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France À Fric: the CFA Zone in Africa and Neocolonialism
France à fric: the CFA zone in Africa and neocolonialism Ian Taylor Date of deposit 18 04 2019 Document version Author’s accepted manuscript Access rights Copyright © Global South Ltd. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. Citation for Taylor, I. C. (2019). France à fric: the CFA Zone in Africa and published version neocolonialism. Third World Quarterly, Latest Articles. Link to published https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2019.1585183 version Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ FRANCE À FRIC: THE CFA ZONE IN AFRICA AND NEOCOLONIALISM Over fifty years after 1960’s “Year of Africa,” most of Francophone Africa continues to be embedded in a set of associations that fit very well with Kwame Nkrumah’s description of neocolonialism, where postcolonial states are de jure independent but in reality constrained through their economic systems so that policy is directed from outside. This article scrutinizes the functioning of the CFA, considering the role the currency has in persistent underdevelopment in most of Francophone Africa. In doing so, the article identifies the CFA as the most blatant example of functioning neocolonialism in Africa today and a critical device that promotes dependency in large parts of the continent. Mainstream analyses of the technical aspects of the CFA have generally focused on the exchange rate and other related matters. However, while important, the real importance of the CFA franc should not be seen as purely economic, but also political. -
Coming Early to the Party: High Frequency Traders in the Pre-Opening Phase and the Opening Auction of NYSE Euronext Paris
Coming Early to the Party: High Frequency Traders in the Pre-Opening Phase and the Opening Auction of NYSE Euronext Paris Mario Bellia, SAFE - Goethe University Frankfurt ∗ Loriana Pelizzon, SAFE - Goethe University Frankfurt † Marti G. Subrahmanyam, Leonard N. Stern School of Business - New York University ‡ Jun Uno, Waseda University Tokyo § Darya Yuferova, Norwegian School of Economics ¶k First Version: March 15, 2017 This Version: August 23, 2017 Abstract This paper examines the strategic behavior of High Frequency Traders (HFTs) during the pre-opening phase and the opening auction of the NYSE Euronext Paris exchange. Using data provided by the Base Européenne de Données Financières à Haute Fréquence (BEDOFIH), we find that HFTs actively participate in the pre-opening phase. Contrary to common wisdom, HFTs do not delay their order submission decisions until the very last moment of the pre-opening phase of the trading day. They are able to successfully extract information from the pre-opening order flow, as manifested by the potential profits they make on the positions they take in the opening auction. However, HFTs participate in the pre-opening phase also to post “flash crash” orders, with the aim of gaining time priority under extreme market conditions. Furthermore, HFTs make profits on orders submitted in the last second before the opening auction; however, so do slow traders, suggesting that speed is not a necessary condition to make profits in these last second orders. HFTs lead the price discovery process during the pre-opening phase, and neither harm nor improve liquidity provision in the opening auction. Our analysis highlights that HFTs who “come early to the party” enjoy the party (they make profits), however, they also help the other market participants enjoy the party (they improve market quality) and do not have a privileged entrance to the party (their speed advantage is not a necessary condition to make profits). -
I2PO SPAC Lists on Euronext Paris • €275 Million Raised • 16Th SPAC Listing on Euronext in 2021 • 1St European SPAC Dedicated to the Entertainment and Leisure Sector
Contacts Media Contact Investor Relations Amsterdam +31 20 721 4133 Brussels +32 2 620 15 50 +33 1 70 48 24 27 Dublin +353 1 617 4249 Lisbon +351 210 600 614 Milan +39 02 72 42 62 12 Oslo +47 22 34 19 15 Paris +33 1 70 48 24 45 I2PO SPAC lists on Euronext Paris • €275 million raised • 16th SPAC listing on Euronext in 2021 • 1st European SPAC dedicated to the entertainment and leisure sector Paris – 20 July 2021 – Euronext today congratulates I2PO, a Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC) dedicated to the entertainment and leisure sector, on its listing on the professional compartment of Euronext’s regulated market in Paris (ticker code: I2PO). Iris Knobloch, along with Artemis, a patrimonial holding from the Pinault family represented by François-Henri Pinault and Alban Gréget, and Combat Holding, the entity which co-founded the 2MX Organic and Mediawan SPACs, have partnered to create the I2PO SPAC. The first SPAC in Europe to be co-founded and led by a woman, I2PO is also the first European SPAC in the entertainment and leisure sector. I2PO aims at one or several targets in the sub-sectors such as streaming and content distribution, music, intellectual property of media and services, electronic games and sports, online learning, and leisure platforms. I2PO was listed through the admission to trading of the 27.5 million units making up its equity. In total, I2PO raised €275 million in a private placement from qualified investors, exceeding the €250 million initially announced during the introductory offer. Iris Knobloch, President of the Executive Board and Director General of I2PO, said: “Launching I2PO, we succeeded in creating, with Artemis and Combat Holding, the first SPAC listed in Europe dedicated to entertainment and leisure. -
The History of Banks in France
The history of banks in France Alain Plessis Some forms of progress long hindered In the Middle Ages and at the beginning of modern times, banking activities in France experienced a belated and more difficult development than in neighbouring countries such as Italy, the Netherlands or the United Provinces. The overwhelmingly precarious agriculture and a very limited participation on the international exchange scene, the dominant influence of the catholic church as well as the priests' sermons, long denouncing the practice of loaning at interest, and a very hostile mentality towards anything that resembled usury rendered all big merchants suspect and hindered the free development of their activities. Nevertheless the expansion of trade - which first began in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries through the activities of the fairs in Champagne and then through the dynamism of the commercial markets such as the large royal ports or the city of Lyons - as well as the financial needs of the royal government, all made the use of banking practices more and more indispensable. Banking methods, generally invented in Italy, arrived in France: manual exchange transactions and the use of bills of exchange for transferring funds, as well as the credit operations which developed in connection with those operations, deposits, credit transfers and various investment. The bankers in these professions, who sometimes grew quite rich, were primarily foreigners who lived cut off from the national community, especially Italians and Jews. These Italians were called Lombards; in Paris, already a banking city, the moneychangers from Piedmont set themselves up in a street which has since then been called rue des Lombards. -
Compliance Statement
Compliance Statement Administrator: Euronext Dublin Full name: Euronext Dublin (The Irish Stock Exchange plc) Relevant National Competent Authority: CBI Compliance Statement Euronext Indices Euronext Dublin Version notes latest version February 2020 Version Version notes Euronext Dublin 1 October 2019 Initial version February 2020 Updated version including all new indices since 2 initial version. 3 4 5 6 Note: addition of indices does not lead to a new version of this statement. The lists will be kept up to date.The most recent update of the list was issued 09-Jun-2020. Only changes in significant indices and cessations of indices are marked as new version of the Compliance statement. This publication is for information purposes only and is not a recommendation to engage in investment activities. This publication is provided “as is” without representation or warranty of any kind. Whilst all reasonable care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the content, Euronext does not guarantee its accuracy or completeness. Euronext will not be held liable for any loss or damages of any nature ensuing from using, trusting or acting on information provided. All proprietary rights and interest in or connected with this publication shall vest in Euronext. No part of it may be redistributed or reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of Euronext. Euronext refers to Euronext N.V. and its affiliates. Information regarding trademarks and intellectual property rights of Euronext is located at terms of use euronext For further information in relation to Euronext Indices please contact: [email protected] (c) 2020 Euronext N.V. -
Terms & Conditions Applicable to the Admission to Listing And/Or Trading
TERMS & CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO THE ADMISSION TO LISTING AND/OR TRADING OF DEBT SECURITIES ON A EUROPEAN MARKET OPERATED BY EURONEXT DEFINITIONS Application Form means the application form prescribed to be completed and signed by an Applicant pursuant to the Rules when applying for admission to listing and/or trading of Debt Securities on either a Euronext Regulated Market or an MTF operated by Euronext, such application form to include by reference the relevant Terms and Conditions and Technical Term Sheet. Beneficial Owner means any natural person(s) who ultimately owns or controls the issuer/or the natural person(s) on whose behalf a transaction or activity is being conducted. A natural person with a direct or indirect shareholding or an ownership interest of more than 25% in the issuer qualifies as a Beneficial Owner. Debt Securities means any transferable instrument representing debt including, without limitation, bonds (including convertible bonds that have not (yet) been converted into Equity Securities), notes and money market instruments. Euronext means the corporate group consisting of Euronext N.V., a company with limited liability (“naamloze vennootschap”) organised under the laws of the Netherlands, the Euronext Market Undertakings and/or any other subsidiary of Euronext N.V., as the context may require. Euronext Access means the multilateral trading facility within the scope of Article 4(1)(15) of MIFID (hereinafter “MTF”) operated by Euronext Brussels, Euronext Lisbon and Euronext Paris, under the commercial name “Euronext Access”. Euronext Growth or Euronext Growth Market means Alternext a multilateral trading facility within the scope of Article 4(1)(15) of MIFID (an MTF) operated by Euronext under the commercial name “Euronext Growth”. -
In Search of Liquidity: an Analysis of Order Exposure Strategies in Automated Markets*
In Search of Liquidity: An Analysis of Order Exposure Strategies in Automated Markets* Hendrik Bessembinder University of Utah [email protected] Marios Panayides University of Utah [email protected] Kumar Venkataraman Southern Methodist University [email protected] This Draft November, 2006 Comments Appreciated * We thank Alex Butler, Kelsey Wei, and in particular, Harold Zhang, and seminar participants at University of Texas at Dallas and University of Cyprus for valuable comments and discussion, Machiko Hollifield for programming assistance, and Marianne Demarchi of Euronext-Paris for assistance in obtaining the data. In Search of Liquidity: An Analysis of Order Exposure Strategies in Automated Markets Abstract We study limit order traders’ joint decisions regarding order price and order exposure in markets where they have the option to hide a portion of order size. Using order-level data from Euronext-Paris, we document that hidden orders are used extensively by market participants, representing approximately 18% of the incoming orders and 44% of order volume. The usage of hidden orders is more prevalent for less liquid firms, for larger order sizes, and during slow market conditions. After controlling for known determinants of order price aggressiveness and order exposure, and allowing for simultaneity in the decisions, we document that order aggressiveness and order exposure are used as compliments, in that more price-aggressive orders tend to be exposed and less price-aggressive orders are more often hidden. Further, the relation is stronger for orders that are not expected to execute immediately, suggesting that traders are inclined to hide orders to mitigate the option value of orders that are likely to be left standing in the book. -
A Study in Comparative Economic History
PRINCETON STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE NO. 36 The Formation of Financial Centers: A Study in Comparative Economic History Charles P. Kindlebergei INTERNATIONAL FINANCE SECTION DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS PRINCETON UNIVERSITY • 1974 PRINCETON STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE This is the thirty-sixth number in the series PRINCETON STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, published from time to time by the Inter- national Finance Section of the Department of Economics at Princeton University. The author, Charles P. Kindleberger, is Ford Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His work in economic history includes The World in Depression, 1929-1939 (1973) and Eco- nomic Growth in France and Britain, 1851-1950 (1964). He is the author of two Essays in International Finance, The Politics of Inter- national Money and World Language (No. 61, 1967) and Balance- of-Payments Deficits and the International Market for Liquidity (No. 46, 1965). This series is intended to be restricted to meritorious research stud- ies in the general field of international financial problems which are too technical, too specialized, or too long to qualify as ESSAYS. The Sec- tion welcomes the submission of manuscripts for this series. While the Section sponsors the studies, the writers are free to de- velop their topics as they will. Their ideas and treatment may.or may not be shared by the editorial committee of the Section or the mem- bers of the Department. PETER B. KENEN Director Princeton University PRINCETON STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE NO. 36 The Formation of Financial Centers: A Study in Comparative Economic History Charles P. Kindleberger INTERNATIONAL FINANCE SECTION DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY November 1974 Copyright 0 1974, by International Finance Section Department of Economics, Princeton University Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kindleberger, Charles Poor, 1910- The formation of financial centers. -
Annual Report and Accounts 2009
HSBC France Annual Report and Accounts 2009 www.hsbc.fr The HSBC Group CCF joined the HSBC Group in July 2000 and changed its legal name to HSBC France on 1 November 2005. Headquartered in London, HSBC is one of the largest banking and financial services organisations in the world. Its international network comprises around 8,000 offices in 88 countries and territories in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East and Africa. With listings on the London, Hong Kong, New York, Paris and Bermuda stock exchanges, shares in HSBC Holdings plc are held by over 220,000 shareholders in 121 countries and territories. HSBC provides a comprehensive range of financial services and serves around 100 million customers through two customer groups: Personal Financial Services and Commercial Banking; and two global businesses: Global Banking and Markets, and Private Banking. In 2009, HSBC’s profit before tax was USD 7,079 million and USD 13.3 billion on an underlying basis and excluding goodwill impairment. Profit attributable to shareholders of the parent company was USD 5,834 million. Total assets were USD 2,364 billion at 31 December 2009. Geographical distribution of results – Profit before tax: Year ended 31 December 2009 USDm % Europe 4,009 56.7 Hong Kong 5,029 71.0 Rest of Asia-Pacific 4,200 59.3 Middle East 455 6.4 North America (7,738) (109.3) Latin America 1,124 15.9 Profit before tax 7,079 100.0 This Reference Document was registered with the Autorité des Marchés Financiers on 29 April 2010 in accordance with Article 212-13 of the AMF General Regulation. -
REGISTRATION DOCUMENT and FULL-YEAR FINANCIAL REPORT Contents
2014 REGISTRATION DOCUMENT AND FULL-YEAR FINANCIAL REPORT Contents FINANCIAL REPORT 213 5 5.1 IFRS Consolidated Financial Statements of Groupe BPCE as at December 31, 2014 214 PRESENTATION OF GROUPE BPCE 3 5.2 Statutory Auditors’ report on the consolidated fi nancial statements 318 1 1.1 Presentation of Groupe BPCE 4 5.3 IFRS Consolidated Financial Statements 1.2 History of the Group 5 of BPCE SA group as at December 31, 2014 320 1.3 Organization of Groupe BPCE 6 5.4 Statutory Auditors’ report on the consolidated 1.4 Key fi gures 2014 9 fi nancial statements 400 1.5 Contacts 11 5.5 BPCE parent company fi nancial statements 402 1.6 Calendar 11 5.6 Statutory Auditors’ report on the fi nancial statements 447 1.7 2014-2017 strategic plan: “Growing Differently” 12 1.8 Groupe BPCE’s Businesses 15 SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL 6 AND SOCIETAL INFORMATION 449 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 29 6.1 Sustainable development strategy and cooperative identity 450 2 2.1 Introduction 30 6.2 Response to economic challenges 456 2.2 Management and Supervisory Bodies 32 6.3 Human resources information 463 2.3 Role and operating rules of governing bodies 65 6.4 Response to environmental challenges 474 2.4 Rules and principles governing the determination of pay and benefi ts 72 6.5 Response to societal challenges 482 2.5 Potential confl icts of interest 84 6.6 CSR reporting methodology 491 2.6 Chairman’s report on internal control and risk 6.7 Report by one of the Statutory Auditors, management procedures for the year ended a designated independent third-party body, on the December -
Government Banking
Government Banking Government Banking New Perspectives on Sustainable Development and Social Inclusion From Europe and South America Kurt von Mettenheim & Maria Antonieta Del Tedesco Lins © KONRAD ADENAUER FOUNDATION – 2008 EDITORS Kurt von Mettenheim Maria Antonieta Del Tedesco Lins LAYOUT AND DIAGRAMATION Caio Fábio Machado COVER DeSIGN Patrícia Azevedo PRESS Editora Vozes X000 Government Banking : New Perspectives on Sustainable Development and Social Inclusion From Europe and South America / Kurt von Mettenheim & Maria Antonieta Del Tedesco Lins, [editors]. - Rio de Janeiro and Berlin : Konrad Adenauer Foundtion , 2008. 232 p. ; 24 cm. ISBN – 978-85-7504-122-8 1. Government banking. 2. Political economy. 3. Social economy. 4. Microcredit. I. Mettenheim, Kurt von & Lins, Maria Antonieta Del Tedesco. II. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. CDD- 303.4 Table of Contents Introduction, Kurt von Mettenheim 7 Part I – Government Banking in Europe 39 Chapter 1 Community Banking Networks and Financial Exclusion:How Savings Banks and Cooperative Banks Contribute to Financial Inclusion in Germany, Anke Turner and Ingrid Größl 41 Chapter 2 Commitment to Corporate Social Responsibility through Supportive Actions in the Banking Industry, Jean-Yves Saulquin 65 Chapter 3 European savings banks and the future of public banking in advanced economies. The cases of France, Germany, Italy and Spain, Olivier Butzbach 85 Part II – Government Banking in Latin America 127 Chapter 4 From Development Banking to Microfinance: Reflections on the Recent History of Banking -
Declaration of Crossing of Thresholds – Euronext Paris
Contacts Media Contact Relations Investisseurs Amsterdam +31 20 721 4133 Bruxelles +32 2 620 15 50 +33 1 70 48 24 27 Dublin +353 1 617 4249 Lisbonne +351 210 600 614 Milan +39 02 72 42 62 12 Oslo +47 22 34 19 15 Paris +33 1 70 48 24 45 Declaration of crossing of thresholds – Euronext Paris Paris – 11 Mai 2021 – Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A, CDP Equity S.p.A and Cassa Depositi e Prestiti S.p.A (as parent company of CDP Equity S.p.A) have notified Euronext Paris that, on 29 April 2021, acting in concert with a group of existing reference shareholders of Euronext N.V., they have crossed the legal thresholds of 10% and of 20% of the share capital and voting rights of Euronext N.V., which holds 100% of the share capital and voting rights of Euronext Paris. As a result, as of 29 April 2021, Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A, CDP Equity S.p.A, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (through its subsidiary ABN AMRO Participaties Fund I B.V.), Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, Euroclear S.A./N.V. and Société Fédérale de Participations et d’Investissement/ Federale Participatie – en Investeringsmaatschappij, acting in concert, held indirectly 1,660,030 shares and 27.85% of the share capital and voting rights of Euronext Paris. CONTACTS MEDIA – [email protected] Aurélie Cohen (Europe/Paris) +33 1 70 48 24 45 [email protected] Marianne Aalders (Amsterdam) +31 20 721 41 33 [email protected] Pascal Brabant (Bruxelles) +32 2 620 15 50 [email protected] Shannon Sweeney (Dublin) +353 1 617 4249 [email protected] Sandra Machado (Lisbonne) +351 210 600 614 [email protected] Andrea Monzani (Milan/Rome) +39 02 72 42 62 13 [email protected] Service presse (Oslo) +47 22 34 17 34 [email protected] ANALYSTS & INVESTISSEURS – [email protected] Aurélie Cohen +33 1 70 48 24 27 [email protected] Clément Kubiak +33 1 70 48 26 33 [email protected] A propos d’Euronext Euronext est un groupe leader d’infrastructure de marché pan-européen, connectant les économies locales aux marchés financiers mondiaux, pour accélérer l'innovation et la croissance durable.