 5 Paulus SR 9065 material we really had in the house were some geology books that my father had.
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