Original Article / Artigo Original Autor Et Al.: Insights on Two Cryptogenicbjoce Crustaceans
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Original Article / Artigo Original Autor et al.: Insights on two cryptogenicBJOCE crustaceans Insights into ecological and reproductive aspects of two cryptogenic peracarid crustaceans of the Argentinian coast Anna Fricke, Florencia Biancalana, Gina Tonicelli, Anabela A. Berasategui, Germán A. Kopprio GA, María Cecilia Gauna, Elisa E. Parodi 1 University of Bremen, Department of Marine Botany (Leobener Str. NW2, 28359 Bremen, Germany) 2 EA4228 ECOMERS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Faculté des Sciences (Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice cedex 2, France) 3 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - CCT Bahía Blanca - Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO) (Florida 8000, Bahía Blanca, B8000FWB, Argentina) 4 Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia (San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca, B8000FWB, Argentina) *Corresponding author: [email protected] Financial Support: This work was supported by a fellowship (AF, D/11/46030) within the Postdoc-programme of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). The Secretary of Science and Technology of the Universidad Nacional del Sur provided funds by grant PGI CSU-24 B/186. ABSTRACT RESUMO Peracarid crustaceans belong to the most important agglo- Crustáceos da superordem Peracárida pertencem à macro- merating macrofauna in sedimentary habitats. The am- fauna aglomerada mais importante em habitats sedimenta- phipod Monocorophium insidiosum CRAWFORD, 1937 res. O anfípodo Monocorophium insidiosum (CRAWFORD, and the tanaid Tanais dulongii AUDOUIN, 1926 are listed 1937) e o tanaidáceo Tanais dulongii (AUDOUIN, 1926) as invasive species. In the present study we investigated são classificados como espécies invasivas. No presen- the ecology of M. insidiosum and T. aff. dulongii on the te estudo, investigamos a ecologia do M. insidiosum e do Argentinian coast. We bred both crustaceans to study their T. aff. dulongii na costa argentina. Cultivamos ambos os fecundity and growth, and investigated their behavior and crustáceos para estudar sua fecundidade e crescimento, e potential interspecific relations in four different laboratory investigamos seu comportamento e potenciais relações experiments. We evaluated tube building capabilities (ex- interespecíficas em quatro experimentos laboratoriais. periment 1), and tested gender specific responses of M. Avaliamos a capacidade de construção de túneis (experi- insdiosum to empty (experiments 2 and 3), and housed mento 1) e testamos a reação específica de cada sexo doM. (inhabited?) T. aff. dulongii tubes (experiment 4). Our re- insidiosum (experimento 4). (Nenhuma refência a experi- sults showed high fecundity (three generations within four mentos 2 e 3?) Nossos resultados mostraram alta fecundida- weeks) and growth rates (duplication of body lengths in de (três gerações em quatro semanas) e taxa de crescimento two weeks) for M. insidiosum. Two tube construction stra- (duplicação do comprimento corporal em duas semanas) do tegies were distinguished: a tube changing behavior for M. insidiosum. Duas estratégias de construção de túneis fo- M. insidiosum, showing greater construction activity on ram identificadas: um comportamento de mudança de túnel the part of females, and tube keeping behavior on the part do M. insidiosum, em que fêmeas mostraram maiores ativi- of T. aff. dulongii. Overall, tanaid tubes were frequently dades de construção; e um comportamento de mantença de claimed by M. insidiosum, demonstrating a close inters- túnel do T. aff. dulongii. De maneira geral, túneis de tanai- pecific relationship and resulting in decreased sediment dáceos foram frequentemente reivindicados por M. insidio- sum, demonstrando uma relação interespecífica próxima e aggregating activity. In the light of our observations it resultando numa menor atividade de agregação sedimentar. may be affirmed that these invasive species are probably Segundo nossas observações, é provável que essas espécies frequently distributed along the Patagonian Atlantic coast invasivas sejam encontradas frequentemente ao longo da and will spread still further in the future. costa atlântica patagônica e que elas se propagem no futuro. Descriptors: Monocorophium insidiosum, Tanais aff. Descritores: Monocorophium insidiosum, Tanais aff. dulongii, Amphipods, Epibenthos, North Patagonia, dulongii, Anfípodos, Epibenthos, Patagônia do Norte, algal-crustacean interactions Interações alga-crustáceo. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-87592015085306303 BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY, 63(3):00-00;2015 83 Autor et al.: Insights on two cryptogenic crustaceans INTRODUCTION At our study site in San Antonio Bay (40º43’S, The deposition and stabilization of sediments play a 64º56’W), Monocorophium insidiosum (CRAWFORD, crucial role in the coastal ecosystem, affecting the deposit 1937) was frequently observed intermixed with the tanaid feeding fauna and impacting the physiology of phototro- Tanais aff. dulongii (Audouin, 1926), forming assembla- phic organisms due to changes on underwater light regi- ges at (or, of? on?) different macroalgae (Polysiphonia mes (SCHIEL et al., 2006). Particle budgets of estuary sp., Ulva lactuca, Corallina officinalis, Punctaria sp.). and coastal zones are highly dependent on the degree to Due to their high tolerance and adaptation potential un- which particles passing the benthic boundary layer are in- der changing environmental conditions, these peraca- corporated and stabilized against resuspension and erosion rid crustaceans are listed as invasive species worldwide (DYER, 1995). Peracarid crustaceans are the most impor- (FOFONOFF et al., 2003) and are known to be dissemina- tant sediment agglomerating macrofauna in sedimentary ted by shipping (MINCHIN, 2007) and aquaculture acti- habitats (CONLAN, 1994; KRASNOW; TAGHON, 1997; vities (GROSHOLZ et al., 2012), which have transported MOURITSEN et al., 1998). Due to their high abundan- them to many coastal systems worldwide (KEVREKIDIS, ces and extensive building activities, these crustaceans 2004; WINFIELD et al., 2011). Both species are com- are suspected of altering the sediment (e.g. granulome- monly found along the Argentinian coast (ADAMI, 2008; tric and hydrodynamic) properties of their environment ALABANO et al., 2006, 2009; GUTIÈRREZ et al., 2000; (KRASNOW; TAGHON, 1997). Observational studies VALLARINO et al., 2002; RIVERO et al., 2005; SUEIRO have clearly evidenced a selective particle sorting on the et al., 2011, 2012). M. insidiosum is found to range from part of tanaids and amphipods, and close relationship be- Ushuaia (54º79’S) (Schellenberg 1931) to Bahía de tween feeding and tube construction (MENDOZA, 1982; Samborom (36º21’S) (ALONSO DE PINA, 1997) as is MILLER, 1984; KRASNOW; TAGHON, 1997). Thus T. dulongii from Puerto Madryn (42º65’S) (GIAMBIAGI, particles grasped by the chelipeds are sorted in the ma- 1922, 1923) to Mar del Plata (38º10’S) (RUMBOLD xillipeds and either moved to the mouth or to the pereo- et al., 2012). Despite their ecological importance and ob- pods, where specialized glands produce a mucuous thread served high abundance but little is known of the distribu- (JOHNSON; ATTRAMADAL, 1982) which is used by tion and ecology of M. insidiosum and T. aff. dulongii on the animals to agglomerate their burrows (KRASNOW; the Argentinian coast. TAGHON, 1997; KRONENBERGER et al., 2012a, b). In order to study crustacean ecology and investigate its Overall the composition of peracarid burrows (tubes) potential impact on the coastal system this study: 1) inves- depends on different factors, such as species identity, tigated the frequency of these species within a tidal chan- animal size, and the presence of particle associated mi- nel system on the North Patagonian coast (San Antonio crobes (ULRICH et al., 1995; DIXON; MOORE, 1997; Bay: 40º43’S, 64º56’W) in relation to autochthonous ma- KRASNOW; TAGHON, 1997). Second only to their croalgal communities, 2) studied crustacean fecundity and important role in substrate modification, peracarid crus- growth under culture conditions, and 3) tested crustacean taceans are crucial in terms of benthic-pelagic coupling behaviour and potential interspecific relations in vitro, by (NICKEL, 2004). The place of nest construction is vital studying the tube building capabilities and gender specific for peracarid crustaceans and has been shown to be as- responses of M. insdiosum to the presence of empty and sociated with different macroalgae (GUERA-GARCÍA inhabited T. aff. dulongii tubes. et al., 2009; CERDA et al., 2010). Nest-building peracarid crustaceans are usually in high numbers above (or, present MATERIAL AND METHODS in greater numbers than?) macroalgae, forming assembla- Study area ges of different crustacean species (GUERA-GARCÍA San Antonio Bay is a semi-enclosed bay of 80 km2 et al., 2009). These assemblages are of interest to a variety on the northern Patagonian Atlantic coast (Figure 1A), of marine predators (JARQUIN-GONZÁLEZ; GARCÍA- characterized by the extensive intertidal consequences of MADRIGAL, 2010), including commercially important a symmetric macrotidal regime (up to 9 m). Within the fish species (YAMAMOTO; TOMINAGA, 2005), shore area a tidal channel (40º43’37.50”S, 64º56’48.30”W) runs birds (JAZDZWESKI; KONOPACKA, 1999) and marine parallel to the coast without direct contact with popula- mammals (BURNS et al., 1998). ted areas. The benthic environment at the research site 84 BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY, 63(3):00-00;2015 Autor et al.: Insights on two cryptogenic crustaceans